WO2017138298A1 - ビーム整形装置、及びレーザ発振器 - Google Patents
ビーム整形装置、及びレーザ発振器 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017138298A1 WO2017138298A1 PCT/JP2017/001021 JP2017001021W WO2017138298A1 WO 2017138298 A1 WO2017138298 A1 WO 2017138298A1 JP 2017001021 W JP2017001021 W JP 2017001021W WO 2017138298 A1 WO2017138298 A1 WO 2017138298A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/30—Collimators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
- G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
- G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
- G02B27/0955—Lenses
- G02B27/0966—Cylindrical lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B3/0025—Machining, e.g. grinding, polishing, diamond turning, manufacturing of mould parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
- G02B3/0031—Replication or moulding, e.g. hot embossing, UV-casting, injection moulding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/005—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along a single direction only, e.g. lenticular sheets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
- G02B3/0062—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between
- G02B3/0068—Stacked lens arrays, i.e. refractive surfaces arranged in at least two planes, without structurally separate optical elements in-between arranged in a single integral body or plate, e.g. laminates or hybrid structures with other optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0075—Arrays characterized by non-optical structures, e.g. having integrated holding or alignment means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a beam shaping device that collimates laser light from a light emitting device, and a laser oscillator.
- YAG laser, YVO4 laser, fiber laser, and the like use a semiconductor laser (LD) as an excitation light source.
- LD semiconductor laser
- pumping light of a semiconductor laser having a wavelength in the 800 nm band or 900 nm band is irradiated to the laser medium via an optical fiber or directly, and converted into oscillation light having a wavelength in the 1000 nm band.
- laser light of a semiconductor laser having a wavelength in the 900 nm band or 1000 nm band is directly used for processing a member.
- an LD bar in which a plurality of light emitting layers (active layer stripes) of a semiconductor element are arranged in a one-dimensional direction is used.
- an LD bar having a width of about 10 mm in which light emitting layers having a width of 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m are arranged at an equal pitch, 10 to 50 laser beams are emitted in parallel from the end face of each light emitting layer.
- an output of several tens of watts can be obtained, and in recent years, an LD bar that outputs several hundreds of watts is also available.
- the laser beam emitted from the LD bar When the laser beam emitted from the LD bar is used, for example, by making it incident on an optical fiber or directly irradiating an object to be processed, it is common to collimate, that is, collimate the laser beam once. .
- the width of the light emitting layer of the semiconductor element is 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, whereas the thickness of the light emitting layer of the semiconductor element is about 1 ⁇ m, so that the divergence angle of the laser light is 7 deg to 11 deg in the width direction of the light emitting layer.
- the thickness direction of the light emitting layer is 45 deg to 60 deg, which is greatly different between the width direction and the thickness direction.
- the thickness direction in which the divergence angle of the laser beam is large is called the fast axis direction
- the width direction in which the divergence angle of the laser beam is small is called the slow axis direction.
- each laser beam transmitted through the FAC is rotated by 90 degrees around the optical axis by the optical path conversion element, and the fast axis direction and the slow axis direction are switched.
- a beam shaping device that makes the light incident on the SAC has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the difference in quality between the fast axis direction and the slow axis direction of the laser beam when irradiating the laser medium or entering the optical fiber that is, the width and divergence angle of the laser beam. The difference is kept small.
- the divergence angle of the laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser is larger in the fast axis direction than in the slow axis direction. Therefore, in the beam shaping apparatuses shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the FAC is arranged at a position closer to the LD bar than the SAC.
- the output of LD bars has been increasing, and LD bars that output several hundred watts can be obtained.
- the number of light emitting layers increases, and the pitch between the light emitting layers is accordingly reduced.
- the pitch between the light emitting layers is 200 ⁇ m with respect to the width of the light emitting layer of 100 ⁇ m, and nearly 50 light emitting layers are arranged on an LD bar having a width of 10 mm.
- each light emitting layer is arranged in the slow axis direction in the LD bar, when the pitch between the light emitting layers is narrowed, the laser beams from the respective light emitting layers adjacent to each other are relatively short distance from the end face of the LD bar. It starts to overlap. Therefore, in order to collimate the laser light before the laser light overlaps, it is necessary to shorten the focal length of the SAC and make the SAC a finer cylindrical lens array. In this case, the focal length of the FAC arranged between the LD bar and the SAC is further shortened, and the radius of curvature of the lens surface of the FAC may be as small as about 0.1 mm.
- the FAC Since the length of the FAC needs to be longer than the width of the LD bar, the FAC is a cylindrical lens having a very long shape. Such lenses are difficult to handle and require great care. In addition, since the radius of curvature of the lens surface of the FAC is small, it takes time to mold and polish the FAC, and it becomes difficult to manufacture the FAC. In the future, if the output of the LD bar is increased and the pitch between the light emitting layers is further reduced, the handling and manufacturing of SAC and FAC will become more difficult.
- the distance from the LD bar to SAC is increased, and only the cylinder surface facing the light emitting layer in the SAC cylindrical lens array.
- the laser beam is incident on the adjacent cylinder surface. Accordingly, since the portion of the laser light that has entered the adjacent cylinder surface is emitted in an unintended direction, the utilization efficiency of the laser light after passing through the SAC is reduced.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems.
- a beam shaping device capable of facilitating handling and manufacturing, and preventing reduction in utilization efficiency of laser light, and The object is to obtain a laser oscillator.
- the beam shaping device collimates a plurality of laser beams emitted in the optical axis direction orthogonal to the first direction from the respective emission end faces of the plurality of light emitting units arranged in the first direction in the light emitting device.
- a beam shaping device that collimates laser light that diverges in a first direction, and diverges in a second direction that is a direction orthogonal to both the optical axis direction and the first direction.
- a second collimator lens that collimates the laser light to be emitted, and the first collimator lens is disposed between the light emitting device and the second collimator lens, and the first collimator lens is incident with the laser light.
- the shape of the projection surface is a shape that protrudes outward of the first collimator lens in a cross section orthogonal to the second direction, and is concave inward of the first collimator lens in a cross section orthogonal to the first direction.
- Each shape of the first incident surface and the first emission surface is a concentric arc shape centered on a point on the emission end surface of the light emitting section in the cross section orthogonal to the first direction. is there.
- the beam shaping device and the laser oscillator it is possible to easily handle and manufacture the first collimator lens and the second collimator lens.
- unnecessary aberrations can be prevented from occurring, and the laser light utilization efficiency can be prevented from being lowered.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an LD bar and a beam shaping device in an XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an LD bar and a beam shaping device in a YZ plane orthogonal to a slow axis direction X in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing one light emitting layer of FIG. 2 and a portion of the SAC facing the one light emitting layer in the optical axis direction Z.
- FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating one light emitting layer of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the relationship between the remaining divergence angle ⁇ and the fill factor F in the slow axis direction X between the first embodiment and the fourth embodiment. It is a figure which shows a state when the laser oscillator by Embodiment 5 of this invention is seen along the fast axis direction Y of a light emitting layer. It is a figure which shows a state when the laser oscillator by Embodiment 6 of this invention is seen along the fast-axis direction Y of a light emitting layer. It is sectional drawing which shows a state when the optical path changing element of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a state when the optical path conversion element of FIG. 15 is viewed along the optical axis direction Z. It is a figure which shows a state when the laser oscillator by Embodiment 7 of this invention is seen along the fast-axis direction Y of a light emitting layer.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a beam shaping device and an LD bar according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- an LD bar 1 as a light emitting device is a semiconductor laser in which a plurality of light emitting layers 2 each emitting laser light 3 are provided as light emitting portions.
- the LD bar 1 is manufactured by performing a semiconductor process represented by lithography on an InGaAs substrate or an AlGaAs substrate.
- illustration of a heat sink for cooling the LD bar 1 a submount interposed between the LD bar 1 and the heat sink, an electrode for energizing the LD bar 1, and a gold wire are omitted. .
- the light emitting layers 2 are arranged at intervals from each other in a first direction which is the X direction (one-dimensional direction) in FIG. In this example, about 10 to 50 light emitting layers 2 are arranged at an equal pitch P in the X direction of FIG. In FIG. 1, for the sake of simplicity, the number of the light emitting layers 2 is seven.
- the respective optical axes of the respective light emitting layers 2 are respectively orthogonal to the X direction of FIG. 1 and parallel to each other.
- the direction along the optical axis of each light emitting layer 2 coincides with the Z direction in FIG.
- the laser beam 3 is emitted from the emission end face 2a of the light emitting layer 2 in the direction along the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2, that is, the Z direction in FIG. 1 (hereinafter referred to as “optical axis direction Z”).
- the emission end faces 2a of the light emitting layers 2 are arranged on a straight line along the X direction in FIG.
- the width W of each light emitting layer 2 is larger than the thickness of the light emitting layer 2.
- the width W of each light emitting layer 2 is about 50 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, and the thickness of each light emitting layer 2 is about 1 ⁇ m.
- a value W / P obtained by dividing the width W of the light emitting layer 2 by the pitch P of the light emitting layer 2 is called a fill factor F.
- Each light emitting layer 2 has a second direction orthogonal to both the X direction and the optical axis direction Z in FIG. 1 by matching the width direction of the light emitting layer 2 with the X direction in FIG.
- the light emitting layer 2 is arranged in a state in which the thickness direction of the light emitting layer 2 is aligned with the Y direction which is the direction.
- the divergence angle of the laser light 3 in the width direction of the light emitting layer 2 is larger than the divergence angle of the laser light 3 in the thickness direction of the light emitting layer 2. It is getting smaller.
- the direction in which the divergence angle of the laser beam 3 is small is the slow axis direction
- the direction in which the divergence angle of the laser beam 3 is large is the fast axis direction.
- the divergence angle of the laser light 3 in the slow axis direction of the light emitting layer 2 is 7 deg to 11 deg
- the divergence angle of the laser light 3 in the fast axis direction of the light emitting layer 2 is 45 deg to 60 deg. Therefore, the slow axis direction of the light emitting layer 2 coincides with the X direction of FIG. 1, and the fast axis direction of the light emitting layer 2 coincides with the Y direction of FIG.
- the plurality of laser beams 3 emitted from the respective emission end faces 2 a of the respective light emitting layers 2 of the LD bar 1 are collimated, that is, collimated by the beam shaping device 5.
- the beam shaping device 5 includes a SAC 6 that is a first collimator lens that collimates a laser beam 3 that diverges in the X direction in FIG. 1, that is, the slow axis direction (hereinafter referred to as “slow axis direction X”), and the Y in FIG. FAC7, which is a second collimator lens that collimates laser light 3 that diverges in the direction, that is, the fast axis direction (hereinafter referred to as "fast axis direction Y").
- the SAC 6 is disposed between the LD bar 1 and the FAC 7 in the optical axis direction Z.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the LD bar 1 and the beam shaping device 5 in the XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the LD bar 1 and the beam shaping device 5 in the YZ plane orthogonal to the slow axis direction X of FIG.
- the SAC 6 is provided with a first incident surface 61 on which each laser beam 3 is incident and a first emission surface 62 from which each laser beam 3 incident on the SAC 6 is emitted.
- the SAC 6 is arranged with the first incident surface 61 facing the LD bar 1 side and the first emission surface 62 facing the opposite side of the LD bar 1 side, that is, the FAC7 side.
- the first incident surface 61 is a microlens array having a plurality of incident side lens surfaces 61a arranged in the slow axis direction X. Each incident side lens surface 61a is arranged in accordance with the position of each light emitting layer 2 in the slow axis direction X.
- Each of the incident side lens surfaces 61a has a shape that is convex outward of the SAC 6 as shown in FIG. 2 in a cross section on the XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y (hereinafter referred to as “XZ cross section”).
- XZ cross section a cross section on the XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y
- YZ cross section a cross section in the YZ plane orthogonal to the slow axis direction X
- the shape of the first emission surface 62 is a shape that is linear in the XZ section as shown in FIG. 2 and that protrudes outward of the SAC 6 in the YZ section as shown in FIG. It is. That is, the first exit surface 62 is a single lens surface that is convex outward of the SAC 6 and is a cylindrical lens surface having a generatrix along the slow axis direction X.
- the distance from the emission end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2 to the first incident surface 61 is equal to the focal length fs of each incident side lens surface 61a. That is, the emission end surface 2 a of each light emitting layer 2 is located at the focal position of each incident side lens surface 61 a, and the laser light 3 emitted from each emission end surface 2 a is incident on each incident side of the first incident surface 61.
- the lens surface 61a is collimated in the slow axis direction X.
- each laser beam 3 collimated on the first entrance surface 61 passes through without being refracted in the XZ section.
- the respective shapes of the first entrance surface 61 and the first exit surface 62 are concentric arcs centered on a point on the exit end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2 in the YZ cross section, as shown in FIG. ing.
- each laser beam 3 emitted from the emission end face 2a is transmitted through the SAC 6 without being refracted. Therefore, in the YZ section, even if each laser beam 3 passes through the SAC 6, no aberration of the laser beam 3 occurs.
- the radius of curvature Rc of the first incident surface 61 in the YZ section is equal to the focal length fs of each incident side lens surface 61a.
- each incident side lens surface 61a in the XZ cross section becomes larger as the focal length fs of each incident side lens surface 61a becomes longer. Accordingly, the manufacture of the SAC 6 becomes easier as the focal length fs of each incident side lens surface 61a becomes longer.
- the focal length fs is increased, the laser beams 3 from the two light emitting layers 2 adjacent to each other in the slow axis direction X are overlapped with each other, and the utilization efficiency of the laser beams 3 is reduced.
- the focal length fs is set so that the laser light 3 emitted from one light emitting layer 2 is incident only on the one incident side lens surface 61a opposed to the adjacent incident side lens surface 61a. Is decided. That is, the focal length fs of each incident-side lens surface 61a is determined from FIG. 2 by the divergence angle ⁇ of the laser light 3 in the slow axis direction X, the pitch P between the light emitting layers 2, and the width W of the light emitting layer 2. , The value satisfies the relationship of fs ⁇ (P ⁇ W) / 2 ⁇ .
- the upper limit of the focal length fs is approximately 850 ⁇ m.
- the curvature radius Rc of the first incident surface 61 in the YZ cross section shown in FIG. 3 is 850 ⁇ m. If the refractive index of the SAC 6 is 1.5, the radius of curvature Rv of each incident side lens surface 61a in the XZ cross section shown in FIG. 2 is 425 ⁇ m.
- the shape of the first emission surface 62 is an arc shape centered on a point on the emission end surface 2 a of the light emitting layer 2. Therefore, the laser beam 3 passing through the first emission surface 62 is not refracted in the YZ section.
- the thickness of the SAC 6 can be freely selected.
- the thickness of the SAC 6 can be several mm in order to facilitate the handling and manufacturing of the SAC 6.
- the radius of curvature Rb of the first exit surface 62 in the YZ section is 4.0 mm.
- FAC7 is a cylindrical lens having a generatrix along the slow axis direction X.
- the FAC 7 is provided with a second incident surface 71 on which each laser beam 3 transmitted through the SAC 6 is incident, and a second emitting surface 72 on which each laser beam 3 incident on the FAC 7 is emitted.
- the FAC 7 is arranged with the second incident surface 71 facing the SAC 6 and the second exit surface 72 facing the opposite side of the SAC 6.
- the second incident surface 71 is a plane orthogonal to the optical axis direction Z. Note that the shape of the second incident surface 71 may be a cylinder shape having a generatrix with a generatrix along the slow axis direction X and a very large radius of curvature.
- Each shape of the second incident surface 71 and the second emission surface 72 is a straight line orthogonal to the optical axis direction Z in the XZ cross section shown in FIG. Therefore, in the XZ section, each laser beam 3 that has passed through the SAC 6 passes through the FAC 7 without being refracted.
- the second incident surface 71 has a linear shape orthogonal to the optical axis direction Z or a substantially linear shape with a large radius of curvature. , Is a shape that protrudes to the outside of the FAC7.
- the shapes of the second incident surface 71 and the second emitting surface 72 in the YZ section are symmetric with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2.
- the shape of the second emission surface 72 is not a simple arc shape but a non-arc shape in the YZ section. .
- each laser beam 3 emitted from the emission end face 2a passes through the SAC 6 as if the SAC 6 does not exist, and is collimated by the FAC 7. Therefore, the design and arrangement of the FAC 7 can be performed with or without the SAC 6 in the YZ section. Thereby, the size of the FAC 7 can be selected to a size that is easy to handle and easy to manufacture within a range that does not interfere with the SAC 6.
- SAC6 and FAC7 are made of glass. Moreover, SAC6 and FAC7 are manufactured by press molding etc. with respect to glass. For example, depending on the output of the laser beam 3 of the LD bar 1 or the wavelength of the laser beam 3, the SAC 6 and the FAC 7 can be made of resin. Therefore, for example, resin lenses obtained by injection-molding polycarbonate may be used as SAC6 and FAC7.
- SAC6 and FAC7 are formed by transferring a mold to glass. Therefore, the shape of the die surface in the die is a shape obtained by inverting the shapes of SAC 6 and FAC 7.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a portion of the SAC mold used for press molding for the SAC 6 in FIG. 1 where a mold surface for molding the first incident surface 61 is formed.
- FIG. 4 shows a state where the mold surface of the SAC mold is being processed.
- the incident-side mold surface 81 for molding the first incident surface 61 has a shape obtained by inverting the shape of the first incident surface 61. Therefore, the incident-side mold surface 81 has a plurality of unit molding surfaces 81 a arranged in the slow axis direction X.
- the shape of each unit molding surface 81a is a shape that protrudes to the outside of the SAC mold 8 in the YZ section, and a shape that is recessed to the inside of the SAC mold 8 in the XZ section.
- each unit molding surface 81 a of the SAC mold 8 is performed by polishing the grindstone 9.
- the shape of the grindstone 9 is a disk shape.
- the grindstone 9 is rotatable about the axis A of the rotation axis of the grindstone 9.
- each unit molding surface 81a is arranged with the axis A of the grindstone 9 along the slow axis direction X, and the outer peripheral portion (that is, the edge portion) 91 of the grindstone 9 is brought into contact with the unit molding surface 81a. However, it is processed by rotating the grindstone 9 about the axis A.
- each unit molding surface 81a is processed by the grindstone 9
- the shape of each unit molding surface 81a in the YZ cross section orthogonal to the axis A of the grindstone 9 is a shape that protrudes to the outside of the SAC mold 8, There is no restriction on the size of the radius Rw of the grindstone 9.
- the shape of the emission side mold surface that molds the first emission surface 62 is a shape that is concave toward the inside of the SAC mold 8 in the YZ section.
- the exit side mold surface of the SAC mold 8 can also be processed by the grindstone 9 without problems. That is, since the first incident surface 61 of the first incident surface 61 and the first emitting surface 62 of the SAC 6 is a lens array, the manufacture of the SAC 6 is facilitated.
- the SAC 6 is arranged between the LD bar 1 and the FAC 7, and the first incident surface 61 of the SAC 6 includes a lens array in which a plurality of incident side lens surfaces 61 a are arranged in the slow axis direction X.
- the shapes of the first entrance surface 61 and the first exit surface 62 of the SAC 6 are concentric with respect to a point on the exit end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2 in the YZ cross section orthogonal to the slow axis direction X.
- each of the SAC 6 and the FAC 7 is prevented from overlapping each laser beam 3 emitted from the LD bar 1 even when the pitch P between the light emitting layers 2 of the LD bar 1 is narrowed. It is possible to prevent the curvature radius of the surface of the surface from becoming too short. Thereby, it is possible to easily handle and manufacture the SAC 6 and the FAC 7 while preventing the generation of unnecessary aberrations. Further, since the SAC 6 and the FAC 7 can be easily manufactured, even if the pitch P between the light emitting layers 2 of the LD bar 1 is narrowed, the use efficiency of the laser beam 3 is prevented from being lowered, and the LD bar 1 The output of the laser beam 3 can be further increased.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a beam shaping device and an LD bar according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the LD bar 1 is fixed to the upper surface of the heat sink 10.
- the heat sink 10 is a copper block, for example.
- the end face 10 a of the heat sink 10 is a plane orthogonal to the optical axis direction Z of each light emitting layer 2.
- a part of the LD bar 1 protrudes from the end face 10a of the heat sink 10 in the optical axis direction Z, and the emission end face 2a of each light emitting layer 2 is located closer to the SAC 6 than the end face 10a of the heat sink 10. Yes.
- the heat sink 10 is provided with a pipe (not shown) through which cooling water flows.
- the respective shapes of the first incident surface 61 and the first emission surface 62 of the SAC 6 are concentric arcs centered on a point on the emission end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2 in the YZ section. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately position the SAC 6 with respect to the emission end face 2a in the optical axis direction Z. Further, since the focal position of the FAC 7 needs to coincide with the emission end face 2a, the positioning of the FAC 7 with respect to the emission end face 2a needs to be accurately performed in the optical axis direction Z.
- a pair of pedestals 63 protrude from the both ends of the SAC 6 in the fast axis direction Y to the LD bar 1 side as mounting pedestals.
- An end face 63 a that is a plane orthogonal to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2 is provided at the projecting end of each pedestal 63.
- one end surface 63a of the pedestal 63 is fixed to the end surface 10a of the heat sink 10 by, for example, an adhesive. That is, the end surface 63a of one pedestal 63 is fixed to the end surface 10a of the heat sink 10, whereby the SAC 6 is positioned with respect to the emission end surface 2a of each light emitting layer 2.
- the end surface 10a of the heat sink 10 is a reference surface for positioning in the optical axis direction Z of the SAC 6 with respect to the emission end surface 2a.
- an adhesive for fixing the pedestal 63 to the end face 10a of the heat sink 10 for example, an acrylic ultraviolet curable resin adhesive or the like is used.
- the pair of pedestals 63 are integrated with the same material as the SAC 6 with no boundary between the pedestals 63 and the SAC 6 by press molding using a SAC mold.
- the amount of protrusion of the pedestal 63 from the SAC 6 depends on the SAC mold used in press molding. Since the dimensional accuracy of the mold is generally high accuracy, the error of the protrusion amount of the pedestal 63 from the SAC 6 can be extremely reduced, and the SAC 6 is positioned with respect to the emission end surface 2a with high accuracy in the optical axis direction Z. be able to.
- the position and shape of the pair of pedestals 63 in the YZ cross section are symmetric with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2.
- the pair of bases 63 are located on both sides of the first incident surface 61 in the fast axis direction Y.
- the pair of pedestals 63 is provided with a pair of pedestal taper surfaces 63b that face each other in the fast axis direction Y.
- the first incident surface 61 is exposed in a space between the pair of pedestal taper surfaces 63b.
- the distance between the pair of pedestal taper surfaces 63b in the fast axis direction Y continuously increases toward the LD bar 1.
- the gradient of each pedestal taper surface 63b with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2 is 2 ° to 8 °. Accordingly, when the SAC 6 is removed from the SAC mold during press molding, the first incident surface 61 of the SAC 6 is easily released from the SAC mold.
- a pair of pedestals 73 protrude toward the SAC 6 from both ends of the FAC 7 in the fast axis direction Y.
- the positions and shapes of the pair of pedestals 73 in the YZ section are symmetric with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2.
- the pair of pedestals 73 are located on both sides of the second incident surface 71 in the fast axis direction Y.
- a pair of recesses 64 into which a pair of pedestals 73 are individually fitted are provided at both ends of the SAC 6 in the fast axis direction Y.
- each recess 64 is provided with a recess receiving surface 64a that receives the end surface 73a of the base 73 in the optical axis direction Z.
- the recess receiving surface 64 a is a plane orthogonal to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2.
- each pedestal 73 is fixed to the recess receiving surface 64a of each recess 64 with, for example, an adhesive.
- the end surface 73a of each pedestal 73 is fixed to the recess receiving surface 64a of the SAC 6, whereby the FAC 7 is positioned with respect to the recess receiving surface 64a of the SAC 6 in the optical axis direction Z. Therefore, the concave receiving surface 64a of the SAC 6 is a reference surface for positioning in the optical axis direction Z of the FAC 7 with respect to the SAC 6.
- an adhesive for fixing the pedestal 73 to the recess receiving surface 64a of the recess 64 for example, an acrylic ultraviolet curable resin adhesive or the like is used.
- the pair of bases 73 are integrated with the same material as FAC7 in a state where no boundary is generated between each base 73 and FAC7 by press molding using a FAC mold.
- the amount of protrusion of the pedestal 73 from the FAC 7 depends on the FAC mold used in press molding. Since the dimensional accuracy of the mold is generally high accuracy, the error of the protrusion amount of the pedestal 73 from the FAC 7 can be extremely small, and the positioning of the FAC 7 with respect to the SAC 6 can be performed with high accuracy in the optical axis direction Z. it can.
- the pair of pedestals 73 is provided with a pair of pedestal taper surfaces 73b facing each other in the fast axis direction Y.
- the second incident surface 71 is exposed in a space between the pair of pedestal taper surfaces 73b.
- the distance between the pair of pedestal taper surfaces 73b in the fast axis direction Y continuously increases toward the SAC6.
- the slope of each pedestal taper surface 73b with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2 is 2 ° to 8 ° in the YZ section. Accordingly, when the FAC 7 is removed from the FAC mold during press molding, the second incident surface 71 of the FAC 7 is easily released from the FAC mold.
- Each recessed portion 64 is provided with a recessed tapered surface 64b along the pedestal tapered surface 73b of the pedestal 73.
- Each recessed tapered surface 64b is in contact with each pedestal tapered surface 73b without any gap.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the SAC 6 of FIG.
- the SAC 6 is provided with a pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65.
- the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 are located on both sides of the first incident surface 61 in the slow axis direction X and extend from the first incident surface 61.
- the positions and shapes of the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 in the XZ cross section are symmetric with respect to an axis parallel to the optical axis direction Z passing through the center of the first incident surface 61.
- each incident side tapered surface 65 is inclined with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2, and the distance between the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 is from the first incident surface 61 to the LD bar 1 side. It spreads continuously as it leaves.
- the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 are located between the pair of pedestals 63 in the fast axis direction Y. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the pair of pedestals 63 protrude from the SAC 6, and the end surface 63a of one pedestal 63 is fixed to the end surface 10a of the heat sink 10 to which the LD bar 1 is fixed.
- the positioning of the SAC 6 in the optical axis direction Z with respect to the single emission end face 2a can be easily and more accurately performed. As a result, it is possible to further increase the output of the laser beam 3 of the LD bar 1 while further reliably preventing a decrease in the utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3.
- the pair of pedestals 73 protrude from the FAC 7 and the pair of recesses 64 into which the pair of pedestals 73 are individually fitted are provided in the SAC 6, the fast axis direction Y and the optical axis direction Z of the FAC 7 with respect to the SAC 6 are provided.
- the positioning for each can be performed easily and more accurately. As a result, it is possible to further increase the output of the laser beam 3 of the LD bar 1 while further reliably preventing a decrease in the utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3.
- the pair of pedestals 73 protruding from the FAC 7 are provided with a pair of pedestal taper surfaces 73b facing each other in the fast axis direction Y, and the pair of recesses 64 provided in the SAC 6 are pedestal tapers of the respective pedestals 73. Since the concave tapered surface 64b is provided along the surface 73b, the pair of pedestals 73 protruding from the FAC 7 can be easily fitted into the pair of concave portions 64 of the SAC 6, and the positioning of the FAC 7 with respect to the SAC 6 is further facilitated. Can do.
- the position and shape of the pair of pedestals 63 in the YZ cross section are symmetric with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2, the accuracy of the shapes of the first incident surface 61 and the first emitting surface 62 can be improved. You can plan. Furthermore, since the position and shape of the pair of pedestals 73 in the YZ section are symmetric with respect to the optical axis of the light emitting layer 2, the accuracy of the shapes of the second incident surface 71 and the second emitting surface 72 can be improved. You can plan.
- the SAC 6 is provided with a pair of incident-side tapered surfaces 65, and the pair of incident-side tapered surfaces 65 are located on both sides of the first incident surface 61 in the slow axis direction X.
- a pair of incident sides is utilized by utilizing the difference between the linear expansion coefficient of the mold and the linear expansion coefficient of the glass raw material in the cooling process for the glass and mold that are the raw materials of SAC6.
- the pair of pedestals 63 and the SAC 6 are integrated with each other without a boundary between the pair of pedestals 63 and the SAC 6. can do.
- the number of parts and man-hours of the beam shaping device 5 can be reduced while reducing the use efficiency of the laser light 3 by positioning the SAC 6 by the pair of pedestals 63, and the cost can be reduced.
- the pair of pedestals 73 are integrated with the FAC 7 in a state where no boundary is formed between the pair of pedestals 73 and the FAC 7, the pair of pedestals 73 and the FAC 7 are simultaneously formed by press molding using a mold. Can be manufactured. Thereby, the positioning of the FAC 7 by the pair of pedestals 73 can suppress the decrease in the utilization efficiency of the laser light 3, while reducing the number of parts and the man-hours of the beam shaping device 5, thereby reducing the cost.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the beam shaping device and the LD bar according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention are cut along an XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y of the light emitting layer.
- 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the beam shaping device and the LD bar of FIG. 7 are cut along a YZ plane orthogonal to the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer.
- the beam shaping device 5 includes a first SAC / FAC 11 that is an integrated lens that integrates the function of collimating the laser beam 3 in the slow axis direction X and the function of collimating the laser beam 3 in the fast axis direction Y. As a collimator lens. Therefore, in the beam shaping device 5 according to the present embodiment, only the first collimator lens exists, and the second collimator lens does not exist.
- the SAC / FAC 11 is provided with a first incident surface 111 on which each laser beam 3 is incident and a first emission surface 112 on which each laser beam 3 incident on the SAC / FAC 11 is emitted.
- the SAC / FAC 11 is arranged with the first incident surface 111 facing the LD bar 1 side and the first emitting surface 112 facing the opposite side of the LD bar 1 side.
- the SAC / FAC11 is formed by press molding using a mold.
- the first incident surface 111 is a surface having the same function as that of the SAC 6 in the first embodiment.
- the configuration of the first incident surface 111 is the same as that of the first incident surface 61 of the SAC 6 in the first embodiment. That is, the first incident surface 111 is a microlens array having a plurality of incident-side lens surfaces 111 a arranged in the slow axis direction X. Each incident side lens surface 111a is arranged in accordance with the position of each light emitting layer 2 in the slow axis direction X.
- Each of the incident-side lens surfaces 111a has a shape that protrudes outward from the SAC / FAC11 as shown in FIG. 7 in the XZ section, and in the YZ section, as shown in FIG. 8, the SAC / FAC11. It is the shape which becomes concave inside. Accordingly, the first incident surface 111 is a surface having a function of collimating each laser beam 3 in the slow axis direction X.
- the distance from the emission end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2 to the first incident surface 111 is equal to the focal length fs of each incident side lens surface 111a. That is, the emission end surface 2 a of each light emitting layer 2 is located at the focal position of each incident side lens surface 111 a, and the laser light 3 emitted from each emission end surface 2 a is incident on each incident side of the first incident surface 111.
- the lens surface 111a is collimated in the slow axis direction X.
- the shape of the first incident surface 111 has an arc shape centered on a point on the emission end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2, as shown in FIG. Thereby, in the YZ section, each laser beam 3 emitted from the emission end face 2a is transmitted through the first incident surface 111 without being refracted. That is, in the YZ section, even if each laser beam 3 passes through the first incident surface 111, the aberration of the laser beam 3 does not occur. Further, the curvature radius Rc of the first incident surface 111 in the YZ section is equal to the focal length fs of each incident side lens surface 111a.
- the first emission surface 112 is a surface having the same function as the function of the FAC 7 in the first embodiment.
- the shape of the first exit surface 112 is a shape that is linear as shown in FIG. 7 in the XZ section and is convex outward of the SAC / FAC 11 in the YZ section as shown in FIG. That is, the first exit surface 112 is a lens surface that is convex toward the outside of the SAC / FAC 11 and is a cylindrical lens surface having a generatrix along the slow axis direction X.
- each laser beam 3 incident on the SAC / FAC 11 from the first incident surface 111 is emitted from the SAC / FAC 11 without being refracted by the first emission surface 112 in the XZ section, and is first in the YZ section.
- the light is collimated at 112 and emitted from the SAC / FAC 11. That is, each laser beam 3 incident on the SAC / FAC 11 from the first incident surface 111 is collimated in the fast axis direction Y on the first emission surface 112 when passing through the first emission surface 112.
- the shape of the first emission surface 112 is not a simple arc shape in the YZ section. It has a non-arc shape.
- the shape of the first emission surface 112 in the YZ cross section is desirably an elliptical shape having a long axis coinciding with the optical axis direction Z. If the shape of the first emission surface 112 in the YZ cross section is an elliptical shape having a long axis coinciding with the optical axis direction Z, the laser beam 3 can be collimated on the first emission surface 112 with higher accuracy.
- the refractive index of the SAC / FAC 11 increases, the curvature of the first emission surface 112 becomes gentle, and the emission angle of the laser light 3 from the first emission surface 112 (that is, the first emission surface). The angle formed between the laser light 3 collimated at 112 and the surface normal of the first emission surface 112 is reduced. When the emission angle of the laser beam 3 from the first emission surface 112 is reduced, the loss of the laser beam 3 on the first emission surface 112 is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the refractive index of the SAC / FAC11 is higher. In this example, the refractive index of SAC / FAC11 is 1.7 or more. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the shape of the first incident surface 111 of the SAC / FAC 11 is an arc shape centered on a point on the emission end surface 2 a of the light emitting layer 2 in the YZ section, and the SAC / FAC 11.
- the first exit surface 112 has a non-arc shape in the YZ section, and the first entrance surface 111 of the SAC / FAC 11 includes a lens array in which a plurality of entrance-side lens surfaces 111a are arranged in the slow axis direction X.
- the laser beam 3 in the slow axis direction X is collimated by the first incident surface 111, and the fast axis direction Y is collimated.
- the laser beam 3 can be collimated at the first emission surface 112.
- the laser light 3 can be collimated by one SAC / FAC11 in both the slow axis direction X and the fast axis direction Y, and the number of parts can be reduced.
- the laser light 3 is collimated by one SAC / FAC11, the positioning operation and the fixing operation between the SAC6 and the FAC7 as in the first and second embodiments are not necessary, and the number of man-hours can be reduced. Cost can be reduced.
- the first incident surface 61, the first exit surface 62, the second entrance surface 71, and the second exit surface 72 are arranged.
- the laser beam 3 is transmitted through the four surfaces, in the present embodiment, the laser beam 3 is transmitted through only two surfaces of the first incident surface 111 and the first emission surface 112 of the SAC / FAC 11. Therefore, the number of surfaces through which the laser beam 3 is transmitted can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3 can be further increased as compared with the first and second embodiments.
- the refractive index of the SAC / FAC11 is 1.7 or more, the curvature of the first exit surface 112 of the SAC / FAC11 can be made gentle, and the loss of the laser light 3 on the first exit surface 112 is lost. Can be reduced.
- the SAC / FAC11 is formed by press molding using a mold, an error in the position of the first emission surface 112 with respect to the first incident surface 111 can be extremely reduced, and the SAC / FAC11 The accuracy of beam shaping can be increased.
- the pair of pedestals 63 shown in the second embodiment is not provided in the SAC / FAC 11.
- the pair of pedestals 63 is provided from both ends in the fast axis direction Y of the SAC / FAC 11 to the LD bar 1 side. You may make it protrude.
- the pair of pedestals 63 is integrated with the SAC / FAC11 in a state where no boundary is generated between the pair of pedestals 63 and the SAC / FAC11. In this way, the manufacturing and handling of the SAC / FAC 11 can be facilitated as in the second embodiment, and the end surface 63a of one pedestal 63 is attached to the end surface 10a of the heat sink 10 to which the LD bar 1 is fixed. By fixing, the positioning of the SAC / FAC 11 with respect to the LD bar 1 can be easily and more accurately performed.
- a pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 inclined with respect to the optical axis direction Z may be provided in the SAC / FAC 11 as in the second embodiment.
- the pair of incident-side tapered surfaces 65 are formed on both sides of the first incident surface 111 in the slow axis direction X.
- the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 is formed so that the distance between the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 continuously increases as the distance from the first incident surface 111 toward the LD bar 1 increases.
- SAC / FAC11 is formed.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the beam shaping device and the LD bar according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention are cut along an XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y of the light emitting layer.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the beam shaping device and the LD bar of FIG. 9 are cut along a YZ plane orthogonal to the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer.
- the first exit surface 62 is a microlens array having a plurality of exit side lens surfaces 62 a arranged in the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer 2. Each exit-side lens surface 62a is arranged in accordance with the position of each entrance-side lens surface 61a of the first entrance surface 61 in the slow axis direction X.
- each exit-side lens surface 62a is convex to the outside of the SAC 6 in the XZ section, and is convex to the outside of the SAC 6 in the YZ section as shown in FIG. Shape. Further, the radius of curvature of each exit-side lens surface 62a in the XZ section is different from the radius of curvature of each incident-side lens surface 61a in the XZ section. Furthermore, the respective shapes of the first incident surface 61 and the first emission surface 62 are concentric with respect to the YZ cross section centering on a point on the emission end surface 2a of the light emitting layer 2 as in the first and second embodiments. It has an arc shape.
- the first incident surface 61 of the SAC 6 is the same surface as the first incident surface 61 of the first embodiment, and the focal length fs of the incident side lens surface 61a is the same as that of the first embodiment. is there.
- the focal length of the exit side lens surface 62a is fs ⁇ P / W
- the entrance side lens surface 61a
- the exit-side lens surface 62a is n ⁇ fs ⁇ (1 + P / W).
- n is the refractive index of SAC6.
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the fill factor F W / P
- the residual divergence angle of the laser light 3 transmitted through the SAC 6 increases in the slow axis direction X.
- the fill factor F exceeds 50%
- the remaining divergence angle of the laser light 3 transmitted through the SAC 6 becomes larger than the divergence angle of the laser light 3 when emitted from the emission end face 2 a of the light emitting layer 2.
- the first emission surface 62 is a lens array having a plurality of emission side lens surfaces 62a arranged in the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer 2. As a result, the remaining divergence angle of the laser beam 3 transmitted through the SAC 6 is reduced.
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing one light emitting layer 2 of FIG. 2 and a portion of the SAC 6 facing the one light emitting layer 2 in the optical axis direction Z.
- FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing one light emitting layer 2 of FIG. 9 and a portion of the SAC 6 that faces the one light emitting layer 2 in the optical axis direction Z.
- FIG. 11 shows the remaining divergence angle ⁇ in the slow axis direction X of the laser light 3 transmitted through the SAC 6 of the beam shaping device 5 shown in the first embodiment
- FIG. 12 shows the present embodiment. The remaining divergence angle ⁇ with respect to the slow axis direction X of the laser light 3 transmitted through the SAC 6 of the beam shaping device 5 shown is shown.
- the laser light 3a (broken line) emitted from the central point of the emission end face 2a of the light emitting layer 2 with a divergence angle ⁇ is collimated by the incident side lens face 61a of the SAC 6. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the laser light 3b (solid line) emitted in parallel from the points at both ends of the width W of the light emitting layer 2 generates the residual divergence angle ⁇ in the XZ section. In the first embodiment, the laser light 3b emitted in parallel from both ends of the width W of the light emitting layer 2 is focused on the incident-side lens surface 61a as shown in FIG. 11 where the refractive index of the SAC 6 is n.
- the laser light 3b solid line
- the laser light 3a (broken line) emitted from the central point on the emission end face 2a of the light emitting layer 2 with a divergence angle ⁇ generates a residual divergence angle ⁇ in the XZ section.
- FIG. 13 is a graph comparing the relationship between the remaining divergence angle ⁇ and the fill factor F in the slow axis direction X between the first embodiment and the present embodiment.
- the residual divergence angle ⁇ on the vertical axis is shown as a multiple of the divergence angle ⁇ at the emission end face 2 a of the light emitting layer 2.
- the relationship between the remaining divergence angle ⁇ and the fill factor F of the present embodiment is indicated by a solid line
- the relationship between the remaining divergence angle ⁇ and the fill factor F of Embodiment 1 is indicated by a broken line.
- FIG. 13 shows that the remaining divergence angle ⁇ of the present embodiment is smaller than the remaining divergence angle ⁇ of the first embodiment. It can also be seen that the increase in the remaining divergence angle ⁇ is suppressed more in the present embodiment than in the first embodiment even if the value of the fill factor F is increased.
- the first exit surface 62 of the SAC 6 has a plurality of exit side lens surfaces 62a arranged in the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer 2, and the shape of each exit side lens surface 62a. Is a shape that protrudes outward of the SAC 6 in the XZ section and also protrudes outward of the SAC 6 in the YZ section, so that the residual divergence angle ⁇ of the laser light 3 is made smaller than that in the first embodiment. be able to. Thereby, the loss of the laser beam 3 after passing through the SAC 6 can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3 can be further increased.
- each exit side lens surface 62a is fs ⁇ P / W, but the focal length of each exit side lens surface 62a is not limited to this, and each exit side lens surface 62a. Is a shape that protrudes outward from the SAC 6 in the XZ section, the remaining divergence angle ⁇ can be made smaller than that of the first embodiment.
- the pair of pedestals 63 shown in the second embodiment is not provided in the SAC 6. However, even if the pair of pedestals 63 protrude from the both ends of the fast axis direction Y of the SAC 6 to the LD bar 1 side. Good. In this case, the pair of bases 63 are integrated with the SAC 6 in a state where no boundary is generated between the pair of bases 63 and the SAC 6. In this way, the manufacturing and handling of the SAC 6 can be facilitated, and the positioning of the SAC 6 with respect to the LD bar 1 can be easily and more accurately performed.
- the pair of pedestals 73 protrude from the both ends of the FAC 7 in the fast axis direction Y to the SAC 6 side, and the pair of recesses 64 into which the pair of pedestals 73 are fitted is provided in the SAC 6. May be.
- the pair of pedestals 73 is integrated with the FAC 7 in a state where no boundary is generated between the pair of pedestals 73 and the FAC 7. In this way, the manufacture and handling of the FAC7 can be facilitated, and the positioning of the FAC7 with respect to the SAC6 can be easily and more accurately performed.
- a pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 inclined with respect to the optical axis direction Z may be provided in the SAC 6 as in the second embodiment.
- the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 are formed on both sides of the first incident surface 61 in the slow axis direction X.
- the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 is formed so that the distance between the pair of incident side tapered surfaces 65 continuously increases as the distance from the first incident surface 61 toward the LD bar 1 is increased. SAC6 is formed.
- FIG. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a state when the laser oscillator according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is viewed along the fast axis direction Y of the light emitting layer.
- the laser oscillator 200 is a wavelength-coupled laser oscillator in which an external resonator structure is provided for the beam supply device 201 that supplies a plurality of collimated laser beams 3. That is, the laser oscillator 200 includes a beam supply device 201, a condensing element 202, a wavelength coupling element 203, and a partial reflection mirror 204.
- the condensing element 202 is disposed between the beam supply device 201 and the partial reflection mirror 204 in the traveling direction of each laser beam 3.
- the wavelength coupling element 203 is disposed between the condensing element 202 and the partial reflection mirror 204 in the traveling direction of each laser beam 3.
- the beam supply device 201 includes an LD bar 1 and a beam shaping device 5.
- the configurations and arrangements of the LD bar 1 and the beam shaping device 5 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the end surface opposite to the emission end surface 2 a of the light emitting layer 2 is a reflection end surface 2 b that reflects the laser light 3.
- Each laser beam 3 emitted from the emission end face 2 a of the LD bar 1 is collimated by the beam shaping device 5 and then proceeds to the condensing element 202.
- the condensing element 202 collimates, that is, collimates each laser beam 3 spread by diffraction from the beam supply device 201 and collects the chief rays of each laser beam 3 at one point on the wavelength coupling element 203.
- a lens having at least a convex power in the slow axis direction X is used as the condensing element 202.
- the wavelength coupling element 203 is a diffraction grating, for example.
- the wavelength coupling element 203 diffracts each laser beam 3 in which the chief rays are collected at one point by the condensing element 202, for example, in the first-order diffraction direction.
- the partial reflection mirror 204 reflects a part of each laser beam 3 diffracted by the wavelength coupling element 203 in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the laser beam 3 and transmits the rest of each laser beam 3.
- the laser beam 3 reflected by the partial reflection mirror 204 passes through the traveling optical path in the reverse direction, and passes through the wavelength coupling element 203, the condensing element 202, and the beam shaping device 5 in this order, and emits each laser beam 3. Return to the respective light emitting layers 2.
- the laser light 3 that has returned to each light emitting layer 2 passes through the light emitting layer 2 and is reflected by the reflection end face 2b, and again from the emission end face 2a of the light emitting layer 2, the beam shaping device 5, the condensing element 202, and the wavelength coupling element. It passes in order of 203 and reaches the partially reflecting mirror 204.
- the laser oscillator 200 is a resonator that resonates the laser light 3 between the reflection end face 2 b of the light emitting layer 2 and the partial reflection mirror 204 using the light emitting layer 2 as an oscillation source that is a gain medium.
- the incident angle of the laser light 3 emitted from each light emitting layer 2 with respect to the wavelength coupling element 203 is determined based on the positions of the LD bar 1, the condensing element 202, and the wavelength coupling element 203.
- the laser beam 3 diffracted by the wavelength coupling element 203 that is, the emission angle of the laser beam 3 emitted from the wavelength coupling element 203 is such that the laser beam 3 is perpendicularly incident and vertically reflected on the partial reflection mirror 204. It is determined.
- the laser oscillator 200 automatically selects a wavelength that can be oscillated, and the laser light 3 having the selected wavelength is oscillated from the laser oscillator 200.
- Each laser beam 3 emitted from each light emitting layer 2 has a slightly different wavelength, and the wavelength of each laser beam 3 changes stepwise along the slow axis direction X.
- the state of the laser beam 3 passing between the wavelength coupling element 203 and the partial reflection mirror 204 is a state in which laser beams having a plurality of wavelengths are superimposed as one laser beam. Thereby, the laser beam transmitted through the partial reflection mirror 204 and emitted from the laser oscillator 200 becomes one multi-wavelength laser beam.
- the beam shaping device 5 In such a laser oscillator 200, the beam shaping device 5 according to the first embodiment is used. Therefore, the laser oscillator 200 can be easily handled and manufactured, and the cost of the laser oscillator 200 can be reduced. Therefore, the utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3 in the laser oscillator 200 can be increased. Further, since the FAC 7 can select an arbitrary focal length, the adjustment sensitivity of the laser oscillator 200 can be relaxed by increasing the focal length of the FAC 7. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a stable laser oscillator 200 that is strong against disturbances such as temperature changes.
- FIG. FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a state when the laser oscillator according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is viewed along the fast axis direction Y of the light emitting layer.
- the beam supply device 201 includes an LD bar 1, a beam shaping device 5, and an optical path conversion element 205.
- the configurations and arrangements of the LD bar 1 and the beam shaping device 5 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the optical path conversion element 205 is disposed between the beam shaping device 5 and the condensing element 202 in the traveling direction of each laser beam 3.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a state when the optical path conversion element 205 in FIG. 15 is cut along an XZ plane orthogonal to the fast axis direction Y.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a state when the optical path conversion element 205 in FIG. 15 is viewed along the optical axis direction Z.
- the optical path conversion element 205 is provided with an element incident surface 215 on which each laser beam 3 is incident, and an element emission surface 225 from which each laser beam 3 incident on the optical path conversion element 205 is emitted.
- the optical path conversion element 205 is arranged with the element incident surface 215 facing the beam shaping device 5 side and the element emission surface 225 facing the side opposite to the beam shaping device 5 side, that is, the wavelength coupling element 203 side. .
- the element incident surface 215 is a microlens array having a plurality of incident side lens surfaces 215 a arranged in the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer 2.
- the element exit surface 225 is a microlens array having a plurality of exit side lens surfaces 225 a arranged in the slow axis direction X of the light emitting layer 2.
- Each incident-side lens surface 215a and each emission-side lens surface 225a are arranged in alignment with each other in the slow axis direction X.
- the shapes of the incident side lens surfaces 215a and the output side lens surfaces 225a are the same.
- each shape of each incident side lens surface 215a and each output side lens surface 225a is a cylinder shape having a generatrix along the direction of 45 deg in the XY plane.
- each shape of each incident side lens surface 215a and each output side lens surface 225a in a cross section perpendicular to the generatrix is an arc shape or a non-arc shape that is convex outward of the optical path conversion element 205.
- the optical path conversion element 205 emits the light beam from the element output surface 225 by switching the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction of the light beam incident from the element incident surface 215.
- the optical path conversion element 205 rotates the laser beam 3 by 90 degrees around the optical axis direction Z, and switches the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction of the laser beam 3.
- the slow axis direction of the laser beam 3 coincides with the X direction before entering the optical path conversion element 205, but coincides with the Y direction after exiting from the optical path conversion element 205.
- the fast axis direction of the laser beam 3 coincides with the Y direction before entering the optical path conversion element 205, but coincides with the X direction after exiting from the optical path conversion element 205.
- Each laser beam 3 from the beam shaping device 5 reaches the condensing element 202 after switching the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction by the optical path conversion element 205.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.
- the beam supply device 201 includes the optical path conversion element 205 disposed between the beam shaping device 5 and the condensing element 202, so that each laser beam from the beam shaping device 5 is obtained.
- the laser axis 3 can be made incident on the condensing element 202 by switching the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction of the laser beam 3, and the laser oscillator 200 can be downsized. Further, since the laser light 3 collimated by the beam shaping device 5 in each of the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction is incident on the optical path conversion element 205, the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction of each laser light 3 are accurately switched.
- the laser beam 3 with good quality can be emitted from the laser oscillator 200. Further, since the laser light 3 collimated by the beam shaping device 5 in each of the slow axis direction and the fast axis direction is incident on the optical path conversion element 205, the laser light 3 when the laser light 3 passes through the optical path conversion element 205. It is also possible to suppress the occurrence of vignetting. For this reason, the laser oscillator 200 with high utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3 can be obtained.
- FIG. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a state when the laser oscillator according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is viewed along the fast axis direction Y of the light emitting layer.
- an optical system element is not disposed between the light condensing element 202 and the wavelength coupling element 203, but a ⁇ / 2 plate (HWP: Half) is disposed between the light condensing element 202 and the wavelength coupling element 203.
- -Wave Plate may be arranged.
- the ⁇ / 2 plate 206 rotates the polarization direction of each laser beam 3 by 90 degrees around the optical axis direction Z.
- each laser beam 3 emitted from the condensing element 202 is incident on the wavelength coupling element 203 after the polarization direction is rotated by 90 deg around the optical axis direction Z by the ⁇ / 2 plate 206.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment. Thereby, the diffraction efficiency of each laser beam 3 in the wavelength coupling element 203 can be easily increased, and the utilization efficiency of the laser beam 3 in the laser oscillator 200 can be further increased.
- the beam shaping device 5 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is included in the beam supply device 201. However, the same configuration as that of any of the second to fourth embodiments is used.
- the beam shaping device 5 may be included in the beam supply device 201.
- the number of beam supply apparatuses 201 is only one, but the number of beam supply apparatuses 201 may be plural.
- each of the plurality of beam supply devices 201 is arranged at a position where the chief rays of the respective laser beams 3 gather at one point on the wavelength coupling element 203. In this way, since the laser beams 3 from the plurality of LD bars 1 can be superimposed on one laser beam, a laser oscillator 200 with higher output can be obtained.
- 1 LD bar 2 light emitting layer (light emitting part), 2a emission end face, 3 laser light, 5 beam shaping device, 6 SAC (first collimator lens), 7 FAC (second collimator lens), 11 SAC / FAC ( (First collimator lens), 61, first incident surface, 61a, incident side lens surface, 62, first exit surface, 62a, exit side lens surface, 63 pedestal (mounting base), 64 recess, 64b recess taper surface, 65 Incident side tapered surface, 73 pedestal, 73b pedestal tapered surface, 111 first incident surface, 111a incident side lens surface, 112 first emission surface, 200 laser oscillator, 201 beam supply device, 202 condensing element, 203 wavelength coupling Element, 204 partial reflection mirror, 205 optical path conversion element, 206 ⁇ / 2 plate.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1によるビーム整形装置及びLDバーを示す斜視図である。図において、発光装置であるLDバー1は、レーザ光3をそれぞれ出射する複数の発光層2が発光部として設けられている半導体レーザである。LDバー1は、リソグラフィに代表される半導体プロセスをInGaAs基板又はAlGaAs基板に対して実施することにより製造される。なお、図1では、LDバー1を冷却するためのヒートシンク、LDバー1とヒートシンクとの間に介在するサブマウント、LDバー1への通電のための電極及び金ワイヤの図示を省略している。
図5は、この発明の実施の形態2によるビーム整形装置及びLDバーを示す断面図である。LDバー1は、ヒートシンク10の上面に固定されている。ヒートシンク10は、例えば銅製のブロックである。ヒートシンク10の端面10aは、各発光層2の光軸方向Zに直交する平面になっている。この例では、LDバー1の一部が光軸方向Zについてヒートシンク10の端面10aから突出しており、ヒートシンク10の端面10aよりも各発光層2の出射端面2aがSAC6に近い位置に位置している。ヒートシンク10には、冷却水が流れる図示しない配管が設けられている。
図7は、この発明の実施の形態3によるビーム整形装置及びLDバーを、発光層の速軸方向Yに直交するXZ平面で切断したときの状態を示す断面図である。また、図8は、図7のビーム整形装置及びLDバーを、発光層の遅軸方向Xに直交するYZ平面で切断したときの状態を示す断面図である。ビーム整形装置5は、遅軸方向Xについてのレーザ光3をコリメートする機能と、速軸方向Yについてのレーザ光3をコリメートする機能とを統合した一体型のレンズであるSAC/FAC11を第1のコリメータレンズとして有している。従って、本実施の形態によるビーム整形装置5では、第1のコリメータレンズが存在するだけであり、第2のコリメータレンズは存在しない。
図9は、この発明の実施の形態4によるビーム整形装置及びLDバーを、発光層の速軸方向Yに直交するXZ平面で切断したときの状態を示す断面図である。また、図10は、図9のビーム整形装置及びLDバーを、発光層の遅軸方向Xに直交するYZ平面で切断したときの状態を示す断面図である。第1の出射面62は、発光層2の遅軸方向Xへ並ぶ複数の出射側レンズ面62aを有するマイクロレンズアレイになっている。各出射側レンズ面62aは、遅軸方向Xについて第1の入射面61の各入射側レンズ面61aの位置に合わせて配置されている。
図14は、この発明の実施の形態5によるレーザ発振器を発光層の速軸方向Yに沿って見たときの状態を示す図である。レーザ発振器200は、コリメートされた複数のレーザ光3を供給するビーム供給装置201に対して外部共振器構造を設けた波長結合型のレーザ発振器になっている。即ち、レーザ発振器200は、ビーム供給装置201と、集光素子202と、波長結合素子203と、部分反射鏡204とを有している。集光素子202は、各レーザ光3の進行方向についてビーム供給装置201と部分反射鏡204との間に配置されている。波長結合素子203は、各レーザ光3の進行方向について集光素子202と部分反射鏡204との間に配置されている。
図15は、この発明の実施の形態6によるレーザ発振器を発光層の速軸方向Yに沿って見たときの状態を示す図である。ビーム供給装置201は、LDバー1と、ビーム整形装置5と、光路変換素子205とを有している。LDバー1及びビーム整形装置5のそれぞれの構成及び配置は、実施の形態1と同様である。光路変換素子205は、各レーザ光3の進行方向についてビーム整形装置5と集光素子202との間に配置されている。
図18は、この発明の実施の形態7によるレーザ発振器を発光層の速軸方向Yに沿って見たときの状態を示す図である。実施の形態6では、集光素子202と波長結合素子203との間に光学系要素が配置されていないが、集光素子202と波長結合素子203との間にλ/2板(HWP:Half-Wave Plate)206を配置してもよい。λ/2板206は、各レーザ光3の偏光方向を光軸方向Zの回りに90degだけ回転させる。即ち、集光素子202から出射された各レーザ光3は、λ/2板206で偏光方向を光軸方向Zの回りに90degだけ回転した後、波長結合素子203に入射する。他の構成は実施の形態6と同様である。これにより、波長結合素子203における各レーザ光3の回折効率を高めやすくすることができ、レーザ発振器200でのレーザ光3の利用効率をさらに高めることができる。
Claims (11)
- 発光装置において第1の方向へ並んでいる複数の発光部のそれぞれの出射端面から、前記第1の方向に直交する光軸方向へ出射される複数のレーザ光をコリメートするビーム整形装置であって、
前記第1の方向に発散する前記レーザ光をコリメートする第1のコリメータレンズ、及び
前記光軸方向及び前記第1の方向のいずれにも直交する方向である第2の方向に発散する前記レーザ光をコリメートする第2のコリメータレンズ
を備え、
前記第1のコリメータレンズは、前記発光装置と前記第2のコリメータレンズとの間に配置され、
前記第1のコリメータレンズには、前記レーザ光が入射する第1の入射面と、前記レーザ光が出射する第1の出射面とが設けられており、
前記第1の入射面は、前記第1の方向へ並んでいる複数の入射側レンズ面を有し、
各前記入射側レンズ面の形状は、前記第2の方向に直交する断面において前記第1のコリメータレンズの外側へ凸になる形状であって、かつ前記第1の方向に直交する断面において前記第1のコリメータレンズの内側へ凹になる形状であり、
前記第1の入射面及び前記第1の出射面のそれぞれの形状は、前記第1の方向に直交する断面において、前記発光部の出射端面上の点を中心とする同心の円弧状であるビーム整形装置。 - 前記第2の方向についての前記第2のコリメータレンズの両端部からは、一対の台座が前記第1のコリメータレンズ側へ突出しており、
前記第1のコリメータレンズには、前記一対の台座が嵌っている一対の凹部が設けられており、
前記一対の台座には、前記第2の方向について互いに対向する一対の台座テーパ面が設けられており、
前記一対の台座テーパ面の間の距離は、前記第1のコリメータレンズに向かって広がっており、
前記一対の凹部には、前記台座テーパ面に沿った凹部テーパ面が設けられている請求項1に記載のビーム整形装置。 - 前記第1の出射面は、前記第1の方向へ並んでいる複数の出射側レンズ面を有し、
各前記出射側レンズ面の形状は、前記第2の方向に直交する断面において前記第1のコリメータレンズの外側へ凸になる形状であって、かつ前記第1の方向に直交する断面において前記第1のコリメータレンズの外側へ凸になる形状である請求項1又は請求項2に記載のビーム整形装置。 - 発光装置において第1の方向へ並んでいる複数の発光部のそれぞれの出射端面から、前記第1の方向に直交する光軸方向へ出射される複数のレーザ光をコリメートするビーム整形装置であって、
前記第1の方向に発散するレーザ光と、前記光軸方向及び前記第1の方向のいずれにも直交する方向である第2の方向に発散する前記レーザ光とをコリメートする第1のコリメータレンズ
を備え、
前記第1のコリメータレンズには、前記レーザ光が入射する第1の入射面と、前記レーザ光が出射する第1の出射面とが設けられており、
前記第1の入射面は、前記第1の方向へ並んでいる複数の入射側レンズ面を有し、
各前記入射側レンズ面の形状は、前記第2の方向に直交する断面において前記第1のコリメータレンズの外側へ凸になる形状であって、かつ前記第1の方向に直交する断面において前記第1のコリメータレンズの内側へ凹になる形状であり、
前記第1の出射面の形状は、前記第1の方向に直交する断面において、前記第1のコリメータレンズの外側へ凸になる形状で非円弧状であるビーム整形装置。 - 前記第1のコリメータレンズの屈折率は、1.7以上である請求項4に記載のビーム整形装置。
- 前記第1のコリメータレンズには、一対の入射側テーパ面が設けられており、
前記一対の入射側テーパ面は、前記第1の方向について前記第1の入射面の両側に位置しており、
前記第1のコリメータレンズの前記第2の方向に直交する断面では、前記一対の入射側テーパ面が前記光軸方向に対して傾斜しており、かつ前記一対の入射側テーパ面の間の距離が、前記第1の入射面から前記発光装置側へ離れるにつれて連続的に広がっている請求項1~請求項5のいずれか一項に記載のビーム整形装置。 - 前記第1のコリメータレンズからは、取付用台座が前記発光装置側へ突出している請求項1~請求項6のいずれか一項に記載のビーム整形装置。
- 前記発光装置と、請求項1~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載のビーム整形装置とを有するビーム供給装置、
前記ビーム供給装置から出射される前記複数のレーザ光を集める集光素子、
前記集光素子で集光された前記複数のレーザ光を回折する波長結合素子、及び
前記波長結合素子で回折された前記複数のレーザ光の一部を前記レーザ光の進行方向と逆方向へ反射する部分反射鏡
を備えているレーザ発振器。 - 前記ビーム供給装置は、前記ビーム整形装置と前記集光素子との間に配置され前記レーザ光の前記第1の方向と前記第2の方向とを入れ替える光路変換素子を有している請求項8に記載のレーザ発振器。
- 前記集光素子と前記波長結合素子との間に配置されているλ/2板
を備えている請求項8又は請求項9に記載のレーザ発振器。 - 複数の前記ビーム供給装置
を備えている請求項8~請求項10のいずれか一項に記載のレーザ発振器。
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