WO2016030945A1 - Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016030945A1
WO2016030945A1 PCT/JP2014/072164 JP2014072164W WO2016030945A1 WO 2016030945 A1 WO2016030945 A1 WO 2016030945A1 JP 2014072164 W JP2014072164 W JP 2014072164W WO 2016030945 A1 WO2016030945 A1 WO 2016030945A1
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Prior art keywords
primary
liquid
reverse osmosis
osmosis membrane
treated
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PCT/JP2014/072164
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
嘉晃 伊藤
英夫 岩橋
克憲 松井
貴一 ▲徳▼永
匡仙 河田
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Priority to JP2016545103A priority Critical patent/JP6398132B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2014/072164 priority patent/WO2016030945A1/fr
Publication of WO2016030945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016030945A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus for removing a solute from a liquid to be treated using a reverse osmosis membrane to obtain a liquid having a low solute concentration, and an operation method thereof.
  • a water treatment apparatus for obtaining fresh water from seawater or purifying industrial water to obtain clean water
  • a water treatment apparatus provided with a reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • a treatment apparatus As such a water treatment apparatus, there is a treatment apparatus described in Patent Document 1 below.
  • a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane devices are connected in series to the flow of the liquid to be treated.
  • a device for adding a bactericidal agent or an alkaline solution is provided upstream of the plurality of reverse osmosis membrane devices.
  • an object of this invention is to provide the water treatment apparatus which can continue water treatment over a long period of time, and its operating method.
  • a water treatment apparatus comprising: A primary reverse osmosis membrane device having a primary casing, and a primary reverse osmosis membrane that divides the inside of the primary casing into a primary fluid passing portion and a primary permeable portion, and a liquid to be treated is treated as the primary fluid passing portion.
  • a liquid feed line to be fed, a primary water supply apparatus for pressure-feeding the liquid to the primary liquid passing portion through the liquid to be treated line, a secondary casing, and a secondary liquid flow portion in the secondary casing A secondary reverse osmosis membrane device having a secondary reverse osmosis membrane partitioned into a secondary permeation part, and a primary treatment liquid obtained by passing the liquid to be treated through the primary reverse osmosis membrane device;
  • a secondary reverse osmosis membrane device and a position between the secondary water supply device are connected to bypass the treated liquid to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, and the primary from the treated liquid line
  • the operating condition including the normal operating condition in which the liquid to be treated is sent to the primary fluid passing portion of the reverse osmosis membrane device and the primary treatment liquid from the primary reverse osmosis membrane device is sent to the secondary water supply device is And a bypass switching device for bringing the liquid to be treated into the bypass operation state of sending it to the secondary water supply device from the liquid line via the bypass line.
  • the liquid to be treated is pressure-fed by the primary water supply device through the liquid treatment line into the primary liquid passing portion of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • the primary treatment liquid obtained by passing the treatment liquid through the primary reverse osmosis membrane device is subjected to secondary reverse osmosis at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid by the secondary water supply device through the primary treatment liquid line.
  • the pressure is fed into the secondary flow-through portion of the membrane device. For this reason, a part of the primary treatment liquid that has been pressure-fed into the secondary flow-through portion reversely permeates the secondary reverse osmosis membrane, and reaches the inside of the secondary permeation portion as a permeate.
  • the primary treatment solution that did not reach the secondary permeation unit is concentrated in the solute and discharged from the secondary passage.
  • running state is switched to a bypass driving
  • the liquid to be treated does not flow into the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, and the secondary water supply device passes through the bypass line and the primary treatment liquid line into the secondary fluid passing portion of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device. Pump it.
  • the liquid to be treated that has been pressure-fed into the secondary flow-through portion is treated by the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device in the same manner as the aforementioned primary treatment liquid.
  • the liquid to be treated does not flow into the primary reverse osmosis membrane device. Therefore, in this bypass operation state, for example, the primary reverse osmosis membrane device can be replaced with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device, or the primary reverse osmosis membrane device can be disassembled and repaired.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device is replaced with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device while the treatment of the liquid to be treated is performed by the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device be able to. For this reason, in the said water treatment apparatus, water treatment can be continued over a long period of time.
  • the bypass operation state is an operation state for replacing the primary reverse osmosis membrane device with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device, etc.
  • the step of executing this bypass operating state is a step of executing the normal operating state. It is temporarily executed in the interval. For this reason, even if this bypass operation state is executed, it is possible to avoid that a large amount of foreign matter is deposited on the secondary flow-through portions of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices. It is possible to suppress the decrease in processing capacity.
  • the primary water supply device is a water supply device for pressure-feeding the liquid to be treated to the primary fluid passage portion at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated, and the primary treatment liquid line is While being connected to the said primary passing part side of the said primary casing, you may be connected to the said secondary passing part side of the said secondary casing.
  • the liquid to be treated does not reverse osmose the primary reverse osmosis membrane, and passes through the primary fluid passing portion. For this reason, in this primary reverse osmosis membrane device, the ability of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device to flow out the inflowing liquid, that is, that in the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, that is to say, the treated liquid reverse osmosis of the primary reverse osmosis membrane. It is possible to suppress the decrease in processing capacity. Therefore, in the said water treatment apparatus, water treatment can be continued over a longer period of time.
  • the primary water supply device pumps the liquid to be treated to the primary flow-through portion at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated
  • the primary flow is the primary flow-through portion.
  • a treated liquid inlet and a primary treated liquid outlet for communicating the liquid and the outside, and a permeated liquid outlet for communicating the primary permeable portion and the outside, and the treated liquid line includes the treated liquid flow.
  • the primary treatment liquid line may be connected to the inlet and may be connected to the primary treatment liquid outlet.
  • the backwashing solution for transmitting a backwash liquid having a solute concentration lower than that of the liquid to be treated from the permeated liquid outlet to the primary permeable part
  • a cleaning solution discharge line to be discharged to the outside.
  • the inside of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus can be backwashed. For this reason, in the said water treatment apparatus, even if the processing capacity of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus falls, the processing capacity can be recovered easily.
  • the liquid to be treated is sent from the liquid line to be treated through the liquid inlet to the inside of the primary flow passage portion, and the liquid flow from the primary flow passage portion
  • the primary treatment liquid is sent to the secondary water supply device through the primary treatment liquid line
  • the backwash device is sent to the primary permeation unit and passes through the primary reverse osmosis membrane to the primary fluid passage unit. Reverse switching the operation state between the backwashing state in which the liquid containing the backwash liquid is discharged to the outside from the cleaning liquid discharge line through the liquid line or the primary treatment liquid line You may provide the washing switch apparatus.
  • running state of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus can be easily switched to a backwashing state.
  • the cleaning liquid discharge line is connected to the liquid to be treated line, and the liquid to be treated line and the primary treatment liquid line are connected, and the to-be-treated is
  • the cleaning liquid discharge line includes a reverse liquid flow line for guiding the liquid to be treated that has passed through the liquid line from the primary treatment liquid outlet to the primary liquid flow portion through the primary treatment liquid line, and the cleaning solution discharge line
  • the processing liquid line is connected to the processing liquid inlet side with respect to the position where the reverse liquid flow line is connected, and the backwashing switching device is configured to connect the backwashing liquid from the backwashing device Is sent to the primary permeation unit, and the liquid to be treated is sent from the liquid treatment line through the reverse liquid flow line, the primary treatment liquid line, and the primary treatment liquid outlet into the primary flow passage.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device In the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, a large amount of foreign matter is trapped in the upstream side portion in the primary liquid flow portion, in other words, the portion on the treated liquid inlet side in the primary liquid flow portion, and many foreign matter are collected in this portion accumulate.
  • the liquid to be treated flows from the primary treatment outlet side to the liquid to be treated inlet side in the primary liquid flow portion, and flows in the opposite direction to the normal operation state. For this reason, in the said water treatment apparatus, the foreign material deposited in the primary passing part of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus can be eliminated efficiently.
  • a control device that instructs the backwashing switching device to switch from the normal operation state to the backwashing state when a predetermined condition is satisfied. May be provided.
  • the pressure in the liquid line to be treated and the primary treatment liquid line in the primary treatment liquid line side and the primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus side with respect to the secondary water supply apparatus may be configured to instruct switching from the normal operation state to the backwashing state.
  • the resistance of the liquid to be treated flowing in the primary fluid passing portion increases, and the fluid to be treated flows into the fluid inlet of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • the pressure difference between the pressure of the treatment liquid and the pressure of the primary treatment liquid flowing out of the primary treatment liquid outlet increases, the flow rate of the liquid passing through the primary flow passage decreases. So, in the said water treatment apparatus, the pressure difference with the pressure in a to-be-processed liquid line and the pressure in a primary treatment liquid line in the normal operation state in the position by the side of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus rather than a secondary water supply apparatus.
  • the operating state of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device is switched to the backwashing state, the inside of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device is backwashed, and recovery of the flow rate of the liquid passing through the primary fluid passing portion is achieved.
  • the control device causes the bypass switching device to switch from the normal operation state to the bypass operation state, and from the bypass operation state. It may be instructed to switch to the normal operation state.
  • running state of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus can be easily switched to a bypass driving
  • the backwashing device is disposed at a position higher than the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, and a backwashing liquid tank in which the backwashing liquid is stored; It may have a backwashing fluid line which connects the above-mentioned backwashing fluid tank and the above-mentioned permeated fluid outlet.
  • transmission part permeates a primary reverse osmosis membrane forward by a positive osmotic pressure, and flows in in a primary pouring part.
  • the hydraulic pressure of the water level difference of the water level of the backwash liquid in a backwash liquid tank and the water level of the backwash liquid in a primary permeation part applies to the backwash liquid in a primary permeation part.
  • the power consumption by backwashing in a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus can be restrained.
  • the permeated fluid obtained by passing the primary treatment fluid through the secondary reverse osmosis membrane of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device is reversed as the reverse fluid.
  • a permeate supply line may be provided to be sent to the backwash device as a wash.
  • the permeate has a much lower concentration of solute than the liquid to be treated, so it is easy to forward permeate the primary reverse osmosis membrane. Therefore, in the said water treatment apparatus, it can backwash efficiently by utilizing permeated fluid as a backwash liquid. In addition, in the water treatment apparatus, since the permeated water created by the water treatment apparatus itself is used, the cost for securing the backwash liquid can be suppressed.
  • the water treatment apparatus may further include a bactericide supply device for supplying a bactericide for killing the organisms in the primary fluid-passing portion to the primary fluid-passing portion.
  • the sterilizing agent supply device may supply the sterilizing agent to the primary flow passage portion and the secondary flow passage portion.
  • the water treatment apparatus may further include an acid agent supply device for supplying an acid agent for removing the scale in the secondary fluid-passing portion to the secondary fluid-passing portion.
  • the acidic agent supply apparatus may supply the said acidic agent to the inside of the said 1st pouring part and the said 2nd pouring part.
  • any one of the water treatment devices wherein a treatment liquid inlet and a primary treatment liquid outlet are formed in the casing of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, a plurality of the primary reverse osmosis membrane devices are provided, and the treatment target is
  • the liquid line is branched to the treated liquid main line connected to the primary water supply device and the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices from the treated liquid main line, and the treated water of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device
  • a treatment liquid branch line connected to the treatment liquid flow inlet, and the primary treatment liquid line is a primary treatment liquid main line connected to the secondary water supply device, and the primary treatment liquid main line
  • a primary treatment liquid branch line branched from the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices and connected to the primary treatment liquid outlet of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device, and the bypass line is Said treatment from the primary water supply device
  • the liquid may be a line for bypassing to all of the plurality of the primary reverse osmosis unit
  • the said water treatment apparatus several primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatuses are arrange
  • the osmotic membrane device can be kept in normal operation. Therefore, the water treatment apparatus can continue water treatment for a longer period of time.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device may be reverse osmosis membrane devices of the same type.
  • the foreign material deposition property of a primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus and the foreign material deposition property of a secondary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus are the same, the foreign material which may be deposited in the secondary passing part of a secondary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus Capturability by the primary reverse osmosis membrane device can be enhanced.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane are the same material.
  • the member for securing the flow passage of the primary flow passage portion and the member for securing the flow passage of the secondary flow passage portion are formed in the same form and by the same material.
  • an operation method of a water treatment apparatus A casing; and a reverse osmosis membrane that divides the interior of the casing into a liquid passage portion and a permeation portion, and the casing includes a first port and a second port that communicate the liquid passage portion with the outside.
  • a method of operating a water treatment apparatus comprising a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane devices having the third port communicating with the permeable portion and the outside, at least one reverse of the plurality of reverse osmosis membrane devices is provided.
  • the osmotic membrane device is a primary reverse osmosis membrane device, the remaining reverse osmosis membrane devices are secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices, and the liquid to be treated is from the first port of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device in the liquid passing portion And the liquid to be treated passes through the primary reverse osmosis membrane device as a primary treatment liquid at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid from the first port of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device A normal operation step of pressure feeding into the liquid passing portion of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device; The liquid to be treated is bypassed to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device, and the liquid to be treated is passed through the first port of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated.
  • the operation state including the normal operation state which is the operation state during execution of the normal operation step and the bypass operation step of pressure-feeding into the liquid passing portion of the next reverse osmosis membrane device is the operation state during execution of the bypass step And performing a bypass switching step of setting the bypass operation state.
  • the liquid to be treated in the normal operation step, is introduced into the liquid passing portion from the one port of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated.
  • the solution to be treated is pumped, and the liquid to be treated passes through the primary fluid passing portion, and the fluid discharged from the two ports is pressure fed as the primary treatment fluid from the one port of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device to the fluid passing portion. It is also good.
  • the liquid to be treated is pressure-fed to the liquid passing portion of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated.
  • Backwash liquid from the third port of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device through the reverse osmosis membrane of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device to reach the liquid passing portion A backwashing step may be performed in which the liquid containing the backwash liquid is discharged to the outside.
  • the liquid to be treated is sent from the second port of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device into the fluid passing portion, and the primary reverse osmosis is performed.
  • the liquid to be treated may be discharged to the outside through the first port of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device together with the backwash liquid that has reached the liquid passage portion of the membrane device.
  • the operation state is between the normal operation state and the backwashing state which is an operation state during execution of the backwashing step. You may perform the backwashing switching process which switches.
  • the pressure of the liquid to be treated flowing in from the first port of the primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus and the flow out from the second port in the normal operation state A pressure difference detection step of detecting a pressure difference with the pressure of the primary treatment liquid, and in the backwashing switching step, the pressure difference detected in the pressure difference detection step becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value
  • the switching from the normal operation state to the backwashing state may be performed.
  • the primary treatment liquid is obtained by passing through the reverse osmosis membrane of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • the permeated liquid may be used as the backwash liquid.
  • the water treatment device includes a plurality of the primary reverse osmosis membrane devices, and among the plurality of the primary reverse osmosis membrane devices
  • the process liquid is added to the second sub-unit group which is another primary reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • a normal operation process of sending the primary treatment liquid from the liquid passage to the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device via the one port of the two sub device group and performing pressure-feeding to the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device is executed, and in the bypass operation step, The liquid to be treated may be bypassed to all of the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices.
  • water treatment can be continued for an extended period of time.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.
  • the water treatment apparatus of the present embodiment is an apparatus for separating seawater as a liquid to be treated into a concentrate and fresh water to obtain fresh water as treated water.
  • the liquid to be treated may not be seawater, and may be, for example, river water or industrial wastewater.
  • the water treatment apparatus of the present embodiment performs primary treatment of seawater SW, which is a treatment liquid, to obtain a primary treatment liquid W1, and secondary treatment of a primary treatment liquid W1.
  • a secondary treatment system 70 for obtaining a permeated liquid PW which is fresh water and a secondary treatment liquid S2 which is a concentrate, and a control device 1 which controls the operation of various valves and the like in the primary treatment system 10 and the secondary treatment system 70; Have.
  • Each of the primary treatment system 10 and the secondary treatment system 70 includes a reverse osmosis membrane device.
  • This reverse osmosis membrane device 80 is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a spiral type reverse osmosis membrane device including a liquid collection pipe 95, a plurality of membrane units 85 having a reverse osmosis membrane 86, and a cylinder covering them. And an annular casing 81.
  • a liquid inlet (first port) 82 into which the liquid to be treated flows is formed at one end of the cylindrical casing 81, and the other end of the cylindrical casing 81 is reversed.
  • the liquid collection pipe 95 is disposed along the central axis of the cylindrical casing 81.
  • the liquid collection pipe 95 is formed with a plurality of liquid collection holes 96 penetrating from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side. Further, at the end of the liquid collection pipe 95, the other end of the casing 81 on the above-mentioned other end side is connected to the permeated liquid outlet 84.
  • the membrane unit 85 includes a bag-shaped reverse osmosis membrane 86, a permeated liquid flow path member 87 disposed in the bag-shaped reverse osmosis membrane 86 and securing a flow path of the permeated fluid passing through the reverse osmosis membrane 86, a bag And a mesh spacer 88 disposed along the outer surface of the reverse osmosis membrane 86 to secure the flow path of the liquid to be treated. Therefore, in the reverse osmosis membrane device 80 of the present embodiment, the inner side of the bag-shaped reverse osmosis membrane 86 forms a permeable portion 92, and the outer side of the bag-shaped reverse osmosis membrane 86 forms a liquid passing portion 91.
  • the plurality of membrane units 85 are spirally wound around the liquid collection pipe 95.
  • the inner portion of the bag-shaped reverse osmosis membrane 86 of each membrane unit 85 is in communication with the liquid collection hole 96 of the liquid collection tube 95. Therefore, the permeable part 92 is in communication with the outside through the permeated liquid outlet 84 of the casing 81.
  • the outer portion of the bag-shaped reverse osmosis membrane 86 of each membrane unit 85 that is, the liquid passing portion 91 communicates with the outside through the liquid inlet 82 of the casing 81 and the treatment of the casing 81 It is in communication with the outside through the liquid outlet 83.
  • the primary treatment system 10 pumps up seawater SW, which is the liquid to be treated, to form a primary reverse osmosis membrane.
  • primary water supply pump (primary water supply device) 11 for pumping seawater SW to device 80S
  • strainer 12 for removing foreign matter in seawater SW sucked by primary water supply pump 11, and seawater SW from primary water supply pump 11
  • a cartridge filter 13 for removing fine foreign substances
  • a bactericide supply device 20 for supplying a bactericide for killing organisms such as fungi present in seawater SW supplied to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S
  • a primary An acid agent supply device 30 for supplying an acid agent for removing inorganic scale etc. in the reverse osmosis membrane device 80S
  • a backwashing device 40 for backwashing the inside of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S That.
  • the casing 81 of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is the primary casing 81
  • the reverse osmosis membrane 86 is the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s
  • the liquid passing portion 91 of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is the primary liquid passing portion 91s
  • the primary reverse The permeable part 92 of the osmotic membrane device 80S is a primary permeable part 92s
  • the liquid inlet 82 of the treated reverse flow membrane device of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is a treated liquid inlet 82s
  • the treated liquid outlet 83 of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is a primary treated A liquid outlet 83s and a permeate outlet 84 of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S are used as a permeate outlet 84s.
  • a liquid suction line 51 is connected to a suction port of the primary water supply pump 11.
  • the above-described strainer 12 is provided in the liquid suction line 51.
  • the discharge port of the primary water supply pump 11 and the liquid inflow port 82s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S are connected by a liquid discharge line (liquid line to be processed) 52.
  • a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S are connected in parallel to the liquid discharge line 52. For this reason, the to-be-treated liquid discharge line 52 is branched from the to-be-treated liquid discharge main line 52m connected to the primary water supply pump 11 and the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S from the to-be-treated liquid discharge main line 52m.
  • the to-be-processed liquid branch line 52b connected to the to-be-processed liquid inlet 82s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 80S.
  • the above-mentioned cartridge filter 13 is provided in the liquid discharge main line 52m.
  • the liquid to be treated inflow partition valve 61 is provided in each of the plurality of liquid to be treated branch lines 52b.
  • the primary feed water pump 11 pumps the seawater SW into the primary fluid passing portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the seawater SW with respect to the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the osmotic pressure of seawater SW is approximately 30 bar. For this reason, the discharge pressure of the primary feed water pump 11 is operated, for example, at about 5 bar.
  • the sterilizing agent supply device 20 is provided with a sterilizing agent tank 21 in which the sterilizing agent is stored, a sterilizing agent line 22 connecting the sterilizing agent tank 21 and the liquid discharge line 52, and the sterilizing agent in the sterilizing agent tank 21 And b) a sterilizing agent pump 25 for pumping into the liquid discharge line 52.
  • the sterilizing agent line 22 is branched into the sterilizing agent main line 22m connected to the sterilizing agent tank 21 and the plurality of treated liquid branch lines 52b from the sterilizing agent main line 22m, and the corresponding treated liquid branch line 52b And bactericide branch line 22b connected to A germicide pump 25 and a germicide divider valve 26 are provided in the germicide main line 22m.
  • the sterilizer flow control valve 27 is provided in each bactericide branch line 22b.
  • a chlorine-based germicide such as hypochlorous acid is used as the germicide.
  • any chemical may be used as the germicide according to the type of the liquid to be treated, as long as it can kill organisms such as fungi.
  • the acid agent supply device 30 is configured to process the acid agent tank 31 storing the acid agent, the acid agent line 32 connecting the acid agent tank 31 and the liquid discharge line 52, and the acid agent in the acid agent tank 31. And an acid agent pump 35 for pumping into the liquid discharge line 52.
  • the acid agent line 32 is branched into an acid agent main line 32m connected to the acid agent tank 31 and a plurality of treated liquid branch lines 52b from the acid agent main line 32m, and the corresponding treated liquid branch line 52b And an acid agent branch line 32 b connected to the An acid agent pump 35 and an acid agent gate valve 36 are provided in the acid agent main line 32m.
  • the acidic agent flow control valve 37 is provided in each acidic agent branch line 32b.
  • a sulfuric acid aqueous solution is used as the acid agent.
  • the liquid to be treated is seawater SW as the acid agent
  • inorganic ions in seawater SW such as calcium ions and magnesium ions, are deposited and the scale attached to the reverse osmosis membrane 86 can be dissolved and removed
  • Other agents such as hydrochloric acid and nitric acid may be used as an acid agent.
  • the backwashing device 40 includes a backwashing liquid tank 41 in which the backwashing liquid BW is stored, a backwashing liquid line 42 connecting the backwashing liquid tank 41 and the permeated liquid outlet 84s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, And a backwash liquid separating valve 46 provided in the backwash liquid line 42.
  • the backwash liquid tank 41 is provided at a position higher than the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the backwash liquid line 42 is branched to each of a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S from the backwash liquid main line 42m connected to the backwash liquid tank 41 and the backwash liquid main line 42m, and each primary reverse osmosis membrane And a backwash branch line 42b connected to the permeate outlet 84s of the apparatus 80S.
  • the above-mentioned backwashing liquid dividing valve 46 is provided in each backwashing liquid branch line 42b.
  • a primary treatment liquid line 55 for leading the primary treatment liquid W1 having flowed out from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s to the secondary treatment system 70 is connected.
  • the primary treatment liquid line 55 is boosted by the primary treatment liquid suction line 56 for guiding the primary treatment liquid W1 having flowed out of the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S to the secondary water supply pump 71 described later, and the secondary water supply pump 71 And a primary treatment liquid discharge line 73 for leading the primary treatment liquid W1 to the secondary treatment system 70.
  • the primary treatment liquid suction line 56 is branched from the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m connected to the suction port of the secondary feed water pump 71 and the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m for each of a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S. And a primary treatment liquid branch line 56b connected to the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • a cleaning solution discharge line 58 is connected to each primary treatment solution branch line 56b.
  • a cleaning solution gate valve 63 is provided in the cleaning solution discharge line 58.
  • a primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62 is provided on the secondary treatment system 70 side with respect to the position where the washing solution discharge line 58 is connected.
  • the primary treatment system 10 further detects a pressure difference ⁇ P between the pressure of seawater SW flowing into the primary flow passage portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 flowed out of the primary flow passage portion 91s.
  • the differential pressure gauge 89 is provided.
  • the differential pressure gauge 89 is provided for each of the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S.
  • each differential pressure gauge 89 the pressure at a position on the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S side in the treated liquid branch line 52b with respect to the treated liquid inflow dividing valve 61 and the cleaning liquid discharge line 58 in the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b are connected
  • the pressure difference ⁇ P with the pressure at the position on the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S side rather than the position being detected is detected.
  • each differential pressure gauge 89 is, for each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, the pressure of seawater SW flowing from the liquid inlet 82s to the primary outlet 91s, and the primary outlet 91s to the primary outlet.
  • a pressure difference ⁇ P with the pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 flowing out through 83 s is detected.
  • the primary treatment system 10 further connects the treated liquid discharge main line 52m and the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m, and bypasses the seawater SW to all the primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S; And a bypass gate valve 65 provided in the bypass line 59.
  • the secondary treatment system 70 is a primary treatment liquid W1 which has flowed out from the primary flow passing portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S in addition to the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M which are the reverse osmosis membrane device 80 described above.
  • secondary water supply pump (secondary water supply device) 71 for pressure-feeding to the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M, and permeation through the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 86m which is the reverse osmosis membrane 86 of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M.
  • a permeate pump 72 for pumping the solution PW to fresh water.
  • the casing 81 of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M is used as the secondary casing 81, the reverse osmosis membrane 86 as the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 86m, and the liquid passing portion 91 of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M as the secondary liquid passing 91m, the permeable part 92 of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M is the secondary permeable part 92m, the liquid inlet 82 of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M is the liquid inlet 82m, the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M
  • the treatment liquid outlet 83 is the secondary treatment liquid outlet 83m, and the permeate outlet 84 of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M is the permeate outlet 84m.
  • the secondary water supply pump 71 is provided in the above-mentioned primary treatment liquid line 55.
  • the primary process liquid suction main line 56m of the primary process liquid line 55 is connected to the suction port of the secondary water supply pump 71, and the primary process liquid line 55 is connected to the discharge port of the secondary water supply pump 71.
  • the liquid discharge line 73 is connected.
  • the secondary feed water pump 71 is a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 with respect to the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 86m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M. Then, the pressure is pumped into the liquid passing section 91 m.
  • the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 is approximately 30 bar, similar to the osmotic pressure of the seawater SW which is the liquid to be treated. Therefore, the secondary water supply pump 71 is operated at a discharge pressure of, for example, about 65 bar, which is higher than 30 bar.
  • the primary treatment liquid discharge line 73 is connected to the liquid inlet port 82m of the first stage of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma among the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M.
  • the respective secondary flow passing portions 91m of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M are connected in series by the secondary treatment liquid line 97.
  • the primary treatment liquid discharge line 73 is connected to the liquid inlet 82m of the first stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma as described above. It is connected.
  • the secondary treatment liquid outlet 83m of the first stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma and the liquid inlet 82m of the second stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mb are secondary treatment liquid lines. It is connected by 97.
  • the secondary treatment liquid outlet 83m of the second stage second-order reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mb and the liquid to be treated inlet 82m of the third stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device are the secondary treatment liquid. Connected by line 97.
  • a concentrate line 98 is connected to the secondary treatment liquid outlet 83m of the final stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mc.
  • the permeated fluid PW which has passed through the secondary reverse osmosis membranes 86m of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M is sent to the aforementioned permeated pump 72 via the permeated fluid line 74.
  • the permeate line 74 includes a permeate discharge line 76 connected to the discharge port of the permeate pump 72, a permeate suction main line 75m connected to the suction port of the permeate pump 72, and the permeate suction.
  • a permeated-liquid suction branch line 75b branched from the main line 75m for each of a plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M.
  • Each permeate suction branch line 75b is connected to the permeate outlet 84m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M.
  • the permeated liquid discharge line 76 and the backwash liquid tank 41 of the primary treatment system 10 are connected by a permeated liquid supply line 77 that feeds the permeated liquid PW to the backwash liquid tank 41 as a backwash liquid.
  • a permeated liquid flow control valve 78 is provided in the permeated liquid supply line 77.
  • the bypass switching device is configured to include the liquid inflow dividing valve 61, the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, and the bypass dividing valve 65.
  • the backwashing switching device is configured to include the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, the backwashing liquid dividing valve 46, and the cleaning liquid dividing valve 63.
  • each of the liquid inflow partition valves 61 and the primary treatment liquid partition valves 62 is open.
  • the seawater SW pumped up by the primary feed water pump 11 passes through the strainer 12, the cartridge filter 13, the treated liquid discharge main line 52m, the plurality of treated liquid branch lines 52b, and the treated liquid of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S. It flows into the primary fluid passing portion 91s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S from the inflow port 82s.
  • the seawater SW is pressure-fed by the primary water supply pump 11 into the primary fluid passing portion 91s at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the seawater SW.
  • this seawater SW does not reverse permeate the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s, passes through the primary liquid passage portion 91s, and becomes the primary treatment liquid W1 from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S. It flows out to the liquid branch line 56b.
  • a foreign matter such as a fungus or an inorganic substance of seawater SW which has passed through the strainer 12 and the cartridge filter 13 is for securing a flow path in the primary flow passage 91s in the process of passing through the primary flow passage 91s. It adheres to the mesh spacer 88 (see FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) and the primary passing portion 91s side of the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s.
  • the mesh spacer 88 for securing the flow path in the secondary liquid passing portion 91m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M, and the secondary reverse osmosis The amount of foreign matter that can adhere to the secondary fluid passing portion 91m side of the film 86m is extremely reduced.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 having flowed out to the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b for each of the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S flows into the secondary water supply pump 71 via the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m, as shown in FIG. Do.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 is pressure-fed by the secondary water supply pump 71 into the secondary liquid passing portion 91m of the first stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma at a pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1. .
  • a part of the primary treatment liquid W1 sent into the secondary flow-through portion 91m of the first stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma is a part of the first stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma.
  • the reverse osmosis of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 86m is conducted to reach the inside of the secondary permeable part 92m of the first stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Ma.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 that did not reach the secondary permeation portion 92m is the first stage.
  • the pressure loss in the process in which the primary treatment liquid W1 passes the secondary flow passing portion 91m of each secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M is less than 1 bar. For this reason, a part of the primary treatment liquid W1 sent into the secondary flow-through portion 91m of the second stage reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mb of the second stage corresponds to the second stage reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mb of the second stage.
  • the reverse osmosis of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane 86m is conducted to reach the inside of the secondary permeation part 92m of the second stage reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mb.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 that did not reach the secondary permeation portion 92m is the second stage.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 is similarly treated in the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M after the second stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M.
  • the secondary treatment liquid S2 which is a treatment liquid that has flowed out from the secondary flow portion 91m of the final stage secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80Mc, flows into the concentrate line 98, and, for example, through the concentrate line 98, for example, It will be discharged to the sea and treatment plant.
  • the permeated fluid PW that has reached the secondary permeation parts 92m of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M is, as fresh water, a permeated liquid suction branch line 75b provided for each of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M, It flows into the permeate pump 72 through the permeate suction main line 75m.
  • the permeated fluid PW that has flowed into the permeated fluid pump 72 is pressurized by the permeated fluid pump 72 and is sent to multiple places via the permeated fluid discharge line 76.
  • a portion of the permeated fluid PW pressurized by the permeated fluid pump 72 is supplied to the backwash liquid tank 41 via the permeated liquid supply line 77 connected to the permeated liquid discharge line 76.
  • the backwash liquid tank 41 is provided with a liquid level gauge, for example.
  • the permeated liquid flow rate adjustment valve 78 provided in the permeated liquid supply line 77 is opened when the backwash liquid level in the backwash liquid tank 41 detected by the liquid level gauge falls below a predetermined level.
  • a part of the permeated liquid PW pressurized by the pump 72 is supplied to the backwash liquid tank 41.
  • the resistance of the seawater SW flowing in the primary flow passage portion 91s increases, and the pressure of the seawater SW flowing into the primary flow passage portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the primary flowed out of the primary flow passage portion 91s.
  • pressure difference (DELTA) P with the pressure of the process liquid W1 becomes large, the flow volume of the liquid which passes this primary passing part 91s becomes small. For this reason, the water treatment capacity in the whole water treatment apparatus falls.
  • the backwashing switching device is configured to include the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, the backwashing liquid dividing valve 46, and the cleaning liquid dividing valve 63.
  • control device 1 outputs an open command to the cleaning liquid dividing valve 63 corresponding to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, and the primary treatment liquid corresponding to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • a closing command is output to the gate valve 62.
  • control device 1 outputs an open command to the backwash liquid separating valve 46 corresponding to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the seawater SW is subjected to the primary reverse osmosis membranes from the target fluid inlet 82s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S via the target fluid discharge main line 52m and the plurality of target fluid branch lines 52b. It flows into the primary fluid passing portion 91s of the device 80S.
  • the seawater SW passes through the primary flow-through portion 91s and flows out as primary treatment liquid W1 from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S to each primary treatment liquid branch line 56b.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 that has flowed out of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S to the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b corresponding to the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b is discharged to the outside through the washing liquid discharge line 58 and the washing liquid parting valve 63. Exhausted.
  • the backwash solution BW in the backwash tank is provided in the backwash solution main line 42m, the backwash solution branch line 42b connected to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, and the backwash solution branch line 42b. It flows into the primary permeation section 92s from the permeated liquid outlet 84s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S via the backwash liquid separating valve 46.
  • the solute (salt) concentration contained in the backwash liquid (fresh water) BW in the primary permeation part 92s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is lower than the solute (salt) concentration contained in the seawater SW in the primary liquid flow part 91s .
  • the backwashing fluid BW in the primary permeation part 92s penetrates the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s by forward osmosis and flows into the primary fluid passing part 91s.
  • the backwash liquid tank 41 is disposed at a position higher than the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, the backwash liquid BW in the backwash liquid tank 41 is used as the backwash liquid BW in the primary permeation section 92s.
  • the backwashing fluid BW in the primary permeation part 92s passes through the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s and is more likely to flow in the primary fluid delivery part 91s.
  • the mesh spacer 88 for securing the flow path in the primary fluid passing portion 91s and the foreign matter adhering to the primary fluid passing portion 91s side of the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s are peeled off from these.
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 that has flowed out of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S except for the first primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S passes through the primary treatment liquid branch lines 56b and joins in the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m, and the secondary water supply pump 71 As a result, the pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 is pressure-fed into the secondary fluid passing portions 91m of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M of the secondary treatment system 70. Therefore, the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S except for one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is maintained in the normal operation state. For this reason, the desalination process of seawater SW in the water treatment apparatus of this embodiment is continued even if one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is backwashed.
  • the pressure difference ⁇ P between the pressure of the seawater SW flowing into the primary flow passage portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 flowed out of the primary flow passage portion 91s by the backwashing described above is When the flow rate of the liquid passing through the primary fluid passing portion 91s is reduced, the control device 1 outputs an open command to the primary treatment fluid gate valve 62, and the backwash fluid gate valve 46 and the washing fluid gate valve A close command is output to 63 (backwash switching step). As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the operating state of one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S returns to the normal operating state.
  • the controller 1 outputs an open command to the bactericide dividing valve 26 and the bactericide flow rate adjusting valve 27 corresponding to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, as long as the pressure difference ⁇ P between the two becomes smaller.
  • a drive command is output to the sterilizer pump 25.
  • the bactericide in the bactericide tank 21 is passed along with the seawater SW via the bactericide main line 22m, the bactericide branch line 22b, and the treated liquid branch line 52b as one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S. It flows into the liquid portion 91s.
  • an organism such as a fungus propagates, and on the side of the primary fluid passing portion 91s of the mesh spacer 88 and the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s for securing the flow path in the primary fluid passing portion 91s.
  • organisms such as this fungus are killed and peeled off from the mesh spacer 88 and the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s.
  • the controller 1 outputs a closing command to the bactericide divider valve 26 and the bactericide flow rate control valve 27, and outputs a stop command to the bactericide pump 25. And stop the sterilizing process in the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • control device 1 outputs an open command to the acid agent gate valve 36 and the acid agent flow rate control valve 37 for one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, and a drive command to the acid agent pump. Output.
  • the acid agent in the acid agent tank 31 passes through the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S together with the seawater SW via the acid agent main line 32m, the acid agent branch line 32b and the liquid treatment branch line 52b. It flows into the liquid portion 91s.
  • the scale dissolves.
  • the dissolved scale is, together with the seawater SW and the acid agent that flowed into the primary fluid passage portion 91s, from the primary treatment fluid outlet 83s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, the primary treatment fluid branch line 56b, the cleaning fluid discharge line 58, It is discharged to the outside through the cleaning solution gate valve 63.
  • any one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S Even if the above-described backwashing, sterilization, and dissolution processing of inorganic scale components are performed on any one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, the seawater SW flowing into the primary fluid passing portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S The primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is replaced with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, for example, if the pressure difference .DELTA.P between the pressure of the secondary fluid and the pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1 having flowed out of the primary fluid passing portion 91s becomes smaller. Or, the need arises to disassemble and repair the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the treatment liquid inflow partition valve 61, the primary treatment liquid partition valve 62 and the backwash liquid partition valve 46 corresponding to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S are closed, and in this state, the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is It replaces to primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the operator of the water treatment apparatus causes the control device 1 to switch the operation state of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S from the normal operation state to the bypass operation state. To direct.
  • the control device 1 When the control device 1 receives this switching instruction, as shown in FIG. 6, the control device 1 outputs a closing command to the plurality of treated liquid inflow dividing valves 61 and the plurality of primary treatment liquid dividing valves 62, and An open command is output to 65 (bypass switching step).
  • the bypass switching apparatus is comprised including the to-be-processed liquid inflow partition valve 61, the primary process liquid partition valve 62, and the bypass partition valve 65.
  • the control device 1 first outputs a closing command to the plurality of liquid inflow dividing valves 61 and outputs an opening command to the bypass dividing valve 65.
  • a closing command is output to the plurality of primary treatment liquid dividing valves 62.
  • the seawater SW from the to-be-treated liquid discharge main line 52m does not flow into each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S via each to-be-treated liquid branch line 52b, and the bypass line 59 and the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m Flows into the secondary water supply pump 71 (bypass operation process).
  • the seawater SW that has flowed into the secondary water supply pump 71 is subjected to a pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure of the seawater SW by the secondary water supply pump 71, and the secondary fluid-passage portion of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M of the secondary treatment system 70 It is pumped within 91 m and treated with a plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M as described above.
  • seawater SW does not flow into each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S. For this reason, in this bypass operation state, for example, an operation of replacing each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S or performing an operation of disassembling and repairing each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is performed.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is disposed on the upstream side of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M, and foreign matter that may be deposited in the secondary fluid passing portion 91m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M is primary. Since trapping by the reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, it is possible to suppress a decrease in water treatment capacity in the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M are reverse osmosis membrane devices 80 of the same type, and since the deposition property of the foreign matter of both is the same, It is possible to enhance the capture by the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S of the foreign matter which may be deposited in the secondary fluid passing portion 91m of the osmotic membrane device 80M. Further, in the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, since the seawater SW does not reverse penetrate the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s but only passes through the primary liquid passage portion 91s, the seawater SW is not transmitted by the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s Compared to reverse osmosis of the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the ability of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S to flow out the inflowing liquid, that is, a decrease in the processing capacity. Furthermore, in order to improve the trapping property of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S of the foreign matter which may be deposited in the secondary fluid passing portion 91m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M, the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s and the secondary reverse osmosis are further added.
  • the film 86m is formed of the same material, or the member securing the flow path of the primary fluid passage portion 91s and the member securing the flow passage of the secondary fluid passage portion 91m are formed of the same type and the same material Is preferred.
  • the fall of the water treatment capacity of a water treatment apparatus can be suppressed, and, as a result, water treatment can be performed over a long period of time.
  • the one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is subjected to a sterilization treatment or an inorganic scale dissolution treatment. It is possible to continue the desalination treatment of seawater SW by the other primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M even in the state where it is present. Therefore, in this embodiment, the water treatment can be continued for a long time also from this viewpoint.
  • the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M is performed as another primary by performing the bypass operation step.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane device 80S can be replaced or the like.
  • the water treatment can be continued for a long time also from this point of view.
  • operation process is a process for replacing
  • the water treatment apparatus of this embodiment includes the backwashing device 40 for backwashing the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, the sterilizing agent supply device 20 for sterilizing the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, and the inorganic of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S. Since the acid agent supply device 30 for dissolving and processing the scale is provided, even if the processing capacity of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is reduced, this processing capacity can be easily recovered.
  • the backwashing liquid BW is applied by a pump or the like to apply hydraulic pressure to the backwashing liquid BW in the primary permeation section 92s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S using the water level difference. Even if the pressure is not increased, air accumulation and the like in the primary transmission portion 92s can be prevented. Therefore, in the backwashing apparatus 40, power consumption can be suppressed.
  • the water treatment apparatus of the present embodiment includes, as shown in FIG. 7, the primary treatment system 10 a, the secondary treatment system 70, and the control device 1 as in the water treatment apparatus of the first embodiment.
  • the secondary processing system 70 of the present embodiment is the same as the secondary processing system 70 of the first embodiment.
  • the primary treatment system 10a of this embodiment is the same as various devices including the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S as compared with the primary treatment system 10 of the first embodiment, the primary treatment system 10a around the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S Piping line is different.
  • the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S are connected in parallel to the liquid discharge line 52.
  • the to-be-treated liquid discharge line 52 is, as in the first embodiment, a to-be-treated liquid discharge main line 52m connected to the primary water supply pump 11 and a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S from the to-be-treated liquid discharge main line 52m.
  • a liquid branch line 52b connected to the liquid inlet 82s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • a liquid inflow dividing valve 61 is provided in each of the liquid treatment branch lines 52b.
  • a cleaning liquid discharge line 58a is connected to a position on the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S side from the position at which the liquid inflow dividing valve 61 is provided in each of the liquid liquid branch lines 52b.
  • a cleaning solution gate valve 63 is provided in the cleaning solution discharge line 58a.
  • the primary treatment liquid line 55 is, similar to the first embodiment, a primary treatment liquid suction line 56 for guiding the primary treatment liquid W1 having flowed out of the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S to the secondary water supply pump 71; And a primary treatment liquid discharge line 73 for leading the primary treatment liquid W1 pressurized by the pump 71 to the secondary treatment system 70.
  • the primary treatment liquid suction line 56 is branched into a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S from the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m connected to the secondary water supply pump 71 and the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m.
  • a primary treatment liquid branch line 56b connected to the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • a primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62 is provided in each primary treatment liquid branch line 56b.
  • a reverse liquid flow line 54 is further provided for each of the plurality of primary treatment liquid branch lines 56b.
  • One end of the reverse liquid flow line 54 is connected to the treatment liquid discharge main line 52m, and the other end is connected to the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b.
  • the other end of the reverse liquid flow line 54 is connected to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S side in the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b rather than the position where the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62 is provided.
  • the reverse liquid flow line 54 connects the treated liquid discharge line 52 and the primary treatment liquid suction line 56, and the seawater SW that has passed through the treated liquid discharge line 52 through the primary treatment liquid suction line 56.
  • the primary treatment solution outlet 83s leads to the primary passage portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • Each of the reverse flow lines 54 is provided with a reverse flow separating valve 64.
  • the differential pressure gauge 89 is provided for each of the plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S.
  • Each differential pressure gauge 89 has a pressure at a position on the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S side in the treated liquid branch line 52b with respect to the treated liquid inflow dividing valve 61 and a reverse liquid flow line 54 in the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b.
  • the pressure difference ⁇ P with the pressure at the position on the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S side relative to the connected position is detected.
  • the backwash liquid line 42 of the backwashing apparatus 40 includes a backwash liquid main line 42m connected to the backwash liquid tank 41 and a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membranes from the backwash liquid main line 42m. And a backwash liquid branch line 42b branched for each of the devices 80S.
  • the backwashing liquid separation valve 46 is provided in each backwashing liquid branch line 42b.
  • the sterilizing agent line 22 of the sterilizing agent supply device 20 of the present embodiment is, as in the first embodiment, a plurality of branches from the sterilizing agent main line 22 m connected to the sterilizing agent tank 21 and the sterilizing agent main line 22 m And bactericide branch line 22b.
  • each bactericide branch line 22 b in the present embodiment is connected to the corresponding reverse flow line 54.
  • a germicide pump 25 and a germicide divider valve 26 are provided in the germicide main line 22m.
  • the sterilizer flow control valve 27 is provided in each bactericide branch line 22b.
  • the acid agent line 32 of the acid agent supply device 30 includes a plurality of acid agent main lines 32 m connected to the acid agent tank 31 and a plurality branched from the acid agent main lines 32 m.
  • each acidic agent branch line 32 b in the present embodiment is connected to the corresponding reverse liquid flow line 54.
  • An acid agent pump 35 and an acid agent gate valve 36 are provided in the acid agent main line 32m.
  • the acidic agent flow control valve 37 is provided in each acidic agent branch line 32b.
  • the bypass switching device is configured to include the liquid inflow dividing valve 61, the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, and the bypass dividing valve 65.
  • the backwashing switching device is configured to include the liquid inflow dividing valve 61, the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, the reverse liquid flow dividing valve 64, the backwash liquid dividing valve 46, and the cleaning liquid dividing valve 63.
  • each liquid inflow dividing valve 61 and each primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62 are open as in the first embodiment.
  • Each cleaning solution gate valve 63 and the bypass gate valve 65 are closed.
  • each reverse liquid flow separating valve 64 is closed.
  • the seawater SW pumped up by the primary feed water pump 11 is, as in the first embodiment, a strainer 12, a cartridge filter 13, a liquid discharge main line 52m, and a plurality of objects to be treated. It flows into the primary liquid passing portion 91s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S from the to-be-treated liquid inlet 82s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S via the treatment liquid branch line 52b.
  • the seawater SW does not reverse permeate the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s, passes through the primary liquid passage portion 91s, and becomes the primary treatment liquid W1 from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S. It flows out to the branch line 56b.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S can capture foreign matter that may be deposited in the secondary fluid passing portion 91m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M.
  • the pressure is sent into the secondary fluid passing portion 91 m of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80 M of the secondary treatment system 70.
  • the backwashing switching device is configured to include the liquid inflow dividing valve 61, the primary processing liquid dividing valve 62, the reverse flow dividing valve 64, the backwashing liquid dividing valve 46, and the cleaning liquid dividing valve 63. It is done.
  • control device 1 outputs an open command to the cleaning liquid gate valve 63 and outputs a close command to the primary treatment liquid gate valve 62.
  • controller 1 outputs an open command to the backwash liquid separating valve 46.
  • control device 1 outputs an open command to the reverse liquid flow separating valve 64 and outputs a closing command to the liquid inflow separating valve 61.
  • part of the seawater SW passes through the treated liquid discharge line 52, the reverse liquid flow line 54 corresponding to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, and the primary treatment liquid suction line 56. It flows into the primary passing portion 91s of one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of the device 80S.
  • the seawater SW that has flowed into the primary fluid-passing portion 91s is externally output from the fluid inlet port 82s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S via the primary process fluid suction line 56, the cleaning fluid discharge line 58a, and the cleaning fluid gate valve 63.
  • the backwash solution BW (fresh water) in the backwash tank is a backwash solution main line 42m, a backwash solution branch line 42b connected to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S, and the backwash solution branch line 42b. It flows into the primary permeation section 92s from the permeated liquid outlet 84s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S via the backwash liquid separating valve 46 provided in the. As in the first embodiment, the backwashing fluid BW in the primary permeable portion 92s forward penetrates the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s and flows into the primary fluid passing portion 91s.
  • the mesh spacer 88 for securing the flow path in the primary fluid passing portion 91s and the foreign matter adhering to the primary fluid passing portion 91s side of the primary reverse osmosis membrane 86s are peeled off from these.
  • the foreign matter is treated liquid branch line 52b, cleaning liquid discharge line 58a, and cleaning liquid from the liquid inlet 82s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S together with the backwash liquid BW and the seawater SW in the primary liquid passing portion 91s.
  • the gas is discharged to the outside through the gate valve 63. That is, the operation state of one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S becomes a backwashing state, and this primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is backwashed with the reverse washing solution BW (backwashing step).
  • the primary treatment liquid W1 having flowed out of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S except for the first primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S passes through the primary treatment liquid branch lines 56b and merges with the primary treatment liquid suction main line 56m as in the first embodiment.
  • the pressure is sent by the secondary water supply pump 71 into the secondary fluid passing portions 91m of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M of the secondary treatment system 70 at a pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure of the primary treatment liquid W1.
  • the flow of the liquid in the primary flow passing portion 91s in the backwashing state is the flow from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s side to the treated liquid inlet 82s side in the reverse direction to the flow of the first embodiment. It is.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S a large amount of foreign matter is trapped at the upstream side in the primary fluid passing portion 91s, in other words, the portion on the treated fluid inlet 82s side in the primary fluid passing portion 91s. Many foreign matter deposits on the part. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the foreign matter deposited in the primary liquid-passing portion 91s can be more efficiently removed than in the first embodiment.
  • the control device 1 When the backwashing described above is performed, for example, for a predetermined time, the control device 1 outputs an open command to the liquid inflow dividing valve 61 and the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, and the backwash liquid dividing valve 46 and the cleaning liquid A closing command is output to the gate valve 63 and the reverse liquid feed gate 64. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the operating condition of one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S returns to the normal operating condition.
  • the control device 1 controls the bactericide flow control valve corresponding to the bactericide divider valve 26 and one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S as in the first embodiment.
  • An open command is output to 27 and a drive command is output to the sterilizer pump 25.
  • the controller 1 outputs an open command to the backwash liquid separating valve 46, the cleaning liquid separating valve 63, and the reverse liquid flow separating valve 64 as in the backwashing switching step from the normal operation state to the backwashing state.
  • a closing command is output to the liquid inflow dividing valve 61 and the primary processing liquid dividing valve 62.
  • the sterilizing agent in the sterilizing agent tank 21 corresponds to one primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S through the sterilizing agent branch line 22b, the reverse flow line 54, and the primary treatment liquid branch line 56b. At the same time, it flows into the primary fluid passing portion 91s from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S.
  • the flow of the liquid in the primary liquid passing portion 91s in the state of the sterilization treatment is also the flow from the primary treatment liquid outlet 83s side to the treated liquid inlet 82s side, the flow of the first embodiment and It is reverse direction.
  • organisms such as fungi attached to the primary fluid passage portion 91s can be more efficiently eliminated than in the first embodiment.
  • the acid agent supply device 30 is driven to dissolve the inorganic scale component of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S in the same manner as the above-described sterilization treatment.
  • the operator of the water treatment apparatus instructs the control apparatus 1 to switch the operation state of each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S from the normal operation state to the bypass operation state.
  • the control device 1 When the control device 1 receives this switching instruction, as shown in FIG. 9, as in the first embodiment, the plurality of treated liquid inflow partition valves 61 and the plurality of primary treatment liquids that constitute a part of the bypass switching device A close command is output to the gate valve 62, and an open command is output to the bypass gate valve 65 which constitutes a part of the bypass switching device (bypass switching step).
  • the bypass switching apparatus is comprised including the to-be-processed liquid inflow partition valve 61, the primary process liquid partition valve 62, and the bypass partition valve 65. As shown in FIG.
  • the seawater SW from the to-be-treated liquid discharge main line 52m does not flow into all primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S via each to-be-treated liquid branch line 52b, and the bypass line 59 and the first-treatment liquid suction main line 56m Flows into the secondary water supply pump 71 (bypass operation process).
  • the seawater SW that has flowed into the secondary water supply pump 71 is subjected to a pressure exceeding the osmotic pressure of the seawater SW by the secondary water supply pump 71, and the secondary fluid-passage portion of the plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M of the secondary treatment system 70 It is pumped within 91 m and treated with a plurality of secondary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80M as described above.
  • seawater SW does not flow into all primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S like a first embodiment. For this reason, in this bypass operation state, for example, an operation of replacing each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S or performing an operation of disassembling and repairing each primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is performed.
  • a plurality of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S are provided.
  • the number of primary reverse osmosis membrane devices 80S may be one.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S is replaced with another primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S by executing the bypass operation process. Can be exchanged.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M are both spiral type reverse osmosis membrane devices.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane device may not be of the spiral type, and may be, for example, various types of reverse osmosis membrane devices such as a hollow fiber type, a tubular type, and the like.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M are reverse osmosis membrane devices of the same type.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M may be different types of reverse osmosis membrane devices.
  • the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S and the secondary reverse osmosis membrane It is preferable that the device 80M has the same format.
  • the backwashing switching device is configured to include a primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, a backwashing liquid dividing valve 46, and a cleaning liquid dividing valve 63.
  • the backwashing switching device may not use the above three types of gate valves.
  • the backwashing switching device of the second embodiment includes the liquid inflow dividing valve 61, the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, the reverse liquid flow dividing valve 64, the backwash liquid dividing valve 46, and the cleaning liquid dividing valve 63. It is configured.
  • this backwashing switching device may not use the above-described five types of gate valves.
  • a three-way valve having a function of these liquid separation valves may be used instead of the liquid inflow liquid separation gate 61 and the cleaning liquid partition valve 63, or the primary treatment liquid separation valve 62 and the reverse liquid flow separation valve 64 Alternatively, a three-way valve having the function of these gate valves may be used.
  • the bypass switching device is configured to include the liquid inflow dividing valve 61, the primary treatment liquid dividing valve 62, and the bypass dividing valve 65.
  • a three-way valve having the function of these gate valves may be used instead of the liquid inflow gate valve 61 and the bypass gate valve 65.
  • a three-way valve having the function of these primary valves may be used instead of the primary treatment liquid diverter valve 62 and the bypass diverter valve 65.
  • switching from the normal operation state to the backwashing state is performed when the pressure difference ⁇ P between the upstream side and the downstream side of the primary fluid passing portion 91s becomes equal to or more than a predetermined value.
  • switching from the normal operation state to the backwashing state may be performed periodically.
  • fresh water which is the permeated fluid PW that has flowed out from the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M of the secondary treatment system 70 is used as the backwash fluid BW.
  • the backwash solution BW for backwashing the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80S may not be fresh water, as long as the solute (salt) concentration is lower than that of the seawater SW which is the liquid to be treated, for example It may be water mixed with some solute (salt).
  • the primary treatment system of the above embodiment is provided with an acid agent supply device and a sterilizing agent supply device.
  • the primary treatment system may not be provided with an acid agent supply device or a sterilizing agent supply device.
  • the acidic agent supply device may be provided, for example, only in the secondary treatment system.
  • the acid agent supply apparatus, the sterilizing agent supply apparatus, and the backwashing apparatus are not provided in the secondary processing system of the above embodiment, you may provide these apparatuses in a secondary processing system.
  • the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M of the secondary treatment system may be disinfected and the dissolution treatment of the inorganic scale may be performed by the acid agent supply device or the sterilizing agent supply device provided in the above primary treatment system.
  • the acid agent and the bactericidal agent are sent to the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80M through the primary treatment liquid line 55 or through the reverse liquid flow line 54 and the primary treatment liquid line 55.
  • the deposition amount of the inorganic scale tends to be larger in the reverse osmosis membrane device on the downstream side than the reverse osmosis membrane device on the upstream side of the flow of the liquid to be treated.
  • the acid agent supply device is more than the secondary flow passing portion 91m of the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device 80m on the downstream side than the feeding of the acid agent to the primary flow passing portion 91s of the primary reverse osmosis membrane device 80s on the upstream side.
  • the aspect which can supply an acidic agent actively is preferable.
  • the primary water supply pump 11 of each of the above embodiments pressure-feeds the liquid to be treated to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device at a pressure equal to or less than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated.
  • the primary feed water pump may pump the liquid to be treated to the primary reverse osmosis membrane device at a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure of the liquid to be treated.
  • the permeated fluid that has passed through the primary reverse osmosis membrane will be sent to the secondary reverse osmosis membrane device via the secondary water supply pump.
  • seawater SW is sent to the primary reverse osmosis membrane apparatus 80S via the strainer 12, the low pressure feed pump 11, and the cartridge filter 13.
  • a sand filter may be provided between the strainer 12 and the low pressure feed pump 11, and various devices may be further added to the primary treatment system.
  • the cartridge filter 13 or the like may be omitted from the primary processing system.
  • the installation order of the strainer 12, the low pressure water supply pump 11, the cartridge filter 13, and the sand filtration device provided as needed may be changed as appropriate.
  • the low pressure feed pump 11 may be disposed upstream of the strainer 12.
  • water treatment can be continued for an extended period of time.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de traitement de l'eau pourvu : d'un dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal (80S); d'une conduite (52) pour un liquide à traiter, de l'eau de mer (SW) étant acheminée vers le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal (80S); d'une pompe d'alimentation en eau principale (11) pour alimenter en eau de mer sous pression le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal (80S); d'un dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse secondaire (80M); d'une conduite (55) pour un liquide traité principal, un liquide traité principal (W1), qui est un produit résultant de l'eau de mer passant à travers le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal (80S) et s'écoulant hors du dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal (80S), étant acheminé vers le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse secondaire (80M); et d'une pompe d'alimentation en eau secondaire (71) pour alimenter en liquide traité principal sous pression le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse secondaire (80M) à une pression supérieure à la pression osmotique du liquide traité principal (W1). Le dispositif de traitement de l'eau est en outre pourvu d'une conduite de dérivation (59) qui raccorde la conduite (52) pour le liquide à traiter et un point entre le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal et la pompe d'alimentation en eau secondaire dans la conduite (55) pour le liquide traité principal, de telle sorte que le liquide à traiter contourne le dispositif à membrane d'osmose inverse principal.
PCT/JP2014/072164 2014-08-25 2014-08-25 Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et son procédé de fonctionnement WO2016030945A1 (fr)

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JP2016545103A JP6398132B2 (ja) 2014-08-25 2014-08-25 水処理装置、及びその運転方法
PCT/JP2014/072164 WO2016030945A1 (fr) 2014-08-25 2014-08-25 Dispositif de traitement de l'eau et son procédé de fonctionnement

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