WO2016097621A1 - Set of elements and method for constructing a building - Google Patents

Set of elements and method for constructing a building Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016097621A1
WO2016097621A1 PCT/FR2015/053572 FR2015053572W WO2016097621A1 WO 2016097621 A1 WO2016097621 A1 WO 2016097621A1 FR 2015053572 W FR2015053572 W FR 2015053572W WO 2016097621 A1 WO2016097621 A1 WO 2016097621A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
along
elements
vertical
facade
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2015/053572
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patricia DUTREUX
Alain ROMERO
Original Assignee
Sarl Catharhome
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sarl Catharhome filed Critical Sarl Catharhome
Publication of WO2016097621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016097621A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/44—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/46—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. stepped

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the construction of the walls of a building, for example the walls. More specifically, the present invention relates to a set of prefabricated elements and a method for building walls of a building. Preamble and prior art
  • Such a brick has the advantage of being easily adaptable to the constraints related to the dimensions of the wall and the frame supporting said wall.
  • the invention aims, for this purpose, in a first aspect, a set of prefabricated elements for the construction of a building whose plan is previously known, said assembly comprising at least:
  • each brick having two facade elements disposed on either side of a vertical plane XbZb, each of said facade elements comprising an inner plate substantially parallel to said vertical plane XbZb, the inner plates being connected to each other by the intermediate of at least one substantially parallelepiped spacer comprising, on two opposite faces, a tenon or a mortise disposed (e) along a transverse axis Yb substantially perpendicular to the plane, lesdit (e) tenons or mortise cooperating each (e) with a mortise or tenon carried by one of the internal plates, the tenons or mortises of the at least one spacer each forming a stop blocking a translation of the mortise or the corresponding tenon (e) of one of the inner plates in a direction opposite to the at least one spacer along the transverse axis Yb.
  • the brick is for example composed of four main parts: two facade elements forming the "visible" side faces of the brick, and two spacers connecting the facade elements and blocking them in position, thus giving its rigidity to the brick .
  • the brick as explained above, has the advantage of not requiring the use of additional fastening means, such as screws, nails or glue, during the assembly of said brick.
  • Such a brick also has the advantage of being easily adaptable to different wall thicknesses and to different dimensions of the wall to be built.
  • the tenons or mortises of the at least one spacer each form, with the mortise or the corresponding tenon of one of the inner plates of the facade elements, a dovetail assembly.
  • dovetail assembly has on the one hand the advantage of being easily machinable, and secondly to be self-tightening, when a force is applied to said assembly.
  • the at least one spacer has substantially the shape of a plate disposed substantially perpendicularly to the vertical plane XbZb.
  • spacer has the advantage of forming empty spaces between the facade elements, which can be for example used for the passage of ducts or the establishment of a thermal insulation and / or acoustic.
  • each of the facade elements further comprises a facing plate, substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb, each of the plates of one of the facade elements being of substantially equal dimensions with one of the plates of the other facade element along a longitudinal axis Xb of elongation of said plates and along a vertical axis Zb substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis Xb and substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb, the first and facing plates of each of the projecting façade elements relative to each other along the longitudinal axis Xb and / or along the vertical axis Zb.
  • Such a brick has the advantage of not requiring the use of additional fastening means, when assembling several bricks for the construction of a wall. The construction of the wall is thus facilitated and the time required for said construction is minimized.
  • the first and facing plates of the facade elements are of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb.
  • the facing plates of each of the facade elements protrude relative to each other in the same direction along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb; maximum lengths along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb of one of the facade elements are substantially equal to maximum lengths along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb of the other facade elements ; and, the facade elements are disposed relative to each other so that peripheral edges of said facade elements are substantially aligned along the transverse axis Yb.
  • a dimension along the vertical axis Zb of the at least one spacer is substantially equal to a dimension along said vertical axis Zb of the inner plate of each of the facade elements.
  • Such sizing allows, during the assembly of several bricks along the vertical axis Zb, to stack along said vertical axis Zb the spacers of each of the bricks.
  • the formed wall is more stable and stiffer.
  • Such an assembly has the advantage of being easy to store, the bricks can then be formed at the time of construction of a wall.
  • the invention also relates to a construction made using an assembly as described.
  • a construction has the same advantages as those conferred by the use of the brick described above.
  • Such a construction also has the advantage of having an upper part of the structure which does not require the installation of additional fixing means, thus significantly reducing the construction time.
  • each of the vertical beams form with the corresponding tenon or mortise of the high horizontal beam a dovetail assembly.
  • the facade elements and the at least one spacer of the brick form at least one recess whose dimensions along the transverse axis Yb and the vertical axis Zb and / or the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb are substantially equal to or greater than the corresponding dimensions of the structural elements: low smooth, vertical beam, high horizontal beam, so that the facade elements of the brick cover the at least one structural element, on and / or against the which brick is laid out.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of a wooden brick bricks according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 a profile view of a wooden construction, according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 an isometric perspective view of the internal structure of a building being assembled
  • FIG. 8 an illustration of the structure of a building being mounted, according to a view similar to that of Figure 3, a portion of the bricks having been assembled.
  • the present invention is intended to be used in the context of the construction of a building, here a dwelling house on a level.
  • Figure 1 shows a brick 10, for example but not necessarily made of wood for the construction of a building, for example a dwelling house. More specifically, the brick 10 is intended for the construction of a flat wall, for example a horizontal or inclined roof, a vertical wall, or a floor.
  • the brick 10 is intended for the construction of one or more vertical walls.
  • the brick 10 comprises first and second facing elements (11, 12) arranged back to back, on either side of a vertical plane XbZb 13.
  • the vertical plane XbZb 13 is disposed substantially parallel to the wall, when the brick 10 forms said wall.
  • each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) can be geometrically decomposed as the juxtaposition of two parallelepipedal volumes: an inner plate (14, 15) and a facing plate (16, 17) arranged one against the other, substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb 13.
  • the inner plate and the facing plate of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) each have a substantially rectangular shape, elongated along the longitudinal axis Xb.
  • each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) is arranged opposite the inner plate (15, 14) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1 ).
  • the inner plate and facing plate (14, 16, 15, 1 7) together forming each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) are made in one piece.
  • the inner plate and the facing plate (14, 16, 15, 17) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) are assembled with each other, for example by gluing or other method.
  • the facade elements for forming the inner wall and the facade elements for forming the outer wall are of the same thickness.
  • the facade elements intended to form the inner walls of the house may have a different thickness of the facade elements intended to form the outer wall of the house.
  • the plates (14, 16, 15, 17) constituting these facade elements may have different thicknesses.
  • the inner plates 14, 15 have a thickness of about 2.5 cm
  • the facing plates have a thickness of about 1.5 cm.
  • each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) protrudes from the facing plate (1 6, 17) of said facade along the longitudinal axis Xb, and the facing plate (16, 17) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) also projects relative to the inner plate (14, 15) of said facade element according to the longitudinal axis Xb.
  • Said projections along the longitudinal axis Xb make it possible to form, on opposite sides of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) along the longitudinal axis Xb, first grooves (19, 20) arranged along the vertical axis Zb.
  • the first grooves (19, 20) are able to accommodate the facade elements of another brick identical to the brick 10, during an interlocking along the longitudinal axis Xb of said other brick with the brick 10.
  • each of the elements of front (1 1, 12) protrudes from the facing plate (16, 17) of said facade element along the vertical axis Zb of the brick 10, and the facing plate (16, 17) of each of the elements of front (1 1, 12) also projects relative to the inner plate (14, 15) of said facade element along the vertical axis Zb.
  • Said projections along the vertical axis Zb make it possible to form, on opposite sides of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) along the vertical axis Zb, second grooves (22, 23) arranged along the longitudinal axis Xb.
  • the second grooves (22, 23) are able to accommodate the front elements of a brick identical to the brick 10, when they interlock along the vertical axis Zb.
  • each facade element (1 1, 12) protrudes with respect to the facing plate (16, 17) at the times along the longitudinal axis Xb and along the vertical axis Zb, and likewise the facing plate (16, 17) of each façade element (1 1, 12) protrudes symmetrically with respect to the internal plate ( 14, 15) both along the longitudinal axis Xb and along the vertical axis Zb.
  • the two geometric plates (inner plate and facing plate) forming the volume of the facade element although being of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axes Xb and vertical Zb, are offset relative to each other according to their contact plan.
  • the offsets of the projections formed by the inner and facing plates may be different along the vertical axes Zb and longitudinal Xb, or between the facing plates intended to form the inner wall of the construction and the facing plates intended for forming the outer wall of said construction.
  • the inner plates and the facing plates forming the front elements (1 1, 1 2) are of substantially equal length along the longitudinal axis Xb. They are also of substantially equal height along the vertical axis Zb.
  • the inner plates and the facing plates of said bricks form continuous walls devoid of empty space, and substantially coplanar.
  • the thicknesses of the inner plates and facing plates (14, 1 5, 16, 1 7) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 1 2) along the axis transverse Yb are substantially equal. They may however be different in an alternative embodiment.
  • the inner plate may in particular be thicker than the facing plate of each facade element.
  • each facade element (1 1, 1 2) is substantially equal to the length of the other facade element (1 2, 1 1). .
  • This overall length 25 comprises the length of the inner plate and the length of the horizontal projection formed by the facing plate opposite this inner plate.
  • the overall height 26 (along the vertical axis Zb) of each facade element (1 1, 1 2) is substantially equal to the height of the other facade element (1 2, 1 1).
  • This overall height 26 comprises the height of the inner plate and the height of the vertical projection formed by the facing plate opposite the inner plate.
  • a dimension (27, 28) along the longitudinal axis Xb of each of the first grooves (19, 20) of one of the facade elements (1 1, 1 2) is substantially equal to one dimension (28, 27) along the longitudinal axis Xb of one of the first grooves (20, 19) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1).
  • a dimension (29, 30) along the vertical axis Zb of each of the second grooves (22, 23) of one of the facade elements (1 1, 12) is substantially equal to one dimension (29, 30).
  • the internal and facing plates (14, 15, 16, 17) forming the facade elements (1 1, 12) are all of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axis Xb and along the vertical axis Zb , the dimensions (27, 28) of the first grooves (19, 20) of the facade elements (1 1, 12) along the longitudinal axis Xb are all substantially equal, and the dimensions (29, 30) of the second grooves (22 , 23) facade elements (1 1, 12) along the vertical axis Zb are all substantially equal.
  • the facade elements (1 1, 12) are arranged relative to each other so that peripheral edges of said facade elements are substantially aligned according to the transverse axis Yb.
  • the inner plate (14, 15) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) is connected to the inner plate (15, 14) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1) via at least one spacer (31, 32) substantially parallelepipedic.
  • the brick 10 comprises two spacers (31, 32) substantially identical.
  • Each spacer (31, 32) comprises, on two opposite faces (33, 34), a tenon (35, 36) arranged along the transverse axis Yb and cooperating with a mortise (37, 38) carried by the inner plate (14). 15) of one of the facade elements (1 1, 12).
  • each of the spacers (31, 32) form a stop (39, 40) blocking a translation of the mortise (37, 38) corresponding to one of the two inner plates (14, 15) in a direction opposite said spacer (31, 32) along the transverse axis Yb.
  • each spacer (31, 32) comprises, on its two opposite faces (33, 34), a mortise cooperating with a tenon carried by one of the two facade elements (1 1, 12) and arranged according to FIG. transverse axis Yb, the mortises of each of the spacers (31, 32) forming an abutment blocking a translation of the corresponding pin of one of the two inner plates (14, 15) in a direction opposite to said spacer along the transverse axis Yb .
  • each spacer (31, 32) comprises, on one of its two opposite faces (33, 34), a mortise cooperating with a tenon carried by one of the two facade elements (1 1, 12) and disposed along the transverse axis Yb, and on the other of its two opposite faces (34, 33), a tenon disposed along the transverse axis Yb cooperating with a mortise carried by the other of the two facade elements (12, 1 1), the tenons and mortise of each of the spacers (31, 32) forming an abutment blocking a translation mortise and corresponding tenon of one of the two inner plates (14, 15) in a direction opposite to said spacer according to the transverse axis Yb.
  • the tenons (35, 36) of each of the spacers (31, 32) form with the corresponding mortise (37, 38) of one of the two inner plates ( 14, 15) a dovetail assembly for making the abutments (39, 40).
  • the tenons (35, 36) and mortises (37, 38) are substantially T-shaped, so as to achieve the stops (39, 40).
  • each of the spacers (31, 32) has substantially the shape of a plate disposed substantially parallel to the transverse axes Yb and vertical Zb.
  • the brick 10 has empty spaces delimited by the two facade elements (1 1, 12) and the spacers (31, 32), allowing for example the passage of ducts, and the establishment of a thermal and / or acoustic insulation.
  • the height 41 along the vertical axis Zb of each of the spacers (31, 32) is substantially equal to the distance along the vertical axis Zb between an edge projecting along the vertical axis Zb of one of the inner plates (14, 15) and an edge projecting along the vertical axis Zb of the corresponding inner plate of another brick nested to the brick 10 along the vertical axis Zb.
  • the height 41 along the vertical axis Zb of each of the spacers (31, 32) is substantially equal to the height along the vertical axis Zb of the inner plates (14, 16) of the facade elements ( 1 1, 12).
  • Another embodiment of the invention is in the form of an assembly for forming a brick 10 comprising two facade elements (1 1, 12), and at least one spacer (31, 32), as described herein. - above.
  • the overall length of a brick 10 is about 50 cm along the longitudinal axis Xb, for an overall thickness of about 20 cm and an overall height of about 25 cm. cm.
  • the projection formed by each facing plate with respect to the inner plate of each facade element 1 1, 12 is here about 5 cm along the longitudinal axis Xb, and about 2 cm along the vertical axis Zb .
  • all the different elements forming the brick are made of wood, for example by cutting from hardwood planks.
  • the elements forming the brick are made of chipboard or glued laminated wood.
  • some of the elements are made of wood, and other elements are made of another material.
  • corner bricks 10 are replaced by corner bricks 10 '.
  • these corner bricks 10 ' comprise a facade element 12' intended to form the external facade of different length from that of the facade element 1 1 'intended to form the interior facade, the distance from these elements. lengths being equal to the total thickness of the assembled bricks.
  • These two facade elements 1 1 ', 12' when arranged opposite to form a brick, thus have, between one of their ends, a longitudinal offset equal to the thickness of the brick 10.
  • the elements The front ends are chamfered at 45 ° at these ends, so as to form a right angle by assembling two bricks of complementary angles.
  • the assembly of the facade elements belonging to two bricks of complementary angles is done by any method known to those skilled in the art.
  • this assembly is achieved by using rigid parts inserted into grooves in the thickness of the inner plates of these facade elements.
  • rigid fasteners are known. They are secured by locking a connecting piece, generally made by using a key awl.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a construction 100, such as a dwelling house, according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the construction 100 includes a substantially vertical wall 101.
  • the wall 101 has a wooden structure 102.
  • the structure 102 comprises a first element 103 of structure, for example a beam, disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc of the wall.
  • This first beam 103 also called lower rail in the following description, comprises fastening means, for example screws, a support (not shown Figure2) substantially horizontal.
  • This low rail 103 is, in the present example, laid and sealed on a strip of arase which is itself placed on a concrete slab forming a support construction.
  • the embodiment of the concrete slab and the nature of the arase strip are assumed to be known to those skilled in the art, and as such depart from the scope of the present invention. They are not detailed further here.
  • the low rail 103 is separated into two parts, leaving a space 105 empty, so as to accommodate a door frame 106.
  • the structure 102 further comprises two vertical beams (107, 108), that is to say whose greatest length is oriented along the vertical axis Zc.
  • the vertical beams (107, 108) are arranged in contact with the lower rail 103 by one of their faces, and perpendicular thereto, that is oriented along the vertical axis Zc.
  • the vertical beams (107, 108) comprise fastening means, for example screws, to the support and / or the low rail 103.
  • the vertical beams (107, 108) are arranged on either side of the door frame 106, one of the vertical beams 107 being disposed at one end of the low rail 103, and the other of the vertical beams 108 being disposed near the door frame 106.
  • the vertical beams (107, 108) may also be each disposed at one end of the low rail 103.
  • the mortise (112, 113) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) cooperates with a pin (114, 115) carried by a third structural element, for example a high horizontal beam 116, disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc.
  • the mortise (1 12, 1 13) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) forms a stop blocking a translation of the pin (1 14, 1 15) corresponding to the high horizontal beam 1 16 in a direction opposite to said horizontal beam high 1 16 along the longitudinal axis Xc.
  • each of the vertical beams (107, 108) accommodates a tenon arranged along the longitudinal axis Xc and cooperating with a mortise carried by the high horizontal beam 1 16.
  • the tenon of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) then forms a stop blocking a translation of the corresponding mortise of the third beam 1 16 in a direction opposite to said horizontal beam high along the longitudinal axis Xc.
  • the end (1 10, 1 1 1) of one of the vertical beams (107, 108) accommodates a tenon disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc, and the end (1 1 1, 1 10).
  • another of the vertical beams (108, 107) accommodates a mortise disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc.
  • the tenon and the mortise of the vertical beams (107, 108) cooperate respectively with a mortise and tenon carried by the high horizontal beam 1 16.
  • the tenon and the mortise of the vertical beams (107, 108) each form a stop blocking a translation corresponding mortise and tenon of the high horizontal beam 1 16 in a direction opposite to said high horizontal beam 1 16 along the longitudinal axis Xc.
  • the mortises (1 12, 1 13) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) form with the pin (1 14, 1 15) corresponding to the horizontal beam high 1 16 a dovetail assembly.
  • Such an assembly has the advantage of being self-tightening.
  • the dovetail assembly is tightened, so as to ensure the strength of the structure 102.
  • the wall 101 also comprises at least one brick 10 disposed on and / or against the structure 102.
  • the wall 101 has several levels of bricks 10 superposed staggered.
  • the bricks 10 are arranged in FIG. 2 in the same manner as in FIG. 1 with respect to the Cartesian reference linked to the wall (longitudinal Xc, transversal Yc, vertical Zc).
  • the bricks 10 could also be arranged so that the vertical axis Zc and the longitudinal axis Xc of Figure 1 are respectively horizontal and vertical.
  • the facade elements (1 1, 12) of a brick 10 and the at least one spacer (31, 32) of each of the bricks 10 determine at least one recess (1 17, 1 18) (see FIG. dimensions along the longitudinal axes Xb and transverse Yb and / or along the transverse axes Yb and vertical Zb are substantially equal to or greater than corresponding dimensions of the structural elements: low smooth 103, vertical beams 107, 108, high horizontal beam 1 16 , so that the elements of facade (1 1, 12) of the bricks 10 cover the said structural member (s) (103, 107, 108, 1 16) on and / or against which (s) the (s) bricks 10 are arranged, or around which they are assembled.
  • the space left free between the elements of facade 1 1, 12 bricks is sufficient to accommodate the presence of structural elements: low smooth 103, vertical beams 107, 108, high horizontal beam 1 16, de construction.
  • the vertical beams 107, 108 are replaced by vertical stiffeners 310.
  • a stiffener 310 is placed every four or five meters along each
  • Each stiffener 310 is configured in the form of a thin vertical beam, that is to say whose section in a horizontal plane XcYc is an elongated rectangle such that its largest dimension is for example five times larger than its smallest dimension.
  • the width of the stiffeners is, in the present embodiment, identical to that of the low rail 103 and therefore slightly less than the distance between the two facade elements of a brick. It is understood that, in this way, a brick 10 can be assembled around a vertical stiffener 310, without this gene gene this assembly.
  • two vertical stiffeners 310 are arranged parallel to a longitudinal gap of a few tens of centimeters on a longitudinal segment of the low rail 103.
  • One of these stiffeners vertical 310 is disposed at the longitudinal end of the low rail 103.
  • a third vertical stiffener 310 is advantageously disposed, perpendicular to the two preceding ones, and always in the vicinity of the angle of the construction, on a transverse segment of the low rail 103.
  • all these vertical stiffeners 310 are of identical dimensions, and in particular of identical height.
  • stiffeners 310 are secured to the low rail, for example by screwing or other method known per se to those skilled in the art.
  • the structure of the construction comprises, at the top, vertical stiffeners 310 forming the edges of the facades, two corner-connecting modules 31 1, 312, perpendicular to each other. to the other.
  • Each corner connection module 31 1, 312 is formed of a single parallelepiped piece whose width is identical to the width of the vertical stiffeners 310, and whose length is equal to the distance between two vertical stiffeners. As seen in FIGS. or 6, the lengths of the angle link modules 31 1, 312 are not necessarily equal.
  • each corner connection module 31 1, 312 comprises sculptures on its outer and inner complementary faces of the tenons or mortises determined in the bricks 10.
  • the corner link modules 31 1, 312 are formed of four pieces of wood assembled by gluing.
  • the assembly of each corner connection module is made by using complementary rigid parts inserted in recesses formed in faces, intended to come opposite, plates forming said modules.
  • the high horizontal beams 1 16 are replaced by hollow beams 1 16 'each formed of an assembly comprising external lateral stiffeners 313 and internal 314 connected by a series of spacers 315, as can be seen in particular in Figure 3.
  • the end panels of these hollow beams 1 16 ' comprise, in an alternative embodiment, tenons adapted to fit into complementary brick sculptures 10.
  • each spacer 31, 32 is offset vertically a few centimeters from the front elements 1 1, 12, so as to nest in two superimposed bricks.
  • pre-frames 106 for receiving frames, depending on the height of bricks desired under these frames.
  • each assembled facade is locked in place by the stiffeners 310 is the high horizontal beams 1 16, and can not be raised from the ground.
  • vertical stiffeners 310 the number of which is determined by the length of the facades envisaged (assuming a stiffener every few meters of frontage) and by the number of angles of the construction, the constituent elements of angle modules 31 1, 312, according to the number of angles envisaged,
  • Such a construction 100 has the advantage of not requiring additional fastening means between the second beams (107, 108) and the high horizontal beam 1 16, thereby reducing considerably time assembly of the structure 102 and therefore of the construction 100.
  • the construction 100 has the further advantage of having a structure 102 not apparent, thus facilitating the addition of stiffeners.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a kit for constructing a building. The kit comprises constituent elements of bricks (10) sufficient in number to produce the surfaces of walls, said bricks being produced by the mortise-and-tenon assembly of four complementary elements, corner bricks (10'), the number of which is determined by the total lengths of the corners, door- and window-frames, vertical stiffeners (310), the number of which is determined by the length of the envisaged walls (assuming one stiffener for every few metres of wall) and by the number of corners of the construction, and constituent elements of high horizontal beams (116, 116').

Description

ENSEMBLE D'ÉLÉMENTS ET PROCÉDÉ POUR LA CONSTRUCTION  ASSEMBLY OF ELEMENTS AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTION
D'UN ÉDIFICE  OF AN BUILDING
La présente invention se rapporte à la construction des parois d'un bâtiment, par exemple les murs. Plus spécifiquement, la présente invention se rapporte à un ensemble d'éléments préfabriqués et un procédé pour la construction de parois d'un édifice. Préambule et art antérieur The present invention relates to the construction of the walls of a building, for example the walls. More specifically, the present invention relates to a set of prefabricated elements and a method for building walls of a building. Preamble and prior art
Il est connu de l'art antérieur une brique en bois comportant deux éléments de façade disposés de part et d'autre d'un plan, formant chacun une plaque sensiblement parallèle audit plan, les plaques étant reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une entretoise sensiblement parallélépipédique comportant, sur deux faces opposées, un tenon disposé selon un premier axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan, lesdits tenons coopérant chacun avec une mortaise portée par l'une des plaques internes. Une telle brique est par exemple décrite dans le document DE 102 55 717.  It is known from the prior art a wooden brick having two facade elements disposed on either side of a plane, each forming a plate substantially parallel to said plane, the plates being connected to one another by the intermediate of at least one substantially parallelepiped spacer comprising, on two opposite faces, a tenon disposed along a first axis substantially perpendicular to the plane, said tenons each cooperating with a mortise carried by one of the inner plates. Such a brick is for example described in DE 102 55 717.
Une telle brique a pour avantage d'être facilement adaptable aux contraintes liées aux dimensions de la paroi et de la charpente portant ladite paroi.  Such a brick has the advantage of being easily adaptable to the constraints related to the dimensions of the wall and the frame supporting said wall.
Cependant, avec une telle brique, il est nécessaire, lors de son assemblage, d'utiliser des moyens de fixations supplémentaires, comme de la colle ou des vis, pour assurer la cohésion des entretoises avec les éléments de façade. Le pré-assemblage d'une telle brique est donc fastidieux.  However, with such a brick, it is necessary, during its assembly, to use additional fastening means, such as glue or screws, to ensure the cohesion of the spacers with the facade elements. The pre-assembly of such a brick is therefore tedious.
Un aspect de la présente invention permet de résoudre ce problème technique. Exposé de l'invention L'invention vise, à cet effet, sous un premier aspect, un ensemble d'éléments préfabriqués pour la construction d'un édifice dont le plan est préalablement connu, ledit ensemble comprenant au moins : One aspect of the present invention solves this technical problem. Presentation of the invention The invention aims, for this purpose, in a first aspect, a set of prefabricated elements for the construction of a building whose plan is previously known, said assembly comprising at least:
- des éléments constitutifs de briques en nombre suffisant pour la réalisation des surfaces de façades,  - constituent elements of bricks in sufficient number for the realization of the surfaces of facades,
- des briques d'angles dont le nombre est déterminé par les longueurs d'angles totales,  - Bricks of angles whose number is determined by the lengths of total angles,
- des raidisseurs verticaux, dont le nombre est déterminé par la longueur des façades envisagées et par le nombre d'angles de la construction,  vertical stiffeners, the number of which is determined by the length of the façades envisaged and by the number of angles of the construction,
- des éléments constitutifs de poutres horizontales hautes,  elements constituting high horizontal beams,
chaque brique comportant deux éléments de façade disposés de part et d'autre d'un plan vertical XbZb, chacun desdits éléments de façade comprenant une plaque interne sensiblement parallèle audit plan vertical XbZb, les plaques internes étant reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une entretoise sensiblement parallélépipédique comportant, sur deux faces opposées, un tenon ou une mortaise disposé(e) selon un axe transversal Yb sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan, lesdit(e)s tenons ou mortaises coopérant chacun(e) avec une mortaise ou un tenon porté(e) par l'une des plaques internes, les tenons ou mortaises de l'au moins une entretoise formant chacun(e) une butée bloquant une translation de la mortaise ou du tenon correspondant(e) de l'une des plaques internes dans une direction opposée à l'au moins une entretoise selon l'axe transversal Yb.  each brick having two facade elements disposed on either side of a vertical plane XbZb, each of said facade elements comprising an inner plate substantially parallel to said vertical plane XbZb, the inner plates being connected to each other by the intermediate of at least one substantially parallelepiped spacer comprising, on two opposite faces, a tenon or a mortise disposed (e) along a transverse axis Yb substantially perpendicular to the plane, lesdit (e) tenons or mortise cooperating each (e) with a mortise or tenon carried by one of the internal plates, the tenons or mortises of the at least one spacer each forming a stop blocking a translation of the mortise or the corresponding tenon (e) of one of the inner plates in a direction opposite to the at least one spacer along the transverse axis Yb.
On comprend que la brique est par exemple composée de quatre parties principales : deux éléments de façade formant les faces latérales « visibles » de la brique, et deux entretoises reliant les éléments de façade et les bloquant en position, donnant ainsi sa rigidité à la brique. La brique, telle qu'exposée plus haut, présente l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter l'utilisation de moyens de fixation supplémentaires, tels que des vis, des clous ou de la colle, lors de l'assemblage de ladite brique. Une telle brique présente en outre l'avantage d'être aisément adaptable à différentes épaisseurs de mur et à différentes dimensions de la paroi à construire. It is understood that the brick is for example composed of four main parts: two facade elements forming the "visible" side faces of the brick, and two spacers connecting the facade elements and blocking them in position, thus giving its rigidity to the brick . The brick, as explained above, has the advantage of not requiring the use of additional fastening means, such as screws, nails or glue, during the assembly of said brick. Such a brick also has the advantage of being easily adaptable to different wall thicknesses and to different dimensions of the wall to be built.
Préférentiellement, les tenons ou mortaises de l'au moins une entretoise forment chacun, avec la mortaise ou le tenon correspondant de l'une des plaques internes des éléments de façade, un assemblage en queue d'aronde.  Preferably, the tenons or mortises of the at least one spacer each form, with the mortise or the corresponding tenon of one of the inner plates of the facade elements, a dovetail assembly.
Le choix d'un assemblage en queue d'aronde présente d'une part l'avantage d'être facilement usinable, et d'autre part d'être auto-serrant, lorsqu'un effort est appliqué sur ledit assemblage.  The choice of a dovetail assembly has on the one hand the advantage of being easily machinable, and secondly to be self-tightening, when a force is applied to said assembly.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, l'au moins une entretoise a sensiblement la forme d'une plaque disposée sensiblement perpendiculairement au plan vertical XbZb.  In a particular embodiment, the at least one spacer has substantially the shape of a plate disposed substantially perpendicularly to the vertical plane XbZb.
L'utilisation d'une telle entretoise présente l'avantage de former des espaces vides entre les éléments de façade, pouvant être par exemple utilisés pour le passage de gaines techniques ou la mise en place d'une isolation thermique et/ou acoustique.  The use of such a spacer has the advantage of forming empty spaces between the facade elements, which can be for example used for the passage of ducts or the establishment of a thermal insulation and / or acoustic.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, chacun des éléments de façade comporte en outre une plaque de parement, sensiblement parallèle au plan vertical XbZb, chacune des plaques de l'un des éléments de façade étant de dimensions sensiblement égales avec l'une des plaques de l'autre élément de façade selon un axe longitudinal Xb d'allongement desdites plaques et selon un axe vertical Zb sensiblement perpendiculaire audit axe longitudinal Xb et sensiblement parallèle au plan vertical XbZb, les premières et plaques de parement de chacun des éléments de façade faisant saillie l'une par rapport à l'autre selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et/ou selon l'axe vertical Zb.  In a particular embodiment, each of the facade elements further comprises a facing plate, substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb, each of the plates of one of the facade elements being of substantially equal dimensions with one of the plates of the other facade element along a longitudinal axis Xb of elongation of said plates and along a vertical axis Zb substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis Xb and substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb, the first and facing plates of each of the projecting façade elements relative to each other along the longitudinal axis Xb and / or along the vertical axis Zb.
Une telle brique présente l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter l'utilisation de moyens de fixation supplémentaires, lors de l'assemblage de plusieurs briques pour la construction d'une paroi. La construction de la paroi est ainsi facilitée et le temps nécessaire à ladite construction est minimisé. Such a brick has the advantage of not requiring the use of additional fastening means, when assembling several bricks for the construction of a wall. The construction of the wall is thus facilitated and the time required for said construction is minimized.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, les premières et plaques de parement des éléments de façade sont de dimensions sensiblement égales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb.  In a particular embodiment, the first and facing plates of the facade elements are of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb.
Un tel dimensionnement des plaques des éléments de façade permet la construction d'une paroi lisse.  Such dimensioning of the plates of the facade elements allows the construction of a smooth wall.
Dans un mode particulier de réalisation, les plaques de parement de chacun des éléments de façade font saillie l'une par rapport à l'autre dans un même sens selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb; des longueurs maximales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb de l'un des éléments de façade sont sensiblement égales à des longueurs maximales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb de l'autre des éléments de façade ; et, les éléments de façade sont disposés l'un par rapport à l'autre de sorte que des bords périphériques desdits éléments de façade soient sensiblement alignés selon l'axe transversal Yb.  In a particular embodiment, the facing plates of each of the facade elements protrude relative to each other in the same direction along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb; maximum lengths along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb of one of the facade elements are substantially equal to maximum lengths along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb of the other facade elements ; and, the facade elements are disposed relative to each other so that peripheral edges of said facade elements are substantially aligned along the transverse axis Yb.
L'utilisation de telles briques permet la construction d'une paroi plus stable, notamment au niveau de l'emboîtement desdites briques avec une structure du bâtiment à construire.  The use of such bricks allows the construction of a more stable wall, especially at the nesting of said bricks with a building structure to build.
Plus préférentiellement, une dimension selon l'axe vertical Zb de l'au moins une entretoise est sensiblement égale à une dimension selon ledit axe vertical Zb de la plaque interne de chacun des éléments de façade.  More preferably, a dimension along the vertical axis Zb of the at least one spacer is substantially equal to a dimension along said vertical axis Zb of the inner plate of each of the facade elements.
Un tel dimensionnement permet, lors de l'assemblage de plusieurs briques selon l'axe vertical Zb, d'empiler selon ledit axe vertical Zb les entretoises de chacune des briques. Ainsi, la paroi formée est plus stable et plus raide.  Such sizing allows, during the assembly of several bricks along the vertical axis Zb, to stack along said vertical axis Zb the spacers of each of the bricks. Thus, the formed wall is more stable and stiffer.
Un tel ensemble présente l'avantage d'être facile à stocker, les briques pouvant ensuite être formées au moment de la construction d'une paroi.  Such an assembly has the advantage of being easy to store, the bricks can then be formed at the time of construction of a wall.
L'invention a également pour objet une construction réalisée par utilisation d'un ensemble tel qu'exposé. Une telle construction présente les mêmes avantages que ceux conférés par l'utilisation de la brique décrite ci-dessus. Une telle construction présente en outre l'avantage d'avoir une partie haute de la structure qui ne nécessite pas la mise en place de moyens de fixation supplémentaires, réduisant ainsi significativement le temps de construction. The invention also relates to a construction made using an assembly as described. Such a construction has the same advantages as those conferred by the use of the brick described above. Such a construction also has the advantage of having an upper part of the structure which does not require the installation of additional fixing means, thus significantly reducing the construction time.
Préférentiellement, la mortaise ou le tenon de chacune des poutres verticales forment avec le tenon ou la mortaise correspondant(e) de la poutre horizontale haute un assemblage en queue d'aronde.  Preferably, the mortise or tenon of each of the vertical beams form with the corresponding tenon or mortise of the high horizontal beam a dovetail assembly.
L'utilisation d'un tel assemblage a pour avantage d'être facilement usinable d'une part, et d'être auto-serrant d'autre part, lorsqu'une charge par exemple engendrée par une toiture, est appliquée sur ledit assemblage.  The use of such an assembly has the advantage of being easily machinable on the one hand, and to be self-tightening on the other hand, when a load for example generated by a roof, is applied to said assembly.
Préférentiellement, les éléments de façade et l'au moins une entretoise de la brique forment au moins un évidement dont des dimensions selon l'axe transversal Yb et l'axe vertical Zb et/ou l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb sont sensiblement égales ou supérieures à des dimensions correspondantes des éléments de structure: lisse basse, poutre verticale, poutre horizontale haute, de sorte que les éléments de façade de la brique recouvrent le ou lesdits éléments de structure, sur et/ou contre le(s)quel(s) la brique est disposée.  Preferably, the facade elements and the at least one spacer of the brick form at least one recess whose dimensions along the transverse axis Yb and the vertical axis Zb and / or the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb are substantially equal to or greater than the corresponding dimensions of the structural elements: low smooth, vertical beam, high horizontal beam, so that the facade elements of the brick cover the at least one structural element, on and / or against the which brick is laid out.
Dans une telle construction, les éléments de structure ne sont pas apparents, ce qui présente l'avantage d'être plus esthétique, et permet plus facilement l'ajout de raidisseur au sein de la structure.  In such a construction, the structural elements are not apparent, which has the advantage of being more aesthetic, and makes it easier to add stiffener within the structure.
Présentation des figures Presentation of figures
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux appréciés grâce à la description qui suit, description qui expose les caractéristiques de l'invention au travers d'un exemple non limitatif d'application.  The characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better appreciated thanks to the description which follows, description which sets out the characteristics of the invention through a non-limiting example of application.
La description s'appuie sur les figures annexées qui représentent :  The description is based on the appended figures which represent:
- Figure 1 : une vue en perspective cavalière d'une brique en bois selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - Figure 2 : une vue de profil d'une construction en bois, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - Figure 1: a perspective view of a wooden brick bricks according to one embodiment of the invention; - Figure 2: a profile view of a wooden construction, according to one embodiment of the invention;
- Figure 3 : une vue en perspective isométrique de la structure interne d'un édifice en cours de montage ;  - Figure 3: an isometric perspective view of the internal structure of a building being assembled;
- Figures 4 à 6 : des vues de détail en perspective de la partie haute d'une liaison d'angle entre deux parois ;  - Figures 4 to 6: detailed perspective views of the upper part of a corner connection between two walls;
- Figure 7 : une vue de détail en perspective de la partie basse d'une liaison d'angle entre deux parois ;  - Figure 7: a detail view in perspective of the lower part of a corner connection between two walls;
- Figure 8 : une illustration de la structure d'un édifice en cours de montage, selon une vue analogue à celle de la figure 3, une partie des briques ayant été assemblées.  - Figure 8: an illustration of the structure of a building being mounted, according to a view similar to that of Figure 3, a portion of the bricks having been assembled.
Description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention Detailed description of an embodiment of the invention
La présente invention est destinée à être utilisée dans le cadre de la construction d'un édifice, ici une maison d'habitation à un niveau.  The present invention is intended to be used in the context of the construction of a building, here a dwelling house on a level.
La figure 1 montre une brique 10, par exemple mais non nécessairement, réalisée en bois pour la construction d'un bâtiment, par exemple une maison d'habitation. Plus précisément, la brique 10 est destinée à la construction d'une paroi plane, par exemple un toit horizontal ou incliné, une paroi verticale, ou encore un sol.  Figure 1 shows a brick 10, for example but not necessarily made of wood for the construction of a building, for example a dwelling house. More specifically, the brick 10 is intended for the construction of a flat wall, for example a horizontal or inclined roof, a vertical wall, or a floor.
Dans l'exemple décrit plus bas, la brique 10 est destinée à la construction d'une ou plusieurs parois verticales.  In the example described below, the brick 10 is intended for the construction of one or more vertical walls.
La brique 10 comporte un premier et un deuxième éléments de façade (11 , 12) disposés dos à dos, de part et d'autre d'un plan vertical XbZb 13. Le plan vertical XbZb 13 est disposé sensiblement parallèlement à la paroi, lorsque la brique 10 forme ladite paroi.  The brick 10 comprises first and second facing elements (11, 12) arranged back to back, on either side of a vertical plane XbZb 13. The vertical plane XbZb 13 is disposed substantially parallel to the wall, when the brick 10 forms said wall.
On considère un repère cartésien lié à la brique : axes longitudinal Xb, transversal Yb, vertical Zb, ce repère étant tel qu'un plan formé par les axes longitudinal Xb et vertical Zb est sensiblement parallèle au plan vertical XbZb 13, et que l'axe transversal Yb est sensiblement perpendiculaire audit plan vertical XbZb 13. Chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) peut être géométriquement décomposé comme la juxtaposition de deux volumes parallélépipédiques : une plaque interne (14, 15) et une plaque de parement (16, 17) disposées l'une contre l'autre, sensiblement parallèlement au plan vertical XbZb 13. Dans le présent exemple non limitatif, la plaque interne et la plaque de parement de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) présentent chacune une forme sensiblement rectangulaire, allongée selon l'axe longitudinal Xb. We consider a cartesian reference linked to the brick: longitudinal axes Xb, transverse Yb, vertical Zb, this reference being such that a plane formed by the longitudinal axes Xb and vertical Zb is substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb 13, and that the transverse axis Yb is substantially perpendicular to said vertical plane XbZb 13. Each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) can be geometrically decomposed as the juxtaposition of two parallelepipedal volumes: an inner plate (14, 15) and a facing plate (16, 17) arranged one against the other, substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb 13. In the present non-limiting example, the inner plate and the facing plate of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) each have a substantially rectangular shape, elongated along the longitudinal axis Xb.
La plaque interne (14, 15) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) est disposée en vis-à-vis de la plaque interne (15, 14) de l'autre des éléments de façade (12, 1 1 ).  The inner plate (14, 15) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) is arranged opposite the inner plate (15, 14) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1 ).
Dans le présent exemple non limitatif de réalisation de l'invention, les plaque interne et plaque de parement (14, 16, 15, 1 7) formant ensemble chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) sont réalisées de façon monobloc. Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, la plaque interne et la plaque de parement (14, 16, 15, 17) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) sont assemblées l'une avec l'autre, par exemple par collage ou autre méthode.  In the present nonlimiting embodiment of the invention, the inner plate and facing plate (14, 16, 15, 1 7) together forming each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) are made in one piece. According to another embodiment of the invention, the inner plate and the facing plate (14, 16, 15, 17) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) are assembled with each other, for example by gluing or other method.
Dans le présent exemple, les éléments de façade destinés à former la paroi intérieure et les éléments de façade destinés à former la paroi extérieure sont de même épaisseur.  In this example, the facade elements for forming the inner wall and the facade elements for forming the outer wall are of the same thickness.
Il est à noter que, dans une variante de réalisation, les éléments de façade destinés à former les parois intérieure de la maison peuvent présenter une épaisseur différente des éléments de façade destinés à constituer la paroi extérieure de la maison.  It should be noted that, in an alternative embodiment, the facade elements intended to form the inner walls of the house may have a different thickness of the facade elements intended to form the outer wall of the house.
De même, les plaques (14, 16, 15, 17) constituant ces éléments de façade peuvent présenter des épaisseurs différentes. Dans le présent exemple de réalisation, les plaques internes 14, 15 présentent une épaisseur d'environ 2,5 cm, et les plaques de parement présentent une épaisseur d'environ 1 ,5 cm.  Similarly, the plates (14, 16, 15, 17) constituting these facade elements may have different thicknesses. In the present embodiment, the inner plates 14, 15 have a thickness of about 2.5 cm, and the facing plates have a thickness of about 1.5 cm.
La plaque interne (14, 15) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) fait saillie par rapport à la plaque de parement (1 6, 17) dudit élément de façade selon l'axe longitudinal Xb, et la plaque de parement (16, 17) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) fait également saillie par rapport à la plaque interne (14, 15) dudit élément de façade selon l'axe longitudinal Xb. Lesdites saillies selon l'axe longitudinal Xb permettent de former, à des côtés opposées de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) selon l'axe longitudinal Xb, des premières rainures (19, 20), disposées selon l'axe vertical Zb. Les premières rainures (19, 20) sont aptes à accueillir les éléments de façade d'une autre brique identique à la brique 10, lors d'un emboîtement selon l'axe longitudinal Xb de ladite autre brique avec la brique 10. The inner plate (14, 15) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) protrudes from the facing plate (1 6, 17) of said facade along the longitudinal axis Xb, and the facing plate (16, 17) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) also projects relative to the inner plate (14, 15) of said facade element according to the longitudinal axis Xb. Said projections along the longitudinal axis Xb make it possible to form, on opposite sides of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) along the longitudinal axis Xb, first grooves (19, 20) arranged along the vertical axis Zb. The first grooves (19, 20) are able to accommodate the facade elements of another brick identical to the brick 10, during an interlocking along the longitudinal axis Xb of said other brick with the brick 10.
De même, la plaque interne (14, 15) de chacun des éléments de façade Similarly, the inner plate (14, 15) of each of the facade elements
(1 1 , 12) fait saillie par rapport à la plaque de parement (16, 17) dudit élément de façade selon l'axe vertical Zb de la brique 10, et la plaque de parement (16, 17) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) fait également saillie par rapport à la plaque interne (14, 15) dudit élément de façade selon l'axe vertical Zb. Lesdites saillies selon l'axe vertical Zb permettent de former, à des côtés opposées de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) selon l'axe vertical Zb, des deuxièmes rainures (22, 23), disposées selon l'axe longitudinal Xb. Les deuxièmes rainures (22, 23) sont aptes à accueillir les éléments de façade d'une brique identique à la brique 10, lors de leur emboîtement selon l'axe vertical Zb. (1 1, 12) protrudes from the facing plate (16, 17) of said facade element along the vertical axis Zb of the brick 10, and the facing plate (16, 17) of each of the elements of front (1 1, 12) also projects relative to the inner plate (14, 15) of said facade element along the vertical axis Zb. Said projections along the vertical axis Zb make it possible to form, on opposite sides of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) along the vertical axis Zb, second grooves (22, 23) arranged along the longitudinal axis Xb. The second grooves (22, 23) are able to accommodate the front elements of a brick identical to the brick 10, when they interlock along the vertical axis Zb.
Selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention présenté à la figure 1 , la plaque interne (14, 15) de chaque élément de façade (1 1 , 12) fait saillie par rapport à la plaque de parement (16, 17) à la fois selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et selon l'axe vertical Zb, et de même la plaque de parement (16, 17) de chaque élément de façade (1 1 , 12) fait saillie de façon symétrique par rapport à la plaque interne (14, 15) à la fois selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et selon l'axe vertical Zb. On comprend, en d'autres termes, que les deux plaques géométriques (plaque interne et plaque de parement) formant le volume de l'élément de façade, quoiqu'étant de dimensions sensiblement égales selon les axes longitudinal Xb et vertical Zb, sont décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre selon leur plan de contact. Il est à noter que les décalages des saillies formées par les plaques internes et de parement peuvent être différents selon les axes vertical Zb et longitudinal Xb, ou entre les plaques de parement destinées à former la paroi interne la construction et les plaques de parement destinées à former la paroi externe de ladite construction. According to the embodiment of the invention presented in FIG. 1, the inner plate (14, 15) of each facade element (1 1, 12) protrudes with respect to the facing plate (16, 17) at the times along the longitudinal axis Xb and along the vertical axis Zb, and likewise the facing plate (16, 17) of each façade element (1 1, 12) protrudes symmetrically with respect to the internal plate ( 14, 15) both along the longitudinal axis Xb and along the vertical axis Zb. In other words, it is understood that the two geometric plates (inner plate and facing plate) forming the volume of the facade element, although being of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axes Xb and vertical Zb, are offset relative to each other according to their contact plan. It should be noted that the offsets of the projections formed by the inner and facing plates may be different along the vertical axes Zb and longitudinal Xb, or between the facing plates intended to form the inner wall of the construction and the facing plates intended for forming the outer wall of said construction.
Selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention présenté à la figure 1 , les plaques interne et les plaques de parement formant les éléments de façade (1 1 , 1 2) sont de longueur sensiblement égale selon l'axe longitudinal Xb. Elles sont également de hauteur sensiblement égale selon l'axe vertical Zb.  According to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, the inner plates and the facing plates forming the front elements (1 1, 1 2) are of substantially equal length along the longitudinal axis Xb. They are also of substantially equal height along the vertical axis Zb.
Ainsi, lors de l'emboîtement selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et/ou l'axe vertical Zb de plusieurs briques 1 0 identiques, les plaques internes et les plaques de parement desdites briques forment des parois continues dénuées d'espace vide, et sensiblement coplanaires.  Thus, during the interlocking along the longitudinal axis Xb and / or the vertical axis Zb of several identical bricks 1 0, the inner plates and the facing plates of said bricks form continuous walls devoid of empty space, and substantially coplanar.
Dans l'exemple décrit ici et illustré par les figures, les épaisseurs des plaques internes et des plaques de parement (14, 1 5, 16, 1 7) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 1 2) selon l'axe transversal Yb sont sensiblement égales. Elles peuvent cependant être différentes dans une variante de réalisation. La plaque interne peut notamment être plus épaisse que la plaque de parement de chaque élément de façade.  In the example described here and illustrated by the figures, the thicknesses of the inner plates and facing plates (14, 1 5, 16, 1 7) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 1 2) along the axis transverse Yb are substantially equal. They may however be different in an alternative embodiment. The inner plate may in particular be thicker than the facing plate of each facade element.
Dans le présent exemple, la longueur hors tout 25 (selon l'axe longitudinal Xb) de chaque élément de façade (1 1 , 1 2) est sensiblement égale à la longueur de l'autre élément de façade (1 2, 1 1 ). Cette longueur hors tout 25 comprend la longueur de la plaque interne et la longueur de la saillie horizontale formée par la plaque de parement vis à vis de cette plaque interne. De même, la hauteur hors tout 26 (selon l'axe vertical Zb) de chaque élément de façade (1 1 , 1 2) est sensiblement égale à la hauteur de l'autre élément de façade (1 2, 1 1 ). Cette hauteur hors tout 26 comprend la hauteur de la plaque interne et la hauteur de la saillie verticale formée par la plaque de parement vis à vis de cette plaque interne.  In the present example, the overall length (along the longitudinal axis Xb) of each facade element (1 1, 1 2) is substantially equal to the length of the other facade element (1 2, 1 1). . This overall length 25 comprises the length of the inner plate and the length of the horizontal projection formed by the facing plate opposite this inner plate. Similarly, the overall height 26 (along the vertical axis Zb) of each facade element (1 1, 1 2) is substantially equal to the height of the other facade element (1 2, 1 1). This overall height 26 comprises the height of the inner plate and the height of the vertical projection formed by the facing plate opposite the inner plate.
Ainsi, une dimension (27, 28) selon l'axe longitudinal Xb de chacune des premières rainures (19, 20) de l'un des éléments de façade (1 1 , 1 2) est sensiblement égale à une dimension (28, 27) selon l'axe longitudinal Xb de l'une des premières rainures (20, 19) de l'autre des éléments de façade (12, 1 1 ). De même, une dimension (29, 30) selon l'axe vertical Zb de chacune des deuxièmes rainures (22, 23) de l'un des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) est sensiblement égale à une dimension (29, 30) selon l'axe vertical Zb de l'une des deuxièmes rainures (23, 22) de l'autre des éléments de façade (12, 1 1 ). Thus, a dimension (27, 28) along the longitudinal axis Xb of each of the first grooves (19, 20) of one of the facade elements (1 1, 1 2) is substantially equal to one dimension (28, 27) along the longitudinal axis Xb of one of the first grooves (20, 19) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1). Similarly, a dimension (29, 30) along the vertical axis Zb of each of the second grooves (22, 23) of one of the facade elements (1 1, 12) is substantially equal to one dimension (29, 30). ) along the vertical axis Zb of one of the second grooves (23, 22) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1).
Dans l'exemple, les plaques internes et de parement (14, 15, 16, 17) formant les éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) étant toutes de dimensions sensiblement égales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et selon l'axe vertical Zb, les dimensions (27, 28) des premières rainures (19, 20) des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) selon l'axe longitudinal Xb sont toutes sensiblement égales, et les dimensions (29, 30) des deuxièmes rainures (22, 23) des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) selon l'axe vertical Zb sont toutes sensiblement égales.  In the example, the internal and facing plates (14, 15, 16, 17) forming the facade elements (1 1, 12) are all of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axis Xb and along the vertical axis Zb , the dimensions (27, 28) of the first grooves (19, 20) of the facade elements (1 1, 12) along the longitudinal axis Xb are all substantially equal, and the dimensions (29, 30) of the second grooves (22 , 23) facade elements (1 1, 12) along the vertical axis Zb are all substantially equal.
Selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention présenté à la figure 1 , les éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) sont disposés l'un par rapport à l'autre de sorte que des bords périphériques desdits éléments de façade soient sensiblement alignés selon l'axe transversal Yb.  According to the embodiment of the invention presented in FIG. 1, the facade elements (1 1, 12) are arranged relative to each other so that peripheral edges of said facade elements are substantially aligned according to the transverse axis Yb.
La plaque interne (14, 15) de chacun des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) est reliée à la plaque interne (15, 14) de l'autre des éléments de façade (12, 1 1 ) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une entretoise (31 , 32) sensiblement parallélépipédique. Dans l'exemple, la brique 10 comprend deux entretoises (31 , 32) sensiblement identiques.  The inner plate (14, 15) of each of the facade elements (1 1, 12) is connected to the inner plate (15, 14) of the other of the facade elements (12, 1 1) via at least one spacer (31, 32) substantially parallelepipedic. In the example, the brick 10 comprises two spacers (31, 32) substantially identical.
Chaque entretoise (31 , 32) comprend, sur deux faces (33, 34) opposées, un tenon (35, 36) disposé selon l'axe transversal Yb et coopérant avec une mortaise (37, 38) portée par la plaque interne (14, 15) de l'un des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12).  Each spacer (31, 32) comprises, on two opposite faces (33, 34), a tenon (35, 36) arranged along the transverse axis Yb and cooperating with a mortise (37, 38) carried by the inner plate (14). 15) of one of the facade elements (1 1, 12).
Les tenons (35, 36) de chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) forment une butée (39, 40) bloquant une translation de la mortaise (37, 38) correspondante de l'une des deux plaques internes (14, 15) dans une direction opposée audit entretoise (31 , 32) selon l'axe transversal Yb. Ainsi, l'assemblage des deux éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) au moyen des entretoises (31 , 32) ne nécessite pas l'utilisation de moyens de fixation supplémentaires, tels que des clous, des vis ou de la colle, et il n'est, en conséquence, pas non plus nécessaire d'utiliser de tels moyens lors de l'assemblage de plusieurs briques identiques à la brique 10. The tenons (35, 36) of each of the spacers (31, 32) form a stop (39, 40) blocking a translation of the mortise (37, 38) corresponding to one of the two inner plates (14, 15) in a direction opposite said spacer (31, 32) along the transverse axis Yb. Thus, the assembly of the two facade elements (1 1, 12) by means of the spacers (31, 32) does not require the use of additional fastening means, such as nails, screws or glue, and it is, therefore, not necessary to use such means when assembling several bricks identical to the brick 10.
Dans une variante, chaque entretoise (31 , 32) comporte, sur ses deux faces (33, 34) opposées, une mortaise coopérant avec un tenon porté par l'un des deux éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) et disposé selon l'axe transversal Yb, les mortaises de chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) formant une butée bloquant une translation du tenon correspondant de l'une des deux plaques internes (14, 15) dans une direction opposée audit entretoise selon l'axe transversal Yb.  In a variant, each spacer (31, 32) comprises, on its two opposite faces (33, 34), a mortise cooperating with a tenon carried by one of the two facade elements (1 1, 12) and arranged according to FIG. transverse axis Yb, the mortises of each of the spacers (31, 32) forming an abutment blocking a translation of the corresponding pin of one of the two inner plates (14, 15) in a direction opposite to said spacer along the transverse axis Yb .
Dans une autre variante, chaque entretoise (31 , 32) comporte, sur une de ses deux faces (33, 34) opposées, une mortaise coopérant avec un tenon porté par l'un des deux éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) et disposé selon l'axe transversal Yb, et sur l'autre de ses deux faces (34, 33) opposées, un tenon disposé selon l'axe transversal Yb coopérant avec une mortaise portée par l'autre des deux éléments de façade (12, 1 1 ), les tenon et mortaise de chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) formant une butée bloquant une translation des mortaise et tenon correspondant de l'une des deux plaques internes (14, 15) dans une direction opposée audit entretoise selon l'axe transversal Yb.  In another variant, each spacer (31, 32) comprises, on one of its two opposite faces (33, 34), a mortise cooperating with a tenon carried by one of the two facade elements (1 1, 12) and disposed along the transverse axis Yb, and on the other of its two opposite faces (34, 33), a tenon disposed along the transverse axis Yb cooperating with a mortise carried by the other of the two facade elements (12, 1 1), the tenons and mortise of each of the spacers (31, 32) forming an abutment blocking a translation mortise and corresponding tenon of one of the two inner plates (14, 15) in a direction opposite to said spacer according to the transverse axis Yb.
Selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention présenté à la figure 1 , les tenons (35, 36) de chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) forment avec la mortaise (37, 38) correspondante de l'une des deux plaques internes (14, 15) un assemblage en queue d'aronde, permettant de réaliser les butées (39, 40).  According to the embodiment of the invention presented in FIG. 1, the tenons (35, 36) of each of the spacers (31, 32) form with the corresponding mortise (37, 38) of one of the two inner plates ( 14, 15) a dovetail assembly for making the abutments (39, 40).
Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, les tenons (35, 36) et les mortaises (37, 38) sont sensiblement en forme de T, de manière à réaliser les butées (39, 40).  According to another embodiment of the invention, the tenons (35, 36) and mortises (37, 38) are substantially T-shaped, so as to achieve the stops (39, 40).
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) a sensiblement la forme d'une plaque disposée sensiblement parallèlement aux axes transversal Yb et vertical Zb. De cette manière, la brique 10 comporte des espaces vides délimités par les deux éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) et les entretoises (31 , 32), permettant par exemple le passage de gaines techniques, et la mise en place d'une isolation thermique et/ou acoustique. According to one embodiment of the invention, each of the spacers (31, 32) has substantially the shape of a plate disposed substantially parallel to the transverse axes Yb and vertical Zb. In this way, the brick 10 has empty spaces delimited by the two facade elements (1 1, 12) and the spacers (31, 32), allowing for example the passage of ducts, and the establishment of a thermal and / or acoustic insulation.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la hauteur 41 selon l'axe vertical Zb de chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) est sensiblement égale à la distance selon l'axe vertical Zb entre un bord en saillie selon l'axe vertical Zb de l'une des plaques internes (14, 15) et un bord en saillie selon l'axe vertical Zb de la plaque interne correspondante d'une autre brique emboîtée à la brique 10 selon l'axe vertical Zb.  According to one embodiment of the invention, the height 41 along the vertical axis Zb of each of the spacers (31, 32) is substantially equal to the distance along the vertical axis Zb between an edge projecting along the vertical axis Zb of one of the inner plates (14, 15) and an edge projecting along the vertical axis Zb of the corresponding inner plate of another brick nested to the brick 10 along the vertical axis Zb.
Ainsi, dans l'exemple, la hauteur 41 selon l'axe vertical Zb de chacun des entretoises (31 , 32) est sensiblement égale à la hauteur selon l'axe vertical Zb des plaques internes (14, 16) des éléments de façade (1 1 , 12).  Thus, in the example, the height 41 along the vertical axis Zb of each of the spacers (31, 32) is substantially equal to the height along the vertical axis Zb of the inner plates (14, 16) of the facade elements ( 1 1, 12).
De cette manière, lors de l'emboîtement de plusieurs briques selon l'axe vertical Zb, les entretoises (31 , 32) de chacune des briques s'empilent les uns sur les autres selon l'axe vertical Zb, permettant ainsi de renforcer la stabilité et de raidir la paroi formée par lesdites briques 10.  In this way, during the interlocking of several bricks along the vertical axis Zb, the spacers (31, 32) of each of the bricks stack on one another along the vertical axis Zb, thus making it possible to reinforce the stability and stiffen the wall formed by said bricks 10.
Un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention se présente sous la forme d'un ensemble pour former une brique 10 comprenant deux éléments de façade (1 1 , 12), et au moins une entretoise (31 , 32), tels que décrits ci- dessus.  Another embodiment of the invention is in the form of an assembly for forming a brick 10 comprising two facade elements (1 1, 12), and at least one spacer (31, 32), as described herein. - above.
Dans un exemple donné à titre purement indicatif, la longueur hors tout d'une brique 10 est d'environ 50 cm selon l'axe longitudinal Xb, pour une épaisseur hors tout d'environ 20 cm et une hauteur hors tout d'environ 25 cm. La saillie formée par chaque plaque de parement vis à vis de la plaque interne de chaque élément de façade 1 1 , 12 est ici d'environ 5 cm selon l'axe longitudinal Xb, et d'environ 2 cm selon l'axe vertical Zb.  In an example given purely for information, the overall length of a brick 10 is about 50 cm along the longitudinal axis Xb, for an overall thickness of about 20 cm and an overall height of about 25 cm. cm. The projection formed by each facing plate with respect to the inner plate of each facade element 1 1, 12 is here about 5 cm along the longitudinal axis Xb, and about 2 cm along the vertical axis Zb .
Dans cet exemple de réalisation, il existe également des briques présentant une longueur réduite de moitié, permettant ainsi de réaliser un montage en quinconce des briques tout en étant compatible avec le passage d'huisseries telles que des cadres de fenêtres. Dans le présent exemple de réalisation, tous les différents éléments formant la brique sont réalisés en bois, par exemple par découpe à partir de planches en bois dur. Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, les éléments formant la brique sont réalisés en aggloméré ou en bois lamellé collé. Dans encore un autre exemple de réalisation, certains des éléments sont réalisés en bois, et d'autres éléments sont réalisés en une autre matière. In this embodiment, there are also bricks having a length reduced by half, thus making it possible to form a staggered assembly of the bricks while being compatible with the passage of frames such as window frames. In the present embodiment, all the different elements forming the brick are made of wood, for example by cutting from hardwood planks. In another embodiment, the elements forming the brick are made of chipboard or glued laminated wood. In yet another embodiment, some of the elements are made of wood, and other elements are made of another material.
Au niveau de chaque angle de la construction, les briques 10 sont remplacées par des briques d'angle 10'. Comme on le comprend, ces briques d'angles 10' comportent un élément de façade12' destiné à former la façade extérieure de longueur différente de celle de l'élément de façade 1 1 ' destiné à former la façade intérieure, l'écart de ces longueurs étant égal à l'épaisseur totale des briques 10 assemblées.  At each corner of the construction, bricks 10 are replaced by corner bricks 10 '. As can be understood, these corner bricks 10 'comprise a facade element 12' intended to form the external facade of different length from that of the facade element 1 1 'intended to form the interior facade, the distance from these elements. lengths being equal to the total thickness of the assembled bricks.
Ces deux éléments de façade 1 1 ', 12', lorsqu'ils sont disposés en vis à vis pour former une brique, présentent ainsi, entre une de leurs extrémités, un décalage longitudinal égal à l'épaisseur de la brique 10. Les éléments de façade sont biseautés à 45° en ces extrémités, de manière à former un angle droit par assemblage de deux briques d'angles complémentaires.  These two facade elements 1 1 ', 12', when arranged opposite to form a brick, thus have, between one of their ends, a longitudinal offset equal to the thickness of the brick 10. The elements The front ends are chamfered at 45 ° at these ends, so as to form a right angle by assembling two bricks of complementary angles.
L'assemblage des éléments de façade appartenant à deux briques d'angles complémentaires se fait par toute méthode connue de l'homme de l'art. Dans un mode avantageux de réalisation évitant l'utilisation de clous ou de colle, cet assemblage est réalisé par utilisation de pièces rigides insérées dans des rainures ménagées dans l'épaisseur des plaques internes de ces éléments de façade. De telles pièces rigides de fixation sont connues. Elles sont solidarisées par blocage d'une pièce de liaison, généralement réalisée par utilisation d'une clé alêne.  The assembly of the facade elements belonging to two bricks of complementary angles is done by any method known to those skilled in the art. In an advantageous embodiment avoiding the use of nails or glue, this assembly is achieved by using rigid parts inserted into grooves in the thickness of the inner plates of these facade elements. Such rigid fasteners are known. They are secured by locking a connecting piece, generally made by using a key awl.
De la sorte, il est possible d'assembler des briques 10' pour former les angles de la construction.  In this way, it is possible to assemble bricks 10 'to form the corners of the construction.
Comme on le comprend, les briques d'angles 10' peuvent être de longueurs différentes, selon les effets visuels souhaités lors du montage. La figure 2 montre une vue en perspective d'une construction 100, comme par exemple une maison d'habitation, selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. La construction 100 comprend notamment une paroi 101 sensiblement verticale. As can be understood, the corner bricks 10 'can be of different lengths, depending on the visual effects desired during assembly. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a construction 100, such as a dwelling house, according to one embodiment of the invention. The construction 100 includes a substantially vertical wall 101.
On considère un second repère cartésien, ici lié à la construction : axes longitudinal Xc, transversal Yc, vertical Zc ; tel que l'axe Zc est vertical et un plan formé par les axes longitudinal Xc et vertical Zc est sensiblement parallèle à la paroi 101 .  We consider a second cartesian reference, here related to the construction: longitudinal axes Xc, transverse Yc, vertical Zc; such that the Zc axis is vertical and a plane formed by the longitudinal axes Xc and vertical Zc is substantially parallel to the wall 101.
La paroi 101 comporte une structure 102 en bois. La structure 102 comprend un premier élément 103 de structure, par exemple une poutre, disposée selon l'axe longitudinal Xc de la paroi. Cette première poutre 103, également appelée lisse basse dans la suite de la description, comporte des moyens de fixation, par exemple des vis, à un support (non représenté figure2) sensiblement horizontal. Cette lisse basse 103 est, dans le présent exemple, posée et scellée sur une bande d'arase qui est elle même posée sur une dalle béton formant support de la construction. Le mode de réalisation de la dalle béton et la nature de la bande d'arase sont supposés connus de l'homme du métier, et sortent en tant que telles du cadre de la présente invention. Ils ne sont donc pas détaillés plus avant ici.  The wall 101 has a wooden structure 102. The structure 102 comprises a first element 103 of structure, for example a beam, disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc of the wall. This first beam 103, also called lower rail in the following description, comprises fastening means, for example screws, a support (not shown Figure2) substantially horizontal. This low rail 103 is, in the present example, laid and sealed on a strip of arase which is itself placed on a concrete slab forming a support construction. The embodiment of the concrete slab and the nature of the arase strip are assumed to be known to those skilled in the art, and as such depart from the scope of the present invention. They are not detailed further here.
Dans l'exemple illustré par la figure 2, la lisse basse 103 est séparée en deux parties, laissant un espace 105 vide, de manière à pouvoir accueillir un encadrement 106 de porte.  In the example illustrated in Figure 2, the low rail 103 is separated into two parts, leaving a space 105 empty, so as to accommodate a door frame 106.
La structure 102 comprend en outre deux poutres verticales (107, 108), c'est à dire dont la plus grande longueur est orientée selon l'axe vertical Zc. Les poutres verticales (107, 108) sont disposées au contact de la lisse basse 103 par une de leurs faces, et perpendiculairement à celle-ci, c'est à dire orientées selon l'axe vertical Zc. Les poutres verticales (107, 108) comportent des moyens de fixation, par exemple des vis, au support et/ou à la lisse basse 103.  The structure 102 further comprises two vertical beams (107, 108), that is to say whose greatest length is oriented along the vertical axis Zc. The vertical beams (107, 108) are arranged in contact with the lower rail 103 by one of their faces, and perpendicular thereto, that is oriented along the vertical axis Zc. The vertical beams (107, 108) comprise fastening means, for example screws, to the support and / or the low rail 103.
Dans l'exemple, les poutres verticales (107, 108) sont disposées de part et d'autre de l'encadrement 106 de porte, une des poutres verticales 107 étant disposée à une extrémité de la lisse basse 103, et l'autre des poutres verticales 108 étant disposée à proximité de l'encadrement 106 de porte. Les poutres verticales (107, 108) peuvent également être chacune disposée à une extrémité de la lisse basse 103. In the example, the vertical beams (107, 108) are arranged on either side of the door frame 106, one of the vertical beams 107 being disposed at one end of the low rail 103, and the other of the vertical beams 108 being disposed near the door frame 106. The vertical beams (107, 108) may also be each disposed at one end of the low rail 103.
Dans l'exemple, une extrémité (110, 111 ) de chacune des poutres verticales (107, 108), opposée à la lisse basse 103, accueille une mortaise (1 12, 1 13) disposée selon l'axe longitudinal Xc. La mortaise (112, 113) de chacune des poutres verticales (107, 108) coopère avec un tenon (114, 115) porté par un troisième élément de structure, par exemple une poutre horizontale haute 116, disposée selon l'axe longitudinal Xc. La mortaise (1 12, 1 13) de chacune des poutres verticales (107, 108) forme une butée bloquant une translation du tenon (1 14, 1 15) correspondant de la poutre horizontale haute 1 16 dans une direction opposée à ladite poutre horizontale haute 1 16 selon l'axe longitudinal Xc.  In the example, one end (110, 111) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108), opposite to the lower rail 103, accommodates a mortise (1 12, 1 13) disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc. The mortise (112, 113) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) cooperates with a pin (114, 115) carried by a third structural element, for example a high horizontal beam 116, disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc. The mortise (1 12, 1 13) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) forms a stop blocking a translation of the pin (1 14, 1 15) corresponding to the high horizontal beam 1 16 in a direction opposite to said horizontal beam high 1 16 along the longitudinal axis Xc.
Dans une variante, l'extrémité (1 10, 1 1 1 ) de chacune des poutres verticales (107, 108) accueille un tenon disposé selon l'axe longitudinal Xc et coopérant avec une mortaise portée par la poutre horizontale haute 1 16. Le tenon de chacune des poutres verticales (107, 108) forme alors une butée bloquant une translation de la mortaise correspondante de la troisième poutre 1 16 dans une direction opposée à ladite poutre horizontale haute selon l'axe longitudinal Xc.  In a variant, the end (1 10, 1 1 1) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) accommodates a tenon arranged along the longitudinal axis Xc and cooperating with a mortise carried by the high horizontal beam 1 16. The tenon of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) then forms a stop blocking a translation of the corresponding mortise of the third beam 1 16 in a direction opposite to said horizontal beam high along the longitudinal axis Xc.
Dans une autre variante, l'extrémité (1 10, 1 1 1 ) d'une des poutres verticales (107, 108) accueille un tenon disposé selon l'axe longitudinal Xc, et l'extrémité (1 1 1 , 1 10) d'une autre des poutres verticales (108, 107) accueille une mortaise disposée selon l'axe longitudinal Xc. Le tenon et la mortaise des poutres verticales (107, 108) coopèrent respectivement avec une mortaise et un tenon portés par la poutre horizontale haute 1 16. Le tenon et la mortaise des poutres verticales (107, 108) forment chacun une butée bloquant une translation de la mortaise et du tenon correspondants de la poutre horizontale haute 1 16 dans une direction opposée à ladite poutre horizontale haute 1 16 selon l'axe longitudinal Xc. Selon le mode de réalisation de l'invention présenté à la figure 2, les mortaises (1 12, 1 13) de chacune des poutres verticales (107, 108) forment avec le tenon (1 14, 1 15) correspondant de la poutre horizontale haute 1 16 un assemblage en queue d'aronde. Un tel assemblage présente l'avantage d'être auto-serrant. Ainsi, lorsqu'une charge, par exemple engendrée par une toiture, est appliquée à la poutre horizontale haute 1 16, l'assemblage en queue d'aronde se serre, de sorte à assurer la solidité de la structure 102. In another variant, the end (1 10, 1 1 1) of one of the vertical beams (107, 108) accommodates a tenon disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc, and the end (1 1 1, 1 10). another of the vertical beams (108, 107) accommodates a mortise disposed along the longitudinal axis Xc. The tenon and the mortise of the vertical beams (107, 108) cooperate respectively with a mortise and tenon carried by the high horizontal beam 1 16. The tenon and the mortise of the vertical beams (107, 108) each form a stop blocking a translation corresponding mortise and tenon of the high horizontal beam 1 16 in a direction opposite to said high horizontal beam 1 16 along the longitudinal axis Xc. According to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 2, the mortises (1 12, 1 13) of each of the vertical beams (107, 108) form with the pin (1 14, 1 15) corresponding to the horizontal beam high 1 16 a dovetail assembly. Such an assembly has the advantage of being self-tightening. Thus, when a load, for example generated by a roof, is applied to the high horizontal beam 1 16, the dovetail assembly is tightened, so as to ensure the strength of the structure 102.
La paroi 101 comporte également au moins une brique 10 disposée sur et/ou contre la structure 102. Dans l'exemple décrit ici et illustré sur les figures, la paroi 101 comporte plusieurs niveaux de briques 10 superposées en quinconce.  The wall 101 also comprises at least one brick 10 disposed on and / or against the structure 102. In the example described here and illustrated in the figures, the wall 101 has several levels of bricks 10 superposed staggered.
Dans l'exemple, les briques 10 sont disposées sur la figure 2 de la même manière que sur la figure 1 par rapport au repère cartésien lié à la paroi (longitudinal Xc, transversal Yc, vertical Zc). Cependant, les briques 10 pourraient également être disposées de sorte que l'axe vertical Zc et l'axe longitudinal Xc de la figure 1 soient respectivement horizontal et vertical.  In the example, the bricks 10 are arranged in FIG. 2 in the same manner as in FIG. 1 with respect to the Cartesian reference linked to the wall (longitudinal Xc, transversal Yc, vertical Zc). However, the bricks 10 could also be arranged so that the vertical axis Zc and the longitudinal axis Xc of Figure 1 are respectively horizontal and vertical.
Les éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) d'une brique 10 et l'au moins une entretoise (31 , 32) de chacune des briques 10 déterminent au moins un évidement (1 17, 1 18) (voir figure 1 ) dont des dimensions selon les axes longitudinal Xb et transversal Yb et/ou selon les axes transversal Yb et vertical Zb sont sensiblement égales ou supérieures à des dimensions correspondantes des éléments de structure : lisse basse 103, poutres verticales 107, 108, poutre horizontale haute 1 16, de sorte que les éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) des briques 10 recouvrent le ou lesdits éléments de structure (103, 107, 108, 1 16) sur et/ou contre le(s)quel(s) les briques 10 sont disposées, ou autour desquels elles sont assemblées. En d'autre termes, l'espace laissé libre entre les éléments de façade 1 1 , 12 des briques est suffisant pour accommoder la présence des éléments de structure : lisse basse 103, poutres verticales 107, 108, poutre horizontale haute 1 16, de la construction. Dans une autre variante, illustrée par les figures 3 à 8, les poutres verticales 107, 108 sont remplacées par des raidisseurs verticaux 310. Dans l'exemple illustré figure 3, un raidisseur 310 est disposé tous les quatre ou cinq mètres le long de chaque lisse basse 103. Chaque raidisseur 310 est configuré sous la forme d'une poutre verticale mince, c'est à dire dont la section selon un plan horizontal XcYc est un rectangle allongé tel que sa plus grande dimension est par exemple cinq fois plus grande que sa plus petite dimension. La largeur des raidisseurs est, dans le présent exemple de réalisation, identique à celle de la lisse basse 103 et donc légèrement inférieure à la distance entre les deux éléments de façade d'une brique. On comprend que, de la sorte, une brique 10 peut être assemblée autour d'un raidisseur vertical 310, sans que celui-ci gène cette assemblage. The facade elements (1 1, 12) of a brick 10 and the at least one spacer (31, 32) of each of the bricks 10 determine at least one recess (1 17, 1 18) (see FIG. dimensions along the longitudinal axes Xb and transverse Yb and / or along the transverse axes Yb and vertical Zb are substantially equal to or greater than corresponding dimensions of the structural elements: low smooth 103, vertical beams 107, 108, high horizontal beam 1 16 , so that the elements of facade (1 1, 12) of the bricks 10 cover the said structural member (s) (103, 107, 108, 1 16) on and / or against which (s) the (s) bricks 10 are arranged, or around which they are assembled. In other words, the space left free between the elements of facade 1 1, 12 bricks is sufficient to accommodate the presence of structural elements: low smooth 103, vertical beams 107, 108, high horizontal beam 1 16, de construction. In another variant, illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 8, the vertical beams 107, 108 are replaced by vertical stiffeners 310. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, a stiffener 310 is placed every four or five meters along each Each stiffener 310 is configured in the form of a thin vertical beam, that is to say whose section in a horizontal plane XcYc is an elongated rectangle such that its largest dimension is for example five times larger than its smallest dimension. The width of the stiffeners is, in the present embodiment, identical to that of the low rail 103 and therefore slightly less than the distance between the two facade elements of a brick. It is understood that, in this way, a brick 10 can be assembled around a vertical stiffener 310, without this gene gene this assembly.
A chaque angle de la construction, et ainsi qu'on le voit sur la figure 3, deux raidisseurs verticaux 310 sont disposés parallèlement, à un intervalle longitudinal de quelques dizaines de centimètres sur un segment longitudinal de la lisse basse 103. Un de ces raidisseurs verticaux 310 est disposé à l'extrémité longitudinale de la lisse basse 103.  At each angle of the construction, and as seen in Figure 3, two vertical stiffeners 310 are arranged parallel to a longitudinal gap of a few tens of centimeters on a longitudinal segment of the low rail 103. One of these stiffeners vertical 310 is disposed at the longitudinal end of the low rail 103.
Un troisième raidisseur vertical 310 est avantageusement disposé, perpendiculairement aux deux précédents, et toujours au voisinage de l'angle de la construction, sur un segment transversal de la lisse basse 103. Dans le présent exemple non limitatif, tous ces raidisseurs verticaux 310 sont de dimensions identiques, et notamment de hauteur identique.  A third vertical stiffener 310 is advantageously disposed, perpendicular to the two preceding ones, and always in the vicinity of the angle of the construction, on a transverse segment of the low rail 103. In the present nonlimiting example, all these vertical stiffeners 310 are of identical dimensions, and in particular of identical height.
Ces raidisseurs 310 sont solidarisés à la lisse basse, par exemple par vissage ou autre méthode connue en soi de l'homme du métier.  These stiffeners 310 are secured to the low rail, for example by screwing or other method known per se to those skilled in the art.
Ainsi qu'on le voit plus en détail sur les figures 4 à 6, la structure de la construction comporte en partie haute des raidisseurs verticaux 310 formant les bords des façades deux modules de liaison d'angle 31 1 , 312, perpendiculaires l'un à l'autre. Chaque module de liaison d'angle 31 1 , 312 est formé d'une seule pièce parallélépipédique dont la largeur est identique à la largeur des raidisseurs verticaux 310, et dont la longueur est égale à la distance entre deux raidisseurs verticaux. Comme on le voit sur les figures 5 ou 6, les longueurs des modules de liaison d'angle 31 1 , 312 ne sont pas nécessairement égales. As can be seen in greater detail in FIGS. 4 to 6, the structure of the construction comprises, at the top, vertical stiffeners 310 forming the edges of the facades, two corner-connecting modules 31 1, 312, perpendicular to each other. to the other. Each corner connection module 31 1, 312 is formed of a single parallelepiped piece whose width is identical to the width of the vertical stiffeners 310, and whose length is equal to the distance between two vertical stiffeners. As seen in FIGS. or 6, the lengths of the angle link modules 31 1, 312 are not necessarily equal.
Une des extrémités longitudinale de chaque module de liaison d'angle 31 1 , 312 comporte des sculptures sur ses faces externe et interne complémentaires des tenons ou mortaises déterminés dans les briques 10.  One of the longitudinal ends of each corner connection module 31 1, 312 comprises sculptures on its outer and inner complementary faces of the tenons or mortises determined in the bricks 10.
Dans le présent exemple de réalisation, les modules de liaison d'angle 31 1 , 312 sont formés de quatre pièces de bois assemblées par collage. Dans une variante de réalisation, l'assemblage de chaque module de liaison d'angle est réalisé par utilisation de pièces rigides complémentaires insérées dans des évidements ménagés au sein de faces, destinées à venir en vis à vis, de plaques formant lesdits modules.  In the present embodiment, the corner link modules 31 1, 312 are formed of four pieces of wood assembled by gluing. In an alternative embodiment, the assembly of each corner connection module is made by using complementary rigid parts inserted in recesses formed in faces, intended to come opposite, plates forming said modules.
Dans la présente variante de réalisation, les poutres horizontales hautes 1 16 sont remplacées par des poutres creuses 1 16' formées chacune d'un assemblage comportant des raidisseurs latéraux externe 313 et interne 314 reliés par une série d'entretoises 315, comme on le voit notamment sur la figure 3. Ces poutres creuses 1 16' viennent se placer entre les extrémités hautes des raidisseurs verticaux 310. Elles sont solidarisées à ces raidisseurs par tout moyen connu de l'homme de l'art, par exemple vissage ou collage. Les panneaux d'extrémité de ces poutres creuses 1 16' comportent, dans une variante de réalisation, des tenons adaptés à s'adapter dans des sculptures complémentaires de briques 10.  In the present embodiment variant, the high horizontal beams 1 16 are replaced by hollow beams 1 16 'each formed of an assembly comprising external lateral stiffeners 313 and internal 314 connected by a series of spacers 315, as can be seen in particular in Figure 3. These hollow beams 1 16 'are placed between the upper ends of the vertical stiffeners 310. They are secured to these stiffeners by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example screwing or gluing. The end panels of these hollow beams 1 16 'comprise, in an alternative embodiment, tenons adapted to fit into complementary brick sculptures 10.
Le montage de la maison est alors réalisé en suivant les étapes ci- dessous (voir notamment figure 8) :  The assembly of the house is then realized by following the steps below (see in particular figure 8):
- Fixation des lisses basses 103 sur les bandes d'arase du soubassement, par exemple par ancrage.  - Fixing the low rails 103 on the basement stringer bands, for example by anchoring.
- Assemblage des briques 10 et montage par couches superposées, en débutant par un angle, et en réalisant un assemblage en quinconce des briques. Dans ce montage, chaque entretoise 31 , 32 est décalée verticalement de quelques centimètres par rapport aux éléments de façade 1 1 , 12, de façon à s'imbriquer dans deux briques superposées. - Placement de pré-cadres 106 destinés à recevoir des huisseries, selon la hauteur de briques souhaitées sous ces huisseries. - Assembling bricks 10 and mounting layers, starting at an angle, and making a staggered assembly of bricks. In this arrangement, each spacer 31, 32 is offset vertically a few centimeters from the front elements 1 1, 12, so as to nest in two superimposed bricks. - Placement of pre-frames 106 for receiving frames, depending on the height of bricks desired under these frames.
- Placement des raidisseurs verticaux 310 à intervalles réguliers le long des façades, et des groupes de raidisseurs d'angles.  - Placement of the vertical stiffeners 310 at regular intervals along the facades, and groups of corner stiffeners.
- Assemblage des modules d'angles 31 1 , 312 en partie haute des raidisseurs 310, au dessus d'une épaisseur de briques 10.  - Assembling the corner modules 31 1, 312 in the upper part of the stiffeners 310, above a brick thickness 10.
- Fixation des poutres horizontales hautes 1 16 au dessus d'une épaisseur de briques,  - Fixing high horizontal beams 1 16 above a thickness of bricks,
- Fixation de lisses horizontales hautes 401 au dessus des poutres horizontales hautes 1 16.  - Attaching high horizontal rails 401 above the high horizontal beams 1 16.
De cette manière, chaque façade assemblée est bloquée en place par les raidisseurs 310 est les poutres horizontales hautes 1 16, et ne peut donc être soulevée du sol. Avantages  In this way, each assembled facade is locked in place by the stiffeners 310 is the high horizontal beams 1 16, and can not be raised from the ground. Advantages
A partir d'un plan de maison, il est alors possible de constituer un kit de réalisation comportant :  From a house plan, it is then possible to build an implementation kit comprising:
des éléments constitutifs de briques 10 en nombre suffisant pour la réalisation des surfaces de façades,  components of bricks 10 in sufficient number for the realization of the facade surfaces,
des briques d'angles 10' dont le nombre est déterminé par les longueurs d'angles totales,  bricks of angles 10 'whose number is determined by the lengths of total angles,
des huisseries,  door frames,
des raidisseurs verticaux 310, dont le nombre est déterminé par la longueur des façade envisagées (en supposant un raidisseur tous les quelques mètres de façade) et par le nombre d'angles de la construction, des éléments constitutifs de modules d'angles 31 1 , 312, selon le nombre d'angles envisagé,  vertical stiffeners 310, the number of which is determined by the length of the facades envisaged (assuming a stiffener every few meters of frontage) and by the number of angles of the construction, the constituent elements of angle modules 31 1, 312, according to the number of angles envisaged,
des éléments constitutifs de poutres horizontales hautes 1 16, 1 16', Une telle construction 100 présente l'avantage de ne pas nécessiter de moyens de fixation supplémentaires entre les deuxièmes poutres (107, 108) et la poutre horizontale haute 1 16, réduisant ainsi considérablement le temps de montage de la structure 102 et donc de la construction 100. La construction 100 présente en outre l'avantage d'avoir une structure 102 non apparente, permettant ainsi de faciliter l'ajout de raidisseurs. components of high horizontal beams 1 16, 1 16 ', Such a construction 100 has the advantage of not requiring additional fastening means between the second beams (107, 108) and the high horizontal beam 1 16, thereby reducing considerably time assembly of the structure 102 and therefore of the construction 100. The construction 100 has the further advantage of having a structure 102 not apparent, thus facilitating the addition of stiffeners.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 - Ensemble d'éléments préfabriqués pour la construction d'un édifice dont le plan est préalablement connu, ledit ensemble comprenant au moins : 1 - Set of prefabricated elements for the construction of a building whose plan is known beforehand, said assembly comprising at least:
- des éléments constitutifs de briques (10) en nombre suffisant pour la réalisation des surfaces de façades,  - constituent elements of bricks (10) in sufficient number for the realization of the facade surfaces,
- des briques d'angles (10') dont le nombre est déterminé par les longueurs d'angles totales,  bricks of angles (10 ') whose number is determined by the lengths of total angles,
- des raidisseurs verticaux (310), dont le nombre est déterminé par la longueur des façades envisagées et par le nombre d'angles de la construction,  vertical stiffeners (310), the number of which is determined by the length of the façades envisaged and by the number of angles of the construction,
- des éléments constitutifs de poutres horizontales hautes (1 16, 1 16'), chaque brique (10) comportant deux éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) disposés de part et d'autre d'un plan vertical XbZb (13), chacun desdits éléments de façade comprenant une plaque interne (14, 15) sensiblement parallèle audit plan vertical XbZb, les plaques internes étant reliées l'une à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une entretoise (31 , 32) sensiblement parallélépipédique comportant, sur deux faces opposées (33, 34), un tenon (35, 36) ou une mortaise disposé(e) selon un axe transversal Yb sensiblement perpendiculaire au plan, lesdit(e)s tenons ou mortaises coopérant chacun(e) avec une mortaise (37, 38) ou un tenon porté(e) par l'une des plaques internes, les tenons ou mortaises de l'au moins une entretoise formant chacun(e) une butée (39, 40) bloquant une translation de la mortaise ou du tenon correspondant(e) de l'une des plaques internes dans une direction opposée à l'au moins une entretoise selon l'axe transversal Yb.  elements constituting high horizontal beams (1 16, 1 16 '), each brick (10) comprising two facing elements (1 1, 12) arranged on either side of a vertical plane XbZb (13), each of said facade elements comprising an inner plate (14, 15) substantially parallel to said vertical plane XbZb, the inner plates being connected to each other via at least one substantially parallelepiped spacer (31, 32) comprising, on two opposite faces (33, 34), a tenon (35, 36) or a mortise disposed along a transverse axis Yb substantially perpendicular to the plane, the said tenons or mortises cooperating each with (e) a mortise (37, 38) or tenon carried by one of the inner plates, the tenons or mortises of the at least one spacer each forming (e) a stop (39, 40) blocking a translation of the mortise or corresponding tenon (e) of one of the inner plates in a direction opposite to the at least one does spacer according to the transverse axis Yb.
2 - Ensemble selon la revendication 1 , dans laquelle les tenons ou mortaises de l'au moins une entretoise forment chacun avec la mortaise ou le tenon correspondant de l'une des plaques internes des éléments de façade un assemblage en queue d'aronde. 3 - Ensemble selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans laquelle l'au moins une entretoise a sensiblement la forme d'une plaque disposée sensiblement perpendiculairement au plan vertical XbZb. 4 - Ensemble selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle chacun des éléments de façade comporte en outre une plaque de parement (16, 17), sensiblement parallèle au plan vertical XbZb, chacune des plaques de l'un des éléments de façade étant de dimensions sensiblement égales avec l'une des plaques de l'autre élément de façade selon un axe longitudinal Xb d'allongement desdites plaques et selon un axe vertical Zb sensiblement perpendiculaire audit axe longitudinal et sensiblement parallèle au plan vertical XbZb, les premières et plaques de parement de chacun des éléments de façade faisant saillie l'une par rapport à l'autre selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et/ou selon l'axe vertical Zb. 2 - assembly of claim 1, wherein the tenons or mortises of the at least one spacer each form with the mortise or the corresponding pin of one of the inner plates of the facade elements a dovetail assembly. 3 - assembly according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the at least one spacer has substantially the shape of a plate disposed substantially perpendicularly to the vertical plane XbZb. 4 - assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the facade elements further comprises a facing plate (16, 17), substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb, each of the plates of one of the facade elements being of substantially equal dimensions with one of the plates of the other facade element along a longitudinal axis Xb of elongation of said plates and along a vertical axis Zb substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis and substantially parallel to the vertical plane XbZb, the first and plates facing each of the facade elements protruding relative to each other along the longitudinal axis Xb and / or along the vertical axis Zb.
5 - Ensemble selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle les premières et plaques de parement des éléments de façade sont de dimensions sensiblement égales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb. 6 - Ensemble selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, dans laquelle : 5 - assembly of claim 4, wherein the first and facing plates of the facade elements are of substantially equal dimensions along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb. 6 - An assembly according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein:
- les premières et plaques de parement de chacun des éléments de façade font saillie l'une par rapport à l'autre dans un même sens selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb;  - The first and facing plates of each of the facade elements protrude relative to each other in the same direction along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb;
- des longueurs (25, 26) maximales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb de l'un des éléments de façade sont sensiblement égales à des longueurs maximales selon l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb de l'autre des éléments de façade ; et,  maximum lengths (25, 26) along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb of one of the facade elements are substantially equal to maximum lengths along the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb of the longitudinal axis Xb; other facade elements; and,
- les éléments de façade sont disposés l'un par rapport à l'autre de sorte que des bords périphériques desdits éléments de façade soient sensiblement alignés selon l'axe transversal Yb. 7 - Ensemble selon la revendication 5 et la revendication 6, dans laquelle une dimension (41 ) selon l'axe vertical Zb de l'au moins une entretoise est sensiblement égale à une dimension selon ledit axe vertical Zb de la plaque interne de chacun des éléments de façade. - The facade elements are arranged relative to each other so that peripheral edges of said facade elements are substantially aligned along the transverse axis Yb. 7 - An assembly according to claim 5 and claim 6, wherein a dimension (41) along the vertical axis Zb of the at least one spacer is substantially equal to a dimension along said vertical axis Zb of the inner plate of each of facade elements.
8 - Construction (100) caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée par utilisation d'un ensemble selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7. 9 - Construction selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle la mortaise ou le tenon de chacune des poutres verticales forment avec le tenon ou la mortaise correspondant(e) de la poutre horizontale haute un assemblage en queue d'aronde. 10 - Construction selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle les éléments de façade (1 1 , 12) et l'au moins une entretoise (31 , 32) de l'au moins une brique forment au moins un évidement (1 17, 1 18) dont des dimensions selon l'axe transversal Yb et l'axe vertical Zb et/ou l'axe longitudinal Xb et l'axe vertical Zb sont sensiblement égales ou supérieures à des dimensions correspondantes des éléments de structure: lisse basse, poutre verticale, poutre horizontale haute, de sorte que les éléments de façade de l'au moins une brique recouvrent le ou les éléments de structure sur et/ou contre le(s)quel(s) l'au moins un brique est disposée. 8 - Construction (100) characterized in that it is carried out using an assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9 - Construction according to claim 8, wherein the mortise or tenon of each of the beams vertical form with the corresponding tenon or mortise (e) of the horizontal beam high a dovetail assembly. 10 - Construction according to claim 9, wherein the front elements (1 1, 12) and the at least one spacer (31, 32) of the at least one brick form at least one recess (1 17, 1 18 ) whose dimensions along the transverse axis Yb and the vertical axis Zb and / or the longitudinal axis Xb and the vertical axis Zb are substantially equal to or greater than the corresponding dimensions of the structural elements: low slab, vertical beam, horizontal beam high, so that the facade elements of the at least one brick cover the structural element or elements on and / or against which (s) the at least one brick is disposed.
PCT/FR2015/053572 2014-12-17 2015-12-17 Set of elements and method for constructing a building WO2016097621A1 (en)

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AT520334A4 (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-03-15 Luxhome Gmbh brick

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FR3111366B1 (en) 2020-06-11 2022-08-05 Audrerie Henri Bertrand Set of elements for the construction of a wall, in particular a building wall

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WO2003102325A2 (en) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-11 Ludwig Junker Sägewerk und Holzhandel GmbH Wooden structural element and kit for erecting building walls by means of wooden structural elements
DE10255717A1 (en) 2002-07-27 2004-02-19 Vinko Miocic Method for wooden construction with improved thermal insulation using modules with inner and outer with low thermally conducting wooden cross braces
WO2010047570A1 (en) * 2008-10-22 2010-04-29 Silins, Janis A double walled wood block and a method for building a wall thereof
EP2455558A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-23 M.Antonio Capraro Prefabricated construction element
FR2992006A1 (en) * 2012-06-13 2013-12-20 Maison Cathar Home Brick for construction of vertical wall in dwelling house, has mortises or tenons, where each mortise or tenon has stop that blocks translation of mortise or tenon corresponding to one of plates in direction opposed to internal elements

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WO2003102325A2 (en) * 2002-06-04 2003-12-11 Ludwig Junker Sägewerk und Holzhandel GmbH Wooden structural element and kit for erecting building walls by means of wooden structural elements
DE10255717A1 (en) 2002-07-27 2004-02-19 Vinko Miocic Method for wooden construction with improved thermal insulation using modules with inner and outer with low thermally conducting wooden cross braces
WO2010047570A1 (en) * 2008-10-22 2010-04-29 Silins, Janis A double walled wood block and a method for building a wall thereof
EP2455558A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2012-05-23 M.Antonio Capraro Prefabricated construction element
FR2992006A1 (en) * 2012-06-13 2013-12-20 Maison Cathar Home Brick for construction of vertical wall in dwelling house, has mortises or tenons, where each mortise or tenon has stop that blocks translation of mortise or tenon corresponding to one of plates in direction opposed to internal elements

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FR3060624A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-22 Albert Azoulay BUILDING ELEMENT, WALL, AND BUILDING USING BUILDING ELEMENT
AT520334A4 (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-03-15 Luxhome Gmbh brick
AT520334B1 (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-03-15 Luxhome Gmbh brick
WO2019051513A1 (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-03-21 Luxhome Gmbh Brick

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BR102015000427A2 (en) 2016-06-21
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