WO2017033311A1 - 劣化度推定装置及び劣化度推定方法 - Google Patents
劣化度推定装置及び劣化度推定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017033311A1 WO2017033311A1 PCT/JP2015/074021 JP2015074021W WO2017033311A1 WO 2017033311 A1 WO2017033311 A1 WO 2017033311A1 JP 2015074021 W JP2015074021 W JP 2015074021W WO 2017033311 A1 WO2017033311 A1 WO 2017033311A1
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- deterioration
- battery
- degree
- internal resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a deterioration degree estimation device and a deterioration degree estimation method for estimating a deterioration degree of a battery.
- a method of determining the degree of deterioration of a lithium ion secondary battery a method of detecting the degree of battery deterioration from the internal resistance of the secondary battery is known.
- the nature of the battery when the battery deteriorates, the internal resistance of the battery increases. Therefore, the deterioration degree of the battery can be detected from the internal resistance.
- the current and voltage flowing through the battery are detected, and the internal resistance of the battery is calculated from a predetermined formula.
- a table for specifying the degree of deterioration from the internal resistance is stored. Then, the degree of deterioration is calculated using the stored table (Patent Document 1).
- the above-described deterioration degree determination method has a problem that the degree of deterioration estimation accuracy is low because the deterioration degree of the battery is determined using only the internal resistance of the battery.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a degradation degree estimation apparatus or degradation degree estimation method with high estimation accuracy.
- the present invention manages the deterioration of either the battery cycle deterioration or the battery storage deterioration, estimates the battery deterioration degree as the estimated deterioration degree based on the increase rate of the internal resistance of the battery, and manages the cycle deterioration.
- the cycle deterioration is larger, the estimated deterioration degree is reduced, and in the case of managing the storage deterioration, the above problem is solved by increasing the estimated deterioration degree as the storage deterioration is larger.
- the value corresponding to how the battery is used is reflected in the calculation of the deterioration degree, so that the estimation accuracy of the deterioration degree is improved.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a degradation level estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the deterioration degree estimation device is provided in a vehicle or the like having a battery. Note that the deterioration level estimation device is not limited to a vehicle, and may be provided in another device including a battery.
- the deterioration level estimation device includes a battery 1, a load 2, a current sensor 3, a voltage sensor 4, and a battery controller 10.
- the battery 1 includes a plurality of secondary batteries connected in series or in parallel.
- the secondary battery is a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, or the like.
- the battery 1 is connected to a charger (not shown).
- the load 2 is connected to the battery 1 by wiring.
- the load 2 is driven by the power of the battery 1.
- the load 2 is a motor or the like.
- the current sensor 3 and the voltage sensor 4 detect the state of the battery and are electrically connected to the battery 1.
- the current sensor 3 detects the current of the battery 1.
- the voltage sensor 4 detects the voltage of the battery 1. Detection values of the current sensor 3 and the voltage sensor 4 are output to the battery controller 10.
- the battery controller 10 is a control device that manages the state of the battery 1.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the battery controller 10.
- the battery controller 10 includes a CPU, a ROM, and the like.
- the battery controller 10 has a control unit shown in FIG. 2 as a functional block for estimating the degree of deterioration of the battery 1.
- the battery controller 10 includes an internal resistance management unit 20, a degradation management unit 30, and a degradation level estimation unit 40.
- the internal resistance management unit 20 manages the internal resistance of the battery 1 based on the detection current of the current sensor 3 and the detection voltage of the voltage sensor 4.
- the internal resistance management unit 20 includes an internal resistance detection unit 21 and a resistance increase rate calculation unit 22.
- the internal resistance detection unit 21 detects (calculates) the internal resistance of the battery 1 based on the detection value of the current sensor 3 and the detection value of the voltage sensor 4.
- the resistance increase rate calculation unit 22 calculates the increase rate of the internal resistance.
- the degradation management unit 30 manages the cycle degradation of the battery 1.
- the deterioration management unit 30 manages the cycle deterioration degree by calculating the current integrated value of the battery 1.
- the deterioration management unit 30 includes an actual current integrated value calculation unit 31, a time management unit 32, a reference current integrated value calculation unit 33, and an integrated value ratio calculation unit 34.
- the actual current integrated value calculation unit 31 calculates the current integrated value of the battery 1 by integrating the detected current of the current sensor 3.
- the time management unit 32 manages the elapsed time from the start of use of the battery 1.
- the reference current integrated value calculation unit 33 calculates a reference current integrated value based on the elapsed time managed by the time management unit 32.
- the current integrated value calculated by the actual current integrated value calculation unit 31 is an actual integrated value of the discharge current.
- the reference current integrated value calculated by the reference current integrated value calculating unit 33 is a current integrated value corresponding to the elapsed time, and is not an actual integrated value of the discharge current.
- the integrated value ratio calculation unit 34 calculates the ratio of the current integrated value.
- the ratio is the actual current integrated value with respect to the reference current integrated value.
- the deterioration level estimation unit 40 calculates the deterioration level of the battery 1 based on the internal resistance of the battery 1. Further, the deterioration level estimation unit 40 corrects the deterioration level corresponding to the internal resistance according to the magnitude of the current integration value ratio calculated by the integration value ratio calculation unit 34. Thereby, the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 estimates the corrected deterioration degree as the final deterioration degree of the battery 1.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing a correspondence relationship between the resistance increase rate, the ratio of the integrated current value, and the capacity maintenance rate. Note that steps S1 to S7 in the block diagram of FIG. 2 show a control flow of the degradation degree estimation method.
- the internal resistance detection unit 21 acquires the detection current and the detection voltage using the current sensor 3 and the voltage sensor 4, and plots the acquired detection current and the detection voltage on a graph with the current value and the voltage value as axes.
- an IV characteristic that is an approximate straight line of the plotted current value and voltage value is calculated, and an internal resistance is calculated from the slope of the IV characteristic (step S1).
- the method of calculating the internal resistance is not limited to the method of calculating from the slope of the IV characteristic, and other methods may be used. For example, calculation is performed by substituting the current value detected by the current sensor 3 and the voltage value detected by the voltage sensor 4 into a battery model expression stored in advance, including the current value, voltage value, and internal resistance as parameters. can do. Since these internal resistance calculation methods are well-known techniques, they will not be described in detail here.
- the resistance increase rate calculation unit 22 includes an initial value of internal resistance (the internal resistance value corresponding to the internal resistance value when the battery 1 is new and stored in advance), and the internal resistance calculated by the internal resistance detection unit 21. By calculating the ratio, the resistance increase rate is calculated (step S2).
- the resistance increase rate corresponds to the ratio of the calculated value of the internal resistance to the initial value of the internal resistance. That is, the resistance increase rate means an increase rate with respect to the initial value of the internal resistance.
- the initial value of the internal resistance may be a value stored in advance in the resistance increase rate calculation unit 22. Alternatively, it may be a value calculated by the internal resistance detection unit 21 at the start of use of the battery 1.
- the resistance increase rate calculation unit 22 outputs the calculated resistance increase rate to the deterioration degree estimation unit 40.
- the actual current integrated value calculation unit 31 calculates the actual current integrated value of the battery 1 by integrating the detected current of the current sensor 3 (step S3).
- the current integrated value is an integrated value of the discharge current of the battery 1. Further, the current integrated value is a current integrated value from the start of use of the battery 1 to the present.
- the time management unit 32 manages the elapsed time of the battery 1 while corresponding to the calculation timing of the current integrated value by the actual current integrated value calculating unit 31 (step S4).
- the reference current integrated value calculation unit 33 calculates the current integrated value corresponding to the elapsed time as the reference current integrated value (step S5).
- the reference current integrated value is a value in which the current integrated value at the elapsed time is set in advance.
- the reference current integrated value is a value set in advance as an evaluation value obtained by evaluating the integrated value of the discharge current under a predetermined environment. The longer the elapsed time, the larger the reference current integrated value. For example, when 1C charging and 1C discharging are repeated a predetermined number of times in a predetermined period, the integrated value of the discharge time during the predetermined period becomes the reference current integrated value corresponding to the predetermined period.
- the correspondence relationship between the elapsed time and the reference current integrated value is stored in advance in the reference current integrated value calculation unit 33 using a map or the like.
- the integrated value ratio calculation unit 34 calculates the ratio of the current integrated value (step S6).
- the ratio of the current integrated value is a ratio between the actual current integrated value at a predetermined elapsed time and the reference current integrated value corresponding to the predetermined elapsed time.
- the ratio of the current integrated value is high, the actual current integrated value becomes large, so that the cycle deterioration becomes larger than the storage deterioration.
- the ratio of the current integrated value is low, the actual current integrated value is smaller than the current integrated value (equivalent to the reference current integrated value) that has been evaluated in advance. Cycle degradation is reduced. That is, the ratio of the integrated current value represents the ratio of the influence of cycle deterioration over the elapsed time.
- storage deterioration is deterioration that occurs over time regardless of charge / discharge of the battery
- cycle deterioration means deterioration that occurs due to charge / discharge of the battery.
- the degree of deterioration of the battery 1 is represented by storage deterioration and cycle deterioration. That is, the deterioration of the battery 1 includes storage deterioration and cycle deterioration.
- the ratio that the storage deterioration affects the deterioration degree and the cycle deterioration affects the deterioration degree. The percentage to do depends on how the battery is used.
- the internal resistance increase rate reaches the predetermined value, if the cycle deterioration affects the deterioration degree of the battery 1 rather than the storage deterioration, the deterioration rate of the battery 1 is large, and therefore the elapsed time from the start of use. Is also shortened.
- the internal resistance increase rate reaches the predetermined value, when the storage deterioration affects the deterioration degree of the battery 1 rather than the cycle deterioration, the deterioration rate of the battery 1 is small. Elapsed time increases.
- the degree of deterioration of the battery 1 is greater. That is, if the internal resistance increase rate is the same, the deterioration degree of the battery 1 decreases as the cycle deterioration increases, and the deterioration degree of the battery 1 increases as the storage deterioration increases.
- the deterioration level estimation unit 40 estimates the deterioration level of the battery 1 using this characteristic.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 stores in advance a correspondence relationship between the resistance increase rate, the current integrated value ratio, and the capacity maintenance rate as a map. As shown in FIG. 3, in the correspondence relationship represented by the map, the capacity retention rate decreases as the resistance increase rate increases. Further, when the resistance increase rate is set to a constant value, the capacity maintenance rate decreases as the ratio of the current integrated value decreases. In other words, when the degree of deterioration of the battery is set to a constant value, it can be said that the capacity maintenance ratio decreases as the cycle deterioration ratio decreases, that is, the storage deterioration ratio increases.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 refers to the map, and estimates the capacity maintenance rate corresponding to the ratio of the integrated current value and the resistance increase rate as the current capacity maintenance rate of the battery 1 (step S7).
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 estimates the current deterioration degree of the battery 1 so that the deterioration degree of the battery 1 decreases as the ratio of the current integrated value increases. Thereby, the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 corrects the resistance deterioration degree calculated based on the internal resistance of the battery 1 so that the resistance deterioration degree becomes smaller as the cycle deterioration is larger, and the corrected resistance deterioration degree is Estimated as current degradation.
- the internal resistance of the battery 1 is calculated, the cycle deterioration of the battery 1 is managed, and the deterioration degree of the battery 1 is estimated based on the increasing rate of the internal resistance of the battery 1. And the estimated deterioration degree of the battery 1 is made small, so that cycle deterioration is large. Thereby, the estimation precision of the deterioration degree of the battery 1 can be improved.
- cycle deterioration is managed by calculating the current integrated value of the battery 1. Thereby, it is possible to easily grasp how the battery 1 is used.
- a map representing a correspondence relationship between the increase rate of the internal resistance, the current integrated value, and the deterioration degree is stored in advance, and the deterioration degree is estimated with reference to the map.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 calculates a deterioration degree corresponding to the increase rate of the internal resistance, corrects the calculated deterioration degree based on the current integrated value, and calculates the corrected deterioration degree as The degree of deterioration of the battery 1 may be estimated.
- a map representing a correspondence relationship between the increase rate of the internal resistance and the deterioration level is stored in advance.
- a correction coefficient for correcting the deterioration level is set in advance. The correction coefficient changes according to the current integrated value.
- the maximum value of the correction coefficient is set to 1.0, and the correction coefficient decreases as the ratio of the current integrated value decreases.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 estimates the final deterioration degree by multiplying the deterioration degree calculated from the map by a correction coefficient. Thereby, when the internal resistance of the battery 1 reaches a certain internal resistance, the estimated deterioration degree becomes smaller as the cycle deterioration becomes larger.
- the set value of the correction coefficient may be a value other than 1.0, and the calculation method for correcting the degree of deterioration may be another method.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 may correct the increase rate of the internal resistance based on the integrated current value.
- a map representing a correspondence relationship between the increase rate of the internal resistance and the deterioration level is stored in advance.
- a correction coefficient for correcting the internal resistance increase rate is set in advance. The correction coefficient changes according to the current integrated value. The maximum value of the correction coefficient is set to 1.0, and the correction coefficient increases as the ratio of the integrated current value decreases.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 calculates the corrected internal resistance increase rate by multiplying the increase rate of the internal resistance by a correction coefficient. The smaller the ratio of the integrated current value, the greater the corrected internal resistance increase rate. Then, the degradation level estimation unit 40 refers to the map and estimates the degradation level corresponding to the corrected internal resistance increase rate as the final degradation level.
- the deterioration level estimation unit 40 may correct the deterioration level based on the temperature of the battery 1.
- the degree of deterioration of the battery 1 depends on the temperature, and the progress of deterioration varies depending on the temperature of the battery 1.
- the battery 1 has a characteristic that it easily deteriorates at a certain temperature and hardly deteriorates at other temperatures.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 stores a correction coefficient that represents the relationship between deterioration and temperature, and performs correction based on the temperature by multiplying the deterioration degree estimated as described above by the correction coefficient. Thereby, the estimation precision of a deterioration degree can be raised.
- the deterioration degree correction method may be a calculation method using a map in addition to a method of multiplying by a correction coefficient.
- the temperature of the battery 1 may be detected by a sensor provided in the battery 1.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 may correct the deterioration degree based on the state of charge (SOC: State of Charge) of the battery 1.
- SOC State of Charge
- the degree of deterioration of the battery 1 depends on the SOC, and the degree of progress of the deterioration varies depending on the SOC of the battery 1 (the SOC when the battery 1 is stored and the SOC when the battery 1 is used). .
- the battery 1 has a characteristic that it is easily deteriorated with a certain SOC and hardly deteriorated with another SOC.
- the deterioration level estimation unit 40 stores a correction coefficient representing the relationship between the SOC and the temperature, and performs correction based on the SOC by multiplying the deterioration level estimated as described above by the correction coefficient. Thereby, the estimation precision of a deterioration degree can be raised.
- the deterioration degree correction method may be a calculation method using a map in addition to a method of multiplying by a correction coefficient.
- the SOC of the battery 1 may be obtained by calculation using the detection value of the current sensor 3 or the detection value of the voltage sensor 4.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the battery controller 10.
- the battery controller 10 includes an internal resistance management unit 20, a deterioration degree estimation unit 40, and a storage deterioration management unit 50.
- the configuration of the internal resistance management unit 20 is the same as the configuration of the internal resistance management unit 20 according to the first embodiment.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 manages the storage deterioration of the battery 1.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 manages the storage deterioration of the battery 1 by measuring the elapsed time of the battery 1 using a timer.
- the storage deterioration is deterioration that progresses with time due to a chemical reaction between the battery electrode and the electrolyte.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 measures the elapsed time after the electrode touches the electrolyte, and obtains the current storage deterioration based on the elapsed time.
- the storage deterioration managed by the storage deterioration management unit 50 is storage deterioration from when the electrode touches the electrolyte until the current time.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 measures the time from when the electrode touches the electrolyte to the current time as the elapsed time, and calculates the storage deterioration based on the elapsed time.
- FIG. 5 shows the characteristics of storage deterioration.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing temporal characteristics of storage deterioration.
- the horizontal axis represents the square root of time
- the vertical axis represents the capacity retention rate and the degree of deterioration of storage.
- the characteristics shown in FIG. 5 can be acquired by a general storage test for battery evaluation.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 stores a map representing the relationship between elapsed time and storage deterioration.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 refers to this map and calculates the deterioration degree corresponding to the elapsed time as the storage deterioration.
- the deterioration level estimation unit 40 stores in advance a correspondence relationship between the resistance increase rate, the storage deterioration level, and the capacity maintenance rate as a map.
- the capacity retention rate decreases as the resistance increase rate increases.
- the resistance increase rate is set to a constant value
- the capacity retention rate decreases as the storage deterioration degree increases.
- the degradation level estimation unit 40 refers to the map and estimates the capacity maintenance rate corresponding to the storage degradation level and the resistance increase rate as the current capacity maintenance rate of the battery 1.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 estimates the current deterioration degree of the battery 1 so that the deterioration degree of the battery 1 increases as the storage deterioration degree increases.
- the deterioration degree estimation unit 40 corrects the resistance deterioration degree calculated based on the internal resistance of the battery 1 so that the resistance deterioration degree becomes larger as the storage deterioration is larger. Estimated as current degradation.
- the internal resistance of the battery 1 is calculated, the storage deterioration of the battery 1 is managed, and the deterioration degree of the battery 1 is estimated based on the increasing rate of the internal resistance of the battery 1. Then, as the storage deterioration is larger, the estimated deterioration degree of the battery 1 is increased. Thereby, the estimation precision of the deterioration degree of the battery 1 can be improved.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 measures time using a timer mounted on the vehicle, the time from when the electrode touches the electrolyte in the battery manufacturing process to when the vehicle timer starts timing is Cannot keep time. Therefore, the time from when the electrode touches the electrolyte to when the time measurement is started by the vehicle timer is managed as a certain time, and the certain time is added to the time measured by the timer. The time from when the electrode touches the electrolyte to when the time is started by the vehicle timer is minimal as compared to the life of the battery 1 and may be ignored for simplicity.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 may correct the storage deterioration based on the temperature of the battery 1.
- the storage deterioration has temperature dependence as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the time characteristic of the deterioration coefficient.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 indicates the square root of time, and the vertical axis indicates the deterioration coefficient.
- the deterioration coefficient is a coefficient multiplied by the capacity maintenance rate. The smaller the degradation coefficient, the smaller the capacity maintenance rate and the greater the degree of degradation. Further, if the time is the same length, the deterioration coefficient decreases as the temperature increases.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 stores in advance a correction coefficient that represents the relationship between storage deterioration and temperature. This correction coefficient corresponds to the deterioration coefficient.
- the deterioration coefficient indicated by the characteristic in FIG. 6 is a coefficient that is multiplied by the capacity maintenance ratio, but the correction coefficient is set to a coefficient that can calculate the degree of deterioration while maintaining the relationship indicated by the characteristic in FIG. .
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 stores the temperature information output from the temperature sensor of the battery 1 in the memory based on the time information of the timer and the frequency of the temperature so far in units of a certain period.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 corrects the storage deterioration degree using the temperature information stored in the memory. Specifically, for example, the storage deterioration management unit 50 obtains the time during which the battery 1 has been exposed to the temperature using the stored frequency occurrence frequency information. Next, the storage degradation management unit 50 calculates a storage degradation level for the obtained time, and multiplies the storage degradation level by a correction coefficient.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 performs the same calculation for each temperature section, and calculates the storage deterioration degree for each section.
- the storage degradation management unit 50 calculates the final storage degradation level by integrating the storage degradation levels for each section. Accordingly, the storage deterioration management unit 50 corrects the storage deterioration based on the temperature of the battery 1. In the present embodiment, by applying temperature sensitivity to storage deterioration of the battery 1, the calculation accuracy of the storage deterioration degree can be increased.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 may correct the storage deterioration based on the SOC of the battery 1. As a characteristic of the battery 1, the storage deterioration has a dependency on the SOC as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the time characteristic of the deterioration coefficient.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 7 indicates the square root of time, and the vertical axis indicates the deterioration coefficient.
- the deterioration coefficient is the same as the deterioration coefficient shown in FIG. The smaller the degradation coefficient, the smaller the capacity maintenance rate and the greater the degree of degradation. Further, if the time is the same length, the deterioration coefficient decreases as the SOC increases.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 stores in advance a correction coefficient representing the relationship between storage deterioration and SOC.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 stores the SOC in the memory in units of a predetermined period based on the SOC frequency so far based on the time information of the timer.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 corrects the storage deterioration level using the SOC information stored in the memory. Specifically, for example, the storage deterioration management unit 50 obtains the time that the battery 1 has maintained the SOC using the stored SOC frequency information. Next, the storage degradation management unit 50 calculates a storage degradation level for the obtained time, and multiplies the storage degradation level by a correction coefficient.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 performs the same calculation for each SOC section, and calculates the storage deterioration degree for each section. Then, the storage degradation management unit 50 calculates the final storage degradation level by integrating the storage degradation levels for each section. Thereby, the storage deterioration management unit 50 corrects the storage deterioration based on the SOC of the battery 1. In the present embodiment, by applying the SOC sensitivity to the storage deterioration of the battery 1, the calculation accuracy of the storage deterioration degree can be increased.
- the storage deterioration management unit 50 may correct the storage deterioration degree based on the temperature and SOC of the battery 1 by combining the two modifications described above.
- the above-described storage degradation management unit 50 corresponds to the degradation management unit of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る劣化度推定装置のブロック図である。劣化度推定装置は、バッテリを有する車両等に設けられている。なお、劣化度推定装置は、車両に限らず、バッテリを備えた他の装置に設けられてもよい。
図4を用いて、本発明の他の実施形態に係る劣化度推定装置を説明する。本実施形態では、上述した第1実施形態に対して、バッテリ1の保存劣化を管理し、保存劣化の大きさに応じて、バッテリ1の劣化度を推定する点が異なる。これ以外の構成は上述した第1実施形態と同じであり、その記載を援用する。図4は、バッテリコントローラ10のブロック図である。
2…負荷
3…電流センサ
4…電圧センサ
10…バッテリコントローラ
20…内部抵抗管理部
21…内部抵抗検出部
22…抵抗増加率算出部
30…劣化管理部
31…実電流積算値算出部
32…時間管理部
33…基準電流積算値算出部
34…積算値比率算出部
40…劣化度推定部
50…保存劣化管理部
Claims (8)
- バッテリの内部抵抗を検出する内部抵抗検出部と、
前記バッテリのサイクル劣化又は前記バッテリの保存劣化の少なくともいずれか一方の劣化を管理する劣化管理部と、
前記内部抵抗の増加率に基づき前記バッテリの劣化度を推定劣化度として推定する劣化度推定部とを備え、
前記劣化度推定部は、
前記劣化管理部が前記サイクル劣化を管理する場合には、前記サイクル劣化が大きいほど、前記推定劣化度を小さくし、
前記劣化管理部が前記保存劣化を管理する場合には、前記保存劣化が大きいほど、前記推定劣化度を大きくする
劣化度推定装置。 - 前記劣化管理部は、前記バッテリの電流積算値を算出することで、前記サイクル劣化を管理する
請求項1記載の劣化度推定装置。 - 前記劣化度推定部は、
前記内部抵抗の増加率、前記電流積算値、及び、前記推定劣化度の対応関係を表すマップを記憶し、前記マップを参照して前記推定劣化度を推定する
請求項2記載の劣化度推定装置。 - 前記劣化度推定部は、前記電流積算値に基づき前記内部抵抗の増加率を補正する
請求項2又は3記載の劣化度推定装置。 - 前記劣化度推定部は、
前記内部抵抗の増加率に対応する前記バッテリの劣化度を基準劣化度として演算し、前記電流積算値に基づき前記基準劣化度を補正し、補正された前記基準劣化度を前記推定劣化度として推定する
請求項2又は3記載の劣化度推定装置。 - 前記劣化度推定部は、前記バッテリの温度に基づき前記推定劣化度を補正する
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の劣化度推定装置。 - 前記劣化度推定部は、前記バッテリの充電状態に基づき前記推定劣化度を補正する
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の劣化度推定装置。 - バッテリの内部抵抗を検出し、
前記バッテリのサイクル劣化又は前記バッテリの保存劣化のいずれか一方の劣化を管理し、
前記内部抵抗の増加率に基づき前記バッテリの劣化度を推定劣化度として推定し、
前記サイクル劣化を管理する場合には、前記サイクル劣化が大きいほど、前記推定劣化度を小さくし、
前記保存劣化を管理する場合には、前記保存劣化が大きいほど、前記推定劣化度を大きくする
劣化度推定方法。
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