WO2017056639A1 - Cuvette de toilettes à chasse d'eau et procédé pour fabriquer un corps vert pour cuvette de toilettes - Google Patents

Cuvette de toilettes à chasse d'eau et procédé pour fabriquer un corps vert pour cuvette de toilettes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017056639A1
WO2017056639A1 PCT/JP2016/070689 JP2016070689W WO2017056639A1 WO 2017056639 A1 WO2017056639 A1 WO 2017056639A1 JP 2016070689 W JP2016070689 W JP 2016070689W WO 2017056639 A1 WO2017056639 A1 WO 2017056639A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
passage
rim
drainage
toilet bowl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/070689
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
智樹 金嶽
幸満 稲毛
康宏 近藤
Original Assignee
株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ filed Critical 株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ
Priority to CN201680056007.2A priority Critical patent/CN108026720B/zh
Priority to DE112016004376.7T priority patent/DE112016004376T5/de
Publication of WO2017056639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017056639A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/28—Cores; Mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B28B1/261—Moulds therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
    • E03D11/08—Bowls with means producing a flushing water swirl

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flush toilet and a method for producing a toilet bowl body.
  • streaky water water remaining in the rim water passage after toilet flushing may become streaky water (hereinafter referred to as streaky water) and flow down along the inner surface of the toilet bowl.
  • streaky water This streak-like water flows while irregularly changing the path passing through the inner surface of the toilet bowl, and may flow over a long period of time, causing deterioration in appearance.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a toilet provided with a water channel that connects a water supply tube (water supply ⁇ tube) that supplies cleaning water to the rim waterway and a trap portion (stench trap). ing.
  • a water supply tube water supply ⁇ tube
  • stench trap stench trap
  • the present inventor has recognized the following problems.
  • the water channel for discharging the water in a rim water channel is arrange
  • This invention is made in view of such a subject, and the objective is to provide the flush toilet which can ensure the waste discharge performance easily, preventing the fall of the appearance resulting from toilet bowl washing
  • a flush toilet includes a toilet bowl portion having a rim portion formed at the upper end, a rim water passage formed on the outer peripheral side of the rim portion, and a rim for discharging water from the rim water passage into the toilet bowl portion.
  • a trap part connected to the bottom of the toilet bowl, the trap part having an upward passage part extending upward from a bottom part of the toilet bowl part toward the back side of the trap part;
  • a drainage passage for discharging water in the rim water passage to the rising passage portion, and the trap portion has a sealed water storage portion in which sealed water is stored, and one of the drainage passages.
  • the part is disposed so as to pass through the left and right sides with respect to the internal space extending from the upstream end to the downstream end in the sealed water reservoir.
  • the water in the rim water passage can be discharged to the trap portion through the drain passage. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the water in the rim water passage from flowing down as a streak-like water for a long time from the rim spouting hole into the toilet bowl, and to prevent the appearance from being deteriorated due to toilet cleaning.
  • the drainage passage is disposed so as to pass through the left and right sides with respect to the internal space of the sealed water reservoir. Therefore, since it is not necessary to arrange a drain passage so as to pass through the upper wall portion of the sealed water storage portion, the thickness of the upper wall portion of the sealed water storage portion in the front-rear direction can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to shorten the distance that the filth moves until the filth passes under the upper wall portion of the sealed water reservoir, and even if there is a drainage passage, the filth can be easily discharged through the trap portion.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the sealed water storage part of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. It is the perspective sectional view which looked at the flush toilet of FIG. 2 from diagonally upper side.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 4. It is a figure which shows the modification by which a convex part is formed in the channel
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a flush toilet 10 according to the present embodiment.
  • the flush toilet 10 includes a toilet body 12 made of ceramic.
  • the toilet body 12 is a wall-mounted toilet that is attached in a state of being hung on the side wall surface 100 of the toilet room.
  • the toilet body 12 includes a toilet bowl 16 having a rim portion 14 formed at the upper end, two rim water passages 18L and 18R formed on the outer peripheral side of the rim portion 14, and stool from within the rim water passages 18L and 18R. Three rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C for discharging water into the pot portion 16 are provided.
  • the toilet body 12 includes a trap portion 22 connected to the bottom of the toilet bowl 16 and a drainage passage 24 for discharging water in the rim water passages 18L and 18R to the trap portion 22.
  • the flush toilet 10 has one of the main features in the drainage passage 24, it demonstrates from a surrounding structure first.
  • the toilet bowl 16 is formed in the front part of the toilet body 12.
  • the toilet bowl portion 16 is a bowl-shaped receiving surface portion 26 for receiving filth, and is recessed from the lower edge portion of the receiving surface portion 26 and is formed at the bottom of the toilet bowl portion 16.
  • the receiving surface portion 26 is formed in an elliptical shape whose front-rear dimension is larger than the left-right dimension in plan view.
  • An inlet 22 a of the trap part 22 opens at the bottom part of the water storage part 28.
  • the rim water passages 18L and 18R include a left rim water passage 18L (first rim water passage) disposed on the left side which is on the left and right sides with respect to the left and right center line CL of the flush toilet 10, and the left and right center lines CL. And a right rim water passage 18R (second rim water passage) disposed on the right side which is the other side of the right and left sides.
  • the left-right center line CL is a straight line that bisects the left-right dimension Lx (see FIG. 1) that is the maximum of the outer surface portion of the flush toilet 10, and extends along the front-rear direction.
  • Lx straight line that bisects the left-right dimension Lx (see FIG. 1) that is the maximum of the outer surface portion of the flush toilet 10, and extends along the front-rear direction.
  • Each rim water passage 18L, 18R is formed by branching left and right from the downstream end portion of the common water passage 32 for supplying cleaning water to each rim water passage 18L, 18R.
  • the branch position 34 of each rim water passage 18L, 18R is arranged behind the rim portion 14.
  • cleaning water is supplied to the common water passage 32 from a water pipe 102 a that is a part of the cleaning water supply device 102.
  • FIG. 3 the water flow path Wp of the wash water from the water pipe 102a to the rim water paths 18L and 18R is shown.
  • the left rim water passage 18L is formed so as to extend from the branch position 34 on the start end side to one side in the circumferential direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 3, hereinafter simply referred to as clockwise direction).
  • a folded portion 18La is formed on the terminal end side of the left rim water passage 18L, and a first rim water discharge hole 20A is formed at the tip of the folded portion 18La.
  • the left rim water passage 18L is formed with a second rim water discharge hole 20B that branches off from a midway position along the path from the start side to the end side.
  • the second rim water discharge hole 20B is formed so as to extend from the midway position to the inside of the toilet bowl 16 and to the other side in the circumferential direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3, hereinafter simply referred to as counterclockwise direction). Is done.
  • the right rim water passage 18R is formed so as to extend in the counterclockwise direction from the branch position 34 on the start end side.
  • a third rim water discharge hole 20C is formed on the terminal end side of the right rim water passage 18R.
  • Wash water supplied to the left rim water passage 18L is discharged from the first rim water discharge hole 20A and the second rim water discharge hole 20B.
  • the wash water supplied to the right rim water passage 18R is discharged from the third rim water discharge hole 20C. Wash water is discharged in a counterclockwise direction along the inner peripheral surface of the rim portion 14 from each of the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C. Thereby, the water flow for wash
  • the trap part 22 becomes a passage for filth discharged from the toilet bowl part 16 to a sewage side waterway (not shown).
  • the trap portion 22 includes an upstream passage portion 36, an ascending passage portion 38, and a downstream passage portion 40 in order from the upstream side to the downstream side.
  • the ascending passage portion 38 is provided at a position on the way from the bottom of the toilet bowl 16 toward the back side of the trap portion 22.
  • the upstream passage portion 36 is formed so as to continue to the bottom of the toilet bowl portion 16 and extend downward and rearward.
  • the rising passage portion 38 is formed so as to be connected to the downstream end portion of the upstream passage portion 36 and extend upward and rearward.
  • the downstream passage portion 40 is formed so as to be connected to the downstream end portion of the rising passage portion 38 and extend rearward.
  • a drain pipe 104 drawn out from the side wall surface 100 of the toilet room is connected to the downstream end of the downstream passage section 40, and the trap section 22 is connected to the sewage side water channel via the drain pipe 104.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the sealed water reservoir 44 (described later) in FIG.
  • the trap unit 22 includes a sealed water storage unit 44 in which the sealed water 42 is stored.
  • the sealed water 42 has a function of blocking the air flow in the water passing direction of the trap portion 22.
  • the sealed water storage part 44 is configured by an upstream passage part 36 of the trap part 22 and a part of an ascending passage part 38 positioned below an overflow edge 46 described later.
  • FIG. 4 shows a range Sa from the upstream end to the downstream end of the sealed water reservoir 44.
  • the upstream end of the sealed water storage part 44 serves as an inlet 22 a of the trap part 22.
  • the downstream end of the sealed water storage portion 44 is a location at the same height position as the overflow edge 46 in the rising passage portion 38.
  • the trap unit 22 has an overflow edge 46 that defines the maximum water level when the sealing water 42 is not washed.
  • “at the time of non-washing” refers to a time when the toilet bowl 16 is in a standby state before starting washing.
  • the overflow edge 46 is constituted by the upper end edge of the rear wall surface of the rising passage portion 38.
  • the upper wall portion 44b of the sealed water storage portion 44 has a solid plate shape and is disposed so as to separate a part of the internal space of the upstream passage portion 36 and a portion of the internal space of the ascending passage portion 38 in the front-rear direction. Is done.
  • the filth discharged from the toilet bowl 16 toward the sewage-side water channel passes under the upper wall portion 44 b of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • the upper wall portion 44b of the sealed water storage portion 44 constitutes a lower portion of the first partition wall portion 50 that separates the internal space of the toilet bowl portion 16 and the upstream passage portion 36 from the internal space of the ascending passage portion 38 in the front and rear direction. .
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the flush toilet 10 of FIG.
  • the drainage passage 24 finishes supplying the cleaning water from the cleaning water supply device 102 into the rim water passages 18L and 18R, a part of the water in the rim water passages 18L and 18R is transferred to the toilet bowl 16 It is for discharging to the trap part 22 without passing through. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the streak-like water from flowing down from the rim spouting holes 20A to 20C through the toilet bowl 16 over a long period of time.
  • the drainage passage 24 has a vertical passage 52 and a diffusion passage 54 from the left rim water passage 18L side to the inner space 44a side of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • a water inlet 56 is formed for introducing cleaning water from the left rim water passage 18L into the drain passage 24.
  • the water inlet 56 opens on the inner bottom surface of the left rim water passage 18L.
  • a drain port 58 for discharging water from the drain passage 24 into the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 is formed at the downstream end of the diffusion passage 54.
  • the drainage port 58 is disposed on the left side (right side in FIG. 5) of the flush toilet 10 with respect to the internal space 44a of the sealed water reservoir 44, and is open on the right side (left side in FIG. 5) of the flush toilet 10. .
  • a part of the vertical passage 52 and the diffusion passage 54 are washed with respect to the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 without passing through the upper wall portion 44 b of the sealed water storage portion 44. It is arranged to pass through the left side of the toilet 10.
  • a part of the vertical passage 52 and the diffusion passage 54 are arranged so as not to pass through a position sandwiched between the internal space of the upstream passage portion 36 and the internal space of the ascending passage portion 38.
  • a part of the drainage passage 24 passes through a position overlapping the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 when the toilet body 12 is viewed from the side. It can be said that it is arranged.
  • the drainage passage 24 is partially flush with the side wall portion 44c of the sealed water storage portion 44 on the right side (left and right side, left side in FIG. 5) of the flush toilet 10. It can also be said that the toilet bowl 10 is disposed so as to pass through the left side (left and right side, right side in FIG. 5).
  • the vertical passage 52 is formed to extend linearly as shown in FIG.
  • the vertical passage 52 is formed so as to extend along the vertical direction.
  • “so as to extend along the vertical direction” includes a case where the direction in which the central axis of the longitudinal passage 52 extends is completely parallel to the vertical plane and a case where it is substantially parallel to the vertical plane.
  • “when substantially parallel to the vertical plane” refers to a case where the angle of the longitudinal axis 52 in the direction in which the central axis extends with respect to the vertical plane is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than 10 °.
  • a first throttle hole 60 is formed at the downstream end of the vertical passage 52 to restrict the flow of water from the left rim water passage 18 ⁇ / b> L side toward the inner space 44 a side of the sealed water storage portion 44 in the drain passage 24.
  • the first throttle hole 60 is disposed at a position near the trap portion 22 along the route from the left rim water passage 18 ⁇ / b> L to the trap portion 22 in the drain passage 24.
  • the first throttle hole 60 is for restricting the reverse flow of sewage from the rising passage portion 38 into the vertical passage 52 of the drainage passage 24.
  • the diffusion passage 54 is formed so as to widen the flow of water through the first throttle hole 60.
  • the water that has passed through the first throttle hole 60 diffuses in the diffusion passage 54, and the water force is weaker than before the water passes through the first throttle hole 60.
  • the diffusion passage 54 is formed so as to be guided to the drain port 58 by changing the flow direction of the water passing through the first throttle hole 60 from downward to right (leftward in FIG. 5).
  • the diffusion passage 54 has a shape having a wall portion 54 a on the downstream side when viewed from the first throttle hole 60, against which water that has passed through the first throttle hole 60 strikes. The water that has passed through the first throttle hole 60 hits the wall 54 a of the diffusion passage 54, so that the water force is further weakened than before the water passes through the first throttle hole 60.
  • the sealed water reservoir 44 is a passage surface formed so as to be smoothly connected without a step protruding inward in the range Sa from the upstream end to the downstream end of the sealed water reservoir 44. 64 on the inside.
  • the passage surface 64 is formed by the inner surfaces of the left and right side wall portions 44 c and the lower wall portion 44 d of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • a recess 66 is formed that is recessed radially outward of the sealed water storage portion 44 from the passage surface 64 of the left side wall portion 44c.
  • the concave portion 66 is formed in a range from the midway position in the vertical direction of the sealed water storage portion 44 to the upper end portion of the rising passage portion 38.
  • a part of the wall portion forming the vertical passage 52 constitutes a second partition wall portion 62 that separates the internal space of the vertical passage 52 and the internal space 44a of the sealed water storage portion 44 from side to side.
  • the second partition wall portion 62 is provided in a range from the midway position in the vertical direction of the sealed water storage portion 44 to the upper end portion of the rising passage portion 38.
  • the second partition wall portion 62 is formed so as to be connected to the front and rear without being separated from the wall portion around the trap portion 22.
  • the wall portion of the trap portion 22 is formed so as to be continuous with the left side wall portion 44c of the sealed water storage portion 44, but the wall portion of the trap portion 22 is also located above the overflow edge 46. It is formed so as to be connected to the front and rear.
  • the second partition wall 62 of the vertical passage 52 is disposed so as to be located outside the opening edge 66a of the recess 66 in the radial direction of the sealed water reservoir 44.
  • the opening edge 66 a is a boundary position between the passage surface 64 of the sealed water reservoir 44 and the inner wall surface of the recess 66. Accordingly, the second partition wall 62 that forms the drainage passage 24 is provided so as not to form a convex portion on the passage surface 64 of the left side wall portion 44c of the sealed water storage portion 44. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the convex portion 68 here is a radially inner side of the sealed water storage portion 44 in the passage surfaces 64 of the left and right side wall portions 44 c and the lower wall portion 44 d of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • This convex part 68 becomes a level
  • the convex portion 68 serves as a resistance against washing water and filth flowing in the sealed water reservoir 44.
  • the second partition wall portion 62 is formed so as to be inclined outward in the radial direction of the trap portion 22 as it goes upward.
  • the second partition wall portion 62 that forms the drainage passage 24 is formed so as not to protrude radially inward of the trap portion 22 at an intermediate position toward the upper side.
  • the water in each of the rim water passages 18L and 18R can be discharged into the trap portion 22 through the drainage passage 24. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the water in the rim water passages 18L and 18R from flowing down as long streaky water from the rim water spouting holes 20A to 20C through the toilet bowl 16 for a long period of time, and to prevent the appearance from being deteriorated due to toilet cleaning. .
  • a part of the drainage passage 24 is arranged so as to pass on the left side with respect to the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage part 44. Therefore, since it is not necessary to arrange the drainage passage 24 so as to pass through the upper wall portion 44b of the sealed water storage portion 44, the thickness of the upper wall portion 44b of the sealed water storage portion 44 in the front-rear direction can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to shorten the distance that the filth moves until the filth passes through the lower side of the upper wall portion 44b of the sealed water reservoir 44, and it is easy to discharge the filth through the trap portion 22 even when the drainage passage 24 is provided. Become. As a result, it becomes easy to ensure the filth discharge performance while preventing the appearance from deteriorating due to toilet cleaning.
  • the second partition wall 62 that forms the internal passage of the drainage passage 24 is provided so as not to form a convex portion on the passage surface 64 of the sealed water storage portion 44. Therefore, it becomes difficult to provide resistance to water and filth flowing in the sealed water reservoir 44 from the upstream side toward the downstream side, and it becomes easier to ensure the filth discharge performance.
  • a part of the wall portion forming the drainage passage 24 constitutes a second partition wall portion 62 that separates the internal space of the drainage passage 24 and the internal space of the trap portion 22 from side to side. Therefore, rather than separating the wall portion forming the drainage passage 24 and the wall portion forming the internal passage of the trap portion 22, the total left and right dimensions of the drainage passage 24 and the trap portion 22 can be suppressed, This contributes to the downsizing of the left and right dimensions of the toilet 10.
  • the drainage passage 24 has a diffusion passage 54. Therefore, the water passing through the drain passage 24 is diffused in the diffusion passage 54 to weaken the water force, and the weak water can be discharged from the drain passage 24 into the internal space 44 a of the sealed water reservoir 44. For this reason, at the time of toilet flushing, the water discharged from the drainage passage 24 does not easily affect the water and filth flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side in the sealed water reservoir 44, and further ensure the filth discharge performance. It becomes easy to do.
  • the diffusion passage 54 is formed so as to discharge water into the sealed water reservoir 44 by changing the flow direction of the water. Therefore, the water passing through the diffusion passage 54 comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the diffusion passage 54 to further weaken the water flow, and the weak water can be discharged from the drain passage 24 into the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44. For this reason, at the time of toilet flushing, the water discharged from the drainage passage 24 does not easily affect the water and filth flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side in the sealed water storage portion 44, and the filth discharge performance is further improved. It becomes easy to secure.
  • the drainage passage 24 has a minimum cutoff water level defining portion 69 that regulates a minimum cutoff water level that is the lowest water level among the cutoff water levels of the sealed water 42 that can block the drainage passage 24.
  • the minimum cutoff water level defining portion 69 is configured by the lower end portion of the upper wall surface of the drainage passage 24 in the path from the water inlet 56 serving as the upstream end of the drainage passage 24 to the drain port 58 serving as the downstream end.
  • the minimum cutoff water level defining portion 69 is arranged with a distance L1 of 50 mm or more below the overflow edge 46. Thereby, even when the water level of the sealing water 42 falls due to drying or the like, the shut-off state of the drainage passage 24 by the sealing water 42 can be maintained for a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to stably prevent the odor from flowing backward from the sewage-side water channel through the drain passage 24 over a long period of time.
  • the upper limit value of the distance L1 is not particularly limited. For example, the distance from the overflow edge 46 to the lowest position of the passage surface 64 of the trap portion 22 is the upper limit value. Further, the minimum cutoff water level defining portion 69 according to the present embodiment is disposed below the lower end of the upper wall portion 44 b of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • FIG. 10 and 11 are views showing a state in which the toilet body 12 of the flush toilet 10 is disassembled
  • FIG. 10 is a view seen from the same viewpoint as FIG. 2
  • FIG. 11 is a same viewpoint as FIG. FIG.
  • the flush toilet 10 includes an upper surface side portion 70 and a toilet bowl side portion 72 having a shape obtained by dividing the toilet body 12 into upper and lower portions.
  • the upper surface side portion 70 is a portion including the upper surface portion 12 a of the toilet body 12 and a wall portion 32 a that defines the common water passage 32.
  • the toilet bowl side portion 72 is a portion below the upper surface side portion 70.
  • the toilet bowl side portion 72 is a portion including most of the toilet bowl portion 16.
  • the boundary position between the upper surface side portion 70 and the toilet bowl side portion 72 is set to be a position that divides the rim water passages 18L and 18R vertically.
  • the rim water passages 18L and 18R of the toilet bowl side portion 72 have a shape opened upward.
  • the toilet body 12 is formed by separately casting the toilet body before firing of each of the upper surface portion 70 and the toilet bowl side portion 72 by casting, and joining them by bonding or the like, followed by subsequent steps such as drying, glazing, firing, etc. It is obtained by going through.
  • the manufacturing method of the toilet bowl body of the toilet bowl side portion 72 will be mainly described.
  • FIG. 12 is a view showing a state in the middle of forming the toilet bowl body of the toilet bowl side portion 72 of the flush toilet 10.
  • the toilet bowl side portion 72 is obtained by casting using a plurality of molds 110 to 114.
  • Casting is a process of forming a mold space 116 for molding a toilet body by combining a plurality of molds 110 to 114, and uncured in the mold space 116 formed by the plurality of molds 110 to 114. Injecting the state mud.
  • the molds 110 to 114 are made of a water-absorbing material such as plaster.
  • the mud is hardened along the surfaces of the molds 110 to 114, and the toilet bowl body 120 of the toilet bowl side portion 72 is obtained.
  • Casting molding further includes a step of discharging the uncured mud remaining in the toilet base 120 of the toilet bowl side portion 72 and a step of releasing the molds 110 to 114 from the toilet base 120.
  • This figure shows a state immediately before each mold 110 to 114 is removed from the toilet base 120.
  • the upper mold 110 disposed on the upper side, the lower mold 111 disposed on the lower side, and the left mold 112 and the right mold 113 disposed on the left and right sides are used as the molds 110 to 114.
  • Each of the molds 110 to 113 has a molding surface 110a, 111a, 112a, 113a having a shape corresponding to the toilet bowl side portion 72 of the flush toilet 10.
  • the molding surface 110 a of the upper mold 110 is for molding a portion facing the upper part of the toilet bowl side portion 72.
  • the molding surface 110a of the upper mold 110 has at least a shape that models the inner bottom surface of each rim water passage 18L, 18R.
  • the molding surface 110a of the upper mold 110 has a shape that is similar to the inner surface of the toilet bowl 16, although not illustrated.
  • the molding surface 111 a of the lower mold 111 is for molding a portion facing the lower side of the toilet bowl side portion 72.
  • the molding surface 111a of the lower mold 111 has at least a shape that models the lower wall portion and both side wall portions of the trap portion 22.
  • the molding surface 112a of the left mold 112 and the molding surface 113a of the right mold 113 are for molding portions facing the left and right sides of the toilet bowl side portion 72.
  • the upper mold 110 and the lower mold 111 are arranged with their molding surfaces 110a and 111a facing each other up and down, and the left mold 112 and the right mold 113 are also arranged with their molding surfaces 112a and 113a facing each other right and left.
  • a mold space 116 for molding a toilet bowl is formed between the molding surfaces 110a and 111a.
  • the plurality of molds 110 to 114 include a rod-shaped mold member 114 for forming the vertical passage 52 of the drainage passage 24.
  • the mold member 114 has a molding surface 114 a for molding the inner surface of the vertical passage 52.
  • the upper mold 110 is formed with an insertion hole 110b penetrating the molding surface 110a, and the mold member 114 is inserted into and removed from the insertion hole 110b of the upper mold 110. At this time, the mold member 114 is inserted in the axial direction of the insertion hole 110b and in a direction approaching the mold space 116 in each of the molds 110 to 114.
  • uncured mud is injected into the mold spaces 116 in the plurality of molds 110 to 114. Thereafter, the mud is discharged as described above, and the molds 110 to 114 are removed from the toilet base 120.
  • the demolding direction Pa of the mold member 114 is the axial direction of the insertion hole 110b, and is extracted in a direction away from the mold space 116 in each of the molds 110 to 113.
  • the mold release direction Pb of the upper mold 110 is a direction different from the mold release direction Pa of the mold member 114, more specifically, a direction inclined with respect to a virtual plane parallel to the mold release direction Pa of the mold member 114. .
  • the mold release direction Pb of the upper mold 110 and the mold release direction Pa of the mold member 114 are different directions, the upper mold 110 and the mold member 114 are respectively removed. It can be removed smoothly.
  • the vertical passage 52 of the drainage passage 24 has a water introduction port 56 that is formed so as to extend linearly and opens upward. Therefore, at the time of casting molding, the vertical passage 52 of the drainage passage 24 can be formed simply by inserting the rod-shaped mold member 114 into the insertion hole 110b of the upper mold 110, and the toilet body 12 having the drainage passage 24 can be easily formed. Can be manufactured.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the mold member 114 is formed in a taper shape so as to taper toward the tip side.
  • the inner surface of the vertical passage 52 of the drainage passage 24 is formed in a taper shape so as to be tapered downward from the water introduction port 56.
  • a so-called draft angle is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the mold member 114. Therefore, the mold member 114 can be easily extracted from the insertion hole 110b of the upper mold 110, and the toilet body 12 having the drainage passage 24 can be more easily manufactured.
  • a stepped surface 74 is formed at the upstream end of the drainage passage 24.
  • the step surface 74 is formed so as to face the left rim water passage 18L.
  • the flush toilet 10 further includes an attachment member 76 attached in the drain passage 24.
  • the attachment member 76 is attached by adhesion or the like while being placed on the stepped surface 74.
  • the attachment member 76 is attached so as to cross the internal space of the drainage passage 24.
  • the mounting member 76 has a plate shape, and a second throttle hole 76a serving as a through hole for allowing water to flow from the left rim water passage 18L side toward the trap portion 22 side is formed.
  • the second throttle hole 76 a is disposed at a position near the left rim water passage 18 ⁇ / b> L along the route from the left rim water passage 18 ⁇ / b> L to the trap portion 22 in the drainage passage 24.
  • the second throttle hole 76 a is used to throttle the flow of water from the left rim water passage 18 ⁇ / b> L side toward the internal space 44 a side of the sealed water storage portion 44 in the drain passage 24.
  • the second throttle hole 76a restricts the flow of washing water from the inside of each rim water passage 18L, 18R into the water drain passage 24, It has a function of increasing the amount of cleaning water discharged from each of the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C.
  • the inner diameter dimension of the drainage passage 24 and the inner diameter dimension of the second throttle hole 76a are set differently. Can be set to size. Therefore, the inner diameter dimension of the drainage passage 24 can be set to a large dimension suitable for ensuring the strength of the mold member 114 described above. Further, the inner diameter dimension of the second throttle hole 76a can be set to a small dimension suitable for suppressing the water flow discharged from the drain passage 24 into the trap portion 22.
  • the water discharged from the drainage passage 24 does not easily affect the water flow from the upstream side to the downstream side in the internal space 44a of the sealed water storage portion 44, and the filth discharge performance is ensured. It becomes easy. As described above, when the flush toilet 10 is provided with the drainage passage 24, it is easy to secure the filth discharge performance while securing the strength of the mold member 114 used for forming the drainage passage 24.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically showing the gradient formed on the inner bottom surface of each rim water passage 18L, 18R.
  • the gradient from the high position to the low position is indicated by an arrow.
  • the inner bottom surfaces of the rim water passages 18L and 18R are provided with a slope that is inclined downward from the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C toward the back side.
  • a first slope 80A is provided on the inner bottom surface of the left rim water passage 18L so that the first rim water discharge hole 20A is at a high position and the branch position 34 side of each rim water passage 18L, 18R is at a low position. Further, the second rim water discharge hole 20B is at a high position on the inner bottom surface of the left rim water passage 18L, and a second gradient 80B is provided in which the middle position of the inner bottom surface with the first gradient 80A is at a low position.
  • a third slope 80C is provided on the inner bottom surface of the right rim water passage 18R so that the third rim water discharge hole 20C is at a high position and the branch position 34 side of each rim water passage 18L, 18R is at a low position.
  • the water introduction port 56 of the drainage passage 24 is disposed at a position lower than the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C.
  • the water inlet 56 according to the present embodiment is entirely disposed at a position lower than the rim water spouting holes 20A to 20C.
  • the “residual water” here includes water supplied from the cleaning water supply device 102 as cleaning water used for toilet flushing or as makeup water for storing the sealing water 42 after toilet flushing.
  • each rim water passage 18L, 18R the water on the inner bottom surface of each rim water passage 18L, 18R is caused by its own weight to the water inlet 56 through the first gradient 80A to the third gradient 80C. It becomes easy to guide. Therefore, the water on the inner bottom surfaces of the rim water passages 18L and 18R can be easily discharged through the drain passage 24, and the amount of water flowing into the toilet bowl 16 through the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C can be easily reduced.
  • a water reservoir 82 is formed at the branch position 34 of each rim water passage 18L, 18R.
  • the water reservoir 82 is formed at each upstream end of the left rim water passage 18L and the right rim water passage 18R.
  • the water reservoir 82 is recessed downward so that the inner bottom surface is disposed at a lower position as it goes upstream of each rim water passage 18L, 18R, that is, as it approaches the branch position 34 of each rim water passage 18L, 18R. Formed.
  • the water reservoir 82 is located at a position lower than each of the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C and at a position lower than the water inlet 56.
  • the water level WLc of the water remaining in the water reservoir 82 is indicated by a one-dot chain line.
  • FIG. 4 A direction along the axis La passing through the center of the drainage port 58 of the drainage passage 24 is defined as an axial direction Pc.
  • the axial direction Pc of the drain outlet 58 according to the present embodiment is the left-right direction in FIG. 5 and the direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. That is, FIG. 4 is a view as seen from the axial direction Pc of the drain port 58.
  • the range overlapping with the drain port 58 is that when the cleaning water discharged from the drain port 58 flows linearly, the cleaning water that flows linearly. It can be said that it becomes the range that passes.
  • Lb be the passage center line along the flow direction of the wash water discharged from the toilet bowl 16 in the sealed water reservoir 44.
  • the passage center line Lb indicates the geometric gravity center position of the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 in a cross section orthogonal to the flow direction of the cleaning water in the sealed water storage portion 44 from the upstream end of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • the drain port 58 of the drainage passage 24 is disposed at a position that does not overlap with the passage center line Lb of the sealed water storage portion 44 when viewed from the above-described axial direction Pc (from the viewpoint of FIG. 4). It can be said that the drain port 58 is disposed at a position shifted from the passage center line Lb of the sealed water storage portion 44 when viewed from the axial direction Pc. Accordingly, the washing water is discharged from the drain outlet 58 of the drainage passage 24 toward the position where the passage center line Lb of the sealed water storage portion 44 is deviated. Therefore, the wash water discharged from the drainage port 58 of the drainage passage 24 makes it difficult for the flow of the wash water flowing along the passage center line Lb in the sealed water storage portion 44 to be easily secured, and it is easy to ensure the waste discharge performance. Become.
  • FIG. 14 is a front sectional view of the flush toilet 10 according to the second embodiment.
  • the drain port 58 of the drainage passage 24 has been described as being disposed on the left side with respect to the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 in the rising passage portion 38.
  • the drainage port 58 of the drainage passage 24 is disposed on the lower side with respect to the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 in the ascending passage portion 38, and is open on the upper side of the toilet body 12.
  • the drain port 58 of the drainage passage 24 may be disposed on the left or right side or the lower side with respect to the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • the wall surface 62a is a wall surface of the second partition wall portion 62 of the drainage passage 24 on the inner space side of the trap portion 22.
  • the upstream end portion of the drainage passage 24 is formed in the cylindrical portion 84 protruding from the inner bottom surface of the left rim water passage 18 ⁇ / b> L, and the upper end opening of the cylindrical portion 84 constitutes the water introduction port 56. .
  • the height from the depth position of the water reservoir 82 to the water introduction port 56 is increased, and the water in the water reservoir 82 is hardly discharged through the water introduction port 56 of the water drain passage 24.
  • the amount of water remaining in the water reservoir 82 can be increased, and when the cleaning water is supplied from the cleaning water supply device 102, the rim water passages 18L and 18R can be filled more quickly.
  • the flush toilet 10 may wash the inside of the toilet bowl 16 by a washing method such as a wash-off type or a siphon type.
  • the flush toilet 10 may use a water supply system such as a direct water supply system or a gravity water supply system.
  • a water supply system such as a direct water supply system or a gravity water supply system.
  • the toilet body 12 has been described by taking a wall-mounted toilet as an example, it may be a floor-standing toilet installed on the floor surface of a toilet room.
  • the toilet body 12 may be made of resin or the like in addition to pottery.
  • the trap part 22 which concerns on this embodiment drains through the drain pipe 104 pulled out from the side wall surface 100 of a toilet room, it forms so that the downstream channel
  • the so-called P trap structure is described as an example.
  • the trap portion 22 is drained through a drain pipe drawn from the floor surface of the toilet room, so that the downstream passage portion 40 of the trap portion 22 is formed so as to extend vertically toward the floor surface. It may be the structure.
  • the number of rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C formed in the rim portion 14 is not particularly limited, and may be one, two, four or more in addition to three.
  • the discharge direction of the wash water from the rim water discharge holes 20A to 20C is not particularly limited, and may be discharged downward in addition to the case of discharging to one side in the circumferential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the toilet bowl portion 16. Only one of the left rim water passage 18L and the right rim water passage 18R may be formed on the outer peripheral side of the rim portion 14.
  • the drainage passage 24 may be disposed so as to pass through one of the left and right sides of the toilet main body 12 with respect to the internal space 44a of the sealed water storage portion 44, and not the left side of the toilet main body 12 as shown in FIG. You may arrange
  • FIG. 8 the example in which the drainage passage 24 is disposed outside the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44 has been described.
  • the water drain passage 24 may be disposed inside the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44. Even in this case, the drainage passage 24 is arranged so as to pass through one of the left and right sides of the toilet body 12 with respect to a part of the internal space 44 a of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • the second partition wall portion 62 is provided as a wall portion forming the drainage passage 24 so as not to form a convex portion on the passage surface 64 of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • a wall portion of the drainage passage 24 is not limited to the second partition wall portion 62.
  • the wall portion (second partition wall portion 62) of the drainage passage 24 is disposed so as to fit outside the opening edge 66 a of the recess 66 in the radial direction of the sealed water storage portion 44.
  • the inner surface of the second partition wall portion 62 of the drainage passage 24 on the inner space 44 a side of the sealed water storage portion 44 is formed to be a part of the passage surface 64, and the drainage port of the drainage passage 24 is formed.
  • Such a condition may be satisfied by forming 58 to be recessed from the passage surface 64.
  • the drainage passage 24 has been described as having the second partition wall portion 62 that separates the internal space of the drainage passage 24 and the internal space of the trap portion 22 from side to side, the drainage passage 24 has the second partition wall portion 62. It is not necessary to have. In this case, another space may be disposed between the internal space of the drainage passage 24 and the internal space of the trap portion 22.
  • the diffusion passage 54 of the drainage passage 24 is formed at a position continuous with the first throttle hole 60 on the trap portion 22 side in the drainage passage 24 has been described.
  • the diffusion passage 54 only needs to have a shape that allows the water flow through the drainage passage 24 to spread and diffuse, and does not have to be formed at a position continuous to the trap portion 22 side with respect to the first throttle hole 60.
  • the attachment position of the attachment member 76 with respect to the drainage passage 24 is not particularly limited, and may be attached to a midway position in the water passage direction or a downstream end portion in addition to the upstream end portion of the drainage passage 24.
  • the sealed water storage portion has a passage surface formed so as to be continuous in a range from the upstream end to the downstream end thereof, and
  • the wall portion forming the drainage passage may be provided so as not to form a convex portion on the passage surface.
  • a part of the wall portion that forms the drainage passage may constitute a partition that separates the internal space of the drainage passage and the internal space of the trap portion from side to side. .
  • the left and right dimensions in total of the drainage passage and the trap portion can be suppressed rather than separating the wall portion forming the drainage passage and the wall portion forming the internal passage of the trap portion.
  • the drain outlet of the drain passage is disposed on the lower side with respect to the internal space of the rising passage portion, and is formed so as to discharge water upward in the rising passage portion. Also good. According to this aspect, water can be discharged from the drain outlet of the drain passage in the same upward direction as the flow direction of the washing water and filth in the rising passage portion. Therefore, at the time of toilet bowl washing, the water discharged from the drainage passage hardly affects the water and filth flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side in the sealed water reservoir, and the filth discharge performance is further easily ensured.
  • the drainage passage may have a diffusion passage for spreading and diffusing the flow of water passing through the drainage passage.
  • the water passing through the drainage passage is diffused in the diffusion passage to weaken the water, and the weak water can be discharged from the drainage passage to the internal space of the sealed water reservoir. Therefore, at the time of toilet bowl washing, the water discharged from the drainage passage hardly affects the water and filth flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side in the sealed water reservoir, and the filth discharge performance is further easily ensured.
  • the diffusion passage may be formed so as to discharge water into the sealed water reservoir by changing the flow direction of water.
  • the water passing through the diffusion passage hits the inner wall surface of the diffusion passage to further weaken the water flow, and the weak water can be discharged from the drain passage into the internal space of the sealed water storage section. Therefore, when the toilet is washed, the water discharged from the drainage passage is less likely to affect the water and filth flowing from the upstream side to the downstream side in the sealed water reservoir, and the filth discharge performance can be further ensured. .
  • the drainage passage may have a first throttle hole for restricting a reverse flow of sewage from the inside of the ascending passage to the drainage passage.
  • the drainage passage may have a second throttle hole for restricting the flow of wash water from the rim water passage into the drain passage.
  • the trap portion has an overflow edge that defines a maximum water level when the sealed water is not washed, and the drain passage is between the drain passage and the rising passage portion.
  • a minimum cutoff water level defining part that defines a minimum cutoff water level of the sealed water that can be in a state in which the air flow is blocked, and the minimum cutoff water level defining part is a distance of 50 mm or more below the overflow edge It may be arranged with a gap. According to this aspect, even when the sealing water in the trap portion is lowered due to drying, the state where the air flow between the drain passage and the trap portion is blocked by the sealing water can be maintained for a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the odor from flowing backward from the sewage side water channel through the drain passage for a long period of time.
  • the drain passage has a longitudinal passage formed so as to extend linearly, and the longitudinal passage has a water inlet opening upward. Good.
  • the shape of the drainage passage can be formed simply by inserting a rod-shaped mold member into the mold, and the toilet body having the drainage passage can be easily manufactured.
  • a water reservoir may be formed in the rim water passage at a position lower than the water inlet of the drain passage. According to this aspect, even after the water in the rim water passage is discharged to the trap portion through the drain passage, a part of the water in the rim water passage can be left in the water reservoir. Therefore, when supplying the cleaning water from the cleaning water supply device, the inside of the rim water passage can be quickly filled with water, and the high water pressure cleaning water can be discharged from the rim water passage through the rim water discharge hole at an early stage.
  • the drain outlet of the drainage passage is at a position that does not overlap with the center line along the flow direction of the wash water in the sealed water storage portion when viewed from the axial direction of the drain outlet. It may be arranged. According to this aspect, the wash water is discharged from the drain outlet of the drainage passage toward the position where the passage center line of the sealed water storage portion is deviated. Therefore, the washing water discharged from the drain outlet of the drainage passage is unlikely to hinder the flow of the washing water flowing along the passage center line in the sealed water reservoir, and the filth discharge performance is easily secured.
  • the method for producing a toilet bowl is a method for producing a toilet bowl of the toilet bowl side portion in a toilet body configured by joining an upper surface side portion and a toilet bowl side portion below the upper surface side portion,
  • the toilet body includes a stool portion having a rim portion formed at an upper end, a rim water passage formed on an outer peripheral side of the rim portion, and a rim for discharging water from the rim water passage into the stool portion.
  • a trap part connected to the bottom of the toilet bowl, the trap part having an upward passage part extending upward from a bottom part of the toilet bowl part toward the back side of the trap part;
  • the plurality of molds include an inner bottom surface of the rim water passage.
  • An upper mold in which an insertion hole penetrating the molding surface is formed, and a molding surface for molding the inner surface of the drainage passage, and with respect to the insertion hole And a mold member to be inserted and removed. According to this aspect, only by inserting the mold member into the insertion hole of the upper mold, a part of the drainage passage can be formed, and the toilet body having the drainage passage can be easily manufactured.
  • the present invention relates to a flush toilet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une cuvette de toilettes à chasse d'eau qui est pourvue : d'une section de cuvette qui comporte un rebord formé à son extrémité supérieure ; de passages d'écoulement d'eau de rebord (18L, 18R) formés sur le côté périphérique extérieur du rebord ; de trous d'évacuation d'eau de rebord pour évacuer de l'eau à partir des intérieurs des passages d'écoulement d'eau de rebord (18L, 18R) dans la section de cuvette ; d'un siphon (22) qui est raccordé au fond de la section de cuvette et qui contient de l'eau de siphon ; et d'un passage de drainage d'eau (24) pour évacuer de l'eau dans les passages d'écoulement d'eau de rebord (18L, 18R) dans le siphon (22). Une partie du passage de drainage d'eau (24) est disposée afin de s'étendre à travers un côté, dans la direction gauche-droite, d'un espace (22b) à l'intérieur de la section (44), qui contient l'eau de siphon, du siphon (22).
PCT/JP2016/070689 2015-09-28 2016-07-13 Cuvette de toilettes à chasse d'eau et procédé pour fabriquer un corps vert pour cuvette de toilettes WO2017056639A1 (fr)

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CN201680056007.2A CN108026720B (zh) 2015-09-28 2016-07-13 抽水马桶以及马桶坯的制造方法
DE112016004376.7T DE112016004376T5 (de) 2015-09-28 2016-07-13 Spültoilettenbecken und verfahren zur herstellung eines rohlings für das toilettenbecken

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JP2015-189486 2015-09-28
JP2015189486A JP6422838B2 (ja) 2015-09-28 2015-09-28 水洗大便器及び便器素地の製造方法

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TWI633990B (zh) * 2017-09-01 2018-09-01 和成欣業股份有限公司 High pressure molding method and toilet body formed by using the same
WO2019214936A1 (fr) * 2018-05-08 2019-11-14 Dorst Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Moule de coulée sous pression en barbotine et installation de coulée sous pression en barbotine

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CN109183941B (zh) * 2018-11-12 2021-05-07 江西立维卫浴有限公司 一种排水管前置的大包结构无水箱坐便器的制造方法
KR101962616B1 (ko) * 2018-11-14 2019-03-27 대림비앤코주식회사 물탱크 저장식 일체 성형 양변기 및 그 제조방법
JP7308071B2 (ja) * 2019-04-26 2023-07-13 株式会社Lixil 便器
JP7423295B2 (ja) 2019-12-16 2024-01-29 株式会社Lixil 水洗大便器及び便器装置

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JPH078475U (ja) * 1993-06-30 1995-02-07 東陶機器株式会社 水洗便器
JP2001152528A (ja) * 1999-11-30 2001-06-05 Toto Ltd 大便器

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GB751079A (en) * 1954-01-14 1956-06-27 Ideal Standard Spa Bowl for water closets
ATE274111T1 (de) 1998-05-06 2004-09-15 Laufen Keramik Holding Wc-schale
CN101417463B (zh) * 2008-05-09 2010-08-18 上海奇谋能源技术开发有限公司 一种空腔陶瓷器的成型方法

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JPH078475U (ja) * 1993-06-30 1995-02-07 東陶機器株式会社 水洗便器
JP2001152528A (ja) * 1999-11-30 2001-06-05 Toto Ltd 大便器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI633990B (zh) * 2017-09-01 2018-09-01 和成欣業股份有限公司 High pressure molding method and toilet body formed by using the same
WO2019214936A1 (fr) * 2018-05-08 2019-11-14 Dorst Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Moule de coulée sous pression en barbotine et installation de coulée sous pression en barbotine
CN112088078A (zh) * 2018-05-08 2020-12-15 道尔斯特技术有限两合公司 注浆-压铸模具和注浆-压铸设备

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DE112016004376T5 (de) 2018-06-21
JP2017066606A (ja) 2017-04-06
CN108026720A (zh) 2018-05-11
JP6422838B2 (ja) 2018-11-14

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