WO2017150163A1 - 色選択用カラーチャート、色選択用カラーチャート生成方法、及び、色選択用カラーチャート生成プログラム - Google Patents
色選択用カラーチャート、色選択用カラーチャート生成方法、及び、色選択用カラーチャート生成プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
- G01J3/52—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters using colour charts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
- H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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- H04N1/6033—Colour correction or control controlled by characteristics of the picture signal generator or the picture reproducer using test pattern analysis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a color chart for color selection, a method for generating a color chart for color selection, and a program for generating a color chart for color selection.
- a color chart for color selection in which a plurality of color patches are formed is used for various color matching.
- a color chart for example, a plurality of color patches in which the color is gradually changed from the central color are arranged.
- the color selection method disclosed in Patent Document 1 specifies a color comparison condition in a color chart, and color patches corresponding to different variables of the specified color comparison condition are provided adjacent to each other. Image data for printing the first to third color charts is generated.
- multiple color patches are formed by changing the amount of C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow), and K (black) coloring materials (for example, ink) used in the printer.
- C cyan
- M magenta
- Y yellow
- K black
- the number of color patches is very large because the color cover area is four-dimensional.
- one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged efficiently, a method for generating the same, and a program for generating the same.
- the present invention is a color chart for color selection for selecting a color patch closest to a designated color among a plurality of color patches
- the color selection color chart is formed with the plurality of color patches including a first color patch, a second color patch, and a third color patch arranged in order. It has an aspect that satisfies at least one of the following conditions (a) and (b).
- the present invention is a color chart for color selection for selecting a color patch of a color closest to a designated color from among a plurality of color patches
- the color selection color chart is formed with the plurality of color patches including a first color patch, a second color patch, and a third color patch arranged in order.
- CIE International Commission on Illumination
- the lightness of the second color patch is higher than the lightness of the first color patch
- the lightness of the third color patch is higher than the lightness of the second color patch
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the first color patch and the second color patch is larger than the absolute value of the lightness difference between the second color patch and the third color patch.
- the present invention is a color selection color chart for selecting a color patch closest to a designated color among a plurality of color patches,
- the plurality of color patches including the seventh color patch, the eighth color patch, and the ninth color patch arranged in order are formed; CIE (International Commission on Illumination) L * a * b *
- CIE International Commission on Illumination
- the saturation of the eighth color patch is higher than the saturation of the seventh color patch
- the color saturation of the ninth color patch is higher than the color saturation of the eighth color patch
- the absolute value of the chroma difference between the seventh color patch and the eighth color patch is smaller than the absolute value of the chroma difference between the eighth color patch and the ninth color patch.
- the present invention is a color selection color chart generation method for generating a color selection color chart for selecting a color patch of a color closest to a designated color among a plurality of color patches,
- the plurality of color patches include a first color patch, a second color patch, and a third color patch, which are arranged in order. It has an aspect which produces
- the present invention is a color selection color chart generation program that causes a computer to realize a function of generating a color selection color chart for selecting a color patch closest to a specified color among a plurality of color patches.
- the plurality of color patches include a first color patch, a second color patch, and a third color patch, which are arranged in order. It has an aspect which realizes a function of generating a color chart for color selection so as to satisfy at least one of the above conditions (a) and (b).
- the above-described aspect can provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited, a method for generating the same, and a program for generating the same.
- FIG. 2A schematically shows an example of the main part of a printed matter in which a plurality of color patches are arranged so that the lightness interval is perceptually uniform in the low lightness area
- FIG. 2B is a perception in the high lightness area
- interval may be perceptually uniform.
- FIG. 4A is a graph showing the L'-S L curve
- FIG. 4B showing the C'-S C curve
- FIG. 5A is a graph showing the L * -L 00 curve
- FIG. 5B is a graph showing the C * -C 00 curve
- FIG. 7 schematically shows an example of coordinates C * and L * of the CIE L * a * b * color system of each color patch, and an example of coordinates C 00 and L 00 of the improved uniform color space of each color patch.
- 7A is CIE L * a * b * diagram schematically showing the relationship between the perceptually uniform brightness difference ⁇ L for lightness L * in the color space, Fig.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration example of a color adjustment device.
- 6 is a flowchart illustrating an example of color adjustment processing.
- the figure which shows typically the comparative example of the printed matter of the color chart for color selection.
- the comparison example of the coordinates C * and L * of the CIE L * a * b * color system of each color patch and the comparison example of the coordinates C 00 and L 00 of the improved uniform color space of each color patch are schematically shown.
- the color selection color chart CH1 for selecting a color patch closest to a specified color from among a plurality of color patches PA1 includes a first color arranged in order The plurality of color patches PA1 including the patch P1, the second color patch P2, and the third color patch P3 are formed.
- the color chart for color selection CH1 satisfies at least one of the following conditions (a) and (b).
- FIG. 10 schematically shows the printed matter PT9 of the color chart for color selection CH9 having a plurality of color patches PA9 arranged so as to equalize the color difference ⁇ E of the Lab colorimetric system in the comparative example.
- the color chart for color selection CH9 has color patches PA9 arranged in rows and columns, and is formed on a print substrate M9.
- identification numbers 11 to 77 are attached to the respective patches PA9 shown in FIG. 10 for the sake of convenience.
- the color chart for color selection CH9 for selecting the color patch closest to the designated color from among a plurality of color patches PA9 the color is gradually changed from the color of the patch PA9a at the center (identification number 44)
- a plurality of patches PA9 are arranged. In the example shown in FIG.
- patches PA9 are arranged so that the lightness L * of the Lab color system increases by the lightness difference ⁇ L9 ( ⁇ L9> 0) from bottom to top, and the Lab color system from left to right
- Chroma difference ⁇ C9 comprises the difference between the color coordinate a * in the case where the color coordinate b * unchanged, the color coordinate b * difference in case where the color coordinates a * does not change, and the like.
- the color difference between patches is fixed to the color difference ⁇ L9, ⁇ C9 based on the Lab color system as illustrated in the upper side of FIG. 11, the color difference between the perceived patches is not constant as shown in the lower side of FIG. become.
- the upper side of FIG. 11 schematically shows an example of the coordinates C * and L * of the Lab color system of each color patch PA9
- the lower side of FIG. 11 is the coordinates C 00 of the improved uniform color space of each color patch PA9.
- L 00 are schematically shown.
- the color difference perceived by people is smaller. From this, depending on the area of color, the difference in color between patches is perceived relatively small, and it takes time to find the closest color to the desired color. In addition, when the number of patches shown in the color chart is limited, the coverage area of colors that can be presented by all the patches is reduced.
- a plurality of color patches are equal so that absolute values of color differences in perceptually equal scales are equal between color patches than in the Lab color system.
- a color patch PA1 is formed.
- Each color patch PA1 is arranged to have an interval of 0).
- fills the said condition (a) is shown by FIG. 2A.
- FIG. 2A The example which satisfy
- FIG. 2A The example which satisfy
- each patch PA1 in the vertical direction so that the lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 intervals, each patch PA1 is disposed.
- the absolute value than the lightness L * of the Lab color system as the first color patches P1 in perceptually uniform first measure lightness difference of the second color patch P2 is [Delta] L 00 1
- the first the absolute value of the second color patch P2 in measure lightness difference of the third color patch P3 is also [Delta] L 00 1.
- FIG. 3 shows an example satisfying the above condition (b).
- the reference numerals of the first color patch P1, the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3 which satisfy the condition (b) are attached in parentheses in FIG. In the example shown in FIG.
- each patch PA1 is disposed.
- the absolute value of the saturation difference between the first color patch P1 and the second color patch P2 on the second scale perceptually equivalent to the saturation C * of the Lab color system is ⁇ C 00 1 and the absolute value of the second color patch P2 and chroma difference of the third color patch P3 in the second measure is also [Delta] C 00 1.
- this aspect can provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are efficiently arranged while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the number of sheets and the number of times of the color chart for color selection to be generated were about half compared to the case based on the Lab color system, and resource saving could be achieved.
- the number of man-hours (time) for selecting the color targeted by the user is reduced compared to the case based on the Lab color system, and efficiency could be improved.
- the first measure is preferably lightness based on the improved uniform color space.
- the improved uniform color space includes a uniform color space based on the color difference formulas CIEDE 2000, CMC, CIEDE 94, etc. defined by the "Colour Measurement Committee of the Society of Dyers and Colors (CIE)".
- the first scale can be an improved lightness value corrected for the lightness of the color difference formulas CIEDE 2000, CMC, CIEDE 94, etc. based on the lightness of the CIE L * a * b * color space defined by CIE.
- the second measure is preferably saturation based on the improved uniform color space.
- the second scale can be an improved saturation value corrected for lightness such as the color difference equations CIEDE 2000, CMC, CIEDE 94, etc.
- the color chart for color selection may be formed on a medium such as a print substrate or may be displayed on a display device.
- the first color patch, the second color patch, and the third color patch in the first aspect may be three color patches selected from a plurality of color patches regardless of the orientation of arrangement. Therefore, as shown in parentheses in FIG. 3, the color patch P7 is applied to the first color patch P1 of the present embodiment 1, the color patch P8 is applied to the second color patch P2 of the present embodiment 1, and the color patch P9 is applied It is also possible to apply to one third color patch P3.
- the color chart for color selection CH1 illustrated in FIG. 2A is a CIE L * a * b * color system
- the lightness LP2 of the second color patch P2 is higher than the lightness LP1 of the first color patch P1
- the lightness LP3 of the third color patch P3 is higher than the lightness LP2 of the second color patch P2
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the first color patch P1 and the second color patch P2 is larger than the absolute value of the lightness difference between the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3.
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the first color patch P1 and the second color patch P2 in the Lab color system is ⁇ L21 ( ⁇ L21> 0), and the second color patch P2 in the Lab color system is The absolute value of the lightness difference of the third color patch P3 is ⁇ L32 ( ⁇ L32> 0), and ⁇ L21> ⁇ L32.
- this aspect can provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are efficiently arranged while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the plurality of color patches PA1 may include a fourth color patch P4, a fifth color patch P5, and a sixth color patch P6 arranged in order.
- the color chart for color selection CH1 is, in the CIE L * a * b * color system,
- the lightness LP4 of the fourth color patch P4 is higher than the lightness LP3 of the third color patch P3,
- the lightness LP5 of the fifth color patch P5 is higher than the lightness LP4 of the fourth color patch P4,
- the lightness LP6 of the sixth color patch P6 is higher than the lightness LP5 of the fifth color patch P5,
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the fourth color patch P4 and the fifth color patch P5 may be smaller than the absolute value of the lightness difference between the fifth color patch P5 and the sixth color patch P6.
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the fourth color patch P4 and the fifth color patch P5 in the Lab color system is ⁇ L54 ( ⁇ L54> 0), and the fifth color patch P5 in the Lab color system and
- the absolute value of the lightness difference of the sixth color patch P6 is ⁇ L65 ( ⁇ L65> 0), and ⁇ L54 ⁇ L65.
- this aspect can provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged more efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- a seventh color patch P7 which is sequentially arranged, is selected in the color selection color chart CH1 for selecting a color patch closest to a designated color from among a plurality of color patches PA1.
- the plurality of color patches PA1 including the eighth color patch P8 and the ninth color patch P9 are formed.
- the color chart for color selection CH1 exemplified in FIG.
- the chroma CP8 of the eighth color patch P8 is higher than the chroma CP7 of the seventh color patch P7
- the saturation CP9 of the ninth color patch P9 is higher than the saturation CP8 of the eighth color patch P8,
- the absolute value of the saturation difference between the seventh color patch P7 and the eighth color patch P8 is smaller than the absolute value of the saturation difference between the eighth color patch P8 and the ninth color patch P9.
- the absolute value of the saturation difference between the seventh color patch P7 and the eighth color patch P8 in the Lab color system is ⁇ C 87 ( ⁇ C 87> 0), and the eighth color patch P8 in the Lab color system is And the ninth color patch P9 is ⁇ C 98 ( ⁇ C 98> 0) and ⁇ C 87 ⁇ C 98.
- this embodiment can increase the coverage area of saturation that can be presented with all color patches. Therefore, this aspect can provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are efficiently arranged while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited. Note that applying the patches P1 to P9 to the patches at the positions shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is merely an example, and the patches P1 to P9 can be applied to patches at various positions.
- the color selection color chart generation method for generating a color selection color chart CH1 for selecting a patch generates the color selection color chart CH1 so as to satisfy at least one of the conditions (a) and (b).
- This aspect can provide a method of generating a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the lightness of the first scale may be a lightness of a color space that is perceptually uniform than the CIE L * a * b * color system.
- the saturation of the second scale may be saturation of a color space that is perceptually equivalent to that of the CIE L * a * b * color system.
- This aspect can provide a method of generating a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged more efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the color space that is perceptually uniform than the CIE L * a * b * color system is an improved uniform color space based on CIEDE 2000, an improved uniform color space based on CMC, an improved uniform color space based on CIEDE 94, etc. Including.
- the method of generating the color chart for selecting a main color receives the input of the absolute value of the lightness difference in the first scale, and the first color patch P1 and the second color scale in the first scale.
- the absolute value of the lightness difference of the color patch P2 and the absolute value of the lightness difference of the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3 in the first scale become the absolute value of the received lightness difference.
- a plurality of color patches PA1 may be formed.
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the first color patch P1 and the second color patch P2 in the first scale, and the absolute value of the lightness difference between the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3 in the first scale Since adjustment is possible, it is possible to provide a method of generating a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged more efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the method of generating the color chart for selecting a main color receives the input of the absolute value of the saturation difference in the second scale, and receives the first color patch P1 and the second color scale in the second scale.
- the absolute value of the chroma difference of the two-color patch P2 and the absolute value of the chroma difference of the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3 in the second scale are the received absolute value of the chroma difference
- the plurality of color patches PA1 may be formed to be In this aspect, the absolute value of the chroma difference between the first color patch P1 and the second color patch P2 at the second scale, and the absolute value of the chroma difference between the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3 at the second scale Since the values can be adjusted, it is possible to provide a method for generating a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged more efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the color selection color chart CH1 is generated so as to satisfy at least one of the conditions (a) and (b), and the condition (c) below is satisfied when the condition (a) is satisfied. At least the number of times and the number of generated color charts for color selection until finding a color patch for a target color, as compared to the case where a color chart for color selection is generated so as to satisfy the following condition (d) You may reduce one.
- the absolute value of the saturation difference between the second color patch (for example, patch P92 of identification number 63) and the third color patch (for example, patch P93 of identification number 64) in the * a * b * color system is equal.
- the color selection color chart generation program PR1 that causes a computer to realize the function of generating the color selection color chart CH1 for selecting a patch is for color selection so that at least one of the conditions (a) and (b) is satisfied.
- the function of generating the color chart CH1 is realized.
- This aspect can provide a program for generating a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited.
- the present technology records a device for generating a color chart for color selection, a composite device including this device, a control method for these devices, a control program for these devices, a color chart generation program for color selection, and the control program
- the present invention is applicable to computer readable media, etc.
- the aforementioned device may be composed of a plurality of distributed parts.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a print PT1 of a color selection color chart CH1 for selecting a color patch closest to a designated color from among a plurality of color patches PA1 as an example of a color selection color chart. There is. Patches are also called color charts.
- the plurality of color patches PA1 shown in FIG. 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally so that the color difference ⁇ E 00 represented by the CIEDE 2000 color difference equation is equal to the printed material M1.
- improved uniform color space based on CIEDE2000 is an example of a perceptually uniform color space than the Lab color system, the lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 and chroma difference [Delta] C 00 1 of the improved uniform color space based on CIEDE2000 It is an example of color difference ⁇ E 00 .
- the lightness of the improved uniform color space based on CIEDE 2000 is represented as L 00
- the chroma of the improved uniform color space based on CIEDE 2000 is represented as C 00 .
- Identification numbers 11 to 77 are assigned to the patches PA1 shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of convenience.
- a plurality of patches PA1 in which the color is gradually changed from the color of the patch PA1a at the center is disposed.
- Each patch PA1 shown in FIG. 1 changes the lightness and the saturation in the same hue.
- FIG. 1 shows the example shown in FIG.
- the patches PA1 are arranged so that the lightness L 00 of the improved uniform color space increases by the lightness difference ⁇ L 00 1 ( ⁇ L 00 1> 0) by one from bottom to top, and from left to right
- the color chart for color selection CH1 satisfies the above condition (a), assuming that three patches PA1 continuous in the longitudinal direction are the first color patch P1, the second color patch P2 and the third color patch P3 in order.
- patch PA1 of identification number 72 is applied to the first color patch P1
- patch PA1 of identification number 62 is applied to the second color patch P2
- patch PA1 of identification number 52 is applied to the third color patch P3.
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between the first color patch P1 and the second color patch P2 at the lightness L 00 of the improved uniform color space (example of the first scale) and the second color patch P2 at the lightness L 00 of the improved uniform color space the absolute value of the brightness difference of the third color patch P3, are all the same as [Delta] L 00 1.
- the color selection color chart CH1 satisfies the above-described condition (b), assuming that three patches PA1 continuous in the lateral direction are a first color patch P1, a second color patch P2 and a third color patch P3 in order. For example, when patch PA1 of identification number 73 is applied to the first color patch P1, patch PA1 of identification number 74 is applied to the second color patch P2, and patch PA1 of identification number 75 is applied to the third color patch P3. .
- the absolute value of the saturation difference between the patch P2 and the third color patch P3 is both the same as ⁇ C 00 1. From the above, it is possible to cover a wider color area with a smaller number of patches than when arranging color patches at intervals of color difference ⁇ E in the Lab color space, and the number of times of printing the color chart for color selection until finding the target color Can be reduced.
- FIG. 2A schematically shows a main part of a printed matter PT1 having an array of a plurality of color patches PA1 in which the concept of the second embodiment described above is exhibited together with the condition (a) relating to lightness.
- the patches PA1 are arranged so that the lightness interval is perceptually uniform in the low lightness area where the lightness L * of the Lab color system is about 50 or less.
- Four patches PA1 shown in FIG. 2A correspond to, for example, patches of identification numbers 72, 62, 52 and 42 shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG.
- the patch PA1 is arranged so increase the lightness L 00 of the improved uniform color space upwards is by lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 from below. That is, the patch PA1 in the longitudinal direction are arranged in the lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 intervals.
- the lightness L * in the Lab color system of the color patches P1, P2 and P3 is sequentially represented by LP1, LP2 and LP3, LP1 ⁇ LP2 ⁇ LP3.
- the lightness LP1 is 0 or more, preferably less than 50, but is not limited to less than 50.
- the lightness LP3 is not limited to 50 or less, although it is preferably greater than 0 and 50 or less.
- a feature of the color chart CH1 shown in FIG. 2A is that the absolute value ⁇ L21 of the lightness difference between the color patches P1 and P2 is larger than the absolute value ⁇ L32 between the color patches P2 and P3.
- FIG. 2B schematically shows the main part of a printed matter PT1 having an array of a plurality of color patches PA1 in which the concept of the third aspect described above is exhibited together with the condition (a) relating to lightness.
- the patches PA1 are arranged so that the lightness interval is perceptually uniform in the high lightness area where the lightness L * of the Lab color system is about 50 or more.
- the patch PA1 is arranged so increase the lightness L 00 of the improved uniform color space upwards is by lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 from below.
- the patch PA1 in the longitudinal direction are arranged in the lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 intervals.
- the lightness L * in the Lab color system of the color patches P4, P5, and P6 is sequentially represented by LP4, LP5, and LP6, LP3 ⁇ LP4 ⁇ LP5 ⁇ LP6.
- the lightness LP6 is preferably larger than 50 but is not limited to larger than 50.
- the lightness LP4 is preferably 50 or more, it is not limited to 50 or more.
- a feature of the color chart CH1 shown in FIG. 2B is that the absolute value ⁇ L54 of the lightness difference between the color patches P4 and P5 is smaller than the absolute value ⁇ L65 between the color patches P5 and P6.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the main part of a printed matter PT1 having an array of a plurality of color patches PA1 in which the concept of the fourth aspect described above is expressed together with the condition (b) regarding the saturation.
- patches PA1 are arranged so that the saturation intervals are perceptually uniform.
- the patches PA1 are arranged such that the saturation C 00 of the improved uniform color space increases by the saturation difference ⁇ C 00 1 from left to right. That is, the patch PA1 in the lateral direction are arranged in chroma difference [Delta] L 00 1 intervals.
- the color patch P7 is applied to the first color patch P1 of aspect 1
- the color patch P8 is applied to the second color patch P2 of aspect 1
- the color patch P9 is applied to the third color patch P3 of aspect 1.
- a tan 2 is a function that returns the arctangent of color coordinates (a *, b *), and mod is a function that returns the remainder when the numerical value is divided by the divisor.
- the functions f L and f C can be determined by the following procedure.
- the color difference ⁇ E 00 according to the CIEDE 2000 color difference equation is expressed by the following equation.
- the weighting factor S L for lightness and the weighting factor S C for saturation are expressed by the following equations.
- Figure 4A represent a L'-S L curve according to equation (7) shows the C'-S C curve according to equation (8) in Figure 4B.
- S L is a weighting factor for calculating the color difference with respect to ⁇ L ′
- S C is a weighting factor for calculating the color difference with respect to ⁇ C ′.
- the weighting factor S L is designed such that ⁇ L ′ decreases as L ′ moves away from 50.
- the weighting factor SC is designed such that ⁇ C ′ decreases as C ′ increases.
- the lightness L uniform and the saturation C uniform can be expressed as follows.
- the conversion function from the coordinate values of the Lab color space to the coordinate values of the improved uniform color space is represented as f uniform
- the inverse conversion function is represented as f ⁇ 1 uniform . Since the inverse transformation function f ⁇ 1 uniform can not obtain an equation, it suffices to create the function by polynomial approximation. Of course, the conversion function f uniform may also create a function by polynomial approximation.
- FIG. 5A shows the L * -L 00 characteristic representing the relationship between the lightness L 00 lightness L * and improved uniform color space Lab color space.
- FIG. 5B shows the C * -C 00 characteristic representing the relationship between the chroma C 00 saturation C * and improved uniform color space Lab color space.
- the C * -C 00 characteristics, slope as the saturation C * increases indicates a characteristic becomes gentle.
- the printing apparatus is a printer that performs printing using color materials (for example, ink) of C (cyan), M (magenta), Y (yellow), and K (black). Also, assuming that the printer is made to print based on document data representing the usage amount of CMYK (C, M, Y, and K), this document data is created assuming a print target (Japan Color) It shall be. Color conversion uses ICC Profile.
- Step 1 First, based on the document data (C org , M org , Y org , K org ) representing the color of the target document, the coordinate value (L p ,) of the Lab color space of the color output by the printer Determine a p , b p ) according to the following equation.
- the function f ICC is a function that performs color conversion with reference to the ICC profile, and the meanings of the three arguments are as follows.
- the first argument represents a profile name.
- the second argument represents the color conversion direction. When the second argument is "A2B", it means converting from the CMYK value which is the device color to the Lab value which is from the device independent.
- the second argument is "B2A”
- the third argument represents the input color value.
- Step 2 Next, based on the coordinate values (L p , a p , b p ) of the output color of the printer, the color values (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ) of the improved uniform color space ) Is obtained according to the following equation.
- the reference color of the color chart for color selection CH1 is a color value (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ).
- Step 3 Lightness L uniform from reference lightness L p-uniform to ⁇ N L (N L is 1 or more, with reference color (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ) of color chart CH 1 as the center Integer step) increase or decrease the color coordinate a uniform from the reference color coordinate a p-uniform to ⁇ N a (N a is an integer of 1 or more) step increase or decrease the color coordinate b uniform from the reference color coordinate b p-uniform N b (N b is an integer of 1 or more) is incremented or decremented.
- Step 4 The color values (L uniform , A uniform , B uniform ) of the uniform color space of each color patch PA1 are converted into document data (Cp, Mp, Yp, Kp) representing the device color according to the following equation .
- Step 5 Based on the document data (Cp, Mp, Yp, Kp), the printer is caused to print a color chart for color selection CH1 as shown in FIG. As a result, a color chart CH1 having a total number (2N L +1) (2N a +1) (2N b +1) of color patches PA1 is formed on the substrate M1.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the coordinates C * and L * of the Lab color system and the coordinates C 00 , of the improved uniform color space according to CIEDE 2000, for each color patch PA1 generated by the color chart generation method for color selection described above.
- An example of L 00 is schematically shown.
- the color patches PA1 are equally spaced at an interval of the lightness difference ⁇ L 00 1 in the lightness L 00 direction, and in the saturation C 00 direction, the space of the saturation difference ⁇ C 00 1 Are evenly distributed.
- the spacing between color patches in the Lab color space is uneven in both the lightness L * direction and the saturation C * direction.
- the weighting factor S L shown in FIG. 4A is used to calculate the color difference with respect to ⁇ L ′, the larger the weighting factor S L, the smaller the lightness difference ⁇ L in the Lab color space.
- FIG. 7A schematically shows the relationship between the perceptually uniform lightness difference ⁇ L and the lightness L * in the Lab color space.
- the lightness difference at this time is indicated as ⁇ Lmin.
- FIG. 7A also illustrates the relationship between the lightness of the color patches P1 to P6 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B. Also from FIG.
- the absolute value ⁇ L21 of the lightness difference between patches P1 and P2 in the Lab color system increases the absolute value ⁇ L32 of the lightness difference between patches P2 and P3 in the Lab color system, and P4 and P5 in the Lab color system It can be seen that the absolute value .DELTA.L54 of the lightness difference is smaller than the absolute value .DELTA.L65 of the lightness difference of the patches P5 and P6 in the Lab color system.
- C * -C 00 characteristic gradually becomes gentle slope as the saturation C * increases. This is, placing the patch PA1 in chroma difference [Delta] C 00 1 intervals in the improved uniform color space, which means that chroma difference [Delta] C is gradually increased chroma C * is the larger the Lab color space. Since the weighting coefficient S C that shown in Figure 4B is used in the color difference calculation for [Delta] C ', chroma difference [Delta] C is small in the weighting coefficient S C is larger the Lab color space.
- FIG. 7B schematically shows the relationship between the perceptually uniform saturation difference ⁇ C and the saturation C * in the Lab color space.
- the chroma difference at this time is indicated as ⁇ Cmin.
- FIG. 7B also illustrates how the saturations of the color patches P7 to P9 shown in FIG. 3 are related.
- FIG. 7B also shows that the absolute value ⁇ C87 of the chroma difference between patches P7 and P8 in the Lab color system is smaller than the absolute value ⁇ C98 of the chroma difference between patches P8 and P9 in the Lab color system.
- FIG. 8 schematically shows an example of the configuration of a color adjustment apparatus that implements the color selection color chart generation method.
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 8 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 111, a read only memory (ROM) 112, a random access memory (RAM) 113, a storage device 114, a display device 115, an input device 116, and a communication I / F. (Interface) 118, etc. are connected so that input and output of information can be made possible.
- the storage device 114 stores a color adjustment program PR0, a profile PF1, a color conversion LUT (lookup table) 800, and the like.
- a nonvolatile semiconductor memory such as a flash memory, a magnetic storage device such as a hard disk, or the like can be used.
- a liquid crystal display panel or the like can be used for the display device 115.
- the input device 116 a touch panel attached to the surface of the display panel, a hard key including a keyboard, a pointing device, or the like can be used.
- the communication I / F 118 is connected to the communication I / F 210 of the printing apparatus 200 and inputs / outputs information to / from the printing apparatus 200.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- near field communication standards, or the like can be used.
- the communication of the communication I / F 118 or 210 may be wired or wireless, or may be network communication such as LAN (Local Area Network) or the Internet.
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 includes a computer such as a personal computer (including a tablet terminal).
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 may have all the components 111 to 118 in one housing, but may be configured by a plurality of devices communicably divided from one another. Further, even if the printing apparatus is in the color adjustment apparatus 100, the present technology can be implemented, and the printer having the printing function may perform the color adjustment processing of the present technology.
- the printing apparatus 200 acquires print data based on the output image generated by the color adjustment apparatus 100, and forms a print image corresponding to the output image on a substrate based on the print data.
- the printing apparatus 200 includes an electrophotographic printer such as an inkjet printer and a laser printer, and the like, and also includes a copying machine, a facsimile, and a multifunction machine having these functions.
- the color adjustment program PR0 illustrated in FIG. 8 causes the color adjustment apparatus 100 to implement the condition setting function FU1, the color chart generation function FU2, and the color selection function FU3.
- the color selection color chart generation program PR1 of this specific example causes the color adjustment apparatus 100 to realize the color chart generation function FU2.
- the profile PF1 is a color attribute file that defines the correspondence between input colors and output colors.
- the profile for the printing apparatus changes the color correspondence according to the use conditions such as the type of printing apparatus, the type of substrate, the type of observation light source, etc. Therefore, each type of printing apparatus and each type of substrate It is prepared for each use condition such as each observation light source.
- the profile since the correspondence relationship of colors may change depending on the lot of color material, the usage period of the printing apparatus, and the like, the profile may be generated according to the usage conditions.
- the printing apparatus uses a CMYK color material, for example, the color values (L * value, a * value, and b * value) of the Lab color space are defined as input colors, and the CMYK color materials are defined as output colors.
- Color conversion LUT 800 defines, for example, a correspondence between values representing input colors of RGB (red, green, and blue) and values representing amounts of use of CMYK color materials. In order to perform color matching by printing the color chart for color selection CH1, the color conversion LUT 800 can be generated according to the selection result of the color patch PA1.
- FIG. 9 shows an example of color adjustment processing performed by the color adjustment apparatus 100 shown in FIG.
- step S110 is an example corresponding to the condition setting function FU1
- step S120 is an example corresponding to the color chart generation function FU2
- step S140 is an example corresponding to the color selection function FU3.
- step S110 is an example corresponding to the condition setting function FU1
- step S120 is an example corresponding to the color chart generation function FU2
- step S140 is an example corresponding to the color selection function FU3.
- step S110 is an example corresponding to the condition setting function FU1
- step S120 is an example corresponding to the color chart generation function FU2
- step S140 is an example corresponding to the color selection function FU3.
- step S110 is an example corresponding to the condition setting function FU1
- step S120 is an example corresponding to the color chart generation function FU2
- step S140 is an example corresponding to the color selection function FU3.
- step S140 is an example corresponding to the color
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 When the process is started, the color adjustment apparatus 100 performs a condition setting process of setting various conditions (S110).
- This condition setting process is a process of receiving an input of a reference color (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ) (S112), and a perceptually uniform lightness interval ⁇ L 00 1 based on the improved uniform color space.
- processing of accepting input S114
- the process of receiving the input of the condition may be, for example, a process of receiving the operation when the user operates the input device 116.
- the processes of S114 and S116 may be summarized.
- the process of S114 is an example of the process of receiving the input of the absolute value of the lightness difference in the first scale
- the process of S116 is an example of the process of receiving the input of the absolute value of the saturation difference in the second scale.
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 receives the input conditions, for example, the reference color (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ), the lightness interval ⁇ L 00 1 and the saturation interval ⁇ C 00. Based on 1, the color chart for color selection CH1 as shown in FIG. 1 is printed on the printing apparatus 200 (S120).
- ⁇ L 00 1 ⁇ C 00 1
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 sets original color data (C p , M p , Y p , K p ) of the color values (L uniform , a uniform , b uniform ) of the uniform color space of each color patch PA1 according to the above equation (13). Convert to Then, when the color chart CH1 is printed on the printing apparatus 200 based on the document data (C p , M p , Y p , K p ), the total number (2N L +1) (2N a +1) (2N b +1) A color chart CH1 having a color patch PA1 is formed on a substrate M1.
- the absolute value of the lightness difference between patches P1 and P2 in the improved uniform color space (first scale) and the patches P2 and P3 in the improved uniform color space (first scale) are formed such that the absolute value of the lightness difference becomes the absolute value ⁇ L 00 1 of the lightness difference received in S114.
- the absolute value of the saturation difference between patches P1 and P2 in the improved uniform color space (second scale), and patches P2 and P3 in the improved uniform color space (second scale) the absolute value [Delta] C 00 1 more patches PA1 so that the chroma difference absolute value is accepted in S116 of chroma difference is formed.
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 After printing the color chart, the color adjustment apparatus 100 changes the conditions and branches the process depending on whether or not the color chart CH1 is reprinted (S130).
- This branching process can be, for example, a process of displaying a reprint button and a color selection button on the display device 115 and branching the process according to the button operation.
- the process returns to S110, and when the color selection button is received at the input device 116, the process proceeds to S140.
- the process returns to S110, conditions are again set, printing of the color chart CH1 is performed based on the new conditions, and a color patch is selected from among a plurality of color patches PA1 included in the color chart CH1. Ru.
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 receives the selection of the color patch closest to the designated color from among the plurality of color patches PA1 included in the color chart CH1 (S140), and ends the color adjustment processing.
- S140 is, for example, a process of receiving an operation input of an identification number associated with each patch PA1 in the input device 116, displaying a display patch corresponding to each patch PA1 on the display device 115 and selecting a plurality of display patches. From the input device 116, and the like.
- the color adjustment apparatus 100 may generate the color conversion LUT 800 based on the information of the selected color patch.
- This process can be, for example, a process of correcting a part of the original color conversion LUT that is the source of the color conversion LUT 800 to make the color conversion LUT 800.
- the color value of the Lab color space of the selected color patch is (L uniform , a uniform , b uniform )
- the color value of the reference color Lab color space is (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ).
- the color value (L p-uniform , a p-uniform , b p-uniform ) of the reference color is replaced with the color value (L uniform , a uniform , b uniform ) of the selected color patch, or the selected color
- the color conversion LUT 800 can be generated by modifying the original color conversion LUT so as to approach the color values (L uniform , a uniform , b uniform ) of the patch.
- the color reproduction accuracy of the print image formed on the substrate is improved.
- the generated color chart for color selection CH1 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of color patches PA1 such that absolute values of color differences at perceptually uniform scales between color patches are equal compared to Lab color system. Is formed. For example, in the low lightness region, as shown in FIG. 2A, the absolute value .DELTA.L21 of the lightness difference between patches P1 and P2 in the Lab color system is greater than the absolute value .DELTA.L32 between lightness patches P2 and P3 in the Lab color system. Is also getting bigger. Thus, each patch PA1 in the low brightness side area is arranged so that the lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 intervals in the improved uniform color space.
- the absolute value ⁇ L54 of the lightness difference between P4 and P5 in the Lab color system is greater than the absolute value ⁇ L65 between the patches P5 and P6 in the Lab color system It's smaller.
- each patch PA1 in areas of high brightness side is arranged such that the lightness difference [Delta] L 00 1 intervals in the improved uniform color space.
- the absolute value ⁇ C 87 of the chroma difference between patches P 7 and P 8 in the Lab color system is smaller than the absolute value ⁇ C 98 between the patches P 8 and P 9 in the Lab color system .
- the patch PA1 are arranged such that the chroma difference [Delta] C 00 1 intervals in the improved uniform color space.
- At least one of the number of times of generation of the color chart for color selection and the number of generated sheets until finding the color patch of the target color is compared with the case where the color patches are evenly arranged at intervals of color difference ⁇ E in Lab color space. It can be reduced.
- the number and the number of times of the color chart for color selection CH1 to be generated are about half compared to the case based on the Lab color system, and resource saving can be achieved.
- the number of man-hours (time) for selecting the color targeted by the user is reduced compared to the case based on the Lab color system, and efficiency could be improved. Therefore, this example can provide a color chart for color selection in which color patches are arranged efficiently while the number of color patches or the color chart area is limited, a method of generating the color chart, and a program for generating the color chart.
- the improved uniform color space may be a CMC-based improved uniform color space, a CIEDE 94-based improved uniform color space, or the like.
- the printing apparatus may use colorants of colors other than CMYK, and may not use some of the colorants of CMYK.
- the profile for the printing apparatus may define the correspondence according to the type of colorant used in the printing apparatus. When the color chart for color selection is displayed on the display device 115, the profile for the display device represents the color values of Lab color space and the intensity of R (red), G (green) and B (blue). The correspondence relationship with the values (R value, G value, and B value) may be defined.
- the present technology is also applicable to the case where the condition (a) is satisfied without the condition (b) described above being satisfied. Furthermore, the present technology is also applicable to the case where the condition (b) is satisfied without the condition (a) described above being satisfied.
- color adjustment device 114 storage device 115: display device 116: input device 200: printing device CH1: color chart FU1: condition setting function FU2: color chart generation function FU3: color selection function M1: printed material, P1: first color patch, P2: second color patch, P3: third color patch, P4: fourth color patch, P5: fifth color patch, P6: sixth color patch, P7: fifth Seventh color patch P8 eighth color patch P9 ninth color patch PA1 patch PA1a central patch PF1 profile PR0 color adjustment program PR1 color selection color chart generator program PT1 Printed matter.
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Abstract
Description
また、プリンターで使用されるC(シアン)、M(マゼンタ)、Y(イエロー)、及び、K(ブラック)の色材(例えばインク)の使用量を変化させることにより複数のカラーパッチを形成する場合、色のカバー領域が4次元となるため、カラーパッチ数が非常に多くなる。
該色選択用カラーチャートには、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含む前記複数のカラーパッチが形成され、
下記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たす、態様を有する。
(a)CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系の明度よりも知覚的に均等な第一尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、が等しい。(b)CIE L*a*b*表色系の彩度よりも知覚的に均等な第二尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
該色選択用カラーチャートには、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含む前記複数のカラーパッチが形成され、
CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第一カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第二カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第二カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第三カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値が前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値よりも大きい、態様を有する。
該色選択用カラーチャートには、順に配置された第七カラーパッチ、第八カラーパッチ、及び、第九カラーパッチを含む前記複数のカラーパッチが形成され、
CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第七カラーパッチの彩度よりも前記第八カラーパッチの彩度が高く、
前記第八カラーパッチの彩度よりも前記第九カラーパッチの彩度が高く、
前記第七カラーパッチと前記第八カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値が前記第八カラーパッチと前記第九カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値よりも小さい、態様を有する。
前記複数のカラーパッチは、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含み、
上記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成する、態様を有する。
前記複数のカラーパッチは、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含み、
上記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成する機能を実現させる、態様を有する。
まず、図1~11に示される例を参照して本発明に含まれる技術の概要を説明する。尚、図1~11は模式的に例を示す図であり、これらの図に示される各方向の拡大率は異なることがあり、各図は整合していないことがある。
図1~3,6に例示するように、複数のカラーパッチPA1の中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートCH1には、順に配置された第一カラーパッチP1、第二カラーパッチP2、及び、第三カラーパッチP3を含む前記複数のカラーパッチPA1が形成されている。前記色選択用カラーチャートCH1は、下記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たす。
(a)CIE L*a*b*表色系の明度よりも知覚的に均等な第一尺度(例えばCIEDE2000色差式に基づく明度)における前記第一カラーパッチP1と前記第二カラーパッチP2の明度差の絶対値(例えばΔL001)と、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチP2と前記第三カラーパッチP3の明度差の絶対値(例えばΔL001)と、が等しい。
(b)CIE L*a*b*表色系の彩度よりも知覚的に均等な第二尺度(例えばCIEDE2000色差式に基づく彩度)における前記第一カラーパッチP1と前記第二カラーパッチP2の彩度差の絶対値(例えばΔC001)と、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチP2と前記第三カラーパッチP3の彩度差の絶対値(例えばΔC001)と、が等しい。
例えば、人の知覚する色差としては、低彩度で人の知覚する色差よりも高彩度で人の知覚する色差の方が小さくなり、明度L*=50付近で人の知覚する色差よりも暗部や明部で人の知覚する色差の方が小さくなる。このことから、色の領域によっては、パッチ間の色の違いが比較的小さく知覚され、目的の色と最も近い色を見つけるのに時間がかかってしまう。また、カラーチャートに示されるパッチの数が限られている場合、全パッチで提示することができる色のカバー領域が小さくなってしまう。
色選択用カラーチャートは、被印刷物(print substrate)等といった媒体に形成されてもよいし、表示装置に表示されてもよい。
尚、上記態様1における第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチは、複数のカラーパッチから配置の向きとは関係無く選ばれる三つのカラーパッチであればよい。従って、図3の括弧内に示すように、カラーパッチP7を本態様1の第一カラーパッチP1に当てはめ、カラーパッチP8を本態様1の第二カラーパッチP2に当てはめ、カラーパッチP9を本態様1の第三カラーパッチP3に当てはめることも可能である。
図2Aに例示される色選択用カラーチャートCH1は、CIE L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第一カラーパッチP1の明度LP1よりも前記第二カラーパッチP2の明度LP2が高く、
前記第二カラーパッチP2の明度LP2よりも前記第三カラーパッチP3の明度LP3が高く、
前記第一カラーパッチP1と前記第二カラーパッチP2の明度差の絶対値が前記第二カラーパッチP2と前記第三カラーパッチP3の明度差の絶対値よりも大きい。
図2Bに例示するように、前記複数のカラーパッチPA1は、順に配置された第四カラーパッチP4、第五カラーパッチP5、及び、第六カラーパッチP6を含んでもよい。
色選択用カラーチャートCH1は、CIE L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第三カラーパッチP3の明度LP3よりも前記第四カラーパッチP4の明度LP4が高く、
前記第四カラーパッチP4の明度LP4よりも前記第五カラーパッチP5の明度LP5が高く、
前記第五カラーパッチP5の明度LP5よりも前記第六カラーパッチP6の明度LP6が高く、
前記第四カラーパッチP4と前記第五カラーパッチP5の明度差の絶対値が前記第五カラーパッチP5と前記第六カラーパッチP6の明度差の絶対値よりも小さくてもよい。
図3に例示するように、複数のカラーパッチPA1の中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートCH1には、順に配置された第七カラーパッチP7、第八カラーパッチP8、及び、第九カラーパッチP9を含む前記複数のカラーパッチPA1が形成されている。
図3に例示される色選択用カラーチャートCH1は、CIE L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第七カラーパッチP7の彩度CP7よりも前記第八カラーパッチP8の彩度CP8が高く、
前記第八カラーパッチP8の彩度CP8よりも前記第九カラーパッチP9の彩度CP9が高く、
前記第七カラーパッチP7と前記第八カラーパッチP8の彩度差の絶対値が前記第八カラーパッチP8と前記第九カラーパッチP9の彩度差の絶対値よりも小さい。
尚、パッチP1~P9を図1~3で示した位置のパッチに当てはめるのは例示に過ぎず、パッチP1~P9を様々な位置のパッチに当てはめることができる。
図9等に例示するように、順に配置された第一カラーパッチP1、第二カラーパッチP2、及び、第三カラーパッチP3を含む複数のカラーパッチPA1の中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートCH1を生成する色選択用カラーチャート生成方法は、上記条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートCH1を生成する。この態様は、カラーパッチ数又はカラーチャート面積が限られる中で効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャートの生成方法を提供することができる。
前記第一尺度の明度は、CIE L*a*b*表色系よりも知覚的に均等な色空間の明度でもよい。前記第二尺度の彩度は、CIE L*a*b*表色系よりも知覚的に均等な色空間の彩度でもよい。本態様は、カラーパッチ数又はカラーチャート面積が限られる中でさらに効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャートの生成方法を提供することができる。
ここで、CIE L*a*b*表色系よりも知覚的に均等な色空間は、CIEDE2000に基づく改良均等色空間、CMCに基づく改良均等色空間、CIEDE94に基づく改良均等色空間、等を含む。
図9等に例示するように、本色選択用カラーチャートCH1の生成方法は、前記第一尺度における明度差の絶対値の入力を受け付け、前記第一尺度における前記第一カラーパッチP1と前記第二カラーパッチP2の明度差の絶対値、及び、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチP2と前記第三カラーパッチP3の明度差の絶対値が前記受け付けた明度差の絶対値となるように前記複数のカラーパッチPA1を形成してもよい。この態様は、第一尺度における第一カラーパッチP1と第二カラーパッチP2の明度差の絶対値、及び、第一尺度における第二カラーパッチP2と第三カラーパッチP3の明度差の絶対値を調整することができるので、カラーパッチ数又はカラーチャート面積が限られる中でさらに効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャートの生成方法を提供することができる。
図9等に例示するように、本色選択用カラーチャートCH1の生成方法は、前記第二尺度における彩度差の絶対値の入力を受け付け、前記第二尺度における前記第一カラーパッチP1と前記第二カラーパッチP2の彩度差の絶対値、及び、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチP2と前記第三カラーパッチP3の彩度差の絶対値が前記受け付けた彩度差の絶対値となるように前記複数のカラーパッチPA1を形成してもよい。この態様は、第二尺度における第一カラーパッチP1と第二カラーパッチP2の彩度差の絶対値、及び、第二尺度における第二カラーパッチP2と第三カラーパッチP3の彩度差の絶対値を調整することができるので、カラーパッチ数又はカラーチャート面積が限られる中でさらに効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャートの生成方法を提供することができる。
さらに、上記条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートCH1を生成することにより、上記条件(a)を満たす場合に下記の条件(c)を満たし上記条件(b)を満たす場合に下記の条件(d)を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成する場合と比べて目標色のカラーパッチを見つけるまでの色選択用カラーチャートの生成回数と生成枚数の少なくとも一方を減らしてもよい。
(c)CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第一カラーパッチ(例えば図10に示すパッチP91)と前記第二カラーパッチ(例えば識別番号52のパッチP92)の明度差の絶対値と、CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第二カラーパッチ(例えば識別番号52のパッチP92)と前記第三カラーパッチ(例えば識別番号42のパッチP93)の明度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
(d)CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第一カラーパッチ(例えばパッチP91)と前記第二カラーパッチ(例えば識別番号63のパッチP92)の彩度差の絶対値と、CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第二カラーパッチ(例えば識別番号63のパッチP92)と前記第三カラーパッチ(例えば識別番号64のパッチP93)の彩度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
図8等に例示するように、順に配置された第一カラーパッチP1、第二カラーパッチP2、及び、第三カラーパッチP3を含む複数のカラーパッチPA1の中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートCH1を生成する機能をコンピューターに実現させる色選択用カラーチャート生成プログラムPR1は、上記条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートCH1を生成する機能を実現させる。この態様は、カラーパッチ数又はカラーチャート面積が限られる中で効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャートの生成プログラムを提供することができる。
図1は、色選択用カラーチャートの例として、複数のカラーパッチPA1の中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートCH1の印刷物PT1を模式的に示している。パッチは、色票とも呼ばれる。図1に示す複数のカラーパッチPA1は、被印刷物M1に対して、CIEDE2000色差式で表される色差ΔE00が均等となるように縦横に並べられている。ここで、CIEDE2000に基づく改良均等色空間はLab表色系よりも知覚的に均等な色空間の例であり、CIEDE2000に基づく改良均等色空間の明度差ΔL001及び彩度差ΔC001は色差ΔE00の例である。また、図5Aに示すようにCIEDE2000に基づく改良均等色空間の明度をL00と表し、図5Bに示すようにCIEDE2000に基づく改良均等色空間の彩度をC00と表す。
以上より、Lab色空間の色差ΔEの間隔でカラーパッチを並べる場合と比べて、より少ないパッチ数で、より広い色領域をカバーでき、目的の色を見つけるまでの色選択用カラーチャートの印刷回数を減らすことができる。
図2Aに示すカラーチャートCH1の特徴は、カラーパッチP1,P2の明度差の絶対値ΔL21がカラーパッチP2,P3の明度差の絶対値ΔL32よりも大きいことである。
図2Bに示すカラーチャートCH1の特徴は、カラーパッチP4,P5の明度差の絶対値ΔL54がカラーパッチP5,P6の明度差の絶対値ΔL65よりも小さいことである。
図3に示すカラーチャートCH1の特徴は、カラーパッチP7,P8の彩度差の絶対値ΔC87がカラーパッチP8,P9の彩度差の絶対値ΔC98よりも小さいことである。
次に、CIEDE2000に基づく改良均等色空間の導き方を説明する。
Lab色空間の座標値をL*,a*,b*で表すと、Lab色空間の彩度c*は、
c*={(a*)2+(b*)2}1/2
である。改良均等色空間の座標値 Luniform, Auniform, Buniformは、以下のように算出することができる。
まず、CIEDE2000色差式による色差ΔE00は、以下の式で表される。
また、図5Bは、Lab色空間の彩度C*と改良均等色空間の彩度C00との対応関係を表すC*-C00特性を示している。このC*-C00特性は、彩度C*が大きくなるほど傾きが緩やかになる特性を示している。
第一引数は、プロファイル名を表す。
第二引数は、色変換方向を表す。第二引数が「A2B」である場合、デバイスカラーであるCMYK値からデバイス非依存からであるLab値に変換することを意味する。第二引数が「B2A」である場合、デバイス非依存カラーであるLab値からデバイスカラーであるCMYK値に変換することを意味する。
第三引数は、入力カラー値を表す。
図8は、色選択用カラーチャート生成方法を実施する色調整装置の構成例を模式的に示している。図8に示す色調整装置100は、CPU(Central Processing Unit)111、ROM(Read Only Memory)112、RAM(Random Access Memory)113、記憶装置114、表示装置115、入力装置116、通信I/F(インターフェイス)118、等が接続されて互いに情報を入出力可能とされている。記憶装置114は、色調整プログラムPR0、プロファイルPF1、色変換LUT(ルックアップテーブル)800、等を記憶している。記憶装置114には、フラッシュメモリー等の不揮発性半導体メモリー、ハードディスク等の磁気記憶装置、等を用いることができる。表示装置115には、液晶表示パネル等を用いることができる。入力装置116には、表示パネルの表面に貼り付けられたタッチパネル、キーボードを含むハードキー、ポインティングデバイス、等を用いることができる。通信I/F118は、印刷装置200の通信I/F210に接続され、印刷装置200に対して情報を入出力する。通信I/F118,210の規格には、USB(Universal Serial Bus)、近距離無線通信規格、等を用いることができる。通信I/F118,210の通信は、有線でもよいし、無線でもよく、LAN(Local Area Network)やインターネット等といったネットワーク通信でもよい。
印刷装置200は、色調整装置100が生成した出力画像に基づく印刷用データを入手し、該印刷用データに基づいて前記出力画像に対応する印刷画像を被印刷物に形成する。印刷装置200には、インクジェットプリンター、レーザープリンターといった電子写真方式のプリンター、等が含まれ、複写機、ファクシミリ、これらの機能を備えた複合機、等も含まれる。
色変換LUT800は、例えば、RGB(赤、緑、及び、青)の入力色を表す値とCMYKの色材の使用量を表す値との対応関係が規定される。色選択用カラーチャートCH1を印刷して色合わせを行うため、カラーパッチPA1の選択結果に応じた色変換LUT800を生成することができるようにしている。
図9は、図8に示す色調整装置100で行われる色調整処理の例を示している。ここで、ステップS110は条件設定機能FU1に対応する例であり、ステップS120はカラーチャート生成機能FU2に対応する例であり、ステップS140は色選択機能FU3に対応する例である。以下、「ステップ」の記載を省略する。
得られる色変換LUT800を参照することにより、被印刷物に形成される印刷画像の色再現精度が向上する。
生成される色選択用カラーチャートCH1は、例えば図1に示すように、カラーパッチ間でLab表色系よりも知覚的に均等な尺度における色差の絶対値が等しくなるように複数のカラーパッチPA1が形成されている。例えば、低明度側の領域では、図2Aに示すように、Lab表色系におけるパッチP1,P2の明度差の絶対値ΔL21をLab表色系におけるパッチP2,P3の明度差の絶対値ΔL32よりも大きくしている。これにより、低明度側の領域で各パッチPA1が改良均等色空間における明度差ΔL001の間隔となるように配置される。また、高明度側の領域では、図2Bに示すように、Lab表色系におけるP4,P5の明度差の絶対値ΔL54をLab表色系におけるパッチP5,P6の明度差の絶対値ΔL65よりも小さくしている。これにより、高明度側の領域で各パッチPA1が改良均等色空間における明度差ΔL001の間隔となるように配置される。さらに、図3に示すように、Lab表色系におけるパッチP7,P8の彩度差の絶対値ΔC87をLab表色系におけるパッチP8,P9の彩度差の絶対値ΔC98よりも小さくしている。これにより、パッチPA1が改良均等色空間における彩度差ΔC001の間隔となるように配置される。
従って、本具体例は、カラーパッチ数又はカラーチャート面積が限られる中で効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャート、その生成方法、及び、その生成プログラムを提供することができる。
本発明は、種々の変形例が考えられる。
例えば、改良均等色空間は、CMCに基づく改良均等色空間、CIEDE94に基づく改良均等色空間、等でもよい。
印刷装置は、CMYK以外の色の色材を使用してもよいし、CMYKの一部の色材を使用しなくてもよい。印刷装置のためのプロファイルは、印刷装置で使用される色材の種類に応じた対応関係を規定しておけばよい。
色選択用カラーチャートが表示装置115に表示される場合、表示装置のためのプロファイルはLab色空間の色彩値とR(赤)、G(緑)、及び、B(青)の強さを表す値(R値、G値、及び、B値)との対応関係を規定しておけばよい。
また、上述した条件(b)を満たさないで条件(a)を満たす場合も、本技術を適用可能である。さらに、上述した条件(a)を満たさないで条件(b)を満たす場合も、本技術を適用可能である。
以上説明したように、本発明によると、種々の態様により、効率的にカラーパッチが配置された色選択用カラーチャート等の技術を提供することができる。むろん、従属請求項に係る構成要件を有しておらず独立請求項に係る構成要件のみからなる技術等でも、上述した基本的な作用、効果が得られる。
また、上述した例の中で開示した各構成を相互に置換したり組み合わせを変更したりした構成、公知技術及び上述した例の中で開示した各構成を相互に置換したり組み合わせを変更したりした構成、等も実施可能である。本発明は、これらの構成等も含まれる。
Claims (10)
- 複数のカラーパッチの中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートであって、
該色選択用カラーチャートには、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含む前記複数のカラーパッチが形成され、
下記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たす色選択用カラーチャート。
(a)CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系の明度よりも知覚的に均等な第一尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
(b)CIE L*a*b*表色系の彩度よりも知覚的に均等な第二尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、が等しい。 - 複数のカラーパッチの中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートであって、
該色選択用カラーチャートには、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含む前記複数のカラーパッチが形成され、
CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第一カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第二カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第二カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第三カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値が前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値よりも大きい、色選択用カラーチャート。 - 前記複数のカラーパッチは、順に配置された第四カラーパッチ、第五カラーパッチ、及び、第六カラーパッチを含み、
CIE L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第三カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第四カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第四カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第五カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第五カラーパッチの明度よりも前記第六カラーパッチの明度が高く、
前記第四カラーパッチと前記第五カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値が前記第五カラーパッチと前記第六カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値よりも小さい、請求項2に記載の色選択用カラーチャート。 - 複数のカラーパッチの中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートであって、
該色選択用カラーチャートには、順に配置された第七カラーパッチ、第八カラーパッチ、及び、第九カラーパッチを含む前記複数のカラーパッチが形成され、
CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系において、
前記第七カラーパッチの彩度よりも前記第八カラーパッチの彩度が高く、
前記第八カラーパッチの彩度よりも前記第九カラーパッチの彩度が高く、
前記第七カラーパッチと前記第八カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値が前記第八カラーパッチと前記第九カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値よりも小さい、色選択用カラーチャート。 - 複数のカラーパッチの中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートを生成する色選択用カラーチャート生成方法であって、
前記複数のカラーパッチは、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含み、
下記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成する色選択用カラーチャート生成方法。
(a)CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系の明度よりも知覚的に均等な第一尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
(b)CIE L*a*b*表色系の彩度よりも知覚的に均等な第二尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、が等しい。 - 前記第一尺度の明度は、CIE L*a*b*表色系よりも知覚的に均等な色空間の明度であり、
前記第二尺度の彩度は、CIE L*a*b*表色系よりも知覚的に均等な色空間の彩度である、請求項5に記載の色選択用カラーチャート生成方法。 - 前記第一尺度における明度差の絶対値の入力を受け付け、前記第一尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値、及び、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値が前記受け付けた明度差の絶対値となるように前記複数のカラーパッチを形成する、請求項5又は請求項6に記載の色選択用カラーチャート生成方法。
- 前記第二尺度における彩度差の絶対値の入力を受け付け、前記第二尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値、及び、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値が前記受け付けた彩度差の絶対値となるように前記複数のカラーパッチを形成する、請求項5~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の色選択用カラーチャート生成方法。
- 上記条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成することにより、上記条件(a)を満たす場合に下記の条件(c)を満たし上記条件(b)を満たす場合に下記の条件(d)を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成する場合と比べて目標色のカラーパッチを見つけるまでの色選択用カラーチャートの生成回数と生成枚数の少なくとも一方を減らすことを特徴とする、請求項5~請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の色選択用カラーチャート生成方法。
(c)CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
(d)CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、CIE L*a*b*表色系における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、が等しい。 - 複数のカラーパッチの中から指定色に最も近い色のカラーパッチを選択するための色選択用カラーチャートを生成する機能をコンピューターに実現させる色選択用カラーチャート生成プログラムであって、
前記複数のカラーパッチは、順に配置された第一カラーパッチ、第二カラーパッチ、及び、第三カラーパッチを含み、
下記の条件(a),(b)の少なくとも一方を満たすように色選択用カラーチャートを生成する機能を実現させる色選択用カラーチャート生成プログラム。
(a)CIE(国際照明委員会)L*a*b*表色系の明度よりも知覚的に均等な第一尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、前記第一尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの明度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
(b)CIE L*a*b*表色系の彩度よりも知覚的に均等な第二尺度における前記第一カラーパッチと前記第二カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、前記第二尺度における前記第二カラーパッチと前記第三カラーパッチの彩度差の絶対値と、が等しい。
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