WO2016141718A1 - 直流风扇的控制系统及直流风扇 - Google Patents

直流风扇的控制系统及直流风扇 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016141718A1
WO2016141718A1 PCT/CN2015/092872 CN2015092872W WO2016141718A1 WO 2016141718 A1 WO2016141718 A1 WO 2016141718A1 CN 2015092872 W CN2015092872 W CN 2015092872W WO 2016141718 A1 WO2016141718 A1 WO 2016141718A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
power supply
switching power
voltage
resistor
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PCT/CN2015/092872
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李益爱
骆建立
陈灿
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广东美的环境电器制造有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司, 美的集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 广东美的环境电器制造有限公司
Priority to EP15884396.1A priority Critical patent/EP3270500B1/en
Priority to JP2017564787A priority patent/JP6449490B2/ja
Publication of WO2016141718A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016141718A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of household appliances, and more particularly to a control system for a direct current fan and a direct current fan.
  • Standby power refers to the power consumption of the whole machine in this state when the power supply is connected to 230V mains and connected to all loads but not started.
  • the standby power consumption of the load reaches nearly 1W.
  • the electronic equipment needs to be in standby mode, and the energy consumption requirement is less than 0.5W.
  • the low-voltage DC fan controls the on/off of the 24V motor load through a MOS tube electronic switch, and disconnects the electronic switch that controls the 24V motor in the standby state.
  • the existing low-voltage DC fan has the following disadvantages: 1) the solution cost is high; 2) the motor has a large inrush current at the start-up and start-up, which easily damages the electronic switch and shortens the life of the electronic switch; 3) even if the 24V motor load is disconnected, the fan The sum of the standby power consumption of the 24V power supply board and the control circuit is close to 0.5W, and the fluctuation is more than 0.5W, which is unstable.
  • the embodiments of the present invention aim to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the embodiment of the present invention needs to provide a DC fan control system and a DC fan.
  • a DC fan control system includes a switching power supply and a control circuit.
  • the switching power supply is used to The direct current motor of the direct current fan is connected and used to convert alternating current into direct current and output the direct current to the direct current motor.
  • the control circuit is respectively connected to the switching power supply and the DC motor, and is configured to output an operating status signal to the switching power supply.
  • the switching power supply is configured to output a corresponding operating voltage to the DC motor according to an operating state signal output by the control circuit.
  • the control circuit is configured to control an operating state of the DC motor according to the operating state signal.
  • the switching power supply outputs a corresponding working voltage to the DC motor according to the working state signal output by the control circuit, and the control system can set the corresponding standby voltage according to the standby power (for example, the power less than 0.5 W),
  • the standby power of the DC fan can be less than 0.5W.
  • the above control system also avoids the use of the electronic switch and ensures the service life of the control system.
  • the operating voltage is less than or equal to 36 volts.
  • the switching power supply comprises a switching power supply reference voltage circuit, a switching power supply sampling circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, a high frequency switching transformer circuit, a mains input and a rectification filter circuit, and an output high frequency rectification and filtering circuit.
  • the input end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit is connected to the output end of the control circuit, and the switching power supply sampling circuit is connected between the output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit and the input end of the pulse width modulation circuit.
  • the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected to the output end of the mains input and rectification filter circuit to the high frequency switch transformer circuit, and the output end of the high frequency switch transformer circuit is connected to the output high frequency rectification filter circuit.
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit is connected to the voltage output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit and the output high frequency rectifying and filtering circuit, and the voltage output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit is connected to the output high frequency rectifying and filtering circuit.
  • the switching power supply reference voltage circuit includes a regulating resistor R1, a diode D1, resistors R2 and R3, a capacitor C1, and a voltage stabilizing source IC1.
  • One end of the adjusting resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the control circuit, the other end of the adjusting resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the resistor R3, and a reference pole of the voltage stabilizing source IC1.
  • the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the voltage output terminal of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded.
  • One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the reference electrode of the voltage stabilizing source IC1, and the other end of the capacitor IC1 is the switching power supply reference voltage.
  • the cathode of the voltage stabilizing source IC1 is connected to the output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the anode grounding end of the voltage stabilizing source IC1. Adjusting the resistance of the regulating resistor R1 can change the operating voltage of the switching power supply output.
  • Uo is the switching power supply reference voltage
  • the operating voltage of the circuit output Vef is the reference voltage of the voltage regulator IC1
  • R2 is the resistance of the resistor R2
  • R3 is the resistance of the resistor R3
  • Vc is the voltage of the working state signal
  • VD is the tube voltage drop of the diode D1.
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit includes resistors R4, R5 and an optocoupler IC2.
  • One end of the resistor R4 and the first end of the optocoupler IC2 are connected to the input end of the switching power supply sampling circuit, the input end of the switching power supply sampling circuit is connected to the output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the optocoupler
  • the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the voltage output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the third end and the fourth end of the optocoupler IC2 are connected to the pulse width modulation circuit.
  • a DC fan includes a control system of a DC fan and a DC motor, and the control system of the DC fan includes a switching power supply and a control circuit.
  • the switching power supply is connected to the DC motor and is used to convert alternating current into direct current and output the direct current to the direct current motor.
  • the control circuit is respectively connected to the switching power supply and the DC motor, and is configured to output an operating status signal to the switching power supply.
  • the switching power supply outputs a corresponding operating voltage to the DC motor according to the operating state signal output by the control circuit.
  • the control circuit controls the operating state of the DC motor according to the operating state signal.
  • the switching power supply outputs a corresponding working voltage to the DC motor according to the working state signal outputted by the control circuit, and the control system can set the corresponding standby voltage according to the standby power (for example, less than 0.5 W power), thereby enabling The standby power of the DC fan is less than 0.5W.
  • the above DC fan also avoids the use of the electronic switch, ensuring the service life of the DC fan.
  • the switching power supply comprises a switching power supply reference voltage circuit, a switching power supply sampling circuit, a pulse width modulation circuit, a high frequency switching transformer circuit, a mains input and a rectification filter circuit, and an output high frequency rectification and filtering circuit.
  • An input end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit is connected to an output of the control circuit
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit is connected between an output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit and an input end of the pulse width modulation circuit.
  • the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit is connected to the output end of the mains input and rectification filter circuit to the high frequency switch transformer circuit, and the output end of the high frequency switch transformer circuit is connected to the output high frequency rectification filter circuit.
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit is connected to the voltage output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit and the output high frequency rectifying and filtering circuit, and the voltage output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit is connected to the output high frequency rectifying and filtering circuit.
  • the switching power supply reference voltage circuit includes a regulating resistor R1, a diode D1, resistors R2 and R3, a capacitor C1, and a voltage stabilizing source IC1.
  • One end of the adjusting resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the control circuit, the other end of the adjusting resistor R1 is connected to the anode of the diode D1, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the resistor R3, and a reference pole of the voltage stabilizing source IC1.
  • the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the voltage output terminal of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded.
  • One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the reference pole of the voltage stabilizing source IC1, the other end of the capacitor IC1 is the output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the cathode of the voltage stabilizing source IC1 is connected to the output end of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit, and the voltage stabilizing source IC1 Anode ground.
  • Uo is the switching power supply reference voltage
  • the operating voltage of the circuit output Vef is the reference voltage of the voltage regulator IC1
  • R2 is the resistance of the resistor R2
  • R3 is the resistance of the resistor R3
  • Vc is the voltage of the working state signal
  • VD is the tube voltage drop of the diode D1.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a DC fan according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a switching power supply according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial circuit diagram of a switching power supply in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the indicated technical features. Quantity. Thus, features defining “first” or “second” may include one or more of the described features either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a Removable connection, or integral connection; may be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication with each other; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be internal communication of two elements or two elements Interaction relationship.
  • installation may be, for example, a fixed connection or a Removable connection, or integral connection; may be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication with each other; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be internal communication of two elements or two elements Interaction relationship.
  • a DC fan 100 includes a DC fan control system 102 and a DC motor 104.
  • the DC motor 104 can be selected from a 24V DC motor.
  • the fan blades of the DC fan 100 can be mounted on the rotating shaft of the DC motor 104 and driven to rotate by the DC motor 104.
  • the DC fan control system 102 includes a switching power supply 106 and a control circuit 108.
  • the switching power supply 106 is coupled to the DC motor 104 and is configured to convert AC power to DC power and output the DC power to the DC motor 104.
  • the switching power supply 106 can be connected to an AC power source 200 having a voltage in the range of 110 to 240 V (volts), for example, an AC power source having a voltage of 230V.
  • the switching power supply 106 can convert the alternating current of the alternating current power source 200 into 24V direct current for use when the DC motor 104 is in operation.
  • switching power supply 106 also provides an operating voltage to control circuit 108.
  • the control circuit 108 is connected to the switching power supply 106 and the DC motor 104, and is configured to output an operating status signal to the switching power supply 106.
  • the working state signal is a power-on signal or a standby signal.
  • the switching power supply 106 is configured to output a corresponding operating voltage to the DC motor 104 according to the operating state signal.
  • the operating voltage may include the voltage at which the DC motor 104 is operating and the voltage at which the DC motor 104 is in standby.
  • the operating voltage can be less than or equal to 36V.
  • the switching power supply 106 when the control circuit 108 outputs a power-on signal (low-level 0V signal), the switching power supply 106 outputs a corresponding operating voltage to the DC motor 104 according to the power-on signal, such as a running voltage of 24V; when the control circuit 108 outputs standby When the signal (high level 5V signal), the switching power supply 106 outputs a corresponding standby voltage to the DC motor 104 according to the standby signal, such as a standby voltage of 9 to 11V, preferably 10V.
  • the standby signal such as a standby voltage of 9 to 11V, preferably 10V.
  • the control circuit 108 is configured to control the operating state of the DC motor 104 based on the operating state signal. For example, the control circuit 108 outputs a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control signal to the DC motor 104 to control the operation of the DC motor 104.
  • PWM Pulse Width Modulation
  • the control circuit 108 controls the rotation of the DC motor 104 through the PWM control signal. Work status signal is waiting At the time of the machine signal, the control circuit 108 controls the DC motor 104 to stop rotating by the PWM control signal.
  • the switching power supply 106 includes a switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110, a switching power supply sampling circuit 112, a pulse width modulation circuit 114, a high frequency switching transformer circuit 116, a mains input and rectification filter circuit 118, and an output. High frequency rectification filter circuit 120.
  • the input end 122 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 is connected to the output end of the control circuit 108.
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit 112 is connected to the output end 124 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 and the input end of the pulse width modulation circuit 114. between.
  • the output end of the pulse width modulation circuit 114 and the output end of the mains input and rectification filter circuit 118 are connected to the high frequency switch transformer circuit 116.
  • the output end of the high frequency switch transformer circuit 116 is connected to the output high frequency rectification filter. Circuit 120.
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit 112 is connected to the voltage output terminal 126 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 and the output high frequency rectifying and filtering circuit 120.
  • the voltage output terminal 126 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 is connected to the output high frequency rectifying and filtering circuit 120. .
  • the control system 102 of the DC fan changes the output voltage Uo of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 by changing the parameters of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110. Therefore, the specific circuit structure of the pulse width modulation circuit 114, the high frequency switching transformer circuit 116, the mains input and rectification filter circuit 118, and the output high frequency rectification filter circuit 120 is not developed in detail.
  • the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 includes a regulating resistor R1, a diode D1, resistors R2 and R3, a capacitor C1, and a voltage stabilizing source IC1.
  • One end of the adjusting resistor R1 is connected to the output end of the control circuit 108, the other end of the adjusting resistor R1 is connected to the positive pole of the diode D1, and the negative terminal of the diode D1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the resistor R3, and a reference pole of the voltage stabilizing source IC1.
  • the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the voltage output terminal 126 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110, and the other end of the resistor R3 is grounded.
  • One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the reference pole 128 of the voltage stabilizing source IC1, the other end of the capacitor IC1 is connected to the output end 124 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110, and the cathode 129 of the voltage stabilizing source IC1 is connected to the switching power supply.
  • the output terminal 124 of the reference voltage circuit 110 and the anode 131 of the voltage stabilizing source IC1 are grounded.
  • the reference pole 128 of the regulated source IC1 is the reference pole of its internal operational amplifier.
  • the switching power supply sampling circuit 112 includes resistors R4 and R5 and an optocoupler IC2. One end of the resistor R4 and the first end A of the optocoupler IC2 are connected to the input end 130 of the switching power supply sampling circuit 112. The input end 130 of the switching power supply sampling circuit 112 is connected to the output end 124 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110. The other end of R4 is connected to the second end B of the optocoupler IC2 and one end of the resistor R5.
  • the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the voltage output terminal 126 of the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110.
  • the third terminal C and the fourth terminal D of the optocoupler IC 2 are connected to the pulse width modulation circuit 114.
  • the operating voltage Uo outputted by the switching power supply reference voltage circuit 110 can be changed by adjusting the resistance of the adjusting resistor R1.
  • Working voltage. The output voltage is more Low, the lower the standby power consumption. Therefore, by adjusting the resistance of the resistor R1, the standby power consumption of the entire DC fan 100 is lowered as the voltage is lowered, and is less than 0.5 W.
  • the switching power supply 106 outputs a corresponding voltage to the DC motor 104 according to the operating state signal output by the control circuit 108, and the DC fan 100 can be set according to the standby power (for example, less than 0.5 W).
  • the standby voltage can be set so that the standby power of the DC fan 100 as a whole can be less than 0.5 W.
  • the DC fan 100 can also avoid the use of the electronic switch and ensure the service life of the DC fan 100.
  • control scheme of the DC fan 100 described above is simple, and the reliability of the product can be improved while reducing the cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

一种直流风扇的控制系统，包括开关电源（106）及控制电路（108），其中，开关电源（106）与直流风扇的直流电机（104）连接，输出直流电至直流电机（104），控制电路（108）输出工作状态信号至开关电源（106），开关电源（106）根据工作状态信号输出相应的工作电压至直流电机（104），控制电路（108）根据工作状态信号控制直流电机（104）的工作状态。上述直流风扇的控制系统可根据待机功率（例如小于0.5W）设定相应的待机电压，因此能够使直流风扇整体的待机功率小于0.5W，同时避免使用电子开关，保证控制系统的使用寿命。还公开了一种直流风扇。

Description

直流风扇的控制系统及直流风扇
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请请求在中国知识产权局专利局于2015年3月12日申请的，题为“直流风扇的控制系统及直流风扇”，申请号为201510109251.8的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本发明涉及于家用电器领域，更具体而言，涉及一种直流风扇的控制系统及一种直流风扇。
背景技术
待机功耗指的是电源连接上230V市电并且连接好一切负载但并不启动，在这种状态下整机的功耗。
在现有的24V低压直流风扇，在待机状态下，负载的待机功耗达到将近1W。而随着人类对能源的重视，电子设备需在待机状态下，能耗要求小于0.5W。在现有技术中，该低压直流风扇通过一个MOS管电子开关控制24V电机负载的通断，在待机状态下断开控制24V电机的电子开关。但是，现有的低压直流风扇存在以下缺点：1)方案成本高；2)电机在开通启动瞬间冲击电流大，容易损坏电子开关，缩短电子开关的寿命；3)即使断开24V电机负载，风扇的24V电源板和控制电路的待机功耗之和接近0.5W，稍有些波动就会超过0.5W，不稳定。
发明内容
本发明实施例旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明实施例需要提供一种直流风扇的控制系统及一种直流风扇。
一种直流风扇的控制系统，包括开关电源及控制电路。该开关电源用于与 该直流风扇的直流电机连接，并用于将交流电转换为直流电并输出该直流电至该直流电机。该控制电路分别与该开关电源及该直流电机连接，并用于输出工作状态信号至该开关电源。该开关电源根据该控制电路输出的工作状态信号，用于输出相应的工作电压至该直流电机。该控制电路根据该工作状态信号用于控制该直流电机的工作状态。
上述直流风扇的控制系统中，开关电源根据控制电路输出的工作状态信号输出相应的工作电压至直流电机，控制系统可根据待机的功率(如小于0.5W的功率)设定相应的待机电压，因此，能够使直流风扇整体的待机功率小于0.5W，同时，上述控制系统也避免电子开关的使用，保证了控制系统的使用寿命。
在一个实施例中，该工作电压为小于等于36伏。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源包括开关电源基准电压电路、开关电源采样电路、脉宽调制电路、高频开关变压电路、市电输入及整流滤波电路与输出高频整流滤波电路。开关电源基准电压电路的输入端连接该控制电路的输出端，开关电源采样电路连接在开关电源基准电压电路的输出端与该脉宽调制电路的输入端之间。该脉宽调制电路的输出端与该市电输入及整流滤波电路的输出端连接该高频开关变压电路，该高频开关变压电路的输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路。该开关电源采样电路连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端及该输出高频整流滤波电路，该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源基准电压电路包括调节电阻R1、二极管D1、电阻R2、R3、电容C1及稳压源IC1。调节电阻R1的一端连接该控制电路的输出端，调节电阻R1的另一端连接二极管D1的正极，二极管D1的负极连接电阻R2的一端、电阻R3的一端及稳压源IC1的参考极。电阻R2的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端，电阻R3的另一端接地端。电容C1的一端连接稳压源IC1的参考极，电容IC1的另一端该开关电源基准电压 电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阴极连接该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阳极接地端。调整调节电阻R1的阻值能够改变该开关电源输出的工作电压。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源基准电压电路输出的电压由以下公式确定：(Uo-Vef)/R2+(Vc-VD-Vef)/R1＝Vef/R3，其中，Uo为该开关电源基准电压电路输出的工作电压，Vef为稳压源IC1的基准电压，R2为电阻R2的阻值，R3为电阻R3的阻值，Vc为该工作状态信号的电压，VD为二极管D1的管压降。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源采样电路包括电阻R4、R5及光耦IC2。电阻R4的一端及光耦IC2的第一端均连接该开关电源采样电路的输入端，该开关电源采样电路的输入端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，电阻R4的另一端连接光耦IC2的第二端及电阻R5的一端。电阻R5的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端，光耦IC2的第三端及第四端连接该脉宽调制电路。
一种直流风扇，包括直流风扇的控制系统及直流电机，该直流风扇的控制系统包括开关电源及控制电路。该开关电源与该直流电机连接，并用于将交流电转换为直流电并输出该直流电至该直流电机。该控制电路分别与该开关电源及该直流电机连接，并用于输出工作状态信号至该开关电源。该开关电源根据该控制电路输出的该工作状态信号，输出相应的工作电压至该直流电机。该控制电路根据该工作状态信号控制该直流电机的工作状态。
上述直流风扇中，开关电源根据控制电路输出的工作状态信号输出相应的工作电压至直流电机，控制系统可根据待机的功率(如小于0.5W的功率)设定相应的待机电压，因此，能够使直流风扇整体的待机功率小于0.5W，同时，上述直流风扇也避免电子开关的使用，保证了直流风扇的使用寿命。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源包括开关电源基准电压电路、开关电源采样电路、脉宽调制电路、高频开关变压电路、市电输入及整流滤波电路与输出高频整流滤波电路。该开关电源基准电压电路的输入端连接该控制电路的输出 端，该开关电源采样电路连接在该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端与该脉宽调制电路的输入端之间。该脉宽调制电路的输出端与该市电输入及整流滤波电路的输出端连接该高频开关变压电路，该高频开关变压电路的输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路。该开关电源采样电路连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端及该输出高频整流滤波电路，该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源基准电压电路包括调节电阻R1、二极管D1、电阻R2、R3、电容C1及稳压源IC1。调节电阻R1的一端连接该控制电路的输出端，调节电阻R1的另一端连接二极管D1的正极，二极管D1的负极连接电阻R2的一端、电阻R3的一端及稳压源IC1的参考极。电阻R2的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端，电阻R3的另一端接地端。电容C1的一端连接稳压源IC1的参考极，电容IC1的另一端该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阴极连接该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阳极接地端。调节电阻R1的阻值越大，该开关电源基准电压电路输出至该直流电机的电压越小。
在一个实施例中，该开关电源基准电压电路输出的电压由以下公式确定：(Uo-Vef)/R2+(Vc-VD-Vef)/R1＝Vef/R3，其中，Uo为该开关电源基准电压电路输出的工作电压，Vef为稳压源IC1的基准电压，R2为电阻R2的阻值，R3为电阻R3的阻值，Vc为该工作状态信号的电压，VD为二极管D1的管压降。
本发明实施例的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明实施例的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明实施例的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本发明较佳实施例的直流风扇的模块示意图；
图2是本发明较佳实施例的开关电源的模块示意图；及
图3是本发明较佳实施例的开关电源的部分电路示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。在本发明实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通信；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施例或例子用来实现本发明的不同结构。为了简化本发明的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设定进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本发明。此外，本发明可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施例和/或设定之间的关系。此外，本发明实施例提供了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。
请参阅图1～图3，本发明较佳实施例的直流风扇100包括直流风扇的控制系统102及直流电机104。本实施例中，直流电机104可选用24V的直流电机，直流风扇100的扇叶可安装在直流电机104的转轴上，并由直流电机104驱动转动。
直流风扇的控制系统102包括开关电源106及控制电路108。
该开关电源106与该直流电机104连接，并用于将交流电转换为直流电并输出该直流电至该直流电机104。如图1所示，开关电源106可与电压为110～240V(伏)范围的交流电源200连接，例如电压为230V的交流电源。本实施例中，开关电源106可将交流电源200的交流电转换为24V的直流电以供直流电机104工作时使用。同时，开关电源106也提供工作电压至控制电路108。
该控制电路108分别与该开关电源106及该直流电机104连接，并用于输出工作状态信号至该开关电源106。本实施例中，工作状态信号为开机信号或待机信号。
该开关电源106根据该工作状态信号，用于输出相应的工作电压至该直流电机104。工作电压可包括直流电机104运转时的电压及直流电机104待机时的电压。该工作电压可小于等于36V。
例如，当控制电路108输出开机信号(低电平0V信号)时，开关电源106根据该开机信号，输出相应的工作电压至直流电机104，如电压为24V的运转电压；当控制电路108输出待机信号(高电平5V信号)时，开关电源106根据该待机信号，输出相应的待机电压至直流电机104，如电压为9～11V，较佳地为10V的待机电压。
该控制电路108根据该工作状态信号用于控制该直流电机104的工作状态。例如，控制电路108输出PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)控制信号至直流电机104以控制直流电机104的运转，当工作状态信号为开机信号时，控制电路108通过PWM控制信号控制直流电机104的转动，当工作状态信号为待 机信号时，控制电路108通过PWM控制信号控制直流电机104停止转动。
具体地，请结合图2，该开关电源106包括开关电源基准电压电路110、开关电源采样电路112、脉宽调制电路114、高频开关变压电路116、市电输入及整流滤波电路118与输出高频整流滤波电路120。
该开关电源基准电压电路110的输入端122连接该控制电路108的输出端，该开关电源采样电路112连接在该开关电源基准电压电路110的输出端124与该脉宽调制电路114的输入端之间。
该脉宽调制电路114的输出端与该市电输入及整流滤波电路118的输出端连接该高频开关变压电路116，该高频开关变压电路116的输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路120。
该开关电源采样电路112连接该开关电源基准电压电路110的电压输出端126及该输出高频整流滤波电路120，该开关电源基准电压电路110的电压输出端126连接该输出高频整流滤波电路120。
本实施例中，直流风扇的控制系统102通过改变开关电源基准电压电路110的参数，从而改变开关电源基准电压电路110的输出电压Uo。因此，对于脉宽调制电路114、高频开关变压电路116、市电输入及整流滤波电路118与输出高频整流滤波电路120的具体电路结构不再详细展开。
该开关电源基准电压电路110包括调节电阻R1、二极管D1、电阻R2、R3、电容C1及稳压源IC1。
调节电阻R1的一端连接该控制电路108的输出端，调节电阻R1的另一端连接二极管D1的正极，二极管D1的负极连接电阻R2的一端、电阻R3的一端及稳压源IC1的参考极。
电阻R2的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路110的电压输出端126，电阻R3的另一端接地端。
电容C1的一端连接稳压源IC1的参考极128，电容IC1的另一端该开关电源基准电压电路110的输出端124，稳压源IC1的阴极129连接该开关电源 基准电压电路110的输出端124，稳压源IC1的阳极131接地端。
调节电阻R1的阻值越大，该开关电源基准电压电路110输出至该直流电机104的电压越小。稳压源IC1的参考极128为其内部运放的参考极。
该开关电源采样电路112包括电阻R4、R5及光耦IC2。电阻R4的一端及光耦IC2的第一端A均连接该开关电源采样电路112的输入端130，该开关电源采样电路112的输入端130连接该开关电源基准电压电路110的输出端124，电阻R4的另一端连接光耦IC2的第二端B及电阻R5的一端。
电阻R5的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路110的电压输出端126，光耦IC2的第三端C及第四端D连接该脉宽调制电路114。
该开关电源基准电压电路110输出的电压由以下公式确定：(Uo-Vef)/R2+(Vc-VD-Vef)/R1＝Vef/R3，其中，Uo为该开关电源基准电压电路110输出的电压，Vef为稳压源IC1的基准电压，R2为电阻R2的阻值，R3为电阻R3的阻值，Vc为该工作状态信号的电压，VD为二极管D1的管压降。
以下举例说明上述的直流风扇的控制系统102的控制原理。
R2＝154KΩ，R3＝17.8KΩ，稳压源IC1采用TL431，因此Vef＝2.5V，二极管D1的管压降VD＝0.6V，光耦IC2采用817C。在开机状态下，控制电路108输出开机信号(低电平0V的信号)至开关电源，因此上述公式变为(Uo-Vef)/R2＝Vef/R3，故Uo＝Vef(R2+R3)/R3＝24V。
在待机状态下，控制电路108输出待机信号(高电平5V的信号)至开关电源106，因此，(Uo-Vef)/R2+(Vc-VD-Vef)/R1＝Vef/R3变为：
(Uo-2.5V)/154kΩ+(5V-0.6V-2.5V)/R1＝2.5V/17.8kΩ；
即Uo＝24.1V-292.6/R1  (2)。
由上述公式(2)可知，通过调整调节电阻R1的阻值能够改变开关电源基准电压电路110输出的工作电压Uo。电阻R1的阻值越大，输出电压Uo越大，电阻R1的阻值越小，输出电压Uo越小，即通过调整电阻R1的阻值即可调整开关电源基准电压电路110输出至直流电机104的工作电压。输出电压越 低，待机功耗越小。因此，可通过调整电阻R1的阻值，使整个直流风扇100的待机功耗随着电压降低而降低，达到0.5W以下。
综上所述，上述直流风扇100中，开关电源106根据控制电路108输出的工作状态信号输出相应的电压至直流电机104，直流风扇100可根据待机的功率(如小于0.5W的功率)设定相应的待机电压，因此，能够使直流风扇100整体的待机功率小于0.5W，同时，上述直流风扇100也避免电子开关的使用，保证了直流风扇100的使用寿命。
进一步地，上述直流风扇100的控制方案简单，可提高产品的可靠性，同时降低成本。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合所述实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种直流风扇的控制系统，其特征在于，包括开关电源及控制电路；
    该开关电源用于与该直流风扇的直流电机连接，并用于将交流电转换为直流电并输出该直流电至该直流电机；
    该控制电路分别与该开关电源及该直流电机连接，并用于输出工作状态信号至该开关电源；
    该开关电源根据该控制电路输出的工作状态信号，用于输出相应的工作电压至该直流电机；
    该控制电路根据该工作状态信号用于控制该直流电机的工作状态。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的直流风扇的控制系统，其特征在于，该工作电压为小于或等于36伏。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的直流风扇的控制系统，其特征在于，该开关电源包括开关电源基准电压电路、开关电源采样电路、脉宽调制电路、高频开关变压电路、市电输入及整流滤波电路与输出高频整流滤波电路。
    开关电源基准电压电路的输入端连接该控制电路的输出端，开关电源采样电路连接在开关电源基准电压电路的输出端与该脉宽调制电路的输入端之间；
    该脉宽调制电路的输出端与该市电输入及整流滤波电路的输出端连接该高频开关变压电路，该高频开关变压电路的输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路；
    该开关电源采样电路连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端及该输出高频整流滤波电路，该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的直流风扇的控制系统，其特征在于，该开关电源基准电压电路包括调节电阻R1、二极管D1、电阻R2、R3、电容C1及稳压 源IC1；
    调节电阻R1的一端连接该控制电路的输出端，调节电阻R1的另一端连接二极管D1的正极，二极管D1的负极连接电阻R2的一端、电阻R3的一端及稳压源IC1的参考极；
    电阻R2的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端，电阻R3的另一端接地端；
    电容C1的一端连接稳压源IC1的参考极，电容IC1的另一端该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阴极连接该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阳极接地端；
    调整调节电阻R1的阻值能够改变该开关电源输出的工作电压。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的直流风扇的控制系统，其特征在于，该开关电源基准电压电路输出的电压由以下公式确定：(Uo-Vef)/R2+(Vc-VD-Vef)/R1＝Vef/R3，其中，Uo为该开关电源基准电压电路输出的工作电压，Vef为稳压源IC1的基准电压，R2为电阻R2的阻值，R3为电阻R3的阻值，Vc为该工作状态信号的电压，VD为二极管D1的管压降。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的直流风扇的控制系统，其特征在于，该开关电源采样电路包括电阻R4、R5及光耦IC2；
    电阻R4的一端及光耦IC2的第一端均连接该开关电源采样电路的输入端，该开关电源采样电路的输入端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，电阻R4的另一端连接光耦IC2的第二端及电阻R5的一端；
    电阻R5的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端，光耦IC2的第三端及第四端连接该脉宽调制电路。
  7. 一种直流风扇，其特征在于，包括直流风扇的控制系统及直流电机，该直流风扇的控制系统包括开关电源及控制电路；
    该开关电源与该直流电机连接，并用于将交流电转换为直流电并输出该直流电至该直流电机；
    该控制电路分别与该开关电源及该直流电机连接，并用于输出工作状态信号至该开关电源；
    该开关电源根据该控制电路输出的该工作状态信号，输出相应的工作电压至该直流电机；
    该控制电路根据该工作状态信号控制该直流电机的工作状态。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的直流风扇，其特征在于，该开关电源包括开关电源基准电压电路、开关电源采样电路、脉宽调制电路、高频开关变压电路、市电输入及整流滤波电路与输出高频整流滤波电路；
    该开关电源基准电压电路的输入端连接该控制电路的输出端，该开关电源采样电路连接在该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端与该脉宽调制电路的输入端之间；
    该脉宽调制电路的输出端与该市电输入及整流滤波电路的输出端连接该高频开关变压电路，该高频开关变压电路的输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路；
    该开关电源采样电路连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端及该输出高频整流滤波电路，该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端连接该输出高频整流滤波电路。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的直流风扇，其特征在于，该开关电源基准电压电路包括调节电阻R1、二极管D1、电阻R2、R3、电容C1及稳压源IC1；
    调节电阻R1的一端连接该控制电路的输出端，调节电阻R1的另一端连接二极管D1的正极，二极管D1的负极连接电阻R2的一端、电阻R3的一端及稳压源IC1的参考极；
    电阻R2的另一端连接该开关电源基准电压电路的电压输出端，电阻R3的另一端接地端；
    电容C1的一端连接稳压源IC1的参考极，电容IC1的另一端该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阴极连接该开关电源基准电压电路的输出端，稳压源IC1的阳极接地端；
    调节电阻R1的阻值越大，该开关电源基准电压电路输出至该直流电机的电压越小。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的直流风扇，其特征在于，该开关电源基准电压电路输出的电压由以下公式确定：(Uo-Vef)/R2+(Vc-VD-Vef)/R1＝Vef/R3，其中，Uo为该开关电源基准电压电路输出的工作电压，Vef为稳压源IC1的基准电压，R2为电阻R2的阻值，R3为电阻R3的阻值，Vc为该工作状态信号的电压，VD为二极管D1的管压降。
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