WO2016009904A1 - 熱収縮チューブ及び熱収縮キャップ並びに電線束の防水方法 - Google Patents
熱収縮チューブ及び熱収縮キャップ並びに電線束の防水方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016009904A1 WO2016009904A1 PCT/JP2015/069561 JP2015069561W WO2016009904A1 WO 2016009904 A1 WO2016009904 A1 WO 2016009904A1 JP 2015069561 W JP2015069561 W JP 2015069561W WO 2016009904 A1 WO2016009904 A1 WO 2016009904A1
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- adhesive layer
- viscosity
- cap
- shrinkable
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat-shrinkable tube and a heat-shrinkable cap used for waterproofing a bundle of wires formed by bundling a plurality of insulated wires, such as a wire harness for automobiles and motorcycles.
- the present invention further relates to a method for waterproofing the wire bundle using the heat shrinkable tube and the heat shrinkable cap.
- Wire harnesses for automobiles and motorcycles are composed of a plurality of insulated wires bundled together with a cable tie or adhesive tape.
- Each insulated wire is formed by coating an insulator with a bundle of strands (usually a plurality of wires) made of a conductor such as a copper alloy.
- the connection part (joint part) at the end or intermediate part of the wire bundle such as a wire harness is a part where the strand is exposed, and the inner surface is made of a hot-melt adhesive (inner layer adhesive) for waterproofing.
- a heat-shrinkable tube having a layer and a heat-shrinkable cap are used.
- the wire harness waterproofing requirement is not only to prevent the ingress of water from the outside at the connection part, but also to prevent the inside of the insulated wire from entering and leaving the insulated wire that has entered from the part that is not waterproofed.
- the viscosity of the inner layer adhesive of the conventional heat shrinkable tube and heat shrinkable cap is high, the inner layer adhesive does not penetrate between the strands by simply covering the strands with the heat shrinkable tube and cap. Aqueous (property to stop water between strands) cannot be obtained.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a heat-shrinkable tube in which a cyano-based adhesive is infiltrated into a gap between the core wires of the end of an electric wire to solidify and bond the core wires, while a hot melt layer (adhesive layer) is provided on the inner surface thereof.
- a waterproof structure for an electric wire terminal is described in which a hot melt layer is melted and solidified and covered with the terminal.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a water-stopping material supply step in which a liquid water-stopping material having thermosetting properties is attached to the exposed end core wire portion of an electric wire, and the water-stopping material penetrates between the core wires, and resistance welding.
- a water-stopping material curing step for curing the water-stopping material with the heat generated by the heat treatment, and a heat-shrink cap coated with hot melt on the inside thereof is placed on the end of the covered electric wire, and heat is applied to the heat-shrink cap to heat shrink
- a method for water-stopping a joint wire which sequentially includes a line water-stopping step of shrinking a cap and allowing the hot melt to penetrate between the covered wires to stop water between the covered wires.
- the present invention is a heat shrink that can be used for waterproofing an exposed portion of a wire bundle (waterproof portion such as a connection part) of a wire bundle formed by bundling a plurality of wires formed by insulating and covering a plurality of wires such as an automobile wire harness.
- the present invention can achieve waterproofing between the exposed wires and waterproofing of the bare wires by simply covering the exposed wire with a heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap and heat shrinking. ) Is also an object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof method for a bundle of electric wires.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap having an adhesive layer on the inner surface, the adhesive layer having a viscosity of 10 Pa ⁇ s at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the heat shrink temperature.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap having an adhesive layer on the inner surface, wherein the adhesive layer is It is formed from a resin having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at a heat shrinkage temperature of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less and a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the maximum temperature of continuous use at 100 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided at least on the heat-shrinkable cap opening side. Heat shrink tube or heat shrink cap.
- the heat shrinkable tube or the heat shrinkable cap is placed on a wire exposed portion of a wire bundle formed by bundling a plurality of wires formed by insulatingly covering a bundle of a plurality of strands, and then the heat shrinkage is performed.
- the adhesive layer is The viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the heat shrink temperature is 10 Pa ⁇ s or less,
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided at least on the heat-s
- the wire exposed portion of the bundle of wires that is, the waterproof portion of the wire exposed portion, as well as the waterproofing of the exposed portion of the wire, can be stopped by simply shrinking by heating.
- a heat-shrinkable tube or a heat-shrinkable cap is provided that is capable of suppressing the outflow of resin during heat shrinkage.
- the heat-shrinkable tube or the heat-shrinkable cap is covered with the heat-shrinkable tube or the heat-shrinkable cap on the exposed part of the wire bundle, that is, the part that is required to be waterproofed.
- this waterproofing method is highly productive, and can be preferably applied as a waterproofing method for joint portions of wire harnesses for automobiles.
- the present inventor has determined that the inner adhesive layer has a viscosity at the temperature during heat shrinkage (heat-shrink temperature). It is easy to penetrate between strands and is made of a resin whose viscosity increases greatly at a temperature lower than the heat shrinkage temperature. The inventors found that a heat-shrinkable tube or cap capable of preventing water between the lines and suppressing the outflow of resin at the time of heat-shrinking was obtained, and the invention of the first aspect was completed.
- a first aspect of the present invention is a heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap having an adhesive layer on the inner surface, the adhesive layer having a viscosity of 10 Pa ⁇ s at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the heat shrink temperature.
- an adhesive layer is provided in contact with the inner surface (corresponding to the inner layer adhesive layer of the conventional heat shrinkable tube and heat shrinkable cap).
- the first aspect is characterized in that the adhesive layer includes the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the heat shrink temperature is a temperature at which the heat shrink tube or the heat shrink cap is heated to cause heat shrink.
- the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer has a low viscosity of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less at the shear rate of 1 s- 1 at the heat shrinkage temperature. It is possible to obtain a good water resistance between strands. In addition, resin becomes easy to osmose
- the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer at a temperature lower than the heat shrinkage temperature, for example, a temperature at which a water-stopped wire bundle is used, the resin has a high viscosity enough to obtain a sufficient water-stop property between the strands.
- Some resin (or solidified resin) is preferred.
- the inner layer adhesive does not flow due to cooling after heat shrinkage, and the wire bundle is solidified or has a high viscosity at the temperature when the wire bundle is used. It is desirable to be.
- the resin that constitutes the low-viscosity adhesive layer has a low viscosity even after cooling after heat shrinkage, the resin that has penetrated between the strands tends to flow when the wire bundle is used, making it difficult to maintain the water-stop property between the strands. . Further, when the viscosity of the resin is low at a temperature lower than the heat shrinkage temperature, particularly at room temperature, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain the shape of the low viscosity adhesive layer when the heat shrinkable tube or the cap is stored.
- the resin forming the low-viscosity adhesive layer has a viscosity of 100 Pa ⁇ s or more at the maximum continuous use temperature at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 . Decreases, the wire bundle is solidified or has a high viscosity at the temperature of use, and the outflow of resin during use after heat shrinkage is suppressed.
- the wire exposed portion of the wire bundle that is, the portion that needs to be waterproofed is covered with heat, and the wire exposed portion is waterproofed.
- a heat-shrinkable tube or heat-shrinkable cap that can also stop water between strands and does not flow out of resin during heat shrinkage is provided.
- the maximum continuous use temperature is lower than the heat shrink temperature.
- the viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 is measured using a rotary rheometer. Specifically, it is a value measured at a predetermined heat shrinkage temperature (for example, 150 ° C.) using a jig PP-12 using a rotary rheometer (“MCR302” manufactured by Anton Paar).
- the shear rate is determined by the shape and rotation speed of the rotor, and is set automatically by the rotary rheometer.
- the resin forming the low-viscosity adhesive layer is preferably formed of an adhesive resin having adhesiveness to the strand that is the adherend.
- Resins having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at a heat shrinkage temperature of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less and a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the maximum continuous use temperature of 100 Pa ⁇ s or more are different from various resins. It can be selected and its type is not specified. In many cases, a heat shrinkage temperature of about 150 ° C. is adopted. Specific examples of resins that can be suitably applied to a heat shrinkage temperature of about 150 ° C. include polyamide resins and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA). ).
- a heat shrinkable tube or a heat shrinkable cap in which the low-viscosity adhesive layer is formed mainly of polyamide resin or EVA that solidifies at a temperature lower than the heat shrinkage temperature.
- the main component of polyamide resin or EVA is that the polyamide resin or EVA occupies at least 50% by mass, preferably 80 to 100% by mass, but other resins are used in combination as long as the above-mentioned purpose is not impaired. Means that it may be.
- a heat shrinkable tube having a heat shrinkage temperature of about 150 ° C. is often used in a high temperature atmosphere, and the maximum continuous use temperature is usually about 125 ° C. In the case of a heat-shrinkable tube having a lower temperature atmosphere, for example, a heat shrinkable tube having a maximum continuous use temperature of about 80 ° C., the heat shrink temperature is usually about 125 ° C.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap having an adhesive layer on the inner surface, wherein the adhesive layer is It is formed from a resin having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at a heat shrinkage temperature of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less and a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the maximum temperature of continuous use at 100 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided at least on the heat-shrinkable cap opening side. Heat shrink tube or heat shrink cap.
- the low-viscosity adhesive layer in the second aspect of the present invention is the same as the low-viscosity adhesive layer in the first aspect. Therefore, the description and explanation of the low-viscosity adhesive layer in the first aspect are also applied to the low-viscosity adhesive layer in the second aspect.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer formed from a resin having a viscosity of 200 Pa ⁇ s or higher when the shear rate is 1 s- 1 at the heat-shrinkable temperature is a heat-shrinkable tube. Is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer, and in the case of the heat-shrinkable cap, at least on the heat-shrinkable cap opening side of the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the present inventor constructed a low-viscosity adhesive layer (similar to the first embodiment) with a resin that has a low viscosity at the heat shrinkage temperature and easily penetrates between the strands. It has been found that by providing a high-viscosity adhesive layer (dam material) that prevents outflow at the time, the outflow of the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer during heat shrinkage can be further suppressed.
- the wire exposed portion can be waterproofed as well as waterproofing the wire exposed portion, and The inventors found that the outflow of resin at the time of heat shrinkage can be further suppressed and completed the invention of the second aspect and the third aspect described later.
- the heat-shrinkable tube or heat-shrink cap adhesive layer of the second aspect includes a low-viscosity adhesive layer and a high-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the amount of the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer is too small, it becomes difficult to achieve sufficient inter-wire waterproofing.
- the amount of the resin is too large, it becomes difficult to prevent the resin from flowing out (extruding) at the time of thermal shrinkage even by the high viscosity adhesive layer. Therefore, the amount of resin in the low-viscosity adhesive layer (layer thickness and layer length in the tube direction) is an amount necessary to achieve sufficient inter-strand water-stopping properties, and the outflow of the resin. It is preferable to select from a range that can prevent (extrusion).
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer has a viscosity of 200 Pa ⁇ s or more (shear rate 1 s -1 ) even during heat shrinkage (when the heat shrink temperature is reached), so that the shape of the resin layer is Retained during contraction. More preferably, it has a viscosity of 400 Pa ⁇ s or higher at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 even during heat shrinkage. For example, when 150 ° C. is adopted as the heat shrink temperature, the viscosity at 150 ° C. (shear rate 1 s ⁇ 1 ) is 200 Pa ⁇ s or more, preferably the viscosity at 150 ° C. (shear rate 1 s ⁇ 1 ). 400 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer flows with a low viscosity, but the high-viscosity adhesive layer retains its shape even at the time of heat shrinkage, and the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer is a high-viscosity adhesive. It plays a role in preventing the flow out to the outside beyond the layer (the role of a kind of dam: where it is called “dam material”). Therefore, the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided at a position where the resin constituting the low-viscosity adhesive layer can be prevented from flowing out of the tube during heat shrinkage.
- a high-viscosity adhesive layer may be provided only outside the end of the opening of the low-viscosity adhesive layer (on the opening side of the cap). (However, one end of the heat-shrinkable cap may be closed by a high-viscosity adhesive layer. In this case, a high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is not necessarily provided in contact with the end of the low-viscosity adhesive layer.
- the resin forming the high-viscosity adhesive layer is a resin mainly composed of polyethylene or other polyolefin resin, thermoplastic polyester resin, EVA, polyamide resin, etc. Examples thereof include resins having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 of 200 Pa ⁇ s or higher, preferably 400 Pa ⁇ s or higher, and polyethylene and EVA are particularly preferable.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer is mainly composed of a polyamide resin or EVA, and is composed of a resin having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s- 1 during heat shrinkage of 400 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- a heat shrink tube or heat shrink cap is provided.
- the heat-shrinkable tube and heat-shrinkable cap of the second aspect are a heat-shrinkable tube and a heat-shrinkable cap manufactured in the same manner as the heat-shrinkable cap and the heat-shrinkable cap.
- the end of the low-viscosity adhesive layer both ends in the case of a heat-shrinkable tube.
- the end on the opening side is used. It is obtained by forming a high viscosity adhesive layer.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer can be formed by a method in which a ring having the shape of the high-viscosity adhesive layer is separately formed in advance and fitted into predetermined positions of the heat-shrinkable tube and the heat-shrinkable cap.
- the heat-shrinkable tubes in the first and second aspects are tubes that have the property of shrinking in the radial direction when heated, and are normally open at both ends. This is used for waterproofing the exposed part of the wire at the end of the harness.
- the heat-shrink cap is a heat-shrinkable tube whose one end has already been closed by heat-shrinkage or the like, and is used for waterproofing the exposed wire portion at the end of the wire harness.
- the heat-shrinkable tube and heat-shrinkable cap in the first and second aspects are the same resin as the conventional heat-shrinkable tube, except for the inner layer adhesive layer (low viscosity adhesive layer and high viscosity adhesive layer). And can be manufactured by a similar method. For example, after a linear polyolefin polymer is formed into a tube shape using a melt extruder, etc., the resin is cross-linked by ionizing radiation irradiation, etc., and then the diameter is expanded by a method such as sending compressed air into the tube, and then cooling and fixing. Thus, a resin tube having heat shrinkability can be manufactured.
- the heat shrink cap can be manufactured by closing one end of the heat shrink tube manufactured as described above by heat shrink or the like.
- the waterproofing of the heat-shrinkable tube, the heat-shrinkable cap, and the wire harness using these will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the heat-shrinkable tube of the first aspect, the cap, and the inter-wire waterproofing performed using the same are performed when the high-viscosity adhesive layer is not formed in the heat-shrinkable tube and the cap of the second aspect described below. The same applies to portions that do not relate to the high-viscosity adhesive layer.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view showing a heat shrinkable tube according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 1B is a schematic perspective view showing a heat shrinkable cap according to the second embodiment. Both represent the state before heat shrinkage.
- 1 represents a heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap
- 2 represents a low viscosity adhesive layer
- 3 represents a high viscosity adhesive layer.
- the high-viscosity adhesive layer 3 is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer 2 in the heat-shrinkable tube of FIG. 1A, and in the heat-shrinkable cap of FIG.
- the other end is closed by a resin that forms the high viscosity adhesive layer 3.
- a gap 4 (a portion where no adhesive layer is formed) is provided between the high viscosity adhesive layer 3 and the low viscosity adhesive layer 2.
- the heat shrink cap of FIG. 1 (b) is obtained by heat shrinking one end of the heat shrink tube of FIG. 1 (a).
- FIG. 2 (a) is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which a wire harness having an electric wire exposed portion at an intermediate portion thereof is inserted into the heat shrinkable tube of the second aspect.
- FIG. 2B is a schematic perspective view showing a state in which the end of the wire harness having the wire exposed portion at the end is inserted into the heat shrinkable cap of the second aspect.
- 6 represents a wire harness
- 5 represents an exposed wire portion (waterproof portion).
- FIGS. 2A and 2B after the wire harness having the exposed wire portion is inserted into the heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap, the heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap is heated to the heat shrinkage temperature. Heat shrink.
- FIG. 3A shows a state in which a wire harness having an exposed wire portion is inserted in the middle portion of the heat-shrinkable tube according to the second embodiment, and then the tube is heated and thermally contracted.
- FIG.3 (b) represents the state which heat-shrinked the heat shrink cap after inserting the wire harness which has an electric wire exposure part in the terminal to the heat shrink cap of a 2nd aspect.
- the low-viscosity adhesive layer 2 flows and spreads, filling the gap 4, but flows to the outside of the heat-shrinkable tube and cap by the high-viscosity adhesive layer 3 that is not easily deformed even at the heat shrink temperature. That is blocked. (In FIGS.
- 11 represents a heat-shrinkable tube or cap after heat shrinkage
- 21 represents a low-viscosity adhesive layer after flow
- the low-viscosity adhesive layer 2 is Since it is formed from a low-viscosity resin with a shear rate of 1 s -1 at a heat shrinkage temperature of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less, it penetrates between the strands of the wire harness 6 and has excellent inter-strand water stopping properties. Can be obtained.
- the heat shrinkable tube or the heat shrinkable cap is placed on a wire exposed portion of a wire bundle formed by bundling a plurality of wires formed by insulatingly covering a bundle of a plurality of strands, and then the heat shrinkage is performed.
- the adhesive layer is It is formed from a resin having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at a heat shrinkage temperature of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less and a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at the maximum temperature of continuous use at 100 Pa ⁇ s or more.
- a low viscosity adhesive layer, and A high-viscosity adhesive layer formed from a resin having a viscosity at a shear rate of 1 s -1 at a heat shrink temperature of 200 Pa ⁇ s or more In the case of a heat-shrinkable tube, the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided on both sides of the low-viscosity adhesive layer. In the case of a heat-shrinkable cap, the high-viscosity adhesive layer is provided at least on the heat-shrinkable cap opening side. This is a waterproofing method for the bundle of wires.
- the wire exposed portion of the wire bundle is waterproofed only by covering the wire exposed portion with the heat shrinkable tube or heat shrinkable cap and heating the tube or cap to heat shrink. Not only is the water shut off between strands achieved. Furthermore, the outflow of resin at the time of heat shrinkage is also suppressed. Therefore, the productivity of waterproofing work for electric wire bundles such as wire harnesses can be enhanced as compared with the prior art, and it can be preferably applied as a waterproofing method for joints and the like of automobile wire harnesses.
- the heat-shrinkable tube or heat-shrink cap used in the waterproofing method of the third aspect is the heat-shrinkable tube or heat-shrinkable cap of the second aspect.
- a heat shrinkable tube or a heat shrinkable cap is put on the wire exposed portion of the wire bundle.
- a wire bundle means a bundle of a plurality of wires formed by insulating and covering a bundle of a plurality of strands, and this aspect is suitably applied to a wire harness of an automobile or a motorcycle, particularly a wire harness for an automobile. Can be mentioned. Therefore, as a more preferable aspect of the third aspect, there is provided a waterproofing method in which the wire bundle is an automobile wire harness.
- the electric wire exposed part of the electric wire bundle is a connection part (joint part) at the end or middle part of the electric wire bundle such as a wire harness, and is a part where the wire is exposed (waterproof part).
- the waterproofing method of the third aspect first, after the heat-shrinkable tube or the heat-shrinkable cap is put on the exposed wire portion, the wire is heated to the heat-shrinkable temperature.
- the heat-shrinkable tube or heat-shrink cap heat-shrinks when heated, and the adhesive that forms the low-viscosity adhesive layer (low-viscosity adhesive: inner layer adhesive) flows, so that the bundle of insulated wires at the exposed wire part is exposed to the outside.
- the adhesive is solidified by cooling after heat shrinkage, whereby waterproofing of the exposed wire portion is achieved. Furthermore, since the low viscosity adhesive has a low viscosity of 10 Pa ⁇ s or less at the heat shrink temperature, it penetrates between the strands. The low-viscosity adhesive that has penetrated between the strands increases the viscosity by cooling after heat shrinkage, achieves water-resistance between strands, and prevents water from entering the inside of the wire as well as waterproofing from the outside be able to. In particular, when the low-viscosity adhesive is made of a thermoplastic resin having a large viscosity change due to temperature, it can be solidified by cooling after heat shrinkage to achieve a sufficient water-stop property between wires.
- Heat Shrink Cap Heat Shrink Cap A 10/4 ⁇ 70 L (Material: Polyethylene, inner diameter before shrinkage 10 mm, thickness before shrinkage 0.65 mm, inner diameter after shrinkage 4 mm, thickness after shrinkage 1.5 mm, length 70 mm) 2.
- Wire harness AVSS0.5 (conductor: annealed copper stranded wires, insulators: vinyl chloride, the number eight wire, wire diameter 0.32 mm, the conductor cross-sectional area 0.56 mm 2, manufactured by Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd.) by ultrasonic welding 7 joints
- High viscosity adhesive layer Polyethylene resin: Sumikasen L705 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used. The viscosity of this polyethylene resin at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at 150 ° C. was 3530 Pa ⁇ s.
- Experiment 2 In the same manner as in Experiment 1, only a low-viscosity adhesive layer was formed, and a heat-shrinkable cap was obtained without forming a high-viscosity adhesive layer. In the same manner as in Experiment 1, after inserting the exposed wire portion at one end of the wire harness into the heat shrinkable cap, the heat shrinkable cap was thermally shrunk. Resin protrusion was observed.
- Experiment 3 A heat shrinkable cap was prepared in the same manner as in Experiment 2 except that a polyamide resin having a viscosity of 47.5 Pa ⁇ s at a shear rate of 1 s ⁇ 1 at 150 ° C. was used instead of the polyamide resin, After inserting the electric wire exposure part in the one end part of a wire harness, it heated and heat-shrinked the heat-shrink cap. Thereafter, an air leak test was conducted, but an air leak occurred.
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Abstract
Description
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層、及び、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が200Pa・s以上の樹脂より形成される高粘度接着剤層を含み、
前記高粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮チューブの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の両側に、熱収縮キャップの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の少なくとも熱収縮キャップ開口部側に設けられている熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップである。
前記熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップが、内面に接着剤層を有し、
前記接着剤層が、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、
連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層、及び、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が200Pa・s以上の樹脂より形成される高粘度接着剤層を含み、
前記高粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮チューブの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の両側に、熱収縮キャップの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の、少なくとも熱収縮キャップ開口部側に設けられている電線束の防水方法である。
本発明者は、従来の熱収縮チューブ又はキャップを用いる電線束の防水方法における前記の問題を解決するため鋭意検討した結果、内層接着剤層を、熱収縮時の温度(熱収縮温度)では粘度が低く素線間にも容易に浸透するとともに、熱収縮温度より低い温度では粘度が大きく増大する樹脂により構成することにより、防水部に被せて加熱収縮をするだけで電線露出部の防水とともに素線間止水もでき、かつ熱収縮時における樹脂の流出(はみだし)も抑制されている熱収縮チューブ又はキャップが得られることを見出し、第1の態様の発明を完成した。
本発明の第2の態様は、内面に接着剤層を有する熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップであって、前記接着剤層が、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層、及び、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が200Pa・s以上の樹脂より形成される高粘度接着剤層を含み、
前記高粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮チューブの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の両側に、熱収縮キャップの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の少なくとも熱収縮キャップ開口部側に設けられている熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップである。
高粘度接着剤層は、熱収縮時(熱収縮温度に達したとき)にも200Pa・s以上(剪断速度1s-1)の粘度を有するので、樹脂層の形状が熱収縮時にも保持される。より好ましくは、熱収縮時にも剪断速度1s-1の時の400Pa・s以上の粘度を有するものである。例えば、熱収縮温度として150℃が採用される場合には、150℃における粘度(剪断速度1s-1)が200Pa・s以上であり、好ましくは、150℃における粘度(剪断速度1s-1)が400Pa・s以上である。
第1の態様及び第2の態様における熱収縮チューブとは、加熱により径方向に収縮する性質を有するチューブであり、通常その両端が開口しており、ワイヤーハーネスの末端等にある電線露出部の防水等に用いられるものを言う。熱収縮キャップとは、熱収縮チューブであってその一端が熱収縮等によりすでに閉じられているものを言い、ワイヤーハーネスの末端にある電線露出部の防水等に用いられる。
本発明の第3の態様は、熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップを、複数の素線の束を絶縁被覆してなる電線を複数束ねてなる電線束の電線露出部に被せた後、前記熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップを熱収縮させる工程を有する電線束の防水方法であって
前記熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップが、内面に接着剤層を有し、
前記接着剤層が、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層、及び、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が200Pa・s以上の樹脂より形成される高粘度接着剤層を含み、
前記高粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮チューブの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の両側に、熱収縮キャップの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の、少なくとも熱収縮キャップ開口部側に設けられている電線束の防水方法である。
[実験に使用した素材]
1.熱収縮キャップ: 熱収縮キャップA 10/4×70L(材質:ポリエチレン、収縮前内径10mm、収縮前肉厚0.65mm、収縮後内径4mm、収縮後肉厚1.5mm、長さ70mm)
2.ワイヤーハーネス: AVSS0.5(導体:軟銅より線、絶縁体:塩化ビニル、素線数8本、素線径0.32mm、導体断面積0.56mm2、住友電装社製)を超音波溶接により7本をジョイントしたもの
(ポリアミド樹脂)
以下の条件にて測定した熱機械的分析(TMA)での軟化点が65℃であるポリアミド樹脂を用いた。
・装置:TMA-50(SHIMAZU社製)
・雰囲気:窒素、
・温度:25℃から150℃へ5℃/minで昇温
・0.5mmφの治具で押込み、荷重:10g
このポリアミド樹脂の150℃における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度は9.4Pa・sであり、125℃における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度は338.2Pa・sであった。
ポリエチレン樹脂:スミカセンL705(住友化学社製)を用いた。
このポリエチレン樹脂の、150℃における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度は、3530Pa・sであった。
前記熱収縮キャップの内面に、前記ポリアミド樹脂を用いて製造した、内径8mm、厚さ0.4mm、長さ20mmのチューブを挿入し低粘度接着剤層を形成した。その後、低粘度接着剤層(ポリアミド樹脂の層)の開口部側に前記のポリエチレン樹脂を用いて製造した、内径8mm、厚さ0.4mm、長さ10mmのチューブを挿入し高粘度接着剤層を形成した。
このようにして得られた熱収縮キャップに、前記ワイヤーハーネスの一端部にある電線露出部を差し込んだ後、150℃×5分間加熱して熱収縮キャップを熱収縮させた。冷却後、当該端部を水中に浸漬し、ワイヤーハーネスを構成する7本の電線のそれぞれの他方の端部から0.2MPaの圧縮空気を入れ、エアリーク試験(空気漏れの有無:素線間止水試験)を行ったが、空気漏れはなかった。又、熱収縮による、熱収縮キャップ外への樹脂のはみ出しは観察されなかった。
実験1と同様にして、低粘度接着剤層のみを形成し、高粘度接着剤層を形成せずに熱収縮キャップを得た。この熱収縮キャップに、実験1と同様にして、前記ワイヤーハーネスの一端部にある電線露出部を差し込んだ後加熱して熱収縮キャップを熱収縮したが、熱収縮による、熱収縮キャップ外への樹脂のはみ出しが観察された。
前記のポリアミド樹脂の代わりに、150℃における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が47.5Pa・sであるポリアミド樹脂を用いた以外は、実験2と同様にして熱収縮キャップを作製し、前記ワイヤーハーネスの一端部にある電線露出部を差し込んだ後加熱して熱収縮キャップを熱収縮した。その後、エアリーク試験を行ったが空気漏れが生じた。
2 低粘度接着剤層
3 高粘度接着剤層
4 (低粘度接着剤層と高粘度接着剤層間の)隙間
5 電線露出部
6 ワイヤーハーネス
Claims (6)
- 内面に接着剤層を有する熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップであって、前記接着剤層が、熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層を含む、熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップ。
- 前記低粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮温度より低い温度では固化するポリアミド樹脂又はエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂を主体として形成されている請求項1に記載の熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップ。
- 内面に接着剤層を有する熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップであって、前記接着剤層が、熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層、及び、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が200Pa・s以上の樹脂より形成される高粘度接着剤層を含み、
前記高粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮チューブの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の両側に、熱収縮キャップの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の少なくとも熱収縮キャップ開口部側に設けられている熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップ。 - 前記高粘度接着剤層が、ポリエチレン樹脂又はエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合樹脂を主体とし、熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が400Pa・s以上の樹脂により構成されている請求項3に記載の熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップ。
- 熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップを、複数の素線の束を絶縁被覆してなる電線を複数束ねてなる電線束の電線露出部に被せた後、前記熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップを熱収縮させる工程を有する電線束の防水方法であって
前記熱収縮チューブ又は熱収縮キャップが、内面に接着剤層を有し、
前記接着剤層が、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が10Pa・s以下であるとともに、連続使用温度の最高温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が100Pa・s以上である樹脂より形成される低粘度接着剤層、及び、
熱収縮温度における剪断速度1s-1の時の粘度が200Pa・s以上の樹脂より形成される高粘度接着剤層を含み、
前記高粘度接着剤層が、熱収縮チューブの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の両側に、熱収縮キャップの場合は、前記低粘度接着剤層の、少なくとも熱収縮キャップ開口部側に設けられている電線束の防水方法。 - 前記電線束が、自動車用ワイヤーハーネスである請求項5に記載の電線束の防水方法。
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