WO2016035560A1 - 感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法、及び、電子デバイスの製造方法 - Google Patents
感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物、感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法、及び、電子デバイスの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/282—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing two or more oxygen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/28—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/283—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and containing one or more carboxylic moiety in the chain, e.g. acetoacetoxyethyl(meth)acrylate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ultra-microlithography process applicable to a manufacturing process of VLSI (large scale integration) and a high-capacity microchip, a process for producing a mold for nanoimprinting, a manufacturing process of a high-density information recording medium, and the like. Actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition (resist composition) suitably used for other photofabrication processes, actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using the same, pattern formation method, and The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electronic device.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object thereof is an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition excellent in sensitivity, and an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive property using the same. It is to provide a film, a pattern forming method, and an electronic device manufacturing method.
- the present invention provides the following [1] to [11].
- [1] A resin (Ab) whose polarity is changed by the action of an acid and a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, wherein the resin (Ab) contains a metal ion, and the metal ion
- a pattern forming method comprising at least a step of exposing a light sensitive or radiation sensitive film and a step of developing the exposed actinic ray sensitive or radiation sensitive film with a developer to form a pattern.
- a method for manufacturing an electronic device comprising the pattern forming method according to any one of [7] to [10].
- an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition having excellent sensitivity, an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film using the same, a pattern forming method, and a method for producing an electronic device are provided.
- the notation which does not describe substitution and non-substitution includes the thing which has a substituent with the thing which does not have a substituent.
- the “alkyl group” includes not only an alkyl group having no substituent (unsubstituted alkyl group) but also an alkyl group having a substituent (substituted alkyl group).
- light includes not only extreme ultraviolet rays (EUV light) but also electron beams.
- exposure in this specification includes not only exposure by extreme ultraviolet rays (EUV light) but also drawing by electron beams unless otherwise specified.
- Actinic light or “radiation” in the present specification means, for example, an emission line spectrum of a mercury lamp, far ultraviolet rays represented by an excimer laser, extreme ultraviolet rays (EUV light), X-rays, electron beams and the like.
- light means actinic rays or radiation.
- exposure in the present specification is not limited to exposure with far ultraviolet rays such as mercury lamps and excimer lasers, X-rays, EUV light, etc., but also particle beams such as electron beams and ion beams, unless otherwise specified. Include drawing in exposure.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “the composition of the present invention” or “the resist composition of the present invention”) is composed of the resin (Ab) described below in detail and the activity And a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with light or radiation (also referred to as a “photoacid generator”).
- the resin (Ab) is a resin whose polarity is changed by the action of an acid.
- the resin (Ab) is preferably insoluble or hardly soluble in an alkaline developer, and preferably soluble in a developer containing an organic solvent.
- the resin (Ab) preferably has a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- such a resin (Ab) contains a metal ion, and the metal species of the metal ion is a metal species belonging to Groups 1 to 10 and 13 to 16 (excluding Mg and Cs). At least one.
- the composition of this invention is excellent in a sensitivity. The reason is not clear, but is presumed as follows. First, when exposed using an electron beam or EUV light, the composition of the present invention absorbs light and generates electrons, and the photoacid generator is decomposed by the generated electrons to generate an acid. The polarity of the resin (Ab) changes due to the action of the acid.
- the above-described metal (metal ion) contained in the resin (Ab) has high absorption of electron beam or EUV light, so that it can absorb a lot of light, generate a lot of electrons, and easily generate an acid. Therefore, it is considered that the sensitivity becomes high. While the sensitivity is improved by selecting the metal species, for example, when a metal species such as Mg, Cu, Zn, Cs is selected, the sensitivity is insufficient. This is also clear from the results of comparison between examples and comparative examples described later.
- the metal species belonging to Groups 1 to 2, 8 to 10, and 13 to 16 are more preferable.
- the metal ion is preferably contained in the resin (Ab) in the form of a metal salt structure. That is, the resin (Ab) preferably has a metal salt structure containing the metal ions. Such a metal salt structure is included in the resin (Ab), for example, as a partial structure of a functional group that the resin (Ab) has. Specific examples of the metal salt structure include a partial structure represented by the following general formula (f).
- Xa represents a residue obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an acid group
- Met represents a metal atom belonging to Groups 1 to 10 and 13 to 16 (excluding Mg and Cs)
- n represents an integer of 1 or more.
- Examples of the acid group in Xa in the general formula (f) include a carboxyl group (—COOH), a sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H), a phosphoric acid group (H 2 PO 4 —), a phenolic hydroxyl group (—C 6 H 4 OH) and the like, and these may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of the acid groups, a carboxyl group is preferred.
- the metal species of the metal atom represented by Met in the general formula (f) is synonymous with the metal species described above.
- the integer represented by n in the general formula (f) is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, and still more preferably 1 to 2.
- a part of Xa may be a hydroxide ion in which protons are eliminated from a water molecule that is a Bronsted acid. That is, the general formula (f) includes an embodiment represented by the following general formula (f ′).
- Xa represents a residue obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from an acid group
- Met represents a metal atom belonging to Groups 1 to 10 and 13 to 16 (excluding Mg and Cs)
- n represents an integer of 2 or more
- m represents an integer of 1 or more and (n-1) or less.
- Xa and Met in the general formula (f ′) are synonymous with Xa and Met in the general formula (f).
- the integer represented by n in the general formula (f ′) is preferably 2 to 4, and more preferably 2 to 3.
- the integer represented by m in the general formula (f ′) is preferably 1 to 3, and more preferably 1 to 2.
- the metal salt structure described above is decomposed by exposure (metal ions are eliminated) to give polar groups such as carboxyl groups. This decomposition takes place without the action of acid. That is, it becomes easy to change the polarity only in the exposed region without a mechanism that causes unevenness such as acid diffusion. For this reason, when the resin (Ab) has the above-described metal salt structure, roughness characteristics (line edge roughness (LER)) are improved.
- the desorbed metal ion is considered to be a metal oxide or the like, but the mode is not particularly limited.
- the partial structure represented by the general formula (f) is preferably contained in the repeating unit constituting the resin (Ab).
- the resin (Ab) is represented by the following general formulas (f1) to ( An embodiment having at least one of the repeating units represented by f4) is more preferred.
- Met represents a metal atom belonging to Groups 1 to 10 and 13 to 16 (excluding Mg and Cs)
- R fa represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyloxycarbonyl group
- Y 1 each independently represents a single bond or a divalent linking group
- Y 2 to Y 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- * represents a binding position.
- the metal species of the metal atom represented by Met in the general formulas (f1) to (f4) are synonymous with the metal species described above.
- the alkyl group represented by R fa in the general formulas (f1) to (f4) may be a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, octyl group, dodecyl group, etc. Examples thereof include those having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably those having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably those having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group represented by R fa include those having 3 to 15 carbon atoms such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group.
- Examples of the halogen atom represented by R fa include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and among these, a fluorine atom is particularly preferable.
- the alkyl group moiety contained in the alkyloxycarbonyl group R fa represents, for example, can adopt a configuration described above as the alkyl group represented by earlier R fa.
- R fa is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- Examples of the divalent linking group represented by Y 1 in the general formulas (f1) to (f4) include an alkylene group (eg, a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a hexylene group, and an octylene group), Cycloalkylene groups (eg, cyclopentylene group, cyclohexylene group, adamantylene group, etc.), alkenylene groups (eg, ethylene group, propenylene group, butenylene group, etc.), divalent aromatic ring groups (eg, phenylene group, benzylene) Groups, tolylene groups, naphthylene groups, etc.), —S—, —O—, —CO—, —SO 2 —, —N (R 0 ) —, and divalent linking groups in which a plurality of these are combined.
- an alkylene group eg, a methylene group, an
- R 0 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group (eg, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, specifically, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, Hexyl group, octyl group, etc.).
- Each group mentioned here may have a substituent such as an ether group, an ester group, a lactone ring, a hydroxy group, an amino group, or a cyano group, or may have a hetero atom, or a double bond. Or you may have a triple bond.
- Examples of the monovalent organic group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 in the general formulas (f1) to (f4) include, for example, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a cycloalkyl group, which may have a hetero atom. And aryl groups.
- Each of these groups is a hydroxy group, an ether group, an ester group, an amino group, an amide group, a sulfonic acid ester group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, a carbonate group, a carbamate group, a thiol group, a sulfide group, a thioketone group, Alternatively, it may have a substituent such as a heteroaromatic ring.
- the alkyl group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 may be linear or branched, and preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3, for example, methyl group, ethyl group , N-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group and the like.
- the alkenyl group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 preferably has 3 to 20 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a vinyl group, an allyl group, an isopropenyl group, and a styryl group.
- the alkynyl group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 preferably has 2 to 16 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include an ethynyl group, a 1-propynyl group, a 1-butynyl group, and a trimethylsilylethynyl group.
- the cycloalkyl group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and preferably has 3 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 4 to 8 carbon atoms such as a cyclopropyl group, A cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the aryl group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 include a phenyl group, a benzyl group, a tolyl group, and a naphthyl group.
- the monovalent organic group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 may constitute a repeating unit of the resin (Ab).
- the monovalent organic group represented by Y 2 to Y 4 represents a group represented by the following formula.
- R fa in the following formula is as described above.
- repeating units represented by the general formulas (f1) to (f4) are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- R 5 corresponds to R fa described above
- Z is a divalent metal atom, which is a metal atom belonging to Groups 1 to 10 and 13 to 16 (excluding Mg).
- R 5 corresponds to R fa described above
- Z is a monovalent metal atom, and a metal atom belonging to Groups 1 to 10 and 13 to 16 (excluding Cs) To express.
- the content of the repeating units represented by the general formulas (f1) to (f4) in the resin (Ab) is preferably 1 to 80 mol%, more preferably 2 to 50 mol%, based on all repeating units. More preferred is mol%.
- the resin (Ab) is a resin whose polarity is changed by the action of an acid, and preferably has a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- the acid-decomposable group include a group in which a hydrogen atom of a polar group such as a carboxyl group, a phenolic hydroxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, or a thiol group is protected with a group that is eliminated by the action of an acid.
- Examples of the group capable of leaving by the action of an acid include —C (R 36 ) (R 37 ) (R 38 ), —C (R 36 ) (R 37 ) (OR 39 ), —C ( ⁇ O) — OC (R 36 ) (R 37 ) (R 38 ), —C (R 01 ) (R 02 ) (OR 39 ), —C (R 01 ) (R 02 ) —C ( ⁇ O) —O— C (R 36 ) (R 37 ) (R 38 ) and the like can be mentioned.
- R 36 to R 39 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- R 36 and R 37 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- R 01 and R 02 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or an alkenyl group.
- the resin (Ab) preferably contains a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (AI) as a repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group.
- Xa 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a group represented by —CH 2 —R 9 .
- R 9 represents a hydroxyl group or a monovalent organic group, and examples thereof include an alkyl group having 5 or less carbon atoms and an acyl group, preferably an alkyl group having 3 or less carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group.
- Xa 1 preferably represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or a hydroxymethyl group.
- T represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- Rx 1 to Rx 3 each independently represents an alkyl group (straight or branched) or a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic or polycyclic). At least two members out of Rx 1 to Rx 3 may combine to form a cycloalkyl group (monocyclic or polycyclic).
- Examples of the divalent linking group for T include an alkylene group, —COO—Rt— group, —O—Rt— group, and the like.
- Rt represents an alkylene group or a cycloalkylene group.
- T is preferably a single bond or a —COO—Rt— group.
- Rt is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, more preferably a —CH 2 — group or a — (CH 2 ) 3 — group.
- the alkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, or a t-butyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group of Rx 1 to Rx 3 include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as cyclopentyl group and cyclohexyl group, polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as norbornyl group, tetracyclodecanyl group, tetracyclododecanyl group and adamantyl group. Groups are preferred.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group formed by combining at least two of Rx 1 to Rx 3 include a monocyclic cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, A polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as an adamantyl group is preferred.
- Rx 1 is a methyl group or an ethyl group and Rx 2 and Rx 3 are bonded to form the above-described cycloalkyl group is preferable.
- Each of the above groups may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (1 to 4 carbon atoms), a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group (1 to 4 carbon atoms), a carboxyl group, Examples thereof include alkoxycarbonyl groups (having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), and those having 8 or less carbon atoms are preferred.
- the resin (Ab) preferably contains at least one repeating unit represented by the following general formulas (A1) and (A2).
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5
- m represents an integer of 0 to 4 that satisfies the relationship 1 ⁇ m + n ⁇ 5.
- S 1 represents a substituent (excluding a hydrogen atom), and when m is 2 or more, the plurality of S 1 may be the same as or different from each other.
- a 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid. However, at least one A 1 represents a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid.
- n ⁇ 2 the plurality of A 1 may be the same as or different from each other.
- X is hydrogen atom, alkyl group, hydroxyl group, alkoxy group, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, acyl group, acyloxy group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkyloxy group, aryl group, carboxy group, alkyloxycarbonyl group, alkyl Represents a carbonyloxy group or an aralkyl group.
- a 2 represents a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5, preferably 1 or 2, and particularly preferably 1.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 4 that satisfies the relationship of 1 ⁇ m + n ⁇ 5, preferably 0 to 2, more preferably 0 or 1, and particularly preferably 0.
- S 1 represents a substituent (excluding a hydrogen atom) as described above. Examples of the substituent include those similar to the substituents described for S 1 in the general formula (A) described below.
- a 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid, and at least one A 1 is a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid.
- Examples of the group capable of leaving by the action of an acid include tertiary alkyl groups such as t-butyl group and t-amyl group, t-butoxycarbonyl group, t-butoxycarbonylmethyl group, and formula —C (L 1 ) (L 2 ) —O—Z 2 represents an acetal group.
- L 1 and L 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aralkyl group.
- Z 2 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aralkyl group.
- Z 2 and L 1 may be bonded to each other to form a 5-membered or 6-membered ring.
- the alkyl group may be a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group.
- the linear alkyl group preferably has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and more preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- straight chain alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n- Examples include an octyl group, an n-nonyl group, and an n-decyl group.
- the carbon number of the branched alkyl group is preferably 3 to 30, and more preferably 3 to 20.
- Examples of such branched alkyl groups include i-propyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, i-pentyl, t-pentyl, i-hexyl, t-hexyl, and i-heptyl.
- alkyl groups may further have a substituent.
- substituents include a hydroxyl group; a halogen atom such as a fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atom; a nitro group; a cyano group; an amide group; a sulfonamide group; a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, n- Alkyl groups such as butyl, sec-butyl, hexyl, 2-ethylhexyl, octyl and dodecyl; alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, hydroxyethoxy, propoxy, hydroxypropoxy and butoxy; Examples include alkoxycarbonyl groups such as methoxycarbonyl group and ethoxycarbonyl group; acyl groups such as formyl group, acetyl group and benzoyl group; acyloxy groups such as acetoxy group
- an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, an isobutyl group, a cyclohexylethyl group, a phenylmethyl group, or a phenylethyl group is particularly preferable.
- the cycloalkyl group may be monocyclic or polycyclic. In the latter case, the cycloalkyl group may be bridged. That is, in this case, the cycloalkyl group may have a bridged structure. A part of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group may be substituted with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom.
- the monocyclic cycloalkyl group preferably has 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- Examples of such a cycloalkyl group include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclobutyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- Examples of the polycyclic cycloalkyl group include groups having a bicyclo, tricyclo or tetracyclo structure.
- the polycyclic cycloalkyl group preferably has 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Examples of such a cycloalkyl group include an adamantyl group, norbornyl group, isobornyl group, camphanyl group, dicyclopentyl group, ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ -pinanyl group, tricyclodecanyl group, tetocyclododecyl group and androstanyl group.
- Examples of the aralkyl group in L 1 , L 2 and Z 2 include those having 7 to 15 carbon atoms such as benzyl group and phenethyl group.
- aralkyl groups may further have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an acyl group, an acylamino group, a sulfonylamino group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, and an aralkylthio group.
- the aralkyl group having a substituent include an alkoxybenzyl group, a hydroxybenzyl group, and a phenylthiophenethyl group.
- carbon number of the substituent which these aralkyl groups may have is preferably 12 or less.
- Examples of the 5-membered or 6-membered ring that can be formed by bonding Z 2 and L 1 to each other include a tetrahydropyran ring and a tetrahydrofuran ring. Of these, a tetrahydropyran ring is particularly preferred.
- Z 2 is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group. Thereby, the effect of the present invention becomes more remarkable.
- the specific example of the repeating unit represented by general formula (A1) below is given, it is not limited to these.
- X is hydrogen atom, alkyl group, hydroxyl group, alkoxy group, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, acyl group, acyloxy group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkyloxy group, aryl group, carboxy group, alkyl as described above.
- An oxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group or an aralkyl group is represented.
- the alkyl group as X may have a substituent and may be linear or branched.
- the linear alkyl group preferably has 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, and an n-pentyl group.
- the branched alkyl group preferably has 3 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 20 carbon atoms, such as i-propyl group, i-butyl group, t-butyl group, i-pentyl group, t-pentyl group, Examples include i-hexyl group, t-hexyl group, i-heptyl group, t-heptyl group, i-octyl group, t-octyl group, i-nonyl group, t-decyl group and the like.
- the alkoxy group as X may have a substituent, for example, the above alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, for example, methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group And a cyclohexyloxy group.
- halogen atom as X examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferred.
- the acyl group as X may have a substituent, for example, an acyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, specifically, a formyl group, acetyl group, propanoyl group, butanoyl group, pivaloyl group Preferred examples include benzoyl group.
- the acyloxy group as X may have a substituent, and is preferably an acyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- An oxy group, an octanoyloxy group, a benzoyloxy group, etc. can be mentioned.
- the cycloalkyl group as X may have a substituent, may be monocyclic, polycyclic, or bridged.
- the cycloalkyl group may have a bridged structure.
- the monocyclic type is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclobutyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- Examples of the polycyclic type include groups having a bicyclo, tricyclo, tetracyclo structure or the like having 5 or more carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable, for example, an adamantyl group, norbornyl group, isobornyl group, Examples thereof include a camphanyl group, a dicyclopentyl group, an ⁇ -pinel group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetocyclododecyl group, and an androstanyl group.
- a part of carbon atoms in the cycloalkyl group may be substituted with a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom.
- the aryl group as X may have a substituent and preferably has 6 to 14 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a xylyl group, a toluyl group, a cumenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group. .
- the alkyloxycarbonyl group as X may have a substituent and preferably has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, and a propoxycarbonyl group.
- the alkylcarbonyloxy group as X may have a substituent and preferably has 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methylcarbonyloxy group and an ethylcarbonyloxy group.
- the aralkyl group as X may have a substituent, and is preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, a benzyl group.
- the alkyl group, alkoxy group, acyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, alkyloxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyloxy group, and aralkyl group that X may further have include an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group.
- a 2 represents a group capable of leaving by the action of an acid as described above. That is, the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) has a group represented by “—COOA 2 ” as an acid-decomposable group.
- the A 2 for example, those previously described for A 1 in the general formula (A1) similar to the.
- a 2 is preferably a hydrocarbon group (preferably having a carbon number of 20 or less, more preferably 4 to 12), and a t-butyl group, a t-amyl group, or a hydrocarbon group having an alicyclic structure (for example, an alicyclic group).
- the group itself and a group in which an alicyclic group is substituted on the alkyl group) are more preferable.
- a 2 is preferably a tertiary alkyl group or a tertiary cycloalkyl group.
- the alicyclic structure may be monocyclic or polycyclic. Specific examples include monocyclo, bicyclo, tricyclo, and tetracyclo structures having 5 or more carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms is preferably 6-30, and particularly preferably 7-25. These hydrocarbon groups having an alicyclic structure may have a substituent. Examples of the alicyclic structure include alicyclic structures described in paragraphs [0264] to [0265] of JP2013-83966A.
- the alicyclic structure is preferably a monovalent alicyclic group as an adamantyl group, a noradamantyl group, a decalin residue, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group, or a norbornyl group.
- cedrol group cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclodecanyl group, and cyclododecanyl group.
- Examples of the substituent that the alicyclic ring may have include an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, and an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably a lower alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group or a butyl group, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or an isopropyl group.
- Examples of the alkoxy group include those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, and a butoxy group.
- the alkyl group and alkoxy group may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent further possessed by the alkyl group and alkoxy group include a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom and an alkoxy
- R 11 represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group or a sec-butyl group
- Z represents an alicyclic hydrocarbon group together with a carbon atom. Represents the necessary atomic group.
- R 12 to R 16 each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of R 12 to R 14 , or Either R 15 or R 16 represents an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
- R 17 to R 21 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, provided that at least one of R 17 to R 21 Represents an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
- R 19 or R 21 represents a linear or branched alkyl group or alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 22 to R 25 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, provided that at least one of R 22 to R 25 Represents an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
- R 23 and R 24 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the alkyl group for R 12 to R 25 may be either substituted or unsubstituted, and is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms Represents.
- the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, and a t-butyl group.
- substituent for the alkyl group examples include an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a halogen atom (a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom), an acyl group, an acyloxy group, a cyano group, a hydroxyl group, and a carboxy group. , Alkoxycarbonyl group, nitro group and the like.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group in R 11 to R 25 or the alicyclic hydrocarbon group formed by Z and a carbon atom include those described above as the alicyclic structure.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following formula.
- repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) is preferably a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A3) in another embodiment.
- AR represents an aryl group.
- Rn represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group. Rn and AR may be bonded to each other to form a non-aromatic ring.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyloxycarbonyl group.
- the repeating unit represented by formula (A3) will be described in detail.
- AR represents an aryl group as described above.
- the aryl group for AR is preferably a group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, or a fluorene group, and more preferably a group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms.
- AR is a naphthyl group, anthryl group or fluorene group
- this carbon atom may be bonded to the ⁇ -position of the naphthyl group or may be bonded to the ⁇ -position.
- AR is an anthryl group
- this carbon atom may be bonded to the 1-position, the 2-position, or the 9-position of the anthryl group.
- the aryl group as AR may have one or more substituents.
- substituents include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, octyl group and dodecyl group.
- a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms and an alkoxy group containing the alkyl group moiety are preferable, and a paramethyl group
- the aryl group as AR has a plurality of substituents
- at least two of the plurality of substituents may be bonded to each other to form a ring.
- the ring is preferably a 5- to 8-membered ring, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- this ring may be a heterocycle containing a heteroatom such as an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom as a ring member.
- this ring may have a substituent.
- this substituent the thing similar to what is mentioned later about the substituent which Rn may have is mentioned.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A3) preferably contains two or more aromatic rings from the viewpoint of roughness performance.
- the number of aromatic rings contained in this repeating unit is usually preferably 5 or less, and more preferably 3 or less.
- AR preferably contains two or more aromatic rings, and AR is more preferably a naphthyl group or a biphenyl group.
- the number of aromatic rings possessed by AR is usually preferably 5 or less, and more preferably 3 or less.
- Rn represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group.
- the alkyl group of Rn may be a straight chain alkyl group or a branched chain alkyl group.
- the alkyl group is preferably a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, cyclohexyl group, octyl group, dodecyl group, etc. Examples thereof include those having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group of Rn preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and more preferably has 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group represented by Rn include those having 3 to 15 carbon atoms such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group.
- aryl group of Rn for example, those having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as phenyl group, xylyl group, toluyl group, cumenyl group, naphthyl group and anthryl group are preferable.
- Each of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group as Rn may further have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an acylamino group, a sulfonylamino group, a dialkylamino group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an aralkylthio group, and a thiophenecarbonyloxy group.
- Thiophenemethylcarbonyloxy group and heterocyclic residues such as pyrrolidone residues.
- an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, a halogen atom, a nitro group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an acylamino group, and a sulfonylamino group are particularly preferable.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyloxycarbonyl group as described above.
- alkyl group and cycloalkyl group of R include the same as those described above for Rn.
- Each of these alkyl groups and cycloalkyl groups may have a substituent. Examples of this substituent include the same as those described above for Rn.
- R is an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group having a substituent
- particularly preferable R is, for example, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyloxycarbonylmethyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxymethyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, or an alkoxymethyl group.
- R is, for example, a trifluoromethyl group, an alkyloxycarbonylmethyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxymethyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, or an alkoxymethyl group.
- halogen atom for R examples include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- a fluorine atom is particularly preferable.
- alkyl group moiety contained in the alkyloxycarbonyl group of R for example, the configuration described above as the alkyl group of R can be employed.
- Rn and AR are preferably bonded to each other to form a non-aromatic ring, and in particular, roughness performance can be further improved.
- the non-aromatic ring that may be formed by bonding Rn and AR is preferably a 5- to 8-membered ring, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring.
- the non-aromatic ring may be an aliphatic ring or a heterocycle containing a hetero atom such as an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom as a ring member.
- the non-aromatic ring may have a substituent. As this substituent, the thing similar to what was demonstrated previously about the substituent which Rn may have is mentioned, for example.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) is preferably a repeating unit of t-butyl methacrylate or ethylcyclopentyl methacrylate in one embodiment.
- Monomers corresponding to the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) are (meth) acrylic acid chloride and an alcohol compound in a solvent such as THF (tetrahydrofuran), acetone, methylene chloride, triethylamine, pyridine, DBU (diaza). It can be synthesized by esterification in the presence of a basic catalyst such as bicycloundecene. A commercially available product may be used.
- the resin (Ab) may further contain a repeating unit having a group capable of decomposing by the action of an acid to generate an alcoholic hydroxy group as an acid-decomposable group.
- a repeating unit having a group that decomposes by the action of an acid to generate an alcoholic hydroxy group include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0030] to [0071] of JP-A-2011-203644. it can.
- Resin (Ab) may further contain a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A5).
- X is a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, hydroxyl group, alkoxy group, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, acyl group, acyloxy group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, carboxyl group, alkyloxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyloxy group, or Represents an aralkyl group and is the same as X in formula (A2b).
- a 4 represents a hydrocarbon group that is not eliminated by the action of an acid.
- examples of the hydrocarbon group that is not eliminated by the action of the acid A 4 include hydrocarbon groups other than the acid-decomposable groups, such as an alkyl that is not eliminated by the action of the acid.
- a group preferably having 1 to 15 carbon atoms
- a cycloalkyl group preferably having 3 to 15 carbon atoms
- an aryl group preferably having 6 to 15 carbon atoms which is not eliminated by the action of an acid, etc.
- the hydrocarbon group that is not eliminated by the action of the acid of A 4 may be further substituted with a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or the like.
- the resin (Ab) preferably further has a repeating unit represented by the general formula (A6).
- R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, or a perfluoro group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, an aryl group, an alkoxy group or an acyl group.
- q represents an integer of 0 to 4.
- Ar represents a q + 2 valent aromatic ring.
- W represents a group or a hydrogen atom that is not decomposed by the action of an acid.
- a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring and an anthracene ring are preferable, and a benzene ring is more preferable.
- W represents a group that is not decomposed by the action of an acid (also referred to as an acid-stable group), and examples include groups other than the above-mentioned acid-decomposable groups. Specifically, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, An aryl group, an acyl group, an alkylamide group, an arylamidomethyl group, an arylamide group, etc. are mentioned.
- the acid stabilizing group is preferably an acyl group or an alkylamide group, more preferably an acyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, an alkyloxy group, a cycloalkyloxy group, or an aryloxy group.
- the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group and t-butyl group.
- the alkyl group those having 3 to 10 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclohexyl group, and adamantyl group are preferable.
- aryl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable, and an aryl group having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as a phenyl group, a xylyl group, a toluyl group, a cumenyl group, a naphthyl group, and an anthracenyl group is preferable.
- W may be at any position on the benzene ring, but is preferably a meta position or a para position of the styrene skeleton, particularly preferably a para position. Specific examples of the repeating unit represented by formula (A6) are shown below, but are not limited thereto.
- the resin (Ab) preferably further has at least one selected from repeating units represented by the following general formulas (c1) to (c5).
- each of R 10 to R 14 independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkyl group in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atom are substituted with a halogen atom, an alkoxy group, an alkanoyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- Z 2 is a methylene group, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
- the alkyl group as R 10 to R 14 preferably has 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon atom are substituted with halogen atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkoxy group as R 10 to R 14 is preferably 1 to 8.
- the alkanoyl group as R 10 to R 14 preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkoxycarbonyl group as R 10 to R 14 is preferably 2 to 8.
- the number of carbon atoms in the aryl group as R 10 to R 14 is preferably 6 to 10.
- the content of the repeating units represented by the general formulas (c1) to (c5) in the resin (Ab) is preferably 5 to 95 mol%, more preferably 5 to 60 mol%, particularly among all repeating units. Preferably, it is 5 to 30 mol%.
- the resin (Ab) preferably further has a repeating unit composed of a (meth) acrylic acid derivative that is not decomposed by the action of an acid.
- a repeating unit composed of a (meth) acrylic acid derivative that is not decomposed by the action of an acid.
- the content of the repeating unit having an acid-decomposable group in the resin (Ab) is preferably from 5 to 95 mol%, more preferably from 10 to 60 mol%, particularly preferably from 15 to 50 mol%, based on all repeating units. It is.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A1) in the resin (Ab) is preferably 0 to 90 mol%, more preferably 10 to 70 mol%, and particularly preferably 20 to 20 mol% in all repeating units. 50 mol%.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) in the resin (Ab) is preferably 0 to 90 mol%, more preferably 5 to 75 mol%, and particularly preferably 10 to 60 mol%.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A3) in the resin (Ab) is preferably from 0 to 90 mol%, more preferably from 5 to 75 mol%, particularly preferably from 10 to 10 in all repeating units. 60 mol%.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A5) in the resin (Ab) is preferably 0 to 50 mol%, more preferably 0 to 40 mol%, particularly preferably 0 to 30 mol%.
- the resin (Ab) may further have a repeating unit represented by the general formula (A6), which is preferable from the viewpoints of improving the film quality and suppressing the decrease in the film thickness of the unexposed area.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A6) is preferably 0 to 50 mol%, more preferably 0 to 40 mol%, particularly preferably 0 to 30 mol%.
- the resin (Ab) is copolymerized with other polymerizable monomers suitable so that an alkali-soluble group such as a phenolic hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group can be introduced in order to maintain good developability for an alkali developer.
- an alkali-soluble group such as a phenolic hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group
- other hydrophobic polymerizable monomers such as alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate may be copolymerized.
- the monomer corresponding to the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A2) includes (meth) acrylic acid chloride and an alcohol compound in a solvent such as THF, acetone and methylene chloride, and a basic catalyst such as triethylamine, pyridine and DBU. It can be synthesized by esterification below. A commercially available product may be used.
- the monomer corresponding to the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A1) is a hydroxy-substituted styrene monomer and a vinyl ether compound in a solvent such as THF and methylene chloride, such as p-toluenesulfonic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid pyridine salt. It can be synthesized by acetalization in the presence of an acidic catalyst or by t-Boc protection using t-butyl dicarbonate in the presence of a basic catalyst such as triethylamine, pyridine, DBU or the like. A commercially available product may be used.
- the resin (Ab) preferably contains a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (A).
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5
- m represents an integer of 0 to 4 that satisfies the relationship 1 ⁇ m + n ⁇ 5.
- n is preferably 1 or 2, more preferably 1.
- m is preferably 0 to 2, more preferably 0 or 1, and particularly preferably 0.
- S 1 represents a substituent.
- the plurality of S 1 may be the same as or different from each other.
- the substituent represented by S 1 include an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyl group, an aralkyloxy group, a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, and a nitro group.
- alkyl group and a cycloalkyl group a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a pentyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a hexyl group, a cyclohexyl group, an octyl group
- a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a dodecyl group or a cycloalkyl group is preferable. These groups may further have a substituent.
- substituents that may be included are alkyl group, alkoxy group, hydroxyl group, halogen atom, nitro group, acyl group, acyloxy group, acylamino group, sulfonylamino group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, aralkylthio group, thiophenecarbonyloxy Group, a thiophenemethylcarbonyloxy group, a heterocyclic residue such as a pyrrolidone residue, and the like, and a substituent having 12 or less carbon atoms is preferable.
- alkyl group having a substituent examples include a cyclohexylethyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxymethyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxyethyl group, a cycloalkylcarbonyloxymethyl group, a cycloalkylcarbonyloxyethyl group, an arylcarbonyloxyethyl group, and an aralkylcarbonyloxyethyl group.
- alkyl group and cycloalkyl group in these groups are not particularly limited, and may further have a substituent such as the aforementioned alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, or alkoxy group.
- alkylcarbonyloxyethyl group and cycloalkylcarbonyloxyethyl group examples include a cyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl group, a t-butylcyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl group, and an n-butylcyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl group.
- the aryl group is not particularly limited, but generally includes those having 6 to 14 carbon atoms such as phenyl group, xylyl group, toluyl group, cumenyl group, naphthyl group, anthracenyl group and the like, and further the above-mentioned alkyl group and cycloalkyl group. And may have a substituent such as an alkoxy group.
- the aryloxyethyl group include a phenyloxyethyl group, a cyclohexylphenyloxyethyl group, and the like. These groups may further have a substituent.
- Aralkyl is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a benzyl group.
- examples of the aralkylcarbonyloxyethyl group include a benzylcarbonyloxyethyl group. These groups may further have a substituent.
- Examples of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A) include the following.
- the content of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (A) in the resin (Ab) is preferably 0 to 90 mol%, more preferably 5 to 80 mol%, based on all the repeating units in the resin (Ab). More preferably, it is 10 to 70 mol%, and particularly preferably 20 to 60 mol%.
- the resin (Ab) preferably has a repeating unit described in paragraphs [0345] to [0346] of JP2013-83966A.
- the resin (Ab) is a repeating unit (B) (hereinafter referred to as “acid generating repeating unit (B)” or “repeating” having a structural site that decomposes upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation to generate an acid.
- This structural site may be, for example, a structural site that generates an acid anion in the repeating unit (B) by being decomposed by irradiation with an actinic ray or radiation, or the repeating unit (B ) May be a structural site that generates a cation structure.
- the acid generation repeating unit (B) corresponds to a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation described later.
- Preferred examples of the acid generating repeating unit (B) include the repeating units described in paragraphs [0347] to [0485] of JP2013-083966A.
- the content of the repeating unit (B) in the resin (Ab) is 0.1 to 80 mol% with respect to all the repeating units in the resin (Ab). Is more preferably 0.5 to 60 mol%, and still more preferably 1 to 40 mol%.
- the resin (Ab) when exposing the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film obtained from the composition of the present invention with an ArF excimer laser, the resin (Ab) has an aromatic ring from the viewpoint of transparency to the ArF excimer laser. It is preferable to use no resin.
- the resin (Ab) preferably further has a repeating unit having at least one group selected from a lactone group, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and an alkali-soluble group.
- the repeating unit having a lactone group that can be contained in the resin (Ab) will be described. Any lactone group can be used as long as it has a lactone structure, but a 5- to 7-membered ring lactone structure is preferable, and a bicyclo structure or a spiro structure is formed in the 5- to 7-membered ring lactone structure.
- the other ring structure is preferably condensed. It is more preferable to have a repeating unit having a lactone structure represented by any of the following general formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-16).
- the lactone structure may be directly bonded to the main chain.
- Preferred lactone structures are (LC1-1), (LC1-4), (LC1-5), (LC1-6), (LC1-13), (LC1-14), and a specific lactone structure should be used. LER becomes better.
- the lactone structure portion may or may not have a substituent (Rb 2 ).
- Preferred substituents (Rb 2 ) include an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a carboxyl group. , Halogen atom, hydroxyl group, cyano group, acid-decomposable group and the like. More preferred are an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a cyano group, and an acid-decomposable group.
- n 2 represents an integer of 0 to 4. When n 2 is 2 or more, a plurality of substituents (Rb 2 ) may be the same or different, and a plurality of substituents (Rb 2 ) may be bonded to form a ring. .
- Examples of the repeating unit having a lactone structure represented by any one of the general formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-16) include a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (AII).
- Rb 0 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- Examples of the halogen atom for Rb 0 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- Preferred are a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, and a trifluoromethyl group, and a hydrogen atom and a methyl group are particularly preferred.
- Ab represents a single bond, an alkylene group, a divalent linking group having a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon structure, an ether group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, or a divalent linking group obtained by combining these.
- it is a single bond or a divalent linking group represented by —Ab 1 —CO 2 —.
- Ab 1 is a linear, branched alkylene group, monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkylene group, preferably a methylene group, an ethylene group, a cyclohexylene group, an adamantylene group or a norbornylene group.
- V represents a group having a structure represented by any one of formulas (LC1-1) to (LC1-16).
- the repeating unit having a lactone group usually has an optical isomer, but any optical isomer may be used.
- One optical isomer may be used alone, or a plurality of optical isomers may be mixed and used.
- the optical purity (ee) thereof is preferably 90 or more, more preferably 95 or more.
- the content of the repeating unit having a lactone group is preferably from 15 to 60 mol%, more preferably from 20 to 50 mol%, still more preferably from 30 to 50 mol%, based on all repeating units in the resin (Ab). .
- Specific examples of the repeating unit having a lactone group are listed below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the resin (Ab) preferably has a repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. This improves the substrate adhesion and developer compatibility.
- the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably a repeating unit having an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure substituted with a hydroxyl group or a cyano group.
- the alicyclic hydrocarbon structure in the alicyclic hydrocarbon structure substituted with a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably an adamantyl group, a diamantyl group, or a norbornane group.
- As the alicyclic hydrocarbon structure substituted with a preferred hydroxyl group or cyano group partial structures represented by the following general formulas (VIIa) to (VIId) are preferred.
- R 2 c to R 4 c each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. However, at least one of R 2 c to R 4 c represents a hydroxyl group or a cyano group. Preferably, one or two of R 2 c to R 4 c are a hydroxyl group and the rest are hydrogen atoms. In general formula (VIIa), more preferably, two of R 2 c to R 4 c are a hydroxyl group and the rest are hydrogen atoms.
- repeating unit having a partial structure represented by general formulas (VIIa) to (VIId) examples include repeating units represented by the following general formulas (AIIa) to (AIId).
- R 1 c represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group or a hydroxymethyl group.
- R 2 c ⁇ R 4 c is in the general formula (VIIa) ⁇ (VIIc), the same meanings as R 2 c ⁇ R 4 c.
- the content of the repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group is preferably 5 to 40 mol%, more preferably 5 to 30 mol%, still more preferably 10 to 25 mol%, based on all repeating units in the resin (Ab). It is.
- repeating unit having a hydroxyl group or a cyano group are listed below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Resin (Ab) preferably has a repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group.
- the alkali-soluble group include a carboxyl group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, a bisulsulfonylimide group, and an aliphatic alcohol (for example, hexafluoroisopropanol group) substituted with an electron-attracting group at the ⁇ -position. It is more preferable to have a repeating unit. By containing the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group, the resolution in contact hole applications is increased.
- the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group includes a repeating unit in which an alkali-soluble group is directly bonded to the main chain of the resin, such as a repeating unit of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or an alkali in the main chain of the resin through a linking group.
- a repeating unit to which a soluble group is bonded, or a polymerization initiator having an alkali-soluble group or a chain transfer agent is introduced at the end of the polymer chain at the time of polymerization is preferred, and the linking group is monocyclic or polycyclic. It may have a cyclic hydrocarbon structure. Particularly preferred are repeating units of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- the content of the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group is preferably from 0 to 20 mol%, more preferably from 3 to 15 mol%, still more preferably from 5 to 10 mol%, based on all repeating units in the resin (Ab). is there.
- Specific examples of the repeating unit having an alkali-soluble group are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Resin (Ab) may further have a repeating unit that has an alicyclic hydrocarbon structure and does not exhibit acid decomposability. This can reduce the elution of low molecular components from the resist film to the immersion liquid during immersion exposure.
- repeating units include repeating units of 1-adamantyl (meth) acrylate, diamantyl (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, and cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate.
- Examples of combinations of repeating units of the resin (Ab) excluding the repeating units represented by (f1) to (f4) described above are, for example, paragraphs [0527] to [0559] of JP2013-83966A.
- the combination of repeating units described in the above is preferred.
- the content rate of the repeating unit containing a fluorine atom is preferably 1 mol% or less, and more preferably does not contain a fluorine atom.
- the content of the repeating unit other than the repeating unit (B) and containing a fluorine atom is more preferably 1 mol% or less. Most preferably, no atoms are contained.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin (Ab) is preferably in the range of 1,000 to 200,000. 200,000 or less is preferable from the viewpoint of the dissolution rate and sensitivity of the resin itself with respect to alkali.
- the degree of dispersion (Mw / Mn), which is the ratio of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn), is preferably 1.0 to 3.0, more preferably 1.0 to 2.5. Particularly preferred is 1.0 to 2.0.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the resin is preferably in the range of 1,000 to 200,000, more preferably in the range of 1,000 to 100,000, and particularly preferably 1,000. It is in the range of ⁇ 50,000, and most preferably in the range of 1,000 to 25,000.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the number average molecular weight (Mn) are defined as polystyrene conversion values determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a developing solvent (hereinafter referred to as the following). The same).
- Resin (Ab) having a dispersity of 2.0 or less can be synthesized by performing radical polymerization using an azo polymerization initiator. Further preferred resin (Ab) having a dispersity of 1.0 to 1.5 can be synthesized by living radical polymerization, for example.
- the resin (Ab) is preferably polymerized by a known anionic polymerization method or radical polymerization method.
- the anionic polymerization method is usually performed at a temperature of ⁇ 100 to 90 ° C. in an organic solvent under an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon using an alkali metal or an organic alkali metal as a polymerization initiator.
- a block copolymer is obtained by sequentially adding monomers to the reaction system for polymerization, and a random copolymer is obtained by adding a mixture of monomers to the reaction system for polymerization. can get.
- alkali metal of the polymerization initiator examples include lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium and the like
- organic alkali metal examples include alkylated products, allylated products and arylated products of the alkali metals, specifically Is ethyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium, tert-butyl lithium, ethyl sodium, lithium biphenyl, lithium naphthalene, lithium triphenyl, sodium naphthalene, ⁇ -methylstyrene sodium dianion, 1,1-diphenylhexyl lithium 1,1-diphenyl-3-methylpentyl lithium and the like.
- the radical polymerization method uses known radical polymerization initiators such as azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azobisisovaleronitrile; organic peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide and cumene hydroperoxide; If necessary, a known chain transfer agent such as 1-dodecanethiol is used in combination with an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon in an organic solvent at a temperature of 50 to 200 ° C.
- an organic solvent a conventionally known organic solvent can be used, and examples thereof include the organic solvents described in paragraph [0493] of JP2013-83966A.
- the total amount of the resin (Ab) added is generally 10 to 99% by mass, preferably 20 to 99% by mass, particularly preferably 30 to 99% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention. %.
- composition of the present invention further contains a compound that generates an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation (hereinafter also referred to as “photoacid generator”).
- the photoacid generator examples include photo-initiators of photo-cationic polymerization, photo-initiators of photo-radical polymerization, photo-decoloring agents, photo-discoloring agents, and acid by irradiation with actinic rays or radiation used in micro-resist.
- a known compound that generates a salt, and a mixture thereof can be appropriately selected and used. Examples of these include onium salts such as sulfonium salts and iodonium salts, and diazodisulfone compounds such as bis (alkylsulfonyldiazomethane).
- Preferred examples of the photoacid generator include compounds represented by the following general formulas (ZI), (ZII) and (ZIII).
- R 201 , R 202 and R 203 each independently represents an organic group.
- the organic group as R 201 , R 202 and R 203 has, for example, 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 201 to R 203 may be bonded to each other via a single bond or a linking group to form a ring structure.
- the linking group in this case include an ether bond, a thioether bond, an ester bond, an amide bond, a carbonyl group, a methylene group, and an ethylene group.
- the group formed by combining two of R 201 to R 203 include alkylene groups such as a butylene group and a pentylene group.
- R 201 , R 202 and R 203 include corresponding groups in the compound (ZI-1), (ZI-2) or (ZI-3) described later.
- X ⁇ represents a non-nucleophilic anion.
- Examples of X ⁇ include a sulfonate anion, a bis (alkylsulfonyl) amide anion, a tris (alkylsulfonyl) methide anion, BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 —, and SbF 6 — .
- X ⁇ is preferably an organic anion containing a carbon atom.
- Preferred organic anions include, for example, organic anions represented by AN1 to AN3 below.
- Rc 1 to Rc 3 each independently represents an organic group.
- the organic group include those having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and preferably an alkyl group, an aryl group, or a group in which a plurality of these groups are linked through a linking group.
- the linking group include a single bond, —O—, —CO 2 —, —S—, —SO 3 —, and —SO 2 N (Rd 1 ) —.
- Rd 1 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and may form a ring structure with a bonded alkyl group or aryl group.
- the organic group of Rc 1 to Rc 3 may be an alkyl group substituted at the 1-position with a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group, or a phenyl group substituted with a fluorine atom or a fluoroalkyl group.
- Rc 1 to Rc 3 may be bonded to other alkyl groups and aryl groups to form a ring structure.
- a sulfonate anion represented by the following general formula (SA1) or (SA2) can be mentioned.
- Ar 1 represents an aryl group, and may further have a substituent other than a — (DB) group.
- n represents an integer of 1 or more. n is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2 to 3, and most preferably 3.
- D represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group is an ether group, a thioether group, a carbonyl group, a sulfoxide group, a sulfone group, a sulfonic acid ester group or an ester group.
- B represents a hydrocarbon group.
- Xf each independently represents a fluorine atom or an alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, or an alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, and each of R 1 and R 2 when there are a plurality of R 1 and R 2 May be the same as or different from each other.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group, and when there are a plurality of L, they may be the same as or different from each other.
- E represents a group having a cyclic structure.
- x represents an integer of 1 to 20
- y represents an integer of 0 to 10
- z represents an integer of 0 to 10.
- Ar 1 is preferably an aromatic ring having 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Ar 1 is, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a pentalene ring, an indene ring, an azulene ring, a heptalene ring, an indecene ring, a perylene ring, a pentacene ring, an acetaphthalene ring, a phenanthrene ring, an anthracene ring, a naphthacene ring, Chrysene ring, triphenylene ring, fluorene ring, biphenyl ring, pyrrole ring, furan ring, thiophene ring, imidazole ring, oxazole ring, thiazole ring, pyridine
- a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring or an anthracene ring is preferable, and a benzene ring is more preferable, from the viewpoint of achieving both roughness improvement and high sensitivity.
- Ar 1 further has a substituent other than the — (DB) group
- substituents include the following. That is, as this substituent, halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom; alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group and tert-butoxy group; aryloxy groups such as phenoxy group and p-tolyloxy group Alkylthioxy groups such as methylthioxy, ethylthioxy and tert-butylthioxy groups; arylthioxy groups such as phenylthioxy and p-tolylthioxy groups; alkoxy or aryl such as methoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl and phenoxycarbonyl groups; Loxycarbonyl group; acetoxy group; straight chain alkyl group or branched alkyl group such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, hept
- D is preferably a single bond, an ether group or an ester group. More preferably, D is a single bond.
- B is, for example, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, or a cycloalkyl group.
- B is preferably an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- the alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group or cycloalkyl group as B may have a substituent.
- the alkyl group as B is preferably a branched alkyl group.
- Examples of the branched alkyl group include isopropyl group, tert-butyl group, tert-pentyl group, neopentyl group, sec-butyl group, isobutyl group, isohexyl group, 3,3-dimethylpentyl group and 2-ethylhexyl group. It is done.
- the cycloalkyl group as B may be a monocyclic cycloalkyl group or a polycyclic cycloalkyl group.
- Examples of the monocyclic cycloalkyl group include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, and a cyclooctyl group.
- polycyclic cycloalkyl group examples include adamantyl group, norbornyl group, bornyl group, camphenyl group, decahydronaphthyl group, tricyclodecanyl group, tetracyclodecanyl group, camphoroyl group, dicyclohexyl group and pinenyl group. Can be mentioned.
- alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group or cycloalkyl group as B has a substituent
- substituents include the following. That is, as this substituent, halogen atoms such as fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom and iodine atom; alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group and tert-butoxy group; aryloxy groups such as phenoxy group and p-tolyloxy group Alkylthioxy groups such as methylthioxy, ethylthioxy and tert-butylthioxy groups; arylthioxy groups such as phenylthioxy and p-tolylthioxy groups; alkoxycarbonyl groups such as methoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl and phenoxycarbonyl Acetoxy group; straight chain alkyl group such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, hept
- Xf is a fluorine atom or an alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom is preferably a perfluoroalkyl group.
- Xf is preferably a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Specifically, Xf is preferably a fluorine atom, CF 3 , C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7 , C 4 F 9 , C 5 F 11 , C 6 F 13 , C 7 F 15 , C 8 F 17, CH 2 CF 3, CH 2 CH 2 CF 3, CH 2 C 2 F 5, CH 2 CH 2 C 2 F 5, CH 2 C 3 F 7, CH 2 CH 2 C 3 F 7, CH 2 C 4 F 9 or CH 2 CH 2 C 4 F 9 . Among these, a fluorine atom or CF 3 is preferable, and a fluorine atom is most preferable.
- each of R 1 and R 2 is a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, and an alkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group which may be substituted with a fluorine atom is preferably one having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Further, the alkyl group substituted with a fluorine atom is particularly preferably a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- CF 3 C 2 F 5 , C 3 F 7 , C 4 F 9 , C 5 F 11 , C 6 F 13 , C 7 F 15 , C 8 F 17 , CH 2 CF 3 , CH 2 CH 2 CF 3, CH 2 C 2 F 5, CH 2 CH 2 C 2 F 5, CH 2 C 3 F 7, CH 2 CH 2 C 3 F 7, CH 2 C 4 F 9 or CH 2 CH 2 C 4 F 9 is mentioned, and among them, CF 3 is preferable.
- x is preferably 1 to 8, and more preferably 1 to 4.
- y is preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0.
- z is preferably 0 to 8, and more preferably 0 to 4.
- L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- the divalent linking group include —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO 2 —, an alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, and an alkenylene group. It is done. Among these, —COO—, —OCO—, —CO—, —O—, —S—, —SO— or —SO 2 — is preferable, and —COO—, —OCO— or —SO 2 — is more preferable.
- E represents a group having a ring structure.
- E include a cyclic aliphatic group, an aryl group, and a group having a heterocyclic structure.
- the cycloaliphatic group as E may have a monocyclic structure or a polycyclic structure.
- monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cyclooctyl group are preferable.
- the cycloaliphatic group having a polycyclic structure is preferably a polycyclic cycloalkyl group such as a norbornyl group, a tricyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclodecanyl group, a tetracyclododecanyl group or an adamantyl group.
- the aryl group as E is, for example, a benzene ring, naphthalene ring, phenanthrene ring or anthracene ring.
- the group having a heterocyclic structure as E may have aromaticity or may not have aromaticity.
- the heteroatom contained in this group is preferably a nitrogen atom or an oxygen atom.
- Specific examples of the heterocyclic structure include a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a benzofuran ring, a benzothiophene ring, a dibenzofuran ring, a dibenzothiophene ring, a pyridine ring, a piperidine ring, and a morpholine ring.
- a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, a piperidine ring, and a morpholine ring are preferable.
- E may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (which may be linear, branched or cyclic, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms), an aryl group (preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms), a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group.
- alkyl group which may be linear, branched or cyclic, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms
- aryl group preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- a hydroxy group preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- alkoxy group preferably 6 to 14 carbon atoms
- SA1 sulfonate anion represented by the general formula (SA1) or (SA2)
- SA2 sulfonate anion represented by the general formula (SA1) or (SA2)
- a compound having a plurality of structures represented by the general formula (ZI) may be used.
- at least one of the general formula (ZI) by R 201 ⁇ R 203 of the compound represented, at least one coupling structure of R 201 ⁇ R 203 of another compound represented by formula (ZI) It may be a compound.
- More preferred (ZI) components include compounds (ZI-1) to (ZI-4) described below.
- the compound (ZI-1) at least one of R 201 to R 203 in the above general formula (ZI) is an aryl group. That is, the compound (ZI-1) is an arylsulfonium compound, that is, a compound having arylsulfonium as a cation.
- the compound (ZI-1), all of R 201 ⁇ R 203 is may be an aryl group or a part of R 201 ⁇ R 203 is an aryl group, except they may be an alkyl group. Note that when the compound (ZI-1) has a plurality of aryl groups, these aryl groups may be the same as or different from each other.
- Examples of the compound (ZI-1) include triarylsulfonium compounds, diarylalkylsulfonium compounds, and aryldialkylsulfonium compounds.
- a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or a heteroaryl group such as an indole residue and a pyrrole residue is preferable, and a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, or an indole residue is particularly preferable.
- the alkyl group that the compound (ZI-1) optionally has is preferably a straight-chain, branched or cycloalkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, n- Examples thereof include a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a t-butyl group, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, and a cyclohexyl group.
- aryl groups and alkyl groups may have a substituent.
- substituents include an alkyl group (preferably having a carbon number of 1 to 15), an aryl group (preferably having a carbon number of 6 to 14), an alkoxy group (preferably having a carbon number of 1 to 15), a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group and phenylthio. Groups.
- Preferred examples of the substituent include a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and a linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Particularly preferred substituents include alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- the substituent may be substituted with any one of the three R 201 to R 203 , or may be substituted with all three. When R 201 to R 203 are phenyl groups, the substituent is preferably substituted at the p-position of the aryl group.
- one or two of R 201 , R 202 and R 203 is an aryl group which may have a substituent, and the remaining group is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group. preferable.
- Specific examples of this structure include the structures described in paragraphs 0141 to 0153 of JP-A-2004-210670.
- aryl group specifically, the same as the aryl group of R 201, R 202 and R 203, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group is preferable.
- the aryl group preferably has any one of a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, and an alkyl group as a substituent.
- substituent an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is more preferable, and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group as the remaining group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. These groups may further have a substituent. In addition, when two of the remaining groups are present, these two may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- Compound (ZI-1) is, for example, a compound represented by the following general formula (ZI-1A).
- R 13 represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyloxy group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- R 14 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylsulfonyl group or a cycloalkylsulfonyl group.
- R 15 each independently represents an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group. Two R 15 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure. l represents an integer of 0-2. r represents an integer of 0 to 8. X ⁇ represents a non-nucleophilic anion, and examples thereof include the same as X ⁇ in the general formula (ZI).
- the alkyl group for R 13 , R 14 or R 15 may be a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group.
- This alkyl group is preferably one having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, 2-methylpropyl group, 1-methylpropyl group. , T-butyl group, n-pentyl group, neopentyl group, n-hexyl group, n-heptyl group, n-octyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, n-nonyl group and n-decyl group.
- a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-butyl group, and a t-butyl group are particularly preferable.
- Examples of the cycloalkyl group represented by R 13 , R 14 or R 15 include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclododecanyl, cyclobenenyl, cyclohexenyl and cyclooctadienyl groups. Can be mentioned. Of these, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cyclooctyl groups are particularly preferred.
- alkyl group moiety of the alkoxy group of R 13 or R 14 examples include those enumerated above as the alkyl group of R 13 , R 14 or R 15 .
- alkoxy group a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propoxy group, and an n-butoxy group are particularly preferable.
- this cycloalkyloxy group a cyclopentyloxy group and a cyclohexyloxy group are particularly preferable.
- alkoxy group moiety of the alkoxycarbonyl group R 13 for example, those previously described as alkoxy groups R 13 or R 14.
- alkoxycarbonyl group a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, and an n-butoxycarbonyl group are particularly preferable.
- alkylsulfonyl group or cycloalkylsulfonyl group a methanesulfonyl group, an ethanesulfonyl group, an n-propanesulfonyl group, an n-butanesulfonyl group, a cyclopentanesulfonyl group, and a cyclohexanesulfonyl group are particularly preferable.
- L is preferably 0 or 1, more preferably 1.
- r is preferably 0-2.
- Each group of R 13 , R 14 and R 15 may further have a substituent.
- substituents include halogen atoms such as fluorine atoms, hydroxy groups, carboxy groups, cyano groups, nitro groups, alkoxy groups, cycloalkyloxy groups, alkoxyalkyl groups, cycloalkyloxyalkyl groups, alkoxycarbonyl groups, cyclocarbonyls, Examples include an alkyloxycarbonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, and a cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy group.
- the alkoxy group may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the alkoxy group include 1 carbon number such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, i-propoxy group, n-butoxy group, 2-methylpropoxy group, 1-methylpropoxy group, and t-butoxy group. ⁇ 20.
- Examples of the cycloalkyloxy group include those having 3 to 20 carbon atoms such as a cyclopentyloxy group and a cyclohexyloxy group.
- the alkoxyalkyl group may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the alkoxyalkyl group include those having 2 to 21 carbon atoms such as methoxymethyl group, ethoxymethyl group, 1-methoxyethyl group, 2-methoxyethyl group, 1-ethoxyethyl group and 2-ethoxyethyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyloxyalkyl group include those having 4 to 21 carbon atoms such as a cyclohexyloxymethyl group, a cyclopentyloxymethyl group, and a cyclohexyloxyethyl group.
- the alkoxycarbonyl group may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, n-propoxycarbonyl group, i-propoxycarbonyl group, n-butoxycarbonyl group, 2-methylpropoxycarbonyl group, 1-methylpropoxycarbonyl group and t And those having 2 to 21 carbon atoms such as butoxycarbonyl group.
- Examples of the cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group include those having 4 to 21 carbon atoms such as cyclopentyloxycarbonyl group and cyclohexyloxycarbonyl.
- the alkoxycarbonyloxy group may be linear or branched.
- Examples of the alkoxycarbonyloxy group include carbon such as methoxycarbonyloxy group, ethoxycarbonyloxy group, n-propoxycarbonyloxy group, i-propoxycarbonyloxy group, n-butoxycarbonyloxy group, and t-butoxycarbonyloxy group. Examples are those represented by formula 2 to 21.
- Examples of the cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy group include those having 4 to 21 carbon atoms such as a cyclopentyloxycarbonyloxy group and a cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy group.
- the ring structure that can be formed by bonding two R 15 to each other includes a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring, particularly preferably a 5-membered ring (that is, a tetrahydrothiophene ring) together with the S atom in the general formula (ZI-1A). ) Is preferred.
- This ring structure may further have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxyalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, and an alkoxycarbonyloxy group.
- R 15 a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a divalent group in which two R 15 are bonded to each other to form a tetrahydrothiophene ring structure together with a sulfur atom are particularly preferable.
- Alkyl groups R 13, cycloalkyl group, alkoxy group and alkoxycarbonyl group, alkyl group of R 14, cycloalkyl group, alkoxy group, alkylsulfonyl group and cycloalkylsulfonyl group may further have a substituent .
- a substituent a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, and a halogen atom (particularly a fluorine atom) are preferable.
- Compound (ZI-2) is a compound in the case where R 201 to R 203 in formula (ZI) each independently represents an organic group not containing an aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring includes an aromatic ring containing a hetero atom.
- the organic group not containing an aromatic ring as R 201 to R 203 has, for example, 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 201 to R 203 are preferably each independently an alkyl group, a 2-oxoalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonylmethyl group, an allyl group, or a vinyl group.
- a linear, branched or cyclic 2-oxoalkyl group or an alkoxycarbonylmethyl group is more preferable, and a linear or branched 2-oxoalkyl group is particularly preferable.
- the alkyl group as R 201 to R 203 may be linear, branched or cyclic, and preferred examples include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (eg, methyl group, Ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group or pentyl group) and cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 10 carbon atoms (cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group or norbornyl group).
- the 2-oxoalkyl group as R 201 to R 203 may be linear, branched or cyclic, and preferably includes a group having> C ⁇ O at the 2-position of the alkyl group. .
- Preferable examples of the alkoxy group in the alkoxycarbonylmethyl group as R 201 to R 203 include an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, butoxy group, pentoxy group).
- R 201 to R 203 may be further substituted with, for example, a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (eg, having 1 to 5 carbon atoms), a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, and / or a nitro group.
- R 201 to R 203 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- This ring structure may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester bond, an amide bond and / or a carbonyl group in the ring.
- Examples of the group formed by combining two of R 201 to R 203 include an alkylene group (eg, a butylene group or a pentylene group).
- the compound (ZI-3) is a compound represented by the following general formula (ZI-3), and is a compound having a phenacylsulfonium salt structure.
- R 1c to R 5c each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group or a halogen atom.
- the alkyl group and alkoxy group preferably have 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 6c and R 7c represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R x and R y each independently represents an alkyl group, a 2-oxoalkyl group, an alkoxycarbonylmethyl group, an allyl group or a vinyl group. These atomic groups preferably have 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- R 1c to R 7c may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- R x and R y may be bonded to form a ring structure.
- These ring structures may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, an ester bond and / or an amide bond.
- the compound (ZI-4) is a compound having a cation represented by the following general formula (ZI-4). This compound (ZI-4) is effective in suppressing outgassing.
- R 1 to R 13 each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent. At least one of R 1 to R 13 is preferably a substituent containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group.
- alcoholic hydroxyl group means a hydroxyl group bonded to a carbon atom of an alkyl group.
- Z is a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- R 1 to R 13 are substituents containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group
- R 1 to R 13 are preferably groups represented by — (W—Y).
- Y is an alkyl group substituted with a hydroxyl group
- W is a single bond or a divalent linking group.
- alkyl group represented by Y include an ethyl group, a propyl group, and an isopropyl group.
- Y particularly preferably includes a structure represented by —CH 2 CH 2 OH.
- the divalent linking group represented by W is not particularly limited, but preferably a single bond, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an acylamino group, an alkyl and arylsulfonylamino group, an alkylthio group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an acyl group, A divalent group in which an arbitrary hydrogen atom in an alkoxycarbonyl group or a carbamoyl group is replaced by a single bond, and more preferably an arbitrary hydrogen atom in a single bond, an acyloxy group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an acyl group or an alkoxycarbonyl group. It is a divalent group replaced by a single bond.
- R 1 to R 13 are substituents containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group
- the number of carbon atoms contained is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 6, and particularly preferably 2 to 4.
- the substituent containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group as R 1 to R 13 may have two or more alcoholic hydroxyl groups.
- the number of alcoholic hydroxyl groups having a substituent containing an alcoholic hydroxyl group as R 1 to R 13 is 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 3, and more preferably 1.
- the number of alcoholic hydroxyl groups of the compound represented by the general formula (ZI-4) is 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 3 in total for R 1 to R 13. is there.
- R 1 to R 13 do not contain an alcoholic hydroxyl group
- substituents as R 1 to R 13 include a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkynyl group, and an aryl group.
- R 1 to R 13 are preferably a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an aryl group, Cyano group, carboxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, acylamino group, aminocarbonylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, sulfamoylamino group, alkyl and arylsulfonylamino Group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, sulfamoyl group, alkyl and arylsulfonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group, imide group, sily
- R 1 to R 13 are more preferably a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, an acylamino group, An aminocarbonylamino group, an alkoxycarbonylamino group, an alkyl and arylsulfonylamino group, an alkylthio group, a sulfamoyl group, an alkyl and arylsulfonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group or a carbamoyl group.
- R 1 to R 13 do not contain an alcoholic hydroxyl group
- R 1 to R 13 are particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom or an alkoxy group.
- R 1 to R 13 may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure.
- This ring structure includes aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbon rings and heterocycles. These ring structures may be further combined to form a condensed ring.
- the compound (ZI-4) preferably has a structure in which at least one of R 1 to R 13 contains an alcoholic hydroxyl group, and more preferably at least one of R 9 to R 13 is alcoholic. It has a structure containing a hydroxyl group.
- Z represents a single bond or a divalent linking group as described above.
- the divalent linking group include an alkylene group, an arylene group, a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a carbonyloxy group, a carbonylamino group, a sulfonylamide group, an ether group, a thioether group, an amino group, a disulfide group, an acyl group, Examples thereof include an alkylsulfonyl group, —CH ⁇ CH—, an aminocarbonylamino group, and an aminosulfonylamino group.
- This divalent linking group may have a substituent.
- substituents include those similar to those listed above for R 1 to R 13 .
- Z is preferably a single bond, an alkylene group, an arylene group, an ether group, a thioether group, an amino group, —CH ⁇ CH—, a bond having no electron withdrawing property such as an aminocarbonylamino group and an aminosulfonylamino group, or A group, more preferably a single bond, an ether group or a thioether group, and particularly preferably a single bond.
- R 204 to R 207 each independently represents an aryl group, an alkyl group, or a cycloalkyl group. These aryl group, alkyl group and cycloalkyl group may have a substituent.
- Preferable examples of the aryl group as R 204 to R 207 include the same groups as those enumerated above for R 201 to R 203 in the compound (ZI-1).
- Preferable examples of the alkyl group and cycloalkyl group as R 204 to R 207 include the linear, branched or cycloalkyl groups listed above for R 201 to R 203 in compound (ZI-2).
- photoacid generator examples include compounds represented by the following general formula (ZIV), (ZV) or (ZVI).
- Ar 3 and Ar 4 each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
- R 208 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group independently in the general formulas (ZV) and (ZVI). These alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group may be substituted or unsubstituted. These groups are preferably substituted with a fluorine atom. If it carries out like this, it will become possible to raise the intensity
- R 209 and R 210 each independently represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an electron withdrawing group. These alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group and electron withdrawing group may be substituted or unsubstituted.
- Preferable R 209 includes a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.
- Preferable R 210 includes an electron withdrawing group. As this electron withdrawing group, Preferably, a cyano group and a fluoroalkyl group are mentioned.
- A represents an alkylene group, an alkenylene group or an arylene group. These alkylene group, alkenylene group and arylene group may have a substituent.
- a compound having a plurality of structures represented by the general formula (ZVI) is also preferable as the photoacid generator.
- Such compounds for example, binding to R 209 or R 210 of the compound represented by the general formula (ZVI), and the R 209 or R 210 of another compound represented by the general formula (ZVI) together And a compound having the above structure.
- photoacid generator compounds represented by general formulas (ZI) to (ZIII) are more preferable, compounds represented by general formula (ZI) are more preferable, and compounds (ZI-1) to (ZI-3) are more preferable. Is particularly preferred.
- a compound having a group that decomposes by the action of an acid and increases the solubility in an alkali developer can be preferably used.
- Examples of such an acid generator include compounds described in JP-A-2005-97254, JP-A-2007-196992, and the like.
- photoacid generator examples include compounds B-1 to B-183 described in paragraphs [0665] to [0682] of JP2013-83966A, and paragraphs [0683] to [0686].
- the compounds of (Y-1) to (Y-75) described in the above are preferred, but the present invention is not limited to these.
- a photo-acid generator may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. In the latter case, it is preferable to combine two types of compounds that generate two kinds of organic acids whose total number of atoms excluding hydrogen atoms is 2 or more.
- the content of the photoacid generator is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 40% by mass, and still more preferably based on the total solid content of the composition of the present invention. Is 1 to 30% by mass.
- the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive composition of the present invention further contains one or more compounds that are decomposed by the action of an acid to generate an acid (hereinafter also referred to as “acid proliferating agent”). May be.
- the acid generated by the acid proliferating agent is preferably sulfonic acid, methide acid or imide acid.
- the content of the acid proliferating agent is preferably 0.1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 30% by mass, and still more preferably 1.0 to 20% by mass based on the total solid content of the composition. .
- the acid proliferating agent As a quantitative ratio between the acid proliferator and the acid generator (solid content of the acid proliferator based on the total solid content in the composition / solid content of the acid generator based on the total solid content in the composition) Although not particularly limited, 0.01 to 50 is preferable, 0.1 to 20 is more preferable, and 0.2 to 1.0 is particularly preferable.
- the acid proliferating agent that can be used in the present invention include the compounds described in paragraph [0690] of JP2013-83966A.
- the composition of the present invention may further contain a basic compound.
- the basic compound is preferably a compound having a stronger basicity than phenol.
- this basic compound is preferably an organic basic compound, and more preferably a nitrogen-containing basic compound.
- Nitrogen-containing basic compounds that can be used are not particularly limited. For example, “(1) represented by the general formula (BS-1) described in paragraphs [0693] to [0703] of JP2013-83966A can be used. "(2) Compounds having a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structure” described in the same paragraphs [0704] to [0705] and "(3) Phenoxy group” described in the same paragraphs [0706] to [0709].
- These basic compounds may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the molecular weight of the basic compound is usually 100 to 1500, preferably 150 to 1300, and more preferably 200 to 1000.
- the composition of the present invention contains a basic compound
- its content is preferably 0.01 to 8.0% by mass, based on the total solid content of the composition, and preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by mass. % Is more preferable, and 0.2 to 4.0% by mass is particularly preferable.
- the molar ratio of the basic compound to the photoacid generator is preferably 0.01 to 10, more preferably 0.05 to 5, and still more preferably 0.1 to 3.
- the photoacid generator in the said molar ratio is the total amount of the repeating unit (B) in resin (Ab) and a photoacid generator.
- the composition of the present invention may further contain a surfactant.
- a surfactant fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactants are particularly preferable.
- the fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactant include Megafac F176 and Megafac R08 manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, PF656 and PF6320 manufactured by OMNOVA, and Troisol S manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd. -366, Fluorard FC430 manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Limited, and polysiloxane polymer KP-341 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Surfactants other than fluorine and / or silicon may be used.
- the surfactant examples include nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers and polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ethers. In addition, known surfactants can be used as appropriate. Examples of the surfactant that can be used include surfactants described in [0273] and after in US 2008 / 0248425A1. One type of surfactant may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. When the composition of the present invention further contains a surfactant, the amount used is preferably 0.0001 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.001 to 1 based on the total solid content of the composition. Mass%.
- the composition of the present invention may contain a hydrophobic resin.
- the hydrophobic resin is preferably designed to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the resist film.
- the surfactant it is not always necessary to have a hydrophilic group in the molecule, and the polar / nonpolar substance is uniformly mixed. There is no need to contribute.
- Examples of the effect of adding the hydrophobic resin include control of the static / dynamic contact angle of the resist film surface with respect to water, suppression of outgas, and the like.
- the hydrophobic resin has at least one of “fluorine atom”, “silicon atom”, and “CH 3 partial structure contained in the side chain portion of the resin” from the viewpoint of uneven distribution in the film surface layer. It is preferable to have two or more types.
- the hydrophobic resin contains a fluorine atom and / or a silicon atom
- the fluorine atom and / or silicon atom in the hydrophobic resin may be contained in the main chain of the resin or in the side chain. It may be.
- the hydrophobic resin when it contains a fluorine atom, it may be a resin having an alkyl group having a fluorine atom, a cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom, or an aryl group having a fluorine atom as a partial structure having a fluorine atom.
- the alkyl group having a fluorine atom preferably having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms
- the cycloalkyl group having a fluorine atom is a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloalkyl group in which at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have a substituent other than a fluorine atom.
- the aryl group having a fluorine atom include those in which at least one hydrogen atom of an aryl group such as a phenyl group or a naphthyl group is substituted with a fluorine atom, and may further have a substituent other than a fluorine atom.
- Examples of the repeating unit having a fluorine atom or a silicon atom include those exemplified in paragraph 0519 of US2012 / 0251948A1.
- the hydrophobic resin preferably includes a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion.
- the CH 3 partial structure of the side chain portion in the hydrophobic resin (hereinafter also simply referred to as “side chain CH 3 partial structure”) includes a CH 3 partial structure of an ethyl group, a propyl group, or the like.
- side chain CH 3 partial structure includes a CH 3 partial structure of an ethyl group, a propyl group, or the like.
- methyl groups directly bonded to the main chain of the hydrophobic resin for example, ⁇ -methyl groups of repeating units having a methacrylic acid structure
- the hydrophobic resin includes a repeating unit derived from a monomer having a polymerizable moiety having a carbon-carbon double bond, such as a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (M)
- R 11 to R 14 are CH 3 “as is”
- the CH 3 is not included in the CH 3 partial structure of the side chain moiety in the present invention.
- CH 3 partial structure exists through some atoms from C-C backbone, and those falling under CH 3 partial structures in the present invention.
- R 11 is an ethyl group (CH 2 CH 3 )
- R 11 to R 14 each independently represents a side chain portion.
- R 11 to R 14 in the side chain portion include a hydrogen atom and a monovalent organic group.
- the monovalent organic group for R 11 to R 14 include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkyloxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylaminocarbonyl group, and a cycloalkylaminocarbonyl.
- Group, an arylaminocarbonyl group, and the like, and these groups may further have a substituent.
- the hydrophobic resin is preferably a resin having a repeating unit having a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion.
- the repeating unit represented by the following general formula (II) and the following general unit It is more preferable to have at least one repeating unit (x) among the repeating units represented by the formula (III).
- X b1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cyano group or a halogen atom
- R 2 has one or more CH 3 partial structure represents a stable organic radical to acid.
- the organic group that is stable to acid is more preferably an organic group that does not have the “acid-decomposable group” described in the resin (A).
- the alkyl group of Xb1 preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, and a trifluoromethyl group, and a methyl group is preferable.
- X b1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- R 2 include an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an aryl group, and an aralkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures.
- R 2 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures.
- the acid-stable organic group having one or more CH 3 partial structures as R 2 preferably has 2 or more and 10 or less CH 3 partial structures, and more preferably 2 or more and 8 or less.
- Preferred specific examples of the repeating unit represented by the general formula (II) are shown below. Note that the present invention is not limited to this.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (II) is preferably an acid-stable (non-acid-decomposable) repeating unit, and specifically, a group that decomposes by the action of an acid to generate a polar group. It is preferable that it is a repeating unit which does not have.
- the repeating unit represented by formula (III) will be described in detail.
- X b2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cyano group, or a halogen atom
- R 3 represents an acid-stable organic group having one or more CH 3 partial structures
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5.
- the alkyl group of Xb2 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a hydroxymethyl group, and a trifluoromethyl group, and a hydrogen atom is preferable.
- X b2 is preferably a hydrogen atom. Since R 3 is an organic group that is stable against acid, more specifically, R 3 is preferably an organic group that does not have the “acid-decomposable group” described in the resin (A).
- R 3 includes an alkyl group having one or more CH 3 partial structures.
- the acid-stable organic group having one or more CH 3 partial structures as R 3 preferably has 1 or more and 10 or less CH 3 partial structures, more preferably 1 or more and 8 or less, More preferably, it is 1 or more and 4 or less.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 5, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and still more preferably 1 or 2.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (III) is preferably an acid-stable (non-acid-decomposable) repeating unit, and specifically, a group that decomposes by the action of an acid to generate a polar group. It is preferable that it is a repeating unit which does not have.
- the repeating unit represented by the general formula (II) and the general formula (S) is preferably 90 mol% or more, more preferably 95 mol% or more, based on all repeating units of the hydrophobic resin. It is more preferable. Content is 100 mol% or less normally with respect to all the repeating units of hydrophobic resin.
- the hydrophobic resin contains at least one repeating unit (x) among the repeating units represented by the general formula (II) and the repeating unit represented by the general formula (III) as all repeating units of the hydrophobic resin.
- the surface free energy of hydrophobic resin increases by containing 90 mol% or more. As a result, the hydrophobic resin tends to be unevenly distributed on the surface of the resist film.
- the hydrophobic resin includes the following groups (x) to (z) regardless of whether (i) it contains a fluorine atom and / or a silicon atom, or (ii) contains a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion. It may have at least one group selected from (X) an acid group, (Y) a group having a lactone structure, an acid anhydride group, or an acid imide group, (Z) a group decomposable by the action of an acid
- Examples of the acid group (x) include a phenolic hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid group, a fluorinated alcohol group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonamide group, a sulfonylimide group, an (alkylsulfonyl) (alkylcarbonyl) methylene group, and an (alkylsulfonyl) (alkyl Carbonyl) imide group, bis (alkylcarbonyl) methylene group, bis (alkylcarbonyl) imide group, bis (alkylsulfonyl) methylene group, bis (alkylsulfonyl) imide group, tris (alkylcarbonyl) methylene group, tris (alkylsulfonyl) A methylene group etc. are mentioned.
- Preferred acid groups include fluorinated alcohol groups (preferably hexafluoroisopropanol), sulfonimide groups, and
- the repeating unit having an acid group (x) includes a repeating unit in which an acid group is directly bonded to the main chain of the resin, such as a repeating unit of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, or a resin having a linking group. Examples include a repeating unit in which an acid group is bonded to the main chain, and a polymerization initiator or chain transfer agent having an acid group can be introduced at the end of the polymer chain at the time of polymerization. preferable.
- the repeating unit having an acid group (x) may have at least one of a fluorine atom and a silicon atom.
- the content of the repeating unit having an acid group (x) is preferably from 1 to 50 mol%, more preferably from 3 to 35 mol%, still more preferably from 5 to 20 mol%, based on all repeating units in the hydrophobic resin. It is. Specific examples of the repeating unit having an acid group (x) are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Rx represents a hydrogen atom, CH 3 , CF 3 , or CH 2 OH.
- the group having a lactone structure As the group having a lactone structure, the acid anhydride group, or the acid imide group (y), a group having a lactone structure is particularly preferable.
- the repeating unit containing these groups is a repeating unit in which this group is directly bonded to the main chain of the resin, such as a repeating unit of acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
- this repeating unit may be a repeating unit in which this group is bonded to the main chain of the resin via a linking group.
- this repeating unit may be introduce
- Examples of the repeating unit having a group having a lactone structure include those similar to the repeating unit having a lactone structure described above in the section of the resin (A).
- the content of the repeating unit having a group having a lactone structure, an acid anhydride group, or an acid imide group is preferably 1 to 100 mol% based on all repeating units in the hydrophobic resin. It is more preferably mol%, and further preferably 5 to 95 mol%.
- Examples of the repeating unit having a group (z) capable of decomposing by the action of an acid in the hydrophobic resin include the same repeating units having an acid-decomposable group as mentioned for the resin (A).
- the repeating unit having a group (z) that decomposes by the action of an acid may have at least one of a fluorine atom and a silicon atom.
- the content of the repeating unit having a group (z) that is decomposed by the action of an acid is preferably 1 to 80 mol%, more preferably 10 to 10%, based on all repeating units in the hydrophobic resin. 80 mol%, more preferably 20 to 60 mol%.
- the fluorine atom content is preferably 5 to 80% by mass and more preferably 10 to 80% by mass with respect to the weight average molecular weight of the hydrophobic resin.
- the repeating unit containing a fluorine atom is preferably 10 to 100 mol%, more preferably 30 to 100 mol% in all repeating units contained in the hydrophobic resin.
- the content of silicon atom is preferably 2 to 50% by mass, more preferably 2 to 30% by mass with respect to the weight average molecular weight of the hydrophobic resin.
- the repeating unit containing a silicon atom is preferably 10 to 100 mol%, and more preferably 20 to 100 mol% in all repeating units contained in the hydrophobic resin.
- the hydrophobic resin contains a CH 3 partial structure in the side chain portion, it is also preferred that the hydrophobic resin does not substantially contain a fluorine atom and a silicon atom.
- the content of the repeating unit having an atom or silicon atom is preferably 5 mol% or less, more preferably 3 mol% or less, more preferably 1 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the hydrophobic resin. More preferably, it is ideally 0 mol%, ie it does not contain fluorine and silicon atoms.
- hydrophobic resin is substantially comprised only by the repeating unit comprised only by the atom chosen from a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a hydrogen atom, a nitrogen atom, and a sulfur atom. More specifically, it is preferable that the repeating unit composed only of atoms selected from a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a hydrogen atom, a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom is 95 mol% or more in the total repeating units of the hydrophobic resin. 97 mol% or more is more preferable, 99 mol% or more is further preferable, and ideally 100 mol%.
- the weight average molecular weight of the hydrophobic resin is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 1,000 to 50,000, and still more preferably 2,000 to 15,000. Moreover, the hydrophobic resin may be used alone or in combination.
- the content of the hydrophobic resin in the composition is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 8% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass with respect to the total solid content in the composition of the present invention. 7 mass% is still more preferable.
- the hydrophobic resin has a small amount of impurities such as metals, and the residual monomer and oligomer components are preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 3% by mass, 0.05 to 1% by mass is even more preferred.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn, also referred to as dispersity) is preferably in the range of 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and still more preferably from the viewpoints of resolution, resist shape, resist pattern sidewall, roughness, and the like. It is in the range of 1-2.
- hydrophobic resin various commercially available products can be used, and can be synthesized according to a conventional method (for example, radical polymerization).
- a conventional method for example, radical polymerization
- a monomer polymerization method in which a monomer species and an initiator are dissolved in a solvent and the polymerization is performed by heating, and a solution of the monomer species and the initiator is dropped into the heating solvent over 1 to 10 hours.
- the dropping polymerization method is added, and the dropping polymerization method is preferable.
- reaction solvent the polymerization initiator, the reaction conditions (temperature, concentration, etc.) and the purification method after the reaction are the same as described in the resin (A), but in the synthesis of the hydrophobic resin, the reaction concentration Is preferably 30 to 50% by mass.
- composition of the present invention may further contain a dye.
- Suitable dyes include, for example, oily dyes and basic dyes. Specific examples include the dyes described in paragraph [0803] of JP2013-83966A.
- the composition of the present invention may further contain a photobase generator.
- a photobase generator When a photobase generator is contained, a more favorable pattern can be formed.
- the photobase generator include JP-A-4-151156, JP-A-4-162040, JP-A-5-197148, JP-A-5-5995, JP-A-6-194634, and JP-A-8-146608. And compounds described in JP-A-10-83079 and European Patent No. 622682.
- Specific examples of the preferable photobase generator include the photobase generators described in paragraph [0804] of JP2013-83966A.
- the composition of the present invention may further contain an antioxidant.
- an antioxidant When the antioxidant is contained, it is possible to suppress the oxidation of the organic material in the presence of oxygen.
- the antioxidant for example, the antioxidants described in paragraphs [0808] to [0812] of JP2013-83966A can be preferably used, and can be added in the amount described in the paragraph [0813]. .
- the composition of the present invention may further contain a solvent.
- an organic solvent is used as this solvent.
- the organic solvent may include alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate, alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether, alkyl lactate ester, alkyl alkoxypropionate, cyclic lactone (preferably having 4 to 10 carbon atoms), and a ring.
- Good monoketone compounds preferably having 4 to 10 carbon atoms
- alkylene carbonates alkyl alkoxyacetates
- alkyl pyruvates alkyl pyruvates.
- alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether carboxylate examples include propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA; also known as 1-methoxy-2-acetoxypropane), propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monopropyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, Preferred are propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate.
- PMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- propylene glycol monoethyl ether propionate propylene glycol monoethyl ether propionate
- ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate examples include ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate.
- alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether examples include propylene glycol monomethyl ether (PGME; also known as 1-methoxy-2-propanol), propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and And ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
- PGME propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- alkyl lactate examples include methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, propyl lactate, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate and butyl lactate.
- alkyl alkoxypropionate examples include ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl 3-ethoxypropionate and ethyl 3-methoxypropionate.
- cyclic lactone examples include ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -methyl- ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, and ⁇ -octano. Ic lactone and ⁇ -hydroxy- ⁇ butyrolactone.
- Examples of the monoketone compound which may contain a ring include 2-butanone, 3-methylbutanone, pinacolone, 2-pentanone, 3-pentanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 2-methyl-3-pentanone, 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone, 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone, 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-3-pentanone, 2-hexanone, 3-hexanone , 5-methyl-3-hexanone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 2-methyl-3-heptanone, 5-methyl-3-heptanone, 2,6-dimethyl-4-heptanone, 2-octanone , 3-octanone, 2-nonanone, 3-nonanone, 5-nonanone, 2-decanone, 3-decanone, 4-decanone, 5-hexene-2- , 3-penten-2-one, cyclopentanone,
- alkylene carbonate examples include propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and butylene carbonate.
- alkyl alkoxyacetate examples include 2-methoxyethyl acetate, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate, 3-methoxy-3-methylbutyl acetate, and 1-methoxy-acetate. 2-propyl is mentioned.
- alkyl pyruvate examples include methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, and propyl pyruvate.
- a solvent having a boiling point of 130 ° C. or higher under normal temperature and pressure it is preferable to use a solvent having a boiling point of 130 ° C. or higher under normal temperature and pressure.
- a solvent having a boiling point of 130 ° C. or higher under normal temperature and pressure.
- solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the latter case, it is preferable to use a mixed solvent of a solvent containing a hydroxyl group and a solvent not containing a hydroxyl group.
- solvent containing a hydroxyl group examples include ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol, PGME, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate, and ethyl lactate.
- PGME methyl 2-hydroxyisobutyrate and ethyl lactate are particularly preferred.
- Examples of the solvent not containing a hydroxyl group include PGMEA, ethyl ethoxypropionate, 2-heptanone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, cyclohexanone, butyl acetate, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like.
- PGMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethyl ethoxypropionate, 2-heptanone, ⁇ -butyrolactone, cyclohexanone and butyl acetate
- PGMEA, ethyl ethoxypropionate and 2-heptanone are particularly preferred.
- the mass ratio thereof is preferably 1/99 to 99/1, more preferably 10/90 to 90/10, More preferably, it is 20/80 to 60/40.
- the solvent is particularly preferably a mixed solvent of PGMEA and one or more other solvents.
- the content of the solvent in the composition of the present invention can be appropriately adjusted according to the desired film thickness and the like, but generally the total solid concentration of the composition is 0.5 to 30% by mass, preferably It is prepared to be 1.0 to 20% by mass, more preferably 1.5 to 10% by mass.
- Actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film The present invention relates to an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film formed using the above-described composition of the present invention.
- actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film is also referred to as “resist film”.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention comprises: (I) forming an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film (resist film) using the composition of the present invention described above; (Ii) exposing the resist film; (Iii) A pattern forming method including at least a step of developing the exposed resist film using a developer to form a pattern.
- the developer in the step (iii) may be a developer containing an organic solvent or an alkali developer. When developing using a developer containing an organic solvent, a negative pattern is formed, and when developing using alkali development, a positive pattern is formed.
- the exposure in the step (ii) may be immersion exposure.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention preferably has (iv) a heating step after (ii) the exposure step.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention may further include (v) a step of developing using an alkali developer when the developer in the step (iii) is a developer containing an organic solvent.
- the developer in the step (iii) when the developer in the step (iii) is an alkaline developer, it may further include (v) a step of developing using a developer containing an organic solvent.
- a portion with low exposure intensity is removed by the organic solvent development step, but a portion with high exposure strength is also removed by further performing the alkali development step.
- the order of the alkali development step and the organic solvent development step is not particularly limited, but it is more preferable to perform the alkali development before the organic solvent development step.
- the resist film is formed from the above-described composition of the present invention, and more specifically, is preferably formed on the substrate.
- the step of forming a film of the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition on the substrate, the step of exposing the film, and the developing step are performed by generally known methods. be able to.
- This composition can be applied to, for example, a spinner and a substrate on a substrate (eg, silicon / silicon dioxide coating, silicon nitride and chromium-deposited quartz substrate) used in the manufacture of precision integrated circuit elements or imprint molds. It is applied using a coater or the like. Thereafter, it can be dried to form an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive film.
- a substrate eg, silicon / silicon dioxide coating, silicon nitride and chromium-deposited quartz substrate
- an antireflection film may be coated on the substrate in advance.
- the antireflection film any of an inorganic film type such as titanium, titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, chromium oxide, carbon, and amorphous silicon, and an organic film type made of a light absorber and a polymer material can be used.
- the organic antireflection film commercially available organic antireflection films such as DUV30 series and DUV-40 series manufactured by Brewer Science and AR-2, AR-3 and AR-5 manufactured by Shipley can be used. .
- PB preheating step
- PEB post-exposure heating step
- the heating temperature is preferably 70 to 120 ° C. for both PB and PEB, more preferably 80 to 110 ° C.
- the heating time is preferably 30 to 300 seconds, more preferably 30 to 180 seconds, and still more preferably 30 to 90 seconds. Heating can be performed by means provided in a normal exposure / developing machine, and may be performed using a hot plate or the like. The reaction of the exposed part is promoted by baking, and the sensitivity and pattern profile are improved.
- a heating step Post Bake
- the developing solution and the rinsing solution remaining between the patterns and inside the patterns are removed by baking.
- a top coat may be provided on the upper layer of the resist film.
- the functions necessary for the top coat are suitability for application to the upper layer of the resist film and solubility in the developer. It is preferable that the top coat is not mixed with the resist film and can be uniformly applied to the upper layer of the resist film.
- the topcoat is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known topcoat can be formed by a conventionally known method. For example, based on the description in paragraphs [0072] to [0082] of JP-A-2014-059543 Can be formed.
- the hydrophobic resin mentioned above can be used suitably also for a topcoat formation use. When a developer containing an organic solvent is used in the development step described later, it is preferable to form a top coat containing a basic compound described in JP2013-61648A on the resist film.
- active light or radiation examples include infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet light, far ultraviolet light, X-rays, and electron beams.
- actinic rays or radiation for example, those having a wavelength of 250 nm or less, particularly 220 nm or less are more preferable.
- actinic rays or radiation examples include KrF excimer laser (248 nm), ArF excimer laser (193 nm), F2 excimer laser (157 nm), X-rays, and electron beams.
- preferable actinic rays or radiation include KrF excimer laser, ArF excimer laser, electron beam, X-ray and EUV light. More preferred are electron beam, X-ray and EUV light.
- a substrate on which a film is formed is not particularly limited, and is generally used in a semiconductor manufacturing process such as an IC, a manufacturing process of a circuit board such as a liquid crystal or a thermal head, and other photolithographic lithography processes.
- the substrate used can be used, and examples thereof include inorganic substrates such as silicon, SiN, and SiO 2 ; coated inorganic substrates such as SOG (Spin On Glass); and the like. Further, if necessary, an organic antireflection film may be formed between the film and the substrate.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention includes a step of developing using an alkali developer
- examples of the alkali developer include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and aqueous ammonia.
- Inorganic alkalis such as: primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propylamine; secondary amines such as diethylamine and di-n-butylamine; tertiary amines such as triethylamine and methyldiethylamine; dimethylethanolamine and triethanol Alcohol amines such as amines; tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetrapentylammonium hydroxide, Tetraalkylammonium hydroxides such as lahexylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctylammonium hydroxide, ethyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, butyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, methyltriamylammonium hydroxide, dibutyldipentylammonium hydro
- an appropriate amount of alcohol or surfactant may be added to the alkaline aqueous solution.
- the alkali concentration of the alkali developer is usually from 0.1 to 20% by mass.
- the pH of the alkali developer is usually from 10.0 to 15.0.
- an aqueous solution of 2.38% by mass of tetramethylammonium hydroxide is desirable.
- a rinsing solution in the rinsing treatment performed after alkali development pure water can be used, and an appropriate amount of a surfactant can be added.
- a process of removing the developing solution or the rinsing liquid adhering to the pattern with a supercritical fluid can be performed.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention includes a step of developing using a developer containing an organic solvent
- examples of the developer containing an organic solvent include ketone solvents and esters.
- Polar solvents and hydrocarbon solvents such as system solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents and ether solvents can be used.
- ketone solvents include 1-octanone, 2-octanone, 1-nonanone, 2-nonanone, acetone, 2-heptanone (methyl amyl ketone), 4-heptanone, 1-hexanone, 2-hexanone, diisobutyl ketone, Examples include cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, phenylacetone, methylethylketone, methylisobutylketone, acetylacetone, acetonylacetone, ionone, diacetylalcohol, acetylcarbinol, acetophenone, methylnaphthylketone, isophorone, and propylene carbonate.
- ester solvents include methyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, pentyl acetate, isopentyl acetate, amyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monoethyl.
- alcohol solvents include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, sec-butyl alcohol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, tert-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, n -Alcohols such as hexyl alcohol, n-heptyl alcohol, n-octyl alcohol, n-decanol; glycol solvents such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether , Propylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl And the like can be given; ether, glycol ether-based solvents such as methoxymethyl butanol.
- ether solvent examples include anisole, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran and the like in addition to the glycol ether solvent.
- amide solvents include N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylformamide, hexamethylphosphoric triamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone and the like.
- hydrocarbon solvent examples include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene and xylene, and aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents such as pentane, hexane, octane and decane.
- the water content of the developer as a whole is preferably less than 10% by mass, and more preferably substantially free of moisture. That is, the amount of the organic solvent used with respect to the organic developer is preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and more preferably 95% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the developer.
- the organic developer is preferably a developer containing at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents and ether solvents. .
- the vapor pressure of the organic developer is preferably 5 kPa or less, more preferably 3 kPa or less, and particularly preferably 2 kPa or less at 20 ° C.
- the vapor pressure of the organic developer is preferably 5 kPa or less, more preferably 3 kPa or less, and particularly preferably 2 kPa or less at 20 ° C.
- the organic developer may contain a basic compound.
- Specific examples and preferred examples of the basic compound that can be contained in the developer used in the present invention are the same as those in the basic compound that can be contained in the actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition described above.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited.
- an ionic or nonionic fluorine-based and / or silicon-based surfactant can be used.
- paragraph [0166] of JP-A No. 2014-71304 can be used.
- surfactants described in the literature cited above The amount of the surfactant used is preferably 0 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.0001 to 2% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.0005 to 1% by mass with respect to the total amount of the developer.
- a developing method for example, a method in which a substrate is immersed in a tank filled with a developer for a certain period of time (dip method), a method in which the developer is raised on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and is left stationary for a certain time (paddle) Method), a method of spraying the developer on the substrate surface (spray method), a method of continuously discharging the developer while scanning the developer discharge nozzle on the substrate rotating at a constant speed (dynamic dispensing method) Etc.
- dip method a method in which a substrate is immersed in a tank filled with a developer for a certain period of time
- paddle a method in which the developer is raised on the surface of the substrate by surface tension and is left stationary for a certain time
- spray method a method of spraying the developer on the substrate surface
- the discharge pressure of the discharged developer (the flow rate per unit area of the discharged developer) is preferably 2mL / sec / mm 2 or less, and more preferably not more than 1.5mL / sec / mm 2. Although there is no particular lower limit of the flow rate, 0.2 mL / sec / mm 2 or more is preferable.
- the developer discharge pressure (mL / sec / mm 2 ) is a value at the developing nozzle outlet in the developing device. Examples of a method for adjusting the discharge pressure of the developer include a method of adjusting the discharge pressure with a pump and the like, and a method of changing the pressure by adjusting the pressure by supply from a pressurized tank.
- a step of stopping development may be performed while substituting with another solvent.
- the rinsing liquid is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve the resist pattern, and a solution containing a general organic solvent can be used.
- the rinsing liquid contains at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon solvents (preferably decane), ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, amide solvents and ether solvents. It is preferable to use a rinse solution.
- specific examples of the hydrocarbon solvent, the ketone solvent, the ester solvent, the alcohol solvent, the amide solvent, and the ether solvent are the same as those described in the developer containing an organic solvent.
- the solvent is preferably at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of ketone solvents, ester solvents, alcohol solvents, and amide solvents, more preferably alcohol solvents or ester solvents.
- a monohydric alcohol having 5 or more carbon atoms is particularly preferred. Examples of the monohydric alcohol used in the rinsing step include linear, branched, and cyclic monohydric alcohols.
- Specific examples include 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, tert- Butyl alcohol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 2-hexanol, cyclopentanol, 2-heptanol, 2-octanol, 3-hexanol, 3-heptanol, 3-octanol, 4-octanol and the like can be used, and particularly preferable monohydric alcohols having 5 or more carbon atoms include 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 4-methyl-2-pen.
- Tanol, 1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, etc. can be used A plurality of the above components may be mixed, or may be used by mixing with an organic solvent other than the above.
- the water content in the rinse liquid is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 3% by mass or less.
- the vapor pressure of the rinsing liquid is preferably 0.05 to 5 kPa, more preferably 0.1 to 5 kPa, and further preferably 0.12 to 3 kPa at 20 ° C.
- An appropriate amount of a surfactant can be added to the rinse solution.
- the wafer that has been developed using the developer containing the organic solvent is cleaned using the rinse solution containing the organic solvent.
- the cleaning method is not particularly limited. For example, a method of continuing to discharge the rinse liquid onto the substrate rotating at a constant speed (rotary coating method), or immersing the substrate in a tank filled with the rinse liquid for a certain period of time. A method (dip method), a method of spraying a rinsing liquid onto the substrate surface (spray method), etc. can be applied.
- a cleaning process is performed by a spin coating method, and after cleaning, the substrate is rotated at a speed of 2000 rpm to 4000 rpm. It is preferable to rotate and remove the rinse liquid from the substrate.
- the developing solution and the rinsing solution remaining between the patterns and inside the patterns are removed by baking.
- the heating step after the rinsing step is usually performed at 40 to 160 ° C., preferably 70 to 95 ° C., usually 10 seconds to 3 minutes, preferably 30 seconds to 90 seconds.
- an imprint mold may be produced using the composition of the present invention.
- the pattern forming method of the present invention can also be used for guide pattern formation in DSA (Directed Self-Assembly) (see, for example, ACS Nano Vol. 4 No. 8 Pages 4815-4823).
- the resist pattern formed by the above method can be used as a core material (core) of a spacer process disclosed in, for example, JP-A-3-270227 and JP-A-2013-164509.
- the present invention also relates to an electronic device manufacturing method including the pattern forming method of the present invention described above, and an electronic device manufactured by this manufacturing method.
- the electronic device of the present invention is suitably mounted on electrical and electronic equipment (home appliances, OA (Office Automation) related equipment, media related equipment, optical equipment, communication equipment, etc.).
- the composition ratio (molar ratio; corresponding in order from the left) measured by 13 C-NMR was 30/45/20/5.
- Photoacid generator The following compounds were used as the photoacid generator.
- hydrophobic resin As the hydrophobic resin, one of the following hydrophobic resins HR-1 and HR-2 was used.
- W-1 Megafuck R08 (manufactured by DIC Corporation) (fluorine and silicon)
- W-2 Polysiloxane polymer KP-341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) (silicon-based)
- W-3 Troisol S-366 (manufactured by Troy Chemical Co., Ltd .; fluorine-based)
- W-4 PF6320 (manufactured by OMNOVA) (fluorine type)
- G-1 Butyl acetate
- G-2 Methyl amyl ketone (2-heptanone)
- G-3 Anisole
- G-4 TMAH (2.38 mass% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution)
- Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 [Coating liquid preparation and coating of actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition]
- a coating composition having a solid content concentration of 1.5% by mass having the composition shown in the following table (the concentration (% by mass) of each component represents the concentration in the total solid content concentration) is precisely filtered with a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.05 ⁇ m. Filtration gave an actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition (resist composition) solution.
- This actinic ray-sensitive or radiation-sensitive resin composition is applied onto a 6-inch Si wafer that has been previously treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) using a spin coater Mark8 manufactured by Tokyo Electron, and heated at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds. It dried on the plate and obtained the resist film with a film thickness of 50 nm.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
- a topcoat-forming resin composition solid content concentration: 3.0% by mass
- hydrophobic resin HR-1 was dissolved in 4-methyl-2-pentanol was used.
- a top coat layer having a thickness of 300 mm was formed.
- Examples 1 to 13 exhibited superior sensitivity and superior LER compared to Comparative Examples 1 to 5 not using the composition of the present invention.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 3 to 5 having any one of Mg, Cu, Zn, and Cs had metal ions, but the sensitivity was insufficient as compared with Examples 1 to 13.
- Example 3 using an organic developer tends to be more excellent in sensitivity and LER than Example 4 using an alkali developer. I found out.
- Example 6 having a sulfonic acid group is more effective than Example 7 having a phosphate group as an acid group in the metal salt structure.
- Example 5 having a carboxyl group was more effective.
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Abstract
Description
より詳細には、本発明は、超LSI(large scale integration)及び高容量マイクロチップの製造プロセス、ナノインプリント用モールド作成プロセス並びに高密度情報記録媒体の製造プロセス等に適用可能な超マイクロリソグラフィプロセス、並びにその他のフォトファブリケーションプロセスに好適に用いられる感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(レジスト組成物)、並びに、それを用いた感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜、パターン形成方法、及び、電子デバイスの製造方法に関する。
このようななか、本発明者が特許文献1に記載のレジスト組成物について検討したところ、その感度が昨今求められているレベルを必ずしも満たさないことが明らかになった。
すなわち、本発明は、以下の〔1〕~〔11〕を提供する。
〔1〕酸の作用により極性が変化する樹脂(Ab)と、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物と、を含有し、上記樹脂(Ab)が、金属イオンを含み、上記金属イオンの金属種が、第1~10及び13~16族に属する金属種(ただし、Mg及びCsを除く)の少なくともいずれかである、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔2〕上記樹脂(Ab)が、上記金属イオンを含む金属塩構造を有する、上記〔1〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔3〕上記金属塩構造が、後述する一般式(f)で表される、上記〔2〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔4〕一般式(f)中のXaにおける酸基が、カルボキシル基である、上記〔3〕に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔5〕上記樹脂(Ab)が、上記金属塩構造として、後述する一般式(f1)~(f4)で表される繰り返し単位の少なくともいずれかを有する、上記〔2〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
〔6〕上記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて形成される感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜。
〔7〕上記〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれかに記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成する工程と、上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を露光する工程と、上記露光された上記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を、現像液を用いて現像してパターンを形成する工程と、を少なくとも備えるパターン形成方法。
〔8〕上記露光が、電子線又はEUV光による露光である、上記〔7〕に記載のパターン形成方法。
〔9〕上記現像液が、アルカリ現像液である、上記〔7〕又は〔8〕に記載のパターン形成方法。
〔10〕上記現像液が、有機溶剤を含む現像液である、上記〔7〕又は〔8〕に記載のパターン形成方法。
〔11〕上記〔7〕~〔10〕のいずれかに記載のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
本明細書に於ける基(原子団)の表記に於いて、置換及び無置換を記していない表記は、置換基を有さないものと共に置換基を有するものをも包含するものである。例えば、「アルキル基」とは、置換基を有さないアルキル基(無置換アルキル基)のみならず、置換基を有するアルキル基(置換アルキル基)をも包含するものである。
本明細書において光とは、極紫外線(EUV光)のみならず、電子線も含む。
また、本明細書中における「露光」とは、特に断らない限り、極紫外線(EUV光)による露光のみならず、電子線による描画も露光に含める。
本明細書中における「活性光線」又は「放射線」とは、例えば、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、極紫外線(EUV光)、X線、電子線等を意味する。また、本発明において光とは、活性光線又は放射線を意味する。また、本明細書中における「露光」とは、特に断らない限り、水銀灯、エキシマレーザーに代表される遠紫外線、X線、EUV光などによる露光のみならず、電子線、イオンビーム等の粒子線による描画も露光に含める。
本発明の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(以下、「本発明の組成物」又は「本発明のレジスト組成物」ともいう)は、以下に詳述する樹脂(Ab)と、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物(「光酸発生剤」ともいう)と、を含有する。
樹脂(Ab)は、酸の作用により極性が変化する樹脂である。
樹脂(Ab)は、好ましくはアルカリ現像液に対して不溶又は難溶性であり、好ましくは有機溶剤を含む現像液に対して可溶性である。
樹脂(Ab)は、酸分解性基を有する繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
これにより、本発明の組成物は、感度が優れる。その理由は明らかではないが、次のように推測される。
まず、電子線又はEUV光を用いて露光した場合は、本発明の組成物が光を吸収して電子を発生し、その発生した電子によって光酸発生剤が分解して酸を発生し、発生した酸の作用によって樹脂(Ab)の極性が変化する。
このとき、樹脂(Ab)中に含まれる上述した金属(金属イオン)は、電子線又はEUV光の吸収が高いため、光を多く吸収でき、電子が多く発生して、酸が発生しやすくなるため、高感度となると考えられる。
上記金属種を選択することによって感度が良好となる一方で、例えば、Mg、Cu、Zn、Cs等の金属種を選択した場合には感度が不十分となる。このことは、後述する実施例と比較例との対比結果からも明らかである。
上記金属塩構造の具体例としては、下記一般式(f)で表される部分構造が挙げられる。
Xaは、酸基から水素原子を除いた残基を表し、
Metは、第1~10及び13~16族に属する金属原子(ただし、Mg及びCsを除く)を表し、
nは1以上の整数を表す。
上記酸基のうち、カルボキシル基が好ましい。
一般式(f)中のMetが表す金属原子の金属種は、上述した金属種と同義である。
一般式(f)中のnが表す整数は、1~4が好ましく、1~3がより好ましく、1~2がさらに好ましい。
Xaは、酸基から水素原子を除いた残基を表し、
Metは、第1~10及び13~16族に属する金属原子(ただし、Mg及びCsを除く)を表し、
nは2以上の整数を表し、
mは1以上(n-1)以下の整数を表す。
一般式(f′)中のnが表す整数は、2~4が好ましく、2~3がより好ましい。
一般式(f′)中のmが表す整数は、1~3が好ましく、1~2がより好ましい。
なお、脱離した金属イオンは、金属酸化物等になると考えられるが、その態様は特に限定されるものではない。
Metは、第1~10及び13~16族に属する金属原子(ただし、Mg及びCsを除く)を表し、
Rfaは、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又はアルキルオキシカルボニル基を表し、
Y1は、各々独立に、単結合又は2価の連結基を表し、
Y2~Y4は、各々独立に、水素原子又は1価の有機基を表す。
なお、*は、結合位置を表す。
Rfaが表すシクロアルキル基としては、例えば、シクロペンチル基及びシクロヘキシル基等の炭素数が3~15のものが挙げられる。
Rfaが表すハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子が挙げられ、中でも、フッ素原子が特に好ましい。
Rfaが表すアルキルオキシカルボニル基に含まれるアルキル基部分としては、例えば、先にRfaが表すアルキル基として挙げた構成を採用できる。
Rfaとしては、水素原子又はアルキル基が好ましい。
Y2~Y4が表すアルケニル基は、炭素数3~20が好ましく、例えば、ビニル基、アリル基、イソプロペニル基、スチリル基などが挙げられる。
Y2~Y4が表すアルキニル基は、炭素数2~16が好ましく、例えば、エチニル基、1-プロピニル基、1-ブチニル基、トリメチルシリルエチニル基などが挙げられる。
Y2~Y4が表すシクロアルキル基は、単環式であっても多環式であってもよく、炭素数は3~10が好ましく、4~8がより好ましく、例えば、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、ノルボルニル基、アダマンチル基などが挙げられる。
Y2~Y4が表すアリール基は、例えば、フェニル基、ベンジル基、トリル基、ナフチル基などが挙げられる。
なお、下記式中、R5は上述したRfaに相当し、Zは、2価の金属原子であって、第1~10及び13~16族に属する金属原子(ただし、Mgを除く)を表す。
酸分解性基としては、例えば、カルボキシル基、フェノール性水酸基、スルホン酸基、チオール基等の極性基の水素原子が、酸の作用により脱離する基で保護された基を挙げることができる。
Xa1は、水素原子、メチル基又は-CH2-R9で表される基を表す。R9は、水酸基または1価の有機基を表し、例えば、炭素数5以下のアルキル基、アシル基が挙げられ、好ましくは炭素数3以下のアルキル基であり、さらに好ましくはメチル基である。Xa1は好ましくは水素原子、メチル基、トリフルオロメチル基又はヒドロキシメチル基を表す。
Tは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。
Rx1~Rx3は、それぞれ独立に、アルキル基(直鎖若しくは分岐)又はシクロアルキル基(単環若しくは多環)を表す。
Rx1~Rx3の少なくとも2つが結合して、シクロアルキル基(単環若しくは多環)を形成してもよい。
Tは、単結合又は-COO-Rt-基が好ましい。Rtは、炭素数1~5のアルキレン基が好ましく、-CH2-基、-(CH2)3-基がより好ましい。
Rx1~Rx3の少なくとも2つが結合して形成されるシクロアルキル基としては、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基などの単環のシクロアルキル基、ノルボルニル基、テトラシクロデカニル基、テトラシクロドデカニル基、アダマンチル基などの多環のシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
nは1~5の整数を表し、mは1≦m+n≦5なる関係を満足する0~4の整数を表す。
S1は、置換基(水素原子を除く)を表し、mが2以上の場合には、複数のS1は互いに同一であってもよく、互いに異なっていてもよい。
A1は、水素原子又は酸の作用により脱離する基を表す。但し、少なくとも1つのA1は酸の作用により脱離する基を表す。n≧2の場合には、複数のA1は、互いに同一であってもよく、互いに異なっていてもよい。
Xは、水素原子、アルキル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アシル基、アシロキシ基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルキルオキシ基、アリール基、カルボキシ基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基又はアラルキル基を表す。
A2は、酸の作用により脱離する基を表す。
nは、上述したように、1~5の整数を表し、好ましくは1又は2であり、特に好ましくは1である。
mは、上述したように、1≦m+n≦5なる関係を満足する0~4の整数を表し、好ましくは0~2であり、より好ましくは0又は1であり、特に好ましくは0である。
S1は、上述したように、置換基(水素原子を除く)を表す。この置換基としては、例えば、後述する一般式(A)におけるS1について説明する置換基と同様のものが挙げられる。
直鎖アルキル基の炭素数は、1~30が好ましく、1~20がより好ましい。このような直鎖アルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、sec-ブチル基、n-ペンチル基、n-ヘキシル基、n-ヘプチル基、n-オクチル基、n-ノニル基及びn-デシル基が挙げられる。
以下に、一般式(A1)により表される繰り返し単位の具体例を挙げるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
Xは、上述したように、水素原子、アルキル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アシル基、アシロキシ基、シクロアルキル基、シクロアルキルオキシ基、アリール基、カルボキシ基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基又はアラルキル基を表す。
A2は、3級のアルキル基又は3級のシクロアルキル基であることが好ましい。
脂環構造の例としては、特開2013-83966号公報の段落[0264]~[0265]に記載された脂環構造を挙げることができる。
R11は、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基又はsec-ブチル基を表し、Zは、炭素原子とともに脂環式炭化水素基を形成するのに必要な原子団を表す。
ARは、アリール基を表す。
Rは、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又はアルキルオキシカルボニル基を表す。
一般式(A3)により表される繰り返し単位について詳細に説明する。
ARは、上述したようにアリール基を表す。ARのアリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アントリル基、又は、フルオレン基等の炭素数6~20のものが好ましく、炭素数6~15のものがより好ましい。
Rnのアルキル基は、直鎖アルキル基であってもよく、分岐鎖アルキル基であってもよい。このアルキル基としては、好ましくは、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、t-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、シクロヘキシル基、オクチル基及びドデシル基等の炭素数が1~20のものが挙げられる。Rnのアルキル基は、炭素数1~5のものが好ましく、炭素数1~3のものがより好ましい。
RnとARとは互いに結合して形成しても良い非芳香族環としては、5~8員環であることが好ましく、5又は6員環であることがより好ましい。
非芳香族環は、置換基を有していてもよい。この置換基としては、例えば、Rnが有していてもよい置換基について先に説明したのと同様のものが挙げられる。
Xは、水素原子、アルキル基、水酸基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アシル基、アシロキシ基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、カルボキシル基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基、アルキルカルボニルオキシ基、又はアラルキル基を表し、一般式(A2b)に於けるXと同様のものである。
A4は、酸の作用により脱離しない炭化水素基を表す。
R2は、水素原子、メチル基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子又は炭素数1~4のペルフルオロ基を表す。
R3は、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、ハロゲン原子、アリール基、アルコキシ基又はアシル基を表す。
qは、0~4の整数を表す。
Arは、q+2価の芳香環を表す。
Wは、酸の作用により分解しない基又は水素原子を表す。
以下に、一般式(A6)で表される繰り返し単位の具体例を挙げるがこれらに限定するものではない。
R10~R14としてのアルコキシ基における炭素数は1~8であることが好ましい。
R10~R14としてのアルカノイル基における炭素数は1~8であることが好ましい。
R10~R14としてのアルコキシカルボニル基における炭素数は2~8であることが好ましい。
R10~R14としてのアリール基における炭素数は6~10であることが好ましい。
樹脂(Ab)における一般式(A2)で表される繰り返し単位の含有率は、全繰り返し単位中、0~90モル%が好ましく、より好ましくは5~75モル%であり、特に好ましくは10~60モル%である。
S1により表される置換基としては、例えば、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、アシル基、アシロキシ基、アリール基、アリールオキシ基、アラルキル基、アラルキルオキシ基、ヒドロキシ基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、スルホニルアミノ基、アルキルチオ基、アリールチオ基、アラルキルチオ基が挙げられる。
上記アリールオキシエチル基の例としては、フェニルオキシエチル基、シクロヘキシルフェニルオキシエチル基等を挙げることができる。これらの基はさらに置換基を有していてもよい。
上記アラルキルカルボニルオキシエチル基の例としては、ベンジルカルボニルオキシエチル基等を挙げることができる。これらの基はさらに置換基を有していてもよい。
この構造部位は、例えば、活性光線又は放射線の照射により分解することにより、繰り返し単位(B)中に酸アニオンを生じさせる構造部位であってもよいし、酸アニオンを放出して繰り返し単位(B)中にカチオン構造を生じさせる構造部位であってもよい。
この場合、酸発生繰り返し単位(B)が、後述する活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物に相当すると考えることができる。
酸発生繰り返し単位(B)としては、例えば、特開2013-083966号公報の段落[0347]~[0485]に記載された繰り返し単位を好適に挙げることができる。
ラクトン基としては、ラクトン構造を有していればいずれでも用いることができるが、好ましくは5~7員環ラクトン構造であり、5~7員環ラクトン構造にビシクロ構造、スピロ構造を形成する形で他の環構造が縮環しているものが好ましい。下記一般式(LC1-1)~(LC1-16)のいずれかで表されるラクトン構造を有する繰り返し単位を有することがより好ましい。また、ラクトン構造が主鎖に直接結合していてもよい。
Rb0は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基を表す。Rb0のアルキル基が有していてもよい好ましい置換基としては、水酸基、ハロゲン原子が挙げられる。Rb0のハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、沃素原子を挙げることができる。好ましくは、水素原子、メチル基、ヒドロキシメチル基、トリフルオロメチル基であり、水素原子、メチル基が特に好ましい。
ラクトン基を有する繰り返し単位の具体例を以下に挙げるが、本発明はこれらに限定されない。
R2c~R4cは、各々独立に、水素原子、水酸基又はシアノ基を表す。ただし、R2c~R4cの内の少なくとも1つは、水酸基又はシアノ基を表す。好ましくは、R2c~R4cの内の1つ又は2つが、水酸基で、残りが水素原子である。一般式(VIIa)に於いて、更に好ましくは、R2c~R4cの内の2つが、水酸基で、残りが水素原子である。
R1cは、水素原子、メチル基、トリフロロメチル基又はヒドロキメチル基を表す。
R2c~R4cは、一般式(VIIa)~(VIIc)に於ける、R2c~R4cと同義である。
アルカリ可溶性基を有する繰り返し単位の具体例を以下に示すが、本発明は、これに限定されるものではない。
本発明において、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び数平均分子量(Mn)は、展開溶媒としてテトラヒドロフラン(THF)を用いて、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)により求められるポリスチレン換算値をもって定義される(以下、同様)。
アニオン重合法は、アルカリ金属又は有機アルカリ金属を重合開始剤として、通常、窒素、アルゴン等の不活性ガス雰囲気下、有機溶媒中において、-100~90℃の温度で行なわれる。そして、共重合においては、モノマー類を反応系に逐次添加して重合することによりブロック共重合体が、また、各モノマー類の混合物を反応系に添加して重合することによりランダム共重合体が得られる。
樹脂(Ab)の添加量は、総量として、本発明の組成物の全固形分に対し、通常10~99質量%であり、好ましくは20~99質量%であり、特に好ましくは30~99質量%である。
本発明の組成物は、更に、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物(以下、「光酸発生剤」ともいう。)を含有する。
Ar1は、アリール基を表し、-(D-B)基以外の置換基を更に有していてもよい。
nは、1以上の整数を表す。nは、好ましくは1~4であり、より好ましくは2~3であり、最も好ましくは3である。
Dは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表す。この2価の連結基は、エーテル基、チオエーテル基、カルボニル基、スルホキシド基、スルホン基、スルホン酸エステル基又はエステル基である。
Bは、炭化水素基を表す。
Xfは、各々独立に、フッ素原子、又は少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換されたアルキル基を表す。
Lは、単結合又は2価の連結基を表し、複数存在する場合のLは、互いに同一であってもよく、互いに異なっていてもよい。
Eは、環状構造を有する基を表す。
xは1~20の整数を表し、yは0~10の整数を表し、zは0~10の整数を表す。
式(SA1)中、Ar1は、好ましくは、炭素数6~30の芳香族環である。具体的には、Ar1は、例えば、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環、ペンタレン環、インデン環、アズレン環、ヘプタレン環、インデセン環、ペリレン環、ペンタセン環、アセタフタレン環、フェナントレン環、アントラセン環、ナフタセン環、クリセン環、トリフェニレン環、フルオレン環、ビフェニル環、ピロール環、フラン環、チオフェン環、イミダゾール環、オキサゾール環、チアゾール環、ピリジン環、ピラジン環、ピリミジン環、ピリダジン環、インドリジン環、インドール環、ベンゾフラン環、ベンゾチオフェン環、イソベンゾフラン環、キノリジン環、キノリン環、フタラジン環、ナフチリジン環、キノキサリン環、キノキサゾリン環、イソキノリン環、カルバゾール環、フェナントリジン環、アクリジン環、フェナントロリン環、チアントレン環、クロメン環、キサンテン環、フェノキサチイン環、フェノチアジン環又はフェナジン環である。中でも、ラフネス改良と高感度化との両立の観点から、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環又はアントラセン環が好ましく、ベンゼン環がより好ましい。
R13は、水素原子、フッ素原子、水酸基、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルコキシ基、シクロアルキルオキシ基又はアルコキシカルボニル基を表す。
R14は、複数存在する場合は各々独立して、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アルキルスルホニル基又はシクロアルキルスルホニル基を表す。
lは0~2の整数を表す。
rは0~8の整数を表す。
X-は、非求核性アニオンを表し、例えば、一般式(ZI)におけるX-と同様のものが挙げられる。
シクロアルキルオキシ基としては、例えば、シクロペンチルオキシ基及びシクロヘキシルオキシ基等の炭素数3~20のものが挙げられる。
シクロアルキルオキシアルキル基としては、例えば、シクロヘキシルオキシメチル基、シクロペンチルオキシメチル基及びシクロヘキシルオキシエチル基等の炭素数4~21のものが挙げられる。
シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基としては、例えば、シクロペンチルオキシカルボニル基及びシクロヘキシルオキシカルボニル等の炭素数4~21のものが挙げられる。
シクロアルキルオキシカルボニルオキシ基としては、例えば、シクロペンチルオキシカルボニルオキシ基及びシクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルオキシ基等の炭素数4~21のものが挙げられる。
この環構造は、置換基を更に有していてもよい。この置換基としては、例えば、ヒドロキシ基、カルボキシ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、アルコキシ基、アルコキシアルキル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、及びアルコキシカルボニルオキシ基が挙げられる。
化合物(ZI-3)とは、以下の一般式(ZI-3)により表される化合物であり、フェナシルスルフォニウム塩構造を有する化合物である。
R6c及びR7cは、水素原子又はアルキル基を表す。アルキル基の炭素数は、1~6が好ましい。
Rx及びRyは、各々独立に、アルキル基、2-オキソアルキル基、アルコキシカルボニルメチル基、アリル基又はビニル基を表す。これら原子団の炭素数は、1~6が好ましい。
化合物(ZI-4)は、以下の一般式(ZI-4)により表されるカチオンを有した化合物である。この化合物(ZI-4)は、アウトガスの抑制に有効である。
R1~R13は、各々独立に、水素原子又は置換基を表す。R1~R13のうち少なくとも1つは、アルコール性水酸基を含む置換基であることが好ましい。なお、ここで「アルコール性水酸基」とは、アルキル基の炭素原子に結合した水酸基を意味している。
Zは、単結合又は2価の連結基である。
ホスファト基〔-OPO(OH)2〕、スルファト基(-OSO3H)、並びに、他の公知の置換基が挙げられる。
一般式(ZII)及び(ZIII)中、R204~R207は、各々独立に、アリール基、アルキル基又はシクロアルキル基を表す。これらアリール基、アルキル基及びシクロアルキル基は、置換基を有していてもよい。
R204~R207としてのアルキル基及びシクロアルキル基の好ましい例としては、先に化合物(ZI-2)におけるR201~R203について列挙した直鎖、分岐又はシクロアルキル基が挙げられる。
Ar3及びAr4は、各々独立に、置換又は無置換のアリール基を表す。
R208は、一般式(ZV)と(ZVI)とで各々独立して、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基又はアリール基を表している。これらアルキル基、シクロアルキル基及びアリール基は、置換されていてもよく、置換されていなくてもよい。
これら基は、フッ素原子により置換されていることが好ましい。こうすると、光酸発生剤が発生する酸の強度を高めることが可能となる。
好ましいR209としては、置換又は無置換のアリール基が挙げられる。
好ましいR210としては、電子求引性基が挙げられる。この電子求引性基としては、好ましくは、シアノ基及びフロロアルキル基が挙げられる。
また、光酸発生剤の含量は、本発明の組成物の全固形分を基準として、好ましくは0.1~50質量%であり、より好ましくは0.5~40質量%であり、更に好ましくは1~30質量%である。
本発明の感活性光線性又は感放射線性組成物は、更に、酸の作用により分解して酸を発生する化合物(以下、「酸増殖剤」とも表記する)を1種又は2種以上含んでいてもよい。酸増殖剤が発生する酸は、スルホン酸、メチド酸又はイミド酸であることが好ましい。酸増殖剤の含有率としては、組成物の全固形分を基準として、0.1~50質量%が好ましく、0.5~30質量%がより好ましく、1.0~20質量%が更に好ましい。
酸増殖剤と酸発生剤との量比(組成物中の全固形分を基準にした酸増殖剤の固形分量/組成物中の全固形分を基準にした酸発生剤の固形分量)としては、特に制限されないが、0.01~50が好ましく、0.1~20がより好ましく、0.2~1.0が特に好ましい。
本発明に使用できる酸増殖剤としては、例えば、特開2013-83966号公報の段落[0690]に記載された化合物が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は、塩基性化合物を更に含んでいてもよい。塩基性化合物は、好ましくは、フェノールと比較して塩基性がより強い化合物である。また、この塩基性化合物は、有機塩基性化合物であることが好ましく、含窒素塩基性化合物であることが更に好ましい。
使用可能な含窒素塩基性化合物は特に限定されないが、例えば、特開2013-83966号公報の段落[0693]~[0703]に記載された「(1)一般式(BS-1)により表される化合物」、同段落[0704]~[0705]に記載された「(2)含窒素複素環構造を有する化合物」、同段落[0706]~[0709]に記載された「(3)フェノキシ基を有するアミン化合物」同段落[0710]~[0717]に記載された「(4)アンモニウム塩」同段落[0718]~[0755]に記載された「(5)プロトンアクセプター性官能基を有し、かつ、活性光線又は放射線の照射により分解してプロトンアクセプター性が低下、消失、又はプロトンアクセプター性から酸性に変化した化合物を発生する化合物(PA)」同段落[0756]~[0768]に記載された「(6)グアニジン化合物」同段落[0769]~[0791]に記載された「(7)窒素原子を有し、酸の作用により脱離する基を有する低分子化合物」を好ましく用いることができる。
また、塩基性化合物として、感光性の塩基性化合物を用いてもよい。感光性の塩基性化合物としては、例えば、特表2003-524799号公報、及び、J.Photopolym.Sci&Tech.Vol.8,P.543-553(1995)等に記載の化合物を用いることができる。
なお、塩基性化合物の分子量は、通常は100~1500であり、好ましくは150~1300であり、より好ましくは200~1000である。
塩基性化合物の光酸発生剤に対するモル比は、好ましくは0.01~10、より好ましくは0.05~5、更に好ましくは0.1~3とする。なお、上記モル比における光酸発生剤とは、樹脂(Ab)中の繰り返し単位(B)と光酸発生剤との合計量である。
本発明の組成物は、界面活性剤を更に含んでいてもよい。この界面活性剤としては、フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤が特に好ましい。
フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系界面活性剤としては、例えば、大日本インキ化学工業(株)製のメガファックF176及びメガファックR08、OMNOVA社製のPF656及びPF6320、トロイケミカル(株)製のトロイゾルS-366、住友スリーエム(株)製のフロラードFC430、並びに、信越化学工業(株)製のポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341が挙げられる。
フッ素系及び/又はシリコン系以外の界面活性剤を使用してもよい。この界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル類及びポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリールエーテル類等のノニオン系界面活性剤が挙げられる。
その他、公知の界面活性剤を適宜使用することができる。使用可能な界面活性剤としては、例えば、米国特許2008/0248425A1号明細書の[0273]以降に記載の界面活性剤が挙げられる。
界面活性剤は、1種類を単独で使用してもよいし、2種類以上を組み合わせて使用してもよい。
本発明の組成物が界面活性剤を更に含んでいる場合、その使用量は、組成物の全固形分を基準として、好ましくは0.0001~2質量%とし、より好ましくは0.001~1質量%とする。
本発明の組成物は、疎水性樹脂を含有してもよい。
疎水性樹脂はレジスト膜の表面に偏在するように設計されることが好ましいが、界面活性剤とは異なり、必ずしも分子内に親水基を有する必要はなく、極性/非極性物質を均一に混合することに寄与しなくてもよい。
疎水性樹脂を添加することの効果として、水に対するレジスト膜表面の静的/動的な接触角の制御、アウトガスの抑制などを挙げることができる。
疎水性樹脂が、フッ素原子及び/又は珪素原子を含む場合、疎水性樹脂に於ける上記フッ素原子及び/又は珪素原子は、樹脂の主鎖中に含まれていてもよく、側鎖中に含まれていてもよい。
フッ素原子を有するアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1~10、より好ましくは炭素数1~4)は、少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された直鎖又は分岐アルキル基であり、更にフッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
フッ素原子を有するシクロアルキル基は、少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換された単環又は多環のシクロアルキル基であり、更にフッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
フッ素原子を有するアリール基としては、フェニル基、ナフチル基などのアリール基の少なくとも1つの水素原子がフッ素原子で置換されたものが挙げられ、更にフッ素原子以外の置換基を有していてもよい。
フッ素原子又は珪素原子を有する繰り返し単位の例としては、US2012/0251948A1の段落0519に例示されたものを挙げることが出来る。
ここで、疎水性樹脂中の側鎖部分が有するCH3部分構造(以下、単に「側鎖CH3部分構造」ともいう)には、エチル基、プロピル基等が有するCH3部分構造を包含するものである。
一方、疎水性樹脂の主鎖に直接結合しているメチル基(例えば、メタクリル酸構造を有する繰り返し単位のα-メチル基)は、主鎖の影響により疎水性樹脂の表面偏在化への寄与が小さいため、本発明におけるCH3部分構造に包含されないものとする。
一方、C-C主鎖から何らかの原子を介して存在するCH3部分構造は、本発明におけるCH3部分構造に該当するものとする。例えば、R11がエチル基(CH2CH3)である場合、本発明におけるCH3部分構造を「1つ」有するものとする。
R11~R14は、各々独立に、側鎖部分を表す。
側鎖部分のR11~R14としては、水素原子、1価の有機基などが挙げられる。
R11~R14についての1価の有機基としては、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、アルキルオキシカルボニル基、シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アルキルアミノカルボニル基、シクロアルキルアミノカルボニル基、アリールアミノカルボニル基などが挙げられ、これらの基は、更に置換基を有していてもよい。
Xb1は、水素原子又はメチル基であることが好ましい。
R2としては、1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基、アリール基、及び、アラルキル基が挙げられる。上記のシクロアルキル基、アルケニル基、シクロアルケニル基、アリール基、及び、アラルキル基は、更に、置換基としてアルキル基を有していてもよい。
R2は、1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する、アルキル基又はアルキル置換シクロアルキル基が好ましい。
R2としての1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する酸に安定な有機基は、CH3部分構造を2個以上10個以下有することが好ましく、2個以上8個以下有することがより好ましい。
一般式(II)で表される繰り返し単位の好ましい具体例を以下に挙げる。なお、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
以下、一般式(III)で表される繰り返し単位について詳細に説明する。
Xb2のアルキル基は、炭素数1~4のものが好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ヒドロキシメチル基又はトリフルオロメチル基等が挙げられるが、水素原子である事が好ましい。
Xb2は、水素原子であることが好ましい。
R3は、酸に対して安定な有機基であるため、より具体的には、上記樹脂(A)において説明した“酸分解性基”を有さない有機基であることが好ましい。
R3としての1つ以上のCH3部分構造を有する酸に安定な有機基は、CH3部分構造を1個以上10個以下有することが好ましく、1個以上8個以下有することがより好ましく、1個以上4個以下有することが更に好ましい。
nは1から5の整数を表し、1~3の整数を表すことがより好ましく、1又は2を表すことが更に好ましい。
(x)酸基、
(y)ラクトン構造を有する基、酸無水物基、又は酸イミド基、
(z)酸の作用により分解する基
好ましい酸基としては、フッ素化アルコール基(好ましくはヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール)、スルホンイミド基、ビス(アルキルカルボニル)メチレン基が挙げられる。
酸基(x)を有する繰り返し単位の含有量は、疎水性樹脂中の全繰り返し単位に対し、1~50モル%が好ましく、より好ましくは3~35モル%、更に好ましくは5~20モル%である。
酸基(x)を有する繰り返し単位の具体例を以下に示すが、本発明は、これに限定されるものではない。式中、Rxは水素原子、CH3、CF3、又は、CH2OHを表す。
これらの基を含んだ繰り返し単位は、例えば、アクリル酸エステル及びメタクリル酸エステルによる繰り返し単位等の、樹脂の主鎖に直接この基が結合している繰り返し単位である。或いは、この繰り返し単位は、この基が連結基を介して樹脂の主鎖に結合している繰り返し単位であってもよい。或いは、この繰り返し単位は、この基を有する重合開始剤又は連鎖移動剤を重合時に用いて、樹脂の末端に導入されていてもよい。
ラクトン構造を有する基を有する繰り返し単位としては、例えば、先に樹脂(A)の項で説明したラクトン構造を有する繰り返し単位と同様のものが挙げられる。
疎水性樹脂が珪素原子を有する場合、珪素原子の含有量は、疎水性樹脂の重量平均分子量に対し、2~50質量%であることが好ましく、2~30質量%であることがより好ましい。また、珪素原子を含む繰り返し単位は、疎水性樹脂に含まれる全繰り返し単位中、10~100モル%であることが好ましく、20~100モル%であることがより好ましい。
また、疎水性樹脂は、1種で使用してもよいし、複数併用してもよい。
疎水性樹脂の組成物中の含有量は、本発明の組成物中の全固形分に対し、0.01~10質量%が好ましく、0.05~8質量%がより好ましく、0.1~7質量%が更に好ましい。
反応溶媒、重合開始剤、反応条件(温度、濃度等)、及び、反応後の精製方法は、樹脂(A)で説明した内容と同様であるが、疎水性樹脂の合成においては、反応の濃度が30~50質量%であることが好ましい。
本発明の組成物は、染料を更に含んでいてもよい。好適な染料としては、例えば、油性染料及び塩基性染料が挙げられる。具体的には、例えば、特開2013-83966号公報の段落[0803]に記載された染料が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は、光塩基発生剤を更に含んでいてもよい。光塩基発生剤を含有させると、更に良好なパターンを形成することが可能となる。
光塩基発生剤としては、例えば、特開平4-151156号公報、同4-162040号公報、同5-197148号公報、同5-5995号公報、同6-194834号公報、同8-146608号公報、同10-83079号公報、及び欧州特許第622682号明細書に記載の化合物が挙げられる。
好ましい光塩基発生剤としては、具体的には、特開2013-83966号公報の段落[0804]に記載された光塩基発生剤が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は、酸化防止剤を更に含んでいてもよい。酸化防止剤を含有させると、酸素の存在下における有機材料の酸化を抑制することが可能となる。
酸化防止剤としては、例えば、特開2013-83966号公報の段落[0808]~[0812]に記載された酸化防止剤を好適に使用でき、同段落[0813]に記載された量で添加できる。
本発明の組成物は、溶剤を更に含んでいてもよい。この溶剤としては、典型的には、有機溶剤を使用する。この有機溶剤としては、例えば、アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルカルボキシレート、アルキレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸アルキルエステル、アルコキシプロピオン酸アルキル、環状ラクトン(好ましくは炭素数4~10)、環を含有していてもよいモノケトン化合物(好ましくは炭素数4~10)、アルキレンカーボネート、アルコキシ酢酸アルキル、及びピルビン酸アルキルが挙げられる。
アルコキシプロピオン酸アルキルとしては、例えば、3-エトキシプロピオン酸エチル、3-メトキシプロピオン酸メチル、3-エトキシプロピオン酸メチル及び3-メトキシプロピオン酸エチルが挙げられる。
アルコキシ酢酸アルキルとしては、例えば、酢酸-2-メトキシエチル、酢酸-2-エトキシエチル、酢酸-2-(2-エトキシエトキシ)エチル、酢酸-3-メトキシ-3メチルブチル、及び酢酸-1-メトキシ-2-プロピルが挙げられる。
ピルビン酸アルキルとしては、例えば、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル及びピルビン酸プロピルが挙げられる。
本発明は、上述した本発明の組成物を用いて形成される感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜に関する。以下、「感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜」を「レジスト膜」とも呼ぶ。
本発明のパターン形成方法は、
(i)上述した本発明の組成物を用いて感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜(レジスト膜)を形成する工程と、
(ii)上記レジスト膜を露光する工程と、
(iii)上記露光されたレジスト膜を、現像液を用いて現像してパターンを形成する工程と、を少なくとも備えるパターン形成方法である。
上記工程(iii)における現像液は、有機溶剤を含む現像液であってもよく、アルカリ現像液であってもよい。有機溶剤を含む現像液を用いて現像する場合はネガ型のパターンを形成し、アルカリ現像を用いて現像する場合はポジ型のパターンを形成する。
また、上記工程(ii)における露光が、液浸露光であってもよい。
本発明のパターン形成方法は、(ii)露光工程の後に、(iv)加熱工程を有することが好ましい。
本発明のパターン形成方法は、上記工程(iii)における現像液が、有機溶剤を含む現像液である場合には、(v)アルカリ現像液を用いて現像する工程を更に有していてもよく、一方、上記工程(iii)における現像液が、アルカリ現像液である場合には、(v)有機溶剤を含む現像液を用いて現像する工程を更に有していてもよい。
本発明において、有機溶剤現像工程によって露光強度の弱い部分が除去されるが、更にアルカリ現像工程を行うことによって露光強度の強い部分も除去される。このように現像を複数回行う多重現像プロセスにより、中間的な露光強度の領域のみを溶解させずにパターン形成が行えるので、通常より微細なパターンを形成できる(特開2008-292975号公報の段落[0077]と同様のメカニズム)。
本発明のパターン形成方法においては、アルカリ現像工程及び有機溶剤現像工程の順序は特に限定されないが、アルカリ現像を、有機溶剤現像工程の前に行うことがより好ましい。
反射防止膜としては、チタン、二酸化チタン、窒化チタン、酸化クロム、カーボン、アモルファスシリコン等の無機膜型と、吸光剤とポリマー材料からなる有機膜型のいずれも用いることができる。また、有機反射防止膜として、ブリューワーサイエンス社製のDUV30シリーズ、DUV-40シリーズ、シプレー社製のAR-2、AR-3、AR-5等の市販の有機反射防止膜を使用することもできる。
加熱温度はPB、PEB共に70~120℃で行うことが好ましく、80~110℃で行うことがより好ましい。
加熱時間は30~300秒が好ましく、30~180秒がより好ましく、30~90秒が更に好ましい。
加熱は通常の露光・現像機に備わっている手段で行うことができ、ホットプレート等を用いて行ってもよい。
ベークにより露光部の反応が促進され、感度やパターンプロファイルが改善する。
またリンス工程の後に加熱工程(Post Bake)を含むことも好ましい。ベークによりパターン間及びパターン内部に残留した現像液及びリンス液が除去される。
トップコートについては、特に限定されず、従来公知のトップコートを、従来公知の方法によって形成でき、例えば、特開2014-059543号公報の段落[0072]~[0082]の記載に基づいてトップコートを形成できる。
また、上述した疎水性樹脂は、トップコート形成用途にも好適に使用できる。
後述する現像工程において、有機溶剤を含有する現像液を使用する場合は、特開2013-61648号公報に記載された塩基性化合物を含有するトップコートをレジスト膜上に形成することが好ましい。
更に、上記アルカリ性水溶液にアルコール類、界面活性剤を適当量添加して使用することもできる。
アルカリ現像液のアルカリ濃度は、通常0.1~20質量%である。
アルカリ現像液のpHは、通常10.0~15.0である。
特に、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシドの2.38質量%の水溶液が望ましい。
また、現像処理又はリンス処理の後に、パターン上に付着している現像液又はリンス液を超臨界流体により除去する処理を行うことができる。
ケトン系溶剤としては、例えば、1-オクタノン、2-オクタノン、1-ノナノン、2-ノナノン、アセトン、2-ヘプタノン(メチルアミルケトン)、4-ヘプタノン、1-ヘキサノン、2-ヘキサノン、ジイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン、メチルシクロヘキサノン、フェニルアセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、アセチルアセトン、アセトニルアセトン、イオノン、ジアセトニルアルコール、アセチルカービノール、アセトフェノン、メチルナフチルケトン、イソホロン、プロピレンカーボネート等を挙げることができる。
エステル系溶剤としては、例えば、酢酸メチル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸エチル、酢酸イソプロピル、酢酸ペンチル、酢酸イソペンチル、酢酸アミル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、エチル-3-エトキシプロピオネート、3-メトキシブチルアセテート、3-メチル-3-メトキシブチルアセテート、ブタン酸ブチル、蟻酸メチル、蟻酸エチル、蟻酸ブチル、蟻酸プロピル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、乳酸プロピル、2-ヒドロキシイソ酪酸メチル等を挙げることができる。
アルコール系溶剤としては、例えば、メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、n-プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、n-ブチルアルコール、sec-ブチルアルコール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール、tert-ブチルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール、n-ヘキシルアルコール、n-ヘプチルアルコール、n-オクチルアルコール、n-デカノールなどのアルコール;エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコールなどのグリコール系溶剤;エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、メトキシメチルブタノールなどのグリコールエーテル系溶剤;等を挙げることができる。
エーテル系溶剤としては、例えば、上記グリコールエーテル系溶剤の他、アニソール、ジオキサン、テトラヒドロフラン等が挙げられる。
アミド系溶剤としては、例えば、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、ヘキサメチルホスホリックトリアミド、1,3-ジメチル-2-イミダゾリジノン等が使用できる。
炭化水素系溶剤としては、例えば、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶剤、ペンタン、ヘキサン、オクタン、デカン等の脂肪族炭化水素系溶剤が挙げられる。
上記の溶剤は、複数混合してもよいし、上記以外の溶剤又は水と混合し使用してもよい。但し、本発明の効果を十二分に奏するためには、現像液全体としての含水率が10質量%未満であることが好ましく、実質的に水分を含有しないことがより好ましい。
すなわち、有機系現像液に対する有機溶剤の使用量は、現像液の全量に対して、90質量%以上100質量%以下が好ましく、95質量%以上100質量%以下がより好ましい。
特に、有機系現像液は、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、アミド系溶剤及びエーテル系溶剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類の有機溶剤を含有する現像液であるのが好ましい。
5kPa以下(2kPa以下)の蒸気圧を有する具体的な例としては、特開2014-71304号公報の段落[0165]に記載された溶剤が挙げられる。
界面活性剤の使用量は現像液の全量に対して、好ましくは0~2質量%、さらに好ましくは0.0001~2質量%、特に好ましくは0.0005~1質量%である。
現像液の吐出圧を調整する方法としては、例えば、ポンプなどで吐出圧を調整する方法、加圧タンクからの供給で圧力を調整することで変える方法などが挙げられる。
炭化水素系溶剤、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、アミド系溶剤及びエーテル系溶剤の具体例としては、有機溶剤を含む現像液において説明したものと同様のものを挙げることができる。
上記溶剤としては、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤、アルコール系溶剤、及び、アミド系溶剤からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種類の有機溶剤が好ましく、アルコール系溶剤又はエステル系溶剤がより好ましく、1価アルコールがさらに好ましく、炭素数5以上の1価アルコールが特に好ましい。
リンス工程で用いられる1価アルコールとしては、直鎖状、分岐状、環状の1価アルコールが挙げられ、具体的には、1-ブタノール、2-ブタノール、3-メチル-1-ブタノール、tert―ブチルアルコール、1-ペンタノール、2-ペンタノール、1-ヘキサノール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール、1-ヘプタノール、1-オクタノール、2-ヘキサノール、シクロペンタノール、2-ヘプタノール、2-オクタノール、3-ヘキサノール、3-ヘプタノール、3-オクタノール、4-オクタノールなどを用いることができ、特に好ましい炭素数5以上の1価アルコールとしては、1-ヘキサノール、2-ヘキサノール、4-メチル-2-ペンタノール、1-ペンタノール、3-メチル-1-ブタノールなどを用いることができる。
上記各成分は、複数混合してもよいし、上記以外の有機溶剤と混合し使用してもよい。
リンス液中の含水率は、10質量%以下が好ましく、より好ましくは5質量%以下、特に好ましくは3質量%以下である。
リンス液の蒸気圧は、20℃において、0.05~5kPaが好ましく、0.1~5kPaがより好ましく、0.12~3kPaが更に好ましい。
リンス液には、界面活性剤を適当量添加して使用することもできる。
本発明のパターン形成方法は、DSA(Directed Self-Assembly)におけるガイドパターン形成(例えば、ACS Nano Vol.4 No.8 Page4815-4823参照)にも用いることができる。
また、上記の方法によって形成されたレジストパターンは、例えば特開平3-270227号公報及び特開2013-164509号公報に開示されたスペーサープロセスの芯材(コア)として使用できる。
本発明は、上記した本発明のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法、及び、この製造方法により製造された電子デバイスにも関する。
本発明の電子デバイスは、電気電子機器(家電、OA(Office Automation)関連機器、メディア関連機器、光学用機器及び通信機器等)に、好適に、搭載される。
〈合成例1:樹脂(P-2)の合成〉
反応容器に、5.11gの化合物(1)と、9.46gの化合物(2)と、3.37gの化合物(3)と、0.62gの化合物(4)と、1.61gの重合開始剤V-601(和光純薬工業(株)製)と、34.46gのテトラヒドロフランを入れ、窒素ガス雰囲気下、室温で撹拌した。その後、60℃まで昇後、15時間に亘って加熱撹拌した後、これを室温まで放冷した。
上記反応溶液を、700gのヘプタン中に滴下し、ポリマーを沈殿させ、ろ過した。150gのヘプタンを用いて、ろ過した固体のかけ洗いを行なった。その後、洗浄後の固体を減圧乾燥に供して、13.36gの樹脂(P-2)を得た。
光酸発生剤としては、下記化合物を用いた。
塩基性化合物としては、下記化合物(N-3)及び(N-6)~(N-10)の何れかを用いた。なお、下記化合物(N-7)は、上述した化合物(PA)に該当するものであり、特開2006-330098号公報の段落[0354]の記載に基づいて合成した。
疎水性樹脂としては、下記疎水性樹脂HR-1及びHR-2の何れかを用いた。
S-1:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA;沸点(b.p.)=146℃)
S-2:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGME;b.p.=120℃)
S-3:乳酸エチル(b.p.=145℃)
S-4:シクロヘキサノン(b.p.=157℃)
界面活性剤としては、下記W-1~W-4を用いた。
W-1:メガファックR08(DIC(株)製)(フッ素及びシリコン系)
W-2:ポリシロキサンポリマーKP-341(信越化学工業(株)製)(シリコン系)
W-3:トロイゾルS-366(トロイケミカル(株)製;フッ素系)
W-4:PF6320(OMNOVA(株)製)(フッ素系)
現像液としては、以下のものを用いた。
G-1:酢酸ブチル
G-2:メチルアミルケトン(2-ヘプタノン)
G-3:アニソール
G-4:TMAH(2.38質量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液)
リンス液として、以下のものを用いた。
R-1:4-メチル-2-ペンタノール
R-2:1-ヘキサノール
R-3:デカン
R-4:水
〔感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物の塗液調製及び塗設〕
下表に示す組成(各成分の濃度(質量%)は全固形分濃度中の濃度を表す)を有する固形分濃度1.5質量%の塗液組成物を0.05μm孔径のメンブレンフィルターで精密ろ過して、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物(レジスト組成物)溶液を得た。
実施例7の組成物には、1.0質量%の疎水性樹脂HR-1を添加した。同様に、実施例8の組成物には、1.0質量%の疎水性樹脂HR-2を添加した。
この感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を、予めヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)処理を施した6インチSiウェハ上に東京エレクトロン製スピンコーターMark8を用いて塗布し、100℃、60秒間ホットプレート上で乾燥して、膜厚50nmのレジスト膜を得た。
実施例6のレジスト膜上には、疎水性樹脂HR-1を4-メチル-2-ペンタノールに溶解させたトップコート形成用樹脂組成物(固形分濃度3.0質量%)を用いて、厚さ300Åのトップコート層を形成した。
得られたレジスト膜の塗布されたウェハを、EUV露光装置(Exitech社製 Micro Exposure Tool、NA0.3、X-dipole、アウターシグマ0.68、インナーシグマ0.36)を用い、露光マスク(ライン:スペース=1:1)を使用して、パターン露光を行った。照射後、ホットプレート上で、100℃で60秒間加熱した後、下表に記載の現像液をパドルして30秒間現像し、下表に記載のリンス液を用いてリンスした後、4000rpmの回転数で30秒間ウェハを回転させた後、95℃で60秒間ベークを行なうことにより、線幅50nmの1:1ラインアンドスペースパターンのレジストパターンを得た。
得られたレジストパターンを下記の方法で、感度及びLERについて評価した。評価結果を下記表1に示す。
線幅50nmのライン:スペース=1:1のパターンを解像するときの照射エネルギーを感度(Eop)とした。この値が小さいほど、性能が良好であることを示す。
上記の線幅50nmのライン:スペース=1:1のパターンを、走査型電子顕微鏡((株)日立製作所製S-9260)を用いて観察した。そして、その長さ方向50μmに含まれる等間隔の30点について、エッジがあるべき基準線と実際のエッジとの間の距離を測定した。そして、この距離の標準偏差を求め、3σを算出した。そして、この3σを「LER(nm)」とした。値が小さいほど良好な性能であることを示す。
特に、Mg、Cu、Zn及びCsのいずれかの金属イオンを有する比較例1及び3~5は、金属イオンを有するものの、実施例1~13と比較して、感度が不十分であった。
なお、例えば、実施例3と実施例4との対比結果から、アルカリ現像液を用いた実施例4よりも、有機系現像液を用いた実施例3の方が、感度及びLERに優れる傾向にあることが分かった。
Claims (11)
- 酸の作用により極性が変化する樹脂(Ab)と、活性光線又は放射線の照射により酸を発生する化合物と、を含有し、
前記樹脂(Ab)が、金属イオンを含み、
前記金属イオンの金属種が、第1~10及び13~16族に属する金属種(ただし、Mg及びCsを除く)の少なくともいずれかである、感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。 - 前記樹脂(Ab)が、前記金属イオンを含む金属塩構造を有する、請求項1に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 前記Xaにおける前記酸基が、カルボキシル基である、請求項3に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて形成される感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の感活性光線性又は感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を形成する工程と、
前記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を露光する工程と、
前記露光された前記感活性光線性又は感放射線性膜を、現像液を用いて現像してパターンを形成する工程と、
を少なくとも備えるパターン形成方法。 - 前記露光が、電子線又はEUV光による露光である、請求項7に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 前記現像液が、アルカリ現像液である、請求項7又は8に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 前記現像液が、有機溶剤を含む現像液である、請求項7又は8に記載のパターン形成方法。
- 請求項7~10のいずれか1項に記載のパターン形成方法を含む、電子デバイスの製造方法。
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JPWO2016035560A1 (ja) | 2017-05-25 |
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TW201616221A (zh) | 2016-05-01 |
US10423068B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
US20170242338A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
JP6353546B2 (ja) | 2018-07-04 |
KR20170038046A (ko) | 2017-04-05 |
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