WO2018012240A1 - 可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層を有する内装材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層を有する内装材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018012240A1 WO2018012240A1 PCT/JP2017/022983 JP2017022983W WO2018012240A1 WO 2018012240 A1 WO2018012240 A1 WO 2018012240A1 JP 2017022983 W JP2017022983 W JP 2017022983W WO 2018012240 A1 WO2018012240 A1 WO 2018012240A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- titanium oxide
- oxide fine
- fine particles
- interior material
- visible light
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an interior material having a photocatalytic layer having visible light responsive photocatalytic activity on its surface. More specifically, the present invention relates to a highly transparent visible light response that exhibits photocatalytic activity only by visible light (400 to 800 nm). It is related with the interior material which has a surface layer which has a type photocatalytic activity, and its manufacturing method.
- Photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particles have been widely used for applications such as cleaning the surface of a substrate, deodorizing, and antibacterial.
- the photocatalytic reaction refers to a reaction caused by excited electrons and holes generated when titanium oxide absorbs light. It is thought that the decomposition of organic substances occurs mainly by the following mechanism. [1] Generated excited electrons and holes undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction with oxygen or water adsorbed on the titanium oxide surface, and the generated active species decompose organic substances. [2] The organic matter adsorbed on the titanium oxide surface is directly oxidized and decomposed by the generated holes.
- Patent Document 2 As a method for improving the visible light activity of a photocatalyst using titanium oxide, a method of supporting iron or copper on the surface of titanium oxide fine particles or titanium oxide fine particles doped with metal (for example, JP 2012-210632 A: Patent Document 2). JP 2010-104913 A: Patent Document 3), titanium oxide fine particles in which tin and a transition metal that enhances visible light activity are dissolved (doped), and titanium oxide fine particles in which copper is dissolved, respectively. A method of using a mixture (WO2014 / 045861: Patent Document 4) is known.
- Patent Document 4 is prepared by preparing titanium oxide fine particles in which a transition metal that enhances visible light activity and solid oxide and titanium oxide fine particles in which copper is dissolved, and then mixing and using the method in addition to titanium. Since all metals are solid-dissolved in titanium oxide fine particles, there is an advantage that a photocatalytic thin film that is stable and hardly denatured and has high durability can be obtained, but a method for further improving the visible light activity of the photocatalyst is desired. .
- JP 2009-148700 A JP 2012-210632 A JP 2010-104913 A WO2014 / 045861 JP 7-303835 A
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by combining and mixing titanium oxide fine particles in which different transition metals or the like are dissolved, a visible light responsive type capable of obtaining a different type of high visible light activity from the conventional type is obtained. It aims at providing the interior material which has the surface layer which has photocatalytic activity, and its manufacturing method.
- the inventors of the present invention have disclosed a titanium oxide fine particle in which tin, which is the first titanium oxide fine particle used in Patent Document 4, and a transition metal that enhances visible light activity are dissolved.
- tin which is the first titanium oxide fine particle used in Patent Document 4
- a transition metal that enhances visible light activity are dissolved.
- the interior material of the present invention decomposes harmful substances such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that volatilize from building materials, furniture, daily necessities, fabric products, etc., and cause sick house syndrome that pollutes indoor air. It is expected that indoor air can be kept clean.
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- the present invention provides an interior material having a surface layer having visible light responsive photocatalytic activity and a method for producing the same.
- [1] The interior material according to [1], wherein a content of a tin component contained in the first titanium oxide fine particles is 1 to 1,000 in terms of a molar ratio with titanium (Ti / Sn).
- transition metal component dissolved in the first titanium oxide fine particles is at least one selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, manganese, niobium, molybdenum, rhodium, tungsten, and cerium.
- Interior material [4] [3] The interior material according to [3], wherein the transition metal component dissolved in the first titanium oxide fine particles is molybdenum and / or vanadium.
- the content of the molybdenum component contained in the first titanium oxide fine particles is 1 to 1,000 in terms of the molar ratio with titanium (Ti / Mo), and / or the molar ratio of the vanadium component to the titanium ( The interior material according to [4], wherein Ti / V) is 10 to 10,000.
- Any one of [1] to [5], wherein the content of the iron group component contained in the second titanium oxide fine particles is 1 to 1,000 in terms of a molar ratio with respect to titanium (Ti / iron group component).
- Interior material [7] The interior material according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the iron group component dissolved in the second titanium oxide fine particles is an iron component.
- the mixing ratio of the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles is 99 to 0.01 in terms of mass ratio [(first titanium oxide fine particles) / (second titanium oxide fine particles)].
- the interior material according to any one of [1] to [10] which is a member selected from the group consisting of indoor building materials, interior materials for vehicles, furniture, and electrical appliances.
- a method for producing an interior material characterized in that a surface layer having visible light responsive photocatalytic activity is formed by applying a dispersion in which two types of titanium oxide fine particles are dispersed together with titanium oxide fine particles.
- the dispersion is applied by spray coating, flow coating, dip coating, spin coating, Mayer bar coating, gravure coating, knife coating, kiss coating, die coating, or film transfer.
- visible light-responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particles can be easily formed on the surface, which can easily produce a highly transparent photocatalytic thin film (surface layer) that exhibits photocatalytic activity only by visible light (400 to 800 nm).
- a highly transparent photocatalytic thin film surface layer
- photocatalytic activity only by visible light 400 to 800 nm.
- the interior material of the present invention has an interior material body and a surface layer formed on the surface of the body, and the surface layer has visible light responsive photocatalytic activity.
- the method of forming the surface layer having visible light responsive photocatalytic activity is not particularly limited.
- the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is used as the interior material main body by adopting a coating method described later. It can be produced by applying to the surface and drying.
- the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is described in detail below.
- the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is obtained by dispersing first titanium oxide fine particles and second titanium oxide fine particles, which are titanium oxide fine particles having different compositions, in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- the first titanium oxide fine particles are titanium oxide fine particles in which a tin component and a transition metal component (however, excluding the iron group component) are dissolved, and the second titanium oxide fine particles are oxidized in which the iron group component is dissolved. Titanium fine particles.
- a solid solution is a phase in which an atom at a lattice point of one crystal phase replaces another atom, or a phase in which another atom enters a lattice gap, that is, another substance has dissolved in a crystal phase.
- the crystal phase is a homogeneous phase.
- a substitutional solid solution is a substitution of a solvent atom at a lattice point with a solute atom, and an entry of a solute atom in a lattice gap is an interstitial solid solution.
- the above-mentioned titanium oxide fine particles form a solid solution with titanium oxide, tin and transition metal atoms (excluding the iron group component) in the first titanium oxide fine particles, and titanium oxide and iron group components in the second titanium oxide fine particles. It is characterized by forming a solid solution.
- the solid solution may be a substitution type or an interstitial type.
- the substitutional solid solution is formed by substituting titanium sites of titanium oxide crystals with various metal atoms, and the interstitial solid solution is formed by entering various metal atoms in the lattice gap of titanium oxide crystals. .
- the method for dissolving the dissimilar metal in the metal oxide crystal there are no particular limitations on the method for dissolving the dissimilar metal in the metal oxide crystal, but the gas phase method (CVD method, PVD method, etc.), liquid phase method (hydrothermal method, sol-gel method, etc.), Examples thereof include a phase method (such as a high-temperature firing method).
- the crystal phase of the titanium oxide fine particles three types of rutile type, anatase type, and brookite type are generally known. However, in any of the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles, It is preferable to use a rutile type and an anatase type. Further, the first titanium oxide fine particles are preferably rutile type out of rutile type and anatase type, and the second titanium oxide fine particles are mainly preferably anatase type.
- the term “mainly” as used herein means that it is usually contained in an amount of 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and 100% by mass. There may be.
- an aqueous solvent is usually used as a dispersion medium of the dispersion liquid, and water is preferably used, but a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic organic solvent mixed with water at an arbitrary ratio and water may be used.
- water for example, deionized water, distilled water, pure water and the like are preferable.
- the hydrophilic organic solvent include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, glycols such as ethylene glycol, glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and propylene glycol-n-propyl ether. Is preferred.
- the ratio of the hydrophilic organic solvent in the mixed solvent is preferably more than 0 and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and further preferably 10% by mass or less. .
- the first titanium oxide fine particle is a titanium oxide fine particle in which a transition metal component other than a tin component and an iron group component that enhances visible light activity is solid-solved.
- the transition metal is a member of Group 3 to Group 11 of the periodic table.
- the transition metal component that enhances the visible light activity is preferably selected from vanadium, chromium, manganese, niobium, molybdenum, rhodium, tungsten, cerium, etc., among which molybdenum and / or vanadium Is preferably selected.
- the tin component solid-solved in the first titanium oxide fine particles is for increasing the visible light response of the photocatalytic thin film, but may be derived from a tin compound, for example, tin metal (Sn).
- the content of the tin component in the first titanium oxide fine particles is 1 to 1,000, preferably 2 to 500, more preferably 5 to 100 in terms of a molar ratio with titanium (Ti / Sn). This is because when the molar ratio is less than 1, the content ratio of titanium oxide decreases and the photocatalytic effect may not be sufficiently exhibited, and when it exceeds 1,000, the visible light responsiveness may be insufficient. is there.
- the transition metal component solid-dissolved in the first titanium oxide fine particles only needs to be derived from the transition metal compound, and may be a metal, oxide, hydroxide, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, halide, Various complex compounds etc. are mentioned, These 1 type (s) or 2 or more types are used.
- the content of the transition metal component in the first titanium oxide fine particles can be appropriately selected according to the type of the transition metal component, but the molar ratio with titanium (Ti / transition metal) is in the range of 1 to 10,000, The range of 5 to 1,000 is particularly preferable.
- the molybdenum component when molybdenum is selected as the transition metal component solid-dissolved in the first titanium oxide fine particles, the molybdenum component may be derived from a molybdenum compound.
- molybdenum metal (Mo) molybdenum metal (Mo), oxide (MoO 2 , MoO 3 ), hydroxides, chlorides (MoCl 3 , MoCl 5 ), nitrates, sulfates, halides, complex compounds, etc. are used, and one or more of these are used in combination. It may be a thing.
- oxides (MoO 2 , MoO 3 ) and chlorides (MoCl 3 , MoCl 5 ) are preferably used.
- the content of the molybdenum component in the first titanium oxide fine particles is 1 to 1,000, preferably 2 to 100, more preferably 2 to 50 in terms of a molar ratio with titanium (Ti / Mo). This is because when the molar ratio is less than 1, the content ratio of titanium oxide decreases and the photocatalytic effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. When the molar ratio exceeds 1,000, the visible light responsiveness becomes insufficient, and the low concentration of acetaldehyde. This is because a high decomposition activity may not be obtained.
- vanadium component When vanadium is selected as the transition metal component solid-dissolved in the first titanium oxide fine particles, the vanadium component only needs to be derived from a vanadium compound.
- V vanadium metal
- oxide VO, V 2 O 3 , VO 2 , V 2 O 5
- hydroxide chloride (VCl 5 ), oxychloride (VOCl 3 ), nitrate, sulfate, oxysulfate (VOSO 4 ), halide, complex
- the content of the vanadium component in the first titanium oxide fine particles is 10 to 10,000, preferably 100 to 10,000, more preferably 100 to 5,000 in terms of molar ratio (Ti / V) with titanium. . This is because when the molar ratio is less than 10, the content ratio of the titanium oxide crystal is lowered and the photocatalytic effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. When it exceeds 10,000, the visible light responsiveness becomes insufficient, and the low concentration of acetaldehyde. This is because high decomposition activity may not be obtained.
- Both molybdenum and vanadium can be selected as the transition metal component dissolved in the first titanium oxide fine particles.
- the amount of each component in that case can be selected from the said range, However,
- the molar ratio [Ti / (Mo + V)] of the sum total of each component amount and titanium is 1 or more and 10,000 or less.
- the first titanium oxide fine particles may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more types having different visible light responsiveness are combined, an effect of increasing visible light activity may be obtained.
- the second titanium oxide fine particles have a composition different from that of the first titanium oxide fine particles.
- an iron group component is dissolved in a solid form.
- the iron group is similar to the first titanium oxide fine particles. It does not contain transition metals or tin other than the components.
- iron group metal dissolved in the second titanium oxide fine particles examples include iron, cobalt, and nickel, among which iron element is preferable.
- Iron group component is dissolved in the second titanium oxide fine particles is not particularly limited as long as it is derived from an iron compound, for example, iron metal (Fe), oxides (Fe 2 O 3, Fe 3 O 4 ), Hydroxide (FeO (OH)), chloride (FeCl 2 , FeCl 3 ), nitrate (Fe (NO) 3 ), sulfate (FeSO 4 , Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), halide, complex A compound etc. are mentioned, You may use combining these 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.
- oxides Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 ), hydroxides (FeO (OH)), chlorides (FeCl 2 , FeCl 3 ), nitrates (Fe (NO) 3 ), sulfates (FeSO) 4 , Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) is preferably used.
- the content of the iron group component in the second titanium oxide fine particles is 1 to 1,000, preferably 2 to 200, more preferably 5 to 100 in terms of a molar ratio with titanium (Ti / iron group component). This is because when the molar ratio is less than 1, the content ratio of titanium oxide decreases and the photocatalytic effect may not be sufficiently exhibited, and when it exceeds 1,000, the visible light responsiveness may be insufficient. is there.
- the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles in the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion have a volume-based 50% cumulative distribution diameter measured by a dynamic light scattering method using laser light ( D 50 ) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “average particle size”) is preferably 5 to 30 nm, more preferably 5 to 20 nm. This is because when the average particle size is less than 5 nm, the photocatalytic activity may be insufficient, and when it exceeds 30 nm, the dispersion may become opaque.
- Nanotrac UPA-EX150 manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
- LA-910 manufactured by Horiba Seisakusho Co., Ltd.
- the like can be used as an apparatus for measuring the average particle size.
- the mixing ratio of the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles contained in the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is the mass ratio [(first titanium oxide fine particles) / (second oxidation Titanium fine particles)] is preferably 99 to 0.01, more preferably 19 to 0.05, and still more preferably 9 to 1. This is because when the mass ratio is more than 99 or less than 0.01, visible light activity may be insufficient.
- the total concentration of the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles in the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is in terms of ease of producing a surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) having a required thickness. 0.01 to 20% by mass is preferable, and 0.5 to 10% by mass is particularly preferable.
- a binder may be added to the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion for the purpose of facilitating the application of the dispersion to the surfaces of various members described later and the adhesion of the fine particles.
- the binder include metal compound binders such as silicon, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium, and organic resin binders such as fluorine resin, acrylic resin, and urethane resin.
- the mass ratio of the binder to titanium oxide [binder / titanium oxide] is 0.01 to 99, more preferably 0.1 to 9, and still more preferably 0.4 to 2.5. Is preferred. This is because when the mass ratio is less than 0.01, the adhesion of the titanium oxide fine particles to the surfaces of various members becomes insufficient, and when it exceeds 99, the visible light activity may be insufficient.
- a compounding ratio of silicon compound binder is 1:99 to 99: 1, It is preferable to add and use within the range of 10:90 to 90:10, more preferably 30:70 to 70:30.
- the silicon compound binder is a colloidal dispersion, solution or emulsion of a silicon compound containing a solid or liquid silicon compound in an aqueous dispersion medium, specifically, colloidal silica.
- Silicate solution such as silicate; Silane, siloxane hydrolyzate emulsion; Silicone resin emulsion; Silicone resin such as silicone-acrylic resin copolymer, silicone-urethane resin copolymer and others And emulsions of copolymers with these resins.
- a hydrophilic organic solvent or a surfactant may be added to the coating liquid to which the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion and the binder are added in order to improve the coating property to the interior material.
- the hydrophilic organic solvent for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, glycols such as ethylene glycol, glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether and propylene glycol-n-propyl ether are preferable.
- the ratio of the hydrophilic organic solvent in the photocatalyst dispersion liquid or coating liquid is preferably more than 0 and 50% by mass or less, more preferably 20% by mass or less, and still more preferably. It is 10 mass% or less.
- surfactant examples include anionic surfactants such as fatty acid sodium salt, alkylbenzene sulfonate, higher alcohol sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, alkyltrimethylammonium salt, dialkyldimethylammonium salt, alkyldimethyl.
- anionic surfactants such as fatty acid sodium salt, alkylbenzene sulfonate, higher alcohol sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, alkyltrimethylammonium salt, dialkyldimethylammonium salt, alkyldimethyl.
- Cationic surfactants such as benzylammonium salt and quaternary ammonium salt, alkylamino fatty acid salts, alkylbetaines, alkylamine oxide amphoteric surfactants, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenol ether, alkyl glucoside, poly Such as oxyethylene fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, fatty acid alkanolamide Nonionic surfactants, and the like polymeric surfactant. Among these, nonionic surfactants are preferable from the viewpoint of the stability of the dispersion.
- the total composition in the photocatalyst dispersion or coating solution is 100% by mass (that is, the total of 100% by mass of the above-described titanium oxide fine particles, binder, solvent and surfactant).
- the concentration of the surfactant is more than 0, preferably 0.001 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1.0% by mass, and 0.05 to 0.5% by mass. More preferably.
- the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is produced by producing a first titanium oxide fine particle dispersion and a second titanium oxide fine particle dispersion, respectively. It is prepared by mixing 2 titanium oxide fine particle dispersion.
- a production method having the following steps (1) to (5) can be mentioned.
- Steps (1) and (2) are steps for obtaining a first titanium oxide fine particle dispersion
- steps (3) and (4) are steps for obtaining a second titanium oxide fine particle dispersion
- (5 ) Is a step of finally obtaining a dispersion containing the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles.
- a molybdenum compound and / or a vanadium compound as the transition metal compound used in step (1). Will be described in detail.
- step (1) a transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid solution is produced by reacting a raw material titanium compound, a transition metal compound, a tin compound, a basic substance, and hydrogen peroxide in an aqueous dispersion medium.
- a basic substance is added to the raw material titanium compound in the aqueous dispersion medium to form titanium hydroxide, impurity ions other than the contained metal ions are removed, and hydrogen peroxide is added to form peroxotitanic acid.
- the transition metal compound and tin compound are added to the transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid later, and the transition metal compound and tin compound are added to the raw material titanium compound and basic substance in the aqueous dispersion medium.
- the transition metal and tin-containing titanium hydroxide may be used, impurity ions other than the metal ions contained may be removed, and hydrogen peroxide may be added to obtain the transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid.
- the raw material titanium compound and the basic substance in the aqueous dispersion medium are dispersed in two liquids, like an aqueous dispersion medium in which the raw material titanium compound is dispersed and an aqueous dispersion medium in which the basic substance is dispersed. According to the solubility of each compound of the transition metal compound and tin compound in the two liquids, the respective compounds are dissolved in either one or both of the two liquids and then mixed together. Good.
- transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid After obtaining the transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid in this way, it is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction in the step (2) described later, whereby titanium oxide fine particles in which the various metals are dissolved in titanium oxide can be obtained.
- titanium compound for example, inorganic acid salts such as titanium chloride, nitrate and sulfate, organic acid salts such as formic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid and glycolic acid, and alkalis are added to these aqueous solutions And titanium hydroxide deposited by hydrolysis, and one or two or more of these may be used in combination.
- inorganic acid salts such as titanium chloride, nitrate and sulfate
- organic acid salts such as formic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid and glycolic acid, and alkalis
- titanium hydroxide deposited by hydrolysis and one or two or more of these may be used in combination.
- titanium chloride TiCl 3 , TiCl 4
- the transition metal compound, the tin compound, and the aqueous dispersion medium those described above are used so as to have the above-described composition.
- concentration of the raw material titanium compound aqueous solution formed from a raw material titanium compound and an aqueous dispersion medium is 60 mass% or less, especially 30 mass% or less.
- concentration is selected suitably, it is preferable that it is 1 mass% or more normally.
- the basic substance is for making the raw material titanium compound into titanium hydroxide smoothly.
- hydroxide of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, ammonia, alkanolamine, alkyl
- An amine compound such as an amine can be used, and the raw material titanium compound aqueous solution is added and used in such an amount that the pH becomes 7 or more, particularly pH 7-10.
- the basic substance may be used in the form of an aqueous solution having an appropriate concentration together with the aqueous dispersion medium.
- Hydrogen peroxide is used to convert the above raw material titanium compound or titanium hydroxide into peroxotitanium, that is, a titanium oxide compound containing a Ti—O—O—Ti bond, and is usually used in the form of hydrogen peroxide water. Is done.
- the amount of hydrogen peroxide added is preferably 1.5 to 20 times the total number of moles of transition metal, Ti and Sn.
- the reaction temperature is preferably 5 to 80 ° C., and the reaction time is 30 minutes to 24 hours. preferable.
- the peroxotitanic acid solution containing the transition metal and tin thus obtained may contain an alkaline substance or an acidic substance for pH adjustment and the like.
- the alkaline substance herein include ammonia, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
- the acidic substance include inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, carbonic acid, phosphoric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. And organic acids such as formic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid and glycolic acid.
- the pH of the obtained peroxotitanic acid solution containing a transition metal and tin is preferably 1 to 9, particularly 4 to 7 from the viewpoint of safety in handling.
- the transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid solution obtained in the above step (1) is added at a temperature of 80 to 250 ° C., preferably 100 to 250 ° C. under a pressure control.
- the reaction temperature is suitably from 80 to 250 ° C. from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency and reaction controllability, and as a result, the transition metal and tin-containing peroxotitanic acid are converted into transition metal and tin-containing titanium oxide fine particles.
- under pressure control means that when the reaction temperature exceeds the boiling point of the dispersion medium, the reaction temperature is appropriately maintained to maintain the reaction temperature so that the reaction temperature can be maintained.
- the pressure used here is usually about 0.12 to 4.5 MPa, preferably about 0.15 to 4.5 MPa, more preferably 0.20 to 4.5 MPa.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 minute to 24 hours.
- the particle diameter of the titanium oxide fine particles obtained here is preferably in the range as already described, but the particle diameter can be controlled by adjusting the reaction conditions, for example, shortening the reaction time. Thus, the particle diameter can be reduced.
- step (3) in addition to the steps (1) and (2), the raw material titanium compound, iron group compound, basic substance and hydrogen peroxide are reacted in an aqueous dispersion medium, thereby containing an iron group element.
- a peroxotitanic acid solution is prepared. As a reaction method, it can replace with the transition metal compound and tin compound in the said process (1), and it can carry out by the completely same method except using an iron group compound.
- the starting titanium compound, the iron group compound, the aqueous dispersion medium, the basic substance, and the hydrogen peroxide as the starting materials are used in such a manner that the above-mentioned ones are blended as described above, and the temperature and time described above are used. Under the reaction.
- the amount of hydrogen peroxide added is preferably 1.5 to 20 times the total number of moles of the iron group and Ti.
- the iron group element-containing peroxotitanic acid solution thus obtained may also contain an alkaline substance or an acidic substance for pH adjustment, etc., and the alkaline substance and acidic substance, and the pH adjustment here are handled in the same manner as described above. be able to.
- the iron group element-containing peroxotitanic acid solution obtained in the above step (3) is subjected to pressure control at a temperature of 80 to 250 ° C., preferably 100 to 250 ° C. for 0.01 to 24 hours.
- the reaction temperature is suitably 80 to 250 ° C. from the viewpoint of reaction efficiency and reaction control.
- iron group element-containing peroxotitanic acid is converted into iron group element-containing titanium oxide fine particles.
- under pressure control means that when the reaction temperature exceeds the boiling point of the dispersion medium, the reaction temperature is appropriately maintained to maintain the reaction temperature so that the reaction temperature can be maintained.
- the pressure used here is usually about 0.12 to 4.5 MPa, preferably about 0.15 to 4.5 MPa, more preferably 0.20 to 4.5 MPa.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 minute to 24 hours.
- the particle diameter of the titanium oxide fine particles obtained here is preferably in the range as already described, but the particle diameter can be controlled by adjusting the reaction conditions, for example, shortening the reaction time. Thus, the particle diameter can be reduced.
- step (5) the first titanium oxide fine particle dispersion obtained in steps (1) and (2) and the second titanium oxide fine particle dispersion obtained in steps (3) and (4) are mixed.
- the mixing method is not particularly limited, and may be a method of stirring with a stirrer or a method of dispersing with an ultrasonic disperser.
- the mixing temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ° C., and the time is preferably 1 minute to 3 hours.
- mixing ratio mixing may be performed so that the mass ratio of the titanium oxide fine particles in each titanium oxide fine particle dispersion becomes the mass ratio as described above.
- the mass of the titanium oxide fine particles contained in the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion can be calculated from the amount and concentration of the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion.
- the total concentration of the first titanium oxide fine particles and the second titanium oxide fine particles in the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion prepared in this way is the surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) having a required thickness as described above. From the viewpoint of ease of production, it is preferably 0.01 to 20% by mass, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass.
- concentration adjustment when the concentration is higher than the desired concentration, the concentration can be lowered by adding and diluting the aqueous solvent. When the concentration is lower than the desired concentration, the aqueous solvent is volatilized or filtered off. The concentration can be increased. The concentration can be calculated as described above.
- the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion in which the concentration is adjusted as described above so that a desired concentration is obtained after mixing the aqueous binder solution to be added. It is preferable to add to the liquid.
- the visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion can be used for the purpose of forming a photocatalytic thin film (surface layer) on the interior material body surface.
- the interior material can have various shapes according to each purpose and application.
- the interior material in the present specification refers to indoor building materials such as, for example, building wall materials, wallpaper, ceiling materials, floor materials, tiles, bricks, wooden boards, resin boards, metal boards, tatami mats, bathroom materials, etc.
- furniture such as storage shelves, air purifiers, air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, personal computers, printers, tablets, touch panels, telephones, and other home appliances are included.
- examples of materials for various interior materials include organic materials and inorganic materials.
- organic materials examples include vinyl chloride resin (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), acrylic resin, polyacetal, fluororesin, silicone resin, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
- PVC vinyl chloride resin
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PC polycarbonate
- acrylic resin acrylic resin
- polyacetal polyacetal
- fluororesin silicone resin
- silicone resin ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- NBR Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- EVOH ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PEI polyether Imide
- PEEI polyetheretherimide
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
- Synthetic resin material such, natural materials such as natural rubber, or semi-synthetic materials include the above-mentioned synthetic resin material and natural material. These may be commercialized into a required shape and configuration such as a film, a sheet, a fiber material, a fiber product, other molded products, and a laminate.
- inorganic materials include non-metallic inorganic materials and metallic inorganic materials.
- nonmetallic inorganic material include glass, ceramic, stone, and gypsum. These may be commercialized in various forms such as tiles, glass, mirrors, walls, and design materials.
- metal inorganic material include cast iron, steel material, iron, iron alloy, stainless steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, and zinc die cast. These may be plated with the metal inorganic material, may be coated with the organic material, or may be plated on the surface of the organic material or non-metallic inorganic material.
- a visible light responsive photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion, or a coating liquid further added with a binder for example, the surface of the interior material body is used.
- it may be applied by a method such as spray coating, flow coating, dip coating, spin coating, Mayer bar coating, reverse roll coating, gravure coating, knife coating, kiss coating, die coating, or film transfer, followed by drying.
- the drying temperature after coating can be variously selected depending on the substrate to be coated, but is preferably 0 to 500 ° C, more preferably 5 to 200 ° C, and still more preferably 10 to 150 ° C. This is because if the temperature is lower than 0 ° C., the liquid may freeze and become unusable, and if it exceeds 500 ° C., the photocatalytic activity may decrease.
- the drying time after coating can be variously selected depending on the coating method and drying temperature, but is preferably 10 seconds to 72 hours, more preferably 20 seconds to 48 hours. This is because if the time is less than 10 seconds, the photocatalyst thin film may be insufficiently fixed on the surface of the member, and if it exceeds 3 days, the economic efficiency is poor and is not preferable.
- the thickness of the surface layer can be variously selected, but is preferably 10 nm to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 nm to 5 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 50 nm to 1 ⁇ m. This is because when the layer thickness is less than 10 nm, the obtained photocatalytic activity may be insufficient, and when it exceeds 10 ⁇ m, the surface layer may be easily peeled off from the interior material body surface.
- the surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) formed in this way is transparent, and not only gives a good photocatalytic action in the ultraviolet region (10 to 400 nm) as in the conventional case, but the conventional photocatalyst is a sufficient photocatalyst. Only in the visible region (400 to 800 nm) where the action could not be obtained, for example, an excellent photocatalytic action can be obtained even indoors, and the interior material on which the surface layer is formed is due to the photocatalytic action of titanium oxide. Since the organic matter adsorbed on the surface is decomposed, effects such as cleaning, deodorizing and antibacterial of the surface of the interior material can be exhibited.
- Average particle diameter of fine titanium oxide particles in the dispersion (D 50 ) The average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the titanium oxide fine particles in the dispersion was measured using a particle size distribution analyzer (trade name “Nanotrack particle size analyzer UPA-EX150”, Nikkiso Co., Ltd.).
- the light was irradiated so that the illuminance was 30,000 Lx with an LED (product model “TH-211 ⁇ 200SW”, CCS Co., Ltd., spectral distribution: 400 to 800 nm) installed on the top of the cell.
- an LED product model “TH-211 ⁇ 200SW”, CCS Co., Ltd., spectral distribution: 400 to 800 nm
- the acetaldehyde gas concentration in the cell decreases. Therefore, the amount of acetaldehyde gas decomposition can be determined by measuring the concentration.
- the acetaldehyde gas concentration was measured using a photoacoustic multi-gas monitor (trade name “INNOVA1412”, manufactured by LumaSense), and the time required to reduce the acetaldehyde gas concentration from the initial 5 ppm to 1 ppm was compared. evaluated. The test was conducted for up to 72 hours.
- the crystal phase of titanium oxide fine particles was obtained by drying the obtained dispersion of titanium oxide fine particles at 105 ° C. for 3 hours, and collecting powder X-ray diffraction of titanium oxide fine particle powder (product) It was identified by measuring the name “desktop X-ray diffractometer D2 PHASER”, Bruker AXS Co., Ltd.).
- Example 1 ⁇ Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion in which tin and molybdenum are dissolved> After adding and dissolving tin (IV) chloride in a 36 mass% titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution so that the Ti / Sn (molar ratio) is 20, this was diluted 10 times with pure water, Then, 10% by mass of ammonia water in which molybdenum oxide (VI) was added and dissolved so that Ti / Mo (molar ratio) was 20 with respect to the Ti component in the titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution was gradually added. By neutralization and hydrolysis, a precipitate of titanium hydroxide containing tin and molybdenum was obtained.
- the pH of the solution at this time was 8.
- the obtained precipitate was deionized by repeatedly adding pure water and decanting. After this deionization treatment, 35 mass% hydrogen peroxide water is added to the titanium hydroxide precipitate containing tin and molybdenum so that H 2 O 2 / (Ti + Sn + Mo) (molar ratio) becomes 10, and then 50% The mixture was sufficiently reacted by stirring at 3 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain an orange transparent tin and molybdenum-containing peroxotitanic acid solution (a).
- a liquid (e-1) was obtained.
- Photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (e-1) and silica-based binder (Colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 concentration 20 mass% aqueous solution) was added so that the TiO 2 / SiO 2 (mass ratio) was 1.5 to prepare an evaluation coating solution (E-1).
- An air spray gun (product model number “LPH-50-S9-10”) in which a decorative plasterboard used as a ceiling board is cut to A4 size and the coating liquid for evaluation (E-1) is adjusted to a discharge pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- the surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) containing the photocatalyst fine particles is applied to a thickness of 80 nm by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd. and dried in a room at 20 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a sample member for acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance evaluation. It was.
- the acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance of this surface layer was measured by a batch-type gas decomposition performance evaluation method. After irradiation with an LED (wavelength 400 to 800 nm), the concentration of acetaldehyde gas reached 1 ppm (very good: ⁇ ) in 15 hours. Decreased. Further, the surface was observed at a position 20 cm away by visual observation under visible light, but there was no abnormality in the appearance.
- Example 2 A melamine decorative board used as an indoor partition plate is cut into A4 size, and the surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) containing the photocatalyst fine particles is thickened with an air spray gun in the same manner as in Example 1 for the evaluation coating liquid (E-1). The sample was coated to a thickness of 60 nm and dried in an oven set at 50 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a sample member for acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance evaluation.
- Example 3 A floor tile (vinyl chloride resin system) used as an indoor flooring material is cut into A4 size, and a coating layer for evaluation (E-1) is a surface layer containing photocatalyst particles (photocatalyst) using an air spray gun as in Example 1. (Thin film) was applied to a thickness of 80 nm and dried in an oven set at 150 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a sample member for evaluating acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance. The acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance of this surface layer (photocatalyst thin film) was measured by a batch type gas decomposition performance evaluation method.
- the concentration of acetaldehyde gas reached 1 ppm (very good: ⁇ ) in 12 hours. Decreased. Further, the surface was observed at a position 20 cm away by visual observation under visible light, but there was no abnormality in the appearance.
- Example 4 ⁇ Coating on indoor film> A PET film (product model number “Lumirror T60”, Toray Industries, Inc.) subjected to corona surface treatment was cut to A4 size, and the coating liquid for evaluation prepared in Example 1 on the film surface subjected to corona surface treatment (E- 1) was coated with a bar coater so that the surface layer (photocatalyst thin film) containing the photocatalyst fine particles had a thickness of 100 nm, and dried in an oven set at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes to obtain a sample member for acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance evaluation It was.
- the acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance of this surface layer was measured by a batch type gas decomposition performance evaluation method. After irradiation with an LED (wavelength 400 to 800 nm), the concentration of acetaldehyde gas reached 1 ppm (very good: ⁇ ) in 12 hours. Decreased. Further, the surface was observed at a position 20 cm away by visual observation under visible light, but there was no abnormality in the appearance.
- Example 5 ⁇ Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion in which tin and vanadium are dissolved> Add and dissolve tin chloride (IV) in a 36 mass% titanium chloride (IV) solution so that Ti / Sn (molar ratio) is 20 and vanadyl sulfate (IV) is Ti / V (molar ratio) is 2000. This was diluted 10-fold with pure water, and then 10% by mass of ammonia water was gradually added to neutralize and hydrolyze to obtain a precipitate of titanium hydroxide containing tin and vanadium. The pH of the solution at this time was 8.5. The obtained precipitate was deionized by repeatedly adding pure water and decanting.
- a photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (e-2) was obtained.
- Silica-based binder (colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, average particle diameter 10-20 nm, SiO 2 concentration 20 mass% aqueous solution) in photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (e-2) was added so that the TiO 2 / SiO 2 (mass ratio) was 1.5 to prepare an evaluation coating solution (E-2).
- a decorative melamine board used as an indoor partition board is cut to A4 size, and the surface coating layer (photocatalytic thin film) containing photocatalyst fine particles is thickened with an air spray gun in the same manner as in Example 1 for the evaluation coating liquid (E-2).
- the sample was coated to a thickness of 60 nm and dried in an oven set at 50 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a sample member for acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance evaluation.
- Example 6 ⁇ Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion in which tin and molybdenum are dissolved> After adding and dissolving tin (IV) chloride in a 36 mass% titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution so that Ti / Sn (molar ratio) becomes 5, this was diluted 10 times with pure water, Then, 10% by mass of ammonia water in which molybdenum (VI) is added and dissolved so that Ti / Mo (molar ratio) is 50 with respect to the Ti component in the titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution is gradually added. By neutralization and hydrolysis, a precipitate of titanium hydroxide containing tin and molybdenum was obtained. The pH of the solution at this time was 8.
- the obtained precipitate was deionized by repeatedly adding pure water and decanting. After this deionization treatment, 35 mass% hydrogen peroxide water is added to the titanium hydroxide precipitate containing tin and molybdenum so that H 2 O 2 / (Ti + Sn + Mo) (molar ratio) becomes 10, and then 50% The mixture was sufficiently reacted by stirring at 3 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain an orange transparent tin and molybdenum-containing peroxotitanic acid solution (d).
- a liquid (e-3) was obtained.
- Photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (e-3) and silica-based binder (Colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle diameter 10-20 nm, SiO 2 concentration 20 mass% aqueous solution) was added so that the TiO 2 / SiO 2 (mass ratio) was 3, to prepare a coating solution for evaluation (E-3).
- An air spray gun product model number “LPH-50-S9-10” in which a decorative plasterboard used as a ceiling board is cut to A4 size and the coating liquid for evaluation (E-3) is adjusted to a discharge pressure of 0.2 MPa.
- the surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) containing the photocatalyst fine particles is applied to a thickness of 80 nm by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd. and dried in a room at 20 ° C. for 24 hours to obtain a sample member for acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance evaluation. It was.
- Example 7 ⁇ Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion in which tin and molybdenum are dissolved> After adding and dissolving tin (IV) chloride in a 36 mass% titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution so that Ti / Sn (molar ratio) is 100 and diluting it 10 times with pure water, 10% by mass of ammonia water in which molybdenum oxide (VI) was added and dissolved so that Ti / Mo (molar ratio) was 5 with respect to the Ti component in the titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution was gradually added. By neutralization and hydrolysis, a precipitate of titanium hydroxide containing tin and molybdenum was obtained. The pH of the solution at this time was 8.
- the obtained precipitate was deionized by repeatedly adding pure water and decanting. After this deionization treatment, 35 mass% hydrogen peroxide water is added to the titanium hydroxide precipitate containing tin and molybdenum so that H 2 O 2 / (Ti + Sn + Mo) (molar ratio) becomes 10, and then 50% The mixture was sufficiently reacted by stirring at 3 ° C. for 3 hours to obtain an orange transparent tin and molybdenum-containing peroxotitanic acid solution (f).
- a liquid (e-4) was obtained.
- Silica-based binder (colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle diameter 10-20 nm, SiO 2 concentration 20 mass% aqueous solution) in photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (e-4) was added so that the TiO 2 / SiO 2 (mass ratio) was 2 to prepare a coating solution for evaluation (E-4).
- a melamine decorative board used as an indoor partition plate is cut into A4 size, and the surface layer (photocatalytic thin film) containing photocatalyst fine particles is thickened with an air spray gun in the same manner as in Example 1 for the evaluation coating liquid (E-4).
- the sample was coated to a thickness of 60 nm and dried in an oven set at 50 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a sample member for acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance evaluation.
- Example 8 ⁇ Preparation of titanium oxide fine particle dispersion in which tin, vanadium and molybdenum are dissolved> Add and dissolve tin (IV) chloride in a 36 mass% titanium chloride (IV) solution so that Ti / Sn (molar ratio) is 10 and vanadyl sulfate (IV) is Ti / V (molar ratio) is 100. Then, after diluting it 10 times with pure water, molybdenum (VI) oxide in this aqueous solution has a Ti / Mo (molar ratio) of 500 with respect to the Ti component in the titanium chloride (IV) aqueous solution.
- a liquid (e-5) was obtained.
- Photocatalytic titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (e-5) and silica-based binder (Colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 concentration 20 mass% aqueous solution) was added so that the TiO 2 / SiO 2 (mass ratio) was 2, to prepare a coating solution for evaluation (E-5).
- a floor tile (vinyl chloride resin) used as an indoor flooring material is cut into A4 size, and the coating liquid for evaluation (E-5) is a surface layer containing photocatalyst particles (photocatalyst) using an air spray gun in the same manner as in Example 1. (Thin film) was applied to a thickness of 80 nm and dried in an oven set at 150 ° C. for 1 hour to obtain a sample member for evaluating acetaldehyde gas decomposition performance.
- a titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (c-1) was obtained only from the dispersion of titanium oxide fine particles (D).
- Example 1 the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (c-1) and a silica-based binder (colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 2 concentration of 20 wt% aqueous solution) TiO 2 / SiO 2 (weight ratio) was added to a 1.5 to obtain evaluation coating solution (C-1).
- a silica-based binder colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 2 concentration of 20 wt% aqueous solution
- a titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (c-2) was obtained only from the dispersion of the titanium oxide fine particles (A).
- Example 2 the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (c-2) and a silica-based binder (colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 2 concentration of 20 wt% aqueous solution) TiO 2 / SiO 2 (weight ratio) was added to a 1.5 to obtain evaluation coating solution (C-2).
- a silica-based binder colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 2 concentration of 20 wt% aqueous solution
- a titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (c-3) was obtained only from the dispersion of the titanium oxide fine particles (B).
- titanium oxide fine particle dispersion (c-3) and silica-based binder (colloidal silica, trade name: Snowtex 20, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., average particle size 10-20 nm, SiO 2 2 concentration of 20 wt% aqueous solution) TiO 2 / SiO 2 (weight ratio) was added to a 1.5 to obtain evaluation coating solution (C-3).
- the first titanium oxide fine particles in which the tin component and the transition metal component (molybdenum component and / or vanadium component) that enhances the visible light responsiveness are dissolved, and the iron component is in solid solution.
- the interior material having a surface layer containing a photocatalyst mixed with the dissolved second titanium oxide fine particles can decompose acetaldehyde gas even under LED irradiation that emits only light in the visible region.
- Table 1 summarizes the evaluation results of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
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Abstract
Description
〔1〕
スズ成分及び可視光応答性を高める遷移金属成分(但し、鉄族成分を除く)が固溶された第1の酸化チタン微粒子と鉄族成分が固溶された第2の酸化チタン微粒子との2種類の酸化チタン微粒子が含有されている可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層を有する内装材。
〔2〕
第1の酸化チタン微粒子に含有されるスズ成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/Sn)で1~1,000である〔1〕記載の内装材。
〔3〕
第1の酸化チタン微粒子に固溶される遷移金属成分が、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、ニオブ、モリブデン、ロジウム、タングステン及びセリウムの群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである〔1〕又は〔2〕記載の内装材。
〔4〕
第1の酸化チタン微粒子に固溶される遷移金属成分が、モリブデン及び/又はバナジウムである〔3〕記載の内装材。
〔5〕
第1の酸化チタン微粒子に含有されるモリブデン成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/Mo)で1~1,000であり、及び/又はバナジウム成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/V)で10~10,000である〔4〕記載の内装材。
〔6〕
第2の酸化チタン微粒子に含有される鉄族成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/鉄族成分)で1~1,000である〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
〔7〕
第2の酸化チタン微粒子に固溶された鉄族成分が、鉄成分である〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
〔8〕
第1の酸化チタン微粒子と第2の酸化チタン微粒子の混合比が、それぞれの質量比[(第1の酸化チタン微粒子)/(第2の酸化チタン微粒子)]で99~0.01である〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
〔9〕
表面層には、バインダーが含有される〔1〕~〔8〕のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
〔10〕
上記バインダーがケイ素化合物系バインダーである〔9〕記載の内装材。
〔11〕
室内の建築材、車内の内装材、家具及び電化製品の群から選ばれる部材である〔1〕~〔10〕のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
〔12〕
内装材本体の表面に、スズ成分及び可視光応答性を高める遷移金属成分(但し、鉄族成分を除く)が固溶された第1の酸化チタン微粒子と鉄族成分が固溶された第2の酸化チタン微粒子との2種類の酸化チタン微粒子を分散させた分散液を塗布することにより、可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層を形成することを特徴とする内装材の製造方法。
〔13〕
上記分散液の塗布方法が、スプレーコート、フローコート、ディップコート、スピンコート、メイヤーバーコート、グラビアコート、ナイフコート、キスコート、ダイコート、又はフィルム転写である〔12〕記載の内装材の製造方法。
本発明の内装材は、内装材本体と該本体の表面に形成される表面層とを有するものであり、該表面層は可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する。この可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層の形成方法については、特に制限はないが、例えば、後述する塗布方法などを採用することにより、可視光応答型光触媒酸化チタン微粒子分散液を内装材本体表面に塗布、乾燥させて作製することができる。
ここで、上記の可視光応答型光触媒酸化チタン微粒子分散液について下記に詳述する。
上記の可視光応答型光触媒酸化チタン微粒子分散液は、水性分散媒中に、組成の異なる酸化チタン微粒子である第1の酸化チタン微粒子と第2の酸化チタン微粒子とが分散されているものであり、第1の酸化チタン微粒子はスズ成分と遷移金属成分(但し、鉄族成分を除く)が固溶された酸化チタン微粒子であり、第2の酸化チタン微粒子は鉄族成分が固溶された酸化チタン微粒子である。
上記の可視光応答型光触媒酸化チタン微粒子分散液の製造方法は、第1の酸化チタン微粒子分散液と第2の酸化チタン微粒子分散液とをそれぞれ製造し、第1の酸化チタン微粒子分散液と第2の酸化チタン微粒子分散液とを混合することにより調製される。
(1)原料チタン化合物、スズ化合物、遷移金属化合物(但し、鉄族化合物を除く)、塩基性物質、過酸化水素及び水性分散媒から、スズ及び遷移金属含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を製造する工程、
(2)上記(1)の工程で製造したスズ及び遷移金属含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を、圧力制御の下、80~250℃で加熱し、スズ及び遷移金属含有酸化チタン微粒子分散液を得る工程、
(3)原料チタン化合物、鉄族化合物、塩基性物質、過酸化水素及び水性分散媒から、鉄族元素含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を製造する工程、
(4)上記(3)の工程で製造した鉄族元素含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を、圧力制御の下、80~250℃で加熱し、鉄族元素含有酸化チタン微粒子分散液を得る工程、
(5)上記(2)、(4)の工程で製造した2種類の酸化チタン微粒子分散液を混合する工程。
また、既に述べたように、工程(1)で用いられる遷移金属化合物としては、モリブデン化合物及び/又はバナジウム化合物を用いることが好ましいので、以下モリブデン化合物及び/又はバナジウム化合物を用いた場合について各工程を詳細に説明する。
工程(1)では、原料チタン化合物、遷移金属化合物、スズ化合物、塩基性物質及び過酸化水素を水性分散媒中で反応させることにより、遷移金属及びスズ含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を製造する。
なお、後者の前段において、水性分散媒中の原料チタン化合物及び塩基性物質を、原料チタン化合物を分散させた水性分散媒と塩基性物質を分散させた水性分散媒のように2液の水性分散媒に分けて、遷移金属化合物及びスズ化合物のそれぞれの化合物の当該2液への溶解性に従って、それぞれの化合物を当該2液のいずれか一方又は両方へ溶解させた後に、両者を混合してもよい。
工程(2)では、上記工程(1)で得られた遷移金属及びスズ含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を、圧力制御の下、80~250℃、好ましくは100~250℃の温度において0.01~24時間水熱反応に供する。反応温度は、反応効率と反応の制御性の観点から80~250℃が適切であり、その結果、遷移金属及びスズ含有ペルオキソチタン酸は、遷移金属及びスズ含有酸化チタン微粒子に変換されていく。なお、ここで圧力制御の下とは、反応温度が分散媒の沸点を超える場合には、反応温度が維持できるように、適宜加圧を行い、反応温度を維持することをいい、分散媒の沸点以下の温度とする場合に大気圧で制御する場合を含む。ここで用いる圧力は、通常0.12~4.5MPa程度、好ましくは0.15~4.5MPa程度、より好ましくは0.20~4.5MPaである。反応時間は、1分~24時間であることが好ましい。この工程(2)により、第1の酸化チタン微粒子である遷移金属及びスズ含有酸化チタン微粒子分散液が得られる。
工程(3)では、上記(1)及び(2)の工程とは別に、原料チタン化合物、鉄族化合物、塩基性物質及び過酸化水素を水性分散媒中で反応させることにより、鉄族元素含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を製造する。反応方法としては、上記工程(1)における遷移金属化合物及びスズ化合物に代えて、鉄族化合物を使用する以外は全く同様の方法で行うことができる。
工程(4)では、上記工程(3)で得られた鉄族元素含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液を、圧力制御の下、80~250℃、好ましくは100~250℃の温度において0.01~24時間水熱反応に供する。反応温度は、反応効率と反応の制御性の観点から80~250℃が適切であり、その結果、鉄族元素含有ペルオキソチタン酸は、鉄族元素含有酸化チタン微粒子に変換されていく。なお、ここで圧力制御の下とは、反応温度が分散媒の沸点を超える場合には、反応温度が維持できるように、適宜加圧を行い、反応温度を維持することをいい、分散媒の沸点以下の温度とする場合に大気圧で制御する場合を含む。ここで用いる圧力は、通常0.12~4.5MPa程度、好ましくは0.15~4.5MPa程度、より好ましくは0.20~4.5MPaである。反応時間は、1分~24時間であることが好ましい。この工程(4)により、第2の酸化チタン微粒子である鉄族元素含有酸化チタン微粒子分散液が得られる。
工程(5)では、工程(1)及び(2)で得られた第1の酸化チタン微粒子分散液と工程(3)及び(4)で得られた第2の酸化チタン微粒子分散液とを混合する。混合方法は特に限定されず、攪拌機で撹拌する方法でも、超音波分散機で分散させる方法でもよい。混合時の温度は20~100℃、時間は1分~3時間であることが好ましい。混合比については、それぞれの酸化チタン微粒子分散液中の酸化チタン微粒子の質量比が、既に述べた通りの質量比になるように混合すればよい。
酸化チタン微粒子分散液の濃度(%)=〔不揮発分質量(g)/酸化チタン微粒子分散液質量(g)〕×100
上記の可視光応答型光触媒酸化チタン微粒子分散液は、内装材本体表面に光触媒薄膜(表面層)を形成させる目的で使用することができる。内装材は、それぞれの目的、用途に応じた様々な形状を有することができる。
非金属無機材料としては、例えば、ガラス、セラミック、石材、石膏等が挙げられる。これらは、タイル、硝子、ミラー、壁、意匠材等の様々な形に製品化されていてもよい。
金属無機材料としては、例えば、鋳鉄、鋼材、鉄、鉄合金、ステンレス、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ニッケル、ニッケル合金、亜鉛ダイキャスト等が挙げられる。これらは、上記金属無機材料のメッキが施されていてもよいし、上記有機材料が塗布されていてもよいし、上記有機材料又は非金属無機材料の表面に施すメッキであってもよい。
分散液中の酸化チタン微粒子の平均粒子径(D50)は、粒度分布測定装置(商品名“ナノトラック粒度分析計UPA-EX150”、日機装(株))を用いて測定した。
分散液を塗布、乾燥することで作製した本発明の内装材(光触媒薄膜)の光触媒活性を、揮発性有機化合物(VOC)であるアセトアルデヒドガスの分解反応により評価した。評価はバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により行った。
具体的には、容積5Lの石英ガラス窓付きステンレス製セル内にA4サイズ(210mm×297mm)に加工した内装材を設置したのち、該セルを湿度50%に調湿した濃度5ppmのアセトアルデヒドガスで満たし、該セル上部に設置したLED(商品型番“TH-211×200SW”、シーシーエス(株)、分光分布:400~800nm)で照度30,000Lxになるように光を照射した。内装材に塗布した光触媒によりアセトアルデヒドガスが分解すると、該セル中のアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下する。そこで、その濃度を測定することで、アセトアルデヒドガス分解量を求めることができる。アセトアルデヒドガス濃度は光音響マルチガスモニタ(商品名“INNOVA1412”、LumaSense社製)を用いて測定し、アセトアルデヒドガス濃度を初期の5ppmから1ppmまで低減させるのに要した時間を比較し、次の基準で評価した。試験は72時間まで実施した。
・非常に良好(◎と表示)・・・24時間以内に低減
・良好(○と表示) ・・・72時間以内に低減
・やや不良(△と表示) ・・・初期濃度(5ppm)からの低減は見られるが、72時間では1ppmまでは低減できない
・不良(×と表示) ・・・初期濃度(5ppm)からの低減が見られない(全く低減されない)
酸化チタン微粒子の結晶相は、得られた酸化チタン微粒子の分散液を105℃、3時間乾燥させて回収した酸化チタン微粒子粉末の粉末X線回折(商品名“卓上型X線回折装置 D2 PHASER”、ブルカー・エイエックスエス(株))を測定することで同定した。
<スズ及びモリブデンが固溶された酸化チタン微粒子分散液の調製>
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化スズ(IV)をTi/Sn(モル比)が20となるように添加・溶解し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、この水溶液に、酸化モリブデン(VI)が前記の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液中のTi成分に対してTi/Mo(モル比)が20となるよう添加・溶解した10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより、スズ及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の、スズ及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Sn+Mo)(モル比)が10となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後50℃で3時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明のスズ及びモリブデン含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(a)を得た。
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化鉄(III)をTi/Fe(モル比)が10となるように添加し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、この水溶液に10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより鉄を含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の鉄を含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Fe)(モル比)が8となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後40℃で2時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明の鉄含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(b)を得た。
天井板として使用される化粧石膏ボードをA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-1)を吐出圧力を0.2MPaに調整したエアスプレーガン(商品型番“LPH-50-S9-10”、アネスト岩田(株))で光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ80nmとなるよう塗工し、20℃の室内で24時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、15時間で1ppm(非常に良好:◎)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
[実施例2]
室内の間仕切り板として使用されるメラミン化粧板をA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-1)を実施例1と同様にエアスプレーガンで光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ60nmとなるよう塗工し、50℃に設定したオーブンで2時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、40時間で1ppm(良好:○)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
[実施例3]
室内の床材として使用されるフロアタイル(塩ビ樹脂系)をA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-1)を実施例1と同様にエアスプレーガンで光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ80nmとなるよう塗工し、150℃に設定したオーブンで1時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、12時間で1ppm(非常に良好:◎)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
<室内用フィルムへの塗工>
コロナ表面処理を施したPETフィルム(商品型番“ルミラー T60”、東レ(株))をA4サイズにカットし、コロナ表面処理を施したフィルム面に実施例1で作製した評価用コーティング液(E-1)をバーコーターで光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ100nmになるよう塗工し、80℃に設定したオーブンで5分間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、12時間で1ppm(非常に良好:◎)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
<スズ及びバナジウムが固溶された酸化チタン微粒子分散液の調製>
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化スズ(IV)をTi/Sn(モル比)が20、硫酸バナジル(IV)をTi/V(モル比)が2000となるように添加・溶解し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより、スズ及びバナジウムを含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8.5であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の、スズ及びバナジウムを含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Sn+V)(モル比)が10となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後50℃で3時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明のスズ及びバナジウム含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(c)を得た。
室内の間仕切り板として使用されるメラミン化粧板をA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-2)を実施例1と同様にエアスプレーガンで光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ60nmとなるよう塗工し、50℃に設定したオーブンで2時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、59時間で1ppm(良好:○)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
<スズ及びモリブデンが固溶された酸化チタン微粒子分散液の調製>
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化スズ(IV)をTi/Sn(モル比)が5となるように添加・溶解し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、この水溶液に、酸化モリブデン(VI)が前記の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液中のTi成分に対してTi/Mo(モル比)が50となるよう添加・溶解した10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより、スズ及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の、スズ及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Sn+Mo)(モル比)が10となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後50℃で3時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明のスズ及びモリブデン含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(d)を得た。
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化鉄(III)をTi/Fe(モル比)が100となるように添加し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、この水溶液に10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより鉄を含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の鉄を含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Fe)(モル比)が8となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後40℃で2時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明の鉄含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(e)を得た。
天井板として使用される化粧石膏ボードをA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-3)を吐出圧力を0.2MPaに調整したエアスプレーガン(商品型番“LPH-50-S9-10”、アネスト岩田(株))で光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ80nmとなるよう塗工し、20℃の室内で24時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、45時間で1ppm(良好:○)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
<スズ及びモリブデンが固溶された酸化チタン微粒子分散液の調製>
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化スズ(IV)をTi/Sn(モル比)が100となるように添加・溶解し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、この水溶液に、酸化モリブデン(VI)が前記の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液中のTi成分に対してTi/Mo(モル比)が5となるよう添加・溶解した10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより、スズ及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の、スズ及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Sn+Mo)(モル比)が10となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後50℃で3時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明のスズ及びモリブデン含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(f)を得た。
室内の間仕切り板として使用されるメラミン化粧板をA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-4)を実施例1と同様にエアスプレーガンで光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ60nmとなるよう塗工し、50℃に設定したオーブンで2時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、70時間で1ppm(良好:○)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
<スズ、バナジウム及びモリブデンが固溶された酸化チタン微粒子分散液の調製>
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液に塩化スズ(IV)をTi/Sn(モル比)が10、硫酸バナジル(IV)をTi/V(モル比)が100となるように添加・溶解し、これを純水で10倍に希釈した後、この水溶液に、酸化モリブデン(VI)が前記の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液中のTi成分に対してTi/Mo(モル比)が500となるよう添加・溶解した10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより、スズ及びバナジウム及びモリブデンを含有する水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは8.5であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の、スズ及びバナジウムを含有する水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/(Ti+Sn+V+Mo)(モル比)が10となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後50℃で3時間撹拌して十分に反応させ、橙色透明のスズ、バナジウム及びモリブデン含有ペルオキソチタン酸溶液(g)を得た。
室内の床材として使用されるフロアタイル(塩ビ樹脂系)をA4サイズにカットし、評価用コーティング液(E-5)を実施例1と同様にエアスプレーガンで光触媒微粒子を含む表面層(光触媒薄膜)が厚さ80nmとなるよう塗工し、150℃に設定したオーブンで1時間乾燥させて、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプル部材を得た。この表面層(光触媒薄膜)のアセトアルデヒドガス分解性能をバッチ式ガス分解性能評価法により測定したところ、LED(波長400~800nm)照射後、65時間で1ppm(良好:○)までアセトアルデヒドガス濃度が低下した。また、可視光下で目視により20cm離れた箇所で表面観察したが、外観異常はなかった。
<酸化チタン微粒子分散液の調製>
36質量%の塩化チタン(IV)水溶液を純水で10倍に希釈した後、10質量%のアンモニア水を徐々に添加して中和、加水分解することにより、水酸化チタンの沈殿物を得た。このときの溶液のpHは9であった。得られた沈殿物を、純水の添加とデカンテーションを繰り返して脱イオン処理した。この脱イオン処理後の、水酸化チタン沈殿物にH2O2/Ti(モル比)が5となるように35質量%過酸化水素水を添加し、その後室温で一昼夜撹拌して十分に反応させ、黄色透明のペルオキソチタン酸溶液(d)を得た。
評価用コーティング液(C-1)を使用したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプルを作製し、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能を測定したところ、LED照射後72時間経過してもアセトアルデヒドガス濃度の低下は観測されなかった(不良:×)。
酸化チタン微粒子(A)の分散液のみから酸化チタン微粒子分散液(c-2)を得た。
評価用コーティング液(C-2)を使用したこと以外は実施例2と同様にして、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプルを作製し、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能を測定したところ、LED照射後72時間経過してもアセトアルデヒドガス濃度は1ppmを下回らなかった(やや不良:△)。
酸化チタン微粒子(B)の分散液のみから酸化チタン微粒子分散液(c-3)を得た。
評価用コーティング液(C-3)を使用したこと以外は実施例3と同様にして、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能評価用サンプルを作製し、アセトアルデヒドガス分解性能を測定したところ、LED照射後72時間経過してもアセトアルデヒドガス濃度の低下は観測されなかった(不良:×)。
Claims (13)
- スズ成分及び可視光応答性を高める遷移金属成分(但し、鉄族成分を除く)が固溶された第1の酸化チタン微粒子と鉄族成分が固溶された第2の酸化チタン微粒子との2種類の酸化チタン微粒子が含有されている可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層を有する内装材。
- 第1の酸化チタン微粒子に含有されるスズ成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/Sn)で1~1,000である請求項1記載の内装材。
- 第1の酸化チタン微粒子に固溶される遷移金属成分が、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、ニオブ、モリブデン、ロジウム、タングステン及びセリウムの群から選ばれる少なくとも1つである請求項1又は2記載の内装材。
- 第1の酸化チタン微粒子に固溶される遷移金属成分が、モリブデン及び/又はバナジウムである請求項3記載の内装材。
- 第1の酸化チタン微粒子に含有されるモリブデン成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/Mo)で1~1,000であり、及び/又はバナジウム成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/V)で10~10,000である請求項4記載の内装材。
- 第2の酸化チタン微粒子に含有される鉄族成分の含有量がチタンとのモル比(Ti/鉄族成分)で1~1,000である請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
- 第2の酸化チタン微粒子に固溶された鉄族成分が、鉄成分である請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
- 第1の酸化チタン微粒子と第2の酸化チタン微粒子の混合比が、それぞれの質量比[(第1の酸化チタン微粒子)/(第2の酸化チタン微粒子)]で99~0.01である請求項1~7のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
- 表面層には、バインダーが含有される請求項1~8のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
- 上記バインダーがケイ素化合物系バインダーである請求項9記載の内装材。
- 室内の建築材、車内の内装材、家具及び電化製品の群から選ばれる部材である請求項1~10のいずれか1項記載の内装材。
- 内装材本体の表面に、スズ成分及び可視光応答性を高める遷移金属成分(但し、鉄族成分を除く)が固溶された第1の酸化チタン微粒子と鉄族成分が固溶された第2の酸化チタン微粒子との2種類の酸化チタン微粒子を分散させた分散液を塗布することにより、可視光応答型光触媒活性を有する表面層を形成することを特徴とする内装材の製造方法。
- 上記分散液の塗布方法が、スプレーコート、フローコート、ディップコート、スピンコート、メイヤーバーコート、グラビアコート、ナイフコート、キスコート、ダイコート、又はフィルム転写である請求項12記載の内装材の製造方法。
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