WO2018159561A1 - Dispositif de traitement par osmose inverse et procédé de traitement par osmose inverse - Google Patents

Dispositif de traitement par osmose inverse et procédé de traitement par osmose inverse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018159561A1
WO2018159561A1 PCT/JP2018/007048 JP2018007048W WO2018159561A1 WO 2018159561 A1 WO2018159561 A1 WO 2018159561A1 JP 2018007048 W JP2018007048 W JP 2018007048W WO 2018159561 A1 WO2018159561 A1 WO 2018159561A1
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Prior art keywords
reverse osmosis
pipe
water
treated
pump
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PCT/JP2018/007048
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康司 福▲崎▼
真人 大西
吉川　慎一
秀治 山田
光太郎 北村
泰堂 近藤
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2018159561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018159561A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
    • B01D61/06—Energy recovery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/58—Multistep processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B01D65/06—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration with special washing compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus for desalting brine such as seawater by reverse osmosis and a reverse osmosis treatment method using the same.
  • Reverse osmosis treatment equipment that desalinates brine by reverse osmosis is used in various fields such as desalination of seawater, reuse of wastewater, and production of pure water.
  • a typical example of the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus includes a cylindrical reverse osmosis membrane module.
  • This type of reverse osmosis membrane module includes a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane elements that support a reverse osmosis membrane inside a cylindrical pressure vessel.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane element provided in the cylindrical reverse osmosis membrane module has a structure in which a reverse osmosis membrane is wound in a spiral shape around a water collection pipe.
  • a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane elements are usually housed in a pressure vessel and used in a state of being arranged in series.
  • Such reverse osmosis membrane modules constitute a bank by being connected in parallel through one or a plurality of pipes.
  • a bank of reverse osmosis membrane modules forms a membrane unit by being connected in series through one or a plurality of pipes.
  • reverse osmosis treatment equipment is provided with a plurality of membrane units.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane module performs reverse osmosis treatment of the water to be treated flowing into the pressure vessel by a cross flow filtration method, and separates it into permeated water in which ions are reduced and concentrated water in which ions are concentrated.
  • the concentrated water concentrated on the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane by reverse osmosis is discharged from the other end of the pressure vessel.
  • the permeated water that has permeated the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane is collected inside the water collection pipe and taken out of the reverse osmosis membrane module.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane provided in the reverse osmosis membrane module may be clogged by organic substances contained in the water to be treated, inorganic substances deposited as scales, and the like. If the pores of the reverse osmosis membrane are clogged, the amount of water produced and the removal rate will decrease, and if it is severe, breakthrough will occur, so periodic cleaning and replacement are necessary.
  • biofouling becomes a major problem, making it difficult to continue stable reverse osmosis treatment. Therefore, when reverse osmosis treatment is performed on water to be treated in which microorganisms are likely to propagate, measures for preventing microbial contamination are essential.
  • pretreatment using a chemical having a bactericidal action is generally performed.
  • Chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite are added to the water to be treated upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane, and such pretreatment prevents the growth of microorganisms in the piping and reverse osmosis membrane module through which the water to be treated flows.
  • a general reverse osmosis membrane is made of polyamide or the like and deteriorates by reacting with a chemical containing free chlorine. Therefore, normally, after adding chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite to the water to be treated, a reducing agent such as sodium bisulfite is added downstream, and neutralized before the chemical reaches the reverse osmosis membrane. Yes.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus there is an integrated type in which a seawater treatment system for reverse osmosis treatment of seawater and a wastewater treatment system for reverse osmosis treatment of wastewater such as sewage treated water are available.
  • seawater is diluted with concentrated water separated by reverse osmosis treatment of wastewater, and the seawater that has been diluted to lower the osmotic pressure is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a technique for effectively utilizing a bactericide and a neutralizing agent to be injected and to suppress troubles due to biofilm formation in integrated reverse osmosis treatment.
  • Reverse osmosis membrane fouling occurs not only when the microbial membrane grows on the membrane surface, but also when the microbial membrane grows by adhering to a pipe upstream of the reverse osmosis membrane and flows into the reverse osmosis membrane module from the pipe Sometimes.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane is quickly replaced when the deterioration has progressed, but the piping associated with the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus is often continued without being replaced. For this reason, pipes are often a source of contamination of reverse osmosis membranes, and there is a current situation that pipes are regularly cleaned to prevent fouling due to inflow from the pipes.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus and a reverse osmosis treatment method capable of continuing the reverse osmosis treatment even when the pipe attached to the apparatus is washed.
  • a reverse osmosis treatment apparatus includes a membrane unit in which one or a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules for performing reverse osmosis treatment of treated water, and the reverse treatment of the treated water. At least one part of the supply path for supplying the osmosis membrane module and the discharge path for discharging the concentrated water separated by the reverse osmosis treatment from the reverse osmosis membrane module are arranged in parallel.
  • Each of the pipes has an inlet valve capable of closing an inlet of the pipe and an outlet valve capable of closing an outlet of the pipe, and an intermediate between the inlet and the outlet.
  • a chemical washing pipe capable of supplying chemical washing water for washing the pipe is connected to the section.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment method includes a membrane unit in which one or a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules for performing reverse osmosis treatment on treated water is provided, and supplies the treated water to the reverse osmosis membrane module. And at least one part of the supply path for discharging the concentrated water separated by the reverse osmosis treatment from the reverse osmosis membrane module is configured by a plurality of pipes arranged in parallel.
  • each of the pipes is connected to a chemical washing pipe capable of supplying chemical washing water for washing the pipe at an intermediate portion between the inlet and the outlet.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1 includes a membrane unit 100 that performs reverse osmosis treatment on water to be treated.
  • the membrane unit 100 includes one or a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules.
  • the membrane unit 100 is configured by connecting one or more banks of reverse osmosis membrane modules in series via a pipe.
  • a bank is a series in which one or a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules are connected in parallel via a pipe.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1 desalinates the water to be treated by reverse osmosis to produce desalted water with reduced concentrations of ions and salts.
  • water to be treated for example, salt water such as seawater, associated water, brackish water, fossil water, groundwater, surface water is supplied to the apparatus.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment device 1 is used by being connected to various pumps, various pretreatment devices and the like necessary for reverse osmosis treatment or pretreatment of water to be treated.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1 can be used for applications such as seawater desalination, wastewater reuse, pure water production, and the like.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the reverse osmosis membrane module.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane module M includes a pressure vessel 5 and a reverse osmosis membrane element 6.
  • the pressure vessel 5 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and has an introduction port 5a at one end and a lead-out port 5b at the other end.
  • One or more reverse osmosis membrane elements 6 are accommodated in the pressure vessel 5.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane element 6 includes a reverse osmosis membrane 7 and is arranged in series inside the pressure vessel 5. In FIG. 2, a total of five reverse osmosis membrane elements 6 are arranged.
  • the number of reverse osmosis membrane elements 6 is appropriately determined according to the specifications of the reverse osmosis membrane module, the concentration rate of the reverse osmosis treatment, and the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the structure of the reverse osmosis membrane element.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane element 6 is configured by arranging a membrane laminate 6 a on which a reverse osmosis membrane 7 is stacked around a water collection pipe 8.
  • the membrane laminate 6 a is formed of a plurality of bag-like reverse osmosis membranes 7 and mesh-like spacers 9 that are radially joined to the peripheral surface of the water collecting pipe 8 and spirally wound around the water collecting pipe 8. Is formed.
  • the reverse osmosis membrane 7 is joined to the water collection pipe 8 so that the inside of the bag body communicates with the through hole 8 a of the water collection pipe 8.
  • the outer shape of the reverse osmosis membrane 7 is maintained by interposing a spacer 9 between the inside of the bag and between the reverse osmosis membranes 7.
  • the water to be treated that has been pressurized to the osmotic pressure or higher is introduced into the pressure vessel 5 through the introduction port 5a. And while the to-be-processed water flows through the inside of the pressure vessel 5 along a longitudinal direction, a reverse osmosis process is performed by the reverse osmosis membrane 7 by a crossflow filtration system. Thereafter, the concentrated water concentrated on the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane 7 by the reverse osmosis treatment is discharged from the pressure vessel 5 through the outlet port 5b. On the other hand, the permeated water that has permeated the secondary side of the reverse osmosis membrane 7 is collected in the water collection pipe 8 and discharged from the end.
  • the membrane unit 100 includes a supply path for supplying the water to be treated to the reverse osmosis membrane module of the membrane unit 100, and the permeated water separated by the reverse osmosis treatment.
  • a recovery path for recovering from the reverse osmosis membrane module and a discharge path for discharging the concentrated water separated by the reverse osmosis treatment from the reverse osmosis membrane module of the membrane unit 100 are used in a connected state.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1 is separated by a supply path for supplying water to be treated to the reverse osmosis membrane module of the membrane unit 100 and reverse osmosis treatment as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
  • a supply path for supplying water to be treated to the reverse osmosis membrane module of the membrane unit 100 and reverse osmosis treatment as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
  • the discharge paths for discharging the concentrated water from the reverse osmosis membrane module of the membrane unit 100 at least one part is constituted by a plurality of pipes (110, 210) arranged in parallel. .
  • FIG. 1A shows an example in which multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are arranged in a supply path of water to be treated.
  • FIG. 1B has shown the example which has arrange
  • the pipes communicating with the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane (7) are multiplexed, and the redundant flow path series is provided, so that the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are provided. Among them, some piping can be washed and the reverse osmosis treatment can be continued with the remaining piping.
  • FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B an example in which the multiplexed pipes are composed of two pipes of the first pipe 110 and the second pipe 210 is shown, but the number of multiplexed pipes is two or more. It is possible to use an appropriate number.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes includes an inlet valve (V11, V21) capable of closing the inlet of the pipe itself and an outlet capable of closing the outlet of the pipe itself. And valves (V12, V22).
  • the first pipe 110 has a first inlet valve V11 and a first outlet valve V12.
  • the second pipe 210 has a second inlet valve V21 and a second outlet valve V22.
  • the multiplexed individual pipes are configured such that the flow of water to be treated is blocked by closing the inlets and outlets of the pipes with valves. By closing with the valve, the inside of the pipe itself is isolated from the water to be treated supplied for the reverse osmosis treatment.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) has a chemical washing pipe (120, 210) through which chemical washing water for washing the pipe itself can flow in an intermediate portion between the inlet and the outlet of the pipe. 220, 140, 240) are connected.
  • the chemical washing pipes (120, 220, 140, 240) As the chemical washing pipes (120, 220, 140, 240), the first chemical washing pipe 120 for the first pipe, the second chemical washing pipe 140 for the first pipe, A total of four pipes, a first chemical washing pipe 220 for the second pipe and a second chemical washing pipe 240 for the second pipe, are provided.
  • the first chemical wash pipe 120 (V13, V14) is provided in the first chemical wash pipe 120 for the first pipe and the first chemical wash pipe 220 for the second pipe, respectively.
  • the second chemical wash pipe 140 for the first pipe and the second chemical wash pipe 240 for the second pipe are provided with second chemical wash pipe valves (V23, V24), respectively. .
  • the first chemical wash pipe 120 for the first pipe and the first chemical wash pipe 220 for the second pipe are pipes (110, 210) having one end multiplexed.
  • Each outlet side (downstream side of the water to be treated) is connected upstream of the outlet valves (V12, V22).
  • the other end is connected to a common chemical washing apparatus U.
  • the second chemical wash pipe 140 for the first pipe and the second chemical wash pipe 240 for the second pipe have one end on each inlet side of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) ( The upstream side of the water to be treated is connected downstream of the inlet valves (V11, V21).
  • the other end is connected to a common chemical washing apparatus U.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of the chemical washing apparatus.
  • the chemical washing apparatus U passes the chemical washing water tank 310 for temporarily storing the chemical washing water and the pipes (110, 210) multiplexed with the chemical washing water.
  • a chemical washing pump 320 for watering and a filter 330 for filtering the chemical washing water to remove contaminated substances after washing can be configured.
  • the chemical washing apparatus U includes a chemical washing water tank 310, a chemical washing pump 320, a filter 330, and the like in series via a pipe through which chemical washing water can flow, and one end is a first chemical for the first pipe.
  • the other pipes are connected to the washing pipe 120 and the first medicine washing pipe 220 for the second pipe, respectively, and the other ends are the second medicine washing pipe 140 for the first pipe and the second medicine washing pipe for the second pipe. 240 respectively. That is, a circulation path through which the chemical wash water can be circulated is formed between the chemical washing apparatus U and the multiplexed pipes (110, 210), and the first chemical washing pipe 120 for the first pipe is formed.
  • washing water examples include oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite, bactericides such as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), chelating agents such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),
  • oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite
  • bactericides such as 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA)
  • EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
  • a chemical solution containing an acid, an alkali, a surfactant and the like can be used.
  • a chemical solution in which one or more of these are dissolved in water can be passed as chemical washing water.
  • In-place cleaning by the chemical washing apparatus U is, for example, flushing clear water in one direction and draining, flushing with chemical washing water, circulation of chemical washing water on the circulation path, filling the pipe with chemical washing water Various treatments such as dipping to stand and dipping to leave the tube filled with clear fresh water are carried out in combination.
  • the chemical washing apparatus U is connected to the inlet side of the multiplexed pipe (the flow of the water to be treated) via the first chemical washing pipe 120 for the first pipe and the first chemical washing pipe 220 for the second pipe.
  • the chemical wash water may flow from the upstream side), or the outlets of the multiplexed pipes via the second chemical wash pipe 140 for the first pipe and the second chemical wash pipe 240 for the second pipe
  • Chemical wash water may be allowed to flow from the side (downstream of the water to be treated).
  • each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) is backwashed with chemical wash water.
  • Microbial membranes and the like that adhere firmly in the direction of the water to be treated are easily peeled off by the chemical flow of water in the opposite flow, and thus can be cleaned effectively.
  • the chemical wash water, fresh water, etc. which were passed through the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are drained from the circulation path through a drain path (not shown).
  • the chemical washing apparatus U can be configured in the order of the filter 330, the chemical washing water tank 310, and the chemical washing pump 320 along the flow direction of the chemical washing water.
  • the contaminants remaining in the chemical wash water returned from the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are removed by the filter 330 before flowing into the chemical wash water tank 310. . Therefore, it is possible to prevent the pollutant from reacting with the medicine charged into the chemical washing water tank 310 and weakening the effect of the medicine.
  • the first inlet valve V11 and the first outlet valve V12 are opened. Further, the first chemical washing pipe valves (V13, V14) of the pipe connected to the chemical washing apparatus U are closed. On the other hand, the second inlet valve V21 and the second outlet valve V22 on the second pipe 210 side are closed. Further, the second chemical washing piping valves (V23, V24) are opened.
  • the first pipe 110 allows the water to be treated to flow toward the reverse osmosis membrane module. Therefore, the reverse osmosis process of to-be-processed water can be continued using the 1st piping 110.
  • the second pipe 210 the inside of the pipe is isolated from the water to be treated supplied for reverse osmosis treatment, and instead the chemical washing water can flow. Therefore, the inside of the second pipe 210 can be cleaned without interrupting the reverse osmosis process.
  • the second inlet valve V21 and the second outlet valve V22 are opened as shown in FIG. 5B.
  • the second chemical washing piping valves (V23, V24) of the piping connected to the chemical washing device U are closed.
  • the first inlet valve V11 and the first outlet valve V12 on the first pipe 110 side are closed.
  • the first chemical washing piping valves (V13, V14) are opened.
  • the inside of the first pipe 110 can be cleaned while continuing the reverse osmosis treatment of the water to be treated using the second pipe 210.
  • 5A and 5B show an example in which the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are arranged in the treated water supply path, but the same operation is performed when they are arranged in the concentrated water discharge path. It becomes.
  • the valve switching operation can be performed during the operation of the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1.
  • the water quality index of the treated water supplied, for example, SDI (SiltSiDensity Index), adenosine triphosphate
  • SDI SiltSiDensity Index
  • adenosine triphosphate When there is a concern about the contamination of the pipe from the value of (ATP) or the like, or when the operation time of the membrane unit 100 reaches a predetermined time, the valve is switched, and the pipe used for reverse osmosis treatment and the pipe to be washed Can be replaced.
  • Each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) can have any pipe diameter, pipe length, thickness, shape, pressure resistance, material, etc., but it is preferable that the pipes have the same specifications.
  • reverse osmosis treatment and cleaning can be performed under the same conditions. Therefore, when the reverse osmosis process is continued while replacing the pipe used for the reverse osmosis process and the pipe to be cleaned, no extra adjustment is required.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a position where the multiplexed pipe is applied.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) include a supply pump (first pump) 11, a pretreatment device 12, a high-pressure pump (second pump) 13, a membrane unit 100, It can apply to the reverse osmosis processing apparatus 2 provided with.
  • the supply pump (first pump) 11 is provided to supply the water to be treated for reverse osmosis treatment from outside the system to the membrane unit 100.
  • the water to be treated is seawater
  • the taken-in seawater is supplied by the supply pump 11 after appropriate pretreatment.
  • Turbidity, marine organisms, and the like contained in seawater are usually excluded in advance by a coagulation-precipitation process using a coagulant, a flotation separation process, a filtration process using sand filtration, filter filtration, or a sterilization process.
  • the pretreatment device 12 is a device that eliminates turbidity in the for-treatment water.
  • the pretreatment device 12 is disposed downstream of the supply pump 11 in a supply path for supplying water to be treated.
  • the pretreatment device 12 is a filter such as a bag filter, for example, and removes relatively fine turbidity by filtration.
  • the high-pressure pump (second pump) 13 raises the water to be treated to the osmotic pressure or higher and passes it through the reverse osmosis membrane module provided in the membrane unit 100 to reverse osmosis the reverse osmosis membrane provided in the reverse osmosis membrane module.
  • the high-pressure pump 13 is disposed downstream of the pretreatment device 12 in the supply path for supplying the water to be treated.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 2 as shown in FIG. 6 can be provided with treated water in which microorganisms are easy to propagate, such as seawater and sewage treated water.
  • a chemical such as sodium hypochlorite having a bactericidal action is generally added in a section upstream from the supply pump 11 to cause fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane.
  • Prevention is often achieved. Since chemicals containing free chlorine such as sodium hypochlorite degrade reverse osmosis membranes made of polyamide, etc., chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite supplied to the treated water are reducing agents such as sodium bisulfite. Is often neutralized by adding.
  • the position at which such a reducing agent is added is indicated by the position of the chemical injection device including the reducing agent tank 15 and the chemical injection pump 16.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are connected to the section L 1 upstream of the supply pump (first pump) 11, the supply pump (first pump) 11 and the front.
  • Sections L2 and L3 between the processing apparatus 12, a section L4 between the preprocessing apparatus 12 and the high-pressure pump (second pump) 13, and between the high-pressure pump (second pump) 13 and the membrane unit 100 Applying to one or more sections of the section L5, it is possible to arrange a series of redundant flow paths so as to form at least a part of the section.
  • the section L3 downstream from the injection point is Since the water to be treated after the reducing agent is added flows, it is a section that is easily contaminated with microorganisms. Therefore, when the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are applied to the section L3 downstream from the chemical injection point, the sterilization action is weakened and the pipes that are easily contaminated are used by using redundant channels. Therefore, it is possible to wash frequently and effectively prevent fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane.
  • the water to be treated after the reducing agent is added passes through the pretreatment device 12 of the filter. Since it is a section, neutralization proceeds with stirring when passing through the filter, and the sterilization effect tends to be substantially lost. Therefore, when the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are applied to the sections L4, L5 downstream from the chemical injection point and downstream from the pretreatment device 12, the bactericidal action is substantially lost and the contamination is likely to occur. It is possible to frequently clean the pipe using the redundant flow path, and to prevent fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane more effectively.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are applied to the section L6 downstream of the membrane unit 100 corresponding to the concentrated water discharge path, and are redundant. It is possible to arrange the converted flow path series so as to form at least a part of the section.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are applied to the section L6 downstream from the membrane unit 100, the pipes in that section can be washed frequently. Therefore, when the concentrated water is reused, or when the concentrated water is mixed with water of different water quality and further subjected to reverse osmosis treatment, or when the concentrated water is post-treated, there is a possibility that the piping in that section may become a pollution source. Even if there is, it is possible to wash the piping in the section without interrupting the reverse osmosis treatment.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a position where a multiplexed pipe is applied.
  • the multiplexed pipes 110, 210) include a supply pump (first pump) 11, a pretreatment device 12, a high-pressure pump (second pump) 13, and a first bank 10.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment device 3 including the second bank 20, the power recovery device 18, and the booster pump (third pump) 19 can be applied. That is, the first bank 10 and the second bank 20 in which one or a plurality of reverse osmosis membrane modules are arranged in parallel, and the concentrated water separated by reverse osmosis treatment of treated water is further subjected to reverse osmosis treatment. It is possible to apply to a multistage reverse osmosis treatment apparatus.
  • the second bank 20 is provided for secondary treatment of the first concentrated water separated by the first bank 10 by reverse osmosis.
  • the first concentrated water is subjected to the reverse osmosis treatment in the second bank 20, the first concentrated water is separated into the second permeated water and the second concentrated water.
  • the power recovery device 18 is a device that boosts the water to be treated supplied to the first bank 10 using the residual pressure of the second concentrated water separated by the second bank 20.
  • the power recovery device 18 is, for example, a pressure exchanger such as a PX (Pressure Exchanger) type or a DWEER (Dual Energy Exchanger) type, a turbocharger type energy exchanger, a Pelton turbine, etc. It is composed of a device capable of exchanging energy.
  • a booster pump (third pump) 19 is provided to pressurize the water to be treated that has been pressurized by the power recovery device 18.
  • the booster pump 19 compensates the osmotic pressure that is insufficient due to the pressure increase by the power recovery device 18, and increases the water to be treated to a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure to reversely osmose the reverse osmosis membrane included in the reverse osmosis membrane module.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 3 as shown in FIG. 7 can be provided with water to be treated in which microorganisms are easy to propagate, similarly to the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 2 described above. Therefore, chemicals such as sodium hypochlorite may be added to the water to be treated, and then a reducing agent for neutralization may be added.
  • a reducing agent for neutralization may be added in FIG. 7, the position where such a reducing agent is added is indicated by the position of the chemical injection device (15, 16).
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are a section L 41 upstream from the branch point, and a section between the branch point and the high-pressure pump (second pump) 13.
  • One or more sections among section L7, section L8 between power recovery device 18 and booster pump (third pump) 19 and section L9 between booster pump (third pump) 19 and the junction It is possible to arrange the redundant flow path series so as to form at least a part of the section.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) correspond to the concentrated water discharge path, and the reverse osmosis membrane module of the first bank 10 and the second bank 20.
  • the section L6 between the reverse osmosis membrane module, the section L10 between the reverse osmosis membrane module of the second bank 20 and the power recovery device 18, and the section L11 downstream of the power recovery device 18 to provide redundancy. It is possible to arrange the converted flow path series so as to form at least a part of the section.
  • the 1st bank 10 and the 2nd bank 20 are provided as a 1st process system which carries out the reverse osmosis process of the 1st to-be-processed water.
  • the number of banks constituting the first processing system may be any number of one or more, and the transfer path L10 may be connected between the final stage of the first processing system and the power recovery device 18. That's fine.
  • the structure of the other equipment of the reverse osmosis treatment device 3 is the same as that of the reverse osmosis treatment device 2 described above.
  • the power recovery device 18 and the booster pump 19 may be omitted.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a position where a multiplexed pipe is applied.
  • the multiplexed pipes 110, 210) can be applied to the integrated reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 4.
  • the integrated reverse osmosis treatment device 4 is a concentrated water obtained by separating the high salt concentration treated water (second treated water) by the reverse osmosis treatment of the low salt concentration treated water (first treated water). Dilute.
  • it is an integrated form using sewage treated water for seawater desalination treatment, and the first treated water with low salt concentration is applied to sewage treated water, and the second treated water with high salt concentration is applied to seawater. be able to.
  • the integrated reverse osmosis treatment device 4 shown in FIG. 8 includes a supply pump (first pump) 11 for first treated water, a pretreatment device 12, a high-pressure pump (second pump) 13, and a first bank. 101 and a first film unit composed of the second bank 102. Moreover, the mixing tank (mixing part) 50, the supply pump (first pump) 21 for the second treated water, the pretreatment device 22, the high-pressure pump (second pump) 23, the third bank 103, and the second A second membrane unit including four banks 104, a power recovery device 18, and a booster pump (third pump) 19 are provided.
  • the 1st bank 101 comprises the 1st membrane unit which carries out reverse osmosis processing of the 1st treated water of low salt concentration.
  • the first treated water is subjected to the reverse osmosis treatment in the first bank 101, the first treated water is separated into the first permeated water and the first concentrated water.
  • the second bank 102 constitutes a first membrane unit that performs reverse osmosis treatment on the first treated water, and is provided for secondary treatment of the first concentrated water separated by the first bank 101 by reverse osmosis. ing.
  • the first concentrated water is subjected to the reverse osmosis treatment in the second bank 102, the first concentrated water is separated into the second permeated water and the second concentrated water.
  • the mixing tank (mixing unit) 50 is a processing tank for mixing with the second concentrated water separated by the first membrane unit.
  • the mixing tank 50 the second treated water with a high salt concentration is diluted with the second concentrated water with a low salt concentration, whereby the osmotic pressure of the second treated water is lowered. Therefore, reverse osmosis processing with reduced power cost is realized.
  • the third bank 103 constitutes a second membrane unit that performs reverse osmosis treatment on the second treated water having a high salt concentration. For example, when the second concentrated water can be supplied, the third bank 103 performs reverse osmosis processing on the second treated water mixed with the second concentrated water in the mixing tank 50. When the second treated water is subjected to the reverse osmosis treatment in the third bank 103, the second treated water is separated into the third permeated water and the third concentrated water.
  • the 4th bank 104 comprises the 2nd membrane unit which carries out reverse osmosis processing of the 2nd treated water, and is provided in order to carry out secondary processing of the 3rd concentrated water separated by the 3rd bank 103 by reverse osmosis. ing.
  • the third concentrated water is subjected to the reverse osmosis treatment in the fourth bank 104, the third concentrated water is separated into the fourth permeated water and the fourth concentrated water.
  • the bank 102 of the first membrane unit included in the reverse osmosis treatment device 4 is a transfer path for transferring the second concentrated water separated by the second bank 102 to the mixing tank (mixing unit) 50. Used with L12 connected.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are separated by the transfer path L12 connecting the second bank 102 and the mixing tank 50 or the first membrane unit. Applying the second treated water mixed with the concentrated water (second concentrated water) to the reverse osmosis membrane module of the first membrane unit, It can arrange
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) correspond to the concentrated water discharge path for the second bank 102, the transfer path L12 corresponding to the water supply path for the third bank 103, and the first membrane.
  • the pipes in that section can be frequently washed.
  • the first bank 101, the second bank 102, and the second treated water are subjected to the reverse osmosis treatment as the first treatment system for performing the reverse osmosis treatment on the first treated water.
  • a third bank 103 and a fourth bank 104 are provided as the second processing system.
  • the number of banks constituting the membrane units of the first processing system and the second processing system may be any number of one or more, and the transfer path L12 is connected to the final stage of the first processing system and the mixing tank. 50 may be connected.
  • FIG. 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating an example of connection of multiplexed pipes.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) have a branch (see FIG. 9A) that can divide the water to be treated at an intermediate portion between the inlet and outlet of the pipe. Or may have a branch (see FIG. 9B) that can be merged.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are applied to one or more sections across the diversion point and the confluence in the treated water supply path and the concentrated water discharge path. It is also possible to arrange the series so as to be branched.
  • the injection point of the reducing agent is indicated by a white arrow.
  • cleans piping itself can flow through each of the multiplexed piping (110,210) downstream from a diversion point.
  • Washing pipes (120, 220) are connected.
  • the first chemical wash pipe (120, 220) includes a first chemical wash pipe 120 for a first pipe provided with a first chemical wash pipe valve V13 capable of closing the first chemical wash pipe itself,
  • a first chemical wash pipe 220 for a second pipe provided with a second chemical wash pipe valve V23 capable of closing the first chemical wash pipe itself is provided for each of the branched flow path series.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) includes an upstream end of a section between the high-pressure pump 13 and the junction, and a section between the booster pump 19 and the junction.
  • outlet valves (V12, V22) are provided at the downstream end of the section between the junction and the first bank 10.
  • cleans piping itself can flow through each of the multiplexed piping (110,210) downstream from a confluence
  • Washing pipes (120, 220) are connected.
  • the first chemical wash pipe (120, 220) includes a first chemical wash pipe 120 for a first pipe provided with a first chemical wash pipe valve V13 capable of closing the first chemical wash pipe itself,
  • a first chemical wash pipe 220 for a second pipe provided with a second chemical wash pipe valve V23 capable of closing the first chemical wash pipe itself is provided for each of the branched flow path series.
  • second chemical wash pipes through which chemical wash water that has washed the pipes themselves can flow in an intermediate portion upstream from the junction.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) are routed through the second chemical washing pipe (140, 240) and the first chemical washing pipe (120, 220) provided for each of the branched flow paths.
  • a circulation path through which the chemical washing water circulates is formed for each series of the flow paths.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes has a structure in which each of the branched flow paths is fixedly washed with the flow of chemical wash water, thereby effectively cleaning all of the branched flow paths.
  • one medicine washing device U is provided.
  • the medicine washing device U may be provided for each of the branched flow paths. By providing and sharing one medicine washing device U, it is possible to simplify the piping structure and save chemicals. Further, by providing the chemical washing apparatus U for each series of branched flow paths, it is possible to perform appropriate cleaning for each series.
  • FIG. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating an example of connection of multiplexed pipes.
  • the multiplexed pipes 110, 210) are applied to a section straddling equipment for reverse osmosis treatment, pretreatment, etc.
  • redundant flow paths are used. May be connected to a common equipment device, or may be multiplexed together with a flow path and individually connected to a plurality of equipment equipment provided for each flow path system. That is, in the reverse osmosis treatment device, only the piping may be multiplexed, or equipment such as a pump and a pretreatment device may be multiplexed together with the multiplexed piping.
  • FIG. 10A shows a multiplexed pipe (110, 210) in the section L3 between the reducing agent injection point and the pretreatment device 12 shown in FIG. 7, the pretreatment device 12 and the high pressure pump (second The state applied to the section L4 between the pump) 13 and the section L7 between the branch point and the power recovery device 18 is illustrated.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) is applied to a section straddling the pretreatment device 12, and the flow path series is changed from the reductant injection point to the common pretreatment device 12. After connecting, it is separated again and multiplexed.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) has an inlet valve (V11, V21) at the end of a section upstream from the pretreatment device 12, and from the pretreatment device 12 also have outlet valves (V12, V22) at the end of the downstream section.
  • each of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) is connected to the first chemical washing pipe (120, 220) in the middle part of the section downstream from the pretreatment device 12, and the pretreatment is performed.
  • the second chemical washing pipes (140, 240) are connected to the middle part of the section upstream from the device 12.
  • Each of the redundant flow path series is individually connected to the pretreatment apparatuses 12 and 12 multiplexed together with the flow paths, and the water to be treated is filtered by different pretreatment apparatuses 12 respectively. Yes.
  • FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B when a multiplexed pipe is applied to a section straddling equipment for reverse osmosis treatment or pretreatment, a series of redundant flow paths is common. If it arrange
  • the equipment when arranged so as to be individually connected to a plurality of equipment devices multiplexed together with the flow path (see FIG. 10B), the equipment is provided with piping communicating with the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane without interrupting the reverse osmosis treatment. There is an advantage that the apparatus can be cleaned.
  • a part of at least one of the supply path of the water to be treated and the discharge path of the concentrated water connected to the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane is composed of multiple pipes that are arranged in parallel, so that some of the pipes are used for reverse osmosis treatment of the water to be treated, and the remaining pipes during the reverse osmosis treatment of the water to be treated It is possible to let chemical wash water flow through. Therefore, it is possible to continue the reverse osmosis process even when cleaning the pipe attached to the apparatus and communicating with the primary side of the reverse osmosis membrane. Therefore, fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane, in which the piping becomes a contamination source, can be continuously prevented while keeping the operating rate of the apparatus high.
  • the injection pipes (160, 260) are provided so that the water to be treated can be injected into the pipes of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210).
  • the injection pipes (160, 260) are provided for replacing the liquid in the pipe after the chemical washing water is passed through and washed with the water to be treated.
  • the injection pipe (160, 260) includes a first injection pipe 160 provided with a first injection pipe valve V16 capable of closing the injection pipe itself and a second injection pipe valve V26 capable of closing the injection pipe itself.
  • the second injection tube 260 is provided with two. One end of the injection pipe (160, 260) is connected to each inlet side (upstream side of the flow of water to be treated) of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) in FIG. And may be connected at any position between the outlet and the outlet. Further, the other end of the injection pipe (160, 260) may be connected to an arbitrary section of the supply path of the water to be treated.
  • the extraction pipes (180, 280) are provided so that the liquid in the pipes of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) can be extracted to the liquid detector D.
  • the extraction pipes (180, 280) are provided for detecting the liquid in the pipe after the chemical wash water is passed through and washed, and grasping the degree of residual chemical wash water.
  • the extraction pipes (180, 280) include a first extraction pipe 180 provided with a first extraction pipe valve V18 capable of closing the extraction pipe itself, and a second extraction pipe valve V28 capable of closing the extraction pipe itself.
  • the second extraction tube 280 is provided with two. One end of the extraction pipe (180, 280) is connected to each outlet side of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) (downstream of the water to be treated) in FIG. And may be connected at any position between the outlet and the outlet. On the other hand, the other end of the extraction pipe (180, 280) is connected to the liquid detector D.
  • the liquid detector D is composed of a detector capable of detecting properties such as pH and electrical conductivity of the liquid.
  • the liquid detector D measures pH, electrical conductivity, etc., and can detect chemical washing water and the like from the composition of the liquid.
  • Various pH meters equipped with hydrogen electrodes, glass electrodes, semiconductor sensors, etc. Appropriate equipment such as various electric conductivity meters such as an AC type and an electromagnetic induction type can be used.
  • the water to be treated is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment using some of the multiplexed pipes (110, 210).
  • the inside of the pipe is washed by passing the chemical washing water through the remaining pipe.
  • cleaned piping is extracted to a liquid detector, After detecting that the liquid in a pipe
  • the first inlet valve V11 and the first outlet valve V12 of the first pipe 110 are closed, and the first chemical washing pipe valve (V13, By opening V14), the chemical washing water is passed into the pipe through the circulation path.
  • the second inlet valve V21 and the second outlet valve V22 of the second pipe 210 are opened and the second chemical washing pipe valves (V23, V24) are closed, so that the water to be treated is directed toward the membrane unit 100.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment is performed after being supplied.
  • the injection tube (160, 260) and the extraction tube (180, 280) are both closed.
  • the first chemical cleaning piping valves (V13, V14) are closed, and the flow of chemical cleaning water to the first piping 110 is stopped.
  • the 1st injection pipe valve V16 is opened, to-be-processed water is inject
  • the first extraction pipe valve V18 is opened, the liquid in the pipe of the first pipe 110 is extracted to the liquid detector D, and it is detected whether or not the liquid in the pipe is replaced with the water to be treated.
  • both the injection pipe (160, 260) and the extraction pipe (180, 280) are returned to the closed state.
  • the second inlet valve V21 and the second outlet valve V22 of the second pipe 210 are closed, and the second chemical washing pipe valves (V23, V24) are opened, so that chemical washing water passes through the circulation path into the pipe. Watered.
  • the first inlet valve V11 and the first outlet valve V12 of the first pipe 110 are opened, and the first chemical washing pipe valves (V13, V14) are closed, so that the water to be treated is directed toward the membrane unit 100.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment is performed after being supplied.
  • the second chemical cleaning piping valves (V23, V24) are closed, and the flow of chemical cleaning water to the second piping 210 is stopped.
  • the 2nd injection pipe valve V26 is opened, to-be-processed water is inject
  • the second extraction pipe valve V28 is opened, the liquid in the pipe of the second pipe 210 is extracted to the liquid detector D, and it is detected whether or not the liquid in the pipe is replaced with the water to be treated.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus and the reverse osmosis treatment method according to the above modification, when the pipe used for the reverse osmosis treatment and the pipe to be washed are replaced, the liquid inside the washed pipe is surely replaced with the water to be treated. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the piping in which the chemical washing water remains in the pipe from being used for supplying the water to be treated. Therefore, it is possible to avoid deterioration of the reverse osmosis membrane due to the chemical used for cleaning the pipe.
  • the pipe used for reverse osmosis treatment and the pipe to be washed are exchanged, the water to be treated is injected into the pipe through the injection pipe. There is no need to interrupt. Therefore, it is possible to maintain a high operating rate, replace the liquid in the pipe, and prevent the reverse osmosis membrane from deteriorating.
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1A includes any of the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 2 illustrated in FIG. 6, the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 3 illustrated in FIG. 7, and the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 4 illustrated in FIG. You may apply.
  • positioned the multiplexed piping (110,210) in the supply path of to-be-processed water is shown in FIG. 11, you may arrange
  • the reverse osmosis treatment apparatus 1A includes the injection pipe (160, 260), the extraction pipe (180, 280), and the liquid detector D, but the injection pipe (160, 260). 260) only, or only the extraction tube (180, 280) and the liquid detector D may be provided.
  • the liquid in the tube may be detected by an appropriate method or may not be detected.
  • the liquid in the pipe may be replaced with water to be treated by an appropriate method, or the liquid in the pipe is replaced with clean water or the like. Also good.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) may be arranged in the entire section or a further arbitrary section of the treated water supply path and the concentrated water discharge path. .
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) may have a plurality of branches (see FIG. 9A) to which the water to be treated can be diverted or a branch (see FIG. 9B) that can be merged, or both. You may have.
  • the multiplexed pipes (110, 210) may be multiplexed to three or more.
  • a chemical washing apparatus U may be provided for each pipe. However, it is also possible to improve efficiency by sharing and using differently by switching valves.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un dispositif de traitement par osmose inverse et sur un procédé de traitement par osmose inverse avec lesquels il est possible d'effectuer de manière continue un traitement d'osmose inverse même pendant le lavage de la tuyauterie accompagnant le dispositif. Un dispositif de traitement par osmose inverse (1) est pourvu d'une unité de membrane (100) formée en disposant un ou une pluralité de modules de membrane d'osmose inverse. Une partie d'un canal d'alimentation destiné à fournir de l'eau de traitement et/ou un canal d'évacuation destiné à évacuer de l'eau concentrée est configurée à partir d'une pluralité de conduites (110, 210) disposées en parallèle, chacune d'elles ayant une vanne d'admission (V11, V21) pouvant fermer un orifice d'entrée et une vanne de sortie (V12, V22) pouvant fermer un orifice de sortie, et dans lesquelles une tuyauterie de lavage chimique (120, 220) pouvant fournir de l'eau de lavage chimique est raccordée à une partie intermédiaire. Un procédé de traitement par osmose inverse consiste à soumettre l'eau de traitement à un traitement par osmose inverse à l'aide d'une partie de la tuyauterie, à laver la tuyauterie restante et à poursuivre le traitement par osmose inverse tout en alternant la tuyauterie utilisée dans le traitement par osmose inverse et la tuyauterie à laver.
PCT/JP2018/007048 2017-02-28 2018-02-26 Dispositif de traitement par osmose inverse et procédé de traitement par osmose inverse WO2018159561A1 (fr)

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JP2017037663A JP2018140376A (ja) 2017-02-28 2017-02-28 逆浸透処理装置及び逆浸透処理方法

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JP7366527B2 (ja) * 2018-09-14 2023-10-23 株式会社東芝 水処理装置

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JP2007175179A (ja) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-12 Watari System Mechanic:Kk 新生児入浴装置及び該装置を備えた新生児浴槽ユニット
JP2014161797A (ja) * 2013-02-25 2014-09-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 逆浸透膜装置及びその運転方法
US20150076063A1 (en) * 2012-04-15 2015-03-19 Eci Telecom Ltd. Method and a Device for Maintaining a Synchronized Local Timer Using a Periodic Signal

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JP2007175179A (ja) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-12 Watari System Mechanic:Kk 新生児入浴装置及び該装置を備えた新生児浴槽ユニット
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CN111346513A (zh) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-30 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 含盐水的反渗透处理方法和反渗透系统

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