WO2016175560A1 - 전기화학소자용 전극 및 상기 전극을 제조하는 방법 - Google Patents
전기화학소자용 전극 및 상기 전극을 제조하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016175560A1 WO2016175560A1 PCT/KR2016/004422 KR2016004422W WO2016175560A1 WO 2016175560 A1 WO2016175560 A1 WO 2016175560A1 KR 2016004422 W KR2016004422 W KR 2016004422W WO 2016175560 A1 WO2016175560 A1 WO 2016175560A1
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device and a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device having excellent electrolyte impregnation and improved battery output and cycle characteristics, and a method of manufacturing the electrode.
- the secondary battery has recently been used as a power source for a device that requires a large amount of power, such as an electric vehicle (EV) or a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and its use area is also expanded to a power auxiliary power supply through gridization. It is becoming.
- EV electric vehicle
- HEV hybrid electric vehicle
- Lithium metal has been used as a negative electrode of a conventional secondary battery, but the reversible intercalation of lithium ions while maintaining structural and electrical properties while being known for a short circuit of the battery due to dendrite formation and the danger of explosion due to this is known ) And replaceable carbon-based compounds.
- the carbon-based compound has a very low discharge potential of about -3 V relative to the standard hydrogen electrode potential, and exhibits excellent electrode life due to the very reversible charge and discharge behavior due to the uniaxial orientation of the graphite layer. Indicates.
- the electrode potential during Li ion charging may exhibit a potential similar to that of pure lithium metal as 0 V Li / Li +, there is an advantage that higher energy can be obtained when configuring an oxide-based anode and a battery.
- the negative electrode for the secondary battery prepares one type of negative electrode active material slurry in which a carbon material, which is the negative electrode active material 13, and a conductive material and a binder are mixed as necessary, and then the slurry is monolayered on an electrode current collector 11 such as copper foil. It is prepared by the method of coating and drying. At this time, when the slurry is applied, the active material powder is pressed onto the current collector, and a rolling process is performed to uniform the thickness of the electrode.
- the porosity between the negative electrode active materials in the vicinity of the surface of the electrode may be reduced, thereby reducing the ion mobility inside the electrode. This phenomenon may become worse as the electrode thickness of the cathode becomes thicker, or as the density becomes higher.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode for an electrochemical device which is excellent in electrolyte impregnation and has improved cycle characteristics and output characteristics.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the electrode.
- An electrode according to the present invention includes an electrode current collector and an electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the electrode current collector, the electrode active material layer includes an electrode active material, and has a porosity of 20% to 55%, wherein the electrode
- the active material layer has a layered structure in which a plurality of active material single layers are laminated, and a barrier layer containing a polymer resin is formed between the respective active material single layers.
- the electrode active material layer may increase in porosity step by step and / or gradually along the thickness direction of the active material layer from the surface of the electrode current collector.
- the electrode active material layer is formed on the surface of the current collector
- the bottom electrode monolayer is formed on the surface of the electrode current collector and the uppermost electrode monolayer of n (n is an integer greater than 1) electrode monolayer on the upper surface of the bottom electrode monolayer, the surface of the current collector
- n is an integer greater than 1
- the n-electrode active material monolayer is a layered structure sequentially stacked, and the porosity may increase gradually and / or gradually from the lowermost electrode monolayer to the uppermost electrode monolayer along the thickness direction of the electrode.
- the porosity of the lowermost electrode monolayer may be 20% to 40%.
- the porosity of the top electrode monolayer may be 30% to 50%.
- the top electrode monolayer may have a pore diameter of 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m based on the longest pore diameter of 90% or more of the pores.
- the electrode active material layer may increase the rolling density of the particles stepwise and / or gradually from the bottom electrode monolayer to the top electrode monolayer along the thickness direction of the electrode.
- the diameter of the particles may increase in steps and / or gradually from the bottom electrode monolayer to the top electrode monolayer along the thickness direction of the electrode.
- the barrier layer is styrene butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene rubber, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, It may include one or more polymer resins selected from the group consisting of diacetyl cellulose.
- the barrier layer may have a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m.
- the polymer resin may have a glass transition temperature of -60 °C to 55 °C.
- the polymer resin may have a boiling point of 160 °C to 250 °C.
- the present invention also provides an electrode assembly for an electrochemical device including a cathode, an anode, and a separator interposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the cathode and / or the anode have the above-described characteristics.
- the present invention provides an electrochemical device comprising the electrode assembly.
- the present invention comprises the steps of preparing a laminate comprising (S1) the electrode current collector and the active material single layer formed on the upper surface of the electrode current collector; (S2) forming a barrier layer on an upper surface of the active material monolayer; (S3) applying and drying an active material monolayer forming slurry on the upper surface of the barrier layer formed in the (S2); (S4) rolling the dried slurry to form an electrode active material monolayer; It provides an electrode manufacturing method for an electrochemical device comprising a.
- rolling of (S4) is performed by the method of hot rolling in the conditions of 80 degreeC-120 degreeC.
- the porosity of the lower electrode active material monolayer is lower than that of the upper electrode active material monolayer.
- Electrode according to the present invention is easy to penetrate the electrolyte to the inside, the electrolyte impregnation is high, there is an effect that the cycle characteristics and the output characteristics are significantly improved.
- the porosity of the lower electrode active material monolayer is not lowered by a process performed when the upper electrode active material monolayer is formed.
- FIG. 1 shows a cross section of an electrode for an electrochemical device according to the prior art.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 schematically illustrate a cross section of an electrode for an electrochemical device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a process flowchart of a method of manufacturing an electrode for an electrochemical device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an electrode manufacturing process according to one specific embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 shows the results of the resistance increase rate of the Examples and Comparative Examples according to the present invention.
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an electrochemical device, characterized in that the electrode active material layer has a layered structure in which a plurality of single active material layers having different porosities are stacked.
- Figure 2 schematically shows the cross-section of the electrode for an electrochemical device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the electrode according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
- the electrode 100 includes an electrode current collector 110 and an electrode active material layer 120 formed on at least one surface of the electrode current collector.
- the electrode may be a cathode and / or an anode. That is, the electrode structure having the characteristics according to the present invention in one battery may be applied to either the negative electrode and the positive electrode, or may be applied to both the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- the electrode active material layer has a porosity of about 20% to about 55%, or about 20% to about 45%, or about 25% to about 40%.
- porosity refers to the ratio of the volume of pores to the total volume in a structure, using% as its unit, interchangeable with terms such as porosity, porosity, etc. Can be.
- the measurement of porosity is not particularly limited and may be measured by, for example, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurement or mercury infiltration (Hg porosimeter) according to one embodiment of the present invention. .
- BET Brunauer-Emmett-Teller
- Hg porosimeter mercury infiltration
- the electrode active material layer 120 is a laminate in which two or more active material monolayers 120a, 120b, 120c... Are laminated, and the laminate includes a barrier layer 130 formed between each active material single layer. do.
- a first electrode active material single layer is formed on a surface of an electrode current collector, and an n (where n is an integer greater than 1) layer is formed on an upper surface of the first electrode active material single layer, wherein the current collector It has a layered structure in which n electrode active material single layers are sequentially stacked on the surface.
- each active material monolayer of the electrode active material layer has a different porosity.
- the electrode active material layer gradually and / or gradually increases porosity from the active material single layer adjacent to the surface of the electrode current collector toward the top of the active material layer along the thickness direction of the electrode.
- the first electrode monolayer has the lowest porosity among the electrode active material layers
- the nth electrode monolayer has the highest porosity
- the porosities of the second to n-1 layers are the first layer and the nth layer.
- the porosity value is increased gradually and / or stepwise from the second layer to the n-1 layer along the thickness direction.
- the porosity of the lower electrode monolayer is lower than that of the upper electrode monolayer.
- FIG. 3 exemplarily illustrates an electrode having three electrode active material monolayers and a barrier layer between each monolayer in one specific embodiment of an electrode for an electrochemical device according to the present invention.
- the porosity of each active material monolayer in the electrode active material layer tends to increase gradually stepwise and / or upward along the thickness direction in the electrode monolayer (lowest electrode monolayer) adjacent to the current collector.
- the porosity of the top electrode monolayer in the electrode active material layer is 30% to 50%, or 35% to 45%. If the porosity does not reach the above-mentioned range, the electrolyte may not be rapidly introduced into the interior through the pores of the electrode surface, and thus, the time required for initial activation may be increased, and the cycle of the battery may not be achieved due to the inflow of the electrolyte. Characteristics or output characteristics may be degraded. On the other hand, when the porosity exceeds the above-mentioned range, the mechanical strength of the electrode surface is lowered and the active material particles may be easily dropped by external impact.
- the porosity of the lowermost electrode monolayer in the present invention is 20% to 40%, or 25% to 35%. If the porosity does not fall within the above-mentioned range, the filling degree of the active material of the lowermost electrode monolayer becomes too high so that sufficient electrolyte solution capable of exhibiting ionic conductivity and / or electrical conduction between the active materials cannot be maintained, resulting in output characteristics or cycle characteristics. Can be degraded. On the other hand, if it has an excessively high porosity in the above range, there is a problem that the physical and electrical connection with the current collector is lowered, the adhesive force is lowered and the reaction is difficult.
- the porosity of the middle electrode monolayer in the electrode active material layer may have a value equal to that of the lower electrode monolayer or the same as that of the upper electrode monolayer or between the porosity of the lower electrode monolayer and the porosity of the upper electrode monolayer.
- the porosity gradient of the active material layer can be achieved by varying the size and distribution of pores present in each active material monolayer.
- the pore size of the upper monolayer in two adjacent electrode active material monolayers in the electrode active material layer is larger than that of the lower monolayer.
- the top electrode monolayer is at least about 90% of the pores formed are mesopores having a pore diameter of 10 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m based on the longest diameter.
- the lowermost electrode monolayer is that the mesopores in the above range of the formed pores is less than about 50%.
- the porosity may be affected by the size of the active material particles contained in each electrode monolayer.
- the electrode active material monolayer has a different particle size distribution, and the average particle diameter D50 of the active material particles included in the upper monolayer in two adjacent electrode active material monolayers in the electrode active material layer is included in the lower monolayer. It is larger than the average particle diameter D50 of an active material particle.
- the rolling strength of the active material particles of the upper electrode monolayer is higher than that of the active material particles of the lower electrode monolayer.
- the rolling density is to compare the degree of deformation of the particles of the active material, and when the rolled at the same pressure, the lower the rolling density value, the better the compressive strength.
- the rolling density measurement can be measured, for example, using a powder resistance meter MCP-PD51 of Mitsubishi Chemical. In the case of the powder resistance meter, a constant amount of active material powder is put in a cylinder type load cell, and a force is continuously applied. At this time, the density is measured while the particles are pressed.
- the electrode active material layer of the present invention may form an interlayer gradient in the porosity of each layer by using active material particles having different particle diameters and / or rolling densities, and the interlayer gradient of the porosity is determined by the electrode active material layer. It gradually decreases from the top electrode monolayer to the bottom electrode monolayer.
- the present invention increases the porosity of the upper monolayer compared to the lower monolayer and serves to improve the rate of moisture wetting of the electrolyte and the rate of delivery of lithium ions. It is possible to prevent damage to the negative electrode active material layer during the rolling process and to improve the pore structure inside the electrode.
- the barrier layer is formed between each electrode active material single layer, and when forming the upper electrode active material single layer on the upper surface of the barrier layer to prevent the structure of the lower single layer is deformed.
- the binder of the lower monolayer is melted when the coating process is performed on the upper monolayer, and the composition of the lower monolayer may be changed and the structure may be deformed and / or collapsed.
- the electrode according to the present invention thus comprises a barrier layer between each active material monolayer to maintain the composition of the lower monolayer and to prevent deformation and / or collapse of the structure.
- the barrier layer includes a polymer resin.
- the polymer resin is an aqueous polymer resin, and preferably is an aqueous polymer resin having binding properties for binding of upper and lower monolayers.
- the aqueous polymer resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer resin dispersed in a predetermined size in an aqueous system (water), and may be a polymer polymer particle formed by dispersion polymerization, emulsion polymerization or suspension polymerization.
- the aqueous polymer resin may include styrene butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene rubber, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and polyacrylic acid (PAA), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, poly One or a combination of two or more thereof selected from vinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose and diacetyl cellulose may be used, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the water-based polymer resin is a glass transition temperature is -60 °C to 55 °C or -50 °C to 45 °C.
- the aqueous binder has a boiling point of 160 ° C to 250 ° C or 170 ° C to 240 ° C.
- the polymer resin melted by heating during the rolling process of the upper active material monolayer and may be introduced into the pores of the lower electrode active material monolayer to close the pores of the lower electrode monolayer.
- the barrier layer may be formed to a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m or 1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
- the barrier layer since the barrier layer is composed of polymer particles, it exhibits a porous property and does not interfere with the inflow or outflow of the electrolyte or the conduction of ions and electrons.
- 4 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode active material layer on which a barrier layer is formed.
- the negative electrode may include a negative electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material, and may further include various additives for improving negative electrode properties such as a dispersant.
- the negative electrode active material may include a carbon-based material.
- the carbonaceous material can be used without particular limitation as long as lithium ions can be occluded and released.
- Non-limiting examples of such carbonaceous materials include low crystalline carbon selected from the group consisting of soft carbon and hard carbon; Or natural graphite, kish graphite, pyrolytic carbon, liquid phase pitch based carbon fiber, meso-carbon microbeads, liquid phase pitches and petroleum. And at least one high crystalline carbon selected from the group consisting of petroleum or coal tar pitch derived cokes.
- the positive electrode may include a positive electrode active material, a binder, and a conductive material, and may further include various additives for improving positive electrode properties such as a dispersant.
- the positive electrode active material for example, any one selected from the group consisting of LiMn 2 O 4 , LiCoO 2 , LiNiO 2 , LiFeO 2, and V 2 O 5 , or a mixture of two or more thereof is preferable. Moreover, it is good to use what can occlude and desorb lithium, such as TiS, MoS, an organic disulfide compound, or an organic polysulfide compound.
- the binder may include polyvinylidene fluoride, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, and the like
- the conductive material may include conductive crude materials such as acetylene black, furnace black, graphite, carbon fiber, and fullerene. have.
- the electrode current collector is stainless steel; aluminum; nickel; titanium; Calcined carbon; Copper; Stainless steel surface-treated with carbon, nickel, titanium, or silver (Ag); Aluminum-cadmium alloys; Non-conductive polymer surface-treated with a conductive material; And it may be one or two or more selected from the group consisting of a conductive polymer.
- the present invention provides a method of manufacturing the electrode.
- 5A to 5F schematically show the electrode manufacturing method of the present invention.
- a method of manufacturing the electrode will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5A to 5F.
- a current collector is prepared (FIG. 5A), and a slurry for a lower electrode active material monolayer is applied to one surface of the current collector and dried (FIG. 5B).
- the slurry may be prepared by adding an electrode active material and a conductive material to a binder solution in which a binder resin is added to a suitable solvent and mixed.
- the dried slurry is rolled (FIG. 5C) to form a lower electrode active material monolayer (FIG. 5D).
- a rolling process is performed and thus the porosity of the lower electrode monolayer is lowered, so that the lower electrode monolayer is formed higher than the porosity of the final lower monolayer.
- an organic polymer particle is dispersed in an aqueous solvent to prepare a water dispersion binder solution, and the solution is applied to the surface of the first active material monolayer and dried to form a barrier layer (FIG. 5E).
- the upper electrode active material monolayer slurry is coated on the upper surface of the barrier layer (FIG. 5F) and dried and rolled (FIG. 5G) to form an upper electrode monolayer (FIG. 5H).
- the lower electrode monolayer is again subjected to heat and pressure by rolling, so that the lower monolayer has a higher packing density of the active material particles than the upper monolayer, and thus the upper monolayer is relatively lower It may have a higher porosity than a monolayer.
- the rolling is preferably performed at a temperature of about 80 ° C. to 120 ° C. in consideration of the boiling point of the binder resin included in the barrier layer and the lower electrode single layer.
- a barrier layer and another upper monolayer may be formed on the upper surface of the upper monolayer, and the barrier layer and the formation of the upper active material monolayer may be repeatedly performed a predetermined number of times according to the design of the electrode active material layer.
- the electrode active material layer may have a porosity gradient between the active material layers according to the number of rolling processes performed. According to the above method, an electrode active material layer having a porosity gradient between electrode monolayers is used even when an electrode active material having the same particle diameter, rolling density, and component is used in each electrode monolayer, or an electrode monolayer forming slurry containing the same. There is an effect that can be produced.
- the porosity of the upper monolayer may be increased by using active material particles having a larger particle diameter than the lower monolayer in the upper monolayer.
- the present invention also provides a lithium secondary battery prepared by encapsulating a negative electrode having the above-described characteristics, a positive electrode, a separator, and an electrolyte in a battery case by a general method.
- the secondary battery according to the present invention exhibits high energy density, high output characteristics, improved safety and stability, it can be particularly preferably used as a constituent battery of a medium-large battery module. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a medium-large battery module including the secondary battery as a unit cell.
- the medium-large battery module may be preferably applied to a power source that requires high output and large capacity, such as an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, and a power storage device.
- PVdF as a binder
- NiNnCo tertiary compound LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2
- a conductive material Super-P 65 based on a mixture of 90: 5: 5
- a positive electrode slurry was prepared.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to the entire aluminum in a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, dried in a vacuum oven at 120 ° C., and pressed to form a first active material monolayer.
- the porosity of the first active material monolayer was 25%.
- the water-dispersible CMC was applied to the upper portion of the first active material single layer and dried to form a barrier layer having a thickness of about 2 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to the top surface of the barrier layer to a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, dried in a vacuum oven at 120 ° C., and pressed to form a second active material monolayer.
- the porosity of the entire positive electrode was 30%
- the porosity of the first active material single layer was about 25%
- the porosity of the second active material single layer was about 35%.
- PVdF as a binder
- NiMnCo ternary compound LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2
- conductive material Super-P 65
- a positive electrode slurry To prepare a positive electrode slurry. The positive electrode slurry was applied to an aluminum current collector to a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, dried in a vacuum oven at 120 ° C., and pressed to form a first active material monolayer. In this case, the porosity of the first active material monolayer was 25%.
- the water-dispersible CMC was applied to the upper portion of the first active material single layer and dried to form a barrier layer having a thickness of about 2 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode slurry was applied to the top surface of the barrier layer to a thickness of 100 ⁇ m, dried in a vacuum oven at 120 ° C., and pressed to form a second active material monolayer.
- the porosity of the entire positive electrode was 30%
- the porosity of the first active material monolayer was about 35%
- the porosity of the second active material monolayer was about 25%.
- a negative electrode It was dried in a vacuum oven for 2 hours or more to prepare a negative electrode.
- a polyolefin separator was interposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, and then injected into a pouch by injecting a 1: 1 ethylene carbonate (EC) and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) solution in a volume ratio of 1 M LiPF 6 dissolved therein.
- the cell was prepared. The resistance was measured while increasing the current at the same voltage using the prepared pouch cell.
- Example 1 Using the pouch cells obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the resistance was measured while increasing the current at the same voltage. 6 plots the experimental results. Referring to this, at the low current, the same resistance value was observed, and as the current was increased, the resistance of the pouch cell according to Comparative Example 1 was increased as compared with the battery of Example 1. This seems to be because the porosity of the electrode surface is low, it is difficult to enter the electrolyte.
- Electrode active material layer 120 120... Electrode active material layer 120. Electrode active material layer
- Electrode active material monolayer 120a, 120b, 120c, 120N... Electrode active material monolayer
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 전기화학소자용 전극이며,상기 전극은 전극 집전체 및 상기 전극 집전체의 적어도 일면에 형성된 전극 활물질층을 포함하며,상기 전극 활물질층은 전극 활물질을 포함하고, 20% 내지 55%의 기공도를 갖고,상기 전극 활물질층은 복수의 활물질 단층이 적층된 층상구조를 갖고 상기 각 활물질 단층 사이에는 고분자 수지를 포함하는 배리어층이 형성되어 있는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전극 활물질층은 상기 전극 집전체의 표면으로부터 활물질층의 두께 방향을 따라 기공도가 단계적으로 및/또는 점진적으로 증가하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 전극 활물질층은 전극 집전체의 표면에 최하부 전극 단층이 형성되고 상기 최하부 전극 단층의 상면에 제n (n은 1보다 큰 정수) 전극 단층인 최상부 전극 단층까지, 상기 집전체 표면에 n개의 전극 활물질 단층들이 순차적으로 적층된 층상구조이며, 최하부 전극 단층으로부터 전극의 두께 방향을 따라 최상부 전극 단층으로 갈수록 기공도가 단계적으로 및/또는 점진적으로 증가하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 최하부 전극 단층의 기공도는 20% 내지 40%인 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 최상부 전극 단층의 기공도는 30% 내지 50%인 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 최상부 전극 단층은 기공의 90% 이상이 최장 기공 직경을 기준으로 기공의 직경이 10㎛ 내지 20㎛인 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 전극 활물질층은 최하부 전극 단층으로부터 전극의 두께 방향을 따라 최상부 전극 단층으로 갈수록 입자의 압연밀도가 단계적으로 및/또는 점진적으로 증가하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 전극 활물질층은 최하부 전극 단층으로부터 전극의 두께 방향을 따라 최상부 전극 단층으로 갈수록 입자의 직경이 단계적으로 및/또는 점진적으로 증가하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배리어층은 스티렌부타디엔 러버, 아크릴로니트릴-부타디엔 러버, 아크릴로니트릴-부타디엔-스티렌 러버, 카르복시메틸셀룰로즈(CMC), 및 하이드록시프로필메틸셀룰로즈, 폴리비닐알코올, 히드록시프로필셀룰로오스, 디아세틸셀룰로오스로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택된 1종 이상의 고분자 수지를 포함하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 배리어층은 두께가 0.5㎛ 내지 5㎛인 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 유리전이온도가 -60℃ 내지 55℃인 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지는 비점이 160℃ 내지 250℃인 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극.
- 음극, 양극 및 상기 음극과 양극 사이에 개재되는 분리막을 포함하는 전기화학소자용 전극 조립체이며, 상기 음극 및/또는 양극은 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극 조립체.
- 제13항에 따른 전극 조립체를 포함하는 포함하는 전기화학소자.
- (S1) 전극 집전체 및 상기 전극 집전체의 상면에 형성된 활물질 단층을 포함하는 적층체를 준비하는 단계;(S2) 활물질 단층의 상면에 배리어층을 형성하는 단계;(S3) 상기 (S2)에서 형성된 배리어층의 상면에 활물질 단층 형성용 슬러리를 도포하고 건조하는 단계;(S4) 상기 건조된 슬러리를 압연하여 전극 활물질 단층을 형성하는 단계;를 포함하는 전기화학소자용 전극 제조 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,(S4)의 압연은 80℃ 내지 120℃의 조건에서 열간 압연의 방법으로 수행하는 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극 제조 방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,하부 전극 활물질 단층의 기공도가 상부 전극 활물질 단층의 기공도 보다 낮은 것인, 전기화학소자용 전극 제조 방법.
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PL3249720T3 (pl) | 2019-12-31 |
US10644346B2 (en) | 2020-05-05 |
EP3249720A4 (en) | 2018-09-26 |
JP2018507528A (ja) | 2018-03-15 |
EP3249720A1 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
JP6636050B2 (ja) | 2020-01-29 |
KR20160128834A (ko) | 2016-11-08 |
US20180097255A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
CN107534125A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
EP3249720B1 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
CN107534125B (zh) | 2021-05-25 |
KR101810185B1 (ko) | 2017-12-19 |
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