WO2018016465A2 - 撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料及びそれを含む光電変換素子 - Google Patents
撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料及びそれを含む光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018016465A2 WO2018016465A2 PCT/JP2017/025882 JP2017025882W WO2018016465A2 WO 2018016465 A2 WO2018016465 A2 WO 2018016465A2 JP 2017025882 W JP2017025882 W JP 2017025882W WO 2018016465 A2 WO2018016465 A2 WO 2018016465A2
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- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002469 tricosyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002061 vacuum sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel condensed polycyclic aromatic compound that can be used for a photoelectric conversion element, an imaging element, an optical sensor, an organic semiconductor device, and the like.
- organic electronic devices include organic EL elements, organic solar cell elements, organic photoelectric conversion elements, organic transistor elements, and the like.
- a flat panel display including an organic EL element is expected as a main target for next-generation display applications, and is applied to mobile phone displays, TVs, and the like, and development aimed at further enhancement of functionality is continued.
- An organic solar cell element or the like is used as a flexible and inexpensive energy source, and an organic transistor element or the like has been researched and developed for a flexible display or an inexpensive IC including the organic transistor element.
- organic photoelectric conversion elements are expected to be developed into next-generation imaging elements, and reports have been made by several groups.
- a quinacridone derivative or a quinazoline derivative is used for a photoelectric conversion element (Patent Document 4)
- Patent Document 6 a diketopyrrolopyrrole derivative
- it is considered that the performance of an image pickup device is improved by reducing dark current for the purpose of high contrast and power saving. Therefore, in order to reduce the leakage current from the photoelectric conversion unit in the dark, a method of inserting a hole block layer or an electron block layer between the photoelectric conversion unit and the electrode unit is used.
- the hole blocking layer and the electron blocking layer are generally widely used in the field of organic electronics devices, and in the laminated film constituting the device, respectively, at the interface between the electrode or the conductive film and the other film. It is a film disposed and having a function of controlling reverse movement of holes or electrons.
- the hole blocking layer and the electron blocking layer are for adjusting unnecessary hole or electron leakage, and are selected in consideration of characteristics such as heat resistance, transmission wavelength, and film forming method depending on the use of the device. Used. However, the required performance of materials especially for photoelectric conversion elements is high, and the conventional hole blocking layer or electron blocking layer has sufficient performance in terms of leakage current prevention characteristics, heat resistance to process temperature, transparency to visible light, etc. It cannot be said that it has, and has not come to be utilized commercially.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a photoelectric conversion element excellent in hole or electron leakage prevention characteristics, hole or electron transport characteristics, heat resistance to process temperature, visible light transparency, and the like.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a condensed polycyclic aromatic compound as a material that can be used in various electronic devices such as an organic transistor having excellent mobility and heat resistance.
- R 1 and R 2 independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic condensed aromatic group
- a material for a photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor comprising a compound represented by: [2]
- the compound of the formula (1) is represented by the following formula (2)
- R 1 and R 2 represent the same meaning as R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1) described in [1] above).
- Materials for photoelectric conversion elements for imaging elements [4] The photoelectric conversion element material for an imaging element according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein R 1 and R 2 represent a heterocyclic condensed aromatic group containing a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom, [5] In the above item [4], R 1 and R 2 represent a substituted or unsubstituted furan condensed aromatic group, a substituted or unsubstituted thiophene condensed aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted thiazole condensed aromatic group.
- the material for a photoelectric conversion element for an image pickup element according to the description, [6]
- a photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor comprising an element material; [9] (A) First electrode film, (B) Second electrode film, and (C) Photoelectric conversion having a photoelectric conversion unit disposed between the first electrode film and the second electrode film And (C) the photoelectric conversion part comprises at least (c-1) a photoelectric conversion layer and (c-2) an organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer, and (c-2) the photoelectric conversion layer.
- An organic thin film layer other than the layer comprises the photoelectric conversion element material for an imaging element according to any one of [1] to [6], [10] (c-2) The photoelectric conversion element for an imaging element according to the above [9], wherein the organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer is an electron block layer, [11] (c-2) The photoelectric conversion element for an imaging element according to the above [9], wherein the organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer is a hole blocking layer, [12] (c-2) The photoelectric conversion element for an imaging element according to [9], wherein the organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer is an electron transport layer, [13] (c-2) The photoelectric conversion element for an imaging element according to [9], wherein the organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer is a hole transport layer, [14] Any one of [7] to [13], further including (D) a thin film transistor having a hole accumulating portion and (E) a signal reading portion for reading a signal corresponding to the electric charge
- the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the item, [15] (D) The thin film transistor having a hole accumulating portion further includes (d) a connecting portion for electrically connecting the hole accumulating portion and one of the first electrode film and the second electrode film.
- a photoelectric conversion element can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the present invention.
- the feature of the photoelectric conversion element material for an image sensor of the present invention is that it contains a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- R 1 and R 2 in the above formula (1) independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic condensed aromatic group.
- the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) means a residue obtained by removing one hydrogen atom from the heterocyclic condensed aromatic, and specific examples thereof include a benzothienyl group, Naphthothienyl group, anthrathienyl group, benzodithienyl group, dibenzothienyl group, benzotrithienyl group, thienothienyl group, benzofuranyl group, naphthofuranyl group, anthrafuranyl group, benzodifuranyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, benzotrifuranyl group, benzo Examples include a thiazole group, a naphthothiazole group, an anthrathiazole group, a benzodithiazole group, a benzotrithiazole group, a quinolyl group, an isoquinolyl group, a benzopyrrolyl group, an indolenyl
- a heterocyclic condensed aromatic group having a thiophene ring, a furan ring or a thiazole ring as a hetero ring is preferable, a benzothienyl group, a benzofuranyl group or a benzothiazole group is more preferable, and a 2-benzo [b] thienyl group, 2 -A benzo [b] furanyl group or a 2-benzo [d] thiazole group is more preferred, and a 2-benzo [d] thiazole group is particularly preferred.
- both R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different, but are preferably the same.
- the “substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic condensed aromatic group” means a heterocyclic condensed aromatic group or a heterocyclic condensed aromatic group in which a hydrogen atom on the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group is substituted with a substituent.
- the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group has a substituent, it suffices if it has at least one substituent, and the position of substitution and the number of substituents are not particularly limited.
- substituent group having a hetero ring condensation aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 of formula (1) for example, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aromatic group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, a nitro group , Alkyl-substituted amino group, aryl-substituted amino group, unsubstituted amino group (NH 2 group), acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, cyano group, isocyano group and the like.
- the alkyl group as a substituent which the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1) has is not limited to any of linear, branched and cyclic.
- Specific examples of the alkyl group as a substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 include, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an iso-propyl group, an n-butyl group, and an iso-butyl group.
- the cyclic alkyl group is preferably a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 10 carbon atoms such as a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group, and more preferably a cyclic alkyl group having 5 to 6 carbon atoms.
- alkoxy group as the substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, an iso-propoxy group, and an n-butoxy group.
- an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- a alkoxy group is particularly preferable, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is most preferable.
- aromatic group as a substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) include not only aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, but also the above-mentioned
- the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group is preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
- the aromatic group as a substituent that the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group has may have a substituent, and the substituent that may be included is represented by R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1). The same thing as the substituent which a heterocyclic condensed aromatic group has is mentioned.
- halogen atom as the substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1) include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- the alkyl-substituted amino group as the substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) is not limited to either a monoalkyl-substituted amino group or a dialkyl-substituted amino group.
- alkyl group in the substituted amino group include the same alkyl group as the substituent that the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1) has.
- the aryl-substituted amino group as a substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) is not limited to either a monoaryl-substituted amino group or a diaryl-substituted amino group, and these aryl groups
- Examples of the aryl group in the substituted amino group include the same aromatic hydrocarbon groups described in the section of the substituent that the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1) has.
- the substituent that the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) has the substituent that the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) has
- bonded with is mentioned.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group as the substituent of the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in formula (1) has the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in formula (1).
- bonded with the carbonyl group is mentioned.
- the substituent that the heterocyclic condensed aromatic group represented by R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1) has is preferably an alkyl group, an aromatic group, a halogen atom, or an alkoxyl group, and a halogen atom or an unsubstituted aromatic group It is more preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and even more preferably a phenyl group or a biphenyl group.
- R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1) are the same substituted or unsubstituted 2-benzo [b] thienyl group, substituted or unsubstituted 2-benzo [b] furanyl group, substituted or unsubstituted It is preferably a substituted 2-benzo [d] thiazole group, both of which are the same unsubstituted benzo [b] thienyl group, unsubstituted 2-benzo [b] furanyl group or unsubstituted 2-benzo [d It is more preferable that they are thiazole groups, and it is more preferable that both are the same unsubstituted 2-benzo [d] thiazole group.
- substitution position of the phenyl group in the above formula (1) is not particularly limited, but is preferably the 2,7 position in [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene in formula (1). That is, the compound represented by the formula (1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 1 and R 2 have the same meanings as R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1), preferred ones are also the same as R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1). That is, as the compound represented by the formula (2), R 1 and R 2 in the formula (2) are preferably those in the “preferred embodiment” to the “most preferred embodiment” in the above-described formula (1).
- substitution position of R 1 and R 2 in the above formula (2) is not particularly limited, but the para position in the phenyl group substituted by [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene in formula (2) It is preferable that That is, the compound represented by the formula (2) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (3).
- R 1 and R 2 have the same meanings as R 1 and R 2 in the formula (1), preferred ones are also the same as R 1 and R 2 in Formula (1). That is, as the compound represented by the formula (3), both of R 1 and R 2 in the formula (3) are preferably in the preferred or most preferred mode in the above-described formula (1).
- the compound represented by the formula (1) can be synthesized by a known method disclosed in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 6, and Non-Patent Document 1.
- a synthesis method according to the following scheme can be mentioned.
- a benzothienobenzothiophene skeleton (D) is formed and reduced to obtain an aminated product (E).
- E aminated product
- a halide (F) iodide is described as an example of the halogen of the halide (F) in the scheme below, but is not limited thereto
- this compound (F) is further coupled with a boric acid derivative, the compound represented by the formula (1) can be obtained.
- the compound represented by Formula (1) can be manufactured in 1 step from a corresponding benzaldehyde derivative, it is more efficient.
- the purification method of the compound represented by Formula (1) is not particularly limited, and known methods such as recrystallization, column chromatography, and vacuum sublimation purification can be employed. These methods can be combined as necessary.
- the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “photoelectric conversion element”) has two (A) first electrode film and (B) second electrode film which face each other.
- the photoelectric conversion unit generates electrons and holes according to the incident light amount, and a signal according to the charge is read out by a semiconductor, and the incident light amount according to the absorption wavelength of the photoelectric conversion film unit. It is an element which shows. In some cases, a reading transistor is connected to the electrode film on which light is not incident.
- the photoelectric conversion element is an imaging element because it indicates incident position information in addition to the incident light quantity. If the photoelectric conversion element arranged closer to the light source does not shield (transmit) the absorption wavelength of the photoelectric conversion element arranged behind the light source when viewed from the light source side, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are stacked. It may be used. By laminating and using a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements having different absorption wavelengths in the visible light region, a multicolor imaging element (full color photodiode array) can be obtained.
- the material for a photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor of the present invention is used as a material for a layer constituting the (C) photoelectric conversion unit.
- the photoelectric conversion part is (c-1) from the group consisting of a photoelectric conversion layer, an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, an electron block layer, a hole block layer, a crystallization prevention layer, an interlayer contact improvement layer, and the like. It is often composed of one or a plurality of selected (c-2) organic thin film layers other than the photoelectric conversion layer.
- the photoelectric conversion element material for an image sensor of the present invention can be used for both (c-1) a photoelectric conversion layer and (c-2) an organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer. It is preferable to use for organic thin film layers other than the layer.
- the (A) first electrode film and (B) second electrode film included in the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the present invention include (C) a photoelectric conversion layer included in a (C) photoelectric conversion unit described later.
- C-2) Organic thin film layer other than photoelectric conversion layer (hereinafter, organic thin film layer other than photoelectric conversion layer is also simply referred to as “(c-2) organic thin film layer”) Is a hole transporting layer having a hole transporting property, it plays a role of collecting and collecting holes from the (c-1) photoelectric conversion layer and the (c-2) organic thin film layer,
- the organic thin film layer is an electron transporting layer having an electron transporting property
- the material that can be used for (A) the first electrode film and (B) the second electrode film is not particularly limited as long as it has a certain degree of conductivity, but the adjacent (c-1) photoelectric conversion layer (C-2) It is preferable to select in consideration of adhesion to the organic thin film layer, electron affinity, ionization potential, stability and the like.
- materials that can be used for (A) the first electrode film and (B) the second electrode film include tin oxide (NESA), indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), and indium zinc oxide (IZO).
- Conductive metal oxide metals such as gold, silver, platinum, chromium, aluminum, iron, cobalt, nickel and tungsten; inorganic conductive materials such as copper iodide and copper sulfide; conductive polymers such as polythiophene, polypyrrole and polyaniline Carbon etc. are mentioned.
- a plurality of these materials may be used as a mixture as necessary, or a plurality of these materials may be laminated in two or more layers.
- the conductivity of the material used for (A) the first electrode film and (B) the second electrode film is not particularly limited as long as it does not obstruct the light reception of the photoelectric conversion element more than necessary. From the viewpoint of power consumption, it is preferably as high as possible.
- an ITO film having a sheet resistance value of 300 ⁇ / ⁇ or less functions well as (A) the first electrode film and (B) the second electrode film, but has a conductivity of several ⁇ / ⁇ . Since a commercial product of a substrate provided with an ITO film having the above is also available, it is desirable to use a substrate having such high conductivity.
- the thickness of the ITO film (electrode film) can be arbitrarily selected in consideration of conductivity, but is usually about 5 to 500 nm, preferably about 10 to 300 nm. Examples of a method for forming a film such as ITO include conventionally known vapor deposition methods, electron beam methods, sputtering methods, chemical reaction methods, and coating methods.
- the ITO film provided on the substrate may be subjected to UV-ozone treatment, plasma treatment or the like as necessary.
- the transmittance of light incident through the transparent electrode film at the absorption peak wavelength of the photoelectric conversion layer is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and 95% or more. It is particularly preferred.
- the electrode films used between the respective photoelectric conversion layers (this is other than (A) the first electrode film and (B) the second electrode film) It is necessary to transmit light having a wavelength other than the light detected by each photoelectric conversion layer, and the electrode film is preferably made of a material that transmits 90% or more of incident light. It is more preferable to use a material that transmits at least% of light.
- the electrode film is preferably made plasma-free.
- plasma-free means that no plasma is generated when the electrode film is formed, or the distance from the plasma generation source to the substrate is 2 cm or more, preferably 10 cm or more, more preferably 20 cm or more, and reaches the substrate. It means a state where plasma is reduced.
- Examples of an apparatus that does not generate plasma when forming an electrode film include an electron beam vapor deposition apparatus (EB vapor deposition apparatus) and a pulse laser vapor deposition apparatus.
- EB vapor deposition apparatus electron beam vapor deposition apparatus
- pulse laser vapor deposition apparatus a method of forming a transparent electrode film using an EB vapor deposition apparatus is referred to as an EB vapor deposition method
- a method of forming a transparent electrode film using a pulse laser vapor deposition apparatus is referred to as a pulse laser vapor deposition method.
- a plasma-free film formation apparatus As an apparatus that can realize a state in which plasma can be reduced during film formation (hereinafter referred to as a plasma-free film formation apparatus), for example, an opposed target sputtering apparatus, an arc plasma deposition apparatus, or the like can be considered.
- the transparent conductive film is an electrode film (for example, the first conductive film)
- a DC short circuit or an increase in leakage current may occur.
- One of the causes is that fine cracks generated in the photoelectric conversion layer are covered with a dense film such as TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide), and the opposite electrode film (second conductive film) from the transparent conductive film This is thought to be due to the increased conduction between the two. Therefore, when a material having a relatively poor film quality such as Al is used for the electrode, an increase in leakage current hardly occurs.
- a material having a relatively poor film quality such as Al
- the resistance value increases rapidly.
- the sheet resistance of the conductive film in the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the present embodiment is usually 100 to 10,000 ⁇ / ⁇ , and the degree of freedom in film thickness is large.
- the thinner the transparent conductive film the smaller the amount of light that is absorbed and the higher the light transmittance. High light transmittance is very preferable because light absorbed by the photoelectric conversion layer is increased and the photoelectric conversion performance is improved.
- the (C) photoelectric conversion unit included in the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor of the present invention includes at least (c-1) a photoelectric conversion layer and (c-2) an organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer.
- An organic semiconductor film is generally used for the photoelectric conversion layer constituting the photoelectric conversion part.
- the organic semiconductor film may be a single layer or a plurality of layers. A p-type organic semiconductor film, an n-type organic semiconductor film, or a mixed film (bulk heterostructure) thereof is used.
- a buffer layer may be inserted between the layers.
- the organic semiconductor film of the photoelectric conversion layer has a triarylamine compound, a benzidine compound, a pyrazoline compound, a styrylamine compound, a hydrazone compound, a triphenylmethane compound, a carbazole compound, a polysilane compound depending on the wavelength band to be absorbed.
- the organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer constituting the photoelectric conversion unit is (c-1) a layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer, for example, an electron It is also used as a transport layer, a hole transport layer, an electron block layer, a hole block layer, a crystallization prevention layer, an interlayer contact improvement layer, or the like.
- a thin film layers selected from the group consisting of an electron transport layer, a hole transport layer, an electron block layer and a hole block layer an element capable of efficiently converting into an electric signal even with weak light energy can be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable.
- the electron transport layer has (c-1) a role of transporting electrons generated in the photoelectric conversion layer to (A) the first electrode film or (B) the second electrode film, and (c) -1) Plays the role of blocking the movement of holes to the photoelectric conversion layer.
- the hole transport layer has the role of transporting the generated holes from (c-1) the photoelectric conversion layer to (A) the first electrode film or (B) the second electrode film, and the hole transport destination electrode film (C-1) serves to block the movement of electrons to the photoelectric conversion layer.
- the electron blocking layer prevents movement of electrons from (A) the first electrode film or (B) second electrode film to (c-1) the photoelectric conversion layer, and (c-1) It serves to prevent recombination and reduce dark current.
- the hole blocking layer prevents the movement of holes from (A) the first electrode film or (B) the second electrode film to (c-1) the photoelectric conversion layer, and (c-1) It has a function of preventing recombination at the time and reducing dark current.
- the hole blocking layer is formed by laminating or mixing two or more hole blocking substances.
- the hole blocking substance is not limited as long as it is a compound that can prevent holes from flowing out of the element from the electrode.
- phenanthroline derivatives such as bathophenanthroline and bathocuproin, silole derivatives, quinolinol derivative metal complexes, oxadiazole derivatives , An oxazole derivative, a quinoline derivative, and the like. Among these, one or more of them can be used.
- the organic thin film layer other than the (c-2) photoelectric conversion layer containing the compound represented by the general formula (1) can be particularly preferably used as a hole blocking layer.
- the hole blocking layer is preferably thicker, but from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient amount of current at the time of signal readout at the time of light incidence, the thinner film thickness is preferable. .
- (c-1) the photoelectric conversion layer and (c-2) the organic thin film layer other than the photoelectric conversion layer is included.
- the thickness is preferably about 500 nm.
- the function of the layer in which the compound represented by the general formula (1) is used varies depending on what other compound is used for the photoelectric conversion element.
- the hole blocking layer and the electron blocking layer are preferably (c-1) high in transmittance of the absorption wavelength of the photoelectric conversion layer so as not to prevent light absorption of the photoelectric conversion layer, and used in a thin film. preferable.
- the thin film transistor outputs a signal to the signal reading unit based on the electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion unit.
- the thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, an active layer, a source electrode, and a drain electrode, and the active layer is formed of a silicon semiconductor, an oxide semiconductor, or an organic semiconductor.
- an active layer used for a thin film transistor is formed of an oxide semiconductor, charge mobility is much higher than that of an amorphous silicon active layer, and it can be driven at a low voltage.
- an oxide semiconductor particularly an amorphous oxide semiconductor, can be uniformly formed at a low temperature (for example, room temperature), and thus is particularly advantageous when a flexible resin substrate such as a plastic is used.
- the lower secondary light receiving pixels are affected when the upper secondary light receiving pixels are formed.
- the photoelectric conversion layer is easily affected by heat, but an oxide semiconductor, particularly an amorphous oxide semiconductor, is advantageous because it can be formed at a low temperature.
- an oxide containing at least one of In, Ga, and Zn (for example, an In—O system) is preferable, and at least two of In, Ga, and Zn are used.
- Oxides containing eg, In—Zn—O, In—Ga—O, and Ga—Zn—O
- oxides containing In, Ga, and Zn are more preferable.
- As the In—Ga—Zn—O-based oxide semiconductor an oxide semiconductor whose composition in a crystalline state is represented by InGaO 3 (ZnO) m (m is a natural number less than 6) is preferable, and InGaZnO 4 is particularly preferable.
- As an amorphous oxide semiconductor having this composition the electron mobility tends to increase as the electrical conductivity increases.
- the signal reading unit reads a charge generated and accumulated in the photoelectric conversion unit or a voltage corresponding to the charge.
- FIG. 1 illustrates in detail a typical element structure of a photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these structures.
- 1 is an insulating part
- 2 is one electrode film (upper electrode, first electrode film or second electrode film)
- 3 is an electron block layer (or hole transport layer)
- 4 Is a photoelectric conversion layer
- 5 is a hole blocking layer (or electron transport layer)
- 6 is the other electrode film (lower electrode, second electrode film or first electrode film)
- 7 is an insulating substrate or other photoelectric conversion
- Each element is represented.
- the readout transistor (not shown in the drawing) only needs to be connected to either the electrode film 2 or 6, for example, if the photoelectric conversion layer 4 is transparent, the side opposite to the light incident side
- the film may be formed outside the electrode film (on the upper side of the electrode film 2 or on the lower side of the electrode film 6). If the thin film layer (electron block layer, hole block layer, etc.) other than the photoelectric conversion layer constituting the photoelectric conversion element does not extremely shield the absorption wavelength of the photoelectric conversion layer, the direction in which light is incident is the upper side (Fig. 1 on the insulating portion 1 side) or the lower portion (the insulating substrate 7 side in FIG. 1).
- the method for forming an organic thin film layer other than the (c-1) photoelectric conversion layer and the (c-2) photoelectric conversion layer in the photoelectric conversion element for an image pickup device of the present invention is generally a resistance heating vapor deposition which is a vacuum process. Electron beam deposition, sputtering, molecular lamination method, solution process casting, spin coating, dip coating, blade coating, wire bar coating, spray coating and other coating methods, inkjet printing, screen printing, offset printing, letterpress printing, etc. A soft lithography technique such as a printing method or a microcontact printing method, or a combination of these techniques may be employed.
- each layer depends on the resistance value and charge mobility of each substance and cannot be limited, but is usually in the range of 1 to 5000 nm, preferably in the range of 3 to 1000 nm, more preferably in the range of 5 to 500 nm. Range.
- the block layer described in the examples may be either a hole block layer or an electron block layer.
- Production of the photoelectric conversion element is performed with a vapor deposition machine integrated with the glove box, and the produced photoelectric conversion element is placed in a sealed bottle-type measurement chamber (manufactured by ALS Technology Co., Ltd.) in a glove box in a nitrogen atmosphere. It installed, and applied measurement of the current voltage was performed. Current voltage application measurements were performed using a semiconductor parameter analyzer 4200-SCS (Keithley Instruments) unless otherwise specified.
- Irradiation of incident light was performed using PVL-3300 (manufactured by Asahi Spectroscope) at an irradiation light wavelength of 550 nm and an irradiation light half width of 20 nm unless otherwise specified.
- the light / dark ratio in the examples indicates a value obtained by dividing the current value in the case of light irradiation by the current value in a dark place.
- Step 2 Synthesis of 2- (4- (benzo [b] furan-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane) Toluene (240 parts), 2- (4-bromophenyl) benzo [b] furan (5.0 parts) obtained in Step 1, bis (pinacolato) diboron (5.6 parts), potassium acetate (3. 5 parts) and [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct (0.5 parts) were mixed and stirred at reflux temperature for 4 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Step 3 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] furan-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (200 parts), water (6.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene synthesized by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 4945757 (3. 0 part), 2- (4- (benzo [b] furan-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (5.
- tripotassium phosphate (20 parts) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0.4 parts) were mixed and stirred at 90 ° C. for 6 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling the obtained reaction liquid to room temperature, water (200 parts) was added and solid content was separated by filtration. The obtained solid content was washed with acetone and dried, followed by purification by sublimation, whereby No. in the above specific example. 1 (2.0 parts, 50% yield) was obtained.
- Step 5 Synthesis of 2- (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane)
- 2- (4-bromophenyl) benzo [b] thiophene 5.3 parts
- bis (pinacolato) diboron 5.6 parts
- potassium acetate 3 parts
- [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct 0.5 part
- Step 6 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (170 parts), water (5.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (2. 6 parts), 2- (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (4.
- tripotassium phosphate (18 parts) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0.35 parts) were mixed and stirred at 90 ° C. for 6 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling the obtained reaction liquid to room temperature, water (170 parts) was added and solid content was separated by filtration. The obtained solid content was washed with acetone and dried, followed by purification by sublimation, whereby No. in the above specific example. 5 (1.6 parts, yield 46%) represented by 5 was obtained.
- Step 8 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [d] thiazol-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (170 parts), water (5.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (2. 6 parts), 2- (4- (4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaboran-2-yl) phenyl) benzo [d] thiazole (4.5) obtained in Step 7.
- tripotassium phosphate (18 parts) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (0.35 parts) were mixed and stirred at 90 ° C. for 6 hours in a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling the obtained reaction liquid to room temperature, water (170 parts) was added and solid content was separated by filtration. The obtained solid content was washed with acetone and dried, followed by purification by sublimation, whereby No. in the above specific example. 29 was obtained (1.8 parts, yield 52%).
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, solid content was separated by filtration, and a filtrate containing the product was obtained. Subsequently, the residue is purified by short silica gel column chromatography (developing solution; toluene), and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give 2- (benzo [b] thiophen-5-yl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl. -1,3,2-dioxaborolane (11.7 parts, yield 96%) was obtained.
- Step 10 Synthesis of 5- (4-bromophenyl) benzo [b] thiophene
- 2- (benzo [b] thiophen-5-yl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (11.5 parts) obtained in Step 9 was added.
- 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene (12.5 parts), tripotassium phosphate (18.7 parts) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (1.6 parts).
- the obtained reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, water (200 parts) was added, and solid content was collected by filtration.
- the obtained solid was washed with water and methanol in this order to obtain 5- (4-bromophenyl) benzo [b] thiophene (12.0 parts, yield 94%).
- Step 11 Synthesis of 2- (4- (5-benzo [b] thienyl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane)
- 5- (4-bromophenyl) benzo [b] thiophene (12.0 parts), bis (pinacolato) diboron (14.5 parts), potassium acetate (9. 3 parts) and [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct (1.2 parts) were mixed and stirred at reflux temperature for 4 hours under nitrogen atmosphere.
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, solid content was separated by filtration, and a filtrate containing the product was obtained. Subsequently, the residue was purified by short silica gel column chromatography (developing solution; toluene), and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The obtained pale orange solid was washed with methanol to give 2- (4- (5-benzo [b] thienyl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane ( 7.4 parts, yield 53%).
- Step 12 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (5-benzo [b] thienyl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (200 parts), water (10.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene synthesized by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 4945757 (3.
- Step 14 Synthesis of 2- (4- (naphth [1,2-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane)
- 2- (4-bromophenyl) naphtho [1,2-b] thiophene 2.8 parts
- bis (pinacolato) diboron 2.5 parts
- acetic acid obtained in Step 13.
- Potassium (1.6 parts) and [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct (0.22 parts) were mixed and stirred at reflux temperature for 4 hours under nitrogen atmosphere. did.
- Step 15 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (naphtho [1,2-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (100 parts), water (2.6 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (1. 2), 2- (4- (naphtho [1,2-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-obtained in step 14.
- Step 16 (Synthesis of 2- (4-bromophenyl) naphtho [2,3-b] thiophene) Instead of 2- (naphth [1,2-b] thiophen-2-yl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane, 2- (synthesized by a known method) By synthesizing according to Step 13 except that naphtho [2,3-b] thiophen-2-yl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane was used, 2- (4-Bromophenyl) naphtho [2,3-b] thiophene (3.5 parts, 55% yield) was obtained.
- Step 17 Synthesis of 2- (4- (naphth [2,3-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane) Except that 2- (4-bromophenyl) naphtho [2,3-b] thiophene obtained in Step 16 was used instead of 2- (4-bromophenyl) naphtho [1,2-b] thiophene.
- Step 18 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (naphtho [2,3-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) Instead of 2- (4- (naphth [1,2-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane Step 15 except that 2- (4- (naphth [2,3-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane was used.
- 2- (4- (naphth [2,3-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane was used.
- Step 20 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [d] oxazol-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (430 parts), water (11 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (4.9 parts) synthesized by the method described in Japanese Patent No.
- Step 22 Synthesis of 2- (5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane) Tetrahydrofuran (300 parts) was mixed with 5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophene (12.6 parts) obtained in Step 21.
- a normal butyllithium hexane solution (2.6 M, 28 parts) was added to the mixture cooled to 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- Isopropoxyboronic acid pinacol (16 parts) was added to the resulting mixture and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours.
- Step 23 (Synthesis of 2- (4-bromophenyl) -5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophene) DMF (300 parts), water (8.0 parts), 2- (5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1 obtained in step 22 , 3,2-dioxaborolane (10 parts), 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene (8.4 parts), tripotassium phosphate (36 parts) and tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (1.0 parts) And stirred at 70 ° C. for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, water (300 parts) was added, and solid content was collected by filtration. The obtained solid was washed with water and methanol in this order to obtain 2- (4-bromophenyl) -5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophene (9.2 parts, yield 85%).
- Step 24 Synthesis of 2- (4- (5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane)
- 2- (4-bromophenyl) -5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophene 8.5 parts
- bis (pinacolato) diboron 6.9 parts
- acetic acid obtained in Step 23.
- Potassium (4.4 parts) and [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct (0.64 parts) were mixed and stirred at reflux temperature for 6 hours under nitrogen atmosphere.
- Step 25 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (200 parts), water (5.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (1.) synthesized by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 4945757.
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, solid content was separated by filtration, and a filtrate containing the product was obtained. Subsequently, the product is purified by short silica gel column chromatography (developing solution; toluene), and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give 2- (3-dibenzo [b, d] furan) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl. -1,3,2-dioxaborolane (3.8 parts, yield 64%) was obtained.
- Step 27 Synthesis of 3- (4-bromophenyl) dibenzo [b, d] furan
- the obtained reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, water (200 parts) was added, and solid content was collected by filtration.
- the obtained solid was washed with water and methanol in this order to obtain 3- (4-bromophenyl) dibenzo [b, d] furan (2.7 parts, yield 64%).
- Step 28 Synthesis of 2- (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] furan) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane)
- Toluene 50 parts was added 3- (4-bromophenyl) dibenzo [b, d] furan (2.7 parts) obtained in Step 27, bis (pinacolato) diboron (2.5 parts), potassium acetate ( 1.6 parts) and [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct (0.2 parts) were mixed and stirred at reflux temperature for 8 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere.
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, solid content was separated by filtration, and a filtrate containing the product was obtained. Subsequently, 2- (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] furan) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- is purified by short silica gel column chromatography (developing solution; toluene). 1,3,2-dioxaborolane (2.8 parts, 90% yield) was obtained.
- Step 29 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] furan) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (80 parts), water (8.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (1. 5 parts), 2- (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] furan) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (2.
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, solid content was separated by filtration, and a filtrate containing the product was obtained. Subsequently, the residue is purified by short silica gel column chromatography (developing solution: toluene), and the solvent is removed under reduced pressure to give 2- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl. -1,3,2-dioxaborolane (2.3 parts, 39% yield) was obtained.
- Step 31 Synthesis of 3- (4-bromophenyl) dibenzo [b, d] thiophene
- 2- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (2.3 parts) obtained in Step 30 was added.
- 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene 2.1 parts
- tripotassium phosphate 3.0 parts
- tetrakis triphenylphosphine
- Step 32 (Synthesis of 2- (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane)
- Toluene 50 parts was added 3- (4-bromophenyl) dibenzo [b, d] thiophene (2.5 parts), bis (pinacolato) diboron (2.2 parts), potassium acetate ( 1.4 parts) and [1,1′-bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene] palladium (II) dichloride dichloromethane adduct (0.2 parts) were mixed and stirred at reflux temperature for 8 hours under nitrogen atmosphere.
- reaction liquid was cooled to room temperature, solid content was separated by filtration, and a filtrate containing the product was obtained. Subsequently, 2- (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl- is purified by short silica gel column chromatography (developing solution; toluene). 1,3,2-dioxaborolane (2.0 parts, 71% yield) was obtained.
- Step 33 Synthesis of 2,7-bis (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene) DMF (60 parts), water (8.0 parts), 2,7-diiodo [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (1. benzothiophene) synthesized by the method described in Japanese Patent No. 4945757. 0 part), 2- (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) phenyl) -4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (2.
- Example 1 (Production of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) An ITO transparent conductive glass (manufactured by Geomat Co., Ltd., ITO film thickness: 150 nm) and 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [ 1] Benzothiophene (the compound represented by No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) was deposited as a block layer to a thickness of 50 nm by resistance heating vacuum deposition. Next, quinacridone was formed into a 100 nm vacuum film as a photoelectric conversion layer on the block layer.
- Example 2 (Production of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) Instead of 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] furan-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (in Synthesis Example 1) Except for using the compound represented by No. 1 obtained), the evaluation was carried out according to Example 1. As a result, the contrast ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 4.2 ⁇ 10 5. It was.
- Example 3 (Production of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [d] thiazol-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (in Synthesis Example 3) Except that the obtained compound represented by No. 29) was used, the evaluation was performed according to Example 1. As a result, the contrast ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 2.5 ⁇ 10 5. It was.
- Example 4 (Preparation of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) 2,7-bis (4- (5-benzo [b] thienyl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (obtained in Synthesis Example 4)
- the contrast ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 5.0 ⁇ 10 5 .
- Example 5 (Preparation of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) Instead of 2,7-bis (4- (naphtho [1,2-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene ( Except for using the compound represented by No. 69 obtained in Synthesis Example 5), the evaluation was performed according to Example 1, and the light-to-dark ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 8.4 ⁇ . 10 5 .
- Example 6 (Production of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) Instead of 2,7-bis (4- (naphtho [2,3-b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene ( Except for using the compound represented by No. 20 obtained in Synthesis Example 6), the evaluation was performed according to Example 1, and the light / dark ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 4.5 ⁇ . 10 5 .
- Example 7 (Production of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [d] oxazol-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (in Synthesis Example 7) Except for using the compound represented by No. 30 obtained), the evaluation was performed according to Example 1. As a result, the contrast ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 3.5 ⁇ 10 5. It was.
- Example 8 (Preparation of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) 2,7-bis (4- (5-phenylbenzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (synthesis) Except that the compound represented by No. 83 obtained in Example 8) was used, the evaluation was performed according to Example 1. As a result, the contrast ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 1.0 ⁇ 10. 6 .
- Example 9 (Preparation of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) Instead of 2,7-bis (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] furan) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (in Synthesis Example 9) Except for using the compound represented by No. 72 obtained), the evaluation was carried out according to Example 1, and the light / dark ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 1.2 ⁇ 10 5. It was.
- Example 10 (Preparation of photoelectric conversion element and evaluation thereof) 2,7-bis (4- (benzo [b] thiophen-2-yl) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (shown as No. 5 obtained in Synthesis Example 2) Instead of 2,7-bis (4- (3-dibenzo [b, d] thiophene) phenyl) [1] benzothieno [3,2-b] [1] benzothiophene (in Synthesis Example 10) Except for using the obtained compound represented by No. 71), the evaluation was carried out according to Example 1. As a result, the contrast ratio when a voltage of 5 V was applied was 9.2 ⁇ 10 5. It was.
- the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor according to the example including the material for the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor of the present invention including the compound represented by the formula (1) is the photoelectric sensor for the image sensor of the comparative example. Obviously, it has better properties than the conversion element.
- the photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor including the material for a photoelectric conversion element for an image sensor of the present invention including the compound represented by the formula (1) has excellent performance in organic photoelectric conversion characteristics.
- Organic imaging devices such as organic EL devices, organic solar cell devices, and organic transistor devices, optical sensors, infrared sensors, ultraviolet sensors, X-ray sensors, and photon counters as well as organic imaging devices with high resolution and high responsiveness Applications to fields such as devices, cameras using them, video cameras, infrared cameras, etc. are expected.
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Abstract
Description
即ち、本発明は、下記の通りである。
[1]下記式(1)
[2]式(1)の化合物が下記式(2)
[3]式(2)の化合物が下記式(3)
[4]R1及びR2が、硫黄原子又は酸素原子を含むヘテロ環縮合芳香族基を表す前項[1]及至[3]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料、
[5]R1及びR2が、置換若しくは無置換のフラン縮合芳香族基、置換若しくは無置換のチオフェン縮合芳香族基、又は置換若しくは無置換のチアゾール縮合芳香族基を表す前項[4]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料、
[6]R1及びR2が、置換若しくは無置換のベンゾ[b]フラン、置換若しくは無置換のベンゾ[b]チオフェン、又は置換若しくは無置換の2-ベンゾ[d]チアゾール基を表す前項[5]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料、
[7]前項[1]及至[6]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料を含んでなる撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[8]p型有機半導体材料とn型有機半導体材料を有する光電変換素子であって、p型有機半導体材料が前項[1]及至[6]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料を含んでなる撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[9](A)第一の電極膜、(B)第二の電極膜及び該第一の電極膜と該第二の電極膜の間に配置された(C)光電変換部を有する光電変換素子であって、該(C)光電変換部が少なくとも(c-1)光電変換層及び(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層を含んでなり、かつ該(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が前項[1]乃至[6]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料を含んでなる撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[10](c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が電子ブロック層である前項[9]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[11](c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が正孔ブロック層である前項[9]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[12](c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が電子輸送層である前項[9]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[13](c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が正孔輸送層である前項[9]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[14]更に、(D)正孔蓄積部を有する薄膜トランジスタ及び(E)該薄膜トランジスタ内に蓄積された電荷に応じた信号を読み取る信号読み取り部を有する前項[7]乃至[13]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[15](D)正孔蓄積部を有する薄膜トランジスタが、更に(d)正孔蓄積部と第一の電極膜及び第二の電極膜のいずれか一方とを電気的に接続する接続部を有する前項[14]に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子、
[16]前項[7]及至[15]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子を複数アレイ状に配置した撮像素子、及び
[17]前項[7]及至[15]のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子又は前項[16]に記載の撮像素子を含む光センサー。
式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基に制限はないが、例えばアルキル基、アルコキシ基、芳香族基、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、ニトロ基、アルキル置換アミノ基、アリール置換アミノ基、非置換アミノ基(NH2基)、アシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、シアノ基、イソシアノ基等が挙げられる。
式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としてのハロゲン原子の具体例としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子が挙げられる。
式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としてのアルキル置換アミノ基は、モノアルキル置換アミノ基及びジアルキル置換アミノ基の何れにも制限されず、これらアルキル置換アミノ基におけるアルキル基としては、式(1)のR1及びR2表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としてのアルキル基と同じものが挙げられる。
式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としてのアシル基としては、式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基の項に記載した芳香族炭化水素基又は式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基の項に記載したアルキル基が、カルボニル基(=CO基)と結合した置換基が挙げられる。
式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としてのアルコキシカルボニル基としては、式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としてのアルコキシ基がカルボニル基と結合した置換基が挙げられる。
式(1)のR1及びR2が表すヘテロ環縮合芳香族基が有する置換基としては、アルキル基、芳香族基、ハロゲン原子又はアルコキシル基であることが好ましく、ハロゲン原子又は無置換の芳香族炭化水素基であることがより好ましく、フェニル基又はビフェニル基であることが更に好ましい。
即ち、式(2)で表される化合物としては、式(2)におけるR1及びR2の両者が、上記した式(1)における「好ましい態様」乃至「最も好ましい態様」のものが好ましい。
即ち、式(3)で表される化合物としては、式(3)におけるR1及びR2の両者が、上記した式(1)における好ましい乃至最も好ましい態様のものが好ましい。
(C)光電変換部は、(c-1)光電変換層と、電子輸送層、正孔輸送層、電子ブロック層、正孔ブロック層、結晶化防止層及び層間接触改良層等からなる群より選択される一種又は複数種の(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層とからなることが多い。本発明の撮像素子用光電変換素子材料は(c-1)光電変換層及び(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層のいずれにも用いることができるが、(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層に用いることが好ましい。
(C)光電変換部を構成する(c-1)光電変換層には一般的に有機半導体膜が用いられるが、その有機半導体膜は一層、又は複数の層であってもよく、一層の場合は、p型有機半導体膜、n型有機半導体膜、又はそれらの混合膜(バルクヘテロ構造)が用いられる。一方、複数の層である場合は、一般的に2乃至10層程度であり、p型有機半導体膜、n型有機半導体膜、又はそれらの混合膜(バルクヘテロ構造)のいずれかを積層した構造であり、層間にバッファ層が挿入されていてもよい。
正孔輸送層は、発生した正孔を(c-1)光電変換層から(A)第一の電極膜又は(B)第二の電極膜へ輸送する役割と、正孔輸送先の電極膜から(c-1)光電変換層に電子が移動するのをブロックする役割とを果たす。
電子ブロック層は、(A)第一の電極膜又は(B)第二の電極膜から(c-1)光電変換層への電子の移動を妨げ、(c-1)光電変換層内での再結合を防ぎ、暗電流を低減する役割を果たす。
正孔ブロック層は、(A)第一の電極膜又は(B)第二の電極膜から(c-1)光電変換層への正孔の移動を妨げ、(c-1)光電変換層内での再結合を防ぎ、暗電流を低減する機能を有する。
正孔ブロック層は正孔阻止性物質を単独又は二種類以上積層する、又は混合することにより形成される。正孔阻止性物質としては、正孔が電極から素子外部に流出するのを阻止することができる化合物であれば限定されない。正孔ブロック層に使用することができる化合物としては、上記一般式(1)で表される化合物の他に、バソフェナントロリン及びバソキュプロイン等のフェナントロリン誘導体、シロール誘導体、キノリノール誘導体金属錯体、オキサジアゾール誘導体、オキサゾール誘導体、キノリン誘導体などが挙げられ、これらのうち、一種又は二種以上を用いることができる。
また、正孔ブロック層及び電子ブロック層は、(c-1)光電変換層の光吸収を妨げないために、光電変換層の吸収波長の透過率が高いことが好ましく、また薄膜で用いることが好ましい。
実施例中に記載のブロック層は正孔ブロック層及び電子ブロック層のいずれでもよい。光電変換素子の作製はグローブボックスと一体化した蒸着機で行い、作製した光電変換素子は窒素雰囲気のグローブボックス内で密閉式のボトル型計測チャンバー(株式会社エイエルエステクノロジー製)に光電変換素子を設置し、電流電圧の印加測定を行った。電流電圧の印加測定は、特に指定のない限り、半導体パラメータアナライザ4200-SCS(ケースレーインスツルメンツ社)を用いて行った。入射光の照射は、特に指定のない限り、PVL-3300(朝日分光社製)を用い、照射光波長550nm、照射光半値幅20nmにて行った。実施例中の明暗比は光照射を行った場合の電流値を暗所での電流値で割ったものを示す。
工程1(2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]フランの合成)
DMF(920部)に、一般に入手可能なベンゾ[b]フラン-2-イルボロン酸(14.8部)、パラ-ブロモヨードベンゼン(25.8部)、リン酸三カリウム(110部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(2.8部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、90℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(920部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をメタノールで洗浄し乾燥することにより、2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]フラン(6.6部、収率26%)を得た。
トルエン(240部)に、工程1で得られた2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]フラン(5.0部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(5.6部)、酢酸カリウム(3.5部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.5部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、シリカゲル20部を加え、5分間撹拌した。その後、固形分をろ別し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより2-(4-(ベンゾ[b]フラン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(5.2部、収率88%)を得た。
DMF(200部)に、水(6.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(3.0部)、工程2で得られた2-(4-(ベンゾ[b]フラン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(5.0部)、リン酸三カリウム(20部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.4部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、90℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(200部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトンで洗浄し乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.1で表される化合物(2.0部、収率50%)を得た。
工程4(2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェンの合成)
DMF(300部)に、一般に入手可能なベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イルボロン酸(5.0部)、パラ―ブロモヨードベンゼン(7.9部)、リン酸三カリウム(34部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.84部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、90℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(300部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をメタノールで洗浄し乾燥することにより、2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェン(5.7部、収率70%)を得た。
トルエン(240部)に、工程例4で得られた2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェン(5.3部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(5.6部)、酢酸カリウム(3.5部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.5部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、シリカゲル20部を加え、5分間撹拌した。その後、固形分をろ別し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより2-(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(4.5部、収率73%)を得た。
DMF(170部)に、水(5.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(2.6部)、工程5で得られた2-(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(4.5部)、リン酸三カリウム(18部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.35部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、90℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(170部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトンで洗浄し乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.5で表される化合物(1.6部、収率46%)を得た。
工程7(2-(4-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボラン-2-イル)フェニル)ベンゾ[d]チアゾールの合成)
トルエン(240部)に、一般に入手可能な2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[d]チアゾール(5.3部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(5.6部)、酢酸カリウム(3.5部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.5部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、シリカゲル20部を加え、5分間撹拌した。その後、固形分をろ別し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより2-(4-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボラン-2-イル)フェニル)ベンゾ[d]チアゾール(4.9部、収率80%)を得た。
DMF(170部)に、水(5.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(2.6部)、工程7で得られた2-(4-(4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボラン-2-イル)フェニル)ベンゾ[d]チアゾール(4.5部)、リン酸三カリウム(18部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.35部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、90℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(170部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトンで洗浄し乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.29で表される化合物(1.8部、収率52%)を得た。
工程9(2-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-5-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの合成)
トルエン(200部)に、5-ブロモベンゾ[b]チオフェン(10.0部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(14.3部)、酢酸カリウム(9.2部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(1.1部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で2時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、固形分をろ別し、生成物を含むろ液を得た。次いで、ショートシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開液;トルエン)にて精製し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより、2-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-5-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(11.7部、収率96%)を得た。
DMF(230部)に、工程9で得られた2-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-5-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(11.5部)、1-ブロモ-4-ヨードベンゼン(12.5部)、リン酸三カリウム(18.7部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(1.6部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で2時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、水(200部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分を水、メタノールの順序で洗浄することで、5-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェン(12.0部、収率94%)を得た。
トルエン(200部)に、工程10で得られた5-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[b]チオフェン(12.0部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(14.5部)、酢酸カリウム(9.3部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(1.2部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、固形分をろ別し、生成物を含むろ液を得た。次いで、ショートシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開液;トルエン)にて精製し、溶媒を減圧除去した。得られた淡橙色固体をメタノールで洗浄することで、2-(4-(5-ベンゾ[b]チエニル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(7.4部、収率53%)を得た。
DMF(200部)に、水(10.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(3.7部)、工程11で得られた2-(4-(5-ベンゾ[b]チエニル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(6.3部)、リン酸三カリウム(6.4部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.5部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(150部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトン、DMFで洗浄し、乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.23で表される化合物(2.0部、収率51%)を得た。
工程13(2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェンの合成)
DMF(190部)に、公知の方法により合成された2-(ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン-2-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(6.0部)、パラ―ブロモヨードベンゼン(5.5部)、水(5.0部)、リン酸三カリウム(22.9部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.6部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、70℃で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(190部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をメタノールで洗浄し乾燥することにより、2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン(3.0部、収率47%)を得た。
トルエン(110部)に、工程13で得られた2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン(2.8部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(2.5部)、酢酸カリウム(1.6部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.22部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、シリカゲル20部を加え、5分間撹拌した。その後、固形分をろ別し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより2-(4-(ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.2部、収率69%)を得た。
DMF(100部)に、水(2.6部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(1.2部)、工程14で得られた2-(4-(ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.0部)、リン酸三カリウム(8.1部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.2部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で5時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(100部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトンで洗浄し乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.69で表される化合物(0.4部、収率26%)を得た。
工程16(2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェンの合成)
2-(ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン-2-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの代わりに、公知の方法により合成された2-(ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン-2-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランを使用したこと以外は工程13に準じて合成を行うことで、2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン(3.5部、収率55%)を得た。
2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェンの代わりに、工程16で得られた2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェンを使用したこと以外は工程14に準じて合成を行うことで、2-(4-(ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(3.7部、収率58%)を得た。
2-(4-(ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの代わりに、工程17で得られた2-(4-(ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランを使用したこと以外は工程15に準じて合成を行うことで、上記具体例のNo.20で表される化合物(0.6部、収率39%)を得た。
工程19(2-(ベンソ[d]オキサゾール-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの合成)
トルエン(500部)に、2-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゾ[d]オキサゾール(10部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(10.8部)、酢酸カリウム(6.9部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリド ジクロロメタン付加物(1.0部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、シリカゲル20部を加え、5分間撹拌した。その後、固形分をろ別し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより2-(ベンソ[d]オキサゾール-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(11.4部、収率99%)を得た。
DMF(430部)に、水(11部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(4.9部)、工程19で得られた2-(ベンソ[d]オキサゾール-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(8.0部)、リン酸三カリウム(34部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.8部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で5時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(430部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトンで洗浄し乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.30で表される化合物(3.6部、収率57%)を得た。
工程21(5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェンの合成)
DMF(500部)に、5-ブロモベンゾ[b]チオフェン(20部)、フェニルボロン酸(13.7部)、リン酸三カリウム(113部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(3.0部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、70℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(500部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分を水とアセトンで洗浄し乾燥を行うことにより、5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(13.3部、収率67%)を得た。
テトラヒドロフラン(300部)に、工程21で得られた5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(12.6部)を混合した。0℃に冷却した混合液へノルマルブチルリチウムヘキサン溶液(2.6M、28部)を加え、窒素雰囲気下、1時間撹拌した。得られた混合液へイソプロポキシボロン酸ピナコール(16部)を加え、室温で12時間撹拌した。得られた反応液へ水(100部)を加え、溶媒を減圧留去することで生じた固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分を水で洗浄し乾燥を行うことにより、2-(5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(11.4部、収率57%)を得た。
DMF(300部)に、水(8.0部)、工程22で得られた2-(5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(10部)、1-ブロモ-4-ヨードベンゼン(8.4部)、リン酸三カリウム(36部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(1.0部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、70℃で3時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、水(300部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分を水、メタノールの順序で洗浄することで、2-(4-ブロモフェニル)-5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(9.2部、収率85%)を得た。
トルエン(300部)に、工程23で得られた2-(4-ブロモフェニル)-5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン(8.5部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(6.9部)、酢酸カリウム(4.4部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリド ジクロロメタン付加物(0.64部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、シリカゲル20部を加え、5分間撹拌した。その後、固形分をろ別し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより2-(4-(5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(5.2部、収率55%)を得た。
DMF(200部)に、水(5.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(1.8部)、工程24で得られた2-(4-(5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(4.5部)、リン酸三カリウム(15部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.4部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(200部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトンで洗浄し乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.83で表される化合物(1.5部、収率50%)を得た。
工程26(2-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの合成)
トルエン(100部)に、3-ブロモジベンゾ[b,d]フラン(5.0部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(6.2部)、酢酸カリウム(4.0部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.5部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で5時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、固形分をろ別し、生成物を含むろ液を得た。次いで、ショートシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開液;トルエン)にて精製し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより、2-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(3.8部、収率64%)を得た。
DMF(60部)に、工程26で得られた2-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(3.8部)、1-ブロモ-4-ヨードベンゼン(3.7部)、リン酸三カリウム(5.5部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.4部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で2時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、水(200部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分を水、メタノールの順序で洗浄することで、3-(4-ブロモフェニル)ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン(2.7部、収率64%)を得た。
トルエン(50部)に、工程27で得られた3-(4-ブロモフェニル)ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン(2.7部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(2.5部)、酢酸カリウム(1.6部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.2部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で8時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、固形分をろ別し、生成物を含むろ液を得た。次いで、ショートシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開液;トルエン)にて精製することで、2-(4-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.8部、収率90%)を得た。
DMF(80部)に、水(8.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(1.5部)、工程28で得られた2-(4-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.8部)、リン酸三カリウム(2.6部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.2部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(100部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトン、DMFで洗浄し、乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.72で表される化合物(0.9部、収率41%)を得た。
工程30(2-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロランの合成)
トルエン(100部)に、3-ブロモジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン(5.0部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(5.8部)、酢酸カリウム(3.7部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.4部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で4時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、固形分をろ別し、生成物を含むろ液を得た。次いで、ショートシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開液;トルエン)にて精製し、溶媒を減圧除去することにより、2-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.3部、収率39%)を得た。
DMF(40部)に、工程30で得られた2-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.3部)、1-ブロモ-4-ヨードベンゼン(2.1部)、リン酸三カリウム(3.0部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.3部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、60℃で3時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、水(60部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分を水、メタノールの順序で洗浄することで、3-(4-ブロモフェニル)ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン(2.5部、収率99%)を得た。
トルエン(50部)に、工程31で得られた3-(4-ブロモフェニル)ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン(2.5部)、ビス(ピナコラト)ジボロン(2.2部)、酢酸カリウム(1.4部)及び[1,1’-ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン]パラジウム(II)ジクロリドジクロロメタン付加物(0.2部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、還流温度で8時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却し、固形分をろ別し、生成物を含むろ液を得た。次いで、ショートシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開液;トルエン)にて精製することで、2-(4-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.0部、収率71%)を得た。
DMF(60部)に、水(8.0部)、特許第4945757号に記載の方法で合成した2,7-ジヨード[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(1.0部)、工程32で得られた2-(4-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン)フェニル)-4,4,5,5-テトラメチル-1,3,2-ジオキサボロラン(2.0部)、リン酸三カリウム(1.8部)及びテトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0.1部)を混合し、窒素雰囲気下、80℃で6時間撹拌した。得られた反応液を室温まで冷却した後、水(100部)を加え、固形分をろ過分取した。得られた固形分をアセトン、DMFで洗浄し、乾燥した後、昇華精製を行うことにより、上記具体例のNo.71で表される化合物(0.4部、収率26%)を得た。
ITO透明導電ガラス(ジオマテック株式会社製、ITO膜厚150nm)に、2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)を、ブロック層として抵抗加熱真空蒸着により50nm成膜した。次に、前記のブロック層の上に、光電変換層としてキナクリドンを100nm真空成膜した。最後に、前記の光電変換層の上に、電極としてアルミニウムを100nm真空成膜し、本発明の撮像素子用光電変換素子を作製した。ITOとアルミニウムを電極として、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は6.7×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]フラン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例1で得られたNo.1で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は4.2×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[d]チアゾール-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例3で得られたNo.29で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は2.5×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(5-ベンゾ[b]チエニル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例4で得られたNo.23で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は5.0×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(ナフト[1,2-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例5で得られたNo.69で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は8.4×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(ナフト[2,3-b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例6で得られたNo.20で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は4.5×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[d]オキサゾール-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例7で得られたNo.30で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は3.5×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(5-フェニルベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例8で得られたNo.83で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は1.0×106であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]フラン)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例9で得られたNo.72で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は1.2×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(4-(3-ジベンゾ[b,d]チオフェン)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例10で得られたNo.71で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は9.2×105であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)を使用しないこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は4.7であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ジフェニル[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(下記式(11)で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は600であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、トリス(8-キノリノラト)アルミニウムを使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は31であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(9-フェナントレニル)-[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(下記式(12)で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は690であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(1-ナフチル)-[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(下記式(13)で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は240であった。
2,7-ビス(4-(ベンゾ[b]チオフェン-2-イル)フェニル)[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(合成例2で得られたNo.5で表される化合物)の代わりに、2,7-ビス(9H-カルバゾール-9-イル)-[1]ベンゾチエノ[3,2-b][1]ベンゾチオフェン(下記式(14)で表される化合物)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1に準じて評価を行ったところ、5Vの電圧を印加したときの明暗比は47であった。
2 上部電極
3 電子ブロック層又は正孔輸送層
4 光電変換部
5 正孔ブロック層又は電子輸送層
6 下部電極
7 絶縁基材又は他光電変換素子
Claims (17)
- R1及びR2が、硫黄原子又は酸素原子を含むヘテロ環縮合芳香族基を表す請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料。
- R1及びR2が、置換若しくは無置換のフラン縮合芳香族基、置換若しくは無置換のチオフェン縮合芳香族基、又は置換若しくは無置換のチアゾール縮合芳香族基を表す請求項4に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料。
- R1及びR2が、置換若しくは無置換のベンゾ[b]フラン、置換若しくは無置換のベンゾ[b]チオフェン、又は置換若しくは無置換の2-ベンゾ[d]チアゾール基を表す請求項5に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料。
- 請求項1及至6のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料を含んでなる撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- p型有機半導体材料とn型有機半導体材料を有する光電変換素子であって、p型有機半導体材料が請求項1及至6のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料を含んでなる撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- (A)第一の電極膜、(B)第二の電極膜及び該第一の電極膜と該第二の電極膜の間に配置された(C)光電変換部を有する光電変換素子であって、該(C)光電変換部が少なくとも(c-1)光電変換層及び(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層を含んでなり、かつ該(c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子用材料を含んでなる撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- (c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が電子ブロック層である請求項9に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- (c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が正孔ブロック層である請求項9に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- (c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が電子輸送層である請求項9に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- (c-2)光電変換層以外の有機薄膜層が正孔輸送層である請求項9に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- 更に、(D)正孔蓄積部を有する薄膜トランジスタ及び(E)該薄膜トランジスタ内に蓄積された電荷に応じた信号を読み取る信号読み取り部を有する請求項7乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- (D)正孔蓄積部を有する薄膜トランジスタが、更に(d)正孔蓄積部と第一の電極膜及び第二の電極膜のいずれか一方とを電気的に接続する接続部を有する請求項14に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子。
- 請求項7及至15のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子を複数アレイ状に配置した撮像素子。
- 請求項7及至15のいずれか一項に記載の撮像素子用光電変換素子又は請求項16に記載の撮像素子を含む光センサー。
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WO2022168856A1 (ja) | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、撮像素子、光センサ、化合物 |
JP2023110888A (ja) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-09 | エスエフシー カンパニー リミテッド | 重水素置換されたホウ素化合物の新規な製造方法 |
JP7559851B2 (ja) | 2017-10-23 | 2024-10-02 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | チオフェン-又はセレノフェンベース材料の合成方法 |
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JP6986887B2 (ja) * | 2016-09-13 | 2021-12-22 | 日本化薬株式会社 | 撮像素子用光電変換素子 |
CN108389968B (zh) * | 2018-02-28 | 2021-04-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 薄膜晶体管、其制备方法及显示器件 |
CN115073420A (zh) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-09-20 | 陕西维世诺新材料有限公司 | 一种2-苯基苯并噻吩衍生物的制备方法 |
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JPS5022573B1 (ja) | 1970-07-13 | 1975-07-31 | ||
JPS4945146B1 (ja) | 1970-09-10 | 1974-12-02 | ||
JP5022573B2 (ja) | 2005-06-02 | 2012-09-12 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、及び撮像素子、並びに、これらに電場を印加する方法 |
JP4945146B2 (ja) | 2006-02-27 | 2012-06-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子及び固体撮像素子 |
CN101529609B (zh) | 2006-10-20 | 2010-10-20 | 日本化药株式会社 | 场效应晶体管 |
KR101314998B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-13 | 2013-10-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 헤테로아센 화합물, 이를 포함하는 유기 박막 및 당해 박막을 포함하는 전자 소자 |
JP5187737B2 (ja) | 2007-03-09 | 2013-04-24 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | 電界効果トランジスタ、その製造方法及びそれに用いる化合物、並びに半導体デバイス作製用インク |
JP2008290963A (ja) | 2007-05-24 | 2008-12-04 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | 芳香族化合物の製造方法 |
DE102007032739A1 (de) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-15 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Chinazolinamidderivate |
JP5252482B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-07-31 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | 発光素子 |
JP5460118B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-14 | 2014-04-02 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、及び撮像素子 |
WO2010098372A1 (ja) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-02 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | 電界効果トランジスタ |
TWI472511B (zh) * | 2009-06-03 | 2015-02-11 | Fujifilm Corp | 光電變換元件及攝像元件 |
EP2679592B1 (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2018-10-03 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel heterocyclic compound, method for producing intermediate therefor, and use thereof |
JP5673477B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-06 | 2015-02-18 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 光電変換素子 |
US20170040550A1 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2017-02-09 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Material for photoelectric conversion element for use in imaging element, and photoelectric conversion element including same |
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Cited By (4)
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JP7559851B2 (ja) | 2017-10-23 | 2024-10-02 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | チオフェン-又はセレノフェンベース材料の合成方法 |
WO2022168856A1 (ja) | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子、撮像素子、光センサ、化合物 |
JP2023110888A (ja) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-08-09 | エスエフシー カンパニー リミテッド | 重水素置換されたホウ素化合物の新規な製造方法 |
JP7506776B2 (ja) | 2022-01-28 | 2024-06-26 | エスエフシー カンパニー リミテッド | 重水素置換されたホウ素化合物の新規な製造方法 |
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TWI734806B (zh) | 2021-08-01 |
KR20190028434A (ko) | 2019-03-18 |
US20190157321A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
JPWO2018016465A1 (ja) | 2019-05-09 |
CN109791984A (zh) | 2019-05-21 |
WO2018016465A3 (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
CN109791984B (zh) | 2023-02-07 |
KR102389030B1 (ko) | 2022-04-20 |
TW201831491A (zh) | 2018-09-01 |
JP6836591B2 (ja) | 2021-03-03 |
US11374044B2 (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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