WO2016033865A1 - 扬声器模组 - Google Patents

扬声器模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016033865A1
WO2016033865A1 PCT/CN2014/090338 CN2014090338W WO2016033865A1 WO 2016033865 A1 WO2016033865 A1 WO 2016033865A1 CN 2014090338 W CN2014090338 W CN 2014090338W WO 2016033865 A1 WO2016033865 A1 WO 2016033865A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
casing
sound
absorbing material
speaker module
speaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/090338
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨鑫峰
徐同雁
汲鹏程
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goertek Inc
Original Assignee
Goertek Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Goertek Inc filed Critical Goertek Inc
Priority to US15/507,981 priority Critical patent/US20170289672A1/en
Publication of WO2016033865A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016033865A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2869—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself
    • H04R1/2876—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding
    • H04R1/288—Reduction of undesired resonances, i.e. standing waves within enclosure, or of undesired vibrations, i.e. of the enclosure itself by means of damping material, e.g. as cladding for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2819—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic products, and in particular to a speaker module.
  • the speaker module is an important acoustic component of a portable electronic device for converting between an electrical signal and a sound signal, and is an energy conversion device.
  • the existing speaker module usually includes a casing, and the speaker body houses a speaker unit, and the speaker unit divides the entire module cavity into two chambers of a front sound chamber and a rear sound chamber.
  • the technician usually adds sound-absorbing cotton in the rear sound cavity.
  • the sound-absorbing cotton can effectively reduce the F0 of the module and make the intermediate frequency curve smoother.
  • the degree of sound-absorbing cotton functioning in the rear sound chamber is directly related to the filling amount of the sound-absorbing cotton in the rear sound chamber. It is of positive significance to increase the performance of the speaker module by filling as much sound-absorbing cotton as possible in the rear sound chamber.
  • the rear sound cavity of the speaker module is usually irregular, and the existing sound-absorbing cotton is fixed in thickness.
  • a plurality of sound absorbing sounds can be used.
  • the cotton paste is patched together to ensure that the sound absorbing cotton is matched with the rear sound cavity, but this way, the fit between the sound absorbing cotton and the casing, and the compression ratio of the sound absorbing cotton are difficult to control, resulting in poor consistency of the module. And this method can only be pasted by manual, the labor intensity of the worker is large, the operation is difficult, and the labor cost is high, which leads to high production cost and low production efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a speaker module, the sound absorbing material of the speaker module can be completely matched with the rear sound cavity, so that the product has good consistency, low cost and high production efficiency.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a speaker module includes a housing in which a speaker unit is housed, the speaker unit includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system, and the speaker unit separates the entire inner cavity of the speaker module into a front a cavity for the acoustic cavity and the rear acoustic cavity, wherein the rear acoustic cavity is provided with a sound absorbing material, and the rear acoustic cavity is further provided with an isolation structure for isolating the sound absorbing material from the speaker unit, and the isolation structure is The sound chamber is divided into a filling area and a non-filling area, the sound absorbing material is located in the filling area, the sound absorbing material is made of a foaming material, and the sound absorbing material is formed by foaming the foaming material and filling Fill the fill area.
  • the isolation structure is provided with an aperture for airflow between the filling zone and the non-filling zone.
  • the isolation structure is a mesh structure.
  • the foaming material is PU, DWT or melamine.
  • the foamed material is foamed by a heating, ultrasonic or infrared lamp irradiation process to form the sound absorbing material.
  • the outer casing includes a first housing, a second housing, and a third housing that are coupled together, and the speaker unit, the second housing, and the third housing are collectively In the rear acoustic cavity, the isolation structure is vertically disposed between the second housing and the third housing.
  • the filling area has a cross section of approximately convex structure, wherein the height between the two is small, and the height of both ends is small; the structure of the sound absorbing material is the same as the structure of the filling area, and fills the entire filling area.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a basin frame fixed on the second casing, wherein the inner side of the inner side of the basin frame is sequentially provided with an inner magnet and an inner washer, and the inner side of the basin frame is sequentially provided with an outer portion a magnet and a huasi, the side of the outer casing adjacent to the second casing is provided with a positioning recess formed by a lack of material, and the inner wall of the second casing is provided with a positioning convex corresponding to the position of the positioning recess The positioning boss is coupled to the positioning recess.
  • the outer casing includes a first casing and a second casing that are coupled together, and the speaker unit, the first casing and the second casing collectively surround the rear An acoustic cavity, the isolation structure being disposed vertically between the first housing and the second housing.
  • the upper end and the lower end of the filling area are respectively provided with grooves respectively extending upward and downward of the filling area, and each of the grooves is a triangular groove with a large bottom and a sharp bottom, and the structure of the sound absorbing material is
  • the filling zone has a completely uniform structure and fills each of the grooves.
  • the foamed material is a solid material, the foamed material is first placed into the filling zone, and then the back sound cavity is sealed.
  • the foaming material is a liquid material
  • the back acoustic cavity is sealed first, and then the foamed material is injected into the filling zone through a leak hole of the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the sound module of the speaker module of the present invention is provided with a sound absorbing material
  • an isolation structure is further provided, and the isolation structure divides the rear sound chamber into a filling area and a non-filling area, the sound absorbing material is located in the filling area, and the sound absorbing material is foamed by the foaming material. It then forms and fills the entire fill area.
  • the foamed material is placed into the sound chamber of the module, and then the process of heating, ultrasonicizing, etc. causes the foaming material to expand and expand the filling area of the sound chamber, and the isolation structure acts as a barrier. Prevent the expansion of the foamed material into the speaker unit during foaming, affecting the performance of the speaker unit.
  • the sound absorbing material formed by foaming of the foaming material can completely conform to the casing surrounding the sound cavity, fully utilizing the space of the rear sound cavity, greatly reducing the F0 of the module, so that the frequency band of the module is wider, the intermediate frequency The curve is smoother and the acoustic performance of the module is better.
  • the sound absorbing material prepared by the foaming technology does not need to be manually completed, effectively reducing the number of workers, saving labor, reducing production costs, and improving production efficiency.
  • the sound absorbing material has a higher degree of fit to the sound cavity of the module, and the product consistency is good.
  • the speaker module of the present invention solves the technical problem of poor consistency and high production cost of the speaker module products in the prior art.
  • the speaker module of the invention has good acoustic performance, high production efficiency, low production cost, and consistent products. Good sex.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded structural view of a first embodiment of a speaker module of the present invention, which does not include a first housing;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a first embodiment of a speaker module of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a second embodiment of the speaker module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the speaker module of the present invention—the first housing is not mounted;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of the sound absorbing material and the second casing of the second embodiment of the speaker module of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of still another sound absorbing material processed by the foaming process
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional structural view of another sound absorbing material processed by a foaming process
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional structural view of still another sound absorbing material processed by a foaming process
  • first housing, 10b first housing, 12, sound hole, 20a, second housing, 20b, second housing, 22, ultrasonic line, 30a, third housing, 40a, Speaker unit, 40b, speaker unit, 41, dome, 42, diaphragm, 43, voice coil, 44, basin frame, 45, inner magnet, 46, outer magnet, 47, Neihua, 48, Waihua Division, 49, back ring, 50a, sound absorbing material, 50b, sound absorbing material, 60a, isolation structure, 60b, isolation structure.
  • orientations referred to in this specification refer to the direction of the vibration system of the speaker unit, and the orientation refers to the direction of the magnetic circuit system of the speaker unit;
  • the inner side referred to in this specification refers to the inner cavity or the single body of the module.
  • One side and the outer side of the cavity are located on one side of the module cavity or the outside of the monomer cavity.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a speaker module includes a casing composed of a first casing 10a, a second casing 20a and a third casing 30a joined together, a first casing 10a,
  • the speaker unit 40a is housed in a space surrounded by the second casing 20a and the third casing 30a.
  • the speaker unit 40a divides the entire module cavity into two chambers, a front sound chamber and a rear sound chamber.
  • the speaker unit 40a and the first housing 10a together define a front sound chamber, and the first housing 10a is provided with sound wave radiation.
  • the sound hole 12; the speaker unit 40a, the second housing 20a and the third housing 30a together form a rear sound chamber, the sound chamber is provided with a sound absorbing material 50a, and is also provided for isolating the sound absorbing material 50a and the speaker unit 40a.
  • Isolation structure 60a The isolation structure 60a is vertically disposed between the second housing 20a and the third housing 30a, which divides the entire rear acoustic chamber into a filling area and a non-filling area, and the isolation structure 60a is provided with sound waves in the filling area and the non-filling area.
  • the spacer structure 60a is preferably a mesh-like sheet structure, the sound absorbing material 50a is located in the filling region, and the lower half of the speaker unit 40a is located in the unfilled region.
  • the isolation structure 60a may be made of a plastic material or a metal material, and may be injection-molded or bonded to the housing.
  • the material of the sound absorbing material 50a may be a foamed material, and the sound absorbing material 50a may be formed by foaming the foamed material and filling the entire filling area.
  • the foamed material may include PU (Polyurethane, polyurethane), DWT (foaming sponge) or melamine, etc., the foaming material is placed in the filling area of the rear sound chamber when the module is assembled, and then foamed by heating, ultrasonic or infrared light irradiation, and filled The filling area of the entire rear cavity (seamlessly filled, fully fitted) forms a sound absorbing material 50a that completely conforms to the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the foaming material is not limited to the above three kinds, and the above three materials are preferred materials of the present invention, and a solid foaming material or a liquid foaming material may be selected in practical use. If the foamed material is a solid material, the foamed material is placed in the filling area of the rear acoustic cavity before the sealing of the rear acoustic cavity, and then the acoustic cavity is sealed, and then the foaming material is placed in the filling area of the rear acoustic cavity by the foaming process. The bubble expands and fills the filling area of the entire sound cavity to form a sound absorbing material that completely conforms to the filling area of the rear sound cavity.
  • the foaming material is a liquid material
  • the sound chamber is sealed first, and then the liquid foaming material is injected into the filling area of the back sound chamber through a leaking hole or the like of the rear sound chamber, and then injected into the back sound chamber filling region by a foaming process.
  • the foamed material foams, expands in volume and fills the filling area of the entire sound cavity to form a sound absorbing material that completely conforms to the rear sound cavity.
  • the sound absorbing material formed by the foaming of the foaming material is more simple and easy to manufacture, and can be completely fitted with the casing surrounding the sound chamber, thereby greatly improving the acoustic performance of the module and the consistency of the module.
  • the cross section of the filling zone is an approximate "convex" shape, the upper end of which is a concave-convex structure, and the lower end thereof has a planar structure, so that the structure of the entire filling zone has a large intermediate height and a small height on both sides.
  • the structure of the sound absorbing material 50a is completely the same as that of the filling area, and fills the entire filling area, and completely conforms to the second housing 20a, the third housing 30a and the isolation structure 60a surrounding the filling area, and is fully utilized.
  • the space of the sound cavity greatly reduces the F0 of the module, increases the bandwidth of the module, and makes the intermediate frequency curve of the module smoother.
  • the speaker unit 40a includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm 42 whose edge portion is fixed on the end surface of the second casing 20a.
  • the upper portion of the edge portion of the diaphragm 42 is fixed with a backing ring 49 for reinforcing the firmness of the fixing of the diaphragm 42 and preventing the diaphragm 42. It is detached from the second casing 20a when vibrating.
  • a dome 41 is fixed to an intermediate position of the diaphragm 42 near one side of the first casing 10a, and a voice coil 43 is fixed to the other side of the diaphragm 42.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a basin frame 44 fixed to the inner side of the second casing 20a.
  • the inner position of the inner side of the basin frame 44 is sequentially fixed with an inner magnet 45 and a inner washer 47.
  • the outer edge of the inner side of the basin frame 44 is fixed with an outer magnet 46 and Waihua Division 48.
  • Inner magnet 45 and Nehuasi 47 The inner magnetic circuit of the single body, the outer magnet 46 and the outer washer 48 constitute a single outer magnetic circuit, a magnetic gap is left between the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit, and the lower end portion of the voice coil 43 is located in the magnetic gap.
  • the voice coil 43 moves up and down in the magnetic gap according to the magnitude and direction of the acoustic electric signal passing through the winding, and the diaphragm 42 vibrates with the up and down movement of the voice coil 43 to incite the air to sound, thereby completing the electrical sound. Energy conversion.
  • the upper portion of the outer side of the outer casing 48 adjacent to the second casing 20a is provided with a positioning recess formed by a lack of material, and the inner wall of the second casing 20a is provided with a positioning boss at a position corresponding to the positioning recess.
  • the boss is combined at the positioning recess.
  • the end of the voice coil 43 away from the diaphragm 42 (ie, the end located in the magnetic gap) has a large number of turns and a large thickness, and can fully utilize the magnetic gap to increase the force of the magnetic field and increase the module. Sensitivity.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a speaker module includes a casing which is composed of a first casing 10b and a second casing 20b which are joined together.
  • the speaker housing 40b is accommodated in a space surrounded by the first housing 10b and the second housing 20b, and the speaker unit 40b divides the entire module cavity into two chambers, a front sound chamber and a rear sound chamber, and the speaker unit 40b,
  • the first housing 10b and the second housing 20b together form a rear acoustic cavity of the module.
  • the sound chamber is provided with a sound absorbing material 50b, and an isolation structure 60b for isolating the sound absorbing material 50b from the speaker unit 40b.
  • the isolation structure 60b is vertically disposed between the first housing 10b and the second housing 20b.
  • the isolation structure 60b The entire rear acoustic cavity is divided into a filled area and a non-filled area, the sound absorbing material 50b is located in the filling area, and the lower half of the speaker unit 40b is located in the unfilled area.
  • the structure and material of the isolation structure 60b in this embodiment are the same as those of the isolation structure 60a (shown in FIG. 2) in the first embodiment, and therefore will not be described again.
  • the material and manufacturing process of the sound absorbing material 50b in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the difference is only in the structure of the sound absorbing material 50b and the sound absorbing material 50a (as shown in FIG. The structure shown in 1) is different.
  • the filling area of the rear acoustic cavity is an irregular structure, and is filled.
  • the upper end of the zone is provided with two grooves extending longitudinally above the filling zone, the two grooves are triangular grooves with a large bottom and a sharp bottom, as shown in parts A and B of FIG. 3; the lower end of the filling zone is a step
  • the structure has a groove extending longitudinally below the filling region at one side edge of the stepped structure, and the groove is also a triangular groove having a large bottom and a sharp opening, as shown in part C of FIG.
  • the structure of the sound absorbing material 50b is the same as that of the filling zone, filling the entire filling area, including the bottom of each triangular groove.
  • the second casing 20b is provided with an ultrasonic wire 22 at a position where it is combined with the first casing 10b, and the first casing 10b is ultrasonically sealed with the second casing 20b.
  • the present embodiment is different only in the structure of the speaker module, and the technical problems solved are the same as the technical means used to solve the technical problem, and the technical effects obtained by using the technical means are the same. Both embodiments are singular.
  • the present specification is only an example of the technical solution in which the sound absorbing material of the present invention is made of a foaming material and processed by a foaming process, and the technical solution can be applied to any practical application.
  • a speaker module in which a sound absorbing material is disposed in a rear acoustic cavity can be realized by a person skilled in the art according to the description of the present specification without requiring creative labor. Therefore, a technique for using a sound absorbing material by a foaming material through a foaming process is known.
  • the specific implementation of the solution to other structural speaker modules will not be described in detail herein.
  • the speaker module and the structure of the speaker unit housed therein are the same as the above two embodiments, as long as the sound absorbing material disposed in the rear sound cavity is a product obtained by using a foaming material and being foamed.
  • the sound absorbing material disposed in the rear sound cavity is a product obtained by using a foaming material and being foamed.
  • the structure of the sound absorbing material prepared by the foaming material is not limited to the structure described in the above two embodiments, and the sound absorbing material of various structures which completely fits the sound cavity of the module can be processed according to the structure of the sound cavity of the module.
  • one side is a structure in which the other side of the step surface is a circular arc surface
  • the structure shown in FIG. 7 is a stepped surface
  • the side shown in FIG. 8 is a plane on the side of the step surface. Structure and other sound absorbing materials.
  • the names of the first housing, the second housing, and the third housing involved in the first embodiment of the present invention are only for distinguishing technical features, and do not represent the installation sequence, work order, positional relationship, and the like between the three.
  • first housing and the second housing involved in the second embodiment of the present invention is only for distinguishing technical features, and does not represent the installation sequence, the working sequence, the positional relationship, and the like between the two.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种扬声器模组，涉及电声产品技术领域，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有扬声器单体，所述扬声器单体包括振动系统和磁路系统，所述扬声器单体将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，所述后声腔内设有吸音材料，所述后声腔还设有用于隔离所述吸音材料与所述扬声器单体的隔离结构，所述隔离结构将整个后声腔分隔为填充区和非填充区，所述吸音材料位于所述填充区，所述吸音材料的材质为发泡材料，所述吸音材料由所述发泡材料发泡后形成并填满所述填充区。本发明扬声器模组解决了现有技术中扬声器模组产品一致性差，生产成本高的技术问题，本发明扬声器模组声学性能好，生产效率高，生产成本低，且产品一致性好。

Description

扬声器模组 技术领域
本发明涉及电声产品技术领域，特别涉及一种扬声器模组。
背景技术
扬声器模组是便携式电子设备的重要声学部件，用于完成电信号与声音信号之间的转换，是一种能量转换器件。现有的扬声器模组通常包括外壳，外壳内收容有扬声器单体，扬声器单体将整个模组内腔分隔成前声腔和后声腔两个腔体。为了降低模组的F0(低频)，扩展带宽，技术人员通常会在后声腔内增设吸音棉，吸音棉可有效的降低模组的F0，并且使得中频曲线更为平滑，是扬声器模组内的一个重要部件。吸音棉在后声腔中起作用的程度与后声腔中吸音棉的填充量有着直接的关系，在后声腔尽可能多的填充吸音棉对扬声器模组性能的提升具有积极的意义。
现阶段扬声器模组的后声腔通常为不规则形状，而现有的吸音棉厚度是固定的，要想将厚度固定的吸音棉填充到这种高低起伏的后声腔中，只能采用多块吸音棉粘贴拼凑的方式来保证吸音棉与后声腔相适配，但是这种方式使得吸音棉与壳体间的贴合度，及吸音棉的压缩比等都很难控制，导致模组的一致性差；且这种方式只能通过人工来粘贴，工人的劳动强度大，操作难度高，导致人工成本高，从而导致产品生产成本高，生产效率低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种扬声器模组，此扬声器模组的吸音材料可与后声腔完全贴合，从而产品的一致性好，成本低，生产效率高。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有扬声器单体，所述扬声器单体包括振动系统和磁路系统，所述扬声器单体将所述扬声器模组的整个内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，所述后声腔内设有吸音材料，所述后声腔还设有用于隔离所述吸音材料与所述扬声器单体的隔离结构，所述隔离结构将整 个后声腔分隔为填充区和非填充区，所述吸音材料位于所述填充区内，所述吸音材料的材质为发泡材料，所述吸音材料由所述发泡材料发泡后形成并填满所述填充区。
其中，所述隔离结构上设有用于气流在所述填充区与所述非填充区之间流通的孔隙。
其中，所述隔离结构为网状结构。
其中，所述发泡材料为PU、DWT或三聚氰胺。
其中，所述发泡材料经过加热、超声或红外灯照射工艺发泡形成所述吸音材料。
作为一种实施方式，所述外壳包括结合在一起的第一壳体、第二壳体和第三壳体，所述扬声器单体、所述第二壳体和所述第三壳体共同围成所述后声腔，所述隔离结构垂直设置在所述第二壳体与所述第三壳体之间。
其中，所述填充区的横截面为近似凸字结构，其中间高度大，两端高度小；所述吸音材料的结构与所述填充区的结构相同，并充满整个所述填充区。
其中，所述磁路系统包括固定在所述第二壳体上的盆架，所述盆架内侧的中部依次设有内磁铁和内华司，所述盆架内侧的边缘部位依次设有外磁铁和外华司，所述外华司靠近所述第二壳体的一侧设有缺料形成的定位凹陷，所述第二壳体的内壁上对应所述定位凹陷的位置设有定位凸台，所述定位凸台结合于所述定位凹陷处。
作为另一种实施方式，所述外壳包括结合在一起的第一壳体和第二壳体，所述扬声器单体、所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体共同围成所述后声腔，所述隔离结构垂直设置在所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体之间。
其中，所述填充区的上端和下端均设有分别向所述填充区上方和下方延伸的凹槽，各所述凹槽均为开口大底部尖的三角凹槽，所述吸音材料的结构与所述填充区的结构完全一致，并充满各所述凹槽。
作为一种实施方式，所述发泡材料为固体材料，先将所述发泡材料放置到所述填充区内，然后再密封所述后声腔。
作为另一种实施方式，所述发泡材料为液体材料，先密封所述后声腔，然后通过所述后声腔的泄漏孔将所述发泡材料注射到所述填充区内。
采用了上述技术方案后，本发明的有益效果是：
由于本发明扬声器模组的后声腔内设有吸音材料，还设有隔离结构，隔离结构将后声腔分隔为填充区和非填充区，吸音材料位于填充区内，吸音材料由发泡材料发泡后形成并填满整个填充区。在模组组装时将发泡材料放置到模组后声腔内，然后经过加热、超声等工艺使得发泡材料发泡体积膨胀并填满整个后声腔的填充区，隔离结构起到阻隔作用，可以防止发泡材料发泡时膨胀到扬声器单体内，影响扬声器单体的性能。由发泡材料发泡后形成的吸音材料可与围成后声腔的壳体完全贴合，充分利用了后声腔的空间，大大的降低了模组的F0，使得模组的频带更宽，中频曲线更为平滑，模组的声学性能更佳。同时这种由发泡技术制得的吸音材料不需要人工来完成，有效的减少了工人的数量，节省了人工，降低了生产成本，提高了生产效率。并且吸音材料与模组后声腔的贴合程度更高，产品一致性好。
综上所述，本发明扬声器模组解决了现有技术中扬声器模组产品一致性差，生产成本高的技术问题，本发明扬声器模组声学性能好，生产效率高，生产成本低，且产品一致性好。
附图说明
图1是本发明扬声器模组实施例一的立体分解结构示意图—未包含第一壳体；
图2是本发明扬声器模组实施例一的剖面结构示意图；
图3是本发明扬声器模组实施例二的剖面结构示意图；
图4是本发明扬声器模组实施例二的结构示意图—未安装第一壳体；
图5是本发明扬声器模组实施例二的吸音材料及第二壳体的分解结构示意图；
图6是发泡工艺加工的又一种吸音材料的截面结构图；
图7是发泡工艺加工的另一种吸音材料的截面结构图；
图8是发泡工艺加工的再一种吸音材料的截面结构图；
图中：10a、第一壳体，10b、第一壳体，12、声孔，20a、第二壳体，20b、第二壳体，22、超声线，30a、第三壳体，40a、扬声器单体，40b、扬声器单体，41、球顶，42、振膜，43、音圈，44、盆架，45、内磁铁，46、外磁铁，47、内华司，48、外华司，49、垫环，50a、吸音材料，50b、吸音材料，60a、隔离结构，60b、隔离结构。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
本说明书中涉及到的方位上均指扬声器单体的振动系统的方向，方位下均指扬声器单体的磁路系统的方向；本说明书中涉及到的内侧均指位于模组内腔或单体内腔内的一侧，外侧均指位于模组内腔或单体内腔外的一侧。
实施例一：
如图1和图2共同所示，一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，外壳由结合在一起的第一壳体10a、第二壳体20a和第三壳体30a构成，第一壳体10a、第二壳体20a和第三壳体30a围成的空间内收容有扬声器单体40a。扬声器单体40a将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，扬声器单体40a和第一壳体10a共同围成前声腔，第一壳体10a上设有用于声波辐射出去的声孔12；扬声器单体40a、第二壳体20a和第三壳体30a共同围成后声腔，后声腔内设有吸音材料50a，还设有用于隔离吸音材料50a与扬声器单体40a的隔离结构60a。隔离结构60a垂直设置在第二壳体20a与第三壳体30a之间，其将整个后声腔分隔为填充区和非填充区，隔离结构60a上设有用于声波在填充区与非填充区之间流通的孔隙，本实施例优选隔离结构60a为网状的薄片结构，吸音材料50a位于填充区内，扬声器单体40a的下半部分位于非填充区内。隔离结构60a可以为塑料材质或金属材质，其与壳体之间可以采用注塑结合，也可以采用粘贴结合。
如图1和图2共同所示，吸音材料50a的材质可以为发泡材料，吸音材料50a可以由发泡材料发泡后形成并填满整个填充区。发泡材料可以包括PU (Polyurethane，聚氨酯)、DWT(发泡海绵)或三聚氰胺等，上述发泡材料在模组组装时放置到后声腔的填充区内，然后通过加热、超声或红外灯照射等工艺发泡，并填满整个后声腔的填充区(无缝填充，全贴合)，从而形成与后声腔完全贴合的吸音材料50a。发泡材料不限于上述三种，上述三种材料为本发明的优选材料，实际应用中可以选择固体的发泡材料，也可以选择液体的发泡材料。如发泡材料为固体材料，则在后声腔密封之前将发泡材料放置到后声腔的填充区内，再密封后声腔，然后通过发泡工艺使得放在后声腔填充区内的发泡材料发泡，体积膨胀并填满整个后声腔的填充区，形成与后声腔的填充区完全贴合的吸音材料。如果发泡材料为液体材料，则先密封后声腔，然后通过后声腔的泄漏孔等位置将液体发泡材料注射到后声腔的填充区内，然后通过发泡工艺使得注射到后声腔填充区内的发泡材料发泡，体积膨胀并填满整个后声腔的填充区，形成与后声腔完全贴合的吸音材料。此种通过发泡材料发泡形成的吸音材料加工制作更为简单易行，可与围成后声腔的壳体完全贴合，大的提高了模组的声学性能及模组的一致性。
如图2所示，填充区的截面为一近似的“凸”字形，其上端为凹凸结构，其下端为平面结构，故整个填充区的结构为中间高度大，两侧高度小。吸音材料50a的结构与填充区的结构完全相同，并填满整个填充区，与围成填充区的第二壳体20a、第三壳体30a及隔离结构60a完全贴合，充分的利用了后声腔的空间，大幅度的降低了模组的F0，增加了模组的频带宽度，并且使得模组的中频曲线更为平滑。
如图2所示，扬声器单体40a包括振动系统和磁路系统。振动系统包括边缘部固定在第二壳体20a端面上的振膜42，振膜42边缘部的上部固定有垫环49，垫环49用于加强振膜42固定的牢固度，防止振膜42在振动时从第二壳体20a上脱落。振膜42靠近第一壳体10a的一侧的中间位置固定有球顶41，振膜42的另一侧固定有音圈43。磁路系统包括固定在第二壳体20a内侧的盆架44，盆架44内侧的中间位置依次固定有内磁铁45和内华司47，盆架44内侧的边缘位置依次固定有外磁铁46和外华司48。内磁铁45和内华司47构 成单体的内磁路，外磁铁46和外华司48构成单体的外磁路，内磁路与外磁路之间留有磁间隙，音圈43的下端部位于磁间隙内。音圈43根据通过其绕线内的声波电信号的大小和方向在磁间隙内做上下运动，振膜42随着音圈43的上下运动而振动，策动空气发声，从而完成电声之间的能量转换。
如图2所示，外华司48靠近第二壳体20a的一侧的上部设有缺料形成的定位凹陷，第二壳体20a的内壁上对应定位凹陷的位置设有定位凸台，定位凸台结合在定位凹陷处。此种结构增加了外华司48与第二壳体20a的接触面积，提高了外华司48与第二壳体20a间结合的牢固度，可有效的避免外磁路在磁场的作用下向内磁路靠近，提升了产品的稳定性。
如图2所示，音圈43远离振膜42的一端(即位于磁间隙内的一端)绕线匝数多，厚度大，可充分的利用磁间隙，提高磁场的作用力，增加了模组的灵敏度。
实施例二：
如图3和图4共同所示，一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，外壳由结合在一起的第一壳体10b和第二壳体20b构成。第一壳体10b和第二壳体20b围成的空间内收容有扬声器单体40b，扬声器单体40b将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，扬声器单体40b、第一壳体10b和第二壳体20b共同围成模组的后声腔。后声腔内设有吸音材料50b，还设有用于隔离吸音材料50b与扬声器单体40b的隔离结构60b，隔离结构60b垂直设置在第一壳体10b和第二壳体20b之间，隔离结构60b将整个后声腔分隔为填充区和非填充区，吸音材料50b位于填充区内，扬声器单体40b的下半部分位于非填充区内。
如图4所示，本实施例中的隔离结构60b与实施例一中隔离结构60a(如图2所示)的结构和材质均相同，故在此不再赘述。
如图3和图5共同所示，本实施例中的吸音材料50b的材质及制作工艺均与实施例一中的相同，其不同之处仅在于吸音材料50b的结构与吸音材料50a(如图1所示)的结构不同。
如图3和图5共同所示，本实施例中后声腔的填充区为不规则结构，填充 区的上端设有两条向填充区上方纵向延伸的凹槽，两条凹槽均为开口大底部尖的三角凹槽，如图3的A部和B部所示；填充区的下端为阶梯结构，在阶梯结构的一侧边缘设有一向填充区下方纵向延伸的凹槽，此凹槽也为开口大底部尖的三角凹槽，如图3的C部所示。吸音材料50b的结构与填充区的结构相同，充满整个填充区，包括各三角凹槽的底部。
如图3和图5共同所示，第二壳体20b上与第一壳体10b相结合的位置设有超声线22，第一壳体10b与第二壳体20b超声密封结合。
本实施例与实施例一相比仅是扬声器模组的结构不同，所解决的技术问题，与解决该技术问题所采用的技术手段，以及采用了该技术手段后取得的技术效果均相同，故此两个实施例具有单一性。
本说明书仅是以上述两个实施例描述的模组为例对本发明吸音材料采用发泡材料并通过发泡工艺加工而成的技术方案进行的举例说明，实际应用中此技术方案可应用到任何一种后声腔内设置吸音材料的扬声器模组中，本领域技术人员根据本说明书的阐述，不需要付出创造性劳动即可实现，故关于采用吸音材料由发泡材料经发泡工艺制得的技术方案应用到其它结构扬声器模组中的具体实施方式在此不再一一详述。且无论扬声器模组及收容在其内的扬声器单体的结构是否与上述两实施例相同，只要是设置在后声腔内的吸音材料是采用发泡材料并通过发泡工艺制得的产品均落入本发明的保护范围内。
通过发泡材料制得的吸音材料的结构也不限于上述两实施例中描述的结构，其可以根据模组后声腔结构的不同加工出与模组后声腔完全贴合的各种结构的吸音材料，如图6所示的一侧为阶梯面另一侧为圆弧面的结构、图7所示的两侧均为阶梯面的结构、图8所示的一侧为阶梯面一侧为平面的结构等吸音材料。
本发明实施例一中涉及到的第一壳体、第二壳体和第三壳体的命名只是为了区别技术特征，并不代表三者之间的安装顺序、工作顺序以及位置关系等。
本发明实施例二中涉及到的第一壳体和第二壳体的命名只是为了区别技术特征，不代表二者之间的安装顺序，工作顺序以及位置关系等。
本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式，本领域的普通技术人员从上述构思出发，不经过创造性的劳动，所做出的种种变换，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有扬声器单体，所述扬声器单体包括振动系统和磁路系统，所述扬声器单体将所述扬声器模组的整个内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，所述后声腔内设有吸音材料，其特征在于，所述后声腔还设有用于隔离所述吸音材料与所述扬声器单体的隔离结构，所述隔离结构将整个所述后声腔分隔为填充区和非填充区；所述吸音材料位于所述填充区内，所述吸音材料的材质为发泡材料，所述吸音材料由所述发泡材料发泡后形成并填满所述填充区。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述隔离结构上设有用于气流在所述填充区与所述非填充区之间流通的孔隙。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述隔离结构为网状结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述发泡材料为PU、DWT或三聚氰胺。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述发泡材料经过加热、超声或红外灯照射工艺发泡形成所述吸音材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一权利要求所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述外壳包括结合在一起的第一壳体、第二壳体和第三壳体，所述扬声器单体、所述第二壳体和所述第三壳体共同围成所述后声腔，所述隔离结构垂直设置在所述第二壳体与所述第三壳体之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述填充区的横截面为近似凸字结构，其中间高度大，两端高度小；所述吸音材料的结构与所述填充区的结构相同，并充满整个所述填充区。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括固定在所述第二壳体上的盆架，所述盆架内侧的中部依次设有内磁铁和内华司，所述盆架内侧的边缘部位依次设有外磁铁和外华司，所述外华司靠近所述第二壳体的一侧设有缺料形成的定位凹陷，所述第二壳体的内壁上对应所述定位凹陷的位置设有定位凸台，所述定位凸台结合于所述定位凹陷处。
  9. 根据权利要求1至5任一权利要求所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所 述外壳包括结合在一起的第一壳体和第二壳体，所述扬声器单体、所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体共同围成所述后声腔，所述隔离结构垂直设置在所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述填充区的上端和下端均设有分别向所述填充区上方和下方延伸的凹槽，各所述凹槽均为开口大底部尖的三角凹槽，所述吸音材料的结构与所述填充区的结构完全一致，并充满各所述凹槽。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述发泡材料为固体材料，先将所述发泡材料放置到所述填充区内，然后再密封所述后声腔。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述发泡材料为液体材料，先密封所述后声腔，然后通过所述后声腔的泄漏孔将所述发泡材料注射到所述填充区内。
PCT/CN2014/090338 2014-09-01 2014-11-05 扬声器模组 Ceased WO2016033865A1 (zh)

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