WO2017214743A1 - 聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺 - Google Patents

聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺 Download PDF

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WO2017214743A1
WO2017214743A1 PCT/CN2016/000327 CN2016000327W WO2017214743A1 WO 2017214743 A1 WO2017214743 A1 WO 2017214743A1 CN 2016000327 W CN2016000327 W CN 2016000327W WO 2017214743 A1 WO2017214743 A1 WO 2017214743A1
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powder
poly
solution
phenylenediamine
terephthaloyl
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PCT/CN2016/000327
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨磊
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杨磊
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/32—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids from aromatic diamines and aromatic dicarboxylic acids with both amino and carboxylic groups aromatically bound
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/28—Preparatory processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of preparation of polyparaphenylene diamine, in particular to a preparation process of polyparaphenylene terephthalamide.
  • Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) belongs to a liquid crystalline rod-like molecule. Due to the rigidity of the molecular chain, it has lyotropic liquid crystallinity. It is easy to form anisotropic texture under the action of shear force in solution. . It has high heat resistance, the glass transition temperature is above 300 ° C, the thermal decomposition temperature is as high as 560 ° C, and the strength retention rate is 84% after being placed in air at 180 ° C for 48 hours. High tensile strength and initial elastic modulus, fiber strength 0.215 Newtons/denier, modulus 4.9 to 9.8 Newtons/denier, specific strength 5 times that of steel, compression and flexural strength for composites only lower than inorganic fibers .
  • Stable heat shrinkage and creep properties in addition to high insulation and chemical resistance, it has very good thermal stability, fire resistance, chemical resistance, insulation, low erosion, and high strength and modulus It is a raw material for making important chemical fibers for cut-proof gloves and insulating gloves. Usually, it is polymerized by a low temperature solution polycondensation method.
  • the solvent is hexamethylphosphoramide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone and tetramethylurea.
  • the phase separation occurs after the polymer is formed, the molecular weight and polymerization conditions, impurities and Solvent related.
  • the product is hardly soluble in the solvent, and the phase separation quickly occurs. From the liquid state to the solid-like viscoelastic gel material, the heat transfer and mass transfer during the reaction are difficult, and the molecular chain is limited. Growth, the molecular chain is widely distributed.
  • the present invention provides a process for preparing poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), which is continuously polycondensed into a polyparaphenylene terephthalamide by a terephthalic acid chloride solution feeding method, and the raw material is simple. It is easy to obtain; it is easy to accurately measure, and the high relative molecular mass of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) can be continuously prepared by using a twin-screw which is rotated in the same direction as a main reactor, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
  • step (5) the step of terephthaloyl chloride (3 mmol) of - para-phenylenediamine -CaCl 2 solution of step (4) obtained in accordance with terephthalic acid chloride solution ratio of 2 was added twin screw extrusion reaction The reaction is carried out in the machine, the reaction time is 5 min-6 min, and the polyparaphenylene terephthalamide powder is extruded;
  • the CaCl 2 is analytically pure.
  • the heater temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 142 ° C - 143 ° C.
  • the cooling temperature in the step (3) is controlled at 82 ° C - 83 ° C.
  • the rotation speed of the screw of the twin-screw reaction extruder should be controlled at 90 r/min.
  • the step (6) is washed 2-3 times with cold water.
  • the invention provides a preparation process of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), which is continuously polycondensed into a polyparaphenylene terephthalamide by a terephthalic acid chloride solution feeding method, and the raw material is simple and easy to obtain; It is easy to accurately measure, and the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide with higher relative molecular mass is continuously prepared by using a twin-screw which is rotated in the same direction as a main reactor.
  • a process for preparing poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) comprises the following steps:
  • step (5) the step of terephthaloyl chloride (3 mmol) of - para-phenylenediamine -CaCl 2 solution of step (4) obtained in accordance with terephthalic acid chloride solution ratio of 2 was added twin screw extrusion reaction The reaction is carried out in the machine, the reaction time is 5 min-6 min, and the polyparaphenylene terephthalamide powder is extruded;
  • the N-methylpyrrolidone, p-phenylenediamine, and terephthaloyl chloride are chemically pure.
  • the CaCl 2 is analytically pure.
  • the heater temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 142 ° C - 143 ° C.
  • the cooling temperature in the step (3) is controlled at 82 ° C - 83 ° C.
  • the rotation speed of the screw of the twin-screw reaction extruder should be controlled at 90 r/min.
  • a process for preparing poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) comprises the following steps:
  • the N-methylpyrrolidone, p-phenylenediamine, and terephthaloyl chloride are chemically pure.
  • the heater temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 142 ° C - 143 ° C.
  • the cooling temperature in the step (3) is controlled at 82 ° C - 83 ° C.
  • the rotation speed of the screw of the twin-screw reaction extruder should be controlled at 90 r/min.
  • the step (6) is washed 2-3 times with cold water.
  • a process for preparing poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) comprises the following steps:
  • the N-methylpyrrolidone, p-phenylenediamine, and terephthaloyl chloride are chemically pure.
  • the CaCl 2 is analytically pure.
  • the heater temperature in the step (2) is controlled at 142 ° C - 143 ° C.
  • the cooling temperature in the step (3) is controlled at 82 ° C - 83 ° C.
  • the rotation speed of the screw of the twin-screw reaction extruder should be controlled at 90 r/min.
  • the step (6) is washed 2-3 times with cold water.
  • an advantage of the present invention is that the present invention employs a process for preparing poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), which is continuously polycondensed into a polyparaphenylene pair by a solution of a terephthalic acid chloride solution.
  • Diphenylamine the raw material is simple and easy to obtain; it can realize easy and accurate metering, and the poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide with higher relative molecular mass can be continuously prepared by using the twin-screw which rotates in the same direction as the main reactor.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其步骤：在反应釜中加入15g-20g的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和20g-30g的CaCl 2配制成N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液；在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液加入16g-18g的对苯二胺粉末，通入干燥氮气并不断搅拌至粉末完全溶解；溶液冷却后，加入12g-15g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，反应15min-17min，得到对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl 2溶液；配制浓度为25％-30％的对苯二甲酰氯溶液；将对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl 2溶液与对苯二甲酰氯溶液按照2∶1的比例加入双螺杆反应挤出机中进行反应，反应时间5min-6min，挤出聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末；用冷水洗涤数次致中性，在120℃-130℃下干燥4.5h-5.5h，得到淡黄色的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合体。该方法精确计量，可连续制备较高相对分子质量的聚合体。

Description

一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及聚对二苯胺制备技术领域，具体涉及一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺。
背景技术
聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺是属于一种液态结晶性棒状分子，由于分子链的刚性，有溶致液晶性，在溶液中在剪切力作用下极易形成各向异性态织构。具有高耐热性，玻璃化温度在300℃以上，热分解温度高达560℃，180℃空气中放置48小时后强度保持率为84％。高抗拉强度和起始弹性模量，纤维强度0.215牛顿/旦，模量4.9～9.8牛顿/旦，比强度是钢的5倍，用于复合材料时压缩和抗弯强度仅低于无机纤维。热收缩和蠕变性能稳定，此外还有高绝缘性和耐化学腐蚀性，它具有非常好的热稳定性，抗火性，抗化学性，绝缘性，低侵蚀性，以及高强度及模数，是制作防割手套和绝缘手套的一种重要化学纤维的原料。通常采用低温溶液缩聚方法聚合，溶剂为六甲基磷酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和四甲基脲等，聚合物生成后即发生相分离，分子量与聚合条件、杂质及溶剂有关。但在缩聚反应过程中产物难溶于溶剂，其很快发生相分离，由液态变为类似固体的黏弹态凝胶物质，使反应过程中传热与传质产生困难，限制了分子链的增长，分子链分布较宽。
发明内容
针对以上问题，本发明提供了一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，采用对苯二甲酰氯溶液进料法双螺杆连续缩聚合成聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺，原料简单易得；可以实现易精确计量，用啮合同向旋转的双螺杆作为主反应器连续化制备较高相对分子质量的聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺，可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)在装有加热器和温度计的反应釜中加入15g-20g的N-甲基吡咯 烷酮和20g-30g的CaCl2，再加入250ml蒸馏水，得到N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液；
(2)打开加热器进行加热，在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液加入16g-18g的对苯二胺粉末，通入干燥氮气并不断搅拌至粉末完全溶解；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的溶液冷却后，加入12g-15g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，反应15min-17min，得到对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液；
(4)在三口瓶中加入25g-30g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，配制成浓度为25％-30％的对苯二甲酰氯溶液；
(5)将步骤(3)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液与步骤(4)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯溶液按照2∶1的比例加入双螺杆反应挤出机中进行反应，反应时间5min-6min，挤出聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末；
(6)将得到聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末用冷水洗涤数次致中性，在120℃-130℃下干燥4.5h-5.5h，得到淡黄色的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合体；
根据上述技术方案，所述N-甲基吡咯烷酮、对苯二胺、对苯二甲酰氯为化学纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述CaCl2为分析纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(2)中的加热器温度控制在142℃-143℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(3)中的冷却温度控制在82℃-83℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述双螺杆反应挤出机的螺杆的转速应控制在90r/min。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(6)中用冷水冲洗2-3次。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明提供了一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，采用对苯二甲酰氯溶液进料法双螺杆连续缩聚合成聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺，原料简单易得；可以实现易精确计量，用啮合同向旋转的双螺杆作为主反应器连续化制备较高相对分子质量的聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1：
一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)在装有加热器和温度计的反应釜中加入18g的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和27g的CaCl2，再加入200ml蒸馏水，得到N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液；
(2)打开加热器进行加热，在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液加入17g的对苯二胺粉末，通入干燥氮气并不断搅拌至粉末完全溶解；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的溶液冷却后，加入13g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，反应15min-17min，得到对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液；
(4)在三口瓶中加入27g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，配制成浓度为27％的对苯二甲酰氯溶液；
(5)将步骤(3)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液与步骤(4)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯溶液按照2∶1的比例加入双螺杆反应挤出机中进行反应，反应时间5min-6min，挤出聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末；
(6)将得到聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末用冷水洗涤数次致中性，在120℃-130℃下干燥4.5h-5.5h，得到淡黄色的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合体；
根据上述技术方案，所述N-甲基吡咯烷酮、对苯二胺、对苯二甲酰氯为化学纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述CaCl2为分析纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(2)中的加热器温度控制在142℃-143℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(3)中的冷却温度控制在82℃-83℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述双螺杆反应挤出机的螺杆的转速应控制在90r/min。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(6)中用冷水冲洗2-3次。
实施例2：
一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
((1)在装有加热器和温度计的反应釜中加入15g-20g的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和20g-30g的CaCl2，再加入250ml蒸馏水，得到N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液；
(2)打开加热器进行加热，在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液加入16g-18g的对苯二胺粉末，通入干燥氮气并不断搅拌至粉末完全溶解；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的溶液冷却后，加入12g-15g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，反应16min，得到对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液；
(4)在三口瓶中加入25g-30g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，配制成浓度为25％-30％的对苯二甲酰氯溶液；
(5)将步骤(3)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液与步骤(4)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯溶液按照2∶1的比例加入双螺杆反应挤出机中进行反应，反应时间5min，挤出聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末；
(6)将得到聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末用冷水洗涤数次致中性，在125℃下干燥4.5h-5.5h，得到淡黄色的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合体；
根据上述技术方案，所述N-甲基吡咯烷酮、对苯二胺、对苯二甲酰氯为化学纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述CaCl2为分析纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(2)中的加热器温度控制在142℃-143℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(3)中的冷却温度控制在82℃-83℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述双螺杆反应挤出机的螺杆的转速应控制在90r/min。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(6)中用冷水冲洗2-3次。
实施例3：
一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
((1)在装有加热器和温度计的反应釜中加入15g的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和20g的CaCl2，再加入180ml蒸馏水，得到N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙 溶液；
(2)打开加热器进行加热，在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液加入16g的对苯二胺粉末，通入干燥氮气并不断搅拌至粉末完全溶解；
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的溶液冷却后，加入12g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，反应15minn，得到对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液；
(4)在三口瓶中加入25g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，配制成浓度为25％的对苯二甲酰氯溶液；
(5)将步骤(3)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液与步骤(4)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯溶液按照2∶1的比例加入双螺杆反应挤出机中进行反应，反应时间5min，挤出聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末；
(6)将得到聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末用冷水洗涤数次致中性，在120℃下干燥4.5h，得到淡黄色的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合体；
根据上述技术方案，所述N-甲基吡咯烷酮、对苯二胺、对苯二甲酰氯为化学纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述CaCl2为分析纯。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(2)中的加热器温度控制在142℃-143℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(3)中的冷却温度控制在82℃-83℃。
根据上述技术方案，所述双螺杆反应挤出机的螺杆的转速应控制在90r/min。
根据上述技术方案，所述步骤(6)中用冷水冲洗2-3次。
基于上述，本发明的优点在于，本发明采用了一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，采用对苯二甲酰氯溶液进料法双螺杆连续缩聚合成聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺，原料简单易得；可以实现易精确计量，用啮合同向旋转的双螺杆作为主反应器连续化制备较高相对分子质量的聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)在装有加热器和温度计的反应釜中加入15g-20g的N-甲基吡咯烷酮和20g-30g的CaCl2，再加入250ml蒸馏水，得到N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液；
    (2)打开加热器进行加热，在N-甲基吡咯烷酮-氯化钙溶液加入16g-18g的对苯二胺粉末，通入干燥氮气并不断搅拌至粉末完全溶解；
    (3)将步骤(2)中得到的溶液冷却后，加入12g-15g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，反应15min-17min，得到对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液；
    (4)在三口瓶中加入25g-30g的对苯二甲酰氯粉末，配制成浓度为25％-30％的对苯二甲酰氯溶液；
    (5)将步骤(3)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯-对苯二胺-CaCl2溶液与步骤(4)中得到的对苯二甲酰氯溶液按照2∶1的比例加入双螺杆反应挤出机中进行反应，反应时间5min-6min，挤出聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末；
    (6)将得到聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺粉末用冷水洗涤数次致中性，在120℃-130℃下干燥4.5h-5.5h，得到淡黄色的聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺聚合体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述N一甲基吡咯烷酮、对苯二胺、对苯二甲酰氯为化学纯。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述CaCl2为分析纯。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)中的加热器温度控制在142℃-143℃。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中的冷却温度控制在82℃-83℃。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其特征在于，所述双螺杆反应挤出机的螺杆的转速应控制在90r/min。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺，其 特征在于，所述步骤(6)中用冷水冲洗2-3次。
PCT/CN2016/000327 2016-06-13 2016-06-22 聚对苯二甲酰对二苯胺的制备工艺 WO2017214743A1 (zh)

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