WO2018128135A1 - 脱りん処理装置およびそれを用いた溶銑の脱りん方法 - Google Patents
脱りん処理装置およびそれを用いた溶銑の脱りん方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018128135A1 WO2018128135A1 PCT/JP2017/046788 JP2017046788W WO2018128135A1 WO 2018128135 A1 WO2018128135 A1 WO 2018128135A1 JP 2017046788 W JP2017046788 W JP 2017046788W WO 2018128135 A1 WO2018128135 A1 WO 2018128135A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/285—Plants therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dephosphorization apparatus capable of performing dephosphorization treatment efficiently at low cost and a hot metal dephosphorization method using the same.
- hot metal dephosphorization is widely performed by a method in which the hot metal is treated under low temperature conditions in a hot metal stage, which is thermodynamically advantageous.
- a top-bottom blowing converter is suitable as an apparatus for dephosphorizing hot metal. In the top-bottom blown converter, gaseous oxygen with less heat loss than the solid oxidant can be sprayed from the top lance to the hot metal as an oxidant necessary for the dephosphorization process.
- the basicity of slag after dephosphorization treatment (CaO mass concentration / SiO 2 mass concentration) is 1.8 or more and 2.6 or less, and at least a part of the refining agent is calcium ferrite
- a method is disclosed in which quick lime having a particle size of 3 mm or less is sprayed onto hot metal together with oxygen from an upper blowing lance (see Patent Document 1).
- hot metal cannot be dephosphorized to an extremely low [P] concentration ([P] ⁇ 0.015% by mass) unless expensive calcium ferrite is used in combination. Therefore, there is a problem that a lot of costs are required.
- CaO powder, Al 2 O 3 powder, and Fe 2 O 3 powder are contained from the top blowing lance as a method for melting CaO efficiently and melting low phosphorus steel without using fluorite or calcium ferrite.
- a method of spraying mixed powder together with an oxygen gas jet onto a hot metal bath surface having a [Si] concentration of 0.15% by mass or less is disclosed (see Patent Document 2).
- Al 2 O 3 or Fe 2 O 3 reacts with CaO to easily form a low melting point CaO—Al 2 O 3 —FeO melt, and the dephosphorization reaction proceeds very efficiently.
- the unit price of each of the CaO powder, Al 2 O 3 powder, and Fe 2 O 3 powder is low, but it takes a lot of cost to produce the mixed powder with a mixer or the like.
- this method when this method is applied to hot metal having a [Si] concentration exceeding 0.15% by mass, desiliconization reaction proceeds rapidly in the first half of blowing in the dephosphorization process, and a large amount of SiO 2 is generated.
- the slag basicity (CaO addition amount / (SiO 2 generation amount + SiO 2 addition amount)) in the first half of the smelting in the phosphorus treatment is lowered, and the frequency of occurrence of slopping increases rapidly. Since the blending ratio of each powder in the mixed powder is determined in advance, it cannot be flexibly handled according to the hot metal conditions.
- a CaO-containing cover slag is formed in the first half of blowing, and the basicity (weight ratio: CaO / SiO 2 ) of the cover slag is 0.4 to 1.5, and then CaO powder and Al 2 O 3 powder and A hot metal dephosphorization method in which a mixed powder of Fe 2 O 3 powder is blown up is disclosed (see Patent Document 3).
- the amount of spitting can be reduced by forming a cover slag having a low melting point in the first half of blowing in the dephosphorization process.
- JP 2010-1536 A Japanese Patent No. 3525766 Japanese Patent No. 3687433
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dephosphorization processing apparatus capable of producing low phosphorus hot metal at low cost by dephosphorization and a hot metal dephosphorization method using the same.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a dephosphorization apparatus for dephosphorizing hot metal A converter, An upper blowing lance for blowing oxygen gas into the converter; A first gas line for supplying the oxygen gas to the upper blowing lance; A first dispenser in which a CaO source sprayed together with the oxygen gas from the upper blowing lance is held; A second dispenser in which at least an Al 2 O 3 source sprayed with the oxygen gas from the upper blowing lance is held;
- a dephosphorization apparatus characterized by comprising: (2) The above (1), further comprising a second gas line different from the first gas line, wherein the CaO source and the Al 2 O 3 source are mixed and supplied to the upper blowing lance. ).
- a fine CaO source having a maximum particle size of 10 mm or less is added by an amount equivalent to a charging basicity of less than 0.4, and the blowing is completed from the start of blowing.
- the total supply amount of oxygen gas is 100%
- only the CaO source is combined with the added fine CaO source until 50-80% of oxygen gas is blown from the start of blowing.
- spray the molten iron to the hot metal by an amount corresponding to a charge basicity of 0.8 to 1.2, and then spray the mixed powder together with the oxygen gas from the upper blowing lance, and treat it together with the added fine CaO source.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a dephosphorization processing apparatus capable of producing low phosphorus hot metal at low cost by dephosphorization and a hot metal dephosphorization method using the same.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a dephosphorization processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the hot metal discharged from the blast furnace or further desiliconized hot metal ([Si] concentration: 0.1 to 0.7 mass%) is gasified through the top blowing lance in the top bottom blowing converter.
- Dephosphorization treatment is performed by spraying at least a part of the refining agent together with oxygen to the hot metal as a powder.
- at least two or more powder supply dispensers which are connected to the top blowing oxygen line, are “a dispenser holding a CaO source” and “a dispenser holding at least an Al 2 O 3 source”.
- a hot metal dephosphorization process is performed using the dephosphorization apparatus which has.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a dephosphorization processing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the above-mentioned hot metal 2 is held in the converter 1, and oxygen is blown from the upper blowing lance 3 via the oxygen gas line 4 when performing the dephosphorization process.
- a dispenser 5 in which powder of a CaO source (CaO, CaCO 3 , etc.) is held, and an Al 2 O 3 source (mainly Al 2 O 3 ) separately from it.
- the powder is supplied from the dispenser 6 holding the powder at a timing suitable for the processing conditions and at an appropriate mixing ratio.
- the particle size of each powder is preferably 1 mm or less in terms of transportation efficiency.
- the CaO source powder is preferably limestone (CaCO 3 ), quick lime (CaO), or a mixed powder thereof, and the Al 2 O 3 source powder is preferably bangshale shale or bauxite.
- the first dispenser 5 holds the powder of the CaO source and the second dispenser 6 holds the powder of the Al 2 O 3 source. 6 may hold a mixture of CaO source powder and Al 2 O 3 source powder.
- the second dispenser 6 as shall have at least hold the Al 2 O 3 source.
- a total mass concentration of CaO and CaCO 3 is 80% or more, and a mixture of limestone, limestone, and part of dolomite is suitable.
- the reason why the total mass concentration of CaO and CaCO 3 is 80% or more is that if it is less than 80%, a lot of components other than CaO and CaCO 3 are mixed, and slag forming becomes excessive during dephosphorization, resulting in slag. This is because the risk of overflowing from the furnace opening or poor dephosphorization increases.
- the Al 2 O 3 source has an Al 2 O 3 mass concentration of 50% or more, and may be bauxite, slag having a high Al 2 O 3 mass concentration, refractory waste, or the like.
- the reason why the mass concentration of Al 2 O 3 is 50% or more is that if it is less than 50%, a lot of components other than Al 2 O 3 are mixed, and slag forming becomes excessive during the dephosphorization process, so This is because there is an increased risk of overflowing or dephosphorization failure.
- the reason why the mass concentration of Al 2 O 3 may be relatively low as 50% or more is that the amount of Al 2 O 3 source used is relatively small compared to the amount of CaO source used, so that the dephosphorization treatment is performed. This is because it has a small effect on the environment.
- the CaO source When blowing is started in the dephosphorization process, the CaO source is supplied from the first dispenser 5 to the gas line 7, and the CaO source is conveyed to the upper blowing lance 3.
- N 2 is often used as a carrier gas (carrier gas), but CO 2 or Ar may be used, and oxygen may also be used.
- the CaO source When the CaO source is transported to the upper blowing lance 3, the CaO source is sprayed onto the hot metal 2 together with the oxygen gas supplied from the oxygen gas line 4.
- N 2 gas When N 2 is used, N 2 gas is also ejected from the upper blowing lance 3 together with the oxygen gas, but the amount of N 2 gas is small compared to the oxygen gas, so that it can be ignored in operation. Further, during blowing, N 2 gas is blown as bottom blowing gas from a tuyere (not shown) at the bottom of the converter 1, and the hot metal 2 is stirred.
- an Al 2 O 3 source is also supplied to the gas line 7 from the second dispenser 6 at an appropriate timing during blowing.
- the CaO source and the Al 2 O 3 source are mixed (postmixed) in the gas line 7, and the mixed powder is supplied to the upper blowing lance 3 by N 2 gas or the like. Transported. As a result, the mixed powder is sprayed from the top blowing lance 3 along with the oxygen gas onto the hot metal 2.
- each powder may be directly supplied from the first dispenser 5 and the second dispenser 6 to the oxygen gas line 4, but each dispenser is considered in consideration of ease of maintenance of the dispenser and the gas line.
- the powder supplied from is mixed in a gas line 7 different from the oxygen gas line 4 and conveyed to the upper blowing lance 3 by N 2 gas or the like via the gas line 7.
- these powders are mixed in the gas line 7 and sprayed from the top blowing lance 3 to the hot metal 2 together with oxygen gas.
- the gas line 7 is directly connected to the upper blowing lance 3, but the gas line 7 may be connected to the oxygen gas line 4.
- At least two powders connected to the top blowing oxygen line that is, “a dispenser holding a CaO source” and “a dispenser holding at least an Al 2 O 3 source”.
- the hot metal dephosphorization process is performed using a dephosphorization apparatus having a supply dispenser. Thereby, the effort and cost which produce mixed powder with a mixer etc. can be eliminated.
- the type and ratio of the powder sprayed during blowing can be easily controlled, so that low phosphorus hot metal can be easily and efficiently melted. Can do.
- dephosphorization tests were conducted under various conditions on the following items.
- the blowing time was set to 6 to 10 minutes, which is a general blowing time in relation to the operation with other processes, and the top blowing oxygen flow rate was adjusted so as to match the predetermined blowing time.
- top blowing oxygen flow rate means the average top blowing oxygen flow rate during blowing, and the top blowing oxygen flow rate may be adjusted within a range of 0.8 to 1.2 times depending on the slag forming state. Shall be included.
- Al 2 O 3 concentration in the mixed powder ratio of Al 2 O 3 )” is (Al 2 O 3 mass) / (CaO mass + CaCO 3 mass ⁇ 0.56 + Al 2 O 3 mass) ⁇ 100. .
- Top blown oxygen flow rate 0.8 to 2.7 Nm 3 / min / molten metal t (Hereinafter, the unit of gas supply rate is expressed as Nm 3 / min / t or Nm 3 / min / molten metal t.)
- Bottom blowing gas flow rate 0.08 to 0.7 Nm 3 / min / molten iron t
- Charge basicity with only CaO source charge basicity until use of powder containing at least Al 2 O 3 powder): 0.7 to 1.3
- Charge basicity with fine-grained CaO source (particle diameter ⁇ 10 mm) charged into the converter before blowing or within 30 seconds after the start of blowing: 0 to 0.5 (6)
- [P] in the after-treatment hot metal described in Table 1 and Table 2 is an average value of P concentration (mass%) as a result of continuous 5Ch test under each condition.
- the evaluation when the [P] in the hot metal after treatment is 0.015% by mass or less and the slopping is “No” is “ ⁇ ”, and when mild slapping occurs or in the hot metal after the treatment [ The evaluation when P] was more than 0.015% by mass and 0.020% by mass or less was evaluated as “ ⁇ ”. Mild slopping is a level that does not interfere with continuation of operation, as slag is slightly spilled from the furnace outlet.
- the charging basicity by only the powder of the CaO source sprayed on was preferably 0.8 to 1.2.
- the FeO concentration in the melt is likely to decrease.
- the melting point of the FeO—CaO melt is increased and the fluid state cannot be maintained, so that it is considered that the dephosphorization utilization efficiency of the melt decreases.
- Al 2 O 3 is contained in the melt, the melting point of the melt is remarkably lowered, so that the molten state can be maintained and the dephosphorization utilization efficiency can be maintained high.
- the Al 2 O 3 concentration in the mixed powder is less than 5% by mass, the melting point lowering effect of the melt is small, and the dephosphorization efficiency of the melt cannot be improved so much.
- the Al 2 O 3 concentration in the mixed powder was preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
- CaO + Al 2 O 3 mixed powder (Al 2 O 3 concentration in the mixed powder was 10% by mass) was sprayed from the top blowing lance to adjust the charging basicity at the end of the treatment to 1. It was 4 to 2.5. In addition, the fine grain CaO source was not added before the process.
- the charging basicity at the end of the treatment is 1.5 or more, and it is more preferable that the upper limit of the charging basicity at the end of the treatment is 2 from an economical viewpoint. It could be confirmed.
- the [P] in the molten iron after treatment should be 0.015% by mass or less. It was confirmed that there was not enough oxygen required.
- the upper blowing oxygen flow rate is increased to more than 2.5 Nm 3 / min / t, Fe in the molten iron is excessively oxidized by the upper blowing oxygen, and the FeO concentration in the slag is excessively increased to form, It was confirmed that slipping occurred.
- the top blown oxygen flow rate is preferably 1.0 to 2.5 Nm 3 / min / t.
- the bottom blowing N 2 flow rate during blowing was preferably 0.1 to 0.6 Nm 3 / min / t.
- the oxygen gas supply amount is set to 100%, only the powder of the CaO source is charged from the top blowing lance until the oxygen gas is blown in an amount of 60% from the start of blowing (in this case, CaO charging).
- the amount is sprayed to the hot metal by the amount that the total of fine CaO and CaO in the powder is 1.0, and then CaO + Al 2 O 3 mixed powder (Al 2 O 3 concentration in the mixed powder) from the top blowing lance was 10% by mass), and the charging basicity at the end of the treatment was set to 1.8.
- the addition amount of the fine-grained CaO source is equivalent to a charge basicity of 0.39, it can sufficiently dissolve during blowing and contribute to dephosphorization, and [P] in the molten iron after treatment is 0.015 mass It was confirmed that it was reduced to less than%.
- the desiliconization reaction proceeds rapidly with the top-blown oxygen gas, and a large amount of SiO 2 is generated in the slag. Therefore, it can be said that fine-grained CaO is easily dissolved. From this, even when fine-grained CaO is added within 30 seconds from the start of blowing, the fine-grained CaO source is easily dissolved, and the same effect is obtained.
- the addition amount of the fine-grained CaO source is equal to or more than the charge basicity of 0.4, a part of the fine-grained CaO source becomes undissolved, and the actual basicity of the slag is lowered during the blowing and is mild. It was also confirmed that slopping occurred.
- the CaO source is sprayed as a powder onto the hot metal bath surface with the oxygen gas blown, the CaO source powder quickly dissolves at the fire point, and the actual basicity of the slag rises, but the fine CaO source is blown. In the initial stage, it stays in the vicinity of the furnace wall, and there are few chances of contact with the FeO-based melt generated at the fire point, and it is considered that it takes a relatively long time to melt.
- the present invention will be further described based on examples, but the conditions in the examples are one example of conditions adopted for confirming the feasibility and effects of the present invention. It is not limited to the example conditions.
- the present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the object of the present invention is achieved without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- a dephosphorization processing apparatus connected to the oxygen gas line.
- Example 2 A hot metal having a composition of [Si]: 0.4% by mass and [P]: 0.10% by mass was charged into an upper-bottom-blown converter at 280 t. Then, before starting blowing, a fine CaO source having a maximum particle size of 10 mm or less was added in an amount equivalent to a charging basicity of 0.3.
- the dispenser 1 group maximum particle size powder following CaO source 1mm is held
- a dispenser holding a powder of an Al 2 O 3 source having a maximum particle size of 1 mm or less are connected to an N 2 gas line separate from the oxygen gas supply line sprayed from the top blowing lance
- the total oxygen gas supply amount from the start of blowing to the end of blowing is 100% with the oxygen gas 2.0 Nm 3 / min / t from the top blowing lance, 75% from the start of blowing Until the amount of oxygen gas is blown, only the CaO source powder is charged from the dispenser holding the CaO source powder (the CaO charge is the sum of the fine CaO source and the CaO in the powder CaO source).
- Example 3 A hot metal having a composition of [Si]: 0.4% by mass and [P]: 0.10% by mass was charged into an upper-bottom-blown converter at 280 t. Then, before starting blowing, a fine CaO source having a maximum particle size of 10 mm or less was added in an amount equivalent to a charging basicity of 0.3.
- the dispenser 1 group maximum particle size powder following CaO source 1mm is held
- a dispenser holding a powder of an Al 2 O 3 source having a maximum particle size of 1 mm or less are connected to an N 2 gas line separate from the oxygen gas supply line sprayed from the top blowing lance
- the total oxygen gas supply amount from the start of blowing to the end of blowing is 100% with the oxygen gas 2.0 Nm 3 / min / t from the top blowing lance, 60% from the start of blowing Until the amount of oxygen gas is blown, only the CaO source powder is charged from the dispenser holding the CaO source powder (the CaO charge is the sum of the fine CaO source and the CaO in the powder CaO source).
- Example 4 A hot metal having a composition of [Si]: 0.4% by mass and [P]: 0.10% by mass was charged into an upper-bottom-blown converter at 280 t. Then with stirring hot metal is blown from the bottom tuyeres N 2 gas into the molten iron at a rate 0.25Nm 3 / min / t, the dispenser 1 group maximum particle size powder following CaO source 1mm is held And a dispenser holding a powder of an Al 2 O 3 source having a maximum particle size of 1 mm or less are connected to an N 2 gas line separate from the oxygen gas supply line sprayed from the top blowing lance When the total oxygen gas supply amount from the start of blowing to the end of blowing is 100% with the oxygen gas 2.0 Nm 3 / min / t from the top blowing lance, 60% from the start of blowing Until the amount of oxygen gas was sprayed, only the powder of CaO source was sprayed from the dispenser in which the powder of CaO source was retained to the hot metal for the charging basicity of
- the charging basicity at the end of the treatment was set to 1.8.
- the blowing time was 7 minutes, the hot metal temperature at the end of the blowing process was 1345 ° C., and [P] in the hot metal after the treatment was 0.016% by mass. In addition, no slipping occurred during blowing.
- the blowing time was 7 minutes, the hot metal temperature at the end of blowing was 1344 ° C., and [P] in the hot metal after treatment was 0.025% by mass. In addition, no slipping occurred during blowing. In this example, since there was only one dispenser, the powder of the Al 2 O 3 source could not be used, so the dephosphorization utilization efficiency could not be increased.
- One dispenser charged with 10% by mass of mixed powder of Al 2 O 3 source was connected to the oxygen gas line, and blowing with oxygen gas 2.0Nm 3 / min / t was started from the top blowing lance
- the mixed powder was sprayed onto the hot metal from the end of blowing to the end of blowing to make the charging basicity at the end of treatment 1.8.
- the blowing time was 7 minutes
- the hot metal temperature at the end of the blowing was 1340 ° C.
- the amount of [P] in the hot metal after the treatment was 0.010% by mass, but slapping occurred during the blowing.
- the mixed powder was sprayed from the beginning of blowing in order to reduce [P] in the hot metal after the treatment, but since there was only one dispenser, the mixed powder could only be sprayed from the beginning of blowing.
- the Al 2 O 3 concentration of the slag increased, and the slag became easier to form and slopping occurred.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a dephosphorization processing apparatus capable of producing low phosphorus hot metal at low cost by dephosphorization treatment, and a hot metal dephosphorization method using the dephosphorization processing apparatus.
Abstract
Description
CaCO3=CaO+CO2 ・・・(1)
(1)溶銑の脱りん処理を行う脱りん処理装置であって、
転炉と、
前記転炉に酸素ガスを吹き込む上吹きランスと、
前記上吹きランスに前記酸素ガスを供給する第1のガスラインと、
前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスとともに吹き付けるCaO源が保持された第1のディスペンサーと、
前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスとともに吹き付けるAl2O3源が少なくとも保持された第2のディスペンサーと、
を有することを特徴とする脱りん処理装置。
(2)前記CaO源及び前記Al2O3源を混合して前記上吹きランスに供給する、前記第1のガスラインとは異なる第2のガスラインを更に有することを特徴とする上記(1)に記載の脱りん処理装置。
(3)上記(1)又は(2)に記載の脱りん処理装置を用いた溶銑の脱りん方法であって、
前記転炉へ溶銑を装入し、底吹き羽口からN2ガスを前記溶銑へ0.1~0.6Nm3/min/tの流量で吹き込んで攪拌しつつ、前記上吹きランスから1.0~2.5Nm3/min/tの流量の酸素ガスと共に、吹錬開始から吹錬終了まで間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から50~80%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでの間は、前記第1のディスペンサーに保持されたCaO源のみを装入塩基度が0.8~1.2となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスと共に、前記第2のディスペンサーに保持された、Al2O3源を含む混合粉であって、Al2O3の割合((Al2O3質量)/(CaO質量+CaCO3質量×0.56+Al2O3質量)×100)が5~20質量%である混合粉のみを吹き付けるか、または、前記第1のディスペンサーに保持されたCaO源と前記第2のディスペンサーに保持されたAl2O3源との混合粉であって、Al2O3の割合が5~20質量%である混合粉を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.5以上とし、吹錬時間を6~10分とすることを特徴とする溶銑の脱りん方法。
(4)吹錬開始前または吹錬開始後30秒以内に、最大粒径10mm以下の細粒CaO源を、装入塩基度0.4未満相当分だけ添加し、吹錬開始から吹錬終了まで間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から50~80%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでの間は、前記CaO源のみを前記添加した細粒CaO源と合わせて装入塩基度が0.8~1.2となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスと共に前記混合粉を吹き付けて、前記添加した細粒CaO源と合わせて処理末期の装入塩基度を1.5以上とすることを特徴とする上記(3)に記載の溶銑の脱りん方法。
本発明では、高炉から出銑された溶銑もしくはさらに脱珪した溶銑([Si]濃度:0.1~0.7質量%)に対して、上底吹き転炉内において、上吹きランスを通じて気体酸素と共に少なくとも精錬剤の一部を粉体として溶銑へ吹き付けて脱りん処理を行う。本実施形態では、上吹き酸素ラインに繋がっている、「CaO源が保持されたディスペンサー」と「少なくともAl2O3源が保持されたディスペンサー」との少なくとも2基以上の粉体供給用ディスペンサーを有する脱りん処理装置を用いて、溶銑の脱りん処理を行う。
図1に示すように、転炉1内には、前述した溶銑2が保持されており、脱りん処理を行う際には、酸素ガスライン4を経由して上吹きランス3から酸素を吹き付ける。また、脱りん処理を行う際には、CaO源(CaO、、CaCO3、等)の粉体が保持されているディスペンサー5と、それとは別にAl2O3源(主にAl2O3)の粉体が保持されているディスペンサー6とから、処理条件に適したタイミングで、かつ、適切な混合比率で粉体を供給する。但し、各粉体の粒径は運搬効率上、最大粒径が1mm以下とすることが好ましい。また、CaO源の粉体は石灰石(CaCO3)または生石灰(CaO)のどちらかもしくはそれらの混合粉とすることが好ましく、Al2O3源の粉体はバン土頁岩またはボーキサイトが好ましい。なお、以下の説明では、第1のディスペンサー5はCaO源の粉体を保持し、第2のディスペンサー6はAl2O3源の粉体を保持しているものとするが、第2のディスペンサー6は、CaO源の粉体とAl2O3源の粉体とを混合したものを保持していてもよい。このように第2のディスペンサー6は、Al2O3源を少なくとも保持しているものとする。
(1)上吹き酸素流量:0.8~2.7Nm3/min/溶銑t(以下、ガス供給速度の単位を、Nm3/min/t、またはNm3/min/溶銑tと表す。)
(2)底吹きガス流量:0.08~0.7Nm3/min/溶銑t
(3)CaO源のみでの装入塩基度(少なくともAl2O3粉が含まれている粉体の使用を開始するまでの装入塩基度):0.7~1.3
(4)装入塩基度が0.8~1.2から1.4~2.7までのCaO+Al2O3混合粉中のAl2O3濃度:3~25質量%
(5)吹錬前または吹錬開始後30秒以内に転炉内へ装入した、細粒CaO源(粒径≦10mm)による装入塩基度:0~0.5
(6)脱りん処理での吹錬時間:6~10分間
(7)処理後の溶銑温度:1300~1350℃
(8)溶銑の組成:[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%
(9)溶銑量:2t
上底吹き転炉へ溶銑を装入し、上吹き酸素流量を2.0Nm3/min/t、底吹きN2流量を0.25Nm3/min/tとし、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスから、CaO+Al2O3混合粉(混合粉中のAl2O3濃度は10質量%)を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。なお、処理前に細粒CaO源は添加しなかった。上記の条件を基本条件として、上吹きしたCaO源の粉体のみによる装入塩基度を、0.7~1.3と変化させた。
上底吹き転炉へ溶銑を装入し、上吹き酸素供給量を2.0Nm3/min/t、底吹きN2流量を0.25Nm3/min/tとし、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを装入塩基度が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスからCaO+Al2O3混合粉を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。なお、処理前に細粒CaO源は添加しなかった。上記の条件を基本条件として、上吹きしたCaO+Al2O3混合粉中のAl2O3濃度を、3~25質量%まで変化させた。
上底吹き転炉へ溶銑を装入し、上吹き酸素流量を2.0Nm3/min/t、底吹きN2流量を0.25Nm3/min/tとし、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60~90%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを装入塩基度が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスからCaO+Al2O3混合粉(混合粉中のAl2O3濃度は10質量%)を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。なお、処理前に細粒CaO源は添加しなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ溶銑を装入し、上吹き酸素流量を2.0Nm3/min/t、底吹きN2流量を0.25Nm3/min/tとし、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを装入塩基度が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスからCaO+Al2O3混合粉(混合粉中のAl2O3濃度は10質量%)を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.4~2.5とした。なお、処理前に細粒CaO源は添加しなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ溶銑を装入し、上吹き酸素流量を0.8~2.7Nm3/min/tと変化させ、底吹きN2流量を0.25Nm3/min/tとし、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを装入塩基度が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスからCaO+Al2O3混合粉(混合粉中のAl2O3濃度は10質量%)を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。なお、処理前に細粒CaO源は添加しなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ装入した溶銑へ、上吹き酸素流量を2.0Nm3/min/t、底吹きN2流量を0.08~0.7Nm3/min/tと変化させ、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを装入塩基度が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスからCaO+Al2O3混合粉(混合粉中のAl2O3濃度は10質量%)を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。なお、処理前に細粒CaO源は添加しなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ溶銑を装入し、吹錬前に粒径10mm以下の細粒CaO源をホッパーから装入塩基度0~0.5相当分添加した。その後、吹錬を開始し、上吹き酸素流量を2.0Nm3/min/t、底吹きN2流量を0.25Nm3/min/tとし、吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、上吹きランスからCaO源の粉体のみを装入塩基度(この場合、CaO装入量は、細粒CaOと粉体中のCaOとの合計)が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は上吹きランスからCaO+Al2O3混合粉(混合粉中のAl2O3濃度は10質量%)を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。
上底吹き転炉へ、[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%の組成を有する溶銑を280t装入した。続いて底吹き羽口からN2ガスを溶銑中へ流量0.25Nm3/min/tで吹き込んで溶銑を攪拌しつつ、最大粒径が1mm以下のCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基とCaO源の粉にAl2O3源の粉を10質量%混ぜた最大粒径が1mm以下の粉体((Al2O3質量)/(CaO質量+CaCO3質量×0.56+Al2O3質量)×100=10%、以下、(CaO+10%Al2O3)混合粉)が保持されたディスペンサー1基とが上吹き酸素ガスラインに接続されている脱りん処理装置を用いて、上吹きランスから酸素ガス2.0Nm3/min/tと共に吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から75%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでは、CaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーからCaO源の粉のみを装入塩基度が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は(CaO+10%Al2O3)混合粉)が保持されたディスペンサーの方から(CaO+10%Al2O3)混合粉のみを吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。吹錬時間は7分で、吹錬末期の溶銑温度は1342℃、処理後溶銑中[P]は0.012質量%だった。また、吹錬中にスロッピングは生じなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ、[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%の組成を有する溶銑を280t装入した。その後、吹錬開始前に最大粒径10mm以下の細粒CaO源を装入塩基度0.3相当分添加した。続いて底吹き羽口からN2ガスを溶銑中へ流量0.25Nm3/min/tで吹き込んで溶銑を攪拌しつつ、最大粒径が1mm以下のCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基と最大粒径が1mm以下のAl2O3源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基とが上吹きランスから吹き付ける酸素ガスの供給ラインとは別のN2ガスラインに接続されている脱りん装置を用いて、上吹きランスから酸素ガス2.0Nm3/min/tと共に吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から75%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまではCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーからCaO源の粉のみを装入塩基度(CaO装入量は、細粒CaO源と粉体CaO源中のCaOとの合計)が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後はCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーとAl2O3源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーとから、上吹きランスから吹き付けられる粉体が(CaO+10%Al2O3)混合粉になるようにして(ガスライン中でポストミックスして)吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。吹錬時間は7分で、吹錬末期の溶銑温度は1344℃、処理後溶銑中[P]は0.012質量%だった。また、吹錬中にスロッピングは生じなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ、[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%の組成を有する溶銑を280t装入した。その後、吹錬開始前に最大粒径10mm以下の細粒CaO源を装入塩基度0.3相当分添加した。続いて底吹き羽口からN2ガスを溶銑中へ流量0.25Nm3/min/tで吹き込んで溶銑を攪拌しつつ、最大粒径が1mm以下のCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基と最大粒径が1mm以下のAl2O3源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基とが上吹きランスから吹き付ける酸素ガスの供給ラインとは別のN2ガスラインに接続されている脱りん装置を用いて、上吹きランスから酸素ガス2.0Nm3/min/tと共に吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまではCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーからCaO源の粉のみを装入塩基度(CaO装入量は、細粒CaO源と粉体CaO源中のCaOとの合計)が1.0となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後はCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーとAl2O3源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーとから、上吹きランスから吹き付けられる粉体が(CaO+10%Al2O3)混合粉になるようにして(ガスライン中でポストミックスして)吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。吹錬時間は7分で、吹錬末期の溶銑温度は1350℃、処理後溶銑中[P]は0.006質量%だった。また、吹錬中にスロッピングは生じなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ、[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%の組成を有する溶銑を280t装入した。続いて底吹き羽口からN2ガスを溶銑中へ流量0.25Nm3/min/tで吹き込んで溶銑を攪拌しつつ、最大粒径が1mm以下のCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基と最大粒径が1mm以下のAl2O3源の粉が保持されたディスペンサー1基とが上吹きランスから吹き付ける酸素ガスの供給ラインとは別のN2ガスラインに接続されている脱りん装置を用いて、上吹きランスから酸素ガス2.0Nm3/min/tと共に吹錬開始から吹錬終了までの間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から60%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまではCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーからCaO源の粉のみを装入塩基度が1.3となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後はCaO源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーとAl2O3源の粉が保持されたディスペンサーとから、上吹きランスから吹き付けられる粉体が(CaO+10%Al2O3)混合粉になるようにして(ガスライン中でポストミックスして)吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。吹錬時間は7分で、吹錬末期の溶銑温度は1345℃、処理後溶銑中[P]は0.016質量%だった。また、吹錬中にスロッピングは生じなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ、[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%の組成を有する溶銑を280t装入した。続いて底吹き羽口からN2ガスを溶銑中へ流量0.25Nm3/min/tで吹き込んで溶銑を攪拌しつつ、最大粒径が1mm以下のCaO源の粉を装入したディスペンサー1基を酸素ガスラインに接続して、上吹きランスから酸素ガス2.0Nm3/min/tと共に吹錬開始から吹錬末期までCaO源の粉を溶銑へ吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。吹錬時間は7分で、吹錬末期の溶銑温度は1344℃、処理後溶銑中[P]は0.025質量%だった。また、吹錬中にスロッピングは生じなかった。この例では、ディスペンサーが1基であることからAl2O3源の粉を用いることができなかったため、脱りん利用効率を高くすることができなかった。
上底吹き転炉へ、[Si]:0.4質量%、[P]:0.10質量%の組成を有する溶銑を280t装入した。続いて底吹き羽口からN2ガスを溶銑中へ流量0.25Nm3/min/tで吹き込んで溶銑を攪拌しつつ、最大粒径が1mm以下のCaO源の粉に最大粒径が1mm以下のAl2O3源の粉を10質量%混ぜた混合粉を装入したディスペンサー1基を酸素ガスラインに接続して、上吹きランスから酸素ガス2.0Nm3/min/tと共に吹錬開始から吹錬末期まで混合粉を溶銑へ吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.8とした。吹錬時間は7分で、吹錬末期の溶銑温度は1340℃、処理後溶銑中[P]は0.010質量%だったが、吹錬中にスロッピングが生じた。この例では、処理後溶銑中[P]を低下させるために混合粉を吹錬当初から吹き付けたが、ディスペンサーが1基であることから混合粉を吹錬当初から吹き付けることしかできなかったため、吹錬中にスラグのAl2O3濃度が上昇してスラグがフォーミングし易くなり、スロッピングが発生してしまった。
Claims (4)
- 溶銑の脱りん処理を行う脱りん処理装置であって、
転炉と、
前記転炉に酸素ガスを吹き込む上吹きランスと、
前記上吹きランスに前記酸素ガスを供給する第1のガスラインと、
前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスとともに吹き付けるCaO源が保持された第1のディスペンサーと、
前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスとともに吹き付けるAl2O3源が少なくとも保持された第2のディスペンサーと、
を有することを特徴とする脱りん処理装置。 - 前記CaO源及び前記Al2O3源を混合して前記上吹きランスに供給する、前記第1のガスラインとは異なる第2のガスラインを更に有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の脱りん処理装置。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の脱りん処理装置を用いた溶銑の脱りん方法であって、
前記転炉へ溶銑を装入し、底吹き羽口からN2ガスを前記溶銑へ0.1~0.6Nm3/min/tの流量で吹き込んで攪拌しつつ、前記上吹きランスから1.0~2.5Nm3/min/tの流量の酸素ガスと共に、吹錬開始から吹錬終了まで間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から50~80%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでの間は、前記第1のディスペンサーに保持されたCaO源のみを装入塩基度が0.8~1.2となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスと共に、前記第2のディスペンサーに保持された、Al2O3源を含む混合粉であって、Al2O3の割合((Al2O3質量)/(CaO質量+CaCO3質量×0.56+Al2O3質量)×100)が5~20質量%である混合粉のみを吹き付けるか、または、前記第1のディスペンサーに保持されたCaO源と前記第2のディスペンサーに保持されたAl2O3源との混合粉であって、Al2O3の割合が5~20質量%である混合粉を吹き付けて、処理末期の装入塩基度を1.5以上とし、吹錬時間を6~10分とすることを特徴とする溶銑の脱りん方法。 - 吹錬開始前または吹錬開始後30秒以内に、最大粒径10mm以下の細粒CaO源を、装入塩基度0.4未満相当分だけ添加し、吹錬開始から吹錬終了まで間の全酸素ガス供給量を100%とした場合に、吹錬開始から50~80%の量の酸素ガスを吹き付けるまでの間は、前記CaO源のみを前記添加した細粒CaO源と合わせて装入塩基度が0.8~1.2となる分だけ溶銑へ吹き付け、その後は前記上吹きランスから前記酸素ガスと共に前記混合粉を吹き付けて、前記添加した細粒CaO源と合わせて処理末期の装入塩基度を1.5以上とすることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の溶銑の脱りん方法。
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