WO2016121963A1 - 機能性飼料 - Google Patents
機能性飼料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016121963A1 WO2016121963A1 PCT/JP2016/052752 JP2016052752W WO2016121963A1 WO 2016121963 A1 WO2016121963 A1 WO 2016121963A1 JP 2016052752 W JP2016052752 W JP 2016052752W WO 2016121963 A1 WO2016121963 A1 WO 2016121963A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- egg
- laying
- cashew nut
- rate
- nut shell
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/60—Salicylic acid; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
- A61K31/05—Phenols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/192—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having aromatic groups, e.g. sulindac, 2-aryl-propionic acids, ethacrynic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/22—Anacardiaceae (Sumac family), e.g. smoketree, sumac or poison oak
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
- A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S426/00—Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
- Y10S426/807—Poultry or ruminant feed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an egg-laying rate improving agent for egg-laying hens, quail or meat breeders containing unheated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol, and egg-laying chicken and quail using the same Alternatively, the present invention relates to a meat breeder feed and an egg production method.
- Egg-laying hens aim to collect eggs once a day, and improve the productivity by adding not only nutrition management and disease management, but also day-length treatment.
- a decrease in egg-laying rate and egg quality due to its physiology, a decrease in egg-laying rate and egg quality, particularly a decrease in eggshell strength, are observed with aging, and a decrease in productivity is inevitable.
- problems such as poor immune function and poor recovery from egg loss due to poor nutrition.
- Induction molting method and egg-laying rate of Non-Patent Document 1, even if the low-nutrition feed switching method that continues feeding with a low mortality rate compared to other molting methods is used, It is described that about 30% of the farmers have an egg-laying rate exceeding 85%, and only about 10% are 90% or more.
- (6) Method of induction molting and mortality in Non-Patent Document 1, the average mortality of egg-laying hens after molting is 5.6% or more even when the low nutrient feed switching method is used. It is described that 80% of the farmers have a mortality rate exceeding 3%.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-231410 describes a coccidiosis-reducing agent for poultry of meat chickens such as broilers, which contains cashew nut shell liquid and / or alcaldic acids as active ingredients. Has been.
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
- 2001-151675 is characterized by containing, as an active ingredient, at least one selected from an organic zinc compound, betaine, and Bacillus, together with cashew nut oil and / or anacardic acids. And feed for prevention and / or treatment of coccidiosis in poultry of beef chickens such as broilers.
- cashew nut shell oil can improve the egg-laying rate of egg-laying chickens, quails or meat breeders, and can reduce the rate of depletion of egg-laying chickens during molting.
- This invention makes it a subject to improve the egg-laying rate of egg-laying chickens, quail or meat breeders, to reduce the depletion rate during forced or induced molting, and to improve the egg-laying rate after molting. That is, an object of the present invention is to improve the productivity (spawning) of egg-laying chickens, quail or meat breeders.
- the present inventors have found that when non-heated cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol are used, the egg-laying rate of egg-laying chickens It has been found that there is an effect on improvement of the rate, reduction of wear rate during forced molting or induction molting, and improvement of the egg-laying rate after molting. The present inventors have thus completed the present invention.
- the present invention is as follows.
- An egg-laying rate improver for egg-laying hens, quail or meat breeders comprising non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol.
- a method for improving the egg-laying rate comprising administering the feed according to (7) or (8) to an egg-laying chicken, a quail or a meat breeder.
- An egg production method comprising administering the feed according to (7) or (8) to an egg-collecting chicken, a quail or a meat breeder.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the egg-laying chicken, quail or meat breeding chicken of the present invention or a feed containing this By using the egg-laying rate improver of the egg-laying chicken, quail or meat breeding chicken of the present invention or a feed containing this, the egg-laying rate and egg-laying sustainability of the egg-laying chicken, quail or meat breeding chicken can be improved.
- the egg-laying ratio improving agent of the egg-laying hen of the present invention or a feed containing the same it is possible to reduce the depletion rate at the time of induction molting or forced molting of the egg-laying hen.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention is characterized by containing non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol.
- Cashew nut shell oil is an oily liquid contained in the shell of cashew nut coconut tree (Anacardium occidentale L.).
- Cashew nut shell oil contains anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol as its components. In general, anacardic acid is converted to cardanol by heat treatment.
- Cashew nut shell oil (non-heated) extracted by squeezing cashew nut shell is 55-80 mass% anacardic acid, cardanol as described in J.JAgric. Food Chem. 2001, 49, 2548-2551 5 to 20% by mass and cardol 5 to 30% by mass.
- the heat-treated cashew nut shell oil obtained by heat treating cashew nut shell oil at 70 ° C.
- Cashew nut shell oil obtained by storing cashew nut shell oil at room temperature (20 ° C) for about one year or longer may be converted to cardanol by decarboxylation of anacardic acid, which is the main component of cashew nut shell oil. It contains 0 to 40% by mass of acid, 30 to 80% by mass of cardanol, and 5 to 30% by mass of cardol.
- Cashew nut shell oil can be obtained as a vegetable oil extracted by pressing cashew nut shells. Moreover, cashew nut shell liquid can also be obtained by extraction, for example, solvent extraction of cashew nut shell. Further, cashew nut shell liquid can be obtained by a method described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-231410), for example, by a solvent extraction method. In addition, the cashew nut shell oil may be a shell containing cashew nut shell oil obtained by pulverizing and crushing a cashew nut shell, or a cashew nut shell containing cashew nut shell oil. Cashew nut skin is the thin skin between the cashew nut shell and the embryo.
- a commercially available cashew nut shell liquid can also be used.
- the heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid of the present invention can be obtained by heating the cashew nut shell oil (non-heated) obtained as described above to 70 ° C or higher, preferably 130 ° C or higher.
- cashew nut shell liquid obtained by storing cashew nut shell oil at room temperature (20 ° C.) for about one year or more may be used.
- the heat-treated cashew nut shell oil of the present invention may be a shell containing cashew nut shell oil obtained by pulverizing and crushing a heated cashew nut shell, or a heated cashew nut shell containing cashew nut shell oil.
- Non-heated cashew nut shell liquid of the present invention may cause death of poultry (chicken, etc.), depending on the antibiotics and feeds fed, which may cause symptoms of side effects such as decreased digestibility, diarrhea and anorexia.
- Heat-treated cashew nut shell oil has no side-effect problems.
- the content of cashew nut shell oil in the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention is preferably 0.001% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 0.01% by mass to 90% by mass, and most preferably 0.1% by mass. ⁇ 80% by mass. If it is 0.001 mass% or more, a predetermined amount of chemicals can provide an effect of improving the egg-laying rate, an effect of improving the egg-laying sustainability, an effect of reducing the depletion rate and the like.
- the content of the egg-laying rate improving agent in the feed additive of the present invention is preferably 0.01% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 0.05% by mass to 100% by mass, and most preferably 0.1% by mass. To 100% by mass.
- the content of the feed additive in the feed of the present invention is preferably 0.005% by mass to 20% by mass, more preferably 0.01% by mass to 20% by mass, and further preferably 0.05% by mass to 20% by mass. %.
- the content of cashew nut shell liquid in the feed is 0.0001% by mass to 10.0% by mass, preferably 0.0001% by mass to 5%.
- 0.0 mass% more preferably 0.0001 mass% to 3.0 mass%, still more preferably 0.0001 mass% to 2.0 mass%, particularly preferably 0.0001 mass% to 0.1 mass%
- the content may be 0.0001 mass% to 0.05 mass% or 0.0001 mass% to 0.01 mass%. If it is 0.0001% by mass or more, a predetermined amount of feed can provide an effect of improving the egg-laying rate, an effect of improving the egg-laying sustainability, an effect of reducing the depletion rate, and the like.
- the cashew nut shell oil used in the present invention may be used as it is or after pulverized and crushed, or the cashew nut skin may be used.
- Converted to oil (CNSL) (cashew nut shell contains 25-30% by mass of CNSL, and cashew nut peel contains 0.5-3.0% by mass of CNSL), improving the egg-laying rate What is necessary is just to let content in an agent, a feed additive, and feed be in the said range.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention may contain anacardic acid, cardanol or cardol instead of cashew nut shell liquid.
- anacardic acid used in the present invention examples include natural products anacardic acid, synthetic anacardic acid, and derivatives thereof. Commercial anacardic acid may also be used.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-231410
- anacardic acid is obtained by using cashew nut oil obtained by extracting cashew nut shells with an organic solvent using, for example, silica gel column chromatography. It can be obtained by changing the ratio of the mixed solvent of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and acetic acid (JP-A-3-240721, JP-A-3-240716, etc.).
- Such anacardic acid has the same content as cashew nut shell liquid and can be included in the egg-laying rate improver, feed additive, and feed.
- the cardanol used in the present invention includes natural product cardanol, synthetic cardanol, and derivatives thereof.
- the cardanol used in the present invention can be obtained by decarboxylating anacardic acid, which is the main component of cashew nut shell liquid.
- Such cardanol has the same content as cashew nut shell liquid and can be included in the egg-laying rate improver, feed additive, and feed.
- the cardol used in the present invention includes a natural product cardol, a synthetic cardol, and derivatives thereof.
- the cardol used in the present invention can also be obtained by purification from cashew nut shell liquid.
- Such cardol has the same content as cashew nut shell liquid and can be included in the egg-laying rate improver, feed additive, and feed.
- Examples of the animal that is the target of the egg-laying-rate improving agent of the present invention include a chicken or quail for egg collection, or a seed chicken for meat chicken that accompanies production of a practical chicken for meat. Further, these may be original species.
- the egg-collecting chickens may be not only the original and breeding chickens for egg collection, but also practical chickens, hybrids, and improved breeds produced by genetic improvement.
- Seeds, arbor aca species, Hinouchi chicken species, Satsuma chicken species, Nagoya species, etc., are not limited to this variety as long as they are used for egg collection to produce production chickens.
- chicken species that are targets of the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention are preferably Julia species, Julialite species, Babcock B400 species, Novogen White species, Novogen Brown species and Sonia species.
- Examples of quail for egg collection include white quail, red quail, Japanese quail, quail quail, white quail, janeiro quail, long-tailed quail, quail quail, European quail, white quail, quail quail, European quail, quail quail, Examples include quail quail, vulture quail, long-tailed quail, gear quail, and red-tailed quail.
- the egg-laying hen that is the target of the egg-laying-rate improving agent of the present invention is not limited to any breeding method. Moreover, the egg-laying hen which is not infected with coccidiosis is preferable.
- the timing of feeding non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol may be any time between hatching and 36 months of age. It is preferably hatched to 18 months old, which is generally used in practical chickens. If it includes a maternity period, it is hatched to 21 months old, but it is limited to this age as long as it matches the breeding style of each chicken farmer. Absent.
- egg laying starts from the first birth (150-160 days of age), and the egg quality decreases from about 10 months of age, so that there is a period of maternity (forced molting or induction molting) to improve the egg quality and egg production rate.
- the low nutrient feed is characterized by low energy and low protein, and further aims to maintain the survival rate while promoting molting by reducing the amount and frequency of feeding.
- the egg-laying-rate improving agent of the present invention is preferably administered to the quail between hatching and 23 months of age, but is not limited to that age as long as it is used for egg collection.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention is administered to egg-laying chickens, quail or meat seed chickens, so that non-heated cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol are not administered or not administered Compared to controls, for example, the survival rate and egg-laying rate are improved, the cumulative feed demand rate is improved, or the weight loss rate compared to before the molting treatment is based on -25 to -35%. Is preferred. More preferably, it is -25 to -30%. The rate of depletion (moribund rate) during moulting processing decreases while promoting maternity as it approaches -30%.
- the egg-laying rate of 90% persists for 90 days or more after moulting, or is depleted during moulting processing.
- the rate is reduced to 2% or less.
- the egg-laying rate improving agent of the present invention is administered to egg-laying hens, the egg-laying rate is improved and the depletion rate is reduced. Suppressing the decrease in eggshell strength associated therewith), shortening the maternity period after molting, and improving the feed demand rate are expected. That is, the egg-laying rate improving agent of the present invention increases the number of days of egg collection, and can contribute to the improvement of the productivity of egg-collecting chickens, quails or meat breeders.
- spawning rate refers to a numerical value indicating the proportion of chickens or quails that actually lay eggs among all chickens or quails in a group.
- the egg-laying rate becomes 90%.
- the so-called “Henhouse spawning rate” and “Hendy spawning rate” as the egg-laying rate taking into account the age and period of the beginning of laying and the reduction in the number of wings due to abandoned chickens.
- “Henhouse spawning rate” is a numerical value that represents the spawning rate of chickens.
- the number of eggs laid between 20 and 72 weeks of hen is calculated at the time of departure (at the time of 20 weeks).
- the egg-laying rate for 52 weeks calculated by the number of wings.
- “Hendy spawning rate” is a numerical value that represents the spawning rate of chickens.
- the number of eggs laid between 20 and 72 weeks old (spawning period 365 days) is the number of remaining chicken wings
- the egg-laying rate for 52 weeks calculated by subtracting the number of wings).
- “improvement of egg quality” refers to, for example, reduction of an abnormal egg rate, maintenance of appropriate egg weight, improvement of eggshell strength, and improvement of a how unit.
- Abnormal eggs refer to compound yellow eggs, broken eggs, soft eggs, and bloody eggs.
- the appropriate egg weight varies depending on the chicken species, but is generally 40 to 76 g (SS to LL) in the case of julialite species.
- Eggshell strength is related to eggshell thickness and the degree of egg breakage.
- the general value of eggshell strength varies depending on the chicken species, but in the case of Julialite species, the average value is about 3.00 to 4.30 kg / cm 2 .
- the “how unit” (one index indicating the freshness of eggs) is usually about 80 to 100 in the case of Julialite.
- the “feed requirement rate” is determined from the amount of feed intake required to obtain the production weight per unit as follows.
- Feed demand rate feed intake (g) / production weight (g)
- continuous of egg collection refers to securing peak egg production of chickens and maximizing the subsequent egg production rate in order to maximize the efficiency of egg collection.
- target number of days for “continuation of egg collection” varies depending on the type of chicken and breeding method, how to continue the number of days with an egg-laying rate of 90% or more is an economic index for Julialite.
- sustained egg collection means, for example, that the egg-laying rate of 85%, preferably 90% or more, lasts 60 days or more, preferably 90 days or more.
- the dosage form of the egg-laying rate improving agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be any form such as powder, pellet, granule, liquid, solid, tablet, capsule, emulsion, and the like.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention is produced by mixing and formulating non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol and / or cardol, and optional components as necessary. be able to.
- the cashew nut shell containing cashew nut shell oil, the crushed and crushed cashew nut shell, and the cashew nut peel may be directly mixed with other optional ingredients to form the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention. it can.
- the cashew nut shell itself, the crushed and crushed cashew nut shell itself, or the cashew nut shell itself can be used as a feed additive and further as a feed.
- the egg-laying-rate improving agent of the present invention may be a powder containing silica, for example, silica having an average particle size of 150 ⁇ m or more, non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or Cardol is adsorbed and contained in silica.
- silica for example, silica having an average particle size of 150 ⁇ m or more, non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or Cardol is adsorbed and contained in silica.
- Such a silica preparation is described, for example, in International Publication WO2009 / 151048.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention includes non-heated cashew nut shell liquid, heat-treated cashew nut shell oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol, calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, montmorillonite, zeolite, perlite, acid clay, Activated clay and silicic acid may be mixed as appropriate to form a feed additive.
- Such an oil absorbing agent is described in, for example, WO 2011/013592 pamphlet.
- the egg-laying rate improver of the present invention can be mixed with other feed ingredients used in poultry food and poultry supplements (hereinafter referred to as feed) to obtain feed.
- feed poultry food and poultry supplements
- the type of feed and ingredients other than cashew nut shell liquid are not particularly limited.
- the feed is for poultry such as chickens and quails.
- the feed of the present invention can be produced by adding a feed additive to a feed component as it is and mixing them.
- the feed additive may be in a liquid or gel form for easy mixing.
- water, vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil and corn oil, liquid animal oils, water-soluble polymer compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and polyacrylic acid can be used as the liquid carrier.
- a water-soluble polysaccharide such as alginic acid, sodium alginate, xanthan gum, sodium caseinate, gum arabic, guar gum, tamarind seed polysaccharide.
- the feed of the present invention may contain saccharides (lactose, trehalose, etc.), maize, milo, bran, rice bran, defatted pork, dried rice bran, compressed barley, pressed corn, soybean meal, corn flour, rice flour, soybean flour, etc. Good.
- saccharides lactose, trehalose, etc.
- maize milo, bran, rice bran, defatted pork, dried rice bran, compressed barley, pressed corn, soybean meal, corn flour, rice flour, soybean flour, etc. Good.
- the concentration in these feeds is preferably 1 to 90% by mass, more preferably 5 to 75% by mass, and still more preferably 10 to 50% by mass.
- the feed of the present invention may further contain optional components such as an ingredient effective for promoting the growth of egg-laying chickens, quail or breeding chickens, nutritional supplements, and ingredients that enhance storage stability.
- optional components include, for example, viable agents such as Enterococcus, Bacillus, and Bifidobacteria; enzymes such as amylase and lipase; vitamins such as L-ascorbic acid, choline chloride, inositol, and folic acid; potassium chloride, citrate Minerals such as iron acid, magnesium oxide, phosphates; amino acids such as DL-alanine, DL-methionine, L-lysine hydrochloride; organic acids such as fumaric acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and their salts; ethoxyquin, dibutylhydroxy Antioxidants such as toluene; Antifungal agents such as calcium propionate; Binders such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), sodium caseinate and sodium polyacrylate
- the feed of the present invention is suitable for breeding egg-laying chickens, quails or meat breeders.
- the amount of feed to be ingested can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of chicken or quail, body weight, age, sex, health condition, ingredients of the feed, etc.
- unheated cashew nut shell oil, heat-treated cashew nut shell Oil, anacardic acid, cardanol, and / or cardol are preferably 0.001 to 100 g / feathers / day, more preferably 0.001 to 50 g / feathers / day, and further preferably 0.001 to 10 g / feathers / day. It is.
- a method for ingesting and raising a feed a commonly used method can be used depending on the type of chicken or quail. Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.
- Cashew nut shell liquid was purchased from Thao Nguyen Co., Ltd.
- the composition of CNSL was measured by the following method. That is, HPLC (Waters 600, Nippon Waters Co., Ltd.), detector (Waters 490E, Nihon Waters Co., Ltd.), printer (Chromatopack C-R6A, Shimadzu Corporation), column (SUPELCOSIL LC18, SUPELCO Co.) were used.
- a solvent of acetonitrile: water: acetic acid of 80: 20: 1 (volume ratio) was used, and the flow rate was 2 ml / min. Detection was performed at an absorbance of 280 nm.
- Cashew nut shell liquid contained 65.7% by mass of anacardic acid, 5.1% by mass of cardanol, and 23.5% by mass of cardol.
- Example 1 During 30 days of 65-67 weeks of age when induced molting, CNSL was fed to an induced molting feed characterized by low energy and low protein at a final concentration of 100 ppm. Compared with the control group, the depletion rate at the time of molting was significantly reduced (45% decrease) and the number of days of egg laying after molting was improved (133 days ⁇ 147 days; 11% increase). The results are shown in Tables 1 to 3.
- the wear rate during the molting treatment was 1.56%, an improvement of about 45% compared to 2.85% in the control group.
- the 90% egg-laying rate after molting continued for 147 days after molting, so that it improved by about 11% compared to 133 days in the control group.
- Example 2 CNSL was mixed with adult feed at a final concentration of 100 ppm and fed to adult chickens for 30 days (Examples) from 26 to 29 weeks of age from the introduction of adult chickens to the peak of egg laying.
- the chicken species is Julia (81,000 / zone, white ball), and the control zone is 3 weeks after CNSL feeding (30-32 weeks of age) (comparative) It was considered as an adult chicken.
- the Hendy spawning rate improved (average of 87.0 ⁇ 91.1%: 5% improvement) and Henhouse spawning rate (86.5% ⁇ 90.8%: 5% improvement) and a reduction in the number of depleted feathers per day (average 17 birds ⁇ 6 birds: 65% reduction).
- Egg weight remained almost the same as the commercial index in both periods.
- the results are shown in Tables 4 and 5. Feed design and light management were carried out in accordance with the normal procedures of the farm.
- Example 3 For the adult flocks that began feeding in March, CNSL was mixed with adult feed at a final concentration of 50 ppm for 67 days out of 17-26 weeks of age, from the introduction of adult chickens to the peak of egg laying, I was fed to adult chickens.
- the chicken species were Babcock B400 species (50,000 / ku, white ball).
- the control group was defined as the average of two adult chicken groups (100,000 birds: feed without CNSL) that began feeding in the previous year and in March of the previous year.
- Production Example 2 CNSL obtained in Production Example 1 was heated at 100 ° C. to obtain heated CNSL.
- anacardic acid was not included, and 72.9% by mass of cardanol and 19.7% by mass of cardol were included.
- Example 4 Heated CNSL prepared in the same manner as in Production Example 2 was mixed with adult feed at a final concentration of 50 ppm and fed to adult chickens for 28 days 18-21 weeks after the introduction of adult chickens.
- the chicken species were Babcock B400 species (50,000 / ku, white ball).
- the control group was an adult chicken in another house at the same time (CNSL-free feed).
- the number of Henhouse eggs laid was improved (4.2 to 4.7 pieces; increased by 12%), and the Hendy egg laying rate was improved (at 42 weeks of age 42. 7% ⁇ 45.6%: 7% improvement) was observed.
- the survival rate was almost the same.
- the results are shown in Table 7. Feed design and light management were carried out in accordance with the normal procedures of the farm.
- the egg-laying rate improving agent of the present invention and feed containing the same are useful in the field of poultry for egg collection.
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Abstract
Description
非特許文献1の「(5)誘導換羽の方法と産卵率」には、他の換羽方法と比較して死亡率が少ない飼料給与を継続する低栄養飼料切替法を使用しても、換羽後の産卵鶏の産卵率が85%を超える農家が約30%であり、90%以上の農家が約10%に過ぎないことが記載されている。また、非特許文献1の「(6)誘導換羽の方法と死亡率」には、低栄養飼料切替法を使用しても、換羽後の採卵鶏の死亡率が平均5.6%以上であり、死亡率3%を超える農家が80%に及ぶことが記載されている。
特許文献1(特開平8-231410号公報)には、カシューナッツ殻油及び/又はアルカルド酸類を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、ブロイラー等の食肉鶏の家禽類のコクシジウム症軽減剤が記載されている。
特許文献2(特開2001-151675号公報)には、カシューナッツオイル及び/又はアナカルド酸類と共に、有機亜鉛化合物、ベタイン及びバチルス属菌から選ばれる少なくとも1種を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする、ブロイラー等の肉用鶏の家禽類のコクシジウム症の予防及び/又は治療用の飼料が記載されている。
しかしながら、カシューナッツ殻油を投与することによって採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率を改善できること、そして、換羽時の採卵鶏の減耗率を減少できることは知られていなかった。
(1)非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールを含有することを特徴とする、採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤。
(2)産卵期間中の1週あたりの減耗羽数が、入雛羽数の0.1%未満となる、(1)に記載の産卵率向上剤。
(3)採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、(1)又は(2)に記載の産卵率向上剤。
(4)換羽処理中の減耗率が2%以下である、(3)に記載の産卵率向上剤。
(5)産卵率90%が90日以上持続する、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の産卵率向上剤。
(6)(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載の産卵率向上剤を含む飼料。
(7)卵質の向上もしくは維持により産卵成績を向上させる(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載の産卵率向上剤。
(8)非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールが飼料中に0.0001~10質量%の濃度で存在する、(7)に記載の飼料。
(9)(7)又は(8)に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする産卵率を向上させる方法。
(10)採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、(9)に記載の産卵率を向上させる方法。
(11)(7)又は(8)に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする卵の産生方法。
(12)採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上に用いるための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドール。
(13)採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤の製造のための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールの使用。
採卵鶏としては、採卵を目的とする鶏種のうち原種・種鶏のみでなく、遺伝改良によって作出される実用鶏種、交配種、改良種であってもよい。例えば、白色レグホーン種、イサブラウン種、デカルブ・ワーレン・セクサルリンク種、ハーバード・コメット種、シェーバー・スタークロス579種、黒色ミノルカ種、黄斑プリマスロック種、白色プリマスロック種、ロードアイランドレッド種、ニューハンプシャー種、アローカナ種、烏骨鶏種、ポーリッシュ種、名古屋コーチン種、比内地鶏種、ボリスブラウン種、ジュリア種、ジュリアライト種、バブコックB400種、ソニア種、マリア種、ローラ種、ノボジェン・ホワイト種、ノボジェン・ブラウン種、エルベ種、さくら種、もみじ種等が挙げられるが、それらの交配種や改良種であってもよい。
肉用鶏としては、例えば、白色コーニッシュ種、白色プリマスロック種、黄斑プリマスロック種、ロードアイランドレッド種、ニューハンプシャー種、UK(イギリス)チャンキー種、US(アメリカ)チャンキー種、コッブ種、エイビアン種、アーバーエーカ種、比内地鶏種、薩摩地鶏種、名古屋種等が挙げられるが、生産鶏を産生するために採卵に供する限りは、この品種に限定されない。
本発明の産卵率向上剤の対象となる鶏種としては、上記のうち、ジュリア種、ジュリアライト種、バブコックB400種、ノボジェン・ホワイト種、ノボジェン・ブラウン種及びソニア種が好ましい。
採卵用のウズラとしては、例えば、白ウズラ、赤ウズラ、ヒメウズラ、カンムリウズラ、シロボシウズラ、ジャネイロウズラ、オナガウズラ、ツノウズラ、コリンウズラ、ヨーロッパヤマウズラ、シロマダラウズラ、タマフウズラ、ウロコウズラ、ヨーロッパウズラ、ノドグロコリン、カンムリコリン、ズアカカンムリウズラ、エボシウズラ、オナガウズラ、ギアナウズラ、マダラウズラが挙げられる。
本発明の産卵率向上剤は、孵化~23ヵ月齢の間でウズラに投与することが好ましいが、採卵に供される限りはその月齢に限らない。
飼料要求率=飼料摂取量(g)/生産重量(g)
Thao Nguyen Co., Ltd.よりカシューナッツ殻油(CNSL)を購入した。CNSLの組成は以下の方法で測定した。すなわち、HPLC(Waters600、日本ウォーターズ株式会社)、検出機(Waters490E、日本ウォーターズ株式会社)、プリンタ(クロマトパックC-R6A、島津製作所)、カラム(SUPELCOSIL LC18、SUPELCO社)を用いた。アセトニトリル:水:酢酸が80:20:1(容量比)の溶媒を用い、流速は2ml/分とした。280nmの吸光度で検出した。カシューナッツ殻油には、アナカルド酸が65.7質量%、カルダノールが5.1質量%、カルドールが23.5質量%含まれていた。
誘導換羽を実施する65~67週齢の30日間に、CNSLを終濃度100ppmにて低エネルギー・低タンパク質を特徴とする誘導換羽用飼料に混餌給与したところ、ジュリアライト種(約2万羽/区、白玉)において、対照区と比較して、換羽時の減耗率の大幅低減(45%減)、換羽後産卵持続日数の向上(133日→147日;11%増)が認められた。結果を表1~3に示す。
成鶏導入後から産卵ピークに至る26~29週齢のうちの30日間(実施例)に、CNSLを終濃度100ppmにて成鶏用飼料に混餌し、成鶏に給与した。鶏種はジュリア種(8.1万羽/区、白玉)であり、対照区は週齢による産卵率のズレを考慮し、CNSL給与後3週間(30~32週齢)(比較例)の成鶏とした。その結果、CNSL給与期には、対照期と比べ、ヘンデー産卵率の改善(期間平均87.0→91.1%:5%改善)、ヘンハウス産卵率(86.5%→90.8%:5%改善)及び1日あたりの減耗羽数の低減(平均17羽→6羽:65%低減)が認められた。卵重は両期間ともにコマーシャル指標とほぼ同等に推移した。結果を表4及び5に示す。飼料設計及び光線管理等は実施農場の通常手順に準じて実施した。
3月に餌付けを開始した成鶏群に対して、成鶏導入後から産卵ピークに至る17~26週齢のうち67日間に、CNSLを終濃度50ppmにて成鶏用飼料に混餌して、成鶏に給与した。鶏種はバブコックB400種(5万羽/区、白玉)であった。対照区は同農場で前年及び前々年3月に餌付けを開始した成鶏群2区(10万羽:CNSL不含飼料給餌)の平均とした。その結果、CNSL給与区においては、対照区と比較して、50%産卵到達日数(150日→143日:5%減)の短縮、ヘンデー産卵率の改善(期間平均41.6%→50.2%:21%改善)、及びヘンハウス産卵個数の増加(29.3個→35.4個:21%増加)が認められた。生存率については26週齢までは給与区で低い傾向であったが、その後28週齢までにほぼ同等となった。結果を表6に示す。飼料設計及び光線管理等は実施農場の通常手順に準じて実施した。
製造例1にて得られたCNSLを100℃にて加熱して加熱CNSLを得た。同様に組成を測定したところ、アナカルド酸は含まれず、カルダノールが72.9質量%、カルドールが19.7質量%含まれていた。
成鶏導入後18~21週齢の28日間に、製造例2と同様に作成した加熱CNSLを終濃度50ppmにて成鶏用飼料に混餌し、成鶏に給与した。鶏種はバブコックB400種(5万羽/区、白玉)であった。対照区は同時期の他鶏舎の成鶏(CNSL不含飼料給餌)とした。その結果、対照区と比較して加熱CNSL給与区においても、ヘンハウス産卵個数の改善(4.2個→4.7個;12%増加)、及びヘンデー産卵率の改善(21週齢時点42.7%→45.6%:7%改善)が認められた。生存率についてはほぼ同等となった。結果を表7に示す。飼料設計及び光線管理等は実施農場の通常手順に準じて実施した。
Claims (13)
- 非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールを含有することを特徴とする、採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤。
- 産卵期間中の1週あたりの減耗羽数が、入雛羽数の0.1%未満となる、請求項1に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、請求項1に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 換羽処理中の減耗率が2%以下である、請求項3に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 産卵率90%が90日以上持続する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 卵質の向上もしくは維持により産卵成績を向上させる請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の産卵率向上剤。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の産卵率向上剤を含む飼料。
- 非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールが飼料中に0.0001~10質量%の濃度で存在する、請求項7に記載の飼料。
- 請求項7又は8に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする産卵率を向上させる方法。
- 採卵鶏が強制換羽又は誘導換羽を実施されている、請求項9に記載の産卵率を向上させる方法。
- 請求項7又は8に記載の飼料を採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏に投与することを特徴とする卵の産生方法。
- 採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上に用いるための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドール。
- 採卵鶏、ウズラ又は肉用種鶏の産卵率向上剤の製造のための、非加熱カシューナッツ殻油、加熱処理カシューナッツ殻油、アナカルド酸、カルダノール、及び/又は、カルドールの使用。
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JP2006316048A (ja) * | 2005-04-12 | 2006-11-24 | Marubeni Nisshin Feed Co Ltd | 強制換羽剤、強制換羽用飼料及び産卵鶏の飼育方法 |
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JP2014121331A (ja) * | 2008-12-12 | 2014-07-03 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 家畜のクロストリディウム属細菌による疾病の予防及び/又は治療用飼料、並びに抗クロストリディウム剤 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020162599A1 (ja) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-13 | 出光興産株式会社 | 機能性飼料 |
KR20210123331A (ko) | 2019-02-08 | 2021-10-13 | 이데미쓰 고산 가부시키가이샤 | 기능성 사료 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN107205438B (zh) | 2021-09-24 |
TWI691275B (zh) | 2020-04-21 |
CN107205438A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
EP3251522A4 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
JPWO2016121963A1 (ja) | 2017-11-09 |
EP3251522C0 (en) | 2024-03-20 |
KR20170109624A (ko) | 2017-09-29 |
US20180021393A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
EP3251522A1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
KR102273231B1 (ko) | 2021-07-05 |
TW201632081A (zh) | 2016-09-16 |
JP6690810B2 (ja) | 2020-04-28 |
EP3251522B1 (en) | 2024-03-20 |
US10953057B2 (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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