WO2016071747A2 - New insulating connecting element between composite building panels, new matching panels and method for building walls - Google Patents

New insulating connecting element between composite building panels, new matching panels and method for building walls Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016071747A2
WO2016071747A2 PCT/IB2015/002043 IB2015002043W WO2016071747A2 WO 2016071747 A2 WO2016071747 A2 WO 2016071747A2 IB 2015002043 W IB2015002043 W IB 2015002043W WO 2016071747 A2 WO2016071747 A2 WO 2016071747A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panels
core
block
rail
connecting element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/002043
Other languages
French (fr)
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WO2016071747A3 (en
Inventor
Manuel Fuentes
Original Assignee
Eccologis
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Publication date
Application filed by Eccologis filed Critical Eccologis
Publication of WO2016071747A2 publication Critical patent/WO2016071747A2/en
Publication of WO2016071747A3 publication Critical patent/WO2016071747A3/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/185—Connections not covered by E04B1/21 and E04B1/2403, e.g. connections between structural parts of different material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/243—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 one at least of the material being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/74—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge
    • E04B2/7407—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts
    • E04B2/7409—Removable non-load-bearing partitions; Partitions with a free upper edge assembled using frames with infill panels or coverings only; made-up of panels and a support structure incorporating posts special measures for sound or thermal insulation, including fire protection
    • E04B2/7412—Posts or frame members specially adapted for reduced sound or heat transmission
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2002/001—Mechanical features of panels
    • E04C2002/004—Panels with profiled edges, e.g. stepped, serrated

Definitions

  • New insulating connection element between composite panels for the building, new adapted panels and method of building walls is added.
  • the present invention relates to the technical sector of building walls for the building.
  • walls is meant here walls and walls of all types intended for the construction of buildings (“BBC” or “low-energy” buildings), thus buildings with very low energy consumption; Passive housing “, that is to say very low energy consumption per m 2 , even energy neutral), factories, multi-family buildings, gymnasiums, schools, etc.), as well as the roofs and similar structures of these buildings, including -including the floors, terraces, awnings etc .. that is to say any structure formed of adjacent panels to be interconnected by a thermally insulating connecting element.
  • a polyurethane foam panel of generally known type consists of two facings (ie walls or plates side) fiber cement, so placed on each side of a "soul” foam polyurethane (PUR).
  • PUR foam polyurethane
  • a bonding element formed of polyurethane foam, to guarantee optimal insulation conditions
  • This connecting element will be coated with glue to allow fixation.
  • the panels can deform in time, or under a mechanical stress (weight of the frame etc.), and glue attachment does not prevent the formation of a game, obviously very detrimental to thermal insulation (and even phonic, even to the infiltration of humidity, the formation of molds etc ..);
  • the present invention will be described by considering that the panel is placed vertically, that the adjacent panels are “laterally” to the right and to the left, and that the connecting element is arranged vertically between each pair of adjacent panels.
  • panel is meant here, in a completely preferred manner, composite panels which will be described below, but also panels formed in one block with the condition, as will be seen below, they include mortises (60) lateral adapted to nest in the tenons of said connecting element, as will also be seen below.
  • “Lateral” means a workpiece, element or face located at, or directed to, the right or left or, as the case may be, and as shown in the Figures, to TINT or ⁇ , or to the "up” or the bottom ". The skilled person will use his judgment and Figures.
  • the “top” is the upper part, the “bottom” the lower part.
  • the “length” will be a dimension measured in the horizontal direction; the height will be measured in the vertical direction; the thickness will be measured in the transverse direction, therefore perpendicular to the vertical plane in which the panel is located.
  • the wooden upright (100) is vertical, its horizontal dimension will be a "length” even if it is smaller than its "height".
  • INT will designate the interior of the room whose panel forms the wall, and EXT the exterior of the building.
  • EXT or "inside” face will designate a face facing PEXT or outside, and INT or inside, the reverse.
  • insulation means “thermal insulation”.
  • Link element means "between two panels”.
  • the invention resides in a new thermal insulation bonding element between two panels of composite type, ie formed by a core of thermally insulating material covered on its two lateral faces by a plate or "facing" of material providing the mechanical strength and rigidity, said facings forming, by their greater length relative to the core, a mortise on at least the two lateral ends of the panel, characterized in that said connecting element is formed by: a block of thermally material insulation of the same thickness as the core of the panel - stiffened by at least one, preferably two inner uprights (mounted in insert (s)) in said block of material or o Recessed flush with the lateral surfaces EXT and INT of said block of material, o and formed of a material providing rigidity and mechanical strength, the assembly of said element being adapted in geometry and dimensions to form a tenon adapted to nest in the mortise formed by the lateral protuberances of the two facings to form said connection.
  • “Nesting” means that no play is formed between the faces in contact or facing each other, but the friction does not make nesting mortise / mortise impossible or difficult.
  • said panels are characterized in that said facings protrude from the core in both horizontal directions, as above, but also vertically, thereby forming a mortise on both side faces of the panel and on the upper face and possibly on the lower face (or, depending on the orientation, as represented for example in FIG. 4, on the 4 "lateral" faces).
  • a stiffener thermally insulating material such as wood
  • the invention also covers, beyond the connecting elements, the method of assembling two panels, as described above, and the panels adapted to cooperate with said insulating connecting element.
  • FIG. 1 is a view from above of the overall system according to the invention, that is to say two composite panels (1) and (2) assembled by a connecting element according to the invention (100), the panels ( 1) and (2) and the connecting element (100) being vertical, in this example. It can be seen that the tenon (100) is adapted to cooperate perfectly with the mortise (60) formed by the protuberances (61) of the facings.
  • (50) represents the junction between the two panels (1) and (2), which masks the connecting element (100).
  • FIG. 2 shows a section AA of Figure (9), made transversely and in the middle of the connecting element (100), to represent the base (23) of said connecting element and the rail (24), (R) , as well as the cavity (120) for embedding the rail.
  • FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of the general "sandwich" structure of a composite panel that can be used according to the invention, the mortices not being shown.
  • This panel can be either a panel with standard dimensions (that is to say the panel which will be used as common base for the assembly) or a panel "PAIT of angle" (3) with dimensions adapted in "length” (horizontal dimension ) to complete a wall, wall, etc., without exceeding the prescribed length of the wall.
  • FIG. 8 shows two corner PAITs (3): their lengths may be identical or different, depending of course on the frontage ordered.
  • FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of a panel of the type of FIG. 4, having four mortises (60) formed by the protuberances (61) of the facings (10) beyond the insulating core (20). with preforms (70) for chaining.
  • Figure 5 shows a composite panel having an insulating core (20), two rigid side plates (10), which have protuberances (61) (here, on all four sides of the insulating block (20)) forming four mortises (60). and (60A), two of which are “lateral” (60) A necessary for interleaving with the insulating element (100) and two at the top and bottom, (60), optional depending on the case; the mortises will be designated globally in what follows, in the text, by the generic reference (60).
  • Fig. 6 shows the use of the modular panel system employed according to the invention for inserting an opening OUV as a window or other opening in a wall, and using two side panels (1) and (2), or as shown (1) and (3) and two panels (P2) and upper (PI), to the desired dimensions, which are fixed to each other and to the frame of said opening, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, by two elements (100) operating according to the invention by tenon / mortise, with a "chaining" element (CH) positioned above the panels (1) and (3), with embedding chaining between the protuberances (15) of the elements (100) and fixing by "brackets" or “brackets” (FX) metal.
  • CH chaining element
  • the system of the invention avoids making cuts, which is an important advantage (fewer manufacturing steps, less scrap material); (5) and (6) are upright and low uprights, (7) a carpentry lintel, preferably of wood, or insulated reinforced plastic, and (8) a window sill support OUV.
  • FIG. 7 represents the laying (non-limiting example) on a concrete slab (DB) of an insulating core (20) composite panel (1) and rigid plates (10) on a rail (R) fixed to said slab, rail which will be described below, and said panel (1) has in its lower part lateral recesses (34) formed in the core and adapted to allow embedding of the core with the side walls (26) of the rail ( R), the base of the core (20) resting on the base (25) of said rail (the details of the rail will be described below).
  • Figure 8 shows a mounting system in top view.
  • FIG 9 shows a perspective view of the connecting element according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • said element (100) is intended to interlock with two "lateral" panels (1) and (2) (arrows) by the two lateral lugs (200) formed by the. lateral ends of the block (30) of the core of insulating material.
  • Said connecting element (100) comprises two stiffening uprights (40) which are nested in the faces EXT and INT respectively of said block (30), the EXT faces of said uprights (40) flush with the surface EXT and resp. INT of said block (30).
  • the lower part (23) of the said element (100) comprises a recess towards the inside of the block, forming a cavity (120) in which the two lateral faces (here towards PEXT and TINT) of a rail (R), (24) ) fixed to the ground will come fit into the installation of the panels and the element, in order to secure the panels (1) and (2) and the insulating connecting element (100) with the ground. Naturally, this recess runs along the entire horizontal "length" of the INT and EXT faces of said element. Beyond the upper part (21) of said connecting element (100), the two uprights (40) extend upwards in the form of two protuberances (15).
  • FIG. 10 represents a basic or "intermediate” module making it possible to subsequently form the element (100), which consists of the insulating block (30) and two stiffening posts (40), but without the upper protuberances (15). amounts and without the lower recess forming the cavity (120) for receiving the rail (R), (24), which will be carried out subsequently in the manufacture.
  • FIG. 11 represents in perspective and in exploded view the general mode of mounting of two composite panels (1) and (2) (which could be 1 or 2 and 3 of angle), interconnected by an insulating connecting element according to the invention (100), the whole being recessed “down” in the rail R fixed to the ground, and the whole receiving "up” a chainage (CH) preferably made of wood with notches (e), these notches being adapted in shape, position and geometry for receiving the protuberances (15) of said element (100), and the dimensions of the projecting portion (61) of the panels forming the mortises (60) being adapted to cover half of the "height (H) Chaining (CH), so that composite panels of the upper row are embedded, exactly as the panels (1) and (2) but this time by the top and not the bottom, and in the same notches (e) in said chaining (CH).
  • CH chainage
  • Figure 12 shows a perspective angle fitting, partly “transparent” for the clarity of reading of the figure, which comprises two composite panels 3 (outer facing, and PUR core) of angle (which could be panels standard (1), (2) if the dimensions match), in two vertical rows, connected to each other at an angle - by means of a vertical rigid angle post (4), cf. also Figure 8, including wood, glued laminate etc., and - between the two horizontal rows - by a horizontal chain (CH) coming to fit into the mortises (60) of the panels (3) (or (1), ( 2) where appropriate) and between the protuberances (15) of the connecting element (100).
  • Figure 13 is a more detailed view than Figure 7 of the embedding of the type panels (1), (2) or (3) in the rail (R), (24) fixed to the ground: the side walls (26) ) vertical rails of the rail interlock in a "recess" (34) formed in the mass of soul (20) insulating precisely to receive said walls (26), and the lower ends of the rigid facing (10) are also embedded with the rail (R), but from the outside, by sliding on the outer faces (27) of said walls (26), which will be understood without any person skilled in the art.
  • Figure 14 shows a general view of the frame where we find the main elements mentioned above.
  • the invention (reference may be made to the appended Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 in particular) resides in a new connecting element 100 between two panels of composite type (1) and (2), or of type (1). or (2) and composite angle (3), that is to say formed by a core (20) of thermally insulating material covered on its two lateral faces INT and EXT by a plate or "facing" (10) of material providing the resistance mechanical and stiffness, said facings forming, by their greater length relative to the core, a mortise (60) on at least said two lateral ends of the panel, characterized in that said connecting element (100) is formed by: a block (30) of thermally insulating material of the same thickness as the core (20) of the rigidified panel by at least one, preferably two inner uprights (40) o (mounted as an insert (s) in said block of material) or o Recessed flush with the lateral surfaces EXT and INT of said block (30) of insulating material, and o formed of a material providing rigidity and mechanical strength,
  • said connecting element is characterized in that it comprises a block of insulating material (30) of the same thickness as that of the core (20) of said panel, two uprights (40). recessed flush in the faces EXT and INT (the latter not visible) of said block, and in the center of these faces, the length (by convention, horizontal dimension) of said amounts being lower than those of said faces INT and EXT said block, which forms a pin (200) of insulating material to each side face of said element.
  • the two uprights (40) extend upwards, beyond the upper end (21) of said block (30) insulation to form two protuberances (15).
  • the protuberances (15) are adapted in geometry, positioning and dimensions to receive by embedding, between these protuberances, a chaining (CH) disposed between two successive vertical rows of panels.
  • CH chaining
  • the element (100) consists of the insulating block (30) and two stiffening posts (40), but without the upper protuberances (15) of the uprights and without the lower recess forming the cavity (120) for receiving the rail (R), (24).
  • the lower end (22) of the block (30) has a recess (120) inwardly of the block, current over the entire horizontal length of the block (30) and including the upright (40), and this on each face of said block (30), and this recess forms a cavity (23) adapted in geometry and dimensions to be s' embedding between the walls (26) of a rail (R) (or (24)) fixed to the base of the wall, to rest (arrow) on the bottom (26) of the rail, the outside of the wall (26). ) flush with the outer face of said element (100) formed by the outer face of insulating material (30) and the flush face of the upright (40).
  • This recess is to provide a firm and solid attachment to the ground, and therefore a better rigidity to the wall.
  • the amount (40) is preferably a thermally insulating material but able to stiffen said element.
  • the rail (24), (R), must be a material having good mechanical strengths, preferably a metal or alloy such as stainless steel, aluminum, and the like.
  • the amount (40) is preferably made of wood, or rigid and hard plastic material, possibly made of reinforced plastic material.
  • the insulating block (30) is preferably of PUR foam, or other known insulating material.
  • the core (20) of the panels is preferably of PUR foam or other known insulating material.
  • the facings (10) of the panels are preferably a fiber cement sheet or the like material.
  • Chains (CH) and corner posts (4) are made of wood, laminated wood, or possibly reinforced plastic material, and the like, preferably wood or laminated wood.
  • the present invention also covers a method for assembling two single-piece or composite panels, preferably composite, by means of a thermal insulating element, characterized in that a connecting element (100) comprising two pins (200) is used.
  • a connecting element (100) comprising two pins (200) is used.
  • the present invention therefore also relates to the method of assembling two monobloc or composite panels, by means of a thermal insulating element, which is characterized in that:
  • a connecting element (100) is used comprising two lateral lugs (200) of the insulating block (30), and a recess, in its lower part (23), forming a cavity (120) adapted to receive said walls by recessing; lateral (26) as described above,
  • Steps D and E can be performed in the reverse order E, D, or even simultaneously.
  • this fixing is performed at the level of the stiffening post (40), over the entire height, preferably to meet the anti-seismic standards (nailing with a regular interval) and up to and including the level of the protuberance (15), which is fixed to the chaining (CH).
  • the mounting method also comprises a step F of laying a horizontal chaining (CH) in wood or glued laminated adapted in geometry and dimensions for embedding from above between said protuberances (15) of one or more successive elements of connection (100) and in the upper mortises (60) of said composite panels (1), (2) or (3), notches (e) allowing in particular the embedding between the protuberances (15), and the lower face of the chaining resting on the webs of insulating material of PUR type or the like as well panels (1), (2) lower (core (20)) than the connecting element (100) (core (30)), the "height" (dimension in the vertical direction) of the chaining (CH) being such that the upper part of the protuberances and the vertex siding (10) of the lower panels (1), (2) or (3) are at half of said height of the chaining, the unmounted half of said chaining being adapted to receive identically type panels (1) , (2) or (3) and insulating connecting elements (100) of the upper row.
  • CH horizontal chaining
  • the method also includes, except in the case of a non-corner wall, a corner mounting step G) which comprises the use of two composite corner panels (3) with exterior facings and web core.
  • PUR which could be standard panels (1), (2) if the dimensions match, in two vertical rows, connected to each other - at an angle - by a rigid upright post (4) vertical, in particular of wood, glued laminated and - between the two horizontal rows - by a horizontal chaining (CH) coming to fit into the mortises (60) of the panels (3), or (1), (2), and between the protuberances (15) of the connecting element (100).
  • This fixation is carried out by any means such as nails, screws, quarter turn system.
  • This attachment can very possibly be supplemented by glue.
  • the glue comprises, as has been seen, numerous defects, and according to the invention is only a fixation complement which, even if it is irregular, may be useful in certain cases, including to fill small defects which may be found in the contact surfaces panel / connecting element.
  • the mechanical fastening is according to the invention responsible for the strength and durability of the fastener.
  • the glue, or any other adhesive or grouting agent represents only a small additional guarantee quite optional.
  • the rail which constitutes only a means of securing with the ground, is not indispensable provided that another form of securing with the ground is provided, or that no connection with the ground, in certain specific cases is necessary, and in such a case the insulation elements (100) will not include recess and cavity (120), and the panels will not include obviously (400) of the core.
  • said rail is fixed to the ground by mechanical means, nail, screw. All fastening means are possible on the obvious condition of achieving a sufficiently strong and durable attachment for the specific construction envisaged, which will obviously include those skilled in the art.
  • the invention also relates to the panels (1), (2), and angle (3), characterized in that they are adapted by the presence of mortises (60) at least lateral to interlocking in the tenons ( 200) of the web of an insulating connecting element of such panels or, for the corner panel (4), end mortises of the corner panel.
  • Said panels are so-called PAIT composite panels for Thermal Insulating Free-Standing Panel constituted by a core (20) of insulating material whose two opposite lateral faces are each covered by a rigid plate (10).
  • the recess (34) formed in the core (20) of said panel to receive the lateral faces (26) of said rail is formed so that its outer wall is the base of the plates (10) rigid and its other the inner and upper walls are the recessed walls of the core (Fig. 7).
  • the core (20) is made of PUR polyurethane foam.
  • said rigid plates (10) are made of fiber cement and comprise at least two lateral protuberances (61) beyond said core 20, to form said interlocking mortises (60) adapted to cooperate geometrically with said tenons (200) of said connecting element (100).
  • said panels comprise a recess (34) formed in the core (20), able to receive the lateral faces (26) of a fixed rail. on the ground, the base of the core (20) resting on the underside (25) of said rail (R), (24).
  • said panel is in one piece and comprises said mortises (60) and said recess (34).
  • the invention also relates to walls, frames, roofs, floors, terraces and any type of structure that can be formed by using the connecting element according to the invention between two composite panels, all as described above.
  • the invention relates to all applications in any type of building, individual houses ("BBC” or “buildings of low energy consumption” (energetic), “passive housing”, energy neutral housing, factories, multi-family buildings, gymnasiums, schools.
  • BBC building of low energy consumption
  • Passive housing energy neutral housing
  • factories multi-family buildings
  • gymnasiums schools.
  • the invention also covers all equivalent alternative embodiments, variants, options, choice of materials, and all applications that will be directly accessible to the skilled person on reading this application and his own knowledge and his common sense.

Abstract

Two composite panels (1, 2) having a PUR core (20) and rigid facings (10) forming a mortise (60) are assembled by an insulating connecting element (100) comprising an insulating core (30) and two wooden reinforcements (40) which extend upwards, forming two projections (15). An anchorage (CH) is fitted to the top of this assembly, on which an upper row of panels is assembled, and the bottom of the panels and of the elements in the lowest row is fitted to a rail R fastened to the ground. Fast assembly, remarkable thermal insulation, low cost, earthquake-resistant construction.

Description

Nouvel élément de liaison isolant entre panneaux composites pour le bâtiment, nouveaux panneaux adaptés et procédé de construction de parois.  New insulating connection element between composite panels for the building, new adapted panels and method of building walls.
Secteur technique de l'invention : Technical sector of the invention:
La présente invention concerne le secteur technique des constructions de parois pour le bâtiment. Par « parois », on désigne ici les murs et parois de tous types destinés à la construction de bâtiments (maisons individuelles « BBC » ou « bâtiments de basse consommation » (énergétique), donc des constructions à très faible consommation d'énergie ; « Habitat passif », c'est-à-dire à très basse consommation énergétique au m2, voire neutre énergétiquement), usines, immeubles collectifs, gymnases, écoles, etc.), ainsi que les toits et structures analogues de ces bâtiments, y-compris les sols, terrasses, auvents etc.. c'est-à-dire toute structure formée de panneaux adjacents devant être reliés entre eux par un élément de liaison isolant thermiquement. The present invention relates to the technical sector of building walls for the building. By "walls" is meant here walls and walls of all types intended for the construction of buildings ("BBC" or "low-energy" buildings), thus buildings with very low energy consumption; Passive housing ", that is to say very low energy consumption per m 2 , even energy neutral), factories, multi-family buildings, gymnasiums, schools, etc.), as well as the roofs and similar structures of these buildings, including -including the floors, terraces, awnings etc .. that is to say any structure formed of adjacent panels to be interconnected by a thermally insulating connecting element.
Art antérieur : Avec l'entrée en vigueur des nouvelles normes (RT 2012) et les futures à prévoir (RT2020), de nouveaux matériaux sont maintenant utilisés pour permettre un gain énergétique et thermique, comme par exemple le béton cellulaire, ou les panneaux de mousse polyuréthane. II existe une vive compétition entre les acteurs de ce domaine technologique. PRIOR ART: With the entry into force of the new standards (RT 2012) and the future to be expected (RT2020), new materials are now used to allow energy and thermal gain, for example cellular concrete, or solar panels. polyurethan foam. There is intense competition between the players in this technological field.
Un panneau de mousse polyuréthane de type globalement connu se compose de deux parements (c'est-à-dire parois ou plaques latérales) en fibrociment, donc placés de chaque coté d'une « âme » en mousse en polyuréthane (PUR). A polyurethane foam panel of generally known type consists of two facings (ie walls or plates side) fiber cement, so placed on each side of a "soul" foam polyurethane (PUR).
Pour fixer ces panneaux les uns aux autres, on utilise jusqu'alors principalement des colles, notamment époxy. Selon une technique possible, on colle un élément de liaison (formé en mousse de polyuréthane, pour garantir les conditions d'isolation optimale) entre deux panneaux au niveau de l'espace créé par, par exemple, le fait que les parements sont légèrement saillants au delà de l'âme en mousse de PUR. Cet élément de liaison sera enduit de colle pour permettre la fixation. To fix these panels to each other, hitherto mainly glues, including epoxy. According to one possible technique, a bonding element (formed of polyurethane foam, to guarantee optimal insulation conditions) is bonded between two panels at the level of the space created by, for example, the fact that the facings are slightly salient. beyond the foam core of PUR. This connecting element will be coated with glue to allow fixation.
L'inconvénient de cette technique est que la fixation par colle pose de nombreux problèmes : The disadvantage of this technique is that glue fixing poses many problems:
- la fixation se détériore avec le temps ; - the fixation deteriorates with time;
- elle est complexe à mettre en place. En effet, pour être efficace la colle doit être appliquée à un taux d'humidité très faible ; - it is complex to put in place. Indeed, to be effective the glue must be applied at a very low humidity;
- les panneaux peuvent se déformer dans le temps, ou sous une contrainte mécanique (poids de la charpente etc.), et la fixation par colle ne permet pas d'empêcher que se forme ainsi un jeu, évidemment très préjudiciable à l'isolation thermique (et même phonique, voire à l'infiltration d'humidité, la formation de moisissures etc..) ; - The panels can deform in time, or under a mechanical stress (weight of the frame etc.), and glue attachment does not prevent the formation of a game, obviously very detrimental to thermal insulation (and even phonic, even to the infiltration of humidity, the formation of molds etc ..);
- il n'existera aucune garantie que la colle soit répartie de manière homogène sur l'ensemble de la mousse . Notamment, lors de l'assemblage panneaux / élément de liaison, il peut se former des surplus de colle à certains endroits ou des défauts de colles à d'autres. Les conditions optimales de rigidité de l'assemblage ne sont donc pas réunies, et ce défaut éventuel mais fréquent est de plus invisible. Problème technique posé : - There will be no guarantee that the glue is distributed evenly over the entire foam. In particular, when assembling panels / connecting element, it may form surplus glue in some places or glue defects to others. The optimal conditions of rigidity of the assembly are not met, and this possible but frequent defect is more invisible. Technical problem posed:
Il existe donc un réel besoin de mettre au point un procédé de fabrication de parois permettant de répondre à toutes les normes actuelles et d'anticiper au mieux les futures normes, tout en permettant d'être facilement mis en œuvre, et de manière économique, avec une garantie de reproductibilité de la qualité de l'assemblage, et de très bonne ou excellente tenue dans le temps. There is therefore a real need to develop a method of manufacturing walls to meet all current standards and anticipate best future standards, while allowing to be easily implemented, and economically, with a guarantee of reproducibility of the quality of the assembly, and of very good or excellent behavior in time.
Résumé de l'invention ; Définitions ; Conventions A Introduction : Summary of the invention; Definitions; Conventions A Introduction:
Par convention, on décrira la présente invention en considérant que le panneau est placé verticalement, que les panneaux adjacents sont « latéralement » à droite et à gauche, et que l'élément de liaison est disposé verticalement entre chaque couple de panneaux adjacents. By convention, the present invention will be described by considering that the panel is placed vertically, that the adjacent panels are "laterally" to the right and to the left, and that the connecting element is arranged vertically between each pair of adjacent panels.
Par « panneau » on désigne ici, de manière totalement préférée, des panneaux composites qui seront décrits ci-dessous, mais aussi des panneaux formés en un seul bloc à la condition, comme on le verra ci-dessous, qu'ils comportent des mortaises (60) latérales aptes à s'imbriquer dans les tenons dudit élément de liaison, comme on le verra également ci-dessous. By "panel" is meant here, in a completely preferred manner, composite panels which will be described below, but also panels formed in one block with the condition, as will be seen below, they include mortises (60) lateral adapted to nest in the tenons of said connecting element, as will also be seen below.
« Latéral » désigne une pièce, un élément ou une face se situant à, ou dirigé vers, la droite ou la gauche ou, selon le cas, et comme visible sur les Figures, vers TINT ou ΙΈΧΤ, ou vers le « haut » ou le « bas ». L'homme de métier utilisera son jugement et Les Figures. "Lateral" means a workpiece, element or face located at, or directed to, the right or left or, as the case may be, and as shown in the Figures, to TINT or ΙΈΧΤ, or to the "up" or the bottom ". The skilled person will use his judgment and Figures.
Le « haut » est la partie supérieure, le « bas » la partie inférieure. La « longueur » sera une dimension mesurée dans le sens horizontal ; la hauteur sera mesurée dans le sens vertical ; l'épaisseur sera mesurée dans le sens transversal, donc perpendiculaire au plan vertical dans lequel se situe le panneau. Notamment, on verra que, sur la Figure 9, et comme le montant en bois (100) est vertical, sa dimension horizontale sera une « longueur » même si elle est plus faible que sa « hauteur ». The "top" is the upper part, the "bottom" the lower part. The "length" will be a dimension measured in the horizontal direction; the height will be measured in the vertical direction; the thickness will be measured in the transverse direction, therefore perpendicular to the vertical plane in which the panel is located. In particular, it will be seen that, in Figure 9, and as the wooden upright (100) is vertical, its horizontal dimension will be a "length" even if it is smaller than its "height".
Le caractère « supérieur » ou au contraire « inférieur » sera apprécié selon la direction verticale, de haut en bas. L'âme sera à « l'intérieur » du panneau, et les parements à « l'extérieur ». The "superior" or "lower" character will be appreciated in the vertical direction, from top to bottom. The soul will be "inside" the panel, and the siding "outside".
Si nécessaire, INT désignera l'intérieur de la pièce dont le panneau forme la paroi, et EXT l'extérieur du bâtiment. If necessary, INT will designate the interior of the room whose panel forms the wall, and EXT the exterior of the building.
Une face « EXT ou intérieure » désignera une face tournée vers PEXT ou l'extérieur, et INT ou intérieur, l'inverse. An "EXT" or "inside" face will designate a face facing PEXT or outside, and INT or inside, the reverse.
« Supérieur » désignera ce qui est en haut, ou fait face au haut, et « inférieur », l'inverse. "Superior" will designate what is above, or faces up, and "inferior," the opposite.
Dans la présente demande, « isolant » signifie « isolant thermique ». « Elément de liaison » signifie « entre deux panneaux ». In the present application, "insulation" means "thermal insulation". "Link element" means "between two panels".
La description de telles géométries est complexe, si l'on veut respecter le critère de « clarté », et il est possible que la liste ci- dessus ne soit pas exhaustive ; toutefois, suffisamment de définitions et d'orientations ont été données pour que, si une définition manque, l'homme de métier soit capable de la comprendre sans aucune difficulté, à l'aide de ses connaissances générales et des Figures et même tout lecteur à l'aide de son simple bon sens. The description of such geometries is complex, in order to meet the "clarity" criterion, and it is possible that the above list is not exhaustive; however, enough definitions and guidance have been given so that if a definition is missing, the skilled person will be able to understand it without any difficulty, using his knowledge General and Figures and even any reader using his simple common sense.
Toutes les conventions ci-dessus sont valables sauf indication ou précision contraire. II sera indiqué plus loin que ledit système global peut être disposé horizontalement, par exemple pour encadrer une ouverture comme une porte ou fenêtre, mais la transposition entre la disposition verticale adoptée ici par convention, et la disposition horizontale, sera évidente pour l'homme de métier, et lui sera très facilement accessible. Ceci sera également valable pour effectuer une transposition visant à former un toit, voire un bardage sur la face EXT d'un mur existant non isolé (isolation thermique par l'extérieur). All the above conventions are valid unless otherwise stated or stated. It will be indicated later that said overall system may be arranged horizontally, for example to frame an opening such as a door or window, but the transposition between the vertical arrangement adopted here by convention, and the horizontal arrangement, will be obvious to the man of profession, and he will be very easily accessible. This will also be valid for transposition to form a roof or cladding on the EXT face of an existing uninsulated wall (thermal insulation from the outside).
B Description générale de l'invention : B General description of the invention
L'invention réside en un nouvel élément de liaison formant isolant thermique entre deux panneaux de type composite, c'est à dire formés par une âme en matériau thermiquement isolant recouverte sur ses deux faces latérales par une plaque ou « parement » de matériau apportant la résistance mécanique et la rigidité, lesdits parements formant, par leur longueur supérieure par rapport à l'âme, une mortaise sur au moins les deux extrémités latérales du panneau, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de liaison est formé par : un bloc en matériau thermiquement isolant de même épaisseur que l'âme du panneau - rigidifié par au moins un, de préférence deux montants o intérieurs (montés en insert(s)) dans ledit bloc de matériau ou o encastrés avec affleurement dans les surfaces latérales EXT et INT dudit bloc de matériau, o et formés en un matériau apportant la rigidité et la résistance mécanique, l'ensemble dudit élément étant adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour former un tenon apte à s'imbriquer dans la mortaise formée par les protubérances latérales des deux parements pour former ladite liaison. The invention resides in a new thermal insulation bonding element between two panels of composite type, ie formed by a core of thermally insulating material covered on its two lateral faces by a plate or "facing" of material providing the mechanical strength and rigidity, said facings forming, by their greater length relative to the core, a mortise on at least the two lateral ends of the panel, characterized in that said connecting element is formed by: a block of thermally material insulation of the same thickness as the core of the panel - stiffened by at least one, preferably two inner uprights (mounted in insert (s)) in said block of material or o Recessed flush with the lateral surfaces EXT and INT of said block of material, o and formed of a material providing rigidity and mechanical strength, the assembly of said element being adapted in geometry and dimensions to form a tenon adapted to nest in the mortise formed by the lateral protuberances of the two facings to form said connection.
« S'imbriquer » signifie qu'aucun jeu n'est ménagé entre les faces en contact ou en regard les unes des autres, sans que toutefois le frottement rende l'imbrication tenon/mortaise impossible ou difficile. "Nesting" means that no play is formed between the faces in contact or facing each other, but the friction does not make nesting mortise / mortise impossible or difficult.
Cette définition est également valable, mutatis mutandis, pour P « encastrement » de la base dudit élément de liaison dans le rail fixé au sol. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, lesdits panneaux sont caractérisés en ce que lesdits parements dépassent de l'âme dans les deux directions horizontale, cas ci-dessus, mais aussi verticale, formant ainsi une mortaise sur les deux faces latérales du panneau et sur la face supérieure et éventuellement sur la face inférieure (ou bien, selon l'orientation, comme représenté par exemple sur la Figure 4, sur les 4 faces « latérales »). This definition is also valid, mutatis mutandis, for "embedding" of the base of said connecting element in the rail fixed to the ground. According to one embodiment of the invention, said panels are characterized in that said facings protrude from the core in both horizontal directions, as above, but also vertically, thereby forming a mortise on both side faces of the panel and on the upper face and possibly on the lower face (or, depending on the orientation, as represented for example in FIG. 4, on the 4 "lateral" faces).
On pourra désigner ceci dans ce qui suit, et notamment dans les revendications, par clarté, par « deux » ou « quatre » faces « latérales ». L'homme de métier aura les orientations à l'esprit. Cette option est préférée car elle permet de superposer des panneaux les uns au dessus des autres, verticalement et horizontalement, avec emploi « horizontal » desdits éléments de liaison pour assembler deux panneaux dans le sens vertical, lesdits éléments étant adaptés géométriquement et en dimensions pour coopérer avec les extrémités supérieures des éléments de liaison latéraux, verticaux. This can be referred to in the following, and in particular in the claims, by clarity, by "two" or "four""lateral" faces. The skilled person will have the guidelines in mind. This option is preferred because it makes it possible to superimpose panels one above the other, vertically and horizontally, with "horizontal" use of said connecting elements to assemble two panels in the vertical direction, said elements being geometrically and dimensionally adapted to cooperate with the upper ends of the lateral, vertical connecting elements.
On pourra aussi assembler deux panneaux superposés verticalement par un raidisseur en matériau isolant thermiquement, comme le bois, adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour coopérer avec la mortaise horizontale supérieure du panneau inférieur et la mortaise horizontale inférieure du panneau supérieur. We can also assemble two panels vertically stacked by a stiffener thermally insulating material, such as wood, adapted in geometry and dimensions to cooperate with the upper horizontal mortise of the lower panel and the lower horizontal mortise of the upper panel.
L'invention couvre également, au delà des éléments de liaison, le procédé d'assemblage de deux panneaux, comme décrit ci-dessus, ainsi que les panneaux adaptés pour coopérer avec ledit élément de liaison isolant. The invention also covers, beyond the connecting elements, the method of assembling two panels, as described above, and the panels adapted to cooperate with said insulating connecting element.
Description générale de l'invention ; Figures annexées. La Figure 1 est une vue de dessus du système global selon l'invention, c'est-à-dire deux panneaux composites (1) et (2) assemblés par un élément de liaison selon l'invention (100), les panneaux (1) et (2) et l'élément de liaison (100) étant verticaux, dans cet exemple. On voit que le tenon (100) est adapté pour coopérer parfaitement avec la mortaise (60) formée par les protubérances (61) des parements. General description of the invention; Attached figures. FIG. 1 is a view from above of the overall system according to the invention, that is to say two composite panels (1) and (2) assembled by a connecting element according to the invention (100), the panels ( 1) and (2) and the connecting element (100) being vertical, in this example. It can be seen that the tenon (100) is adapted to cooperate perfectly with the mortise (60) formed by the protuberances (61) of the facings.
(50) représente la jonction entre les deux panneaux (1) et (2), qui masque l'élément de liaison (100). (50) represents the junction between the two panels (1) and (2), which masks the connecting element (100).
La Figure 2 représente une coupe A-A de la figure (9), effectuée transversalement et au milieu de l'élément de liaison (100), pour représenter la base (23) dudit élément de liaison et le rail (24), (R), ainsi que la cavité (120) d'encastrement du rail. La Figure 3 annexée représente une vue en perspective la structure « sandwich » générale d'un panneau composite utilisable selon l'invention, les mortaises n'étant pas représentées. Ce panneau peut être soit un panneau aux dimensions standard (c'est-à-dire le panneau qui servira de base commune au montage) ou un panneau « PAIT d'angle » (3) aux dimensions adaptées en « longueur » (dimension horizontale) pour terminer un mur, paroi etc.... sans dépasser la longueur prescrite du mur. On a représenté sur la figure 8 deux PAIT d'angle (3) : leurs longueurs peuvent être identiques ou bien différentes, selon naturellement la façade commandée. Figure 2 shows a section AA of Figure (9), made transversely and in the middle of the connecting element (100), to represent the base (23) of said connecting element and the rail (24), (R) , as well as the cavity (120) for embedding the rail. The attached FIG. 3 represents a perspective view of the general "sandwich" structure of a composite panel that can be used according to the invention, the mortices not being shown. This panel can be either a panel with standard dimensions (that is to say the panel which will be used as common base for the assembly) or a panel "PAIT of angle" (3) with dimensions adapted in "length" (horizontal dimension ) to complete a wall, wall, etc., without exceeding the prescribed length of the wall. FIG. 8 shows two corner PAITs (3): their lengths may be identical or different, depending of course on the frontage ordered.
La Figure 4 annexée représente une vue en perspective d'un panneau du type de la Figure 4, présentant quatre mortaises (60) formée par les protubérances (61) des parements (10) au-delà de l'âme isolante (20), avec des préformes (70) pour effectuer le chaînage. The appended FIG. 4 represents a perspective view of a panel of the type of FIG. 4, having four mortises (60) formed by the protuberances (61) of the facings (10) beyond the insulating core (20). with preforms (70) for chaining.
La Figure 5 représente un panneau composite comportant une âme isolante (20), deux plaques latérales (10) rigides, qui présentent des protubérances (61) (ici, sur les quatre côtés du bloc isolant (20)) formant quatre mortaises (60) et (60A) dont deux « latérales » (60) A indispensables pour l'imbrication avec l'élément isolant (100) et deux en haut et bas, (60), facultatives selon les cas ; les mortaises seront désignées globalement dans ce qui suit, dans le texte, par la référence générique (60). Figure 5 shows a composite panel having an insulating core (20), two rigid side plates (10), which have protuberances (61) (here, on all four sides of the insulating block (20)) forming four mortises (60). and (60A), two of which are "lateral" (60) A necessary for interleaving with the insulating element (100) and two at the top and bottom, (60), optional depending on the case; the mortises will be designated globally in what follows, in the text, by the generic reference (60).
La Figure 6 représente l'emploi du système de panneaux modulaires employé selon l'invention pour insérer une ouverture OUV comme une fenêtre ou autre ouverture, dans une paroi, et on emploie deux panneaux latéraux (1) et (2), ou comme représenté (1) et (3) ainsi que deux panneaux (P2) supérieur et (PI) inférieur, aux dimensions voulues, qui sont fixés entre eux et au châssis de ladite ouverture, comme le comprendra aisément l'homme de métier, par deux éléments (100) fonctionnant selon l'invention par tenon/mortaise, avec un élément de type « chaînage » (CH) positionné au dessus des panneaux (1) et (3), avec encastrement du chaînage entre les protubérances (15) des éléments (100) et fixation par des « pattes » ou « équerres de fixation » (FX) métalliques. On voit que le système de l'invention évite de réaliser des découpes, ce qui est un avantage important (moins d'étapes de fabrication, moins de rebuts de matière) ; (5) et (6) sont des montants haut et bas, (7) un linteau de menuiserie, de préférence en bois, ou en plastique armé isolant, et (8) un support bois d'appui de fenêtre OUV. Fig. 6 shows the use of the modular panel system employed according to the invention for inserting an opening OUV as a window or other opening in a wall, and using two side panels (1) and (2), or as shown (1) and (3) and two panels (P2) and upper (PI), to the desired dimensions, which are fixed to each other and to the frame of said opening, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art, by two elements (100) operating according to the invention by tenon / mortise, with a "chaining" element (CH) positioned above the panels (1) and (3), with embedding chaining between the protuberances (15) of the elements (100) and fixing by "brackets" or "brackets" (FX) metal. We see that the system of the invention avoids making cuts, which is an important advantage (fewer manufacturing steps, less scrap material); (5) and (6) are upright and low uprights, (7) a carpentry lintel, preferably of wood, or insulated reinforced plastic, and (8) a window sill support OUV.
On note le rail (R), (24) fixé au sol. La Figure 7 représente la pose (exemple non limitatif) sur une dalle béton (DB) d'un panneau (1) composite en âme (20) isolante et plaques rigides (10) sur un rail (R) fixé à ladite dalle, rail qui sera décrit ci-dessous, et ledit panneau (1) comporte à sa partie inférieure des évidements latéraux (34) ménagés dans l'âme et adaptés pour permettre l'encastrement de l'âme avec les parois latérales (26) du rail (R), la base de l'âme (20) reposant sur la base (25) dudit rail (les détails du rail seront décrits ci-dessous). We note the rail (R), (24) attached to the ground. FIG. 7 represents the laying (non-limiting example) on a concrete slab (DB) of an insulating core (20) composite panel (1) and rigid plates (10) on a rail (R) fixed to said slab, rail which will be described below, and said panel (1) has in its lower part lateral recesses (34) formed in the core and adapted to allow embedding of the core with the side walls (26) of the rail ( R), the base of the core (20) resting on the base (25) of said rail (the details of the rail will be described below).
La Figure 8 représente un système de montage en vue de dessus. Figure 8 shows a mounting system in top view.
La Figure 9 représente une vue en perspective de l'élément de liaison selon le mode préféré de réalisation selon l'invention. Comme on le verra également ci-dessous, ledit élément (100) est destiné à s'imbriquer avec deux panneaux « latéraux » (1) et (2) (flèches) par les deux tenons latéraux (200) formés par les. extrémités latérales du bloc (30) de l'âme en matériau isolant. Ledit élément de liaison (100) comporte deux montant de rigidification (40) qui sont imbriqués dans les faces EXT et respectivement INT dudit bloc (30), les faces EXT desdits montants (40) affleurant avec la surface EXT et resp. INT dudit bloc (30). La partie inférieure (23) dudit élément (100) comporte un décrochement vers l'intérieur du bloc, formant une cavité (120) dans laquelle les deux faces latérales (ici vers PEXT et TINT) d'un rail (R), (24) fixé au sol vont venir s'encastrer à la pose des panneaux et de l'élément, afin de solidariser les panneaux (1) et (2) et l'élément de liaison isolant (100) avec le sol. Naturellement ce décrochement court sur toute la « longueur » horizontale des faces INT et EXT dudit élément. Au- delà de la partie supérieure (21) dudit élément de liaison (100), les deux montants (40) se prolongent vers le haut sous forme de deux protubérances (15). Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the connecting element according to the preferred embodiment of the invention. As will also be seen below, said element (100) is intended to interlock with two "lateral" panels (1) and (2) (arrows) by the two lateral lugs (200) formed by the. lateral ends of the block (30) of the core of insulating material. Said connecting element (100) comprises two stiffening uprights (40) which are nested in the faces EXT and INT respectively of said block (30), the EXT faces of said uprights (40) flush with the surface EXT and resp. INT of said block (30). The lower part (23) of the said element (100) comprises a recess towards the inside of the block, forming a cavity (120) in which the two lateral faces (here towards PEXT and TINT) of a rail (R), (24) ) fixed to the ground will come fit into the installation of the panels and the element, in order to secure the panels (1) and (2) and the insulating connecting element (100) with the ground. Naturally, this recess runs along the entire horizontal "length" of the INT and EXT faces of said element. Beyond the upper part (21) of said connecting element (100), the two uprights (40) extend upwards in the form of two protuberances (15).
La Figure 10 représente un module de base ou « intermédiaire » permettant de former ensuite l'élément (100), qui se compose du bloc isolant (30) et de deux montants (40) de rigidification, mais sans les protubérances (15) supérieures des montants et sans le décrochement inférieur formant la cavité (120) destinée à recevoir le rail (R), (24), qui seront réalisés ensuite dans la fabrication. FIG. 10 represents a basic or "intermediate" module making it possible to subsequently form the element (100), which consists of the insulating block (30) and two stiffening posts (40), but without the upper protuberances (15). amounts and without the lower recess forming the cavity (120) for receiving the rail (R), (24), which will be carried out subsequently in the manufacture.
La Figure 11 représente en perspective et en vue éclatée le mode général de montage de deux panneaux composites (1) et (2) (qui pourraient être 1 ou 2 et 3 d'angle), reliés entre eux par un élément de liaison isolant selon l'invention (100), le tout étant encastré en « bas » dans le rail R fixé au sol, et le tout recevant en « haut » un chaînage (CH) de préférence en bois comportant des encoches (e), ces encoches étant adaptées en forme, position et géométrie pour recevoir les protubérances (15) dudit élément (100), et les dimensions de la partie saillante (61) du parement des panneaux formant les mortaises (60) étant adaptées pour recouvrir la moitié de la « hauteur » (h) du chaînage (CH), de sorte que des panneaux composites de la rangée supérieure viennent s'encastrer, exactement comme lés panneaux (1) et (2) mais cette fois par le haut et non par le bas, et dans les mêmes encoches (e), dans ledit chaînage (CH). FIG. 11 represents in perspective and in exploded view the general mode of mounting of two composite panels (1) and (2) (which could be 1 or 2 and 3 of angle), interconnected by an insulating connecting element according to the invention (100), the whole being recessed "down" in the rail R fixed to the ground, and the whole receiving "up" a chainage (CH) preferably made of wood with notches (e), these notches being adapted in shape, position and geometry for receiving the protuberances (15) of said element (100), and the dimensions of the projecting portion (61) of the panels forming the mortises (60) being adapted to cover half of the "height (H) Chaining (CH), so that composite panels of the upper row are embedded, exactly as the panels (1) and (2) but this time by the top and not the bottom, and in the same notches (e) in said chaining (CH).
La Figure 12 représente un montage d'angle en perspective, en partie « transparent » pour la clarté de lecture de la figure, qui comprend deux panneaux composites 3 (parements extérieurs, et âme en PUR) d'angle (qui pourraient être des panneaux standard (1), (2) si les dimensions concordent), sur deux rangées verticales, reliés entre eux en angle - par un montant d'angle rigide (4) vertical, cf. également Figure 8, notamment en bois, lamellé collé etc., et - entre les deux rangées horizontales - par un chaînage (CH) horizontal venant s'encastrer dans les mortaises (60) des panneaux (3) (ou (1), (2) le cas échéant) et entre les protubérances (15) de l'élément de liaison (100). Figure 12 shows a perspective angle fitting, partly "transparent" for the clarity of reading of the figure, which comprises two composite panels 3 (outer facing, and PUR core) of angle (which could be panels standard (1), (2) if the dimensions match), in two vertical rows, connected to each other at an angle - by means of a vertical rigid angle post (4), cf. also Figure 8, including wood, glued laminate etc., and - between the two horizontal rows - by a horizontal chain (CH) coming to fit into the mortises (60) of the panels (3) (or (1), ( 2) where appropriate) and between the protuberances (15) of the connecting element (100).
La Figure 13 est une vue plus détaillée que la Figure 7 de l'encastrement des panneaux de type (1), (2) ou (3) dans le rail (R), (24) fixé au sol : les parois latérales (26) verticales du rail s'imbriquent dans un « évidement » (34) ménagé dans la masse d'âme (20) isolante précisément pour recevoir lesdites parois (26), et les extrémités inférieures des parements (10) rigides s'encastrent également avec le rail (R), mais par l'extérieur, en coulissant sur les faces externes (27) desdites parois (26), ce que comprendra sans plus tout homme de métier. Figure 13 is a more detailed view than Figure 7 of the embedding of the type panels (1), (2) or (3) in the rail (R), (24) fixed to the ground: the side walls (26) ) vertical rails of the rail interlock in a "recess" (34) formed in the mass of soul (20) insulating precisely to receive said walls (26), and the lower ends of the rigid facing (10) are also embedded with the rail (R), but from the outside, by sliding on the outer faces (27) of said walls (26), which will be understood without any person skilled in the art.
On peut prévoir un biseau au bas de la face extérieure desdits parements, pour faciliter l'encastrement dans le rail. One can provide a bevel at the bottom of the outer face of said facings, to facilitate installation in the rail.
De préférence, dans un tel cas, ceci laisse un évidement (41) qu'il est préférable de combler en enduisant l'intérieur du rail d'un matériau de type connu « silicone résilient » qui assurera l'étanchéïté tout en conservant sa souplesse dans le temps. Preferably, in such a case, this leaves a recess (41) that it is preferable to fill by coating the inside of the rail with a known type of material "resilient silicone" which will ensure sealing while maintaining its flexibility in time.
La Figure 14 représente une vue générale de l'ossature où l'on retrouve les éléments principaux mentionnés ci-dessus. Figure 14 shows a general view of the frame where we find the main elements mentioned above.
Description détaillée de l'invention : Detailed description of the invention
L'invention (on pourra se référer aux Figures annexées 1, 2, 3, 4 et 9 notamment) réside en un nouvel élément de liaison 100 entre deux panneaux de type composite (1) et (2), ou de type (1) ou (2) et composite d'angle (3), c'est-à-dire formés par une âme (20) en matériau thermiquement isolant recouverte sur ses deux faces latérales INT et EXT par une plaque ou « parement » (10) de matériau apportant la résistance mécanique et la rigidité, lesdits parements formant, par leur longueur supérieure par rapport à l'âme, une mortaise (60) sur au moins lesdites deux extrémités latérales du panneau, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de liaison (100) est formé par : un bloc (30) en matériau thermiquement isolant de même épaisseur que l'âme (20) du panneau rigidifié par au moins un, de préférence deux montants (40) o intérieurs (montés en insert(s) dans ledit bloc de matériau) ou o encastrés avec affleurement dans les surfaces latérales EXT et INT dudit bloc (30) de matériau isolant , et o formés en un matériau apportant la rigidité et la résistance mécanique, l'ensemble dudit élément étant adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour former un tenon (200) apte à s'imbriquer parfaitement dans la mortaise (60) formée par les protubérances latérales (61) des deux parements du panneau, au delà de l'âme (20). The invention (reference may be made to the appended Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 in particular) resides in a new connecting element 100 between two panels of composite type (1) and (2), or of type (1). or (2) and composite angle (3), that is to say formed by a core (20) of thermally insulating material covered on its two lateral faces INT and EXT by a plate or "facing" (10) of material providing the resistance mechanical and stiffness, said facings forming, by their greater length relative to the core, a mortise (60) on at least said two lateral ends of the panel, characterized in that said connecting element (100) is formed by: a block (30) of thermally insulating material of the same thickness as the core (20) of the rigidified panel by at least one, preferably two inner uprights (40) o (mounted as an insert (s) in said block of material) or o Recessed flush with the lateral surfaces EXT and INT of said block (30) of insulating material, and o formed of a material providing rigidity and mechanical strength, the assembly of said element being adapted in geometry and dimensions to form a tenon (200) adapted to fit perfectly into the mortise (60) formed by the lateral protuberances (61) of the two facings of the panel, beyond the core (20).
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, Figure 9, ledit élément de liaison est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un bloc de matériau isolant (30) de même épaisseur que celle de l'âme (20) dudit panneau, deux montants (40) encastrés avec affleurement dans les faces EXT et INT (cette dernière non visible) dudit bloc, et au centre de ces faces, la longueur (par convention, dimension horizontale) desdits montants étant plus faible que celles desdites faces INT et EXT dudit bloc, ce qui forme un tenon (200) de matériau isolant à chaque face latérale dudit élément. According to a preferred embodiment, FIG. 9, said connecting element is characterized in that it comprises a block of insulating material (30) of the same thickness as that of the core (20) of said panel, two uprights (40). recessed flush in the faces EXT and INT (the latter not visible) of said block, and in the center of these faces, the length (by convention, horizontal dimension) of said amounts being lower than those of said faces INT and EXT said block, which forms a pin (200) of insulating material to each side face of said element.
Ces tenons (200) permettent aux panneaux (1) et (2) adjacents (flèches) de venir s'encastrer ou « s'imbriquer » dans ledit élément de liaison, via leurs mortaises latérales (60). These tenons (200) allow the panels (1) and (2) adjacent (arrows) to be embedded or "nest" in said connecting element, via their side mortises (60).
Selon une variante préférée, les deux montants (40) se prolongent vers le haut, au delà de l'extrémité supérieure (21) dudit bloc (30) isolant pour former deux protubérances (15). According to a preferred variant, the two uprights (40) extend upwards, beyond the upper end (21) of said block (30) insulation to form two protuberances (15).
Les protubérances (15) sont adaptées en géométrie, positionnement et dimensions pour recevoir par encastrement, entre ces protubérances, un chaînage (CH) disposé entre deux rangées verticales successives de panneaux. The protuberances (15) are adapted in geometry, positioning and dimensions to receive by embedding, between these protuberances, a chaining (CH) disposed between two successive vertical rows of panels.
Selon encore une option, représentée sur la Figure 10, l'élément (100) se compose du bloc isolant (30) et de deux montants (40) de rigidification, mais sans les protubérances (15) supérieures des montants et sans le décrochement inférieur formant la cavité (120) destinée à recevoir le rail (R), (24). According to another option, represented in FIG. 10, the element (100) consists of the insulating block (30) and two stiffening posts (40), but without the upper protuberances (15) of the uprights and without the lower recess forming the cavity (120) for receiving the rail (R), (24).
Ceci est un produit brut de fabrication ou produit « intermédiaire » qui sera ensuite usiné pour faire apparaître lesdits montants et ledit décrochement, pour former l'élément isolant (100) selon l'invention, de la Figure 9, ou toute autre adaptation géométrique rendue nécessaire pour s'adapter à un cas spécifique, dont les évidements (34) en bas de panneau. L'intérêt de la Figure 10 est également de bien montrer ledit affleurement (300) des montants de rigidification (40) avec les faces EXT et INT du bloc (30) en matériau isolant dans lequel les deux montants (40) sont encastrés, ainsi que de bien visualiser les deux tenons « latéraux » (200). This is a raw product of manufacture or "intermediate" product which will then be machined to reveal said amounts and said recess, to form the insulating element (100) according to the invention, of Figure 9, or any other geometric adaptation made necessary to fit a specific case, including the recesses (34) at the bottom of the panel. The advantage of Figure 10 is also to show the said flush (300) of the stiffening posts (40) with the faces EXT and INT of the block (30) of insulating material in which the two uprights (40) are recessed, as well as to clearly visualize the two "lateral" posts (200).
Selon également un mode de réalisation très préféré, et comme représenté sur la Figure 9 ou de manière agrandie sur la Figure 2, l'extrémité inférieure (22) du bloc (30) comporte un décrochement (120) vers l'intérieur du bloc, courant sur toute la longueur horizontale du bloc (30) donc y compris le montant (40), et ce sur chaque face dudit bloc (30), et ce décrochement forme une cavité (23) adaptée en géométrie et en dimensions pour pouvoir s'encastrer entre les parois (26) d'un rail (R) (ou (24)) fixé au soubassement de la paroi, pour venir reposer (flèche) sur le fond (26) du rail, l'extérieur de la paroi (26) venant affleurer la face extérieure dudit élément (100) formée par la face extérieure de matériau isolant (30) et la face affleurante du montant (40). Le but de cet encastrement est d'apporter une fixation ferme et solide au sol, et donc une meilleure rigidité à la paroi. According to a very preferred embodiment, and as shown in Figure 9 or enlarged in Figure 2, the lower end (22) of the block (30) has a recess (120) inwardly of the block, current over the entire horizontal length of the block (30) and including the upright (40), and this on each face of said block (30), and this recess forms a cavity (23) adapted in geometry and dimensions to be s' embedding between the walls (26) of a rail (R) (or (24)) fixed to the base of the wall, to rest (arrow) on the bottom (26) of the rail, the outside of the wall (26). ) flush with the outer face of said element (100) formed by the outer face of insulating material (30) and the flush face of the upright (40). The purpose of this recess is to provide a firm and solid attachment to the ground, and therefore a better rigidity to the wall.
Sur la Figure 1, le rail (R) est représenté en ligne pointillée (c'est une vue de dessus et il est masqué) In Figure 1, the rail (R) is shown in dashed line (it is a view from above and it is hidden)
Le montant (40) est de manière préférentielle un matériau isolant thermiquement mais apte à rigidifier ledit élément. The amount (40) is preferably a thermally insulating material but able to stiffen said element.
Le rail (24), (R), doit être un matériau possédant de bonnes résistances mécaniques, de préférence un métal ou alliage comme acier inoxydable, aluminium, et analogues. The rail (24), (R), must be a material having good mechanical strengths, preferably a metal or alloy such as stainless steel, aluminum, and the like.
Le montant (40) est préférentiellement en bois, ou en matière plastique rigide et dure, éventuellement en matériau plastique armé. The amount (40) is preferably made of wood, or rigid and hard plastic material, possibly made of reinforced plastic material.
Le bloc isolant (30) est de préférence en mousse de PUR, ou autre matériau isolant connu. L'âme (20) des panneaux est de préférence en mousse de PUR ou autre matériau isolant connu. The insulating block (30) is preferably of PUR foam, or other known insulating material. The core (20) of the panels is preferably of PUR foam or other known insulating material.
Les parements (10) des panneaux sont de préférence une plaque de fibrociment ou matériau analogue. Les chaînages (CH) et montants d'angle (4) sont en bois, lamellé- collé, ou éventuellement matériau plastique armé, et analogues, de manière tout à fait préférée en bois ou lamellé collé. The facings (10) of the panels are preferably a fiber cement sheet or the like material. Chains (CH) and corner posts (4) are made of wood, laminated wood, or possibly reinforced plastic material, and the like, preferably wood or laminated wood.
Tous ces matériaux sont bien connus de l'homme de métier. All these materials are well known to those skilled in the art.
La présente invention couvre également un Procédé d'assemblage de deux panneaux monobloc ou composites, de préférence composites, par le moyen d'un élément isolant thermique, caractérisé en ce que on emploie un élément de liaison (100) comportant deux tenons (200) latéraux du bloc isolant (30), et un décrochement (120), dans sa partie inférieure (23), formant une cavité (120) adaptée à recevoir par encastrement lesdites parois latérales (26) comme décrit ci-dessus. The present invention also covers a method for assembling two single-piece or composite panels, preferably composite, by means of a thermal insulating element, characterized in that a connecting element (100) comprising two pins (200) is used. side of the insulating block (30), and a recess (120) in its lower part (23), forming a cavity (120) adapted to receive by embedding said side walls (26) as described above.
La présente invention concerne donc également le procédé d'assemblage de deux panneaux monobloc ou composites, par le moyen d'un élément isolant thermique, qui est caractérisé en ce que : The present invention therefore also relates to the method of assembling two monobloc or composite panels, by means of a thermal insulating element, which is characterized in that:
A) on dispose et fixe sur le sol un rail (R), (24) en forme de U, comportant une base (25) fixée au sol, et deux parois latérales (26) aux extrémités de ladite base, - B) on emploie un panneau composite (1) comportant des mortaises latérales (60), comme décrit ci-dessus C) on emploie un élément de liaison (100) comportant deux tenons (200) latéraux du bloc isolant (30), et un décrochement, dans sa partie inférieure (23), formant une cavité (120) adaptée à recevoir par encastrement lesdites parois latérales (26) tel que décrit ci-dessus, A) a U-shaped rail (R) (24) having a base (25) fixed to the ground and two sidewalls (26) at the ends of said base is disposed and fixed on the ground, - B) employs a composite panel (1) having side mortises (60) as described above C) a connecting element (100) is used comprising two lateral lugs (200) of the insulating block (30), and a recess, in its lower part (23), forming a cavity (120) adapted to receive said walls by recessing; lateral (26) as described above,
D) on « imbrique » lesdites mortaises (60) et lesdits tenons (200), et D) "mortising" said mortises (60) and said tenons (200), and
E) et on « encastre » ledit rail dans ladite cavité (120). E) and "plug" said rail into said cavity (120).
Les étapes D et E peuvent être effectuées dans l'ordre inverse E, D, ou même simultanément. Steps D and E can be performed in the reverse order E, D, or even simultaneously.
Après l'assemblage de cet élément de liaison (100) avec les panneaux (1) et (2) « latéraux » par le moyen tenon (200)/ mortaise (60), on fixe de manière durable et solide la partie saillante (61) (formant la mortaise (60)) du parement avec l'élément de liaison (100). After assembly of this connecting element (100) with the panels (1) and (2) "side" by means mortise tenon (200) / mortise (60), the protruding portion (61) is fixed in a durable and solid manner. ) (forming the mortise (60)) of the facing with the connecting element (100).
De manière tout à fait préférée, cette fixation est effectuée au niveau du montant (40) de rigidification, sur toute la hauteur, de préférence pour répondre aux normes anti-sismiques (cloutage avec intervalle régulier) et jusque y-compris au niveau de la protubérance (15), que l'on fixe au chaînage (CH). Most preferably, this fixing is performed at the level of the stiffening post (40), over the entire height, preferably to meet the anti-seismic standards (nailing with a regular interval) and up to and including the level of the protuberance (15), which is fixed to the chaining (CH).
Le procédé de montage comprend également une étape F de pose d'un chaînage horizontal (CH) en bois ou lamellé collé adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour s'encastrer par le dessus entre lesdites protubérances (15) de un ou plusieurs éléments successifs de liaison (100) et dans les mortaises supérieures (60) desdits panneaux composites (1), (2) ou (3), des encoches (e) permettant notamment l'encastrement entre les protubérances (15), et la face inférieure du chaînage reposant sur les âmes en matériau isolant de type PUR ou analogue aussi bien des panneaux (1), (2) inférieurs (âme (20)) que de l'élément de liaison (100) (âme (30)), la « hauteur » (dimension dans le sens vertical) du chaînage (CH) étant telle que la partie supérieure des protubérances et du sommet des parements (10) des panneaux inférieurs (1), (2) ou (3) se trouvent à la moitié de ladite hauteur du chaînage, la moitié non encastrée dudit chaînage étant adaptée pour recevoir de manière identique des panneaux de type (1), (2) ou (3) et d'éléments de liaison isolants (100) de la rangée supérieure. The mounting method also comprises a step F of laying a horizontal chaining (CH) in wood or glued laminated adapted in geometry and dimensions for embedding from above between said protuberances (15) of one or more successive elements of connection (100) and in the upper mortises (60) of said composite panels (1), (2) or (3), notches (e) allowing in particular the embedding between the protuberances (15), and the lower face of the chaining resting on the webs of insulating material of PUR type or the like as well panels (1), (2) lower (core (20)) than the connecting element (100) (core (30)), the "height" (dimension in the vertical direction) of the chaining (CH) being such that the upper part of the protuberances and the vertex siding (10) of the lower panels (1), (2) or (3) are at half of said height of the chaining, the unmounted half of said chaining being adapted to receive identically type panels (1) , (2) or (3) and insulating connecting elements (100) of the upper row.
Le procédé comporte également, sauf s'il s'agit d'un mur sans angle, une étape G) de montage d'angle qui comprend l'emploi de deux panneaux composites (3) d'angle, avec parements extérieurs et âme en PUR, qui pourraient être des panneaux standard (1), (2) si les dimensions concordent, sur deux rangées verticales, reliés entre eux - en angle - par un montant d'angle rigide (4) vertical, notamment en bois, lamellé collé, et - entre les deux rangées horizontales - par un chaînage (CH) horizontal venant s'encastrer dans les mortaises (60) des panneaux (3), ou (1), (2), et entre les protubérances (15) de l'élément de liaison (100). The method also includes, except in the case of a non-corner wall, a corner mounting step G) which comprises the use of two composite corner panels (3) with exterior facings and web core. PUR, which could be standard panels (1), (2) if the dimensions match, in two vertical rows, connected to each other - at an angle - by a rigid upright post (4) vertical, in particular of wood, glued laminated and - between the two horizontal rows - by a horizontal chaining (CH) coming to fit into the mortises (60) of the panels (3), or (1), (2), and between the protuberances (15) of the connecting element (100).
Cette fixation est effectuée par tout moyen comme clous, vis, système « quart de tour ». Cette fixation peut très éventuellement être complétée par de la colle. La colle comporte comme on l'a vu de nombreux défauts, et n'est selon l'invention qu'un complément de fixation qui, même irrégulier, peut être utile dans certains cas, y compris pour combler de petits défauts qui pourraient se trouver dans les surfaces de contact panneau/élément de liaison. Mais la fixation mécanique est selon l'invention responsable de la solidité et durabilité de la fixation. La colle, ou tout autre adhésif ou agent de jointoiement, ne représente qu'une petite garantie complémentaire tout à fait optionnelle. Selon une variante, le rail, qui ne constitue qu'un moyen de solidarisation avec le sol, n'est pas indispensable à condition qu'une autre forme de solidarisation avec le sol soit prévue, ou bien qu'aucune solidarisation avec le sol, dans certains cas spécifiques ne soit nécessaire, et dans un tel cas les éléments d'isolation (100) ne comporteront pas de décrochement et de cavité (120), et les panneaux ne comporteront pas d'évidemment (400) de l'âme. This fixation is carried out by any means such as nails, screws, quarter turn system. This attachment can very possibly be supplemented by glue. The glue comprises, as has been seen, numerous defects, and according to the invention is only a fixation complement which, even if it is irregular, may be useful in certain cases, including to fill small defects which may be found in the contact surfaces panel / connecting element. But the mechanical fastening is according to the invention responsible for the strength and durability of the fastener. The glue, or any other adhesive or grouting agent, represents only a small additional guarantee quite optional. According to one variant, the rail, which constitutes only a means of securing with the ground, is not indispensable provided that another form of securing with the ground is provided, or that no connection with the ground, in certain specific cases is necessary, and in such a case the insulation elements (100) will not include recess and cavity (120), and the panels will not include obviously (400) of the core.
Selon une variante préférée, ledit rail est fixé au sol par un moyen mécanique, clou, vis. Tous les moyens de fixations sont possibles à la condition évident de réaliser une fixation suffisamment solide et durable pour la construction spécifique envisagée, ce que comprendra évidemment l'homme de métier. According to a preferred variant, said rail is fixed to the ground by mechanical means, nail, screw. All fastening means are possible on the obvious condition of achieving a sufficiently strong and durable attachment for the specific construction envisaged, which will obviously include those skilled in the art.
L'invention concerne encore les panneaux (1), (2), et d'angle (3), caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont adaptés par la présence de mortaises (60) au moins latérales à s'imbriquer dans les tenons (200) de l'âme d'un élément de liaison isolant de tels panneaux ou, pour le panneau d'angle (4), des mortaises d'extrémité du panneau d'angle. The invention also relates to the panels (1), (2), and angle (3), characterized in that they are adapted by the presence of mortises (60) at least lateral to interlocking in the tenons ( 200) of the web of an insulating connecting element of such panels or, for the corner panel (4), end mortises of the corner panel.
Lesdits panneaux sont des panneaux composites dits PAIT pour Panneau Autoporteur Isolant Thermique constitués par une âme (20) en matériau isolant dont les deux faces latérales opposées sont recouvertes chacune par une plaque rigide (10). Said panels are so-called PAIT composite panels for Thermal Insulating Free-Standing Panel constituted by a core (20) of insulating material whose two opposite lateral faces are each covered by a rigid plate (10).
Alors, l'évidement (34) ménagé dans l'âme (20) dudit panneau pour recevoir les faces latérales (26) dudit rail est ménagé de manière à ce que sa paroi extérieure soit la base des plaques (10) rigides et ses autres parois intérieure et supérieure soient les parois évidées de l'âme (Fig. 7). Then, the recess (34) formed in the core (20) of said panel to receive the lateral faces (26) of said rail is formed so that its outer wall is the base of the plates (10) rigid and its other the inner and upper walls are the recessed walls of the core (Fig. 7).
De préférence, l'âme (20) est en mousse de polyuréthanne PUR. De préférence, lesdites plaques rigides (10) sont en fibrociment et comportent au moins deux protubérances (61) latérales au delà de ladite âme 20, pour former lesdites mortaises (60) d'imbrication adaptées à coopérer géométriquement avec lesdits tenons (200) dudit élément de liaison (100). Preferably, the core (20) is made of PUR polyurethane foam. Preferably, said rigid plates (10) are made of fiber cement and comprise at least two lateral protuberances (61) beyond said core 20, to form said interlocking mortises (60) adapted to cooperate geometrically with said tenons (200) of said connecting element (100).
Selon une option tout à fait préférée, au moins pour la rangée inférieure du mur ou bâti, lesdits panneaux comportent un évidement (34) ménagé dans l'âme (20), apte à recevoir les faces latérales (26) d'un rail fixé au sol, la base de l'âme (20) reposant sur la face inférieure (25) dudit rail (R), (24). According to a very preferred option, at least for the lower row of the wall or frame, said panels comprise a recess (34) formed in the core (20), able to receive the lateral faces (26) of a fixed rail. on the ground, the base of the core (20) resting on the underside (25) of said rail (R), (24).
Selon une variante moins préférée, ledit panneau est monobloc et comporte lesdites mortaises (60) et ledit évidement (34). According to a less preferred variant, said panel is in one piece and comprises said mortises (60) and said recess (34).
L'invention concerne également les murs, bâtis, toits, sols, terrasses et tout type de structure pouvant être formée en utilisant l'élément de liaison selon l'invention entre deux panneaux composites, le tout comme décrit ci-dessus. The invention also relates to walls, frames, roofs, floors, terraces and any type of structure that can be formed by using the connecting element according to the invention between two composite panels, all as described above.
L'invention concerne enfin toutes les applications dans tout type de bâtiment, maisons individuelles (« BBC » ou « bâtiments de basse consommation » (énergétique),; « Habitat passif », Habitat neutre énergétiquement, usines, immeubles collectifs, gymnases, écoles. Finally, the invention relates to all applications in any type of building, individual houses ("BBC" or "buildings of low energy consumption" (energetic), "passive housing", energy neutral housing, factories, multi-family buildings, gymnasiums, schools.
L'invention couvre également tous les modes alternatifs équivalents de réalisation, variantes, options, choix de matériaux, et toutes les applications qui seront directement accessibles à l'homme de métier à la lecture de la présente demande et de ses connaissances propres et de son bon sens. The invention also covers all equivalent alternative embodiments, variants, options, choice of materials, and all applications that will be directly accessible to the skilled person on reading this application and his own knowledge and his common sense.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Elément de liaison formant isolant thermique entre deux panneaux monobloc ou de type composite, c'est-à-dire formés par une âme en matériau thermiquement isolant recouverte sur ses deux faces latérales par une plaque rigide ou « parement » de matériau apportant la résistance mécanique et la rigidité, lesdits parements formant, par leur longueur supérieure par rapport à l'âme, une mortaise sur au moins les deux extrémités latérales du panneau, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de liaison est formé par : un bloc en matériau thermiquement isolant de même épaisseur que l'âme du panneau rigidifié par au moins un, de préférence deux montants o intérieurs (montés en insert(s)) dans ledit bloc de matériau ou o encastrés avec affleurement dans les surfaces latérales EXT et INT dudit bloc de matériau, o et formés en un matériau apportant la rigidité et la résistance mécanique, l'ensemble dudit élément étant adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour former un tenon apte à s'imbriquer dans la mortaise formée par les protubérances latérales des deux parements pour former ladite liaison. 1. Connecting element forming thermal insulation between two monobloc panels or composite type, that is to say formed by a core of thermally insulating material covered on both sides by a rigid plate or "facing" of material providing the mechanical strength and rigidity, said facings forming, by their greater length relative to the core, a mortise on at least the two lateral ends of the panel, characterized in that said connecting element is formed by: a block of thermally material insulation of the same thickness as the core of the panel stiffened by at least one, preferably two inner uprights (mounted in insert (s)) in said block of material or o recessed flush in the lateral surfaces EXT and INT said block of material, o and formed of a material providing rigidity and mechanical strength, the assembly of said element being adapted in geometry and dimensions for r form a tenon adapted to fit into the mortise formed by the lateral protuberances of the two facings to form said connection.
2. Elément de liaison (100) selon la revendication 1, entre deux panneaux de type monobloc ou composite (1) et (2), formés par une âme (20) en matériau thermiquement isolant recouverte sur ses deux faces latérales INT et EXT par une plaque ou « parement » (10) de matériau apportant la résistance mécanique et la rigidité, lesdits parements formant, par leur longueur supérieure par rapport à l'âme, une mortaise (60) sur au moins lesdites deux extrémités latérales du panneau, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de liaison (100) est formé par : un bloc (30) en matériau thermiquement isolant de même épaisseur que l'âme (20) du panneau rigidifié par au moins un, de préférence deux montants (40) o intérieurs (montés en insert(s) dans ledit bloc de matériau) ou o encastrés avec affleurement dans les surfaces latérales EXT et INT dudit bloc (30) de matériau isolant, et o formés en un matériau apportant la rigidité et la résistance mécanique, l'ensemble dudit élément étant adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour former un tenon (200) apte à s'imbriquer parfaitement dans la mortaise (60) formée par les protubérances latérales (61) des deux parements du panneau, au delà de l'âme (20). 2. Connecting element (100) according to claim 1, between two panels of monoblock or composite type (1) and (2), formed by a core (20) of thermally insulating material covered on its two lateral faces INT and EXT by a plate or "facing" (10) of material providing strength and rigidity, said facing forming, by their greater length relative to the core, a mortise (60) on at least said two lateral ends of the panel, characterized in that said connecting element (100) is formed by: a block (30) of thermally insulating material of the same thickness as the core (20) of the rigidified panel by at least one, preferably two uprights (40) o interior (mounted in insert (s) in said block of material) or o recessed flush in the side surfaces EXT and INT of said block (30) of insulating material, and o formed of a material providing rigidity and the mechanical strength, the assembly of said element being adapted in geometry and dimensions to form a pin (200) able to fit perfectly into the mortise (60) formed by the lateral protuberances (61) of the two p arements of the panel, beyond the soul (20).
3. Elément de liaison isolant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un bloc de matériau isolant (30) de même épaisseur que celle de l'âme (20) dudit panneau, deux montants (40) encastrés avec affleurement dans les faces EXT et INT dudit bloc (30), et au centre de ces faces, la longueur desdits montants étant plus faible que celle desdites faces INT et EXT dudit bloc isolant (30), ce qui forme un tenon (200) de matériau isolant à chaque face latérale dudit élément. 3. Insulating connecting element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a block of insulating material (30) of the same thickness as that of the core (20) of said panel, two uprights (40) recessed with flush in the faces EXT and INT of said block (30), and in the center of these faces, the length of said uprights being smaller than that of said faces INT and EXT of said insulating block (30), which forms a tenon (200) of insulating material at each side face of said element.
4. Elément selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que les tenons (200) sont adaptés géométriquement et en dimensions pour permettre aux panneaux (1) et (2) adjacents de venir s'encastrer ou « s'imbriquer » dans ledit élément de liaison, via leur mortaises latérales (60). 4. Element according to claim 3 characterized in that the tenons (200) are adapted geometrically and in size to allow adjacent panels (1) and (2) to come to fit or "nest" in said connecting element , via their lateral mortises (60).
5. Elément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les deux montants (40) se prolongent vers le haut, au delà de l'extrémité supérieure (21) dudit bloc (30) isolant pour former deux protubérances (15). 5. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two uprights (40) extend upwardly, beyond the upper end (21) of said block (30) insulating to form two protuberances (15).
6. Elément (100) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il se compose du bloc isolant (30) et de deux montants (40) de rigidification, mais sans les protubérances (15) supérieures des montants et sans le décrochement inférieur formant la cavité (120) destinée à recevoir le rail (R), (24). 6. Element (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of the insulating block (30) and two uprights (40) of stiffening, but without the protuberances (15) upper amounts and without the lower recess forming the cavity (120) for receiving the rail (R), (24).
7. Élément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité inférieure (22) du bloc (30) comporte un décrochement (120) vers l'intérieur du bloc, courant sur toute la longueur horizontale du bloc (30) donc y-compris le montant (40), et ce sur chaque face dudit bloc (30), et ce décrochement forme une cavité (120) adaptée en géométrie et en dimensions pour pouvoir s'encastrer entre les parois (26) d'un rail (R) (ou (24)) fixé au sol ou soubassement de la paroi formée par les panneaux, pour venir reposer sur le fond (26) du rail, l'extérieur de la paroi (26) venant affleurer la face extérieure dudit élément (100) formée par la face extérieure de matériau isolant (30) et la face affleurante du montant (40). 7. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lower end (22) of the block (30) comprises a recess (120) inwardly of the block, running over the entire horizontal length of the block (30), thus including the upright (40), and this on each face of said block (30), and this recess forms a cavity (120) adapted in geometry and dimensions to be able to fit between the walls (26). ) of a rail (R) (or (24)) fixed to the ground or substructure of the wall formed by the panels, to rest on the bottom (26) of the rail, the outside of the wall (26) being flush the outer face of said element (100) formed by the outer face of insulating material (30) and the flush face of the upright (40).
8. Élément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le montant (40) est en un matériau isolant thermiquement mais apte à rigidifier ledit élément. 8. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the amount (40) is a thermally insulating material but capable of rigidifying said element.
9. Élément selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le montant (40) est en bois, ou en matière plastique rigide et dure, éventuellement en matériau plastique armé. 9. Element according to claim 8, characterized in that the upright (40) is made of wood, or rigid and hard plastic material, optionally of reinforced plastic material.
10. Élément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le bloc isolant (30) est de préférence en mousse de polyuréthanne PUR, ou autre matériau isolant thermique. 10. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the insulating block (30) is preferably made of polyurethane foam PUR, or other thermal insulating material.
11. Élément selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les plaques rigides ou « parements » (10) des panneaux sont formés par une plaque de fibrociment ou matériau analogue. 11. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the rigid plates or "facings" (10) of the panels are formed by a fibrocement plate or the like material.
12. Procédé d'assemblage de deux panneaux monobloc ou composites par le moyen d'un élément isolant thermique, caractérisé en ce que on emploie un élément de liaison (100) comportant deux tenons (200) latéraux du bloc isolant (30), et un décrochement (120), dans sa partie inférieure (23), formant une cavité (120) adaptée à recevoir par encastrement lesdites parois latérales (26) comme décrit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11. 12. A method of assembling two monobloc panels or composites by means of a thermal insulating element, characterized in that a connecting element (100) is used comprising two pins (200) side of the insulating block (30), and a recess (120) in its lower part (23) forming a cavity (120) adapted to receive by fitting said side walls (26) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.
13. Procédé d'assemblage de deux panneaux monobloc ou composites selon la revendication 12, par le moyen d'un élément isolant thermique, caractérisé en ce que 13. A method of assembling two monobloc panels or composites according to claim 12, by means of a thermal insulating element, characterized in that
A) on dispose et fixe sur le sol un rail (R), (24) en forme de U, comportant une base (25) fixée au sol, et deux parois latérales (26) aux extrémités de ladite base, A) a U-shaped rail (R), having a base (25) fixed to the ground, and two side walls (26) at the ends of said base are disposed and fixed on the ground,
B) on emploie un panneau monobloc ou composite (1) comportant des mortaises latérales (60), et un évidement (34) apte à s'encastrer dans ledit rail, comme décrit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, C) on emploie un élément de liaison (100) comportant deux tenons (200) latéraux du bloc isolant (30), et un décrochement (120), dans sa partie inférieure (23), formant une cavité (120) adaptée à recevoir par encastrement lesdites parois latérales (26) comme décrit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, B) a one-piece or composite panel (1) having lateral mortises (60) is used, and a recess (34) adapted to fit in said rail, as described according to any one of claims 1 to 11, C) a connecting element (100) is used comprising two lateral lugs (200) of the insulating block (30), and a recess (120) in its lower part (23) forming a cavity (120) adapted to receive by embedding said side walls (26) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11,
D) on « imbrique » lesdites mortaises (60) et lesdits tenons (200), D) "mortising" said mortises (60) and said tenons (200),
E) et on « encastre » ledit rail dans ladite cavité (120) dudit élément de liaison (100) et ledit rail dans ledit évidement (34) dudit panneau, et F) ledit procédé de montage comprend également une étape de pose d'un chaînage horizontal (CH) en bois ou lamellé collé adapté en géométrie et dimensions pour s'encastrer par le dessus entre lesdites protubérances (15) de un ou plusieurs éléments successifs de liaison (100) et dans les mortaises supérieures (60) desdits panneaux composites (1), (2) ou (3), des encoches (e) permettant notamment l'encastrement entre les protubérances (15), et la face inférieure du chaînage reposant sur les âmes en matériau isolant de type PUR aussi bien des panneaux (1), (2) inférieurs (âme (20)) que de l'élément de liaison (100) (âme (30)), la « hauteur » (dimension dans le sens vertical) du chaînage (CH) étant telle que la partie supérieure des protubérances et du sommet des parements (10) des panneaux inférieurs (1), (2) ou (3) se trouvent à la moitié de ladite hauteur du chaînage, la moitié non encastrée dudit chaînage étant adaptée pour recevoir de manière identique des panneaux de type (1), (2) ou (3) et d'éléments de liaison isolants (100) de la rangée supérieure, et E) and "plugging" said rail into said cavity (120) of said connecting member (100) and said rail in said recess (34) of said panel, and F) said mounting method also comprises a step of laying a horizontal chaining (CH) of wood or glued laminated adapted in geometry and dimensions to be embedded from above between said protuberances (15) of one or more successive connecting elements (100) and in the upper mortises (60) of said composite panels (1), (2) or (3), notches (e) allowing in particular the embedding between the protuberances (15), and the lower face of the chaining resting on the webs of insulating material of the PUR type as well as panels ( 1), (2) lower (core (20)) than the connecting element (100) (core (30)), the "height" (dimension in the vertical direction) of the chaining (CH) being such that the upper part of the protuberances and the top of the facings (10) of the lower panels (1), (2) or (3) are at half of said height of the chaining, the unframed half of said chaining being adapted to receive identically type panels (1), (2) or (3) and insulating connecting elements (100) of the upper row, and
G) également un montage d'angle qui comprend l'emploi de deux panneaux composites (3) d'angle, avec parements extérieurs et âme en PUR, qui pourraient être des panneaux standard (1), (2) si les dimensions concordent, sur deux rangées verticales, reliés entre eux - en angle - par un montant d'angle rigide (4) vertical, notamment en bois, lamellé collé, et - entre les deux rangées horizontales - par un chaînage (CH) horizontal venant s'encastrer dans les mortaises (60) des panneaux (3), ou (1), (2), et entre les protubérances (15) de l'élément de liaison (100). G) also an angle assembly which includes the use of two composite panels (3) of angle, with external cladding and PUR core, which could be standard panels (1), (2) if the dimensions match, in two vertical rows, interconnected at an angle by a vertical rigid corner post (4), in particular in wood, glued laminated, and - between the two horizontal rows - by a horizontal chaining (CH) coming to fit into the mortises (60) of the panels (3), or (1), (2), and between the protuberances (15) of the connecting element (100).
14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 et 13, caractérisé en ce que les étapes D et E peuvent être effectuées dans l'ordre inverse E, D, ou simultanément. 14. Method according to any one of claims 12 and 13, characterized in that the steps D and E can be performed in the reverse order E, D, or simultaneously.
15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, caractérisé en ce que après l'assemblage dudit élément de liaison (100) avec les panneaux (1) et (2) « latéraux » par le moyen tenon (200)/ mortaise (60), on fixe de manière durable et solide la partie saillante (61) formant la mortaise (60) du parement (10) avec l'élément de liaison. 15. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that after assembly of said connecting element (100) with the panels (1) and (2) "lateral" by means tenon (200) / mortise (60), the protruding portion (61) forming the mortise (60) of the facing (10) is fastened in a durable and solid manner with the connecting element.
16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que cette fixation est effectuée au niveau du montant (40) de rigidification. 16. The method of claim 15, characterized in that this fixing is performed at the amount (40) of stiffening.
17. Procédé selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que ladite fixation est effectuée par tout moyen comme clous, vis, système « quart de tour », pouvant éventuellement être complétée par de la colle. 17. The method of claim 15 or 16, characterized in that said fixing is carried out by any means such as nails, screws, quarter turn system, which may optionally be supplemented with glue.
18. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le rail (24), (R), est en un matériau possédant de bonnes résistances mécaniques, métal ou alliage comme acier inoxydable, aluminium.18. A method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that the rail (24), (R), is a material having good mechanical strengths, metal or alloy such as stainless steel, aluminum.
19. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 18, caractérisé en ce que ledit rail est fixé au sol par un moyen mécanique, clou, vis. 19. Method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that said rail is fixed to the ground by mechanical means, nail, screw.
20. Panneaux (1), (2), ANG monobloc ou composites caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont adaptés par la présence de mortaises (60) au moins latérales à s'imbriquer dans les tenons (200) de l'âme d'un élément de liaison isolant de tels panneaux, et un évidement (34) pour s'encastrer dans ledit rail (R), (24), comme décrit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11. 20. Panels (1), (2), one-piece plates or composites characterized in that they are adapted by the presence of mortises (60) at least lateral to interlock in the tenons (200) of the soul of an insulating connecting member of such panels, and a recess (34) to fit into said rail (R), (24) as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.
21. Panneaux selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que ce sont des panneaux composites constitués par une âme (20) en matériau isolant dont les deux faces latérales opposées sont recouvertes chacune par une plaque rigide ou « parement » (10). 21. Panels according to claim 20, characterized in that they are composite panels consisting of a core (20) of insulating material, the two opposite side faces are each covered by a rigid plate or "facing" (10).
22. Panneaux selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que l'âme (20) des panneaux est en mousse de PUR ou autre matériau isolant thermique. 22. Panels according to claim 21, characterized in that the core (20) of the panels is made of PUR foam or other thermal insulating material.
23. Panneaux selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce que l'évidement (34) ménagé dans l'âme (20) dudit panneau pour recevoir les faces latérales (26) dudit rail est ménagé de manière à ce que sa paroi extérieure soit la base des plaques (10) rigides et ses autres parois intérieure et supérieure soient les parois évidées de l'âme (Fig. 7).24. Panneaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 21 à 23, caractérisé en ce que lesdites plaques rigides ou « parements » (10) sont en fibrociment et comportent au moins deux protubérances 61 latérales au delà de ladite âme (20), pour former lesdites mortaises (60) d'imbrication adaptées à coopérer géométriquement avec lesdits tenons (200) dudit élément de liaison.25. Panneaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 21 à 24, caractérisé en ce qu'ils comportent un évidement (34) ménagé dans l'âme (20), apte à recevoir les faces latérales (26) d'un rail fixé au sol, la base de l'âme (20) reposant sur la face inférieure (25) dudit rail (R), (24).26. Panneaux selon quelconque des revendications 20 à 25, caractérisé en ce que lesdits panneaux sont monobloc et comportent lesdites mortaises (60) et ledit évidement (34).27. Murs, bâtis, toits, sols, terrasses et tout type de structure, caractérisés en ce que ils ont été formés en utilisant l'élément de liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 19 et les panneaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 20 à 26.28. Applications dans tout type de bâtiment, maisons individuelles (« BBC » ou « bâtiments de basse consommation » (énergétique)) ; « Habitat passif », Habitat neutre énergétiquement, usines, immeubles collectifs, gymnases, écoles, utilisant l'élément de liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 19, et les panneaux selon l'une quelconque des revendications 20 à 26. 23. Panels according to claim 22, characterized in that the recess (34) formed in the core (20) of said panel for receiving the side faces (26) of said rail is arranged so that its outer wall is the base of the rigid plates (10) and its other inner and upper walls being the recessed walls of the core (Fig. 7) .24. Panels according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that said rigid plates or "cladding" (10) are fiber cement and comprise at least two lateral protuberances 61 beyond said core (20), to form said mortises (60) adapted to cooperate geometrically with said pins (200) of said connecting member. Panels according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that they comprise a recess (34) formed in the core (20), adapted to receive the side faces (26) of a rail fixed to the ground, the base of the web (20) resting on the underside (25) of said rail (R), (24) .26. Panels according to any one of claims 20 to 25, characterized in that said panels are monobloc and comprise said mortises (60) and said recess (34) .27. Walls, frames, roofs, floors, terraces and any type of structure, characterized in that they have been formed using the connecting element according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the method according to any one of the claims 12 to 19 and the panels according to any one of claims 20 to 26.28. Applications in any type of building, single-family homes ("BBC" or "low-energy buildings"(energy));"Passivehabitat", energy neutral habitat, factories, apartment buildings, gymnasiums, schools, using the connecting element according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, and panels according to any one of claims 20 to 26.
PCT/IB2015/002043 2014-11-06 2015-11-04 New insulating connecting element between composite building panels, new matching panels and method for building walls WO2016071747A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1402512A FR3028273A1 (en) 2014-11-06 2014-11-06 NEW INSULATING BONDING ELEMENT BETWEEN COMPOSITE PANELS FOR THE BUILDING, NEW ADAPTED PANELS AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING WALLS
FR14/02512 2014-11-06

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