WO2017179365A1 - スラグの分析方法及び溶融鉄の精錬方法 - Google Patents
スラグの分析方法及び溶融鉄の精錬方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017179365A1 WO2017179365A1 PCT/JP2017/011089 JP2017011089W WO2017179365A1 WO 2017179365 A1 WO2017179365 A1 WO 2017179365A1 JP 2017011089 W JP2017011089 W JP 2017011089W WO 2017179365 A1 WO2017179365 A1 WO 2017179365A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/04—Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus or sulfur
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material by irradiating the sample with X-rays or gamma-rays and by measuring X-ray fluorescence
Definitions
- the element to be analyzed is preferably at least two kinds including calcium and silicon, which are essential for the evaluation of basicity.
- elements to be analyzed other than calcium and silicon include magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and titanium. (Ti), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), etc. are mentioned.
- the collected slag sample piece is porous and has many voids. For this reason, even if the slag surface is smoothed by polishing or the like so as to adopt the direct method, there are fine pores in some places, and the basicity based on the analysis value obtained by analyzing the collected sample is measured. It varies widely depending on the position. Another problem is that the basicity obtained by the direct method has a high measured value. This is considered that the apparent basicity increases because the fluorescent X-ray intensity from silicon belonging to the soft X-ray region is attenuated by the air present in the voids of the slag sample piece.
- the thickness of the slag particle group in the measurement container is sufficient as long as the bottom of the measurement container is completely hidden.
- the surface of the slag particle group may be inclined or mountain-shaped, but in such a case, the measurement container may be flattened by applying vibrations. In other words, it is only necessary to secure a portion where the X-ray irradiation part of the hand-held X-ray fluorescence analyzer is brought into contact with no gap. That is, there is no restriction on the filling method as long as a portion that allows the X-ray irradiation part of the handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzer to contact without gaps can be secured.
- a sample for analysis was prepared using a briquette method and a glass bead method (process analysis method), and slag basicity was measured under the same conditions as described above.
- Fig. 1 shows the measurement results of slag basicity of each analytical sample.
- the basicity of slag is about 1.20 in both analytical samples prepared by the briquette method and the glass bead method, and the basicity of slag used for the test is about 1.20.
- the measured value of the slag basicity of the sample for analysis as collected is about 2.40, which decreases as the particle size of the slag particles becomes smaller, and the particle size of the slag particles becomes 0.1 mm.
- the thickness was less than 1.2 mm and when the thickness was 1.2 mm or more and less than 2.0 mm, the basicity was almost equal to the analytical sample prepared by the briquette method and the glass bead method.
- the particle size distribution of the slag particles passing through the sieve is 100% particle size (cumulative mass percentage is 100% in a cumulative particle size distribution curve expressed as mass percentage as a fine curve with zero as the fine particle side.
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of basicity.
- the particle size of the slag particles As described above, the attenuation of the fluorescent X-ray intensity of silicon due to the voids is reduced to a negligible level, the analysis accuracy is improved, and the basicity analysis value is determined by the briquette method or glass beads. It became clear that it was almost the same as the analytical value obtained by the law.
- the time required to crush and screen the slag particles to make an analysis sample is about 30 seconds, and the basicity of the slag can be measured in a short time of about 1 minute when combined with the subsequent analysis time. Met.
- the slag can be pulverized to the above particle size, there is no restriction on the pulverization method. For example, by adjusting the gap width of the jaw crusher to an appropriate setting value, D 90 ⁇ 2.0 mm is satisfied. Slag particles having a particle size can be obtained.
- the slag sample With D 90 ⁇ 2.0 mm results almost the same good results as basicity as determined by briquettes method or glass bead method is obtained, of extensive further study, It was found that the analysis accuracy tends to decrease as the content of fine powdered slag particles increases. The reason for this is that the obtained sample is non-uniform as a mixture of fine pulverized slag and granular slag, that is, a portion with a large proportion of granular slag and a portion with a large proportion of fine pulverized slag. In addition, it is considered that there is a bias in the sample.
- each slag particle group was filled into a cylindrical (petriform) measurement container having an inner diameter of 90 mm to obtain an analysis sample, and the slag basicity was determined by a handheld X-ray fluorescence analyzer (measuring point 6). Point).
- Table 2 shows the measurement results of basicity.
- the slag sample for the base measurement it was found to be essential is D 10 ⁇ 0.1 mm and D 90 ⁇ 2.0 mm.
- the aperture size passes through a 2.0 mm sieve and the aperture size is
- an analysis sample having a desired particle diameter of 2.0 mm or less and from which fine particles are removed can be obtained.
- the operation time required for sieving is sufficiently shortened by using a sieve having an opening size of 2.0 mm and a sieve having an opening size of 0.1 mm, which is suitable for rapid analysis. It is.
- slag is sampled during the intermediate slagging process from the end of the desiliconization process, and the collected slag is converted to the machine side of the converter type refining furnace. Then, a simple sample preparation process of coarse pulverization and sieving is performed, and slag particles satisfying D 10 ⁇ 0.1 mm and D 90 ⁇ 2.0 mm are collected. Thereafter, the collected slag particles are filled into a measurement container to obtain an analysis sample, the composition of the slag is quantitatively analyzed by fluorescent X-ray analysis, and the basicity of the slag is measured from the analysis value.
- a desiliconization process for desiliconizing the hot metal discharged from the blast furnace, and the desiliconized hot metal was left in the converter-type smelting furnace.
- An intermediate waste process for discharging the desiliconization slag generated by the desiliconization process in the state from the converter type refining furnace, and a dephosphorization process for removing the phosphorus remaining in the converter type refining furnace A molten iron refining method in which a hot metal process is performed in this order and a hot metal process in which the dephosphorized hot metal is discharged from the converter-type refining furnace in this order, and the hot metal is pretreated.
- the composition of the slag is quantitatively analyzed by the slag analysis method according to the present invention, and the basicity of the desiliconized slag is obtained based on the analysis result.
- the slag sample piece used for the analysis sample is not particularly limited as long as it can be collected during the intermediate evacuation process from the end of the desiliconization process.
- Slag sample pieces can be collected from the converter smelting furnace using a sub lance immediately after the desiliconization process is completed, slag is collected from the tilted furnace port during intermediate discharge, after discharge
- a method of collecting from the slag in the slag container can be employed.
- FIG. 2 shows the basicity of desiliconized slag obtained from the basicity of the desiliconized slag obtained by the slag analyzing method according to the present invention and the analytical value of the analytical sample prepared by the briquette method carried out in the analysis room. It is a figure which compares and shows a degree. As shown in FIG. 2, it can be confirmed that there is a good linear relationship between the two. Details regarding FIG. 2 will be described later.
- a conventional dephosphorization process is performed in which gaseous oxygen or iron oxide is supplied into the furnace as an oxygen source.
- the target value of slag basicity is set from the target concentration value of hot metal before hot phosphorus removal, hot metal phosphorus temperature, hot metal phosphorus concentration after dephosphorization treatment, etc. and measured by applying the slag analysis method according to the present invention.
- the addition amount of the CaO-based solvent is determined based on the material balance from the component analysis result of the desiliconized slag and the residual slag amount in the furnace.
- the molten iron after dephosphorization is tilted in the converter-type smelting furnace and discharged into the hot metal container from the hot water outlet installed in the converter-type smelting furnace, while the slag after dephosphorization (dephosphorization process) Part or all of the slag produced in step 1 is referred to as “dephosphorization slag”) in the converter type refining furnace.
- dephosphorization slag slag after dephosphorization (dephosphorization process) Part or all of the slag produced in step 1
- new hot metal hot metal used in the next charge
- desiliconization processing of the hot metal of the next charge is started. Since the slag of the previous charge remains in the converter type refining furnace after the next charge, the desiliconization treatment can be performed without adding a CaO-based solvent. However, when the slag basicity is lowered, a CaO-based solvent is added.
- the addition amount of the CaO-based solvent is determined based on the mass balance from the amount of residual slag estimated from the mass measurement value of the slag storage container that stores the dephosphorization slag discharged in the waste disposal process.
- the generated molten steel is tilted in the converter-type smelting furnace, and the molten steel is discharged from the hot water outlet installed in the converter-type smelting furnace into the molten steel container, and the slag after decarburization treatment (decarburized slag) ) Are left in the converter-type refining furnace.
- new hot metal hot metal used in the next charge
- dephosphorization processing for the next charge is started.
- components other than calcium (Ca) and silicon (Si) in the slag can be analyzed by the same procedure. For example, by measuring and controlling the MgO content in the slag, It is possible to prepare a slag having an appropriate composition that is effective in prolonging life and has little expansion as a roadbed material.
- an efficient dephosphorization treatment can be performed by measuring and controlling the FeO X content in the slag.
- FeO X in the slag contributes to the oxidation of phosphorus in the hot metal and the hatching of the slag.
- For efficient dephosphorization treatment 5 to 15% by mass of slag is contained in the slag. The presence of FeO X is desired. Therefore, in the dephosphorization of hot metal using a converter type refining furnace, an iron oxide-based medium solvent is used as a part of the iron making agent.
- iron oxide-based medium solvent for controlling the FeO X content in the slag examples include iron ore powder, sintered ore powder that is a mixture of iron ore and quicklime, and dust collection dust in the iron making process.
- FeO X refers to all iron oxides such as FeO and Fe 2 O 3 .
- hot metal including desiliconization and dephosphorization
- hot metal is decarburized using one converter-type smelting furnace.
- the decarburization process to make molten steel is repeated, after the hot water (steeling), at least a part of the slag remains in the furnace and the molten iron is newly charged into the converter type refining furnace. Refining of molten iron with a charge of may be performed. This is performed in order to utilize the dephosphorization ability which the slag after a process has for the dephosphorization process and decarburization process of the hot metal of the next charge.
- desiliconization, intermediate waste, and dephosphorization are performed in this order to preliminarily treat the molten iron.
- desiliconized slag was collected from the converter type refining furnace.
- Each collected slag was divided into two, and one was used for the slag analysis method (the method of the present invention) according to the present invention, and the other was used for the conventional slag analysis method (conventional method) implemented as a process analysis.
- the basicity ((mass% CaO) / (mass% SiO 2 )) of desiliconized slag was compared between the method of the present invention and the conventional method. In the method of the present invention, everything from the preparation of the analysis sample to the analysis was performed on the machine side of the converter type refining furnace.
- sample preparation method for analysis The analytical sample preparation method and analysis conditions in the method of the present invention are as follows.
- Sample preparation method for analysis The slag is coarsely crushed with a jaw crusher set to a pulverization particle size of 2.0 mm, and further sieved with a sieve having an opening size of 0.1 mm and a sieve having an opening size of 2.0 mm. Then, slag particles of 0.1 mm or more and less than 2.0 mm were collected, and the collected slag particle group was filled in a measurement container to obtain an analysis sample.
- sample preparation method for analysis A sample for analysis was prepared by the briquette method. Specifically, a sample obtained by pulverizing slag to a particle size of 75 ⁇ m or less, filling the pulverized slag into a dedicated metal container (diameter: 40 mm, thickness: 5 mm) and press-molding it was used as an analysis sample.
- Analysis conditions Using a wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analyzer (Rigaku Simultix), X-rays were irradiated at an output of 50 kV and 50 mA. The number of measurement points was 1 for each analysis sample, and calcium and silicon were used as elements to be analyzed. The calibration curve method was used as a method for quantifying calcium and silicon.
- the slag analysis method according to the present invention is used to preliminarily treat the hot metal by performing desiliconization treatment, intermediate waste removal, and dephosphorization treatment in this order by using one converter-type refining furnace having a capacity of 250 tons.
- the slag composition was analyzed, and refining (Example 1 of the present invention) was performed to determine the addition amount of the CaO-based solvent based on the slag composition analysis result.
- the slag composition after the desiliconization treatment is analyzed at the time of intermediate discharge, and the basicity of the slag after the desiliconization treatment ((mass% CaO) / (mass% SiO 2 ) based on the slag composition analysis result. )).
- decarburized slag is used as the CaO-based solvent, and the calculated value (calculated basicity) of the decarburized slag is 1.20 so that the decalcified slag basicity is 1.20. The amount added was adjusted.
- desiliconization treatment was performed without adding decarburized slag.
- the oxygen source was supplied according to the silicon concentration in the hot metal.
- the basicity of the desiliconized slag was calculated by the formula (1) in the comparative example 1, and was calculated by the formula (2) in the present invention example 1.
- B c, Si1 (n) [W S, P1 (n-1) ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ B c, P1 (n-1) / ⁇ B c, P1 (n-1) +1 ⁇ + W SL, Si1 (n) ⁇ ⁇ 1 ] / [W S, P1 (n-1) ⁇ ⁇ 1 / ⁇ B c, P1 (n-1) +1 ⁇ + W SL, Si1 (n) ⁇ ⁇ 1 + (X Si1 (n) / 100) ⁇ W HM1 (n) ⁇ 60/28 ]...
- B m, Si1 (n) (% CaO) m, Si1 (n) / (% SiO 2 ) m, Si1 (n)... (2)
- the respective symbols are as follows.
- the slag mass at the end of the desiliconization process was calculated using the formula (3) in the comparative example 1, and was calculated using the formula (4) in the present invention example 1.
- W S, Si1 (n) ⁇ W S, P1 (n-1) ⁇ ⁇ 1 + W SL, Si1 (n) ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 1 ) + X Si1 (n) / 100 ⁇ W HM1 (n ) ⁇ 60/28 ⁇ / ⁇ 1 ...
- W S, Si1 (n) ⁇ W S, P1 (n-1) ⁇ ⁇ 1 + W SL, Si1 (n) ⁇ ( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 1 ) + X Si1 (n) / 100 ⁇ W HM1 (n ) ⁇ 60/28 ⁇ / ⁇ ((% CaO) m, Si1 (n) + (% SiO 2 ) m, Si1 (n)) / 100 ⁇ ...
- the symbols are as follows.
- the calculated slag mass at the end of the dephosphorization treatment was calculated using the formula (7) in the comparative example 1, and was calculated using the formula (8) in the present invention example 1.
- W S, P1 (n) [ ⁇ W S, Si1 (n) -W O, Si1 (n) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1 + W CaO, P1 (n)] / ⁇ 1 ... (7)
- W S, P1 (n) [ ⁇ W S, Si1 (n) -W O, Si1 (n) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (% CaO) m, Si1 (n) + (% SiO 2 ) m, Si1 (n) ⁇ / 100 + W CaO, P1 (n)] / ⁇ 1 ...
- W S, P1 (n) is a calculated slag mass (t) at the end of the dephosphorization process of the n-th charge preliminary process.
- the other symbols described in the equations (1) to (6) are as described above.
- the dephosphorization slag was not discharged, but the entire amount remained in the furnace and carried over to the next charge.
- Example 1 of the present invention was pretreated, and the phosphorus concentration of the hot metal after the dephosphorization treatment was compared between Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 3 shows the phosphorus concentration in the hot metal discharged from the hot metal container after the dephosphorization treatment of Invention Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- a numerical value of “0 to 5” on the horizontal axis in FIG. 3 represents “0 or more and less than 5”, and the others are the same.
- Example 1 of the present invention As shown in FIG. 3, compared with Comparative Example 1 in which the amount of quicklime added was determined based on the composition of desiliconized slag estimated by calculation, in Example 1 of the present invention, the phosphorus concentration of the hot metal after the dephosphorization treatment was The number of charges exceeding 0.050% by mass decreased. As a result, the average phosphorous concentration of the hot metal melted in Example 1 of the present invention was 0.028% by mass, which was significantly lower than the average value of Comparative Example 1 of 0.035% by mass.
- Example 1 of the present invention since the slag basicity of the dephosphorization process is controlled based on the actual measurement value of the slag basicity, the addition amount of the CaO-based medium solvent for setting the slag basicity to the optimum range is excessive. It can be obtained accurately without lack. Thereby, it is considered that the phosphorus concentration in the hot metal after the dephosphorization treatment was reduced.
- the above formulas (1) to (8) are calculation formulas corresponding to the operating conditions such as the auxiliary materials used in [Example 2], but the material balance is also taken into consideration in other operating conditions. It is possible to calculate similarly by changing these calculation formulas.
- a refining method that uses a single converter type refining furnace with a capacity of 250 tons and performs desiliconization treatment, intermediate waste removal, and dephosphorization treatment in this order to pre-treat the molten iron, after desiliconization treatment and dephosphorization treatment Part or all of the subsequent slag is left in the furnace, and the remaining desiliconized slag is utilized for the dephosphorization process of the next process. Further, the remaining dephosphorized slag is desiliconized for the hot metal of the next charge.
- the refining method using the slag analysis method according to the present invention was implemented when repeatedly performing the desiliconization treatment and the dephosphorization treatment.
- the composition of desiliconized slag left in the furnace at the time of intermediate discharge is analyzed, and the amount of CaO-based solvent (quick lime) added in the dephosphorization process is determined based on the composition analysis value to remove the slag. Phosphorus treatment was performed.
- the basicity of the dephosphorization slag is estimated based on the addition amount of the CaO-based solvent (quick lime), and the CaO-based solvent before the next charge desiliconization treatment based on the estimated basicity of the dephosphorization slag.
- the amount of (decarburized slag) added was determined, and refining was performed to add decarburized slag.
- the composition of desiliconized slag is analyzed at the time of intermediate waste, and the slag basicity ((mass% CaO) / (mass% SiO 2 )) after desiliconization treatment is obtained, and based on this slag basicity, dephosphorization is performed.
- the entire amount of the slag after the dephosphorization treatment is left in the furnace so that the slag basicity after the desiliconization treatment of the next charge becomes 1.2.
- the amount of decarburized slag was adjusted.
- the oxygen source was supplied according to the silicon concentration of the hot metal.
- Example 2 of the present invention when the hot metal pretreatment is repeatedly carried out while adjusting the amount of decarburized slag added based on the measured value of the basicity of the desiliconized slag (Example 2 of the present invention), the intermediate waste is separated. In some cases, the analysis of desiliconized slag was not performed, and the pretreatment of hot metal of the next charge was repeatedly performed (Comparative Example 2) based on the basicity of the desiliconized slag obtained by calculation. The slag basicity after the treatment was compared. Invention Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 were each carried out continuously for 8 charges.
- the method for analyzing the slag composition at the time of intermediate discharge was performed under the same conditions as the method of the present invention of [Example 1] from the preparation of the sample for analysis to the analysis. Further, in the inventive example 2 and the comparative example 2, various parameters represented by the formulas (1) to (8) used in the above [Example 2] were used as necessary.
- Table 3 shows the slag basicity after the desiliconization treatment when the desiliconization treatment, intermediate waste removal, and dephosphorization treatment were repeatedly performed.
- Example 2 of the present invention the basicity of the desiliconized slag is 1.21 in terms of the average value of 8 charges, which falls within the range of ⁇ 0.05 with respect to the target of 1.20 for all charges, and the relative standard deviation. It was possible to control the slag basicity with good accuracy of less than 3%.
- Comparative Example 2 the average value of the desiliconization slag basicity of 8 charges is a slightly higher level of 1.27, and the relative standard deviation is 6% or more. The variation in basicity was large.
- Example 2 of the present invention the dephosphorization treatment was performed by determining the amount of CaO-based solvent (quick lime) added based on the actual measurement value of the desiliconization slag basicity at the time of intermediate waste. This is thought to be because the basicity of the slag was accurately grasped.
- Comparative Example 2 for example, the calculated basicity of dephosphorization slag deviates from the actual basicity, and as a result, decarburization slag to be added as a CaO-based solvent before desiliconization treatment of the next charge is performed. It may have become excessive.
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Abstract
Description
[1]溶融鉄の精錬で生成するスラグの分析方法であって、
スラグから採取したスラグ試料を粉砕する工程と、
粉砕したスラグ粒子から、フルイを通過するスラグ粒子の粒度分布を細かい粒子の側をゼロとして右上がりの曲線として質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における10%粒径(D10)が0.1mm以上、且つ、90%粒径(D90)が2.0mm以下であるスラグ粒子を採取する工程と、
採取したスラグ粒子を測定用容器に充填する工程と、
充填されたスラグ粒子群からの蛍光X線強度を測定する工程と、
測定された蛍光X線強度からスラグの組成を定量分析する工程と、
を有する、スラグの分析方法。
[2]前記蛍光X線強度を測定する工程で、カルシウム(Ca)及び珪素(Si)を含む2種類以上の元素の蛍光X線強度を測定する、上記[1]に記載のスラグの分析方法。
[3]転炉型精錬炉における溶融鉄の精錬で発生したスラグの一部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させたまま、前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させた溶融鉄の次工程の精錬、または、前記転炉型精錬炉に新たに装入した溶銑を用いた次のチャージの溶融鉄の精錬を行う、溶融鉄の精錬方法であって、
溶融鉄の精錬で発生した前記スラグの組成を、上記[1]または上記[2]に記載のスラグの分析方法によって定量分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて、スラグを残留させた前記転炉型精錬炉で行う、炉内に残留させた溶融鉄の次工程の精錬または炉内に新たに装入した溶銑を用いた次のチャージの溶融鉄の精錬における精錬前及び/または精錬中に添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、溶融鉄の精錬方法。
[4]前記溶融鉄の精錬が、1つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて溶銑に対して複数の精錬工程を行い、該複数の精錬工程の間で、溶銑及びスラグの一部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させたまま、スラグの残部を排出して行う、溶銑の予備処理であり、
前記スラグの残部の排出時に前記スラグの組成を分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて、次工程の精錬工程において添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、上記[3]に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
[5]前記溶融鉄の精錬が、1つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて溶銑に対して予備処理を行う精錬であって、
発生したスラグの一部または全部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させたまま予備処理後の溶銑を出湯し、炉内に新たに溶銑を装入して次のチャージの予備処理を施す、溶銑の予備処理であり、
前記スラグの一部または全部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させる時に、残留させるスラグの組成を分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて、次のチャージの予備処理において添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、上記[3]に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
[6]高炉から出銑された溶銑を脱珪処理する脱珪処理工程と、
脱珪処理した溶銑を前記転炉型精錬炉内に残留させた状態で前記脱珪処理工程によって生成された脱珪スラグを前記転炉型精錬炉から排滓する中間排滓工程と、
前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させた溶銑を脱燐処理する脱燐処理工程と、
脱燐処理された溶銑を前記転炉型精錬炉から出湯する出湯工程と、
を有し、
1つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて前記工程を、上記の順に行って溶銑に予備処理を施す溶融鉄の精錬方法であって、
前記中間排滓工程中に、脱珪スラグの組成を上記[2]に記載のスラグの分析方法によって定量分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて脱珪スラグの塩基度((質量%CaO)/(質量%SiO2))を求め、
求めた塩基度((質量%CaO)/(質量%SiO2))に基づいて前記脱燐処理工程において添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、溶融鉄の精錬方法。
[7]前記造滓剤がCaO系媒溶剤である、上記[3]から上記[6]のいずれか1項に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
[8]前記造滓剤の一部としてMgO系媒溶剤を使用し、
前記スラグの分析結果がスラグ中のMgO含有量を含み、
前記スラグの分析結果に基づいて前記MgO系媒溶剤の添加量を決定する、上記[3]から上記[7]のいずれか1項に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
[9]前記造滓剤の一部として酸化鉄系媒溶剤を使用し、
前記スラグの分析結果がスラグ中の酸化鉄含有量を含み、
前記スラグの分析結果に基づいて前記酸化鉄系媒溶剤の添加量を決定する、上記[3]から上記[8]のいずれか1項に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
(1);採取したままのスラグ粒子、
(2);粒径9.5mm以上、
(3);粒径4.8mm以上9.5mm未満、
(4);粒径2.0mm以上4.8mm未満、
(5);粒径1.2mm以上2.0mm未満、
(6);粒径0.1mm以上1.2mm未満、
の6水準とした。
(1);フルイを通過するスラグ粒子の粒度分布を、細かい粒子の側をゼロとして右上がりの曲線として、質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における100%粒径(累積質量百分率が100%となる粒径であり、「D100」とも記す)、つまり、フルイ下の累積質量百分率が100%となる粒径が2.0mmである試料(試料A)、
(2);質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における95%粒径(累積質量百分率が95%となる粒径であり、「D95」とも記す)、つまり、フルイ下の累積質量百分率が95%となる粒径が2.0mmである試料(試料B)、
(3);質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における90%粒径(累積質量百分率が90%となる粒径であり、「D90」とも記す)、つまり、フルイ下の累積質量百分率が90%となる粒径が2.0mmである試料(試料C)、
(4);質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における85%粒径(累積質量百分率が85%となる粒径であり、「D85」とも記す)、つまり、フルイ下の累積質量百分率が85%となる粒径が2.0mmである試料(試料D)、
(5);質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における80%粒径(累積質量百分率が80%となる粒径であり、「D80」とも記す)、つまり、フルイ下の累積質量百分率が80%となる粒径が2.0mmである試料(試料E)、
の5水準の試料を調製した。
(1);D90=2.0mmの試料(試料I)、
(2);D90=2.0mm且つD5=0.1mmの試料(試料II)、
(3);D90=2.0mm且つD10=0.1mmの試料(試料III)、
(4);D90=2.0mm且つD15=0.1mmの試料(試料IV)、
(5);D90=2.0mm且つD20=0.1mmの試料(試料V)、
(6);D100=0.1mmの試料(試料VI)、
の6水準の試料を調製した。
[分析用試料調製方法]:粉砕粒度2.0mmに設定したジョークラッシャーでスラグを粗粉砕し、更に、目開き寸法が0.1mmのフルイ及び目開き寸法が2.0mmのフルイで篩い分けして、0.1mm以上2.0mm未満のスラグ粒子を採取し、採取したスラグ粒子群を測定用容器に充填して、分析用試料とした。
[分析条件]:エネルギー分散型ハンドヘルド蛍光X線分析装置(オリンパス製 DELTA)を用い、50kV、0.2mAの出力でX線を照射した。測定点数は各分析用試料で1点とし、カルシウム及び珪素を分析対象元素とした。カルシウム及び珪素の定量方法は、ファンダメンタルパラメーター法を用いた。
[分析用試料調製方法]:ブリケット法によって分析用試料を調製した。具体的には、スラグを粒径75μm以下に粉砕し、粉砕したスラグを専用の金属製容器(直径;40mm、厚み;5mm)に詰めて加圧成型した試料を分析用試料とした。
[分析条件]:波長分散型蛍光X線分析装置(Rigaku Simultix)を用い、50kV、50mAの出力でX線を照射した。測定点数は各分析用試料で1点とし、カルシウム及び珪素を分析対象元素とした。カルシウム及び珪素の定量方法は、検量線法を用いた。
Bm,Si1(n)=(%CaO)m,Si1(n)/(%SiO2)m,Si1(n)…(2)
但し、(1)式、(2)式において、各符号は以下のとおりである。
Bc,P1(n-1):n-1チャージ目の予備処理の脱燐処理終了時のスラグの計算塩基度
WS,P1(n-1):n-1チャージ目の予備処理の脱燐処理終了時の計算スラグ質量(t)
WSL,Si1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理工程における脱炭スラグの添加量(t)
XSi1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理前の溶銑中の珪素濃度(質量%)
WHM1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理前の溶銑質量(t)
Bm,Si1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理終了後のスラグの、本発明に係るスラグ分析方法によって求められた塩基度
(%CaO)m,Si1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理終了後のスラグの、本発明に係るスラグ分析方法によって定量されたCaO濃度(質量%)
(%SiO2)m,Si1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理終了後のスラグの、本発明に係るスラグ分析方法によって定量されたSiO2濃度(質量%)
α1:脱燐処理後のスラグ中のCaO及びSiO2の質量比率の平均値の和
β1:脱珪処理中に添加する脱炭スラグ中のCaOの質量比率の平均値
γ1:脱珪処理中に添加する脱炭スラグ中のSiO2の質量比率の平均値
尚、本実施例2では、α1=0.6、β1=0.4、γ1=0.1とした。また、Bc,P1(n-1)及びWS,P1(n-1)の算出方法については後述するが、1チャージ目の予備処理においては、Bc,P1(0)は0(ゼロ)でない定数とし、WS,P1(0)=0とした。
WS,Si1(n)={WS,P1(n-1)×α1+WSL,Si1(n)×(β1+γ1)+XSi1(n)/100×WHM1(n)×60/28}/{((%CaO)m,Si1(n)+(%SiO2)m,Si1(n))/100}…(4)
但し、(3)式、(4)式において、各符号は以下のとおりである。
δ1:脱珪処理後のスラグ中のCaO及びSiO2の質量比率の平均値の和
上記以外の(1)式及び(2)式で説明した符号は、上記説明のとおりである。尚、本実施例2では、δ1=0.5とした。
Bc,P1(n)=[{WS,Si1(n)-WO,Si1(n)}×(%CaO)m,Si1(n)/100+WCaO,P1(n)]/[{WS,Si1(n)-WO,Si1(n)}×(%SiO2)m,Si1(n)/100]…(6)
但し、(5)式、(6)式において、各符号は以下のとおりである。
WO,Si1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱珪処理後に排滓されるスラグ質量(t)
WCaO,P1(n):nチャージ目の予備処理の脱燐処理工程における生石灰の添加量(t)
上記以外の(1)式~(4)式で説明した符号は、上記説明のとおりである。
WS,P1(n)=[{WS,Si1(n)-WO,Si1(n)}×{(%CaO)m,Si1(n)+(%SiO2)m,Si1(n)}/100+WCaO,P1(n)]/α1…(8)
但し、(7)式、(8)式において、WS,P1(n)は、nチャージ目の予備処理の脱燐処理終了時の計算スラグ質量(t)である。それ以外の(1)式~(6)式で説明した符号は、上記説明のとおりである。
Claims (9)
- 溶融鉄の精錬で生成するスラグの分析方法であって、
スラグから採取したスラグ試料を粉砕する工程と、
粉砕したスラグ粒子から、フルイを通過するスラグ粒子の粒度分布を細かい粒子の側をゼロとして右上がりの曲線として質量百分率で示す累積粒度分布曲線における10%粒径(D10)が0.1mm以上、且つ、90%粒径(D90)が2.0mm以下であるスラグ粒子を採取する工程と、
採取したスラグ粒子を測定用容器に充填する工程と、
充填されたスラグ粒子群からの蛍光X線強度を測定する工程と、
測定された蛍光X線強度からスラグの組成を定量分析する工程と、
を有する、スラグの分析方法。 - 前記蛍光X線強度を測定する工程で、カルシウム(Ca)及び珪素(Si)を含む2種類以上の元素の蛍光X線強度を測定する、請求項1に記載のスラグの分析方法。
- 転炉型精錬炉における溶融鉄の精錬で発生したスラグの一部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させたまま、前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させた溶融鉄の次工程の精錬、または、前記転炉型精錬炉に新たに装入した溶銑を用いた次のチャージの溶融鉄の精錬を行う、溶融鉄の精錬方法であって、
溶融鉄の精錬で発生した前記スラグの組成を、請求項1または請求項2に記載のスラグの分析方法によって定量分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて、スラグを残留させた前記転炉型精錬炉で行う、炉内に残留させた溶融鉄の次工程の精錬または炉内に新たに装入した溶銑を用いた次のチャージの溶融鉄の精錬における精錬前及び/または精錬中に添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、溶融鉄の精錬方法。 - 前記溶融鉄の精錬が、1つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて溶銑に対して複数の精錬工程を行い、該複数の精錬工程の間で、溶銑及びスラグの一部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させたまま、スラグの残部を排出して行う、溶銑の予備処理であり、
前記スラグの残部の排出時に前記スラグの組成を分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて、次工程の精錬工程において添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、請求項3に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。 - 前記溶融鉄の精錬が、1つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて溶銑に対して予備処理を行う精錬であって、
発生したスラグの一部または全部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させたまま予備処理後の溶銑を出湯し、炉内に新たに溶銑を装入して次のチャージの予備処理を施す、溶銑の予備処理であり、
前記スラグの一部または全部を前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させる時に、残留させるスラグの組成を分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて、次のチャージの予備処理において添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、請求項3に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。 - 高炉から出銑された溶銑を脱珪処理する脱珪処理工程と、
脱珪処理した溶銑を前記転炉型精錬炉内に残留させた状態で前記脱珪処理工程によって生成された脱珪スラグを前記転炉型精錬炉から排滓する中間排滓工程と、
前記転炉型精錬炉に残留させた溶銑を脱燐処理する脱燐処理工程と、
脱燐処理された溶銑を前記転炉型精錬炉から出湯する出湯工程と、
を有し、
1つの転炉型精錬炉を用いて前記工程を、上記の順に行って溶銑に予備処理を施す溶融鉄の精錬方法であって、
前記中間排滓工程中に、脱珪スラグの組成を請求項2に記載のスラグの分析方法によって定量分析し、
その分析結果に基づいて脱珪スラグの塩基度((質量%CaO)/(質量%SiO2))を求め、
求めた塩基度((質量%CaO)/(質量%SiO2))に基づいて前記脱燐処理工程において添加する造滓剤の量を決定する、溶融鉄の精錬方法。 - 前記造滓剤がCaO系媒溶剤である、請求項3から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
- 前記造滓剤の一部としてMgO系媒溶剤を使用し、
前記スラグの分析結果がスラグ中のMgO含有量を含み、
前記スラグの分析結果に基づいて前記MgO系媒溶剤の添加量を決定する、請求項3から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。 - 前記造滓剤の一部として酸化鉄系媒溶剤を使用し、
前記スラグの分析結果がスラグ中の酸化鉄含有量を含み、
前記スラグの分析結果に基づいて前記酸化鉄系媒溶剤の添加量を決定する、請求項3から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の溶融鉄の精錬方法。
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