WO2013190591A1 - 精錬方法及び溶鋼の製造方法 - Google Patents
精錬方法及び溶鋼の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013190591A1 WO2013190591A1 PCT/JP2012/003967 JP2012003967W WO2013190591A1 WO 2013190591 A1 WO2013190591 A1 WO 2013190591A1 JP 2012003967 W JP2012003967 W JP 2012003967W WO 2013190591 A1 WO2013190591 A1 WO 2013190591A1
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- hot metal
- dephosphorizing agent
- cao
- charged
- dephosphorizing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/02—Dephosphorising or desulfurising
- C21C1/025—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot metal refining method for performing dephosphorization or dephosphorization and decarburization by causing a dephosphorization reaction or a dephosphorization and decarburization reaction without blowing a dephosphorization agent into the molten metal in a converter, and
- the present invention relates to a method for producing molten steel employing the refining method.
- the dephosphorization reaction by calcium oxide in the converter is represented by the following formula (1). expressed.
- CaO has a melting point of about 2570 ° C.
- halogen compounds such as fluorite (CaF 2 ) and alkali compounds have been used as additives for promoting melting.
- fluorite CaF 2
- alkali compounds have been used as additives for promoting melting.
- these compounds are chemically active and have limitations on slag reuse. Further, for example, fluorite becomes difficult to treat due to the fluorine contained therein, resulting in an increase in dephosphorization cost.
- massive CaO is pulverized and prepared in a predetermined particle size range by sieving.
- powdery CaO is produced as a by-product, but there is also a problem that the powdered CaO cannot be effectively used as a dephosphorizing agent in the equipment without the top blown CaO equipment.
- the present invention focuses on the above points, and in a refining process, a refining method and a method for producing molten steel for efficiently performing a converter operation even without a facility for spraying a dephosphorizing agent. It is intended to provide.
- the present invention provides the following as means for solving the above problems. (1) charging a reaction vessel with a first dephosphorizing agent containing powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less, charging a hot metal into a reaction vessel charged with the dephosphorizing agent, A hot metal refining method comprising a step of charging a second dephosphorizing agent into the hot metal after the hot metal is charged, and a step of performing dephosphorization or dephosphorization and decarburization without spraying the dephosphorizing agent on the hot metal.
- a method of refining hot metal comprising a step of charging the hot metal with a second dephosphorizing agent after the hot metal is charged and a step of dephosphorization or dephosphorization without spraying the dephosphorizing agent on the hot metal .
- a step of charging a reaction vessel with a first dephosphorizing agent containing powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less a step of charging hot metal into a reaction vessel charged with the dephosphorizing agent, Molten steel comprising a step of charging the molten iron with the second dephosphorizing agent after the hot metal is charged and a step of producing molten steel by dephosphorization or dephosphorization without spraying the dephosphorizing agent on the molten iron.
- the present invention in the refining of the converter, even if there is no facility for spraying the dephosphorizing agent, it is possible to perform the refining by effectively using the powdered dephosphorizing agent as the dephosphorizing agent.
- calcium oxide powder for example, by adopting a method of separate charging into a converter reactor in converter refining, calcium oxide powder (powder) can be used without spraying from the top blowing lance. Can be used.
- the conventional calcium oxide lump is used as a dephosphorizing agent without investing in equipment for top blowing equipment and without using halogen compounds or alkali compounds. Efficiency can be improved.
- scrap is put into a converter reactor, and then a dephosphorizing agent containing at least powder is put into the reactor. Thereafter, hot metal is charged into the reaction vessel and refining is started. After the above hot metal is charged and before the start of refining or during refining, a dephosphorizing agent is appropriately added to carry out refining.
- massive CaO is pulverized and prepared in a predetermined particle size range by sieving. Powdered CaO is by-produced in this massive CaO production process.
- the powdery (powder) CaO produced as a by-product is positively used as a dephosphorizing agent to be charged before hot metal charging.
- the powder in this specification refers to a particle size of 1 mm or less.
- the total amount of the dephosphorizing agent used in refining is determined based on the analysis value of the hot metal to be refined (in the case of using scrap, the analysis value of hot metal and scrap) and the target P concentration after refining. Determine the required amount. Then, the amount of the dephosphorizing agent to be introduced in the entire refining process is determined from the determined amount of de-P required. The amount of the dephosphorizing agent used in the entire refining can also be determined from the relationship between the actual amount of dephosphorizing agent and the amount of dephosphorizing.
- the dephosphorizing agent (including powder) out of the amount of dephosphorizing agent to be added in the entire refining process determined above is set as the dephosphorizing agent to be added before the molten iron is added. To do.
- the dephosphorization agent thrown in before hot metal pouring is also called prior dephosphorization agent.
- the remaining dephosphorizing agent is charged into the reaction vessel after the hot metal is charged. Thereafter, oxygen is blown in and blowing is started.
- the blown gas may be Ar, N 2 , CO, or a mixture thereof.
- a mass having a particle size of 5 to 30 mm or 5 to 50 mm is used. A part of the bulk dephosphorizing agent may be added during blowing.
- a dephosphorizing agent containing CaO can be used, but a dephosphorizing agent substantially composed of CaO is more preferable.
- the dephosphorizing agent charged in advance before the hot metal charging is preferably 10% by mass or more of the whole as described above.
- the effect is small at 10% by mass or less.
- the amount of the dephosphorizing agent to be charged in advance is too large, it may not be mixed with the hot metal and the powder may float or the amount of scattering may increase. is there. More preferably, the content is 15 to 35% by mass for stabilizing the effect.
- the dephosphorizing agent to be charged in advance is 90% by mass or more of the dephosphorizing agent having a particle size of 5 mm or less.
- the dephosphorizing agent having a particle size of 5 mm or less means that the powdered dephosphorizing agent is substantially contained.
- CaO as a powdered dephosphorizing agent has a greater dephosphorizing effect because it mixes well with hot metal compared to bulk CaO.
- powdered CaO floats by simply adding powdered CaO to the hot metal, CaO and hot metal do not mix well, and not only do not contribute to the reaction, but also dust scattering.
- the inventors have found that when powdered CaO is pre-charged into a converter and hot metal is added thereto, a mixing effect with the hot metal is effectively expressed. Based on this knowledge, in the present invention, the dephosphorization effect can be improved without introducing CaO by introducing a dephosphorization agent containing powder before hot metal charging.
- the powdered CaO is charged in advance, whereby the mixing and stirring when the molten iron is charged is strengthened, and the reaction rate of the dephosphorization reaction is improved, and P (phosphorus) in the slag is added. Absorption is also accelerated. As a result, it is considered that the total amount of CaO used for refining can be reduced.
- the above-described effects can be obtained by clarifying suitable conditions of CaO to be charged in advance under conditions where CaO is not blown.
- Pre-charged CaO having a particle size of 98% by mass of CaO having a particle size of 5 mm or less (CaO containing powder) into a converter of 1 to 4 tons and 330 tons, then hot metal (component C: 3.8 to 4. (4 mass%, Si: 0.05 to 0.40 mass%, P: 0.09 to 0.12 mass%) 330 tons was charged into the converter.
- the mass ratio of CaO including the pre-charged powder to the total CaO amount is 5 to 23% by mass
- the analysis value of the steel after the refining is C: 0.025 to 0 0.045% by mass, Si ⁇ 0.01% by mass, and P: 0.013 to 0.025% by mass.
- the analytical values of the steel after refining were C: 0.035% by mass, Si ⁇ 0.01% by mass, P: 0.015% by mass, and the dephosphorization amount was 0.085% by mass.
- Comparative Example 2-1 Next, without pre-charging CaO, the total amount of CaO was the same as in Example 2, and the entire amount of CaO (particle size: 5 to 50 mm) was added to the converter after charging scrap and hot metal. The refining operation was the same as in Example 2 above.
- Example 2 the amount of dephosphorization was 0.071% by mass, and the amount of dephosphorization was smaller than that in Example 2.
- Comparative Example 2-2 instead of the CaO powder having a particle size of 5 mm or less in Example 2, the same operation as in Example 2-1 was performed, except that a CaO lump of 5 to 50 mm was added in advance before the molten iron was charged.
- the amount of dephosphorization was 0.077% by mass, which was an intermediate amount of dephosphorization between Comparative Example 2 and Example 2.
- the top blown oxygen flow rate was reduced to 22 Nm 3 / t, the blowing time was set to 10 minutes, and dephosphorization was performed under conditions where decarburization was suppressed.
- the molten steel temperature is 1400 ° C, which is about 250 ° C lower than in the normal dephosphorization and decarburization operation.
- the steel components after refining are C: 2-4% by mass, P: 0.01-0.04% by mass It became.
- the amount of dephosphorization at this time was improved by about 0.01% by mass compared to the amount of dephosphorization after completion of refining in the same operation when CaO containing powder was not placed in advance.
- the present invention can increase the dephosphorization reaction efficiency in molten metal blowing without making a special and enormous capital investment, it can be used for a converter having no powder spraying equipment.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
=(3CaO・P2O5)+5[Fe] ・・・(1)
ここで、
( ):スラグ成分
[ ]:溶湯中成分
である。
(1)粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行う工程とからなる溶銑の精錬方法。
(2)スクラップ及び粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行う工程とからなる溶銑の精錬方法。
(3)前記反応容器に装入される第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする(1)に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
(4)前記反応容器に装入される第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする(2)に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
(5)前記第1及び第2の脱燐剤の合計に対する第1の脱燐剤の比率が、10~40質量%であることを特徴とする(1)~(4)に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
(6)前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする(1)~(4)に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
(7)前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする(5)に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
(8)粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行い、溶鋼を製造する工程とからなる溶鋼の製造方法。
(9)スクラップ及び粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行い、溶鋼を製造する工程とからなる溶鋼の製造方法。
(10)前記第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする(8)に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
(11)前記第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする(9)に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
(12)前記第1及び第2の脱燐剤の合計に対する第1の脱燐剤の比率が、10~40質量%であることを特徴とする(8)~(11)に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
(13)前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする(8)~(11)に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
(14)前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする(12)に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
(精錬方法について)
本実施形態の精錬方法では、溶銑を転炉型反応容器に装入する前に、当該反応容器に対し粉体が含まれる脱燐剤を投入(装入)する。その後、反応容器に対して溶銑を装入し精錬を開始する。上記溶銑の装入後であって精錬の開始前若しくは精錬中にも適宜脱燐剤を溶湯に投入して精錬を実施する。
(本実施形態の効果)
次に、本実施形態における精錬方法による効果発現のメカニズムを説明する。
(比較例1-1)
次に、CaOの事前装入をすることなく、全量のCaO(粒径5~50mmの全て塊状の脱燐剤)を、転炉に溶銑を装入した後に投入した。精錬の操業は、上記実施例1と同じ操業とした。
(比較例1-2)
実施例1における粒径5mm以下の粉体を含むCaOの代わりに、溶銑投入前に5~50mmの全てが塊状のCaO塊を事前に投入する以外は、上記実施例1と同じ操業を行った。
(比較例2-1)
次に、CaOの事前装入をすることなく、総CaO量は実施例2と同じとして全量のCaO(粒径5~50mm)を、転炉にスクラップおよび溶銑を装入した後に添加した。精錬の操業は、上記実施例2と同じ操業とした。
(比較例2-2)
実施例2における粒径5mm以下のCaO粉の代わりに、溶銑投入前に5~50mmのCaO塊を事前に投入する以外は、上記実施例2-1と同じ操業を行った。
Claims (14)
- 粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、
前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、
前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、
溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行う工程と、からなる溶銑の精錬方法。 - スクラップ及び粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、
前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、
前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、
溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行う工程と、からなる溶銑の精錬方法。 - 前記反応容器に装入される第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
- 前記反応容器に装入される第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする請求項2に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の脱燐剤の合計に対する第1の脱燐剤の比率が、10~40質量%であることを特徴とする請求項1~4に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
- 前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする請求項1~4に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
- 前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする請求項5に記載した溶銑の精錬方法。
- 粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、
前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、
前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、
溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行い、溶鋼を製造する工程と、からなる溶鋼の製造方法。 - スクラップ及び粒径が1mm以下の粉体を含む第1の脱燐剤を反応容器に装入する工程と、
前記脱燐剤が装入された反応容器に溶銑を装入する工程と、
前記溶銑装入後に第2の脱燐剤を溶銑に装入する工程と、
溶銑への脱燐剤の吹き付けを行うことなく脱燐または脱燐脱炭を行い、溶鋼を製造する工程と、からなる溶鋼の製造方法。 - 前記第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
- 前記第1の脱燐剤は、その90質量%以上が5mm以下の粒径を有することを特徴とする請求項9に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
- 前記第1及び第2の脱燐剤の合計に対する第1の脱燐剤の比率が、10~40質量%であることを特徴とする請求項8~11に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
- 前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする請求項8~11に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
- 前記第1の脱燐剤がCaOを含むことを特徴とする請求項12に記載した溶鋼の製造方法。
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CN201280073989.8A CN104379772B (zh) | 2012-06-18 | 2012-06-18 | 精炼方法和钢水制造方法 |
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JP4196997B2 (ja) | 2006-02-24 | 2008-12-17 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 溶銑の処理方法 |
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JP5343506B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-20 | 2013-11-13 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 溶銑の脱燐方法 |
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JPS56156710A (en) * | 1980-05-07 | 1981-12-03 | Nippon Steel Corp | Heating method for cold charge for refining |
JPH07118722A (ja) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-09 | Nippon Steel Corp | 溶銑脱燐用精錬剤 |
JP2002047508A (ja) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-15 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 転炉吹錬方法 |
JP2009091617A (ja) * | 2007-10-09 | 2009-04-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | 溶銑の脱リン処理方法 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017119392A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-05 | 2017-07-13 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 溶鉄の脱りん剤、精錬剤および脱りん方法 |
JPWO2017119392A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-05 | 2018-04-05 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 溶鉄の脱りん剤、精錬剤および脱りん方法 |
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CN104379772B (zh) | 2017-10-10 |
CN104379772A (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
KR20150018878A (ko) | 2015-02-24 |
KR101702247B1 (ko) | 2017-02-03 |
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