WO2016147313A1 - 薬剤感受性試験装置及び薬剤感受性試験キット並びに薬剤感受性試験方法 - Google Patents
薬剤感受性試験装置及び薬剤感受性試験キット並びに薬剤感受性試験方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
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- C12M25/00—Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/66—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving luciferase
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
- G01N21/763—Bioluminescence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a test apparatus, a test kit, and a drug sensitivity test method for performing a drug sensitivity test for bacteria.
- ATP bioluminescence method that uses a change amount of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) present as an energy source in the bacterium as an index of microbial growth as a method for quickly performing a drug sensitivity test.
- the ATP method is a method for detecting ATP present as an energy source in a bacterium using a firefly-derived enzyme luciferase. Luciferase oxidizes luciferin as a substrate in the presence of ATP and Mg 2+ in the bacterium, and the amount of luminescence generated at that time is proportional to the amount of ATP. Therefore, the growth of the bacterium can be evaluated from the change in the amount of luminescence.
- Patent Document 1 A method for determining the number of bacteria using the ATP method is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
- Patent Document 1 is a technique for counting viable bacteria by ATP measurement, counting total bacteria by DNA method, and subtracting viable bacteria from this total bacteria to obtain viable and dead cell counts.
- Infectious disease-causing bacteria that are subject to drug susceptibility testing can be broadly classified into aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria, and obligate anaerobic bacteria. Among these, aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria can grow in the presence of oxygen, but organized anaerobic bacteria are killed by exposure to oxygen.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a drug sensitivity test apparatus and a drug sensitivity test method capable of performing a drug sensitivity test by the ATP method for both aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria.
- a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a reaction tank, a reagent holding part for holding a reagent to be supplied to the reaction tank, and a culture liquid holding part for holding a culture liquid to be supplied to the reaction tank.
- An ATP test culture plate having a contactable / separable layer, a gas supply path for supplying gas into the ATP test culture plate, a heater for heating the culture medium holding unit, and detecting light emission in the reaction vessel
- a plurality of layers of the ATP test culture plate, wherein the plurality of layers of the ATP test culture plate comprises: a light detection unit; When joined, at least the culture solution holding unit and the reaction vessel are in a sealed state so that they can communicate with each other.
- the present invention has a reaction tank, a reagent holding part for holding a reagent to be supplied to the reaction tank, and a culture liquid holding part for holding a culture liquid to be supplied to the reaction tank. And an ATP test culture plate having a plurality of contactable / separable layers, and a gas supply path for supplying gas into the ATP test culture plate, wherein the plurality of layers of the ATP test culture plate are joined together.
- the drug sensitivity test kit is such that at least the culture solution holding unit and the reaction vessel are in a sealed state so that they can communicate with each other.
- the present invention has a reaction tank, a reagent holding part for holding a reagent to be supplied to the reaction tank, and a culture liquid holding part for holding a culture liquid to be supplied to the reaction tank.
- the ATP test culture plate having a plurality of layers is sealed so that at least the culture solution holding unit and the reaction tank can communicate with each other, and gas is supplied from the gas supply unit into the ATP test culture plate to which the plurality of layers are joined.
- a drug sensitivity test by the ATP method can be carried out for both aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria.
- H It is a figure which shows the change of the light-emission quantity with progress of the culture
- E It is a figure which shows the change of the light-emission quantity with progress of the culture
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a drug sensitivity test apparatus according to an embodiment.
- the drug sensitivity test apparatus includes an ATP test culture plate 12, a heater 11, a photodetector 13, and a determination unit 14.
- the heater 11 is installed so as to be adjacent in the vicinity of the surface of the ATP inspection plate 12 opposite to the installation surface of the photodetector 13.
- the shape and quantity of the heater 11 are not specifically limited,
- the installation position can also be suitably changed according to a usage form.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the ATP test culture plate 12 shown in FIG.
- the ATP test culture plate 12 is composed of two layers, a first plate 21 and a second plate 22.
- a bonding portion 23 for bonding to the first plate 21 is formed on the upper surface of the second plate 22, a bonding portion 23 for bonding to the first plate 21 is formed.
- the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are configured to be freely joined (see FIG. 2B) and separated (see FIG. 2A) via a joining portion 23.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the internal structure of the first plate 21 shown in FIG. 2 together with the peripheral structure of the first plate 21, and
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the second plate 22 shown in FIG. FIG.
- the first plate 21 includes a culture solution holding unit 47, an extract solution holding unit 43, and a luminescent reagent holding unit 46 (see FIG. 3), and the second plate 22 is formed as a bottomed hole.
- the reaction tank 44 is provided (see FIG. 4). The detailed configuration of the first plate 21 and its periphery and the detailed configuration of the second plate 22 will be described later.
- the first plate 21 is joined to the second plate 22 via the joint portion 23, so that the culture solution holding portion 47, the extract solution holding portion 43, and the light emission of the first plate 21.
- the reagent holding unit 46 is configured to fit into the reaction tank 44 of the second plate 22.
- the culture solution supply unit 470 includes a culture solution holding unit 47 that holds the culture solution supplied to the reaction tank 44, a nozzle 37 connected to one end of the culture solution holding unit 47, and a culture solution holding unit. And a syringe 31 connected to the other end of the portion 47 via a connecting pipe 471.
- a bacterial suspension obtained by mixing a bacterium to be tested in a drug sensitivity test separated from a specimen and a drug such as an antibiotic is provided in a valve 34 provided at the tip of the syringe 31.
- the nozzle 37 sucks from the external container.
- the bacterial suspension sucked into the culture solution holding part 47 is supplied again to the reaction tank 44 of the second plate 22 through the nozzle 37 as a culture solution cultured at a predetermined temperature.
- a first gas supply unit 40 is connected to the culture solution holding unit 47 via a supply pipe 401.
- the first gas supply unit 40 has a gas concentration meter and a gas pressure adjustment mechanism, and controls the inside of the culture solution holding unit 47 to a gas atmosphere suitable for culturing the cells to be tested in the drug sensitivity test. Is possible.
- the extract supply unit 430 includes an extract solution holding unit 43 that holds the extract solution supplied to the reaction tank 44, a nozzle 38 connected to one end of the extract solution holding unit 43, and the other end side of the extract solution holding unit 43. It has an extract bottle 42 connected via a connection pipe 431 and a syringe 32 provided between the extract bottle 42 and the extract holder 43.
- the extract is a reagent that extracts ATP from bacteria, and the extract contained in the extract bottle 42 is switched to the extract holder 43 by switching the flow path of the valve 35 provided at the tip of the syringe 32. It is filled and supplied to the reaction tank 44 of the second plate 22 through the nozzle 38.
- the luminescent reagent supply unit 460 includes a luminescent reagent holding unit 46 that holds the luminescent reagent supplied to the reaction tank 44, a nozzle 39 connected to one end of the luminescent reagent holding unit 46, and the other end side of the luminescent reagent holding unit 46. It has a luminescent reagent bottle 45 connected via a connecting tube 461, and a syringe 33 provided between the luminescent reagent bottle 45 and the luminescent reagent holding part 46.
- the luminescent reagent is a reagent that emits light when mixed with ATP extracted from cells such as bacteria, and the luminescent reagent contained in the luminescent reagent bottle 45 is a flow path of the valve 36 provided at the tip of the syringe 33. , The luminescent reagent holding part 46 is filled and supplied to the reaction tank 44 of the second plate 22 through the nozzle 39.
- the nozzle 37 connected to the culture solution holding unit 47 is longer than the nozzle 38 connected to the extract holding unit 43 and the nozzle 39 connected to the luminescent reagent holding unit 46.
- the reaction tank 44, the culture solution holding unit 47, the extract solution holding unit 43, and the luminescent reagent holding unit 46 are connected to the reaction vessel 44, the culture solution holding unit 47, the extract solution holding unit 43, and the In a state where the luminescent reagent holding part 46 is in communication with each other, it is in a sealed state.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 a configuration in which one extract holding part 43 and one luminescent reagent holding part 46 are inserted into one reaction tank 44 is shown. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a plurality of extraction liquid holding units 43 and luminescent reagent holding units 46 are inserted in accordance with the contents of the examination. In this case, the extraction liquid holding unit 43 and the luminescent reagent holding unit 46 may have the same shape, or may have different shapes as long as they can be installed on the first plate 21.
- the reaction tank 44 formed on the second plate 22 includes the culture solution supplied from the culture solution holding unit 47 of the first plate 21 and the extract supplied from the extract holding unit 43. , And the luminescent reagent supplied from the luminescent reagent holding unit 46, and the culture solution, the extract, and the luminescent reagent supplied from the first plate 21 are mixed in the reaction tank 44.
- the reaction tank 4 is provided with a depth that allows the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 to be joined in a state where the nozzles 37, 38, and 39 are inserted.
- the second plate 22 needs to have at least the bottom of the reaction tank 44 so that light emission can be detected by the photodetector 13. For this reason, as the second plate 22, for example, it is preferable that the second plate 22 itself is made of a transparent material because the photodetector 13 can detect light. Further, when the second plate 22 is made of a material that does not have translucency, the bottom region of the reaction tank 44 is cut out, and a member made of a translucent material is fitted into the cutout portion. Light can be detected by the detector 13.
- the photodetector 13 is not particularly limited, and for example, a photomultiplier tube, a CCD camera, a photodiode, or the like can be used.
- a gas supply path 41 is provided through the second plate 22 so as to communicate with the reaction tank 44.
- a second gas supply section 48 is connected to the gas supply path 41 via a supply pipe 481, and the gas supplied from the second gas supply section 48 passes through the gas supply path 41 to the reaction tank 44. Supplied.
- the second gas supply unit 48 has a gas control mechanism such as a gas concentration meter and a gas pressure control mechanism, and the gas in the reaction tank 44 is suitable for the type of bacterial cell to be tested in the drug sensitivity test.
- the atmosphere can be controlled.
- the joint 23 is formed so as to cover the entire upper surface of the second plate 22 including the open end side of the reaction tank 44. Thereby, the gas atmosphere inside the reaction tank 44 is maintained by the joint 23.
- the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are joined in a state where the nozzles 37, 38, 39 are inserted into the reaction tank 44.
- , 38, 39 are preferably provided with holes having a diameter similar to the nozzle diameter, for example.
- any material can be used without particular limitation as long as it can join the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 and is a non-breathable material.
- a silicone resin or a thermosetting resin can be used.
- the drug sensitivity test apparatus may have a configuration in which a plurality of reaction tanks 44 are provided on the second plate 22, and the plurality of reaction tanks 44 are connected to one gas supply path 41.
- each set of the culture solution holding unit 47, the extract solution holding unit 43, and the luminescent reagent holding unit 46 is fitted into one reaction tank 44, and the first plate 21 and It is comprised so that the 2nd plate 22 may join.
- the structure similar to FIG. 3 is each provided in the periphery of the 1st plate 21, the structure of the periphery of the 1st plate 21 is abbreviate
- the ATP test culture plate 12 and the gas supply path 41 provided in the second plate 22 can be provided as a drug sensitivity test kit.
- the drug sensitivity kit includes a first plate 21 including a culture solution holding unit 47 having a nozzle 37, an extract holding unit 43 having a nozzle 38, and a luminescent reagent holding unit 46 having a nozzle 39; A second plate 22 having a reaction tank 44; a joining portion 23 for joining the first plate 21 and the second plate 22; and a gas supply path 41 provided in the second plate 22. It is configured.
- the drug sensitivity test kit unit can be replaced.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a drug sensitivity test process according to the embodiment.
- the infectious disease origin microbe used as the measuring object of this invention will not be specifically limited if ATP is contained in a microbial cell.
- specimens such as blood, throat swab, sputum and the like are collected from an infectious disease patient (S501), and isolation culture is performed all day and night in order to obtain infectious disease-causing bacteria as a single colony from a specimen in which resident bacteria are mixed (S502).
- the bacteria forming a single colony are collected (S503), adjusted to a constant concentration (S504), and distributed to AST panels in which various concentrations of drugs and antibiotics are arranged (S505).
- the material and shape of the AST panel are not particularly limited, but a plate-like one having a plurality of holes (wells) on a plane is desirable.
- a 96-well microplate in which 96 wells are integrated into 8 wells ⁇ 12 wells Alternatively, a 384-well microplate in which a total of 384 wells are integrated by 16 wells ⁇ 24 wells, a 1532-well microplate in which a total of 1532 wells are integrated by 32 wells ⁇ 48 wells, or the like can be used.
- Drugs and antibiotics applicable to this embodiment are not particularly limited. Examples include antibiotics having bactericidal activity such as penicillin, cephem, aminoglycoside, new quinolone, and fosfomycin, and drugs having bacteriostatic activity such as macrolide and tetracycline.
- sulfonamide examples include sulfonamide, aminibenzylpnicillin, and tetracycline.
- drugs such as antibiotics, those suitable for the bacterial species can be appropriately selected and used, and the type is not particularly limited.
- gas is supplied from the first gas supply unit 40 to the culture solution holding unit 47 of the first plate 21 through the supply pipe 401, and the gas atmosphere in the culture solution holding unit 47 is controlled, and the AST panel is supplied.
- the distributed bacterial suspension is collected using the first plate 21 of the ATP test culture plate 12 (S506).
- the tip of the nozzle 37 of the culture solution holding unit 47 is brought into contact with the bacterial suspension accommodated in the hole of the AST panel and sucked with the syringe 31, so that the bacterial suspension in the AST panel is Then, it is sucked into the culture solution holding part 47.
- the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 of the ATP test culture plate 12 are joined by the joining part 23 (S507), and the culture solution holding part 47.
- the extraction liquid holding part 43, the luminescent reagent holding part 46, and the reaction tank 44 are sealed (see FIG. 5).
- a gas supply is further supplied from the first gas supply unit 40 to the sealed culture solution holding unit 47, and the gas atmosphere in the culture solution holding unit 47 is controlled.
- the whole is heated by the heater 11 and drug sensitive culture is performed (S508).
- gas is supplied from the second gas supply unit 48 to the sealed reaction tank 44 through the gas supply path 41 to control the gas atmosphere in the reaction tank 44.
- the heater 11 has a temperature sensor and a temperature adjustment function, and controls the temperature of the culture solution holding unit 47 of the first plate 21 to a desired temperature according to the bacterial species to be tested in the drug sensitivity test.
- the drug-sensitive culture of the culture solution sucked into the culture solution holding unit 47 is performed (S508).
- the temperature at the time of culturing is appropriately set according to the bacterial species, but is generally 35 to 37 ° C.
- the culture solution held in the culture solution holding part 47 of the first plate 21 is dispensed into the reaction vessel 44 controlled in atmosphere by the nozzle 37 inserted into the reaction vessel 44 and continued.
- the extract in the extract holding part 43 was dispensed into the reaction tank 44 by the nozzle 38 inserted in the reaction tank 44
- the luminescent reagent in the luminescent reagent holding part 46 was inserted into the reaction tank 44. Dispense into the reaction tank 44 by the nozzle 39 (S509).
- ATP is extracted from the bacteria by mixing with the extract.
- the extract is not particularly limited as long as ATP can be extracted from bacteria.
- benzalkonium chloride, benzyl chloride, formaldehyde, or the like can be used.
- the mixed solution containing ATP extracted from bacteria emits light when mixed with the luminescent reagent dispensed in the reaction tank 44.
- the luminescent reagent is not particularly limited as long as it emits light when mixed with ATP.
- a lucifer HS set can be used.
- the light emission amount (ATP light emission amount) in the reaction tank 44 is detected by the photodetector 13 (S510).
- the luminescence measurement can be performed a plurality of times.
- the culture solution, the extract, and the luminescent reagent are dispensed into the reaction tank 44 (S511), and the luminescence amount in the luminescence tank 44 (ATP luminescence amount). Is detected by the photodetector 13 (S512).
- the drug sensitive culture is continued, and after 24 hours from the start of the culture, the culture solution, the extract, and the luminescent reagent are dispensed into the reaction tank 44 (S513), and the amount of luminescence in the reaction tank 44 24 hours after the start of the culture. (ATP emission amount) is detected (S514).
- the timing for performing the luminescence measurement can be set as appropriate. That is, by controlling the timing of dispensing the culture solution, the extract and the luminescent reagent into the reaction tank 44 by a controller (not shown) that controls the operation of each syringe 31, 32, 33, at a desired timing, It becomes possible to determine the sensitivity to a drug. In this case, a more flexible drug sensitivity test can be performed.
- FIG. 8 shows an internal configuration of the determination unit 14.
- the determination unit 14 includes an ATP calculation unit (S601), a database storage unit (S602), and a comparison calculation unit (S603). Specifically, the result of the luminescence measurement obtained in step (S510), step (S512) or step (S514) (see FIG. 7) is stored in the ATP calculator (S601) and displayed as a result.
- the database storage unit (S602) that performs drug sensitivity result determination creates a database for each bacterial species based on the detection results so far.
- the calculated calculation criteria are stored.
- the comparison calculation unit (S603) obtains an accurate value as the threshold for the ATP luminescence amount by selecting and reading out the calculation criteria for the corresponding bacterial species from the database storage unit (S602). Therefore, the drug sensitivity test can be determined more accurately.
- the first plate 21 having the culture solution holding unit 47 and the second plate 22 having the reaction tank 44 are detachably installed, and the first plate 21 and the first plate 21 A configuration in which a gas supply path for supplying gas is provided on the ATP test culture plate configured so that the culture solution holding unit 47 and the reaction tank 44 are hermetically sealed when the two plates 22 are joined to each other.
- ATP extraction and luminescence detection can be performed continuously.
- the drug sensitivity test of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the procedure described above, and can be performed by changing the order as appropriate.
- the bacterial suspension held outside the ATP culture plate 12 in a state where the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are separated from each other is transferred to the culture solution holding unit 47 by the nozzle 37.
- the bacterial suspension can be sucked in a state where the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are joined.
- a medicine bottle (not shown) containing a medicine and a bacteria liquid bottle (not shown) containing a liquid containing bacterial cells are connected to the culture liquid holding unit 47 (see FIG. 3), and these bottles and the culture liquid are connected.
- This can be performed using an apparatus in which a syringe 31 is provided between the holder 47 and the holder 47.
- the medicine contained in the medicine bottle and the bacteria solution contained in the bacteria solution bottle are sucked by the syringe 31.
- the mixture is once supplied to the reaction tank 44, and the medicine and the bacterial solution are mixed in the reaction tank 44 to obtain a bacterial suspension.
- the bacterial suspension is sucked into the culture solution holding unit 47 by the nozzle 37, and heated. 11 and incubate.
- the culture solution thus obtained is supplied again to the reaction tank 44 through the nozzle 37, and thereafter, the drug sensitivity test can be performed by performing the steps after step (S509) of the above-described embodiment.
- the light emission amount is represented by the integration of the photon count value of 60 seconds, and the unit is the light emission amount (Amount of luminescence (au)). Since the light emission amount and the ATP amount are in a proportional relationship, an increase in the light emission amount and an increase in the ATP amount are expressed in the same meaning.
- the drug susceptibility test apparatus described above can be applied mainly to the test of the susceptibility of bacteria to drugs, and in particular to the test of the susceptibility of infectious disease-causing bacteria.
- H. influenzae Haemophilus influenzae
- sulfonamide was used as the antibiotic, and the final concentration of antibiotic was 0.125 to 512 ⁇ g / mL, and a 2-fold dilution series was prepared and used.
- Benzalkonium chloride was used for the extract, and Lucifer HS set (Kikkoman) was used for the luminescent reagent.
- H. Influenzae was cultured overnight on a chocolate agar medium in a 5-10% carbon dioxide atmosphere, and the next day the colonies were suspended in Mueller-Hinton (hereinafter referred to as MH) medium to prepare 0.5 McFarland. A turbid liquid was prepared.
- MH Mueller-Hinton
- 50 ⁇ L each of the bacterial suspension diluted 500 times with MH medium was distributed on a plate in which 50 ⁇ L each of MH medium containing antibiotics at twice the final concentration was dispensed in advance to prepare an AST panel. .
- the gas was supplied from the first gas supply unit 40 to the culture solution holding unit 47 of the first plate 21 of the ATP test culture plate 12 and prepared in advance in a 5 to 10% carbon dioxide atmosphere. From the AST panel using the first plate 21 prepared with the gas atmosphere, the H.P. 90 ⁇ L of a bacterial suspension of influenza was collected.
- the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are joined to each other through the joining portion 23, and the temperature of the ATP test culture plate 12 is maintained at 37 ° C. by the heater 11, and after a predetermined time has passed, the gas atmosphere is previously set to 5 to In the reaction vessel of the second plate 22 prepared to 10% carbon dioxide gas, 10 ⁇ L of H.P. Dispense the influenzae bacterial culture into the reaction vessel, then dispense 10 ⁇ L of extract from the extract holder 43 into the reaction vessel, and then dispense 50 ⁇ L of the luminescent reagent from the luminescent reagent holder 46 into the reaction vessel. Noted.
- the photodetector 13 After the luminescent reagent was dispensed, the amount of luminescence in the reaction vessel was detected by the photodetector 13. The photodetector 13 performed photon counting for 1 minute, and the obtained light emission amount RLU (relative light unit) was used as an index of the ATP amount.
- RLU relative light unit
- FIG. 9 shows the change in the amount of luminescence with the passage of the incubation time of influenza.
- the number of cells in the culture solution is uniform, so the RLU is constant under all antibiotic concentrations.
- the antibiotic (sulfonamide) concentration was 0 ⁇ g / mL
- the RLU was higher than that at the start of the culture. You can see that it has proliferated.
- the antibiotic (sulfonamide) concentration is 1 ⁇ g / mL
- the amount of increase is small compared to the antibiotic (sulfonamide) concentration of 0 ⁇ g / mL, but the RLU is higher than that at the start of the culture, indicating that the bacteria have grown.
- Example 2 Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922 strain, hereinafter referred to as E.
- Example 2 Bacillus coli
- ampicillin is used as the antibiotic
- the gas in the culture solution holding part 47 and the reaction tank 44 of the ATP test culture plate 21 is used.
- the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the atmosphere was an air atmosphere.
- Antibiotic (ampicillin) concentrations were 0, 2, 4, and 8 ⁇ g / mL.
- FIG. The change in the amount of luminescence with the passage of the E. coli culture time, that is, the change in the amount of ATP is shown.
- RLU increased exponentially until 4 hours from the start of the culture, and thereafter remained at a constant value.
- the same tendency was observed when the ampicillin concentration was 2 ⁇ g / mL.
- E.I. It can be determined that E. coli is resistant to ampicillin at 2 ⁇ g / mL and sensitive at 4 ⁇ g / mL and 8 ⁇ g / mL. In other words, E.I. It can be determined that E. coli is sensitive to ampicillin at least at 4 ⁇ g / mL or more.
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Abstract
Description
第1のプレート21と第2のプレート22とは、接合部23を介して接合(図2(b)参照。)、離間(図2(a)参照。)が自在に構成されている。
(ASTパネル)
ASTパネルの材質及び形状は特に限定されないが、平面上に複数の穴(ウェル)を有するプレート状のものが望ましく、例えば8ウェル×12ウェルで合計96ウェルが一体となった96穴マイクロプレート、又は、16ウェル×24ウェルで合計384ウェルが一体となった384穴マイクロプレート、32ウェル×48ウェルで合計1532ウェルが一体となった1532穴マイクロプレート等を用いることができる。
具体的には、ステップ(S510)、ステップ(S512)又はステップ(S514)(図7参照。)で得られた発光測定の結果がATP算出部(S601)に記憶され、結果として表示される。
〔実施例1〕
本実施例では、Haemophilus influenzae(以下H.influenzaeとする)を菌体として使用し、ATP法による薬剤感受性試験を実施した例を示す。抗生物質としては、スルホンアミドを用い、抗生物質の終濃度は0.125~512μg/mLの間で2倍希釈系列を作製し使用した。
〔実施例2〕
実施例2は、菌体としてEscherichia coli(ATCC25922株、以下E.coliとする)を用い、抗生物質はアンピシリンを使用し、ATP検査培養プレート21の培養液保持部47及び反応槽44内の気体雰囲気を大気雰囲気としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして行った。抗生物質(アンピシリン)濃度は、0、2、4、8 μg/mLとした。図10に、E.coliの培養時間の経過に伴う発光量の変化、すなわちATP量の変化を示す。
アンピシリン濃度が0 μg/mLのとき、培養開始から4時間まではRLUが指数関数的に増加し、その後一定値で推移した。アンピシリン濃度が2 μg/mLのときも、同様の傾向を示した。一方、アンピシリン濃度が4μg/mL、8μg/mLのときは、培養開始から2時間まではRLUが増加するが、その後は一定値で推移した。RLUの値は、アンピシリン濃度0 μg/mLのときと比較すると約1/20と低く、アンピシリンの作用によりE.coliの増殖が抑制されたことがわかる。
Claims (15)
- 反応槽と、前記反応槽に供給する試薬を保持する試薬保持部と、前記反応槽に供給する培養液を保持する培養液保持部と、を有し、複数の接離可能な層を持つATP検査培養プレートと、
前記ATP検査培養プレート内にガス供給を行うガス供給路と、
前記培養液保持部を加熱するヒータと、
前記反応槽内部の発光を検出する光検出部と、
前記光検出部の検出結果に応じて培養液に含まれる菌種の薬剤に対する感受性を判定する判定部と、を有しており、
前記ATP検査培養プレートの前記複数の層が接合したときに、少なくとも前記培養液保持部及び前記反応槽が互いに連通可能に密閉状態となることを特徴とする薬剤感受性試験装置。 - 前記ATP検査培養プレートは、前記試薬保持部及び前記培養液保持部を有する第1のプレートと、前記反応槽を有する第2のプレートと、前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとを接合する接合部とを有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の薬剤感受性試験装置。
- 前記試薬保持部及び前記培養液保持部の前記反応槽側には、それぞれノズルが設けられており、前記第2のプレートは、前記ノズルを前記反応槽に挿入可能に構成され、かつ前記反応槽が、前記ノズルが挿入された状態で前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとが接合可能な深さを保って設けられていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の薬剤感受性試験装置。
- 前記第1のプレートには、前記培養液保持部にガスを供給する第1のガス供給部が接続されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の薬剤感受性試験装置。
- 前記第2のプレートは、前記反応槽にガスを供給する第2のガス供給部に接続された前記ガス供給路を有していることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の薬剤感受性試験装置。
- 前記培養液保持部に設けられたノズルの長さは、前記試薬保持部に設けられたノズルの長さより長い、ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の薬剤感受性試験装置。
- 前記ガス供給路には、前記反応槽が複数個接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の薬剤感受性試験装置。
- 反応槽と、前記反応槽に供給する試薬を保持する試薬保持部と、前記反応槽に供給する培養液を保持する培養液保持部と、を有し、複数の接離可能な層を持つATP検査培養プレートと、
前記ATP検査培養プレート内にガス供給を行うガス供給路と、を有しており、
前記ATP検査培養プレートの前記複数の層が接合したときに、少なくとも前記培養液保持部及び前記反応槽が互いに連通可能に密閉状態となることを特徴とする薬剤感受性試験キット。 - 反応槽と、前記反応槽に供給する試薬を保持する試薬保持部と、前記反応槽に供給する培養液を保持する培養液保持部と、を有し、複数の層を持つATP検査培養プレートの少なくとも前記培養液保持部及び前記反応槽を互いに連通可能に密閉状態とし、
前記複数の層が接合された前記ATP検査培養プレート内にガス供給部からガス供給を行い、
密閉状態の前記培養液保持部をヒータで加熱して、菌と薬剤とを混合してなる菌懸濁液を培養し、
前記菌懸濁液を培養して得られた培養液を密閉状態の前記反応槽に供給するとともに、該反応槽に前記試薬保持部から前記試薬を供給し、
前記培養液と前記試薬との反応液を保持する前記反応槽内部の発光を光検出部により検出し、
前記光検出部の検出結果に応じて、前記培養液に含まれる菌種の薬剤に対する感受性を判定部により判定することを特徴とする薬剤感受性試験方法。 - 前記ATP検査培養プレートは、前記試薬保持部及び前記培養液保持部を有する第1のプレートと、前記反応槽を有する第2のプレートとが互いに接離可能に設けられており、
前記菌懸濁液の培養を行う前に、前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとを接合部を介して接合して、少なくとも前記培養液保持部及び前記反応槽を互いに連通可能に密閉状態とすることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の薬剤感受性試験方法。 - 前記試薬保持部及び前記培養液保持部に設けられたノズルを前記反応槽に挿入した状態で、前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとを接合することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の薬剤感受性試験方法。
- 前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとを接合した状態で、前記培養液保持部に設けられたノズルから前記培養液を前記反応槽に供給するとともに、前記試薬保持部に設けられたノズルからATP抽出試薬を前記反応槽に供給し、該反応槽内で前記培養液と前記ATP抽出試薬とを混合して該培養液からのATP抽出を行い、
次いでATPとの混合により発光する発光試薬を前記試薬保持部に設けられたノズルから前記反応槽に供給し、前記反応槽に保持されているATP抽出後の培養液と前記発光試薬とを混合し、
前記発光試薬とATP抽出後の培養液とを保持する前記反応槽内の発光量の増減を、前記光検出部により検出することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の薬剤感受性試験方法。 - 前記第1のプレートと、前記第2のプレートとを接合した前記ATP培養プレートの少なくとも前記培養液保持部と前記反応槽に、前記ガス供給部からガス供給を行い、前記培養液保持部内及び前記反応槽内の気体雰囲気を制御した状態で、前記培養液保持部内で前記菌懸濁液の培養を行った後、連続して、前記反応槽内で、前記菌懸濁液の培養液のATP抽出を行うことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の薬剤感受性試験方法。
- 前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとが離間した状態で、前記ATP検査培養プレートの外部に保持されている前記菌懸濁液を、前記培養液保持部に設けられたノズルから該培養液保持部に供給する、ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の薬剤感受性試験方法。
- 前記第1のプレートと前記第2のプレートとを接合した状態で、前記ATP検査培養プレートの外部に保持されている前記菌懸濁液を、一旦前記反応槽に供給し、前記反応槽内の前記菌懸濁液を前記培養液保持部に吸引した後、該培養液保持部を前記ヒータで加熱して前記菌懸濁液を培養し、得られた培養液を再度前記反応槽に供給することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の薬剤感受性試験方法。
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JP7066087B2 (ja) | 2018-10-16 | 2022-05-13 | 防衛装備庁長官 | 薬剤感受性測定方法 |
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