WO2016177924A1 - SÍNTESIS DIRECTA DE Cu-CHA MEDIANTE LA COMBINACIÓN DE UN COMPLEJO DE Cu Y TETRAETILAMONIO Y APLICACIONES EN CATÁLISIS - Google Patents
SÍNTESIS DIRECTA DE Cu-CHA MEDIANTE LA COMBINACIÓN DE UN COMPLEJO DE Cu Y TETRAETILAMONIO Y APLICACIONES EN CATÁLISIS Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016177924A1 WO2016177924A1 PCT/ES2016/070337 ES2016070337W WO2016177924A1 WO 2016177924 A1 WO2016177924 A1 WO 2016177924A1 ES 2016070337 W ES2016070337 W ES 2016070337W WO 2016177924 A1 WO2016177924 A1 WO 2016177924A1
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- direct synthesis
- material according
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 silicon halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HRFJEOWVAGSJNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetrazacyclotetradecane Chemical compound CN1CCCN(C)CCN(C)CCCN(C)CC1 HRFJEOWVAGSJNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- HJORMJIFDVBMOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N rolipram Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C2CC(=O)NC2)C=C1OC1CCCC1 HJORMJIFDVBMOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MDAXKAUIABOHTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCCNCCNC1 MDAXKAUIABOHTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002371 ultraviolet--visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YOUGRGFIHBUKRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004699 copper complex Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000000870 ultraviolet spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYFLTDAQTQLANS-UHFFFAOYSA-L [OH-].C(C)[N+](CC)(CC)CC.[OH-].C(C)[N+](CC)(CC)CC Chemical compound [OH-].C(C)[N+](CC)(CC)CC.[OH-].C(C)[N+](CC)(CC)CC LYFLTDAQTQLANS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/46—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition
- C01B39/48—Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/026—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/74—Noble metals
- B01J29/743—CHA-type, e.g. Chabazite, LZ-218
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/76—Iron group metals or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/72—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65 containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J29/76—Iron group metals or copper
- B01J29/763—CHA-type, e.g. Chabazite, LZ-218
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/02—Preparation of nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B39/00—Compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites; Their preparation; After-treatment, e.g. ion-exchange or dealumination
- C01B39/02—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof
- C01B39/04—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof; Direct preparation thereof; Preparation thereof starting from a reaction mixture containing a crystalline zeolite of another type, or from preformed reactants; After-treatment thereof using at least one organic template directing agent, e.g. an ionic quaternary ammonium compound or an aminated compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/94—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C31/00—Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C31/02—Monohydroxylic acyclic alcohols
- C07C31/04—Methanol
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
- B01D2255/502—Beta zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of direct synthesis of zeolite CHA in its silicoaluminate form with copper atoms, using the specific combination of the tetraethylammonium cation (TEA) as the directing agent of organic structure (ADEO) and a copper complex, with high synthesis yields.
- TAA tetraethylammonium cation
- ADEO organic structure
- the present invention also relates to the use as a catalyst of the zeolitic material synthesized in accordance with the present synthesis procedure.
- zeolite These materials are used as catalysts in numerous chemical processes, where the use of a certain zeolite with specific physical-chemical properties for a given chemical process will depend directly on the nature of the reagents and products involved in the process (such as size, shape, hydrophobicity ...) and also the reaction conditions. On the one hand, the nature of the reagents and products will affect the diffusion of these molecules in the pores and cavities of the zeolite, and consequently, the choice of the zeolite with a pore topology suitable for the products involved in the reaction is essential . On the other hand, the zeolite must be chemically and structurally stable under the required reaction conditions.
- RSC selective catalytic reduction
- the zeolite CHA in its silicoaluminate form containing Cu atoms, is an excellent catalyst in the selective catalytic reduction (RCS) of NOx using ammonia as a reducing agent in the presence of oxygen.
- RCS selective catalytic reduction
- the incorporation of Cu species conventionally, is carried out by post-synthetic ion exchange treatments of the previously synthesized and calcined zeolite. This procedure requires several steps, such as hydrothermal synthesis of silicoaluminate, calcination of the material to eliminate ADEO, transformation to the ammonium form, ion exchange of the metal, and finally, calcination to obtain the final zeolite with the desired metal. All these steps contribute to increase the total cost in obtaining the catalytic material.
- these Si / Al ratios in the final solids are smaller than those introduced in the synthesis gels, in particular the difference is greater when high Si / Al ratios are studied (for example, to obtain a Si / Al ratio in the solid final 7.6, a theoretical ratio in the gel of 17 is required, see example Cu-ZJM-1-35 in Table 1 of the publication Chem. Commum. 201 1, 47, 9783).
- These differences between the Si / Al ratios indicate that part of the Si species introduced into the synthesis medium remain in solution and are not able to be incorporated into the final solids, resulting in low solid yields (less than 50% when ratios are used Yes / At the age of 7).
- the preferred ADEO for the synthesis of zeolite CHA in its silicoaluminate form is the cation N, N, N-tri-methyl-1-adamantamonium (TMAdA) (Zones, US Patent 4544538, 1985, assigned to Chevron). Recently, the use of benzyltrimethylammonium (BzTMA) has also been described as an efficient ADEO for the synthesis of the silicoaluminate form of CHA (Miller et al., US Patent 8007764, 201 1, assigned to Chevron).
- TMAdA single organic molecule
- TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
- the direct synthesis of the CHA structure in its silicoaluminate form with copper atoms using a single organic molecule (TMAdA) is described next to a copper complex formed by a linear polyamine commercial (tetraethylenepentamine, TEPA) and a copper salt.
- TMAdA cation has a high cost, greatly increasing the process of obtaining the desired material, and limiting the possible commercial applications of this zeolite. Therefore, in spite of the advances shown in the direct synthesis of the CHA material in its silicoaluminate form containing copper atoms, there is still a need on the part of the industry to reduce the preparation costs of this material using other cheaper ADEOs for its preparation.
- the present invention relates to a new method of direct synthesis of the CHA zeolitic structure in its silicoaluminate form containing Cu atoms inside.
- This new procedure requires the combination of an organometallic copper complex with a commercial and economic ADEO, such as tetraethylammonium (ASD) capable of directing the crystallization of the CHA zeolitic structure.
- ASD tetraethylammonium
- the present invention also relates to the use of materials with zeolitic structure CHA in its silicoaluminate form containing synthesized copper atoms obtained according to the described methodology, as active catalysts for, for example, the selective catalytic reduction (RCS) of NO x .
- RCS selective catalytic reduction
- the present invention relates to a process for the direct synthesis of the material with CHA zeolitic structure in its silicoaluminate form containing copper atoms, comprising at least the following steps:
- b is in the range of 0.01 to 2; preferably between 0.1 to
- Y is a tetravalent element that may be preferably selected from Si, Sn, Ti, Ge and combinations thereof, and more preferably is Si.
- the source of Si used may be selected from silicon oxide, silicon halide, colloidal silica, smoked silica, tetraalkylortosilicate, silicate, silicic acid, a previously synthesized crystalline material, a previously synthesized amorphous material and combinations thereof and, more preferably , is a material selected from a previously synthesized crystalline material, a previously synthesized amorphous material and combinations thereof, and more preferably, a previously synthesized crystalline material.
- X is a trivalent element that may be preferably selected from Al, B, Fe, In, Ga and combinations thereof, and more preferably is Al.
- the source of Al used can be selected from any aluminum salt, any hydrated aluminum oxide, any aluminum alkoxide, a previously synthesized crystalline material, a previously synthesized amorphous material and combinations thereof, and more preferably, it is a selected material between a previously synthesized crystalline material, a previously synthesized amorphous material and combinations thereof, and more preferably, a previously synthesized crystalline material.
- the crystalline material with the zeolitic structure FAU can be used in (i) as the sole source of Y and X, preferably silicon and aluminum, and which can have a Si / Al ratio preferably greater than 7 .
- Y is Si and X is Al whereby the process for the direct synthesis of the material with zeolitic structure CHA in its silicoaluminate form containing copper atoms with high synthesis yields, would comprise At least the following steps:
- b is in the range of 0.01 to 2; preferably between 0.1 to
- any source of Cu can be used in (i).
- the copper source may be selected from nitrate, sulfate, oxalate salts, and combinations thereof, among others.
- the mixture formed in (i) is free of any phosphorus source.
- the mixture formed in (i) may be free of any source of fluorine.
- the source of alkaline or alkaline earth cations may be any source of these elements, and may preferably be selected from a source of Na, K, and combinations thereof.
- any polyamine or mixtures of different polyamines capable of forming a complex with copper atoms can be used in (i), regardless of their form (cyclic, linear, branched ...), and regardless of the nature of the amine (primary, secondary or tertiary).
- said polyamine may be selected from tetraethylene pentamine, triethylenetetramine, 1, 4.8, 11-tetracycotetradecane, 1, 4.8, 11-tetramethyl-1, 4.8, 11-tetraazacyclotetradecane, and combinations thereof, from others.
- the polyamine is tetraethylene pentamine.
- the crystallization process described in (ii) is preferably carried out in autoclaves, under conditions that can be static or dynamic (for example by stirring the mixture) at a temperature selected between 100 and 200 ° C preferably between 130 and 200 ° C and more preferably between 130 and 175 ° C; and a crystallization time that can be between 6 hours and 50 days preferably between 1 and 20 days, and more preferably between 2 and 15 days.
- a temperature selected between 100 and 200 ° C preferably between 130 and 200 ° C and more preferably between 130 and 175 ° C
- a crystallization time that can be between 6 hours and 50 days preferably between 1 and 20 days, and more preferably between 2 and 15 days.
- CHA crystals to the synthesis mixture, which act as seeds favoring the described synthesis, in an amount up to 25% by weight with respect to the total amount of oxides. These crystals can be added before or during the crystallization process.
- the resulting solid is separated from the mother liquor and recovered.
- the recovery step (iii) can be carried out by different known separation techniques such as, for example, decantation, filtration, ultrafiltration, centrifugation or any other solid-liquid separation technique, and combinations thereof.
- the process of the present invention may further comprise the removal of the organic content contained inside the material by means of an extraction process.
- the removal of the organic compound contained inside the material can be carried out by means of a heat treatment at temperatures above 25 ° C, preferably between 100 and 1000 ° C and for a period of time, preferably, between 2 minutes and 25 hours.
- at least one metal can be introduced by post-synthesis processes such as impregnation, ion exchange or combinations thereof. These metals are preferably selected from precious metals, and more preferably from Pt, Pd and combinations thereof, preferably being located in extra-net positions.
- any metal oxide containing at least one precious metal preferably selected from Pt, Pd, and combinations thereof, can be introduced.
- the material produced according to the present invention can be pelletized using any known technique.
- the material obtained according to the present invention can be calcined. Therefore, the zeolitic material with CHA structure can have the following molar composition after being calcined:
- Y is Si and X is Al, therefore, the zeolitic material with CHA structure could have the following molar composition after being calcined:
- the material obtained is Cu-SSZ-13.
- the zeolitic material with CHA structure obtained can also comprise a precious metal preferably selected from Pd, Pt and combinations thereof.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the materials described above and obtained according to the process of the present invention as catalysts for the conversion of feeds formed by organic compounds into products of higher added value, or as a molecular sieve for the removal / separation of currents (eg gas mixtures) by contacting the feeds with the material obtained.
- the material obtained in the present invention can be used as a catalyst in selective catalytic reduction (RCS) reactions of NOx (nitrogen oxide) in a gas stream.
- RCS selective catalytic reduction
- the NOx RCS will be carried out in the presence of reducing agents, preferably selected from ammonium, urea, hydrocarbons, and combinations thereof.
- reducing agents preferably selected from ammonium, urea, hydrocarbons, and combinations thereof.
- the selective catalytic reduction (RCS) of NOx can be carried out using a monolith as a substrate and applying a layer of the zeolitic material obtained according to the present invention so that the gas stream can pass through it carrying out the desired reaction.
- a layer of the zeolitic material obtained according to the present invention can be applied on other substrates, such as a filter through which the gas stream will pass.
- the material synthesized according to the present invention and containing a precious metal, such as Pt or Pd can be used as a catalyst for the selective oxidation of ammonia to nitrogen.
- the selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitrogen can be carried out using a monolith as a substrate and applying a layer of the zeolitic material obtained according to the present invention so that the gas stream can pass through it carried out the desired reaction.
- a layer of the zeolitic material obtained according to the present invention can be applied on other substrates such as a filter, among others, through which the gas stream will pass.
- the material described according to the present invention can be used in the conversion of methane to methanol (Wulfers, et al. Chem. Commun. 2015, 51, 4447).
- Figure 1 PXRD patterns of the Cu-silicoaluminatos materials with CHA structure synthesized according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 UV-Vis spectra of the Cu-silicoaluminatos materials with CHA structure synthesized according to the present invention.
- Example 1 Direct synthesis of Cu-silicoaluminate with CHA structure 1 122.2 mg of a 20% by weight aqueous solution of copper (II) sulfate (CuS0 4 , Alpha Aesar, 98%) are mixed with 266.2 mg of tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA , 98%, Sigma Aldrich) for the "in-situ" preparation of the organometallic copper complex, keeping the resulting mixture under stirring for 2 hours.
- II copper
- TEPA tetraethylenepentamine
- the final composition of the gel is Si0 2 : 0.047 Al 2 0 3 : 0.022 Cu (TEPA) 2+ : 0.4 TEAOH: 0.1 NaOH: 4 H 2 0.
- the resulting gel is transferred to an autoclave with a Teflon jacket. Crystallization is carried out at 160 ° C for 7 days under static conditions. The solid product is filtered, washed with plenty of water, dried at 100 ° C and finally calcined in air at 550 ° C for 4 h to remove organic debris. The solid yield achieved is greater than 90% (regardless of organic debris).
- the solid is characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, obtaining the characteristic peaks of the CHA structure (see Figure 1).
- the crystalline material obtained without calcining is characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy to study the stability of the molecules of the organometallic copper complex after the crystallization of the zeolite.
- the UV-VIS spectrum shows a single band centered at ⁇ 265 nm, which has been assigned to the presence of the intact Cu-TEPA complex inside the zeolithic structure (Franco, et al. 2013/159828, 2012).
- Example 2 Direct synthesis of Cu-silicoaluminato with CHA structure
- the final gel composition is Si0 2 : 0.047 Al 2 0 3 : 0.045 Cu (TEPA) 2+ : 0.4 TEAOH: 0.1 NaOH: 4 H 2 0.
- the resulting gel is transferred to an autoclave with a Teflon jacket. Crystallization is carried out at 160 ° C for 7 days under static conditions. The solid product is filtered, washed with plenty of water, dried at 100 ° C and finally calcined in air at 550 ° C for 4 h to remove organic debris. The solid yield achieved is greater than 90% (regardless of organic debris).
- the solid is characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, obtaining the characteristic peaks of the CHA structure (see Figure 1).
- Chemical analyzes of the sample indicate a Si / Al ratio of 10.3 and a copper content of 4.1% by weight.
- the crystalline material obtained without calcining is characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy to study the stability of the molecules of the organometallic copper complex after the crystallization of the zeolite.
- the UV-VIS spectrum shows a single band centered at ⁇ 265 nm, which has been assigned to the presence of the intact Cu-TEPA complex inside the zeolithic structure (Franco, et al. 2013/159828, 2012).
- Example 3 Direct synthesis of Cu-silicoaluminate with CHA structure
- the final gel composition is Si0 2 : 0.047 Al 2 0 3 : 0.045 Cu (TEPA) 2+ : 0.4 TEAOH: 0.2 NaOH: 13 H 2 0.
- the resulting gel is transferred to an autoclave with a Teflon jacket. Crystallization is carried out at 160 ° C for 7 days under static conditions.
- the solid product is filtered, washed with plenty of water, dried at 100 ° C and finally calcined in air at 550 ° C for 4 h to remove organic debris.
- the solid yield achieved is greater than 90% (regardless of organic debris).
- the solid is characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, obtaining the characteristic peaks of the CHA structure (see Figure 1).
- the crystalline material obtained without calcining is characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy to study the stability of the molecules of the organometallic copper complex after the crystallization of the zeolite.
- the UV-VIS spectrum shows a single band centered at ⁇ 265 nm, which has been assigned to the presence of the intact Cu-TEPA complex inside the zeolithic structure (Franco, et al. 2013/159828, 2012).
- Example 4 Catalytic tests for the RCS reaction of NO x
- the catalytic activity for the selective catalytic reduction of NO x is studied using a tubular, fixed-bed quartz reactor 1.2 cm in diameter and 20 cm long.
- the catalyst is compacted into particles between 0.25-0.42 mm in size, introduced into the reactor, and the temperature is increased to 550 ° C (see reaction conditions in Table 1); subsequently, that temperature is maintained for one hour under a flow of nitrogen. Once the desired temperature has been reached, the reaction mixture is fed.
- the NO x RCS is studied using NH 3 as a reducer.
- the NO x present at the outlet of the gases from the reactor is analyzed continuously by means of a chemiluminescent detector (Thermo 62C).
- the catalytic results are summarized in Table 2.
- Table 2 Conversion (%) of NOx at different temperatures (200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 ° C) using the Cu-CHA catalyst synthesized following the methodology described in the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
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CA2985128A CA2985128A1 (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | Cu-cha direct synthesis by means of combining a cu complex and tetraethylammonium and applications in catalysis |
US15/569,700 US10676367B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | Direct synthesis of Cu-CHA by means of combining a Cu complex and tetraethylammonium and applications in catalysis |
KR1020177033090A KR20180023890A (ko) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | Cu 복합체와 테트라에틸암모늄의 조합에 의한 cu-cha의 직접 합성 및 촉매에서의 적용 |
BR112017023663-0A BR112017023663A2 (pt) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | síntese direta de cu-cha por meio de combinação de um complexo cu e tetraetilamônio e aplicações em catálise. |
JP2017557354A JP2018514497A (ja) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | Cu錯体とテトラメチルアンモニウムの組合せによるcu−cha直接合成およびその触媒的使用 |
EP16728352.2A EP3293149B1 (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | Direct synthesis of cu-cha by means of combining a cu complex and tetraethylammonium and applications in catalysis |
CN201680025178.9A CN107750232B (zh) | 2015-05-05 | 2016-05-03 | 通过组合Cu络合物和四乙基铵直接合成Cu-CHA及其在催化中的应用 |
ZA2017/07109A ZA201707109B (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2017-10-19 | Direct synthesis of cu-cha by means of combining a cu complex and tetraethylammonium and applications in catalysis |
HK18109376.5A HK1249889A1 (zh) | 2015-05-05 | 2018-07-19 | 通過組合cu絡合物和四乙基銨直接合成cu-cha及其在催化中的應用 |
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EP3323785A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2018-05-23 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Crystalline zeolites with eri/cha intergrowth framework type |
CN110523432A (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2019-12-03 | 山东国瓷功能材料股份有限公司 | 含铜分子筛Cu-CHA及其催化剂、应用 |
US10941093B2 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2021-03-09 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Process for oxidation of a lower alkane at low temperatures in ammonia-containing gas mixtures |
US10954205B2 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2021-03-23 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Process for oxidation of a lower alkene at low temperatures in ammonia-containing gas mixtures |
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US20210138441A1 (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2021-05-13 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Stable CHA Zeolites |
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JP2018514497A (ja) | 2018-06-07 |
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US10676367B2 (en) | 2020-06-09 |
CA2985128A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
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CN107750232A (zh) | 2018-03-02 |
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EP3293149B1 (en) | 2021-01-13 |
ZA201707109B (en) | 2020-01-29 |
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