WO2018110176A1 - 赤外レーザ用反射部材、レーザ発振器、レーザ加工装置および赤外レーザ用反射部材の製造方法 - Google Patents
赤外レーザ用反射部材、レーザ発振器、レーザ加工装置および赤外レーザ用反射部材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018110176A1 WO2018110176A1 PCT/JP2017/040624 JP2017040624W WO2018110176A1 WO 2018110176 A1 WO2018110176 A1 WO 2018110176A1 JP 2017040624 W JP2017040624 W JP 2017040624W WO 2018110176 A1 WO2018110176 A1 WO 2018110176A1
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- film
- reflecting member
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/28—Interference filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reflection member for infrared laser that reflects infrared laser light, a laser oscillator, a laser processing apparatus, and a method for manufacturing a reflection member for infrared laser.
- Laser processing apparatuses that process the shape of an object by irradiating laser light are used in various fields.
- the wavelength of the laser beam used by the laser processing apparatus is selected according to the material of the object to be processed.
- Infrared laser light with a wavelength of 9 ⁇ m typified by CO 2 (carbon dioxide) laser is used for drilling for forming wiring electrodes on a resin printed board.
- a laser processing apparatus When performing drilling processing, a laser processing apparatus is required to form a processing hole having a shape closer to a perfect circle. In order to form a processing hole having a shape close to a perfect circle, it is necessary that the laser beam used for processing is isotropic circularly polarized light. In order to satisfy these requirements, laser processing that employs a method of converting linearly polarized laser light into circularly polarized light, which includes a laser oscillator that oscillates linearly polarized laser light and a polarization conversion member disposed on the optical path. There is a device. In order for such a laser processing apparatus to emit more isotropic circularly polarized laser light, a laser oscillator that oscillates ideal linearly polarized light having a regular vibration direction is required.
- the reflecting member used in the wavelength region of the infrared laser light examples include those disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
- the reflecting member disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a Cr (chrome) layer, an Au (gold) layer, an Ag (silver) layer, and HfO 2 (oxidized) on a Si (silicon) substrate or a Cu (copper) substrate.
- a hafnium) layer or Bi 2 O 3 (bismuth oxide) layer, a ZnSe (zinc selenide) layer or ZnS (zinc sulfide) layer, and a Ge (germanium) layer are formed.
- the reflecting member disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes an Au layer, a YF 3 (yttrium fluoride) layer or a YbF 3 (ytterbium fluoride) layer, a ZnSe layer or a ZnS layer on a Si substrate or a Cu substrate, A Ge layer, a ZnSe layer or a ZnS layer, and a YF 3 layer or a YbF 3 layer are formed. All of the above conventional reflecting members achieve a reflectance of 99.7% or more with respect to infrared laser light.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to obtain an infrared laser reflecting member capable of constituting a laser oscillator that oscillates linearly polarized infrared laser light.
- a reflecting member for an infrared laser includes a substrate, a SiO (silicon monoxide) film, and a metal formed between the substrate and the SiO film.
- a membrane A membrane.
- an infrared laser reflecting member capable of realizing a laser oscillator that oscillates linearly polarized infrared laser light having a regular vibration direction.
- FIG. 1 The figure which shows typically the structure of the laser processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- Configuration of the laser oscillator shown in FIG. First configuration diagram of a reflecting member that can be used as the folding mirror shown in FIG. Schematic configuration diagram of a film forming apparatus used for manufacturing the reflecting member shown in FIG.
- the figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of the comparative example 1 The figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of the comparative example 2
- Table showing the durability test results of the reflective members of Example 2, Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 4 The figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 2.
- the figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 3 The figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 4
- the figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of the comparative example 5 The figure which shows the reflectance of the reflection member of Example 2 to Example 5 and the comparative example 5 with the frequency
- the figure which shows the endurance test result of the reflective member of Example 1, Example 3, Example 4, and Example 5 Diagram showing the refractive index of various materials Diagram showing extinction coefficient of various materials
- the 4th block diagram of the reflective member which can be used as a folding mirror shown in FIG. The figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 6.
- the figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 9 The figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 10
- the figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of Example 11 The figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of the comparative example 6
- the figure which shows the optical characteristic of the reflection member of the comparative example 8 The figure which shows the reflectance of the reflective member of Example 6 to Example 11 with the frequency
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the laser processing apparatus 10 includes a laser oscillator 11, a polarization conversion member 12, a condensing optical system 13, a processing table 14, a drive unit 15, and a control unit 16.
- the laser oscillator 11 emits linearly polarized laser light having a regular vibration direction.
- the polarization conversion member 12 is disposed on an optical path until the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator 11 is irradiated onto the workpiece 17, and converts the linearly polarized laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator 11 into circularly polarized light.
- the condensing optical system 13 condenses the laser light converted into circularly polarized light by the polarization conversion member 12 on the workpiece 17.
- the condensing optical system 13 includes a condensing lens and a collimator lens.
- the processing table 14 is a table on which the processing object 17 is placed.
- the drive unit 15 moves the processing table 14.
- the drive unit 15 includes, for example, a motor, and converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
- the control unit 16 controls the operation of the laser processing apparatus 10.
- the control unit 16 can control the timing at which the laser oscillator 11 generates laser light and the timing and direction in which the driving unit 15 moves the processing table 14.
- the position where the processing target 17 is irradiated with the laser light changes.
- the laser processing apparatus 10 converts the linearly polarized laser light oscillated by the laser oscillator 11 into circularly polarized light by the polarization conversion member 12 and processes the workpiece 17 using the circularly polarized infrared laser light.
- the vibration direction of the laser light oscillated by the laser oscillator 11 is ideal linearly polarized light
- the laser light used for processing by the laser processing apparatus 10 is more isotropic circularly polarized light. For this reason, when drilling is performed using the laser processing apparatus 10, it is possible to form a processing hole having a shape closer to a perfect circle.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the laser oscillator 11 shown in FIG.
- the laser oscillator 11 oscillates infrared laser light L having a peak wavelength in the infrared region.
- the infrared laser light L oscillated by the laser oscillator 11 is linearly polarized light.
- the laser oscillator 11 includes a housing 20, a laser medium 21, a pair of electrodes 22, a partial reflection mirror 23, a total reflection mirror 24, and a folding mirror 25.
- the laser medium 21 is an excitation gas such as a mixed gas obtained by adding N 2 (nitrogen) and He (helium) to CO 2 gas, for example.
- the mixed gas mentioned here is an example, and the laser medium 21 may be any material that can generate infrared laser light having a peak wavelength in the infrared region.
- the pair of electrodes 22 is an example of an energy supply unit that supplies excitation energy to the laser medium 21. When a voltage is applied to the pair of electrodes 22, a discharge is generated and energy is supplied to the laser medium 21.
- the partial reflection mirror 23 and the total reflection mirror 24 constitute a resonator.
- the light is amplified while the light reciprocates between the partial reflection mirror 23 and the total reflection mirror 24.
- the infrared laser light L is oscillated and the infrared laser light L is emitted from the partial reflection mirror 23.
- the folding mirror 25 is a reflecting member that is disposed on the optical path between the partial reflection mirror 23 and the total reflection mirror 24 and changes the direction of the optical path. Specifically, the folding mirror 25 is arranged so that the electrode 22 is sandwiched between the folding mirror 25 and the partial reflection mirror 23, and the direction in which the light reflected by the partial reflection mirror 23 enters the total reflection mirror 24. Reflect on.
- the light reflected by the total reflection mirror 24 is incident on the folding mirror 25 again, and the folding mirror 25 reflects the incident light in a direction to enter the partial reflection mirror 23.
- the total length can be shortened without changing the optical path length, compared to the case where the folding mirror 25 is not used, and the size of the housing 20 can be reduced.
- the principle of the laser oscillator 11 will be described.
- a voltage is applied to the electrode 22, a discharge is generated and energy is supplied to the laser medium 21.
- the CO 2 molecules in the laser medium 21 are excited by the applied energy, and the excited CO 2 molecules emit light when transitioning to the ground state.
- the light emitted from the laser medium 21 is repeatedly reflected between the partial reflection mirror 23 and the total reflection mirror 24 and is incident on the laser medium 21 again.
- the light is amplified while the light reciprocates through the resonator composed of the partial reflection mirror 23 and the total reflection mirror 24.
- the infrared laser light L is oscillated from the partial reflection mirror 23.
- a folding mirror 25 is disposed on the optical path between the partial reflection mirror 23 and the total reflection mirror 24.
- the folding mirror 25 has a large difference between the reflectance for the S wave and the reflectance for the P wave.
- the folding mirror 25 has a high reflectance with respect to the S wave, the attenuation of the S wave is small even when the reflection of light is repeated, the reflectance with respect to the P wave is lower than the reflectance with respect to the S wave, and the reflection of light.
- the P wave is greatly attenuated while repeating the above. For this reason, the infrared laser light L oscillated from the partial reflection mirror 23 becomes linearly polarized light.
- FIG. 3 is a first configuration diagram of the reflecting member 100 that can be used as the folding mirror 25 shown in FIG.
- the reflection member 100 is an infrared laser reflection member having a high reflectance with respect to infrared laser light. Since the reflection member 100 has a lower reflectivity for the P wave than the reflectivity for the S wave, the P wave attenuates more than the S wave as the light is repeatedly reflected.
- the reflecting member 100 includes a substrate 1, a silicon oxide film 2, a metal film 3, a ZnS film 4, a Ge film 5, and a SiO film 6.
- the silicon oxide film 2, the metal film 3, the ZnS film 4, the Ge film 5, and the SiO film 6 are formed on the substrate 1 in the order described above from the side closer to the substrate 1.
- the term “film formed on the substrate 1” refers to a film formed directly on the substrate 1 and another film between the film and the substrate 1. And a membrane.
- the reflecting member 100 includes at least the substrate 1, the SiO film 6, and the metal film 3 formed between the substrate 1 and the SiO film 6.
- the substrate 1 is preferably a material having excellent corrosion resistance, such as a Si substrate or a Cu substrate. In order to prevent light diffusion, the substrate 1 is preferably mirror-finished.
- the metal film 3 is a reflective film that reflects infrared laser light.
- the metal film 3 preferably realizes a high reflectance with respect to infrared laser light in the range of 8 ⁇ m to 11 ⁇ m, which is a wavelength region mainly used in a CO 2 laser.
- the SiO film 6 is formed on the substrate 1 as the outermost layer of the reflecting member 100, for example. By forming the SiO film 6 on the substrate 1, the difference between the reflectivity for the S wave and the reflectivity for the P wave becomes large when the infrared laser light is reflected.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the refractive index n of SiO, Ge, ZnS, and SiO 2 .
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the wavelength dependence of the extinction coefficient k of SiO, Ge, ZnS, and SiO 2 .
- FIG. 17 shows the refractive index n at wavelengths of 8 to 11 ⁇ m
- FIG. 18 shows the extinction coefficient k at wavelengths of 8 to 11 ⁇ m.
- the extinction coefficient k is proportional to the absorption coefficient ⁇ and is an amount related to light absorption. Since SiO 2 is similar in composition to SiO 2 , the refractive index n and extinction coefficient k of SiO 2 are shown for reference.
- a transmission material in the wavelength range to be used is selected in order to prevent light absorption.
- Ge and ZnS are transmissive materials at wavelengths of 8 to 11 ⁇ m, and are also used in the reflecting members of Patent Documents 1 and 2.
- the SiO film 6 is a material conventionally used mainly in the visible light region, but its use is considered in the wavelength range of 8 ⁇ m to 11 ⁇ m of the infrared laser mainly used in the CO 2 laser. I did not come. SiO is a transmissive material that does not absorb light in the visible region. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 17, the extinction coefficient k of SiO at a wavelength of 8 to 11 ⁇ m is large and absorbs light, so that it has not been studied for use as a conventional functional film.
- SiO 2 is a transparent material in the visible region, like SiO. These materials may be identified because the constituent elements are the same, but as shown in FIG. 17, they have different optical constants (refractive index n, extinction coefficient k) at wavelengths of 8 to 11 ⁇ m. Material. That is, it is another substance that exhibits different functions when formed as an optical film.
- a ZnS film 4 may be formed between the metal film 3 and the SiO film 6, and a Ge film 5 may be formed between the ZnS film 4 and the SiO film 6.
- the reflectance of the reflecting member 100 with respect to the infrared laser light can be further improved.
- the reflecting member 100 may have the silicon oxide film 2 between the substrate 1 and the metal film 3.
- the silicon oxide film 2 is a SiO film, a SiO 2 (silicon dioxide) film, or a Si 2 O 3 (silicon suboxide) film.
- the substrate 1 is an Si substrate and the metal film 3 is an Au film
- the Au film is directly formed on the Si substrate, the adhesion between the Si substrate and the Au film is not sufficient, and film peeling occurs.
- Cheap Therefore, by forming the silicon oxide film 2 between the Si substrate and the Au film, the adhesion between the Si substrate and the Au film can be enhanced.
- a silicon oxide film 2 that is an oxide film is generated on the surface of the Si substrate by irradiating the surface of the Si substrate with oxide ions using a gas mainly composed of O 2. Can be made. Since the silicon oxide film 2 thus formed is formed integrally with the Si substrate, the adhesion with the Si substrate is very strong.
- the step of generating the silicon oxide film 2 is performed in a vacuum in a film forming apparatus.
- the step of forming the Au film may be performed in vacuum following the step of generating the silicon oxide film 2. Thereby, the dangling bond on the surface of the silicon oxide film 2 and the bond of the Au film are combined, and the adhesion between the silicon oxide film 2 and the Au film is also strengthened.
- the reflecting member 100 is preferably formed by a film forming apparatus having a vacuum chamber.
- Typical film forming apparatuses include a vapor deposition apparatus, a sputtering apparatus, a CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) apparatus, and the like.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a film forming apparatus used for manufacturing the reflecting member 100 shown in FIG.
- the film forming apparatus shown in FIG. 4 is a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus.
- the manufacturing method of the reflective member 100 using a vacuum evaporation system is demonstrated.
- the vacuum deposition apparatus includes a vacuum container 30 and a vacuum pump 31.
- the vacuum pump 31 evacuates the vacuum container 30.
- a vapor deposition material 32, a cooling stand 33 for installing the vapor deposition material 32, an electron gun 34 for supplying energy to the vapor deposition material 32, a shielding plate 35 for controlling a film forming process, and the substrate 1 are fixed.
- a dome 36 and an ion source 37 for irradiating ions are installed.
- a plurality of vapor deposition materials 32 and a substrate 1 housed in a crucible are prepared, the vapor deposition materials 32 are placed on a cooling table 33 in the vacuum vessel 30, and the substrate 1 is placed on a dome 36. At this time, the substrate 1 is placed with the film formation surface facing the vapor deposition material 32.
- the cooling table 33 can be provided with a plurality of crucibles. The vapor deposition material 32 used for vapor deposition is replaced by the rotation of the cooling table 33. After the deposition material 32 and the substrate 1 are installed, the vacuum vessel 31 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 31 to reduce the pressure in the vacuum vessel 30.
- the surface of the substrate 1 is irradiated with an O 2 ion beam from the ion source 37.
- An oxide film is formed on the surface of the substrate 1 by the irradiation of the O 2 ion beam.
- a step of forming the metal film 3 in vacuum is subsequently performed.
- the electron gun 34 irradiates a metal that is the vapor deposition material 32 with an electron beam to melt and evaporate the metal.
- the shielding plate 35 is closed, the space where the evaporated metal exists and the space where the substrate 1 is installed are blocked.
- the shielding plate 35 is opened and the film formation is started in a state where the evaporation amount is stable.
- the evaporated metal touches the substrate 1 installed on the dome 36, it adheres to the substrate 1 and accumulates. Thereby, the metal film 3 can be formed on the substrate 1.
- the shielding plate 35 is closed to finish the film formation.
- the vapor deposition material 32 irradiated with the electron beam from the electron gun 34 is replaced.
- the vapor deposition material 32 is replaced with ZnS.
- the step of forming the ZnS film 4 is completed, the step of forming the Ge film 5 is subsequently performed.
- the formation process of the Ge film 5 is completed, the formation process of the SiO film 6 is subsequently performed. Thereby, the SiO film 6 is formed on the metal film 3.
- the same procedure as the formation process of the metal film 3 is repeated.
- the substrate 1 is taken out from the vacuum container 30.
- each layer of the reflecting member 100 of Example 1 is referred to as a first layer, a second layer, a third layer, a fourth layer, and a fifth layer in order from the side closer to the substrate.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished circular Si substrate having a diameter of 40 mm
- the metal film 3 is an Au film
- the silicon oxide film 2 is an SiO film 6.
- the substrate is a mirror-finished circular Si substrate having a diameter of 40 mm, and an Au layer, which is a metal film, is directly formed thereon.
- a silicon oxide film, a ZnS film, a Ge film, and a SiO film Does not contain membrane.
- Comparative Example 2 The material and film thickness of each layer of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 2 are as follows. Comparative Example 2 is a configuration in which the SiO film 6 that is the outermost layer is omitted from the configuration of Example 1. 4th layer Ge 540nm Third layer ZnS 1090nm Second layer Au 200nm 1st layer SiO 10nm Substrate Si 10mm
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the optical characteristics of the reflecting member 100 of Example 1.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 2.
- the horizontal axis in FIGS. 5 to 7 represents the wavelength of light incident on the reflecting member, and the unit is ⁇ m.
- shaft of FIGS. 5-7 is the reflectance with respect to each wavelength of a reflection member, and a unit is%. The reflectivity is shown for each of the S wave and the P wave.
- the reflective member 100 of Example 1 shows that the difference between the reflectance for the S wave and the reflectance for the P wave is a comparative example. It can be seen that it is larger than 1 and Comparative Example 2. Since the reflective member of Comparative Example 2 has a configuration in which the outermost SiO film 6 is omitted from the reflective member 100 of Example 1, the difference between the reflectivity for the S wave and the reflectivity for the P wave is as follows. You can see that it is created. Further, comparing FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be seen that the reflectance of Comparative Example 2 is higher than that of Comparative Example 1 over the entire wavelength region.
- the reflective member of Comparative Example 2 has a configuration in which the SiO film, which is the silicon oxide film 2 on the substrate 1, the ZnS film 4, and the Ge film 5 are added to the reflective member of Comparative Example 1, and thus the SiO film, ZnS It can be seen that the reflectance is improved by forming the film 4 and the Ge film 5.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the reflectance of the reflecting member of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 together with the number of reflections. This table shows the reflectance with respect to light having a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m at each number of reflections.
- the reflecting member 100 When the reflecting member 100 is used in the laser oscillator 11, light is repeatedly reflected. In this case, the influence of the difference in reflectance on the characteristics of the emitted laser light is increased.
- the reflectance with respect to the S wave of the reflecting member 100 of Example 1 is 99.7%
- the reflectance with respect to the S wave of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 1 is 99.1%
- the reflectance of one reflection is The difference is 0.6%
- the reflectance of the reflecting member 100 of Example 1 with respect to the S wave is 86.1%
- the reflectance of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 1 with respect to the S wave is 63.6%.
- the difference is 22.5%.
- the reflectance with respect to the P wave of the reflecting member 100 of Example 1 is 90.4% in one reflection, and the reflectance with respect to the P wave of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 1 is 98.3%. In this case, when reflection is repeated 50 times, the reflectance of the reflecting member 100 of Example 1 with respect to the P wave is 0.6%, and the reflectance of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 1 with respect to the P wave is 42.4%.
- the P wave component is included in the oscillated laser light. It does not become linearly polarized light when mixed.
- Example 1 since the difference between the reflectance for the S wave and the reflectance for the P wave is large, the P wave is attenuated each time reflection is repeated. For this reason, when it is used as the folding mirror 25 in the laser oscillator 11, it becomes possible to oscillate linearly polarized laser light.
- the reflectance of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 2 with respect to the S wave is 99.7%, and the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 99.4%.
- Comparative Example 2 a high reflectance is achieved as in Example 1, but since the difference in reflectance between the S wave and the P wave is small, when mounted on the laser oscillator 11, linearly polarized laser light is output. Can not do it.
- each layer of the reflecting member 100 of Example 2 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-processed circular Si substrate with a diameter of 40 mm
- the metal film 3 is an Au film
- the silicon oxide film 2 is a SiO film.
- Comparative Example 3 The material and film thickness of each layer of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 3 are as follows. Comparative Example 3 is a configuration in which the SiO film that is the silicon oxide film 2 is omitted from the configuration of Example 2. 4th layer SiO 150nm 3rd layer Ge 590nm Second layer ZnS 1120nm 1st layer Au 200nm Substrate Si 10mm
- Comparative Example 4 The material and film thickness of each layer of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 4 are as follows.
- the SiO film which is the silicon oxide film 2 of Example 2
- Cr is generally used as a material that reinforces the adhesion between the substrate and the Au film.
- FIG. 9 is a table showing the durability test results of the reflective members of Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4. This table shows the results of the tape peel test, the results of the high temperature test, and the suitability for the laser oscillator.
- a circle indicates that the test result satisfies the standard, and a cross indicates that the standard is not satisfied.
- the tape peeling test is performed by a method according to MIL (MILitary Specifications and Standard) -C-48497A. In the tape peeling test, the type of tape specified by the above standard is used. After sticking the tape on the film surface of the reflecting member, the tape is pulled at once in a direction perpendicular to the film surface.
- membrane is confirmed using visual observation and a microscope.
- a round mark as a result of the tape peeling test indicates that peeling did not occur, and a cross mark indicates that peeling occurred.
- the test result is judged based on the characteristics of the reflecting member after the reflecting member is placed in a high temperature environment of 200 ° C. for 48 hours.
- the reflectance and the state of the film are measured.
- a circle in the result of the high temperature test indicates that the reflectance is equal to or higher than the threshold value, and a cross indicates that the reflectance is less than the threshold value and the optical characteristics are deteriorated.
- the suitability for the laser oscillator indicates whether or not the target reflecting member is suitable for use inside the laser oscillator.
- the suitability circle for the laser oscillator indicates that it is compatible, and the cross indicates that it is not compatible. In the example of FIG. 9, it is determined that there is compatibility when no peeling occurs as a result of the tape peeling test, and when the optical characteristics satisfy the standard as a result of the high temperature test.
- the reflecting member 100 of Example 2 did not cause peeling, and as a result of the high temperature test, the optical characteristics met the criteria. Therefore, the reflecting member 100 had compatibility as a reflecting member for a laser oscillator. It has been judged.
- the reflective member of Comparative Example 3 does not satisfy the criteria of either the tape peeling test or the high temperature test, and is determined not to have compatibility as a reflective member for a laser oscillator.
- the reflecting member of Comparative Example 3 is provided with an Au film directly on the Si substrate. When the reflecting member of Comparative Example 3 is placed in a high temperature environment, it is considered that Si is diffused from the substrate into the Au film and the reflectance is lowered.
- the reflective member of Comparative Example 4 Although the criteria for the tape peel test were satisfied, the criteria for the high temperature test were not satisfied, and it was determined that the laser oscillator was not suitable.
- a Cr film is formed between the Si substrate and the Au film. The Cr film has improved adhesion to the substrate, and the reflective member of Comparative Example 4 satisfies the criteria of the tape peeling test.
- the reflective member of Comparative Example 4 does not satisfy the high temperature test standard. This is presumably because Si and Cr diffuse into the Au film in a high temperature environment and the reflectance of the reflecting member is lowered. From the test results shown in FIG.
- the SiO film provided between the Si substrate and the Au film reinforces the adhesion between the Si substrate and the Au film in the same way as the Cr film, and the Si film does not melt even in a high temperature environment. It can be seen that it prevents diffusion into the Au film and suppresses a decrease in reflectance.
- the reflecting member 100 is formed with a SiO film between the Si substrate and the Au film, so that deterioration in performance over time can be suppressed, and durability that can withstand the internal use of the laser oscillator 11 is provided. ing.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member 100 according to the second embodiment. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 100 of Example 2 is 99.7%, and the reflectance for the P wave is 90.4%.
- each layer of the reflecting member 100 of Example 3 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished 40 mm square flat Si substrate, the metal film 3 is an Au film, and the silicon oxide film 2 is a SiO 2 film.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member 100 according to the third embodiment. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 100 of Example 3 is 99.7%, and the reflectance for the P wave is 95.1%. 5th layer SiO 50nm 4th layer Ge 540nm Third layer ZnS 920nm Second layer Au 200nm 1st layer SiO 2 10nm Substrate Si 10mm
- each layer of the reflecting member 100 of Example 4 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished 40 mm square flat Si substrate, the metal film 3 is an Au film, and the silicon oxide film 2 is a SiO 2 film.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member 100 according to the fourth embodiment. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 100 of Example 4 is 99.7%, and the reflectance for the P wave is 86.5%. 5th layer SiO 160nm 4th layer Ge 600nm Third layer ZnS 810nm Second layer Au 200nm 1st layer SiO 2 10nm Substrate Si 10mm
- each layer of the reflective member 100 of Example 5 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished 40 mm square Si substrate, the metal film 3 is an Au film, and the silicon oxide film 2 is a Si 2 O 3 film.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member 100 according to the fifth embodiment. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 100 of Example 5 is 99.6%, and the reflectance for the P wave is 85.1%.
- each layer of the reflective member of Comparative Example 5 is as follows.
- the substrate is a mirror-finished 40 mm square Si substrate, the metal film is an Au film, and a Si 2 O 3 film is formed between the Si substrate and the Au film.
- the thickness of the outermost SiO film is 340 nm, which is thicker than those of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 5. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance of the reflective member of Comparative Example 5 with respect to the S wave is 96.8%, and the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 72.6%.
- Third layer ZnS 1110nm Second layer Au 100nm First layer Si 2 O 3 15 nm
- the reflecting members 100 of Examples 2 to 5 of the present invention are different in the difference between the reflectance for S wave and the reflectance for P wave in the infrared wavelength region. It can be seen that it is as large as 1.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the reflectance of the reflecting members of Examples 2 to 5 and Comparative Example 5 together with the number of reflections.
- the reflection member 100 of Example 2 to Example 5 has a large difference between the reflectance for the S wave and the reflectance for the P wave each time reflection is repeated. For this reason, it is possible to attenuate the P wave, and it is possible to maintain a high reflectance even if the S wave is repeatedly reflected. For this reason, when the reflecting member 100 of Example 2 to Example 5 is used as the folding mirror 25 in the laser oscillator 11, it is possible to oscillate linearly polarized infrared laser light.
- the reflecting member of Comparative Example 5 has a large difference between the reflectance for the S wave and the reflectance for the P wave, and the P wave can be attenuated by repeating the reflection.
- the reflection member of the comparative example 5 is not sufficient to use the reflectivity for the S wave as the folding mirror 25 of the laser oscillator 11, and the S wave is attenuated each time the reflection is repeated. Cannot oscillate.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the durability test results of the reflective members of Example 1, Example 3, Example 4, and Example 5.
- the test contents shown in FIG. 16 are the same as those in FIG. Referring to FIG. 16, it can be seen that all of the reflecting members 100 of Examples 1, 3, 4, and 5 have durability that can withstand use in the laser oscillator 11.
- the silicon oxide film 2 is a silicon monoxide SiO film in Example 1 and Example 2, is a silicon dioxide SiO 2 film in Example 3 and Example 4, and is a silicon oxide Si 2 O 3 film in Example 5. It is. Referring to FIG. 16, it can be seen that any silicon oxide film 2 can be used to constitute the reflecting member 100 having durability that can withstand use in the laser oscillator 11.
- the film thickness of each layer of the reflecting member 100 is preferably within the following range.
- the thickness of each layer of the reflective member 100 is more preferably in the following range. 1st layer Silicon oxide film 2 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less 2nd layer Metal film 3 20 nm or more and 300 nm or less 3rd layer ZnS film 4 800 nm or more and 1200 nm or less 4th layer Ge film 5 500 nm or more and 600 nm or less 5th layer SiO film 6 20 nm or more and 200 nm Less than
- the configuration described in the above embodiment shows an example of the contents of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and can be combined with other configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change the part.
- the configuration in which the ZnS film 4 and the Ge film 5 are omitted and the configuration in which the ZnS film 4 and the Ge film 5 are replaced with films of other materials are also within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. It is. In the case where the ZnS film 4 and the Ge film 5 are replaced with films made of other materials, it is preferable to use a material that increases the reflectance with respect to infrared laser light. Alternatively, in the above embodiment, a film that enhances the adhesion between the metal film 3 and the substrate 1 may be used instead of the silicon oxide film 2.
- FIG. 19 is a second configuration diagram of the reflecting member 200 that can be used as the folding mirror 25 illustrated in FIG. 2.
- a reflective member 200 shown in FIG. 19 includes a substrate 1, a metal film 3, and a SiO film 6. The metal film 3 and the SiO film 6 are formed in the order described above from the side closer to the substrate 1.
- FIG. 20 is a third configuration diagram of the reflecting member 300 that can be used as the folding mirror 25 shown in FIG.
- a reflection member 300 shown in FIG. 20 includes a substrate 1, a metal film 3, a ZnS film 4, a Ge film 5, and a SiO film 6.
- the metal film 3, the ZnS film 4, the Ge film 5, and the SiO film 6 are formed in the order described above from the side closer to the substrate 1.
- FIG. 21 is a fourth block diagram of the reflecting member 400 that can be used as the folding mirror 25 shown in FIG.
- a reflective member 400 shown in FIG. 21 includes a substrate 1, a Cr (chromium) film 7, a metal film 3, and a SiO film 6.
- the Cr film 7, the metal film 3, and the SiO film 6 are formed in the order described above from the side closer to the substrate 1.
- the reflection member 200, the reflection member 300, and the reflection member 400 are infrared laser reflection members having a high reflectance with respect to infrared laser light, as with the reflection member 100.
- the reflective member 200, the reflective member 300, and the reflective member 400 have a reflectance for the P wave that is lower than that for the S wave. Is also greatly attenuated.
- Example 6 shown below is an example of the reflecting member 200
- Examples 7 to 10 are examples of the reflecting member 300
- Example 11 is an example of the reflecting member 400.
- each layer of the reflecting member 200 of Example 6 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished 40 mm diameter square Cu substrate, and the metal film 3 is an Au film.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member 200 of Example 6. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 200 of Example 6 is 98.8%, and the reflectance for the P wave is 86.1%.
- Example 7 The material and film thickness of each layer of the reflecting member 300 of Example 7 are as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished 40 mm diameter square Cu substrate, and the metal film 3 is an Au film.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member 300 of Example 7.
- the reflectance of the reflecting member 300 of Example 7 with respect to the S wave is 99.7%
- the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 92.0%.
- the phase difference between the P wave and the S wave in the reflecting member 300 of Example 7 is ⁇ 0.9 °.
- each layer of the reflecting member 300 of Example 8 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-processed circular Cu substrate with a diameter of 40 mm, and the metal film 3 is an Au film.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member 300 of Example 8.
- the reflectance of the reflecting member 300 of Example 8 with respect to the S wave is 99.7%
- the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 94.4%
- the phase difference between the P wave and the S wave in the reflecting member 300 of Example 8 is 0.1 °.
- each layer of the reflecting member 300 of Example 9 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-processed circular Cu substrate with a diameter of 40 mm, and the metal film 3 is an Au film.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member 300 of Example 9.
- the reflectance of the reflecting member 300 of Example 9 with respect to the S wave is 99.7%
- the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 85.4%.
- the phase difference between the P wave and the S wave in the reflecting member 300 of Example 9 is ⁇ 1.0 °.
- each layer of the reflecting member 300 of Example 10 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-processed circular Cu substrate with a diameter of 40 mm, and the metal film 3 is an Au film.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating optical characteristics of the reflecting member 300 of Example 10.
- the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 300 of Example 10 is 99.1%
- the reflectance for the P wave is 80.6%
- the phase difference between the P wave and the S wave in the reflecting member 300 of Example 10 is ⁇ 1.3 °.
- each layer of the reflecting member 400 of Example 11 is as follows.
- the substrate 1 is a mirror-finished 40 mm diameter square Cu substrate, and the metal film 3 is an Au film.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member 400 of Example 11.
- the reflectance for the S wave of the reflecting member 400 of Example 11 is 98.8%
- the reflectance for the P wave is 86.1%.
- each layer of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 6 is as follows.
- the substrate is a mirror-processed circular Cu substrate with a diameter of 40 mm, and the metal film is an Au film.
- the reflecting member of Comparative Example 6 has a configuration in which the outermost layer employs an SiO 2 film instead of the SiO film.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 6. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance of the reflective member of Comparative Example 6 with respect to the S wave is 97.7%, and the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 92.9%.
- each layer of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 7 is as follows.
- the substrate is a mirror-processed circular Cu substrate with a diameter of 40 mm, and the metal film is an Au film.
- the reflecting member of Comparative Example 7 has a configuration in which the outermost layer employs not a SiO film but a ZnS film.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 7. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 7 with respect to the S wave is 99.1%, and the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 98.2%.
- each layer of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 8 are the configurations cited in Patent Document 1.
- the substrate is a mirror-processed circular Cu substrate having a diameter of 40 mm, and the second-layer metal film is an Au film.
- the reflecting member of Comparative Example 7 has a configuration in which the outermost layer employs a Ge film instead of an SiO film. 7th layer Ge 670nm Sixth layer ZnS 1170nm 5th layer Ge 670nm Fourth layer ZnS 1170nm Third layer HfO 2 100 nm Second layer Au 300nm 1st layer Cr 100nm Substrate Cu 4mm
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing optical characteristics of the reflecting member of Comparative Example 8. At a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m, the reflectance of the reflective member of Comparative Example 8 with respect to the S wave is 99.9%, and the reflectance with respect to the P wave is 99.7%.
- FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 are diagrams showing the reflectances of the reflecting members of Examples 6 to 11 and the reflecting members of Comparative Examples 6 to 8 together with the number of reflections, respectively.
- the difference between the reflectance for the S wave and the reflectance for the P wave increases each time reflection is repeated. For this reason, it is possible to attenuate the P wave, and it is possible to maintain a high reflectance even if the S wave is repeatedly reflected.
- the reflectance of the S wave is 50% or more, and the ratio of the reflectance of the S wave and the P wave is 10 or more.
- the reflecting members 200, 300, and 400 of Embodiments 6 to 11 are used as the folding mirror 25 in the laser oscillator 11, linearly polarized infrared laser light can be oscillated.
- the reflectance with respect to the S wave decreases each time the reflection is repeated, and when the reflection is repeated 50 times, the reflectance of the S wave does not reach 40% as a guide.
- the reflection member of Comparative Example 6 does not have sufficient reflectivity for the S wave as the folding mirror 25 of the laser oscillator 11, and the S wave is attenuated each time reflection is repeated, so that the laser with sufficient intensity is used. Cannot oscillate light.
- the reflectance with respect to the S wave exceeds 40%.
- the reflectance ratio between the S wave and the P wave is approximately 1: 1, and no difference in reflectance is obtained.
- the reflecting member of Comparative Example 7 is mounted on a laser oscillator, the P-wave component is mixed with the oscillated laser light, and thus linearly polarized laser light cannot be output.
- linearly polarized laser light cannot be output for the same reason.
- FIG. 33 is a table showing the durability test results of the reflecting members of Examples 6 to 11. This table shows the results of the tape peel test, the results of the high temperature test, and the suitability for the laser oscillator.
- the reflecting members 200, 300, and 400 of Examples 6 to 11 no peeling occurred as a result of the tape peeling test, and the optical characteristics met the standard as a result of the high temperature test. It is determined that it has suitability.
- the phenomenon that the substrate element diffuses into the Au film as in the Si substrate was not observed.
- a film such as an oxide or a sulfide may be formed between the Cu substrate and the metal film in order to enhance the adhesion.
- the reflective member 300 of Examples 7 to 10 includes a substrate, a metal film, a ZnS film, a Ge film, and an SiO film, and the metal film, the ZnS film, the Ge film, and the SiO film are formed on the substrate. They are formed in the order described above from the side closer to the substrate.
- a reflecting member 300 by setting the film thickness of each layer in the following range, while obtaining a high reflectance with respect to the S wave, a difference in reflectance between the S wave and the P wave is created, and S The phase difference between the wave and the P wave can be controlled within ⁇ 1 °.
- Such a reflecting member contributes to high output and stabilization of the laser oscillator.
- First layer Metal film 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less
- Fourth layer SiO film 40 nm or more and 180 nm or less
- a linearly polarized laser oscillator having an industrially usable output can be realized by applying the reflecting member of the present invention.
- Embodiment 3 shows an example of a laser oscillator that uses at least one of the reflecting member 100, the reflecting member 200, the reflecting member 300, and the reflecting member 400 of the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is another configuration diagram of the laser oscillator 11 shown in FIG.
- the laser oscillator 11 includes a partial reflection mirror 41, an orthogonal mirror 42 for reflecting the laser light reflected by the partial reflection mirror 41 along the optical axis of the laser light, and a pair of discharge electrodes 43 and 44. And a laser gas functioning as a laser medium.
- the partial reflection mirror 41 functions as an output mirror that extracts part of the oscillated laser light to the outside as laser light 45.
- the orthogonal mirror 42 has two reflection surfaces orthogonal to each other, and a line where both reflection surfaces intersect is referred to as a “valley line” in this specification.
- the gas flow direction of the laser gas, the discharge direction of the pair of discharge electrodes 43 and 44, and the direction of the optical axis between the partial reflection mirror 41 and the orthogonal mirror 42 are orthogonal to each other.
- the direction of the laser gas flow is the x direction
- the discharge direction of the discharge electrodes 43 and 44 is the y direction
- the optical axis between the partial reflection mirror 41 and the orthogonal mirror 42 is the z direction.
- the discharge electrodes 43 and 44 are provided on the back surfaces opposite to the opposing surfaces of the dielectric plates 46 and 47, respectively, and are connected to a high-frequency power source 49 via a feeder line 48.
- a uniform glow discharge is formed.
- a laser gas is supplied between the discharge electrodes 43 and 44 in the direction indicated by the arrow 50.
- molecules or atoms in the laser gas are excited to the upper level of the laser by glow discharge, the laser amplifies the light. become.
- a mixed gas containing CO 2 molecules is used as the laser gas, laser amplification with a wavelength of 9.3 ⁇ m becomes possible by the transition between vibration levels of the CO 2 molecules.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing energy gain distribution in the laser oscillator 11 shown in FIG.
- the gain distribution along the y direction of the discharge direction is generally constant.
- the gain distribution along the x direction of the gas flow direction varies greatly depending on the position. This is because when the laser gas passes through the glow discharge 51, the upper level of the laser is sequentially accumulated as the passing time increases.
- the gain is a mountain-shaped distribution shape that is low on the gas upstream side of the glow discharge 51, is highest on the gas downstream side, and gradually decreases outside the glow discharge 51.
- the reference axis 52 is set in a direction at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the y direction that is the discharge direction, and the orthogonal mirror 42 is arranged so that the valley line of the orthogonal mirror 42 is parallel to the reference axis 52.
- the laser beam reflected by the orthogonal mirror 42 becomes equal to an image obtained by rotating a mirror-symmetric image of the incident laser beam with respect to the reference axis 52 by 90 degrees around the optical axis. That is, the influence of the gain distribution 62 along the y direction and the influence of the gain distribution 63 along the x direction can be averaged. Therefore, in such a laser oscillator 11, it is possible to stably obtain a laser beam that suppresses higher-order transverse modes in the x direction and the y direction and has excellent isotropic beam intensity.
- At least one of the two reflecting surfaces of the orthogonal mirror 42 is at least one of the reflecting members 100, 200, 300, and 400. It is.
- the reflecting member on which the Au film shown in Comparative Example 1 is formed is applied to both surfaces of the orthogonal mirror 42, a linearly polarized laser is not generated as described above. Randomly polarized laser light that cannot be called isotropic appears.
- the orthogonal type can be obtained while the laser is amplified.
- the S-wave laser light for the mirror 42 survives, and the P-wave laser light orthogonal thereto is extinguished. That is, linearly polarized laser light is realized.
- the reflecting member 100 of the present invention As described above, in order to realize the laser oscillator 11 that has sufficient output for industrial use, isotropic in beam intensity, and oscillates a linearly polarized laser, the reflecting member 100 of the present invention. , 200, 300, 400 are indispensable.
- Example 36 the reflecting members of Example 2, Example 6, Example 7, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 6, and Comparative Example 8 were applied to one surface of an orthogonal mirror and mounted on a laser oscillator to evaluate the performance. Results are shown. Here, the evaluation results are indicated by symbols ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ in order from the favorable result.
- the gas flow density and distribution inside the oscillator are actually not constant, so the optical axis is not necessarily a straight line but slightly distorted. That is, not only the S-wave component laser resonates in theory, but part of the S-wave component laser changes to the P-wave component, and the P-wave component laser resonates in the same manner as the S-wave component for a certain period of time. . For the above reason, this P wave component also changes to an S wave component when reflected by the orthogonal mirror. When the P wave returns to the S wave, if there is a phase difference between the original S wave and the P wave, the energy of the P wave is not supplied and disappears. For this reason, in order to implement
- First layer Metal film 50 nm or more and 300 nm or less
- Fourth layer SiO film 40 nm or more and 180 nm or less
- the configuration described in the above embodiment shows an example of the contents of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and can be combined with other configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change the part. According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a laser oscillator that has a sufficient output for industrial use, has an isotropic beam intensity, and oscillates a linearly polarized laser.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態に係るレーザ加工装置の構成を模式的に示す図である。レーザ加工装置10は、レーザ発振器11と、偏光変換部材12と、集光光学系13と、加工テーブル14と、駆動部15と、制御部16とを有する。
実施例1の反射部材100の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。各層は、基板に近い側から順に第1層、第2層、第3層、第4層および第5層と称する。
第5層 SiO 110nm
第4層 Ge 540nm
第3層 ZnS 1090nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 SiO 10nm
基板 Si 10mm
比較例1の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。
第1層 Au 200nm
基板 Si 10mm
比較例2の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。比較例2は、実施例1の構成から最表層であるSiO膜6を省略した構成である。
第4層 Ge 540nm
第3層 ZnS 1090nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 SiO 10nm
基板 Si 10mm
実施例2の反射部材100の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のSi基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜であり、酸化ケイ素膜2はSiO膜である。
第5層 SiO 150nm
第4層 Ge 590nm
第3層 ZnS 1120nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 SiO 10nm
基板 Si 10mm
比較例3の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。比較例3は、実施例2の構成から酸化ケイ素膜2であるSiO膜を省略した構成である。
第4層 SiO 150nm
第3層 Ge 590nm
第2層 ZnS 1120nm
第1層 Au 200nm
基板 Si 10mm
比較例4の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。比較例4は、実施例2の酸化ケイ素膜2であるSiO膜をCr膜に替えた構成である。Crは、基板とAu膜との密着力を強化する材料として一般的に用いられている。
第5層 SiO 150nm
第4層 Ge 590nm
第3層 ZnS 1120nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 Cr 10nm
基板 Si 10mm
実施例3の反射部材100の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された40mm角平板のSi基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜であり、酸化ケイ素膜2はSiO2膜である。図11は、実施例3の反射部材100の光学特性を示す図である。波長9.3μmにおいて、実施例3の反射部材100のS波に対する反射率は99.7%であり、P波に対する反射率は95.1%である。
第5層 SiO 50nm
第4層 Ge 540nm
第3層 ZnS 920nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 SiO2 10nm
基板 Si 10mm
実施例4の反射部材100の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された40mm角平板のSi基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜であり、酸化ケイ素膜2はSiO2膜である。図12は、実施例4の反射部材100の光学特性を示す図である。波長9.3μmにおいて、実施例4の反射部材100のS波に対する反射率は99.7%であり、P波に対する反射率は86.5%である。
第5層 SiO 160nm
第4層 Ge 600nm
第3層 ZnS 810nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 SiO2 10nm
基板 Si 10mm
実施例5の反射部材100の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された40mm角平板のSi基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜であり、酸化ケイ素膜2はSi2O3膜である。図13は、実施例5の反射部材100の光学特性を示す図である。波長9.3μmにおいて、実施例5の反射部材100のS波に対する反射率は99.6%であり、P波に対する反射率は85.1%である。
第5層 SiO 180nm
第4層 Ge 550nm
第3層 ZnS 1110nm
第2層 Au 100nm
第1層 Si2O3 15nm
基板 Si 10mm
比較例5の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板は鏡面加工された40mm角平板のSi基板であり、金属膜はAu膜であり、Si基板とAu膜との間にSi2O3膜が形成されている。比較例5の反射部材は、最表層のSiO膜の膜厚が、本発明の実施例1から5よりも厚い340nmである。図14は、比較例5の反射部材の光学特性を示す図である。波長9.3μmにおいて、比較例5の反射部材のS波に対する反射率は96.8%であり、P波に対する反射率は72.6%である。
第5層 SiO 340nm
第4層 Ge 550nm
第3層 ZnS 1110nm
第2層 Au 100nm
第1層 Si2O3 15nm
基板 Si 10mm
第1層 酸化ケイ素膜2 1nm以上50nm以下
第2層 金属膜3 20nm以上400nm以下
第3層 ZnS膜4 700nm以上1400nm以下
第4層 Ge膜5 450nm以上650nm以下
第5層 SiO膜6 20nm以上250nm以下
第1層 酸化ケイ素膜2 1nm以上50nm以下
第2層 金属膜3 20nm以上300nm以下
第3層 ZnS膜4 800nm以上1200nm以下
第4層 Ge膜5 500nm以上600nm以下
第5層 SiO膜6 20nm以上200nm以下
実施の形態2では、反射部材の基板としてCu(銅)を使用する例を示す。図19は、図2に示した折り返しミラー25として使用可能な反射部材200の第2の構成図である。図19に示す反射部材200は、基板1と、金属膜3と、SiO膜6とを含む。金属膜3およびSiO膜6は、基板1に近い方から、前述した順序で形成されている。
実施例6の反射部材200の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mm角平板のCu基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜である。
第2層 SiO 150nm
第1層 Au 200nm
基板 Cu 10mm
実施例7の反射部材300の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mm角平板のCu基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜である。
第4層 SiO 90nm
第3層 Ge 570nm
第2層 ZnS 930nm
第1層 Au 300nm
基板 Cu 10mm
実施例8の反射部材300の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のCu基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜である。
第4層 SiO 60nm
第3層 Ge 540nm
第2層 ZnS 1060nm
第1層 Au 100nm
基板 Cu 10mm
実施例9の反射部材300の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のCu基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜である。
第4層 SiO 170nm
第3層 Ge 530nm
第2層 ZnS 840nm
第1層 Au 100nm
基板 Cu 10mm
実施例10の反射部材300の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のCu基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜である。
第4層 SiO 230nm
第3層 Ge 530nm
第2層 ZnS 710nm
第1層 Au 100nm
基板 Cu 10mm
実施例11の反射部材400の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板1は鏡面加工された直径40mm角平板のCu基板であり、金属膜3はAu膜である。
第3層 SiO 150nm
第2層 Au 200nm
第1層 Cr 10nm
基板 Cu 10mm
比較例6の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のCu基板であり、金属膜はAu膜である。比較例6の反射部材は、最表層がSiO膜ではなく、SiO2膜を採用した構成である。
第2層 SiO2 150nm
第1層 Au 100nm
基板 Cu 10mm
比較例7の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は以下の通りである。基板は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のCu基板であり、金属膜はAu膜である。比較例7の反射部材は、最表層がSiO膜ではなく、ZnS膜を採用した構成である。
第2層 ZnS 150nm
第1層 Au 100nm
基板 Cu 10mm
比較例8の反射部材の各層の材質および膜厚は、特許文献1を引用した構成である。基板は鏡面加工された直径40mmの円形状のCu基板であり、第2層の金属膜はAu膜である。比較例7の反射部材は、最表層がSiO膜ではなく、Ge膜を採用した構成である。
第7層 Ge 670nm
第6層 ZnS 1170nm
第5層 Ge 670nm
第4層 ZnS 1170nm
第3層 HfO2 100nm
第2層 Au 300nm
第1層 Cr 100nm
基板 Cu 4mm
第2層 ZnS膜 820nm以上1080nm以下
第3層 Ge膜 520nm以上590nm以下
第4層 SiO膜 40nm以上180nm以下
実施の形態3では、本発明の反射部材100、反射部材200、反射部材300および反射部材400の少なくとも1つを使用したレーザ発振器の実施例を示す。
第2層 ZnS膜 820nm以上1080nm以下
第3層 Ge膜 520nm以上590nm以下
第4層 SiO膜 40nm以上180nm以下
Claims (15)
- 基板と、
SiO膜と、
前記基板と前記SiO膜との間に形成された金属膜と、
を備えることを特徴とする赤外レーザ用反射部材。 - 前記金属膜と前記SiO膜との間に形成されたZnS膜と、
前記ZnS膜と前記SiO膜との間に形成されたGe膜と、をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。 - 前記金属膜の膜厚は、20nm以上400nm以下であり、
前記ZnS膜の膜厚は、700nm以上1200nm以下であり、
前記Ge膜の膜厚は、450nm以上650nm以下であり、
前記SiO膜の膜厚は、20nm以上250nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。 - 前記金属膜は、Au膜であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。
- 前記基板はSi基板であり、
前記基板と前記Au膜との間に形成された酸化ケイ素膜をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。 - 前記酸化ケイ素膜の膜厚は、1nm以上50nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。
- 前記酸化ケイ素膜は、SiO膜、SiO2膜またはSi2O3膜であることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。
- 前記金属膜の膜厚は、20nm以上300nm以下であり、
前記ZnS膜の膜厚は、820nm以上1080nm以下であり、
前記Ge膜の膜厚は、520nm以上590nm以下であり、
前記SiO膜の膜厚は、40nm以上180nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材。 - 請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材を備えることを特徴とするレーザ発振器。
- 波長が8.3μm以上9.8μm以下のレーザ光を出力することを特徴とする請求項9に記載のレーザ発振器。
- 部分反射ミラーと、
互いに直交する2つの反射面を有し、前記部分反射ミラーで反射されたレーザ光を、当該レーザ光の光軸に沿って反射させる直交型ミラーと、
一対の放電電極と、
前記一対の放電電極の間に供給されてレーザ媒質として機能するレーザガスと、
を備え、
前記一対の放電電極の放電方向と、前記レーザガスのガス流方向と、前記光軸の方向とが互いに直交しており、
前記直交型ミラーは、前記直交型ミラーの前記2つの反射面が交わる線である谷線が、前記光軸に直交する面内において、前記放電方向に対して45度の角度で交差する基準軸と平行となるように配置され、
前記直交型ミラーの前記2つの反射面のうち少なくとも1つの反射面は、前記赤外レーザ用反射部材であることを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載のレーザ発振器。 - 請求項9から11のいずれか1項に記載のレーザ発振器を備えることを特徴とするレーザ加工装置。
- 基板上に金属膜を形成するステップと、
前記金属膜上にSiO膜を形成するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする赤外レーザ用反射部材の製造方法。 - 前記基板はSi基板であり、
前記金属膜はAu膜であり、
前記金属膜を形成する前に、前記基板の表面に酸化物イオンを照射して、前記基板の表面に酸化ケイ素膜を形成するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材の製造方法。 - 前記酸化ケイ素膜は、真空中で形成され、
前記金属膜は、前記酸化ケイ素膜を形成するステップに続けて真空中で形成されることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の赤外レーザ用反射部材の製造方法。
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