WO2018012052A1 - ロール表面の付着物除去方法および熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造方法 - Google Patents
ロール表面の付着物除去方法および熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018012052A1 WO2018012052A1 PCT/JP2017/013571 JP2017013571W WO2018012052A1 WO 2018012052 A1 WO2018012052 A1 WO 2018012052A1 JP 2017013571 W JP2017013571 W JP 2017013571W WO 2018012052 A1 WO2018012052 A1 WO 2018012052A1
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- roll
- lamp
- ozone
- wavelength
- thermoplastic resin
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/70—Maintenance
- B29C33/72—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
- B29C48/885—External treatment, e.g. by using air rings for cooling tubular films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
- B29C55/14—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial successively
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0827—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using UV radiation
Definitions
- the present invention produces a deposit on the surface of a roll used for the production of a thermoplastic resin sheet (in this application, a concept including a thermoplastic resin film and a thicker thermoplastic resin sheet of about 1 mm or more).
- a method for removing deposits on the roll surface that can be efficiently removed in-line and a roll from which the deposits on the surface have been removed a high-quality thermoplastic resin sheet with improved surface defects is manufactured. On how to do.
- a molding roll (hereinafter simply referred to as “roll”) is generally used in most processes such as cooling, heating, and stretching.
- thermoplastic resin film by the melt extrusion method, since the melting temperature is as high as about 300 ° C., decomposition such as thermal decomposition and hydrolysis often occurs, and low oligomers and the like generated during decomposition are low. Molecular organic matter scatters from the film surface.
- Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a method of wiping a wiping cloth in contact with a roll
- Patent Literature 3 discloses a method of wiping with a cleaning liquid.
- these methods can slightly reduce organic deposits on the film surface, but they cannot be completely removed, and there is also a problem that the organic matter once wiped falls on the roll surface again. It was not enough to prevent the accumulation of dirt.
- Patent Document 4 Patent Document 5, and Patent Document 6 disclose a method in which deposits on a roll surface are chemically decomposed and cleaned without contact by ultraviolet irradiation with a low-pressure (mercury) UV (UV) lamp. ing.
- a low-pressure UV (UV) lamp UV
- the photolysis action by ultraviolet rays and the oxidation by ozone generated by ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 185 nm are caused by irradiation with ultraviolet rays by a low-pressure mercury lamp including a wavelength of 185 nm or less, which is an ozone generation region, and a wavelength of 185 nm or less.
- This is a method for removing organic substances adhering to the roll surface in a non-contact manner.
- ozone is generated by ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 185 nm or less
- organic substances are decomposed by the oxidizing power of the ozone
- ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm are ozone (O 3 ) Is generated to generate active oxygen (O) to enhance the oxidation action of ozone
- the generation of ozone and the enhancement of the oxidation action of ozone are essential.
- Patent Document 5 clearly states that the ability to decompose organic substances is increased by generating ozone gas. Specifically, an ultraviolet ray with an irradiation intensity of 5 mW / cm 2 and a relatively weak intensity using an excimer lamp having a wavelength of 172 nm.
- the method using an ultraviolet ray generating lamp that utilizes ultraviolet rays having a short wavelength of 220 nm or less has the following serious disadvantages, and therefore it is practically difficult to clean the roll surface of a production machine.
- Met In other words, ozone gas is harmful to the human body, so it is necessary to exhaust the ozone completely, but the exhaust device becomes a large-scale one, and the inside of the lamp around the lamp to prevent the diffusion of ozone has a negative pressure. An enclosed enclosure is required.
- ozone must be efficiently sent to the surface of the roll that rotates at high speed.
- the distance between the lamp and the roll surface is It is necessary to approach to about 2 to 10 mm, and it becomes difficult to evacuate the lamp device, prevent damage, and deal with an accident when troubles such as film breakage that often occur occur.
- the negative pressure inside the enclosure as described above makes it difficult to efficiently supply ozone necessary for decomposing organic matter on the roll surface.
- the use of the generated ultraviolet lamp has been accompanied by a serious drawback that ozone itself often changes the surface of the roll to be treated, such as corrosion and discoloration. Therefore, for roll surfaces such as stainless steel, chrome plating, tungsten carbide (containing Co in binder), such low-pressure ultraviolet radiation that generates ozone is used to clean the roll surface of production machines.
- ultraviolet rays having a wavelength region of 220 nm or less are almost absorbed by oxygen and consumed for generation of ozone, and therefore hardly contribute to decomposition of organic substances on the roll surface.
- ultraviolet light having a wavelength exceeding 220 nm, particularly near 254 nm has an excellent photodegradation effect of organic matter.
- ultraviolet light having these wavelengths is absorbed by the generated ozone. Consumed to break down ozone into atomic oxygen. Therefore, in the irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp on the assumption that the conventional ozone is utilized, the photodegradation effect of the organic matter by the ultraviolet ray is still insufficient.
- Patent Document 7 also proposes a method for decomposing organic substances using a high-pressure mercury lamp in a wavelength region that does not generate ozone.
- this lamp contains more ultraviolet rays on the long wavelength side that do not contribute to the photodecomposition of organic matter, and the incidence of UV rays with a high wavelength that has a high photodecomposition effect on organic matter is low, the output of the high-pressure mercury lamp is reduced. It was necessary to enlarge.
- JP 56-69120 A JP-A-62-225326 Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-3913 Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-65775 JP 2001-341196 A Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 63-266825 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-33812
- the object of the present invention is an ozone-less low-pressure UV that does not substantially generate ozone from deposits such as organic substances on a roll in-line during the production of a thermoplastic resin sheet.
- ozone exhaust device or roll cooling device.
- the roll material there is no limitation on the roll material to be used, and it is intended to provide a method that can remove oligomers etc.
- thermoplastic resin sheet that makes it possible to produce a resin sheet with excellent productivity.
- the present inventors have reached the present invention as a result of intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned problems.
- the present invention adopts the following configuration. That is, (1) In the method of irradiating the surface of a roll used for producing a thermoplastic resin sheet with ultraviolet rays from a UV lamp to remove deposits on the surface of the roll, the UV lamp is a low-pressure UV lamp, and A method for removing deposits on a roll surface is characterized by using an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp that emits ultraviolet light having a specific wavelength that does not generate ozone by eliminating ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 220 nm or less from irradiated light.
- the ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 220 nm or less is substantially eliminated from ultraviolet light having a specific wavelength irradiated from the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp, and substantially means that ozone gas It is only necessary that the ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 220 nm or less that generates light is intentionally lost from the irradiation light from the lamp so that a preferable ozone-less state can be formed.
- the ultraviolet light having a specific wavelength irradiated from the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp may contain light having a long wavelength other than a wavelength of 220 nm or less.
- the said thermoplastic resin sheet-like material is a concept including a thermoplastic resin film of a non-stretched, uniaxially stretched, biaxially stretched, and a thicker thermoplastic resin sheet.
- the ultraviolet rays having the specific wavelength include ultraviolet rays having a wavelength in the range of more than 220 nm and less than or equal to 310 nm, in particular, more than 220 nm and less than or equal to 308 nm Method.
- Ultraviolet light with a wavelength exceeding 220 nm basically does not generate ozone gas, but ultraviolet light with a very long wavelength does not contribute to the photodecomposition of organic matter, and it is necessary to increase the output of the lamp, or the roll surface temperature is desirable. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately suppress the upper limit on the long wavelength side.
- an ozone-less low-pressure mercury lamp as described below is optimal, but an excimer lamp can also be used.
- the above-mentioned 308 nm indicates a wavelength when an excimer lamp is used as an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp.
- the generation of ozone can be reliably controlled by the disappearance of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 185 nm, and the most effective ultraviolet irradiation conditions for removing roll deposits made of organic matter in an ozone-less state by using only ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm. Can be generated.
- Such an ozone-less low-pressure mercury lamp can be used as the most effective ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp in the present invention.
- the glass of the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp is made of quartz glass prepared so as to be capable of regulating the transmission of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 220 nm or less. Removal method.
- the quartz glass prepared so as to be capable of regulating the transmission of ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 220 nm or less include quartz glass doped with a special metal oxide, and quartz glass obtained by adding heavy metal to fused quartz glass.
- the irradiation light from the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp is condensed so as to extend along the surface length direction (also referred to as the width direction of the roll) of the rotated roll, (1) to (4) The method for removing deposits on a roll surface according to any one of the above. That is, in order to efficiently and effectively remove deposits from the surface of the rotating roll, a predetermined ultraviolet ray is condensed and irradiated on a region extending linearly with respect to the roll width direction.
- the tube shape of the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp may be a linear shape extending long in the roll width direction, or may be formed in a folded shape such as a U-shaped tube or a V-shaped tube. What is necessary is just to set suitably in consideration of irradiation intensity and an irradiation area
- the method for removing deposits on a roll surface according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the intensity of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm irradiated on the surface of the roll is controlled to 15 mW / cm 2 or more.
- the intensity of the ultraviolet ray having a specific wavelength irradiated on the surface of the roll may be appropriately controlled so as to obtain the target deposit surface removal performance, but when taking the ultraviolet ray having a wavelength of 254 nm as a reference,
- the strength is preferably controlled to 15 mW / cm 2 or more, more preferably 20 mW / cm 2 or more.
- the material of the surface of the roll is made of a material selected from the group consisting of a metal containing at least stainless steel, hard chrome plating, a ceramic sprayed film, and a tungsten carbide cemented carbide sprayed film. 7) The method for removing deposits on the roll surface according to any one of the above.
- the surface material of the roll which is the target of the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples of the target material include plated metals such as hard chromium and nickel, as well as all metals including stainless steel (SUS), alumina, titania, zirconia, and the like. Examples thereof include a ceramic sprayed film (for example, a plasma sprayed film), a tungsten carbide superalloy sprayed film, and the like. For any surface material, excellent deposit removal performance can be obtained in an ozone-free state.
- thermoplastic resin sheet (9) The roll according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the surface temperature of the roll is heated to a temperature that is 20 ° C. lower than the glass transition temperature of the resin that forms the thermoplastic resin sheet.
- a method for removing deposits on the roll surface If the surface temperature of the roll is too low, the organic matter decomposition rate due to ultraviolet rays becomes too slow, and thus it is preferable that the roll is heated to a temperature higher than the above.
- a more preferable specific temperature varies depending on the type of resin forming the thermoplastic resin sheet, and an example of this will be described later.
- Roll surface deposits are low molecular weight substances such as thermoplastic resin monomers, oligomers, trimers, dimers, cyclic compounds, decomposition products, bleed-out products from thermoplastic resins, or addition to thermoplastic resins
- Removal will be performed.
- the low molecular weight material attached to the roll surface as described in (10) above include those containing at least one of terephthalic acid, bishydroxyethyl terephthalic acid, monohydroxyethyl terephthalic acid, and cyclic compounds. it can.
- thermoplastic resin sheet is made of any of polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, acrylic, and polycarbonate.
- the material of the thermoplastic resin sheet is not particularly limited, but representative examples thereof can be given.
- thermoplastic resin sheet characterized by using a roll from which surface deposits have been removed by the method according to any one of (1) to (12).
- thermoplastic resin sheet in the method for producing a thermoplastic resin sheet is not particularly limited, and includes unstretched and uniaxially stretched, but in particular (14) melt extrusion of thermoplastic resin
- the roll temperature is about 20 ° C. higher than the glass transition temperature. is there.
- the method for removing deposits on the roll surface according to the present invention it is possible to efficiently irradiate ultraviolet rays effective for removing deposits without causing a problem due to ozone without revealing an ozone-less state, Even if it is in-line, the target removal of deposits on the roll surface can be effectively performed.
- a large ozone gas exhaust device is not required, and since a low pressure UV lamp is used, the power consumption is low, the life is long, and the running cost is low.
- thermoplastic resin sheet according to the present invention using this roll surface deposit removal method, excellent roll surface deposit removal performance can be obtained stably in-line. It becomes possible to produce a high-quality thermoplastic resin sheet-like material free from surface defects due to kimono with high productivity.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic configuration diagram of an effect confirmation test apparatus according to the present invention
- FIG. 3B is a schematic plan view of a lamp used in the apparatus of FIG.
- It is a characteristic view which shows the ultraviolet-ray transmission characteristic of an ozone-less quartz glass tube.
- It is a characteristic view which shows the spectrum of an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp.
- It is a graph which shows the UV irradiation test result to PET oligomer.
- thermoplastic resin sheet is a thermoplastic resin film
- the method for removing deposits on the roll surface according to the present invention is very effective when the roll contaminated with organic matter is irradiated with ozone-less low-pressure UV rays having a specific wavelength that does not substantially generate ozone. Is capable of efficiently decomposing and removing adhering organic substances from the roll surface contaminated during the production of thermoplastic resin films by ozone without adversely affecting the human body or the surface of the roll to be processed, and has excellent handleability.
- the present invention provides a method for removing organic substances on a roll surface at a low running cost.
- ozone generation of 0.05 ppm or less that does not cause harmful damage to the human body is usually acceptable, but ozone generation is not preferred even at this level, so ozone-less in the present invention means ozone generation. Is aiming for a state of nothing.
- the present invention is to irradiate the surface of the roll used for the production of the thermoplastic resin film with ultraviolet rays from an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp having a specific wavelength that does not substantially include a wavelength of 220 nm or less.
- the present invention relates to a method for removing deposits on a roll surface, wherein the ultraviolet ray having a specific wavelength substantially irradiates a specific ultraviolet ray having a wavelength of more than 220 nm and not more than 308 nm.
- the ultraviolet rays irradiated from the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp As for the ultraviolet rays irradiated from the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp to be used, the ultraviolet rays having a low wavelength of 220 nm or less are substantially eliminated and the specific ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of substantially more than 220 nm and 308 nm or less are irradiated as described above.
- the lamp tube is made of fused silica glass mixed with heavy metal to absorb the low-wavelength ultraviolet light. The approach is suitable, thereby enabling an ozone-less low-pressure UV-ray lamp that emits only ultraviolet light with a wavelength of substantially 254 nm.
- an ultraviolet ray source a mercury lamp in which a light emitting material such as mercury is enclosed can be used.
- a discharge lamp of mercury vapor is used.
- low pressure, high pressure and ultrahigh pressure mercury lamp, etc. It is divided into.
- a low-pressure mercury lamp that mainly emits ultraviolet rays with wavelengths of 185 nm and 254 nm, and a lamp tube using a material in which heavy metal is mixed with fused silica glass that absorbs ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 185 nm or less that generates ozone as described above.
- an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp that is, an ozone-less low-pressure mercury lamp
- an excimer lamp capable of outputting ultraviolet light having a specific wavelength of 220 nm or more that does not substantially generate ozone can be used instead of the low-pressure mercury lamp.
- An excimer is a dimer of an excited state atom and a ground state atom. By generating high energy such as discharge plasma in the lamp tube, the atom in the discharge tube can be brought into an excimer state. When returning from the excimer state to the ground state, intense ultraviolet light is generated by a phenomenon called excimer emission.
- Excimer lamps can efficiently extract light of a specific single wavelength.
- ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 220 nm or more can be obtained from a rare gas halogen excimer lamp using a mixed gas of a rare gas such as Xe, Ar, Kr and a halogen gas as a discharge gas. Since the discharge gas contains a halogen gas such as F, Cl, or Br that has a high reactivity with a metal other than a rare gas, a single dielectric electrode cannot be used. Although it can be driven with a low applied voltage, the internal electrode of the single dielectric excimer lamp is placed in the discharge space, so that the excited halogen reacts with the electrode and the halogen gas is consumed.
- a rare gas such as Xe, Ar, Kr
- a halogen gas such as F, Cl, or Br
- the rare gas halogen excimer lamp currently in practical use utilizes a glass tube coated with a metal electrode on the entire inner surface as a dielectric, so that the metal electrode and the discharge gas are not in direct contact, so-called double cylindrical double Dielectric type electrodes are used.
- This double dielectric lamp is difficult to increase in length and size and is expensive.
- high frequency and high voltage (several Hz to several MHz, several kV) must be applied between the electrodes to emit light (drive).
- the larger the size and the higher the output the greater the burden on the power supply design for in-line use. Becomes larger.
- a rare gas excimer lamp that uses only rare gases such as Xe (172 nm), Ar (162 nm), Kr (146 nm), etc.
- An excimer fluorescent lamp capable of producing ozone-less UV having a substantial wavelength range of 238 to 310 nm by applying a UV-emitting phosphor on the inside and surface of a Xe excimer lamp having a single wavelength of 172 nm has been put into practical use. However, it is phosphor emission by an excimer lamp that efficiently emits only a single wavelength, but the emission spectrum of this excimer fluorescent lamp is widely spread over the entire wavelength range of 238 to 310 nm.
- the metal electrode in the discharge space is damaged by the collision of rare gas ions, and the inner surface of the discharge tube becomes cloudy due to the adhesion of sputtered metal generated by the collision of rare gas ions and transmits ultraviolet light. Since the rate also decreases, the life of a single dielectric type rare gas excimer lamp having a metal electrode in the discharge space is considerably shorter than that of a double dielectric type.
- a low-pressure mercury lamp that emits only a wavelength of 254 nm that is effective for decomposing organic matter by substantially eliminating ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 220 nm or less from the irradiation light, that is, an ozone-less low-pressure mercury lamp. It is more preferable to use
- the irradiation lamp tube shape is a linear ultraviolet lamp that is long in the roll width direction (roll surface length direction), and can be irradiated uniformly over a relatively wide range, but its irradiation intensity
- the rate of decomposition of organic deposits contaminating the roll surface may not be able to keep up with the deposition rate. May become attached.
- the irradiation intensity of ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm that contributes to decomposition gasification of the organic deposit is controlled to 15 mW / cm 2 or more to remove the organic deposit. Is preferred.
- the condensing method is not particularly limited, for example, a method of condensing light by installing a condensing reflecting mirror in an ultraviolet lamp enclosure is simple in terms of apparatus.
- the ultraviolet light collected in this way has high energy, and it is possible to dramatically improve the decomposition rate.
- the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp tube shape may be a folded lamp shape such as a U-shaped tube or a V-shaped tube.
- the irradiation area is increased and the irradiation time is prolonged, and the decomposition of the organic matter can be promoted even if the irradiation intensity is as low as about 15 mW / cm 2 .
- the entire roll surface can be cleaned even if the lamp tube length is short.
- the traverse speed is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to travel at about 10 to 50 mm / min. By traversing, a short lamp can be used, and there is an advantage that the lamp replacement cost and the like can be suppressed at a lower cost than using a long lamp with a full roll effective width.
- thermoplastic resin film examples include a casting roll, a transition roll, a calendar roll, a cooling roll, a preheating roll, a stretching roll, and a nip roll.
- a surface material of these rolls stainless steel (SUS), ceramic plasma sprayed film, plating of chromium or nickel, sprayed film of tungsten carbide superalloy, sandblasted one, etc. can be generally used.
- SUS stainless steel
- ceramic plasma sprayed film plating of chromium or nickel, sprayed film of tungsten carbide superalloy, sandblasted one, etc.
- the application of the present invention is not preferable because ultraviolet rays have a decomposition effect on not only the organic matter on the roll surface but also the roll surface material.
- the surface temperature of the roll is preferably heated to a temperature that is 20 ° C. lower than the glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic resin, but is not necessarily limited thereto. If the surface temperature of the roll to be treated is considerably lower than the glass transition temperature Tg of the film (too low), it is not preferable because the decomposition rate of the organic matter due to ultraviolet rays becomes slow.
- the surface temperature of the roll is preferably slightly higher from the vicinity of the glass transition temperature of the polymer to be used because the decomposition rate of the organic matter is faster. For example, in the case of forming a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film, the glass transition temperature is 70 ° C. Therefore, about 50 to 95 ° C. is preferable.
- the distance between the surface of the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp and the film a larger distance is preferable because it is excellent in handleability, and about 30 to 100 mm is preferable.
- a sufficient decomposition rate can be obtained at such a distance in the case of a low-pressure mercury lamp, and a sufficient organic substance decomposition rate cannot be obtained by excimer laser irradiation or irradiation from a high-pressure mercury lamp.
- the organic deposit in the present invention is derived from a thermoplastic resin, and the organic compound adhered to the process roll is, for example, a low molecular weight product, decomposed product, bleed-out product, or additive of a thermoplastic resin. is there. Furthermore, sublimates, oils and fats, dust, etc. contained in the air are also included.
- the main low molecular weight materials are polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resins, monomers such as terephthalic acid, bishydroxyethyl terephthalic acid and monohydroxyethyl terephthalic acid, and oligomers such as dimers, trimers and cyclic trimers. Is the target.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- monomers such as terephthalic acid, bishydroxyethyl terephthalic acid and monohydroxyethyl terephthalic acid
- oligomers such as dimers, trimers and cyclic trimers.
- dimers, trimers and cyclic trimers
- thermoplastic resin shown in the present invention is typically a resin selected from, for example, polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, polyphenyl sulfide, and mixtures and modified products thereof, and particularly, polyester resin and polyamide resin. Is preferable as the target resin.
- the polyester here is a polymer compound having an ester bond in the molecular main chain and is usually synthesized by a polycondensation reaction from a diol and a dicarboxylic acid, but is typically represented by hydroxybenzoic acid.
- a compound that self-condenses, such as a hydroxycarboxylic acid may be used.
- the diol compound include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexene glycol represented by HO (CH 2 ) n OH, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, ethylene oxide adduct, propylene oxide adduct, and the like. Examples thereof include ether-containing diols, and the like alone or a mixture thereof.
- dicarboxylic acid compounds include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid , And mixtures thereof.
- the polyester film used in the present invention is polyethylene ethylene terephthalate
- it can be produced by a conventionally known production method. That is, direct reaction of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol and, if necessary, the copolymerization component to distill off water and esterify, followed by polycondensation under reduced pressure, or dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol and necessary Can be produced by a transesterification method in which polycondensation is performed under reduced pressure after reacting the copolymer component to distill off methyl alcohol for transesterification. Further, in order to increase the intrinsic viscosity and reduce the cyclic trimer, acetaldehyde content and the like, solid phase polymerization may be performed.
- the melt polycondensation reaction may be performed in a batch reactor or a continuous reactor. In any of these methods, the melt polycondensation reaction may be performed in one stage or may be performed in multiple stages. Similarly to the melt polycondensation reaction, the solid phase polymerization reaction can also be performed by a batch apparatus or a continuous apparatus. Melt polycondensation and solid phase polymerization may be carried out continuously or separately.
- polyester resins include, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and copolymers thereof, polycyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PCT), polylactic acid (PLA) and the like.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PLA polylactic acid
- these resins may be homo resins, copolymers or blends.
- the repeating unit of these polymer compounds is preferably 80 or more, more preferably 120 or more.
- the polyamide resin is a polymer compound having an amide bond in the main chain, and representative examples thereof include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 11, nylon 46, nylon 12, Examples thereof include polyamide compounds selected from nylon 7, polymetaxylylene adipamide mXD6, polyhexamethylene terephthalamide / isophthalamide 6T / 6I, 9T nylon, and related copolymers and mixtures thereof.
- nylon 6 and its copolymer, polymetaxylylene adipamide mXD6 and its copolymer are preferred polyamides.
- Polyolefin resins include polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), methylpentene polymer (PMP), cyclic cycloolefin (COP / COC), ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), vinyl acetate polymer (EVA), and those Various copolymers can be used.
- thermoplastic resins used in the present invention may include a colorant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a lubricant, an antiblocking agent, a nucleating agent, a release agent, and the like as necessary. It can be added within the range.
- thermoplastic resin film in the present invention will be described more specifically as an example applied to a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PET resin as a raw material or a raw material in which other compounds are added and blended as necessary, for example, liquid crystal polymer and other polyester resins, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, mica, Preparation of raw materials that are mixed with inorganic compounds such as talc and kaolin, cross-linked polyester, cross-linked polystyrene, ethylene bisstearylamide, ionic polymer compounds, organic compounds such as ionomers, etc.
- inorganic compounds such as talc and kaolin
- cross-linked polyester cross-linked polystyrene
- ethylene bisstearylamide ionic polymer compounds
- organic compounds such as ionomers, etc.
- the molten resin is filtered through an appropriate filter, such as metal fiber sintered (FSS), powdered sintered metal (PSS), porous ceramic, sand, wire mesh, etc. Extrude while filtering through.
- FSS metal fiber sintered
- PSS powdered sintered metal
- porous ceramic porous ceramic
- sand wire mesh
- the draft ratio when extruding the molten film from the die is preferably 3 or more, more preferably in the range of 5 to 10, so that the thickness unevenness is small. It is easy to obtain a film with good flatness.
- the melted polyester resin is extruded, and the molten resin film is mirror-chrome plated as a cooling medium with a wire electrode or a blade electrode charged to the negative electrode at a voltage of about 5 to 15 kv. It is brought into close contact with a super mirror surface casting drum of about 005 ⁇ m and rapidly cooled.
- thermoplastic resin sheets when these thermoplastic resin sheets are melt-extruded, it is possible to produce a sheet by cooling and solidifying while applying an electrostatic charge to the molten resin sheet as described above, in terms of suppressing crystallization and homogenizing the thickness. This is preferable from the viewpoint of preventing contamination on the surface of the rapid cooling casting drum.
- the film is heated to a glass transition temperature Tg or higher and a cold crystallization temperature Tcc or lower of the polymer while being brought into contact with a ceramic roll (surface roughness Ra 0.3 ⁇ m) such as chromium oxide.
- the film is stretched in the machine direction (longitudinal direction of the film) in about one time or in multiple stages, and if necessary, an aqueous coating solution may be coated on the longitudinally stretched film.
- the film is stretched in the biaxial direction by a sequential biaxial stretching method in which the film is stretched 1.1 to 8.0 times in the transverse direction (film width direction) by widening the clip width at both ends. Furthermore, in order to make a film having a strong strength in the longitudinal direction, the film may be stretched by being brought into contact with the roll again in the longitudinal direction.
- This biaxial stretching may be a simultaneous biaxial stretching method in which longitudinal and transverse stretching are simultaneously performed.
- the organic substance on the roll is used as the main component of the present invention.
- the organic substance is decomposed and removed by ozoneless low-pressure UV irradiation with a specific wavelength, which is a special feature, and the roll surface can be kept clean.
- the degree of crystallinity of the thermoplastic resin improves as the heating progresses, and the organic matter dispersed in the resin tends to bleed out, and the amount of organic matter present on the film surface is very high. Since it increases, an organic substance tends to adhere to the longitudinally-stretching roll that comes into contact with the film, and the film tends to become dirty. Therefore, the method of the present invention is very effective when used for a longitudinal stretching roll or a re-longitudinal stretching roll. Further, since the present invention has a high organic substance removing effect, the roll can be kept clean even if the transfer amount of the organic deposit increases due to an increase in casting speed.
- thermoplastic resin film having no surface defects can be produced with high productivity by the method for producing a thermoplastic resin film of the present invention using the method for removing deposits on the roll surface according to the present invention described above.
- thermoplastic resin film thus obtained can be widely used for optics, magnetic recording media, electrical insulation, condensers, and other general industrial applications where surface defects are a problem.
- Temperature rise of roll The case where the temperature rises by 2 ° C. or more due to ultraviolet irradiation from the temperature set to a temperature suitable for film formation was evaluated as x, and the case where there was no such temperature increase was rated as “ ⁇ ”.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the PET resin After drying the PET resin so that the water content is 20 ppm or less, it is supplied to an extruder, melted at 280 ° C., extruded at a discharge rate of 3 t / h, filtered through a 10 ⁇ m cut metal fiber sintered filter. Then, it was introduced into a die and a molten film was discharged. The negative film was applied to the molten film from a wire-like electrode having a diameter of 0.06 mm, and was brought into close contact with a cooling roll to be cooled and solidified.
- the extruded film is preheated with a chrome plating roll at a preheating temperature of 72 ° C., then further heated with a ceramic roll, stretched 3.5 times at a stretching temperature of 95 ° C. with a longitudinal stretching machine, and then a glass transition temperature. Cooled below Tg. Subsequently, both ends in the width direction of the longitudinally stretched film are guided to a tenter while being clipped, and stretched 3.8 times in the width direction in a hot air atmosphere heated to a stretching temperature of 90 ° C., and then heat-fixed at 225 ° C. A film having a thickness of 25 ⁇ m was formed.
- the main wavelength of the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp is set to clean the roll.
- the roll surface was irradiated with only 254 nm and the ultraviolet intensity of 20 mW / cm 2 .
- a straight tube having a length in the roll width direction of 160 mm was used for the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp.
- the lamp was traversed in the width direction of the roll (moving speed 20 m / min), and continuously irradiated to the longitudinally stretched preheating roll.
- the power used for the ozoneless low pressure UV lamp was 110 W and the lamp life was about 6000 hours. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 A film was formed under the same conditions as in Example 1. However, at this time, the irradiation intensity was adjusted to 50 mW / cm 2 . The obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 A film was formed under the same conditions as in Example 1. However, the irradiation intensity at this time was adjusted to 180 mW / cm 2 . The obtained results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 The ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp used in Example 1 is surrounded by a chamber, and the angle of the condenser mirror installed in the four sides of the chamber and the distance between the roll and the ultraviolet lamp are adjusted so that the irradiation intensity is 120 mW / cm 2. Condensed ultraviolet rays. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. It was confirmed that the irradiation intensity could be adjusted by condensing with a condensing mirror. However, at the same time, it was also confirmed that if the irradiation intensity can be adjusted within a preferable range even if the light is not condensed, the target deposit surface removal effect can be obtained.
- Example 5 This is a lamp with a length of 1010 mm, a single ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp bent six times in a U shape, and the length of one lamp is about 160 mm, so that there are apparently six lamps to irradiate the roll. The roll was irradiated. The obtained results are shown in Table 1. It was confirmed that the same excellent deposit removal effect on the roll surface could be obtained even if the shape of the lamp was changed.
- Example 6 A film was formed under the same conditions as in Example 1. However, at this time, the irradiation intensity was adjusted to 10 mW / cm 2 . The obtained results are shown in Table 1. Since the effect of removing deposits on the roll surface was slightly reduced by reducing the irradiation intensity, it was found that the irradiation intensity is preferably about 15 mW / cm 2 or more.
- Comparative Example 1 The ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp used in Example 1 is replaced with a normal low-pressure mercury lamp that irradiates UV light having a wavelength of 185 nm and ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 185 nm, and UV light is irradiated under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- a normal low-pressure mercury lamp that irradiates UV light having a wavelength of 185 nm and ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 185 nm, and UV light is irradiated under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- ozone Since ozone is generated by the ultraviolet rays from the lamp, black spots appear on the chrome-plated roll of the roll to be treated, or defects such as partial corrosion are found, and the preheating roll is damaged, Since the film was scratched, production could not be continued.
- this ozone gas has a bad influence on the human body, the air around the lamp was forcibly exhausted, but it was difficult to exhaust completely, and there was an ozone smell. The results
- Comparative Example 2 A film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp used in Example 1 was turned off, but the surface of the film obtained by the oligomer adhering to the preheating roll over time was scratched. Or foreign matter was attached.
- Example 3 When the film was formed in exactly the same manner as in Example 1 except that the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp used in Example 1 was irradiated with 1 kW (power consumption 1000 W) instead of the high-pressure mercury lamp, the roll was cleaned. Not only slowly, the roll surface temperature increased with time, and the film partially adhered to the roll, resulting in film surface defects. Furthermore, the electric power used in this lamp is as large as 1000 W compared to 110 W in the first embodiment, the lamp life is also shorter than about 6,000 hours in the first embodiment, and the lamp price is high, resulting in high running costs. There was also a drawback.
- Example 6 As a result, particularly in Examples 1 to 5 (to the extent that there is no practical problem in Example 6), there is no roll contamination, and there is no film slip on the roll, no scratches on the film surface, no scratches, etc. there were. There was no problem of roll soiling, which was a problem even for long-time film formation.
- the film thus obtained was an excellent flat film having no roll dirt or surface defects.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 In contrast, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, slight deposits were already observed on the roll surface 24 hours after film formation, and film slipping and scratch transfer occurred on the roll after 72 hours. On the surface of the biaxially stretched film obtained at this time, there were many surface defects such as scratches and scratches as well as adhesion of foreign matters.
- the ultraviolet rays generated from the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp used for the test are substantially only ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm, which is a shorter wavelength. Therefore, they are very easily absorbed by the PET oligomer, and the decomposing power of the PET oligomer is high. I guess that. In order to confirm this, an experiment for decomposing and removing the PET oligomer by ozone-less low-pressure UV irradiation was performed. Using the image processing software “ImageJ”, the oligomer removal ability of the ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp was examined by measuring the residual oligomer amount on the sample surface as a gray value from a digital camera photograph.
- Oligomer type A TD (transverse) stretch line part: The oligomer was collected from the TD (transverse) stretch line 3 part of the PET biaxially stretched film production line schematically shown in FIG. 1 (rough composition is terephthalic acid (TPA): 20%, mono-2-hydroxy as shown in the figure) (Ethyl terephthalic acid (MHT): 30%, cyclic compound (abbreviated as cyclization), especially cyclic trimer: 10%, the rest are other substances.)
- TPA terephthalic acid
- MHT Ether terephthalic acid
- B MD (longitudinal) stretch line part (indicated by reference numeral 2 in FIG.
- Gray Value is 160 to 170 in the standard gray scale shown in FIG.
- the oligomer is completely removed.
- the Gray Value begins to fall, and shows an intermediate value between the Gray Value of the oligomer and the substrate surface. Therefore, until it becomes the same Gray Value as the substrate surface, it is shown that the higher the Gray Value, the more oligomer residue.
- Measured data was the average value of the entire region surrounded by the measurement frame of the measurement target sample or the Gray Value (Pixel unit) on the measurement line.
- This method for measuring the residual amount of oligomer is a method in which the visual judgment is semi-quantified, but the reproducibility is good.
- PET oligomer coating solution 0.8 g of oligomer was added to 100 cc ethanol and mixed by stirring.
- Reagent TPA coating solution 1 g of reagent TPA (terephthalic acid) is dissolved in 100 cc N, N dimethylformamide. This solution is further mixed with toluene 1: 1.
- Application of oligomer Apply once or twice with a bifold 15W ⁇ 50L waste soaked with the coating solution.
- Test piece set and irradiation distance installed on a silicon rubber heater, irradiation distance 65 mm.
- Temperature adjustment of the test piece A thermocouple for temperature control is set on the surface of the test piece.
- the test was performed with the blower operating.
- Test apparatus An irradiation tester 10 shown in Fig. 3A was used. As shown in FIG. 3A, a test piece 14 is set on a stage 13 whose position and height can be adjusted by a guide rail 11 and a lab jack handle 12, and the terminal block 16 is exhausted from a duct port 15. The test piece 14 was irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a specific wavelength from an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp 18 fed through the lamp terminal block 17 while utilizing reflection by the reflector 19. As shown in FIG.
- the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp device 20 for testing is a surface of 160 ⁇ 160 (mm) obtained by bending an ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp 18 having a substantial light emission length of ⁇ 16 ⁇ 1100 L (mm) five times. What was processed into a cylindrical heater was used.
- Glass tube material of ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp Ozone-less quartz glass (Fused quartz glass that is capable of blocking ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 220 nm or less, which has the risk of generating ozone, and at the same time added heavy metal or the like so that absorption at a wavelength of 254 nm is small. )
- Lamp power 110W UV illuminance: 15 mW / cm 2 (irradiation distance 60 to 65 mm)
- Lamp cooling forced air cooling by blower
- the ultraviolet transmission characteristics of the ozoneless quartz glass used are shown in FIG. 4 as a relationship diagram between wavelength (Wavelength: nm) and transmittance (transmittance:%) in comparison with ordinary fused silica glass and synthetic quartz glass.
- the spectrum of the ozoneless low-pressure UV lamp used is shown in FIG. 5 as a relationship diagram between wavelength (Wavelength: nm) and relative intensity (%).
- FIGS. Type of oligomer B Base material (test piece): HCr As Platting UV irradiation distance: 65 mm Substrate temperature: 71-75 ° C Gray Value measuring frame shape: 30mm x 50mm The measurement value was an average value of values along a 30 mm wide line parallel to the reference line of the measurement frame.
- the masking is moved to the UV non-irradiated part, the 2-hour irradiated part, the 3-hour irradiated part, the 5-hour irradiated part, and the 7-hour irradiated part for classification.
- the remaining oligomer amount at the position of the segment was measured with Gray Value, the result shown in FIG. 13 was obtained.
- the representative values of the remaining amount of oligomers at the respective division positions are read from the graph of FIG. 13 and summarized, the results are shown in Table 4, and the graph is shown in FIG.
- the present invention does not cause problems associated with ozone generation by irradiating only ultraviolet rays having a specific wavelength that does not generate ozone using an ozone-less low-pressure UV lamp. It is a method that can decompose and gasify the compound deposits so that the remaining amount of the compound does not remain or even if it remains, and can be effectively removed effectively. This was demonstrated by the series of tests described above.
- the method for removing deposits on the roll surface according to the present invention can be applied to the production of any thermoplastic resin sheet in which dirt on the roll surface is a problem.
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Abstract
Description
(1)熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造に用いられるロールの表面にUVランプからの紫外線を照射してロール表面の付着物を除去する方法において、前記UVランプとして、低圧UVランプであり、かつ、照射光から220nm以下の波長の紫外線を消失させてオゾンを発生させない特定波長の紫外線を照射するオゾンレス低圧UVランプを用いることを特徴とする、ロール表面の付着物除去方法である。ここで、上記オゾンレス低圧UVランプから照射される特定波長の紫外線から、220nm以下の波長の紫外線が実質的に消失されていればよく、実質的にとは、基本的にと言うことで、オゾンガスを発生させる220nm以下の波長の紫外線が、好ましいオゾンレスの状態を形成できるようにランプからの照射光から意図的に消失されていればよい。また、上記オゾンレス低圧UVランプから照射される特定波長の紫外線には、波長220nm以下以外の長波長の光が多少とも含まれていてもよい。なお、上記熱可塑性樹脂シート状物とは、未延伸、一軸延伸、二軸延伸の熱可塑性樹脂フィルムをはじめ、より厚い熱可塑性樹脂シートまで含む概念である。
(13)(1)~(12)のいずれかに記載の方法により表面の付着物が除去されたロールを用いることを特徴とする、熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造方法、についても提供する。
次に本発明で使用した物性および特性の測定法について以下に述べる。
25℃で、o-クロロフェノールを溶媒として次式より求めた。
[η]= lm[ηsp/c]
比粘度ηspは、相対粘度ηrから1を引いたものである。cは、濃度である。単位は
dl/gで表わす。
セイコー電子工業(現在セイコーインスツル社)製DSC RDC220型を用い、ポリエステルを5mg秤量し、窒素ガス雰囲気下20℃/分の速度で昇温して300℃になった時点でクエンチし、再度20℃/分の速度で300℃まで昇温しながらベースラインがシフトする温度をガラス転移点(Tg)、冷結晶化発熱ピーク温度(Tcc)、吸熱ピーク温度を融点(Tm)として測定した。300℃に到達した後、さらに20℃/分の速度で降温させ、溶融結晶化発熱ピーク温度(Tmc)を測定した。
浜松ホトニクス社製UV-METER C6080-02を用い、波長254nmの照射強度を測定した。
ロール上のオリゴマー汚れは、製膜開始前に縦延伸ロールを十分に清掃し、製膜開始から72時間後の汚れ状態をそれぞれ目視で観察し、製膜前と変わらずきれいなものを「◎」、汚れがほとんど見られないものを「○」、ごく薄く汚れ(白く濁った程度)が確認できるが使用を続けて問題ないものを「△」、汚れがかなり厚く付着し、掃除または交換が必要なものを「×」と評価した。
紫外線照射前後で表面状態を観察し、着色、腐食、表面荒れなどの表面変化のないものを〇、ダメージの有るものを×とした。
フィルムの製膜に相応しい温度に設定されている温度より、紫外線照射により2℃以上上昇する場合を×とし、そのような温度上昇のない場合を「○」とした。
熱可塑性樹脂として、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)(固有粘度[η]=0.61、ガラス転移温度Tgは70℃、冷結晶化温度Tccは128℃、融点Tmは265℃、溶融結晶化発熱ピーク温度Tmcは215℃、添加剤として平均粒径0.25μmの酸化珪素粒子を0.1wt%含有)を用いた。該PET樹脂の含水率が20ppm以下になるように乾燥した後、押出機に供給して280℃で溶融して3t/hの吐出量で押出し、10μmカットの金属繊維燒結フィルターを通過させて濾過し、口金に導入して溶融フィルムを吐出し、この溶融フィルムに0.06mm径のワイヤー状の電極から負の静電荷を印加させながら冷却ロール上に密着させ冷却、固化させた。該押出フィルムをクロムメッキロールを用いて予熱温度72℃で予備加熱し、その後セラミックロールにてさらに加熱して、長手方向延伸機で延伸温度95℃で3.5倍延伸した後、ガラス転移温度Tg以下に冷却した。続いて該長手方向延伸フィルムの幅方向両端をクリップで把持しながらテンターに導き、延伸温度90℃に加熱された熱風雰囲気中で幅方向に3.8倍延伸後、225℃で熱固定して、厚さ25μmのフィルムを製膜した。
実施例1と同様の条件で製膜した。ただし、このとき照射強度は50mW/cm2 になるように調節した。得られた結果を表1に示す。
実施例1と同様の条件で製膜した。ただし、このときの照射強度は180mW/cm2 になるように調節した。得られた結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いたオゾンレス低圧UVランプをチャンバーで囲い、同チャンバーの四方に設置された集光鏡の角度と、ロールと紫外線ランプの距離を調節して、照射強度120mW/cm2 になるように紫外線を集光した。得られた結果を表1に示す。集光鏡による集光で照射強度を調整可能なことを確認した。但し同時に、とくに集光しなくても、照射強度を好ましい範囲に調整できれば、目標とするロール表面の付着物除去効果が得られることも確認した。
長さ1010mmの長い1本のオゾンレス低圧UVランプをU字型に6回折り曲げて、1本のランプ長さを約160mmにして、ロールに照射するランプを見掛け上6本有るようにしたランプでロールに照射した。得られた結果を表1に示す。ランプの形状を変えても同様の優れたロール表面の付着物除去効果が得られることを確認した。
実施例1と同様の条件で製膜した。ただし、このとき照射強度は10mW/cm2 になるように調節した。得られた結果を表1に示す。照射強度を低下させたことによりロール表面の付着物除去効果が若干低下したので、照射強度としては15mW/cm2 程度以上が望ましいことが判った。
実施例1で用いたオゾンレス低圧UVランプを、254nmの波長の紫外線とともに、オゾンが発生する185nmの波長の紫外線を照射する通常の低圧水銀ランプに代え、実施例1と同様の条件で紫外線を照射して製膜した。ランプからの紫外線によりオゾンが発生したので、被処理ロールのクロムメッキ処理ロールに黒い斑点が出たり、一部腐食のような欠点が見つかったりして、該予熱ロールにダメージが発生しており、フィルムに傷が発生したので、継続して生産はできなかった。さらに、このオゾンガスは人体にも悪影響を与えるので、強制的にランプ周りの空気を排出させたが、完璧な排出は難しく、オゾン臭がしていた。このテストの結果を表1に示した。
実施例1で用いたオゾンレス低圧UVランプの電源を切った以外は実施例1と同じようにしてフィルムを製膜したが、予熱ロールに経時でオリゴマーが付着して得られたフィルム表面にスクラッチ傷や、異物が付着していた。
実施例1で用いたオゾンレス低圧UVランプを高圧水銀ランプに代えて1kW(使用電力1000W)の照射を行った他は、実施例1と全く同じようにして製膜したところ、ロールのクリーン化が遅いばかり、ロール表面温度が経時と共に上昇して行き、フィルムが部分的にロールに粘着しフィルム表面欠点となった。さらに、このランプで用いる電力も、実施例1の110Wに比べ1000Wと大きく、またランプ寿命も実施例1の約6000時間に比べ約1000時間と短く、しかもランプ価格も高く、ランニングコストが高く付くと言う欠点もあった。
1.試験の概要
310nm以下の波長の紫外線はPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)フィルムに対する透過率はゼロである。これらの紫外線はPETに100%吸収される。PETのオリゴマーは、PETとほぼ同じ組成比のベンゼン核とカルボニル基からなる類似の分子構造のモノマーで構成されていることが判っている。したがって、PETのオリゴマーも310nm以下の波長の紫外線を効率良く吸収すると思われる。試験に用いたオゾンレス低圧UVランプから発生する紫外線は、実質的に、さらに短波長の254nmの波長の紫外線のみであることから、PETオリゴマーに対して極めて吸収されやすく、PETオリゴマーの分解力が高いことが推測される。これを確認するために、このオゾンレス低圧UV照射によるPETオリゴマーの分解除去実験を行った。画像処理ソフト“ImageJ”を使用して、デジタルカメラ写真から試料表面のオリゴマー残量をGray Valueとして測定する方法で、オゾンレス低圧UVランプのオリゴマー除去能力を調べた。
A:TD(横)延伸ライン部:
図1に概略構成を示すPET二軸延伸フィルム製造ラインのTD(横)延伸ライン3部分からオリゴマーを採取(概略組成は図に示すようにテレフタル酸(TPA):20%、モノ-2-ヒドロキシエチルテレフタル酸(MHT):30%、環状化合物(環化と略して表記)、特に環状3量体:10%、残りはそれ以外の物質である。)
B:MD(縦)延伸ライン部(図1に符号2で表示):
採取が難しいため、市販試薬テレフタル酸を代用し、TPA:70%、環状化合物(環化)、特に環状3量体:30%に調製して使用
C:キャスティング装置部:
A-PET(非晶[Amorphous]-PET)シート製造ラインの冷却ロール1(キャスティングロール)[図1]上部のTダイス4周辺からオリゴマーを採集(TPA:20%、MHT:15%、BHT(ビス-2-ヒドロキシエチルテレフタル酸):5%、環状化合物(環化)、特に環状3量体:7%、残りはそれ以外の物質である。)
AT:黒灰色アルミナチタニヤ(Al2O3/40%TiO2)プラズマ溶射膜
Ra:0.08μm以下の研磨仕上げ面
HCr 0.2S:ハードクロムめっき、表面粗度0.2S以下の鏡面研磨面
HCr As Plating:ハードクロムめっき、めっき後のままの磨き無し表面
WCNiCr:タングステンカーバイド系(WC/20%Ni/7%Cr)高速フレーム溶射(HVOF)膜、Ra:0.08μm以下の研磨仕上げ面
オリゴマーの付着量はわずかであるため、重量減量は天秤の測定誤差範囲となり重量減ではオリゴマー分解量は判断できない。オリゴマー塗布膜表面は基材よりGray Value(白色度)が高いので、目視だとオリゴマーの残留状態は容易に判断できるが、定量的な表現ができない。そこで、画像処理ソフト“ImageJ”で試験片のデジタルカメラ写真をグレイに変換後に、オリゴマー付着部のピクセル単位のGray Valueを測定し、オリゴマー汚れの残留量の指標とした。
(1)PETオリゴマー塗布液:オリゴマー0.8gを100ccエタノールに添加し、攪拌混合。
試薬TPA の塗布液:試薬TPA(テレフタル酸)1gを100ccN,Nジメチルホルムアミドに溶解。この溶解液をさらにトルエンと1:1 混合。
(2)オリゴマーの塗布:塗布液を浸みこませた二つ折り15W×50Lウエスで1~2回塗り。
(3)試験片のセットと照射距離:シリコンラバーヒーター上に設置、照射距離65mm。
(4)試験片の温度調整:試験片の表面に温調用熱電対をセット。
(5)ブロアーを作動させた状態で試験を行なった。
(6)規定時間ごとに、オリゴマーの分解状況をデジタルカメラで撮影。
図3(A)に示す照射試験機10を用いた。図3(A)に示すように、ガイドレール11とラボジャッキ・ハンドル12により位置、高さが調整可能なステージ13上に試験片14をセットし、ダクト口15から排気しながら、端子台16、ランプ端子台17を介して給電されるオゾンレス低圧UVランプ18からの特定波長の紫外線を、反射板19による反射も利用しつつ、試験片14に照射した。図3(B)に示すように、この試験用オゾンレス低圧UVランプ装置20としては、実質発光長φ16×1100L(mm)のオゾンレス低圧UVランプ18を5回折り曲げて160×160(mm)の面状ヒーターに加工したものを用いた。
ランプ電力:110W
UV照度:15mW/cm2(照射距離60~65mm)
ランプ冷却:ブロアーによる強制空冷
下記の条件で試験した。試験結果を表2および図6に示す。さらに、Gray Value測定のためにデジタルカメラで撮影した映像の代表例を図7、図8に示す。
オリゴマーの種類:A
基材(試験片):(1)HCr 0.2S
(2)WCNiCr
(3)AT
(4)HCr As Plating
基材温度:71~75℃
Gray Value の測定枠形状:10×10mm
オリゴマーの種類:A
基材 :HCr As Plating
UV照射距離 :65mm
Gray Value の測定枠形状:10×10mm
測定値は測定枠内部の平均値とした。結果を表3および図9に示す。
下記の条件で試験した。試験結果を図10および図11に示す。
オリゴマーの種類 :B
基材(試験片):HCr As Plating
UV照射距離 :65mm
基材温度 :71~75℃
Gray Value の測定枠形状:30mm×50mm
測定値は、測定枠の基準線に平行で、30mm幅の線に沿った値の平均値とした。
下記の条件で試験した。試験結果を図12~図14および表4に示す。
オリゴマーの種類:C(A-PETシートオリゴマー)
基材(試験片):HCr 0.2S
基材温度 :30~35℃
Gray Value の測定枠形状:25mm×37mm
測定値は、測定枠の基準線に平行で、25mm幅の線に沿った値の平均値とした。
2 MD(縦)延伸ライン
3 TD(横)延伸ライン
4 Tダイス
10 照射試験機
11 ガイドレール
12 ラボジャッキ・ハンドル
13 ステージ
14 試験片
15 ダクト口
16 端子台
17 ランプ端子台
18 オゾンレス低圧UVランプ
19 反射板
20 試験用オゾンレス低圧UVランプ装置
Claims (14)
- 熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造に用いられるロールの表面にUVランプからの紫外線を照射してロール表面の付着物を除去する方法において、前記UVランプとして、低圧UVランプであり、かつ、照射光から220nm以下の波長の紫外線を消失させてオゾンを発生させない特定波長の紫外線を照射するオゾンレス低圧UVランプを用いることを特徴とする、ロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記特定波長の紫外線が、220nmを超え310nm以下の範囲内の波長の紫外線を含んでいる、請求項1に記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記特定波長の紫外線が、実質的に254nmの波長の紫外線のみを含んでいる、請求項2に記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記オゾンレス低圧UVランプの管に、220nm以下の波長の紫外線の透過を規制可能に調製された石英ガラスを用いる、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記オゾンレス低圧UVランプからの照射光を、回転される前記ロールの面長方向に沿って延びるように集光させる、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記ロールの表面に照射する254nmの波長の紫外線の強度を、15mW/cm2以上に制御する、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記オゾンレス低圧UVランプの紫外線照射部を、回転される前記ロールの面長方向に沿って往復動させる、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記ロールの表面の材質が、少なくともステンレスを含む金属、硬質クロムメッキ、セラミック溶射膜、炭化タングステン系超硬合金の溶射膜からなる群から選ばれた材質からなる、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記ロールの表面温度が熱可塑性樹脂シート状物を形成する樹脂のガラス転移点温度よりも20℃低い温度以上に加熱されている、請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- ロール表面の付着物が、熱可塑性樹脂のモノマー、オリゴマ-、トリマー、ダイマー、環状化合物などの低分子量物、分解物、熱可塑性樹脂からのブリードアウト物、あるいは熱可塑性樹脂への添加物である、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- ロール表面の付着物に、テレフタル酸、ビスヒドロキシエチルテレフタル酸、モノヒドロキシエチルテレフタル酸、環状化合物のうち、少なくとも一種が含まれている、請求項10に記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂シート状物が、ポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、アクリル、ポリカーボネートのいずれかよりなる、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のロール表面の付着物除去方法。
- 請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の方法により表面の付着物が除去されたロールを用いることを特徴とする、熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造方法。
- 熱可塑性樹脂を溶融押出後に二軸延伸する、請求項13に記載の熱可塑性樹脂シート状物の製造方法。
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JPH0811186A (ja) * | 1994-07-04 | 1996-01-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ロール表面の洗浄装置 |
JPH10315243A (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Nec Kyushu Ltd | 樹脂封止金型の洗浄方法およびその装置 |
JP2002225113A (ja) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-14 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ロール表面の付着物除去装置 |
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KR20080071989A (ko) * | 2005-11-21 | 2008-08-05 | 코니카 미놀타 옵토 인코포레이티드 | 광학 필름의 처리 방법, 광학 필름의 처리 장치 및 광학필름의 제조 방법 |
JP2009255311A (ja) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-11-05 | Tachi S Co Ltd | 残留発泡液除去装置 |
US8394203B2 (en) * | 2008-10-02 | 2013-03-12 | Molecular Imprints, Inc. | In-situ cleaning of an imprint lithography tool |
JP2011148247A (ja) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-08-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 光学フィルム製造用ロール金型の洗浄方法 |
CN102791453B (zh) * | 2010-03-08 | 2014-08-06 | 夏普株式会社 | 脱模处理方法、模具、防反射膜的制造方法、脱模处理装置以及模具的清洗干燥装置 |
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JPH0811186A (ja) * | 1994-07-04 | 1996-01-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ロール表面の洗浄装置 |
JPH10315243A (ja) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-12-02 | Nec Kyushu Ltd | 樹脂封止金型の洗浄方法およびその装置 |
JP2002225113A (ja) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-14 | Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ロール表面の付着物除去装置 |
JP2006113115A (ja) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-27 | Canon Inc | 弾性部材の表面処理方法 |
JP2015033812A (ja) * | 2013-08-09 | 2015-02-19 | 東洋紡株式会社 | ロール表面の有機付着物の除去方法 |
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