WO2016150025A1 - 一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 - Google Patents
一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016150025A1 WO2016150025A1 PCT/CN2015/083070 CN2015083070W WO2016150025A1 WO 2016150025 A1 WO2016150025 A1 WO 2016150025A1 CN 2015083070 W CN2015083070 W CN 2015083070W WO 2016150025 A1 WO2016150025 A1 WO 2016150025A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/58—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4
- C07D311/70—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 with two hydrocarbon radicals attached in position 2 and elements other than carbon and hydrogen in position 6
- C07D311/72—3,4-Dihydro derivatives having in position 2 at least one methyl radical and in position 6 one oxygen atom, e.g. tocopherols
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for extracting and separating mixed tocopherol from a vegetable oil deodorized distillate, and belongs to the field of chemical engineering and natural product separation.
- Natural Vitamin E is a commonly used medicine and health care product. It has become an international market due to its important antioxidant and physiological functions. An important vitamin variety with a wide range of uses and production and sales, and vitamins. Vitamin A is the three pillars of the vitamin series. The safety and physiological activity of natural vitamin E is much better than that of synthetic vitamin E, so the preparation of high content of natural vitamin E has important economic value. Vegetable oil is the main source of natural vitamin E, but its content is only 0.04 ⁇ 0.1%. Therefore, the direct extraction of mixed tocopherol from it has no industrial application value. The amount of mixed tocopherol in the by-product _ deodorized distillate produced in the vegetable oil refining process is generally higher than 2%, so the deodorized distillate is often the starting material in the mixed tocopherol extraction production.
- the vegetable oil deodorized distillate has complex components, including free fatty acids, neutral oils, natural vitamin E and phytosterols, as well as some odorous substances and pigments.
- the properties of the components are similar, and industrial production often has to It is subjected to a certain pretreatment, and the difference between the components is widened, and then the mixed tocopherol is obtained by using a separation means.
- the esterification method is a relatively common and mature means, and the vegetable oil deodorized distillate after esterification mainly contains fatty acid esters, mixed tocopherols and the like.
- the methods for purifying mixed tocopherols include multiple distillation methods, molecular distillation methods, adsorption chromatography, ion exchange methods, supercritical fluid extraction methods, and organic solvent extraction methods.
- CN101323607A utilizes an adsorption method to separate tocopherol by utilizing different adsorption properties of tocopherol and impurities on the adsorbent, but the adsorption amount is small, and the adsorbent needs to consume a large amount of solvent.
- Patent CN1382689 combines a urea-packing method and a saponification method to extract a natural mixed tocopherol from a soybean oil distillate, which removes a part of the fatty acid and the alcohol, and then saponifies and separates it with NaOH.
- the method has simple steps, but alkaline is easy to destroy tocopherol, and the extraction rate and purity of the same tocopherol are not high.
- Patent US3108120, US6706898, JP60048981A, US4550183, EP0171009, US31 53055 and CN103467431A, etc. use solvent extraction method to concentrate and mix tocopherol.
- the extraction method has the advantages of simple equipment and easy operation, but most of the extractants used in the report are Conventional organic solvents, such as acetone, petroleum ether, methanol, etc., have poor extraction selectivity, low concentration ratio and low yield, and low product purity. technical problem
- the present invention provides a method for separating and preparing a high content of mixed tocopherol by lyotropic liquid crystal extraction, and solves the problem that the high content of mixed tocopherol can not be separated by high efficiency and low energy consumption in the prior art, and is environmentally friendly. Problem solution
- a method for separating and preparing a high content mixed tocopherol by lyotropic liquid crystal extraction comprises the following steps:
- the esterified or de-acidified vegetable oil deodorized distillate is dissolved in a weakly polar organic solvent to prepare a raw material liquid; the ionic liquid or surfactant is mixed with a polar diluent to form a solvent Liquid crystal; using the lyotropic liquid crystal as an extracting agent, separating and purifying the raw material liquid by countercurrent extraction or fractional extraction to obtain mixed tocopherol.
- Dispersing an ionic liquid or surfactant with a polar diluent into a lyotropic liquid crystal means mixing the ionic liquid with a polar diluent or mixing the surfactant with a polar diluent.
- the ionic liquid may be mixed and dispersed with a polar diluent or a surfactant and a polar diluent into a lyotropic liquid crystal by stirring, shearing, shaking or ultrasonication.
- the ionic liquid in the present invention is an anionic surface active ionic liquid or a cationic surface active liquid, and the anionic surface active ionic liquid and the cationic surface active ionic liquid are both composed of a cationic M ⁇ and an anionic N - .
- the cation is a substituent-containing imidazolium cation, a pyridinium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, a quaternary phosphonium cation, a pyrrole cation or a piperidine cation
- the substituent is an alkyl group having a carbon chain length of 1-4, an olefin group or a An alkyl group of a hydroxy substituent; that is, an imidazolium cation, a pyridinium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, a quaternary phosphonium cation, a pyrrole cation, and a piperidine cation each containing the substituent;
- the anion N - is a carboxylate anion having a long carbon chain, an amino acid anion of a long carbon chain, an anion of a long chain sulfonic acid, a long chain sulfate anion or a long chain phosphate anion.
- the cation is an imidazolium cation, a pyridinium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, a quaternary phosphonium cation, a pyrrole cation or a piperidine cation having a long straight carbon chain substituent; that is, an imidazolium cation, a pyridinium cation, a quaternary ammonium cation, a quaternary phosphonium cation, a pyrrole
- Both the cation and the piperidine cation contain a long straight carbon chain substituent, and the long straight carbon chain means that the carbon number is ⁇ 8;
- the anion N - is a halide ion, a perchlorate ion, a dihydrogen phosphate ion, a hydrogen sulfate ion, a nitrate ion, a short chain carboxylate anion or a short chain amino acid anion.
- the surfactant is a nonionic surfactant, an anionic surfactant or a zwitterionic surfactant.
- the nonionic surfactant is a nonionic surfactant containing a saturated or unsaturated long straight carbon chain (carbon number ⁇ 8), for example, a long-chain fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, a long-chain fatty acid polyoxyethylene An ether or fatty acid methyl ester polyoxyethylene ether;
- the anionic surfactant is a carboxylate, an alkyl sulfate, a phosphate, and an alkyl sulfonate anionic surfactant having a cation of a metal ion, for example, dodecyl Sodium sulfonate, potassium laurate, etc.
- the zwitterionic surfactant is a betaine type, imidazoline type or amino acid type zwitterionic surfactant containing a long carbon chain (carbon number ⁇ 8
- Surfactants are substances having amphiphilic properties, ie, a "hydrophilic" head group and a "hydrophobic" tail, thereby enabling hydrophobic interaction through the tail in a polar solvent such as water or a non-polar solvent. Electrostatic interaction with the head group to form various types of aggregate structures (micelles, microemulsions, liquid crystals, etc.), which have good solubilizing ability for some substances which have little or no solubility in conventional solvents. .
- the ionic liquid as an ionic compound, also possesses the properties of an anionic surface active or cationic surfactant when the structure contains a hydrophobic long carbon chain enthalpy.
- the structure of the ionic liquid By designing the structure of the ionic liquid, it has the ability to form agglomerated structure with the strong affinity with tocopherol, forming a liquid crystal aggregate structure in an organic solvent, and forming an extraction system with a weakly polar organic solvent. Relying on the specific structure in the ionic liquid and the liquid crystal structure formed in the extraction phase synergistically increases the partitioning of tocopherol in the extract phase.
- the present invention has found through a series of scientific experiments that a long carbon chain ionic liquid or a surfactant can form an aggregate structure such as an emulsion or a liquid crystal by self-assembly in a polar solvent, and these lyotropic liquid crystal extractants have both microstructures.
- Strong hydrogen bonding interface which can form selective hydrogen bonding interaction with the phenolic hydroxyl group of tocopherol, and nanometer-sized hydrophobic alkyl aggregation structure, which can form strong hydrophobic interaction with weakly polar tocopherol.
- the lyotropic liquid crystal extractant exhibits a very high tocopherol extraction capacity, concentration of 100mg / ml ⁇ , tocopherol in a weak polar solvent - lyotropic liquid crystal extractant
- the partition coefficient in the two phases is as high as 50-60, which is 800-1000 times that of conventional organic solvents, conventional ionic liquids, and oligomer extractants.
- the partition coefficient of lyotropic liquid crystal extractant composed of choline lauric acid ionic liquid and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can reach 49.52, respectively, and tetraethyl quaternary ammonium lauric acid ionic liquid and DMSO
- the partition coefficient of the lyotropic liquid crystal extractant is as high as 54.21.
- the lyotropic liquid crystal has good back extraction performance, and the liquid crystal structure can be destroyed by adding an excessive amount of polar solvent, and the tocopherol is released to achieve high-efficiency back extraction.
- the ionic liquid is a long-chain fatty acid radical (carbon number ⁇ 8), choline, tetraethyl quaternary ammonium long-chain fatty acid salt (carbon number ⁇ 8), 1-ethyl-3 -methylimidazole long-chain fatty acid salt (carbon number ⁇ 8), tetraethyl quaternary phospholong long-chain fatty acid salt (carbon number ⁇ 8), tetraethyl quaternary phosphododecyl sulfonate, N-ethyl Pyridyl lauryl hydrogen sulfate, N-butyl-N-methylpiperidine dodecyl phosphate dihydrogen salt, 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazole long-chain fatty acid salt (carbon number ⁇ 8 , N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidine tetradecanoate, 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium dodec
- the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, nonylphenol ethoxylate or sodium dodecylaminopropionate.
- the molar fraction of the ionic liquid or surfactant in the extractant is 5 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
- the ionic liquid or surfactant has the lowest concentration of the aggregate structure in the polar diluent, so the content of the ionic liquid or surfactant is required to be high enough to ensure the formation of liquid crystal, and it is found through experiments that when the ionic liquid or surfactant accounts for
- the lyotropic liquid crystal obtained by the molar percentage of the extracting agent is 5% to 50%, and the ionic liquid has a high molar fraction, and the liquid crystal phase has a high viscosity, which is not favorable for the extraction mass transfer.
- the extraction process in the present invention may be a countercurrent extraction or a fractionation extraction process, and the two processes operate as follows:
- lyotropic liquid crystal as an extracting agent, introducing an extractant at the top of the extraction tower, passing the raw material liquid at the bottom of the column, collecting the extract liquid flowing out from the bottom of the column; adding one or several kinds to the extract obtained above
- the polar organic solvent or elevated temperature destroys the original lyotropic liquid crystal structure in the extracted phase, and is back-extracted with a fresh weak polar solvent.
- the stripped extract is subjected to vacuum distillation, water washing and drying to obtain a high-purity mixed tocopherol.
- the remaining extractant can be recycled after being distilled under reduced pressure to remove the polar diluent.
- the polar organic solvent may be selected from methanol, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, N-methylpyrrolidone, water or ethylene glycol.
- an extractant is introduced at the top of the fractionation extraction column, a weakly polar organic solvent is introduced as a detergent at the bottom of the column, and a raw material liquid is introduced into the column for fractional extraction, and the bottom of the column is collected.
- the extract obtained by adding one or more polar organic solvents or increasing the temperature to destroy the original lyotropic liquid crystal structure in the extract phase, and performing back extraction with a fresh weak polar solvent, the back extract Distillation under reduced pressure High purity mixed tocopherol is obtained after washing with water and drying. The remaining extractant can be recycled after being distilled under reduced pressure to remove the polar diluent.
- the tocopherol can be better distributed in the extractant under the dual action of hydrogen bonding and liquid crystal structure to be better separated from impurities such as fatty acid methyl ester.
- impurities such as fatty acid methyl ester.
- To separate the tocopherol and ionic liquid or surfactant from the extract phase it is only necessary to destroy the liquid crystal structure in the extracted phase, restore the aggregated tocopherol to a free state, and then realize the tocopherol by back extraction of a weakly polar organic solvent. Stripping and recovery of ionic liquids or surfactants.
- the polar diluent is methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, N-methylpyrrolidone, water or ethylene glycol.
- the weakly polar organic solvent is n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether having a boiling range of 60 to 90 ° C or petroleum ether having a boiling range of 90 to 120 ° C.
- the operating temperature of the countercurrent extraction or fractional extraction is 10 to 50 °C. If the temperature is too low, the viscosity of the raw material solution, extractant and detergent will become large, which is not conducive to the production operation. If the temperature is too high, the distribution ratio and selectivity will be lowered, and the too high or too low temperature will need to be larger. Energy consumption is achieved, resulting in an increase in production costs.
- the vegetable oil deodorized distillate is a frequently seen esterification or removal of fatty acid pretreatment, which is a reaction product obtained by transesterification of a vegetable oil deodorized distillate with methanol or ethanol, or by molecular distillation.
- the main components thereof include fatty acid esters, tocopherols and a small amount of glycerides, alcohols, etc., wherein the total weight percentage of mixed tocopherols is 2% to 60%;
- the concentration of mixed tocopherol in the raw material liquid is 10 to 150 g/liter.
- the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
- the lyotropic liquid crystal extractant of the present invention has a high extraction capacity for tocopherol, and the amount of the extractant is significantly reduced and the number of theoretical plates required for extraction; and the lyotropic liquid crystal extractant used in the present invention At a higher The extraction efficiency and selectivity are still maintained at the raw material concentration, and the extraction efficiency of the conventional extractant decreases rapidly with the increase of the feed concentration.
- the preparation method of the lyotropic liquid crystal extracting agent is simple, stable, and easy to back-extract, and the recovery of the tocopherol can be achieved by destroying the aggregate structure in the lyotropic liquid crystal, which has a good application prospect.
- the present invention utilizes lyotropic liquid crystal extraction to obtain mixed tocopherol with a purity greater than 90% under optimized conditions, and the recovery rate of mixed tocopherol is above 90%.
- the invention adopts an ionic liquid and a surfactant with good biocompatibility as an extracting agent, and is environmentally friendly and environmentally friendly.
- 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium laurate is dissolved in acetonitrile to prepare an extract, wherein the molar fraction of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium laurate is 15%;
- the degraded vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 25% of mixed tocopherol) is dissolved in petroleum ether having a boiling range of 90 to 120 ° C to prepare a raw material liquid of 125 mg/ml.
- the extractant phase is subjected to a 3-stage fractionation extraction operation at 30 ° C under the conditions of an extractant, a detergent and a raw material flow ratio of 1:0.2:0.5, and a certain amount of DMF and acetonitrile is added thereto, and the boiling range is 90.
- the petroleum ether is de-extracted at ⁇ 120 °C, and the mixed tocopherol product is obtained by post-treatment steps such as evaporation, water washing and drying, and the purity is 95%, and the yield is 99 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
- the extract phase is collected by a 3-stage countercurrent extraction at 50 ° C under the condition of 1:5 ratio of the extractant to the raw material stream, and a certain amount of water and acetonitrile are added thereto, and the mixture is back-extracted with n-heptane, evaporated and washed with water.
- the post-treatment step of drying, etc. mixed the tocopherol product with a purity of 98% and a yield of 93%.
- tetraethyl quaternary phosphododecylsulfonate is dissolved in DMSO to prepare an extractant, wherein the mole fraction of tetraethyl quaternary phosphododecylsulfonate is 8%; the vegetable oil after esterification is taken
- the deodorized distillate (containing 13% of mixed tocopherol) was dissolved in n-hexane to prepare a raw material liquid of 20 mg/ml.
- the extractant, the detergent and the raw material flow ratio are 5:10:6, and subjected to a 4-stage fractionation extraction operation at 40 ° C, the extraction phase is collected, a certain amount of acetonitrile and methanol are added thereto, and the mixture is back-extracted with n-hexane. After the post-treatment steps of evaporation, water washing, drying, etc., the mixed tocopherol product has a purity of 99% and a yield of 98%.
- choline laurate is dissolved in methanol to prepare an extractant, wherein the molar fraction of choline laurate is 10%; the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 30% of mixed tocopherol) is dissolved in In n-hexane , formulated into a 20mg / ml raw material solution.
- the extract phase was collected by a 4-stage countercurrent extraction at 10 ° C at a ratio of 5:4 of the extractant to the raw material stream, and 2 volumes of DMSO and acetonitrile were added thereto, and 4 times the volume of n-hexane was used. Extract.
- the obtained stripping solution is subjected to post-treatment by evaporation, water washing, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 83% and a yield of 94%.
- N-butyl-N-methylpiperidine lauryl phosphate dihydrogen salt is dissolved in N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare an extract ij, wherein N-butyl-N-methylpiperidine
- the molar fraction of dialkyl dihydrogen phosphate is 9%; the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 5% mixed tocopherol) is dissolved in n-heptane to prepare a 10 mg/ml raw material solution.
- the extractant is prepared by dissolving 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium myristate in DMSO, wherein the molar fraction of 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetradecanoate is 50%
- the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 2% of mixed tocopherol) was dissolved in n-hexane to prepare a raw material liquid of 20 mg/ml.
- the extraction phase is collected by a 3-stage fractionation extraction operation at 40 ° C under the conditions of an extractant, a detergent and a raw material flow ratio of 1.5:4:0.1, and a double volume of water and acetonitrile are added thereto, and 5 times is used.
- the volume of n-hexane is back-extracted, and the obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, washing with water, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 94% and a yield of 99%.
- Example 11 The N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidine tetradecanoate is dissolved in DMF to prepare an extractant, wherein the molar fraction of N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidine tetradecanoate is 5%
- the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 40% of mixed tocopherol) was dissolved in ethyl acetate to prepare a 40 mg/ml raw material solution.
- the extractant, the detergent and the raw material flow ratio are 1.5:0.1:1, and subjected to a 4-stage fractionation extraction operation at 30 ° C, the extraction phase is collected, and a certain amount of N-methylpyrrolidone and acetonitrile are added thereto.
- the ethyl acetate was back-extracted, and the obtained stripping solution was subjected to evaporation, washing with water, and dried to give a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 93% and a yield of 92%.
- the dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride is dissolved in methanol to prepare an extractant, wherein the mole fraction of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride is 15%; the esterified vegetable oil is deodorized and distilled off
- the mixture (containing 25% of mixed tocopherol) was dissolved in n-hexane to prepare a raw material liquid of 20 mg/ml.
- the extract phase was collected by a second-stage countercurrent extraction at 10 ° C at a ratio of 5:10 of the extractant to the raw material stream, and a certain amount of methanol and acetonitrile were added thereto, and back-extracted with n-hexane.
- the obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, water washing, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 85% and a yield of 97%.
- the dodecyl chloride is dissolved in DMF to prepare an extractant, wherein the molar fraction of dodecylpyridinium chloride is 8%; the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (which contains mixed fertility) Phenol 50%), dissolved in n-heptane, formulated into a 15 mg/ml stock solution.
- extractant detergent and raw material flow ratio of 5:0.6:2, subjected to a 4-stage fractionation extraction operation at 30 ° C, the extraction phase is collected, and a certain amount of D MF and acetonitrile are added thereto, using n-heptane.
- the obtained stripping solution is treated by evaporation, water washing, drying, etc.
- the mixed tocopherol product has a purity of 98% and a yield of 93%.
- the petroleum ether of C is stripped, and the obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, washing with water, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 98 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 and a yield of 90 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
- Preparing an extractant by dissolving 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate in DMF, wherein the molar fraction of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate is 10%
- the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 5% mixed tocopherol) is dissolved in petroleum ether having a boiling range of 90-120 ° C to prepare a raw material liquid of 10 mg/ml.
- the extractant phase is subjected to a 4-stage fractionation extraction operation at 15 ° C under the conditions of an extractant, a detergent and a raw material flow ratio of 5:3:10, and a certain amount of water and acetonitrile are added thereto, and the boiling range is 90.
- the petroleum ether of ⁇ 120 °C is back-extracted, and the obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, washing, drying and the like to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 90% and a yield of 97 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4.
- the extracting agent is prepared by dissolving 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium alanine salt in acetonitrile, wherein the molar fraction of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium alaninate is 6%, the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (containing 33% of mixed tocopherol) was dissolved in n-hexane to prepare a raw material liquid of 20 mg/ml. Under the conditions of extractant, detergent and raw material flow ratio of 1.5:0.1:2, a 5-stage fractionation extraction operation was carried out at 20 ° C, and the extract phase was collected, and a certain amount of methanol and DMF were added thereto, and the mixture was extracted with n-hexane. The obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, washing with water, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 90% and a yield of 92%.
- the nonylphenol ethoxylate is dissolved in water to prepare an extractant, wherein the phenolic polyoxyethylene ether has a mole fraction of 12%; and the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (which contains mixed tocopherol 45) %), dissolved in n-hexane, formulated into a 10 mg/ml stock solution.
- the extractant, the detergent and the raw material flow ratio are 1.5:0.7:0.3, and the extracting phase is collected by a 4-stage fractionation extraction operation at 45 ° C, and a certain amount of water and ethylene glycol are added thereto, and n-hexane is used.
- the obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, washing with water, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 95% and a yield of 96%.
- the sodium dodecylaminopropionate is dissolved in water to prepare an extractant, wherein the molar fraction of sodium laurylaminopropionate is 6%; and the esterified vegetable oil deodorized distillate (which contains the mixture) Tocopherol 23%), dissolved in n-octane, formulated into 15mg/ml raw material solution.
- extractant detergent and raw material flow ratio 1:0.1:7
- the extraction phase is collected, a certain amount of methanol and water are added thereto, and n-octane is reversed.
- the obtained stripping solution is subjected to evaporation, washing with water, drying, etc. to obtain a mixed tocopherol product having a purity of 96% and a yield of 97%.
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Abstract
一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法,包括以下步骤:将经过酯化或脱除脂肪酸的植物油脱臭馏出物溶于弱极性有机溶剂中,配制成原料液;将离子液体或表面活性剂与极性稀释剂混合制成溶致液晶;以所述溶致液晶为萃取剂,通过逆流萃取或分馏萃取从所述原料液中分离纯化得到混合生育酚。本申请的溶致液晶萃取剂对生育酚的萃取容量高,可以显著降低萃取剂的用量以及萃取所需的理论板数;采用的溶致液晶萃取剂在较高的原料浓度下仍然能够保持高的萃取效率和选择性,可以得到纯度大于90%的混合生育酚,而且混合生育酚的回收率均在90%以上。
Description
说明书 发明名称:一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种植物油脱臭馏出物中混合生育酚的提取分离方法, 属于化学工 程和天然产物分离领域。
背景技术
[0002] 天然维生素 E (Natural Vitamin E) , 学名生育酚 (Tocopherols) , 又名混合生 育酚, 是一种常用药品及保健品, 由于其具有重要的抗氧化和生理功能, 目前 已成为国际市场上用途广泛、 产销量很大的重要维生素品种, 与维生素。、 维生 素 A—起成为维生素系列的三大支柱产品。 同吋天然维生素 E所具有的安全性和 生理活性远优于合成维生素 E, 故制备高含量天然维生素 E具有重要的经济价值 。 植物油是天然维生素 E的主要来源, 但其中的含量仅为 0.04~0.1%, 因此以其 为原料直接提取混合生育酚尚无工业应用价值。 而植物油精炼过程中产生的副 产物 _脱臭馏出物中混合生育酚的含量一般高于 2%, 因此脱臭馏出物往往是混 合生育酚提取生产中的初始原料。
[0003] 但是植物油脱臭馏出物组分复杂, 有游离脂肪酸、 中性油、 天然维生素 E和植 物甾醇, 还有一些臭味物质和色素等, 各组分性质相近, 工业生产中往往要对 其进行一定预处理, 拉大各组分之间的差异后再使用分离手段获得混合生育酚 。 其中酯化法是一种较常用也比较成熟的手段, 酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物中 主要含脂肪酸酯、 混合生育酚等。 混合生育酚的提纯的方法主要有多次蒸馏法 、 分子蒸馏法、 吸附层析法、 离子交换法、 超临界流体萃取法和有机溶剂萃取 法等。
[0004] 专利 US5512691、 US5582692、 US243218和 US5627289借助多次蒸馏以及分离 效率更高的精馏方法从酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物中分离得到较高含量的混合 生育酚。 该方法可以很好的将混合生育酚与低沸点的脂肪酸酯分离, 具有很高 的收率, 但很难将其与高沸点的甘油酯等分幵。 而且, 蒸馏和精馏需要消耗很
[0005] 专利 US5616735、 US5078920、 CN101445498A、 CN1775771、 CN1693472、 C N101153035、 CN101851561A、 CN103319446A、 CN101774997分别利用真空蒸 馏以及分子蒸馏法对酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物进行处理。 虽然分子蒸馏法的 浓缩比和收率较高, 但无法得到高含量的生育酚产品。
[0006] 专利 CN102432584A、 JP59167585、 US3122565、 CN1234703C
和 CN101323607A利用吸附法, 通过利用生育酚和杂质在吸附剂上吸附性能不同 来分离得到生育酚, 但吸附法的处理量较小, 且吸附剂再生需要消耗大量溶剂
[0007] 专利 US4939276、 JP5612383、 US3122565、 US5487817、 US3402182、 CN1018 51561A、 CN103012352A和 CN103709133A应用离子交换法获得高纯度的混合生 育酚, 但是用阴离子交换树脂的明显缺点是: 要使用大量的有机溶剂, 树脂再 生需要酸碱再生的过程, 产生大量废水, 同吋树脂的负载量较低。
[0008] 专利 US4550183、 US3122565、 US5371246、 CN1418877和 CN101074258等运用 到了超临界萃取及超临界色谱法等, 这是一种较为绿色的工艺方法, 此类方法 分离混合生育酚的条件温和, 产品使用安全性较高, 但该方法对于生育酚的萃 取选择性不高, 分离效率低, 而且设备复杂且价格昂贵, 经济可行性一般。
[0009] 专利 CN1382689中运用脲包法和皂化法相结合, 从大豆油馏出物中提取天然混 合生育酚, 脲包除去部分脂肪酸和 醇后, 再用 NaOH皂化分离。 本方法步骤简 单, 但碱性容易破坏生育酚, 同吋生育酚的提取率和纯度均不高。
[0010] 专利 US3108120、 US6706898、 JP60048981A、 US4550183、 EP0171009、 US31 53055和 CN103467431A等采用溶剂萃取的方法来浓缩混合生育酚, 萃取法具有 设备简单, 操作容易的优点, 但报道中所使用萃取剂多为传统的有机溶剂, 如 丙酮、 石油醚、 甲醇等, 其萃取选择性差, 浓缩比和收率较低, 产品纯度低。 技术问题
[0011] 本发明提供了一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法, 解决了现 有技术中无法高效低能耗分离得到高含量混合生育酚的问题, 且绿色环保。 问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0012] 一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法包括如下步骤:
[0013] 将经过酯化或脱除脂肪酸处理的植物油脱臭馏出物溶于弱极性有机溶剂中, 配 制成原料液; 将离子液体或表面活性剂与极性稀释剂混合, 制成溶致液晶; 以 所述溶致液晶为萃取剂, 通过逆流萃取或分馏萃取从所述原料液中分离纯化得 到混合生育酚。
[0014] 将离子液体或表面活性剂与极性稀释剂混合分散为溶致液晶是指将离子液体与 极性稀释剂混合或者将表面活性剂与极性稀释剂混合。
[0015] 本发明中可采用搅拌、 剪切、 震荡或超声作用将离子液体与极性稀释剂或表面 活性剂与极性稀释剂混合分散为溶致液晶。
[0016] 优选地, 本发明中所述离子液体为阴离子表面活性离子液体或阳离子表面活性 液体, 所述阴离子表面活性离子液体和阳离子表面活性离子液体均由阳离子 M ÷ 和阴离子 N -两部分组成。
[0017] 进一步的, 所述阴离子表面活性离子液体中:
[0018] 阳离子 为含有取代基的咪唑阳离子、 吡啶阳离子、 季铵阳离子、 季磷阳离 子、 吡咯阳离子或哌啶阳离子, 所述取代基为碳链长度为 1-4的烷基、 烯烃基或 含有羟基取代基团的烷基; 即咪唑阳离子、 吡啶阳离子、 季铵阳离子、 季磷阳 离子、 吡咯阳离子和哌啶阳离子均含有所述取代基;
[0019] 阴离子 N -为含有长碳链的羧酸阴离子、 长碳链的氨基酸阴离子、 长链磺酸阴离 子、 长链硫酸阴离子或长链磷酸阴离子。
[0020] 所述阳离子表面活性离子液体中:
[0021] 阳离子 为含有长直碳链取代基的咪唑阳离子、 吡啶阳离子、 季铵阳离子、 季磷阳离子、 吡咯阳离子或哌啶阳离子; 即咪唑阳离子、 吡啶阳离子、 季铵阳 离子、 季磷阳离子、 吡咯阳离子和哌啶阳离子均含有长直碳链取代基, 所述长 直碳链是指含碳数≥8;
[0022] 阴离子 N -为卤素离子、 高氯酸根离子、 磷酸二氢根离子、 硫酸氢根离子、 硝 酸根离子、 短链羧酸阴离子或短链氨基酸阴离子。
[0023] 优选地, 所述表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂、 阴离子表面活性剂或两性离子 表面活性剂。
[0024] 所述非离子表面活性剂为含有饱和或不饱和长直碳链 (碳数≥8) 的非离子表面 活性剂, 例如, 长链脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、 长链脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚或脂肪酸甲酯 聚氧乙烯醚; 所述阴离子表面活性剂为阳离子为金属离子的羧酸盐、 烷基硫酸 盐、 磷酸盐和烷基磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂, 例如, 十二烷基磺酸钠、 月桂酸 钾等; 所述两性离子表面活性剂为含有长碳链 (碳数≥8) 的甜菜碱型、 咪唑啉 型或氨基酸型两性离子表面活性剂, 例如十二烷基氨基丙酸钠、 十二烷基二甲 基甜菜碱等。
[0025] 表面活性剂是具有两亲性质的物质, 即具有 "亲水 "的头基和"疏水"的尾巴, 因 而在水等极性溶剂或者非极性溶剂中能够通过尾巴的疏水相互作用和头基的静 电相互作用形成多种类型的聚集结构 (胶束、 微乳液、 液晶等) , 这些聚集结 构能够对一些在常规溶剂中溶解度很小或者不溶解的物质具有很好的增溶能力 。 而离子液体, 作为离子化合物, 当结构中含有疏水的长碳链吋, 也具备了阴 离子表面活性或阳离子表面活性剂的性质。 通过设计离子液体的结构, 使其在 具有与生育酚强亲和能力的同吋, 具有能够形成聚集结构的能力, 在有机溶剂 中形成液晶等聚集结构, 通过与弱极性有机溶剂形成萃取体系, 依靠离子液体 中的特定结构和萃取相中形成的液晶结构协同增加生育酚在萃取相中的分配。
[0026] 本发明通过一系列科学实验发现, 长碳链离子液体或表面活性剂可在极性溶剂 中通过自组装形成乳液或液晶等聚集结构, 这些溶致液晶萃取剂在微观结构上 既有很强的氢键作用界面, 可与生育酚的酚羟基形成选择性的氢键相互作用, 又有纳米尺寸的疏水性的烷基聚集结构, 可与弱极性的生育酚形成强的疏水相 互作用, 通过氢键和疏水相互作用的协同作用下, 溶致液晶萃取剂表现出了非 常高的生育酚萃取容量, 浓度为 100mg/ml吋, 生育酚在弱极性溶剂 -溶致液晶萃 取剂两相中的分配系数高达 50-60, 是常规有机溶剂、 常规离子液体、 低聚物萃 取剂的 800-1000倍。 如胆碱月桂酸离子液体和二甲基亚砜 (DMSO) 所构成的溶 致液晶萃取剂对 δ-生育酚的分配系数分别可达到 49.52, 而四乙基季铵月桂酸离 子液体和 DMSO所构成的溶致液晶萃取剂的分配系数高达 54.21。 同吋该溶致液 晶具有良好的反萃取性能, 通过加入过量的极性溶剂即可破坏其液晶结构, 将 生育酚释放出来, 实现高效反萃取。
[0027] 更进一步优选地, 所述离子液体为长链脂肪酸根 (碳数≥8) 酸胆碱、 四乙基季 铵长链脂肪酸盐 (碳数≥8) 、 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑长链脂肪酸盐 (碳数≥8) 、 四 乙基季磷长链脂肪酸盐 (碳数≥8) 、 四乙基季磷十二烷基磺酸盐、 N-乙基吡啶 十二烷基硫酸氢盐、 N-丁基 -N-甲基哌啶十二烷基磷酸二氢盐、 1-羟乙基 -3-甲基 咪唑长链脂肪酸盐 (碳数≥8) 、 N-丁基 -N-甲基吡咯烷十四酸盐、 1-乙烯基 -3-甲 基咪唑十二烷基磺酸盐、 十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、 十二烷基氯化吡啶、 1-癸基 -3 -甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐、 1-十二烷基 -3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐或 1-十二烷基 -3-甲基咪唑丙 氨酸盐。
[0028] 更进一步优选地, 所述表面活性剂为十二烷基磺酸钠、 壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚或十 二烷基氨基丙酸钠。
[0029] 所述萃取剂中离子液体或表面活性剂的摩尔分数为 5<¾~50<¾。 离子液体或者表 面活性剂在极性稀释剂中具有形成聚集结构的最低浓度, 所以要求离子液体或 者表面活性剂的含量要足够高以保证液晶的形成, 通过实验发现当离子液体或 者表面活性剂占萃取剂的摩尔百分数为 5%~50%吋制成的溶致液晶萃取效果更好 , 当离子液体摩尔分数过高, 液晶相粘度很高, 不利于萃取传质。
[0030] 本发明中萃取过程可以为逆流萃取或分馏萃取过程, 两种过程操作如下:
[0031] (1) 逆流萃取:
[0032] 以溶致液晶为萃取剂, 在萃取塔的塔顶通入萃取剂, 塔底通入原料液, 收集塔 底流出的萃取液; 向上述得到的萃取液中加入一种或者几种极性有机溶剂或升 高温度破坏萃取相中原有的溶致液晶结构, 用新鲜的弱极性溶剂进行反萃取, 反萃取液经减压蒸馏、 水洗和干燥后得到高纯度混合生育酚。 余下的萃取剂经 减压蒸馏去除极性稀释剂后可循环利用。 此处是极性有机溶剂可以选择甲醇、 N , N-二甲基甲酰胺、 二甲基亚砜、 乙腈、 N-甲基吡咯烷酮、 水或乙二醇。
[0033] (2) 分馏萃取:
[0034] 以溶致液晶为萃取剂, 在分馏萃取塔的塔顶通入萃取剂, 塔底通入弱极性有机 溶剂作为洗涤剂, 塔中通入原料液进行分馏萃取, 收集塔底流出的萃取液; 向 上述得到的萃取液中加入一种或者几种极性有机溶剂或升高温度破坏萃取相中 原有的溶致液晶结构, 用新鲜的弱极性溶剂进行反萃取, 反萃取液经减压蒸馏
、 水洗和干燥后得到高纯度混合生育酚。 余下的萃取剂经减压蒸馏去除极性稀 释剂后可循环利用。
[0035] 本发明中生育酚在氢键和液晶结构的双重作用下能够更好的分配于萃取剂中而 与脂肪酸甲酯等杂质更好的分离。 而从萃取相中分离生育酚和离子液体或者表 面活性剂, 只需要将萃取相中的液晶结构破坏, 使聚集的生育酚恢复到游离态 , 然后通过弱极性有机溶剂的反萃取实现生育酚的反萃以及离子液体或者表面 活性剂的回收。
[0036] 逆流萃取吋萃取剂和原料液的流比为 1 : 0.5-10; 分馏萃取吋萃取剂、 洗涤剂 和原料液的流比为 0.1~10: 0.1-5: 0.1-5= 洗涤剂为溶解原料液所用的弱极性溶 剂。
[0037] 所述极性稀释剂为甲醇、 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺、 二甲基亚砜、 乙腈、 N-甲基吡 咯烷酮、 水或乙二醇。
[0038] 所述弱极性有机溶剂为正己烷、 正庚烷、 正辛烷、 乙酸乙酯、 沸程为 60~90°C 的石油醚或沸程为 90~120°C的石油醚。
[0039] 所述逆流萃取或分馏萃取的操作温度为 10~50°C。 如果温度过低, 原料溶液、 萃取剂和洗涤剂的黏度都会变大, 不利于生产操作, 温度过高则会降低分配比 和选择性, 而且过高或者过低的温度都需要由更大的能量消耗来实现, 导致生 产成本的增加。
[0040] 所述植物油脱臭馏出物为经常见的酯化或者脱除脂肪酸预处理, 是将植物油脱 臭馏出物与甲醇或乙醇进行转酯化反应所得的反应产物, 或者是经过分子蒸馏
、 络合萃取等方法脱除脂肪酸的产物; 其主要成分包括脂肪酸酯、 生育酚及少 量甘油脂、 醇等, 其中混合生育酚总的重量百分含量为 2%~60%; 所述的原料 液中混合生育酚浓度为 10~150克 /升。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0041] 与现有的分离提取技术相比, 本发明具有如下有益效果:
[0042] (1) 本发明采用溶致液晶萃取剂对生育酚有很高的萃取容量, 显著降低萃取 剂的用量以及萃取所需的理论板数; 同吋本发明采用的溶致液晶萃取剂在较高
的原料浓度下仍然能够保持高的萃取效率和选择性, 而常规的萃取剂随进料浓 度的升高, 其萃取效率迅速下降。
[0043] (2) 该类溶致液晶萃取剂的制备方法简单、 稳定性好, 并容易反萃取, 通过 破坏溶致液晶中的聚集结构即可实现生育酚的回收, 具有良好的应用前景。
[0044] (3) 本发明利用溶致液晶萃取, 在优化的条件下, 可以得到纯度大于 90%的 混合生育酚, 而且混合生育酚的回收率均在 90%以上。
[0045] (4) 本发明采用具良好生物相容性的离子液体和表面活性剂为萃取剂, 绿色 环保, 环境友好。
本发明的实施方式
[0046] 实施例 1
[0047] 以月桂酸胆碱溶解在 DMSO中配制成萃取剂, 其中月桂酸胆碱的摩尔分数为 5% ; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 20%) , 溶解在正己烷 中, 配成 150mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂与原料液流比 1:0.5的条件下, 在 40°C经 过 4级逆流萃取, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入 2倍体积量的乙腈和水, 用 3倍体积正 己烷反萃, 经蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理步骤得混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 93% , 收率为 98<¾。
[0048] 实施例 2
[0049] 以四乙基季铵月桂酸盐溶解在 DMSO中配制成萃取剂, 其中四乙基季铵月桂酸 盐的摩尔分数为 10% ; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 75 %) , 溶解在沸程为 60~90°C的石油醚中, 配成 100mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂与 原料液流比 1: 10的条件下, 在 30°C经过 4级逆流萃取, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入 3 倍体积量的水和乙腈, 用 2倍体积量的沸程为 60~90°C的石油醚反萃, 经蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理步骤得混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 92%, 收率为 90%。
[0050] 实施例 3
[0051] 以 1-乙基 -3-甲基咪唑月桂酸盐溶解在乙腈中配制成萃取齐 ij, 其中 1-乙基 -3-甲基 咪唑月桂酸盐的摩尔分数为 15% ; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混 合生育酚 25%) , 溶解在沸程为 90~120°C的石油醚中, 配成 125mg/ml的原料液。
在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 1:0.2:0.5的条件下, 在 30°C经过 3级分馏萃取操 作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的 DMF和乙腈, 用沸程为 90~120°C的石油 醚反萃, 经蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理步骤得混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 95%, 收率为 99<¾。
[0052] 实施例 4
[0053] 以月桂酸胆碱溶解在 DMF中配制成萃取剂, 其中月桂酸胆碱的摩尔分数为 20% ; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 45%) , 溶解在正己烷 中, 配成 80mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 2:1:1的条件下, 在 35°C经过 4级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入 2倍体积量的乙腈和水, 用 5倍体积量的正己烷反萃, 经蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理步骤得混合生育酚产品 , 其纯度为 94%, 收率为 97<¾。
[0054] 实施例 5
[0055] 以四乙基季磷月桂酸盐溶解在水中配制成萃取剂, 其中四乙基季磷月桂酸盐的 摩尔分数为 5%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 55%) , 溶解在正庚烷中, 配成 10mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂与原料液流比 1:5的条件下 , 在 50°C经过 3级逆流萃取, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的水和乙腈, 用正 庚烷反萃, 经蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理步骤混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 98%, 收率为 93%。
[0056] 实施例 6
[0057] 四乙基季磷十二烷基磺酸盐溶解在 DMSO中配制成萃取剂, 其中四乙基季磷十 二烷基磺酸盐的摩尔分数为 8%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混 合生育酚 13%) , 溶解在正己烷中, 配成 20mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂 与原料液流比 5:10:6的条件下, 在 40°C经过 4级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向 其中加入一定量的乙腈和甲醇, 用正己烷反萃, 经蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理 步骤得混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 99%, 收率为 98%。
[0058] 实施例 7
[0059] 月桂酸胆碱溶解在甲醇中配制成萃取剂, 其中月桂酸胆碱的摩尔分数为 10%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 30%) , 溶解在正己烷中
, 配成 20mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂与原料液流比 5:4的条件下, 在 10°C经过 4级 逆流萃取, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入 2倍体积量的 DMSO和乙腈, 用 4倍体积量的 正己烷反萃。 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等后处理后得到混合生育酚 产品, 其纯度为 83%, 收率为 94%。
[0060] 实施例 8
[0061] 以 N-乙基吡啶十二烷基硫酸氢盐溶解在 DMF中配制成萃取剂, 其中 N-乙基吡 啶十二烷基硫酸氢盐的摩尔分数为 15%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中 含有混合生育酚 10%) , 溶解在正辛烷中, 配成 15mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 0.1:0.1:1的条件下, 在 30°C经过 7级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃 取相, 向其中加入一定量的乙腈和水, 用正辛烷反萃。 得到的反萃液经过蒸发 、 水洗、 干燥等处理后到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 99%, 收率为 92%。
[0062] 实施例 9
[0063] 以 N-丁基 -N-甲基哌啶十二烷基磷酸二氢盐溶解在 N-甲基吡咯烷酮中配制成萃 取齐 ij, 其中 N-丁基 -N-甲基哌啶十二烷基磷酸二氢盐的摩尔分数为 9%; 取经酯化 后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 5%) , 溶解在正庚烷中, 配成 10 mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 1.5:0.1:5的条件下, 在 35°C经 过 5级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的甲醇和乙腈, 用正庚烷 反萃。 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其 纯度为 81%, 收率为 99<¾。
[0064] 实施例 10
[0065] 以 1-羟乙基 -3-甲基咪唑十四酸盐溶解在 DMSO中配制成萃取剂, 其中 1-羟乙基- 3-甲基咪唑十四酸盐的摩尔分数为 50%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中 含有混合生育酚 2%) , 溶解在正己烷中, 配成 20mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗 涤剂与原料液流比 1.5:4:0.1的条件下, 在 40°C经过 3级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取 相, 向其中加入 2倍体积量的水和乙腈, 用 5倍体积量的正己烷反萃, 得到的反 萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 94%, 收率 为 99%。
[0066] 实施例 11
[0067] 以 N-丁基 -N-甲基吡咯烷十四酸盐溶解在 DMF中配制成萃取剂, 其中 N-丁基 -N- 甲基吡咯烷十四酸盐的摩尔分数为 5%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中 含有混合生育酚 40%) , 溶解在乙酸乙酯中, 配成 40mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂 、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 1.5:0.1:1的条件下, 在 30°C经过 4级分馏萃取操作, 收集 萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的 N-甲基吡咯烷酮和乙腈, 用乙酸乙酯反萃, 得到 的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 93%, 收率为 92%。
[0068] 实施例 12
[0069] 以 1-乙烯基 -3-甲基咪唑十二烷基磺酸盐溶解在乙腈中配制成萃取剂, 其中 1-乙 烯基 -3-甲基咪唑十二烷基磺酸盐的摩尔分数为 10%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭 馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 30%) , 溶解在正庚烷中, 配成 10mg/ml的原料液 。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 3:0.5:1的条件下, 在 35°C经过 4级分馏萃取操 作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的甲醇和乙二醇, 用正庚烷反萃, 得到的 反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 93%, 收 率为 95<¾。
[0070] 实施例 13
[0071] 以十二烷基三甲基氯化铵溶解在甲醇中配制成萃取剂, 其中十二烷基三甲基氯 化铵的摩尔分数为 15%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 25%) , 溶解在正己烷中, 配成 20mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂与原料液流比 5:10 的条件下, 在 10°C经过 2级逆流萃取, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的甲醇和 乙腈, 用正己烷反萃。 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到得到 混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 85%, 收率为 97%。
[0072] 实施例 14
[0073] 以十二烷基氯化吡啶溶解在 DMF中配制成萃取剂, 其中十二烷基氯化吡啶的摩 尔分数为 8%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 50%) , 溶解在正庚烷中, 配成 15mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 5:0.6: 2的条件下, 在 30°C经过 4级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的 D MF和乙腈, 用正庚烷反萃, 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到
混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 98%, 收率为 93%。
[0074] 实施例 15
[0075] 以 1-癸基 -3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐溶解在 DMSO中配制成萃取齐 ij, 其中 1-癸基 -3-甲 基咪唑硫酸氢盐的摩尔分数为 5%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有 混合生育酚 55%) , 溶解在沸程为 90~120°C的石油醚中, 配成 10mg/ml的原料液 。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 10:3:1的条件下, 在 25°C经过 3级分馏萃取操 作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的 DMSO和乙腈, 用 90~120°C的石油醚反萃 , 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度 为 98<¾, 收率为 90<¾。
[0076] 实施例 16
[0077] 以 1-十二烷基 -3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐溶解在 DMF中配制成萃取剂, 其中 1-十二烷基 -3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐的摩尔分数为 10%, 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中 含有混合生育酚 5%) , 溶解在沸程为 90~120°C的石油醚中, 配成 10mg/ml的原料 液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 5:3:10的条件下, 在 15°C经过 4级分馏萃取 操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的水和乙腈, 用沸程为 90~120°C的石油 醚反萃, 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 90%, 收率为 97<¾。
[0078] 实施例 17
[0079] 以 1-十二烷基 -3-甲基咪唑丙氨酸盐溶解在乙腈中配制成萃取剂, 其中 1-十二烷 基 -3-甲基咪唑丙氨酸盐的摩尔分数为 6%, 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其 中含有混合生育酚 33%) , 溶解在正己烷中, 配成 20mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂 、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 1.5:0.1:2的条件下, 在 20°C经过 5级分馏萃取操作, 收集 萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的甲醇和 DMF, 用正己烷反萃, 得到的反萃液经过 蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 90%, 收率为 92%。
[0080] 实施例 18
[0081] 以十二烷基磺酸钠溶解在水中配制成萃取剂, 其中十二烷基磺酸钠的摩尔分数 为 5%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 53%) , 溶解正 庚烷中, 配成 15mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 8:6:7的条件下
, 在 50°C经过 3级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的甲醇和 DMF , 用正庚烷反萃, 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混合生育 酚产品, 其纯度为 98%, 收率为 95%。
[0082] 实施例 19
[0083] 以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚溶解在水中配制成萃取剂, 其中基酚聚氧乙烯醚的摩尔分 数为 12%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 45%) , 溶解 正己烷中, 配成 10mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 1.5:0.7:0.3的 条件下, 在 45°C经过 4级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的水和 乙二醇, 用正己烷反萃, 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混 合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 95%, 收率为 96%。
[0084] 实施例 20
[0085] 以十二烷基氨基丙酸钠溶解在水中配制成萃取剂, 其中十二烷基氨基丙酸钠的 摩尔分数为 6%; 取经酯化后的植物油脱臭馏出物 (其中含有混合生育酚 23%) , 溶解正辛烷中, 配成 15mg/ml的原料液。 在萃取剂、 洗涤剂与原料液流比 1:0.1: 7的条件下, 在 45°C经过 5级分馏萃取操作, 收集萃取相, 向其中加入一定量的甲 醇和水, 用正辛烷反萃, 得到的反萃液经过蒸发、 水洗、 干燥等处理后得到混 合生育酚产品, 其纯度为 96%, 收率为 97%。
Claims
[权利要求 1] 一种溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法, 其特征在于, 包括如下步骤:
将经过酯化或脱除脂肪酸处理的植物油脱臭馏出物溶于弱极性有机溶 剂中, 配制成原料液; 将离子液体或表面活性剂与极性稀释剂混合, 制成溶致液晶; 以所述溶致液晶为萃取剂, 通过逆流萃取或分馏萃取 从所述原料液中分离纯化得到混合生育酚。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法
, 其特征在于, 所述离子液体为阴离子表面活性离子液体或阳离子表 面活性液体, 所述阴离子表面活性离子液体和阳离子表面活性离子液 体均由阳离子 M +和阴离子 N -两部分组成。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法
, 其特征在于, 所述阴离子表面活性离子液体中: 阳离子 为含有取代基的咪唑阳离子、 吡啶阳离子、 季铵阳离子、 季磷阳离子、 吡咯阳离子或哌啶阳离子, 所述取代基为碳链长度为 1- 4的烷基、 烯烃基或含有羟基取代基团的烷基;
阴离子 N -为含有长碳链的羧酸阴离子、 长碳链的氨基酸阴离子、 长 链磺酸阴离子、 长链硫酸阴离子或长链磷酸阴离子。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 2所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法
, 其特征在于, 所述阳离子表面活性离子液体中: 阳离子 为含有长直碳链取代基的咪唑阳离子、 吡啶阳离子、 季铵 阳离子、 季磷阳离子、 吡咯阳离子或哌啶阳离子; 阴离子 N -为卤素 离子、 高氯酸根离子、 磷酸二氢根离子、 硫酸氢根离子、 硝酸根离子 、 短链羧酸阴离子或短链氨基酸阴离子。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法
, 其特征在于, 所述表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂、 阴离子表面活 性剂或两性离子表面活性剂。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法
, 其特征在于, 所述萃取剂中离子液体或表面活性剂的摩尔分数为 5 %~50%。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 , 其特征在于, 选择逆流萃取吋萃取剂和原料液的流比为 1 : 0.5-10 ; 选择分馏萃取时萃取剂、 洗涤剂和原料液的流比为 0.1~10: 0.1-5: 0.1-5 =
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 , 其特征在于, 所述极性稀释剂为甲醇、 N, N-二甲基甲酰胺、 二甲 基亚砜、 乙腈、 N-甲基吡咯烷酮、 水或乙二醇。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 , 其特征在于, 所述弱极性有机溶剂为正己垸、 正庚垸、 正辛垸、 乙 酸乙酯、 沸程为 60~90°C的石油醚或沸程为 90~120°C的石油醚。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 1所述溶致液晶萃取分离制备高含量混合生育酚的方法 , 其特征在于, 所述逆流萃取或分馏萃取的操作温度为 10~50°C。
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| CN108929302B (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2020-12-15 | 浙江大学 | 一种混合生育酚的分离方法及一种多孔聚离子液体材料及其制备方法 |
| CN119822959B (zh) * | 2024-10-21 | 2026-02-03 | 浙江大学 | 一种中/长碳链甘油三酯的纯化方法 |
| CN119158300A (zh) * | 2024-11-07 | 2024-12-20 | 宁波大红鹰生物工程股份有限公司 | 一种连续逆流萃取脱除混合生育酚中多种不良杂质的方法 |
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| CN104803963B (zh) | 2018-07-06 |
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