WO2016006248A1 - 走行装置 - Google Patents
走行装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016006248A1 WO2016006248A1 PCT/JP2015/003457 JP2015003457W WO2016006248A1 WO 2016006248 A1 WO2016006248 A1 WO 2016006248A1 JP 2015003457 W JP2015003457 W JP 2015003457W WO 2016006248 A1 WO2016006248 A1 WO 2016006248A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- linear motion
- motion mechanism
- wheel
- vehicle
- link
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/04—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven
- A61G5/041—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs motor-driven having a specific drive-type
- A61G5/042—Front wheel drive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
- A61G5/061—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps for climbing stairs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
- A61G5/1056—Arrangements for adjusting the seat
- A61G5/1059—Arrangements for adjusting the seat adjusting the height of the seat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
- A61G5/06—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps
- A61G5/068—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs with obstacle mounting facilities, e.g. for climbing stairs, kerbs or steps with extensible supports pushing upwards, e.g. telescopic legs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a traveling device.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a wheelchair capable of moving up and down stairs.
- the wheelchair disclosed in Patent Document 1 has six wheels.
- the left and right front wheels are drive wheels.
- Two wheels are arranged on one side behind the left and right front wheels.
- the six-wheel grounding makes it possible to move up and down the stairs.
- four-wheel grounding is used when traveling on a flat surface.
- the wheels are connected to the chair portion via a serial link arm mechanism.
- the left and right series link arm mechanisms can be controlled to move up and down even on stairs with different left and right heights.
- Patent Document 1 a series link arm mechanism is provided on each of four wheels. Each serial link arm mechanism has two degrees of freedom. Therefore, eight actuators are required to change the arm angle of the serial link arm mechanism. When the number of actuators increases, the apparatus configuration becomes large, complicated, and heavy.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a traveling device that can be applied to various environments with a simple configuration.
- a travel device includes a first wheel that is a drive wheel, a vehicle body, a first linear motion mechanism that is extendable and connects the first wheel and the vehicle body, A second wheel disposed on the rear side of the first wheel; a second linear motion mechanism that is extendable and connects the vehicle body and the second wheel; and A third wheel provided on the rear side, a first link that connects the second wheel and the third wheel, and a second link that connects the first link and the vehicle body; And an actuator for changing an angle between the vehicle body and the second link.
- the first wheel, the second wheel, the third wheel, the first linear motion mechanism, and the second linear motion mechanism are arranged on the left and right of the vehicle, respectively, and are independent. May be driven.
- the actuator may be common to the left and right links.
- the second wheel and the third wheel may be driven wheels.
- the actuator may be configured by a third linear motion mechanism provided to be extendable and contractable between the vehicle body and the second link.
- the actuator may be configured by a rotation mechanism that rotationally drives the second link with respect to the vehicle body.
- the actuator may be configured by a third linear motion mechanism that is extendable and contractable between the first linear motion mechanism and the second link.
- the vehicle body may be provided with a boarding seat on which a passenger boardes.
- FIG. 6 is a model diagram illustrating a configuration of a vehicle variable mechanism according to a second embodiment; It is a figure which shows typically a structure in case a 3rd linear motion mechanism has a protruding part.
- FIG. 6 is a model diagram showing a configuration of a variable mechanism in each mode of a vehicle according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 A vehicle which is an example of a traveling device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- FIG. 1 is a side view showing the configuration of the vehicle 1
- FIG. 2 is a top view. 1 and 2 will be described using an XYZ orthogonal coordinate system.
- the + X direction is in front of the vehicle 1, and the ⁇ X direction is behind the vehicle 1.
- the + Y direction is the left direction of the vehicle 1, and the ⁇ Y direction is the right direction of the vehicle 1.
- the + Z direction is vertically upward and the -Y direction is vertically downward.
- the vehicle 1 includes a passenger seat 3, a footrest 4, a backrest 5, an armrest 6, a control box 7, a front wheel 11, a middle wheel 12, a rear wheel 13, and a variable mechanism 20. And.
- the vehicle 1 has a left-right symmetric configuration, and the footrest 4, the armrest 6, the front wheel 11, the middle wheel 12, and the rear wheel 13 are provided on the left and right sides, respectively. Therefore, in FIG. 2, the footrest 4, armrest 6, front wheel 11, middle wheel 12, and rear wheel 13 arranged on the left side (+ Y side) of the vehicle 1 are respectively the footrest 4L, armrest 6L, front wheel 11L, middle wheel 12L, rear This is shown as a ring 13L. Similarly, in FIG.
- the footrest 4 and armrest 6 arranged on the right side ( ⁇ Y side) of the vehicle 1 and the front wheel 11, the middle wheel 12, and the rear wheel 13 are respectively connected to the footrest 4R, armrest 6R, front wheel 11R, and middle wheel. 12R and rear wheel 13R are shown.
- the variable mechanism 20 also has a symmetrical structure.
- the middle wheel 12 is arranged between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 in the X direction. That is, the front wheel 11 is disposed on the front side (+ X side) of the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13, and the rear wheel 13 is disposed on the rear side ( ⁇ X side) of the middle wheel 12 and the front wheel 11.
- the front wheel 11 is a driving wheel, and is rotated by driving of a motor or the like.
- the front wheel 11L and the front wheel 11R are connected to different motors and rotate independently.
- the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are driven wheels and rotate according to the movement of the vehicle 1. That is, when the front wheel 11 is driven and the vehicle 1 moves, the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 rotate following the movement of the vehicle 1.
- the front wheel 11L and the front wheel 11R rotate in the same rotational direction at the same rotational speed.
- the front wheel 11L and the front wheel 11R rotate in the same rotational direction at different rotational speeds.
- the front wheel 11L and the front wheel 11R are rotated in the opposite directions at the same rotational speed.
- the vehicle 1 moves in a desired direction at a desired speed by driving the left front wheel 11L and the right front wheel 11R with different motors.
- the boarding seat 3 is a boarding part on which the passenger 2 boardes. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle 1 moves with the passenger 2 sitting in the boarding seat 3.
- the passenger seat 3 is provided with a backrest 5, an armrest 6, and a footrest 4.
- the footrest 4 is disposed below the front side of the passenger seat 3. In a state where the passenger 2 sits on the seat surface 3a of the passenger seat 3, the right foot of the passenger 2 rests on the footrest 4R and the left foot rests on the footrest 4L.
- the armrest 6 is arranged on both the left and right sides of the boarding seat 3.
- the right arm of the passenger 2 is placed on the armrest 6R and the left arm is placed on the armrest 6L.
- the backrest 5 is provided at the rear end of the boarding seat 3.
- the passenger 2 can lean against the backrest 5. That is, the back of the passenger 2 is supported by the backrest.
- the variable mechanism 20 is provided in the lower part of the boarding seat 3.
- the variable mechanism 20 is a leg mechanism that supports the boarding seat 3.
- a front wheel 11, a middle wheel 12 and a rear wheel 13 are rotatably attached to the variable mechanism 20.
- the variable mechanism 20 includes an arm mechanism that can expand and contract, and changes the posture of the passenger seat 3 with respect to the ground. As the arm mechanism provided between the wheel and the passenger seat 3 expands and contracts, the height and inclination of the seat surface of the passenger seat 3 change. A detailed configuration of the variable mechanism 20 will be described later.
- control box 7 is provided immediately below the boarding seat 3.
- the control box 7 is provided with a control computer, a battery, and the like serving as a controller.
- the seat height from the ground is 600 mm.
- the variable mechanism 20 changes the height of the passenger seat 3.
- FIG. 3 shows a standing riding mode in which the seat surface height of the passenger seat 3 is 700 mm.
- the distance between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 is narrower and the middle wheel 12 is higher than in the traveling mode shown in FIG.
- the passenger 2 can easily access the high place.
- the traveling mode and the standing riding mode the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 are in contact with each other, and the middle wheel 12 is in a grounding mode. Furthermore, the passenger 2 can easily get on and off by raising the seat height.
- FIG. 4 shows a chair mode in which the seat surface height of the passenger seat 3 is 500 mm.
- the middle wheel 12 is lowered and grounded. That is, it is a 6-wheel contact mode in which all of the front wheel 11, the middle wheel 12, and the rear wheel 13 are grounded.
- the distance between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 is wider than in the traveling mode shown in FIG. 1.
- the boarding seat 3 becomes as high as a normal chair. Therefore, it is possible to enter under the table 8 while the passenger 2 is on the board.
- the vehicle 1 can be used as a chair.
- the variable mechanism 20 can change the vehicle height according to the environment, the convenience can be improved. By changing the vehicle height, it can be used in various environments.
- the vehicle 1 can get on and off the escalator or get on and off the step while the passenger is on the boarding seat 3. Therefore, it can be applied to various environments.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the variable mechanism 20.
- FIG. 6 is a model diagram schematically showing the variable mechanism 20. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the configuration of the passenger seat 3 and the like is removed and illustrated.
- the variable mechanism 20 includes an upper frame 21, a first linear motion mechanism 22, a second linear motion mechanism 23, a rear link 24, a lower link 25, and a third linear motion mechanism 26. .
- the variable mechanism 20 has a symmetrical configuration. Similarly to the above, L or R is added to the reference numerals for a symmetric configuration.
- the variable mechanism 20 includes two first linear motion mechanisms 22L and 22R.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22L and the first linear motion mechanism 22R are arranged symmetrically.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23, the rear link 24, and the lower link 25 are also arranged symmetrically.
- L or R is given to each of the symmetrical components.
- the lower link 25R, the middle wheel 12R, and the rear wheel 13R are hidden by other components due to the angle of the perspective view, but the lower link 25L, the middle wheel 12L, and the rear wheel 13L They are arranged symmetrically.
- the upper frame 21 is disposed on the upper part of the variable mechanism 20.
- the upper frame 21 constitutes the vehicle body of the vehicle 1. Therefore, the above-described boarding seat 3, the control box 7, and the like are attached to the upper frame 21.
- a boarding section is configured by mounting the boarding seat 3 on the upper frame 21. Therefore, the posture of the upper frame 21 corresponds to the posture of the passenger seat 3.
- the height of the upper frame 21 changes, the height of the passenger seat 3 changes, and when the angle of the upper frame 21 changes, the angle of the passenger seat 3 changes.
- the passenger seat 3 also tilts forward.
- the upper frame 21 has a rectangular frame shape.
- a first linear motion mechanism 22 is attached to both front ends of the upper frame 21.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 extends obliquely forward and downward from the upper frame 21.
- the front wheel 11 is attached to the lower end of the first linear motion mechanism 22. That is, the front wheel 11L is rotatably attached to the first linear motion mechanism 22L, and the front wheel 11R is rotatably attached to the first linear motion mechanism 22R.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 connects the upper frame 21 and the front wheel 11.
- the attachment angle ⁇ between the upper frame 21 and the first linear motion mechanism 22 is fixed.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is, for example, an extendable arm mechanism. That is, the length of the first linear motion mechanism 22 is variable. As shown in FIG. 6, in the XZ plane, the connection position between the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the upper frame 21 is a position B, and the connection position between the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the front wheel 11 is a position C. . The axis passing through the position C and parallel to the Y axis is the axle of the front wheel 11. The front wheel 11 rotates around the axle.
- a rear link 24 is attached to both rear ends of the upper frame 21.
- the rear link 24 extends downward from the upper frame 21.
- the connection position between the upper frame 21 and the rear link 24 is a position O in the XZ plane.
- the angle ⁇ between the upper frame 21 and the rear link 24 is variable. That is, the upper frame 21 and the rear link 24 are attached via a passive joint. Therefore, the upper end of the rear link 24 is rotatably connected to the upper frame 21.
- the rear link 24 rotates around a rotation axis that passes through the position O and is parallel to the Y axis with respect to the upper frame 21.
- the lower end of the rear link 24 is connected to the lower link 25.
- the rear link 24 connects the upper frame 21 and the lower link 25.
- a connection position between the lower link 25 and the rear link 24 is a position D.
- the angle formed by the lower link 25 and the rear link 24 is variable. That is, at the position D, the lower link 25 and the rear link 24 are attached via a passive joint.
- the lower link 25 rotates around the rotation axis that passes through the position D and is parallel to the Y axis with respect to the rear link 24.
- the middle ring 12 is attached to the front end of the lower link 25.
- a rear wheel 13 is attached to the rear end of the lower link 25.
- a middle wheel 12R is attached to the front end of the lower link 25R, and a rear wheel 13R is rotatably attached to the rear end.
- the middle wheel 12L is rotatably attached to the front end of the lower link 25L, and the rear wheel 13L is rotatably attached to the rear end.
- connection position between the lower link 25 and the middle wheel 12 is position E.
- a connection position between the lower link 25 and the rear wheel 13 is a position F.
- An axis passing through the position E and parallel to the Y axis becomes the axle of the middle wheel 12
- an axis passing through the position F and parallel to the Y axis becomes the axle of the rear wheel 13.
- the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 rotate around the axle.
- the length of the lower link 25 is fixed. Therefore, the distance between the axle of the middle wheel 12 and the axle of the rear wheel 13 is constant. That is, the distance between EFs is constant.
- a second linear motion mechanism 23 is attached to the upper frame 21. At a position A between the position B and the position O, the upper end of the second linear motion mechanism 23 is connected to the upper frame 21. The second linear motion mechanism 23 extends downward from the upper frame 21.
- the middle wheel 12 and the lower link 25 are attached to the lower end of the second linear motion mechanism 23. That is, the middle wheel 12R is rotatably attached to the second linear motion mechanism 23R, and the middle wheel 12L is attached to the second linear motion mechanism 23L. At the position E, the second linear motion mechanism 23 is connected to the middle wheel 12 and the lower link 25. Thus, the second linear motion mechanism 23 connects the upper frame 21 and the middle wheel 12.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 is an extendable arm mechanism.
- the length of the second linear motion mechanism 23 is variable. Accordingly, the distance from the upper frame 21 to the middle wheel 12 changes.
- the angle of the lower link 25 can be changed by extending and contracting the second linear motion mechanism 23. Note that the angle between the upper frame 21 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 is variable. That is, at the position A, the upper frame 21 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 are attached via a passive joint.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 rotates around the rotation axis that passes through the position A and is parallel to the Y axis with respect to the upper frame 21.
- the angle between the lower link 25 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 is variable. That is, the lower link 25 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 are attached via a passive joint. Therefore, the lower end of the second linear motion mechanism 23 is rotatably connected to the front end of the lower link 25.
- the lower link 25 rotates around the rotation axis that passes through the position E and is parallel to the Y axis with respect to the second linear motion mechanism 23.
- a third linear motion mechanism 26 is provided between the upper frame 21 and the rear link 24. That is, the third linear motion mechanism 26 connects the upper frame 21 and the rear link 24. The upper end of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is attached to the upper frame 21 between the position A and the position B. The lower end of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is attached to the rear link 24 between the position O and the position D.
- the angle formed by the third linear motion mechanism 26 and the upper frame 21 is variable. That is, the upper frame 21 and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are attached via a passive joint.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 rotates about a rotation axis parallel to the Y axis with respect to the upper frame 21.
- the angle formed by the third linear motion mechanism 26 and the rear link 24 is variable. That is, the rear link 24 and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are attached via a passive joint.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 is an actuator that changes the angle ⁇ .
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 rotates around the rotation axis parallel to the Y axis with respect to the rear link 24.
- variable mechanism 20 includes the first linear motion mechanisms 22R and 22L, the second linear motion mechanisms 23R and 23L, and the third linear motion mechanism 26. Therefore, the variable mechanism 20 is constituted by a 5-axis linear motion joint. That is, the posture can be changed by five actuators. Therefore, it can be set as a simple structure compared with patent document 1.
- FIG. The first linear motion mechanism 22 is a front leg
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 is a rear leg.
- the front wheels 11R and 11L are biaxial drive wheels.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are link mechanisms provided to be extendable and contractible.
- Each of the linear motion mechanisms 22, 23, and 26 includes a drive unit having a motor, a brake, and an encoder, and a link that expands and contracts by the drive unit.
- a known linear actuator can be used for the linear motion mechanism.
- the linear motion mechanism converts a force in the rotation direction of the servo motor into a force in the expansion / contraction direction using a ball screw. By reducing the lead of the ball screw, a large force can be obtained in the linear direction with a small force. Thus, the posture can be maintained without being pushed by the weight of the passenger 2 and causing the linear motion mechanism to contract.
- the configuration can be simplified.
- the load on the motor can be reduced by using a gas spring in combination with the linear motion mechanism.
- the linear motion mechanism is not limited to a motor type actuator, and may be a hydraulic or pneumatic type linear actuator.
- the length of the first linear motion mechanism 22 is expressed as (c + s f ), and the length of the second linear motion mechanism 23 is expressed as (g + s r ).
- s f indicates the movable distance (stroke) of the first linear motion mechanism 22
- s r indicates the movable distance (stroke) of the second linear motion mechanism 23.
- It indicates the length of the third linear motion mechanism 26 as s m.
- the distance between OA is indicated as a
- the distance between AB is indicated as b.
- the distance between ODs, that is, the length of the rear link 24 is denoted.
- the distance between EDs is shown as e, and the distance between DFs as f.
- the length of the lower link 25 is (e + f).
- a to g are fixed values, and s m , s r and s f are variable values.
- the radius of the front wheel 11 is r f
- the radius of the rear wheel 13 is r r .
- the radius of the middle wheel 12 is the same as the radius r r of the rear wheel.
- variable mechanism 20 is not limited to the following values.
- s f 0 to 390 mm
- d 400 mm
- e 160 mm
- f 390 mm
- g 280 mm
- s r 0 to 190 mm
- s m 260 to 570 mm
- ⁇ 60 to 110 °
- ⁇ 120 ° (fixed) )
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 expands and contracts
- the distance between the front wheel 11 and the upper frame 21 changes. Therefore, the height of the front side of the passenger seat 3 can be changed.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 expands and contracts
- the distance between the middle wheel 12 and the upper frame 21 changes.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22R and the first linear motion mechanism 22L are driven independently.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23R and the second linear motion mechanism 23L are driven independently.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 expands and contracts
- the angle ⁇ changes.
- the ground contact state of the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 can be changed by the second linear motion mechanism 23 and the third linear motion mechanism 26.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 and the third linear motion mechanism 26 expand and contract
- the angles of the lower link 25 and the rear link 24 change. Furthermore, the height from the ground to the position A changes.
- the actuator can be made smaller than when a rotation mechanism is used. For example, when a rotating mechanism is used, a large force is required to support the weight of the occupant 2, and if the force is weak, the weight is pushed. On the other hand, by using the linear motion mechanism, the weight of the passenger 2 can be supported with a small force. Therefore, a small actuator can be used.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 is a single actuator. That is, the third linear motion mechanism 26 is common to the left and right rear links 24R and 24L. However, the third linear motion mechanism 26 may be an independent left and right actuator. That is, you may attach two actuators symmetrically. In this case, the angle ⁇ can be different from the left and right. Of course, two linear motion mechanisms that expand and contract by the same length may be attached to the left and right rear links 24. In this case, the number of actuators increases, but the posture can be controlled more appropriately.
- the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are omni wheels.
- the caster may not turn well with a change in the ground angle of the lower link 25 because it is a rotary plane type. That is, if the rotation axis of the free caster is not perpendicular to the ground, the wheel will be difficult to turn. Therefore, it is preferable that the rotation axis of the caster is always perpendicular to the ground. Therefore, in this embodiment, the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are omni wheels.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 is provided as an actuator for changing the angle ⁇ .
- a rotation mechanism may be used. That is, a rotary joint can be used instead of the linear motion joint.
- a configuration example of the variable mechanism 20 using the rotating mechanism is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, a rotation mechanism 28 for changing the angle ⁇ is provided instead of the third linear movement mechanism 26.
- an actuator is configured by a rotation mechanism 28 that rotationally drives the rear link 24 with respect to the upper frame 21.
- the rotation mechanism 28 is provided at the position O and changes the angle of the rear link 24 with respect to the upper frame 21.
- the rotation axis of the rotation mechanism 28 is parallel to the Y axis. Even when a rotary joint is used as an actuator for changing the angle ⁇ , the left and right independent actuators can be used to make the angle ⁇ different from the left and right.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control system 70.
- the control system 70 includes a control unit 71, a sensor unit 73, and an input unit 74. Further, the control system 70 controls the servo amplifiers 82, 83, 86, and the drive units 92, 93 to drive and control the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26. 96. Further, the control system 70 includes a controller 51 and a motor 52 in order to drive and control the front wheels 11. In addition, about the structure on either side of each component, L and R are attached
- the input unit 74 is a keyboard, a joypad, or the like, and receives input related to the moving direction and posture of the vehicle 1. For example, the occupant 2 operates the input unit 74 and performs input regarding the moving direction, moving speed, or posture.
- the sensor unit 73 is composed of one or a plurality of sensors.
- the sensor unit 73 includes an angle sensor that measures the posture of the passenger seat 3.
- the sensor unit 73 includes a six-axis gyro sensor, and detects accelerations in the X, Y, and Z axes and angular velocities around the X, Y, and Z axes.
- the gyro sensor is installed in parallel with the seating surface of the passenger seat 3. Therefore, the gyro sensor detects the inclination angle of the seat surface.
- the sensor unit 73 includes various sensors such as a range sensor and a camera that detect the height of the road surface step without contact.
- the control unit 71 is an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and a PC (Personal Computer) including a memory, and controls the entire vehicle 1.
- the control unit 71 outputs control signals to the controllers 51R and 51L and the servo amplifiers 82, 83, and 86 in order to control the front wheels 11.
- control unit 71 may be executed by a computer program.
- the control unit 71 is configured by hardware such as a processor and software stored in a memory or the like.
- the program executed by the control unit 71 can be stored using various types of non-transitory computer readable media and supplied to the computer.
- Non-transitory computer readable media include various types of tangible storage media.
- non-transitory computer-readable media examples include magnetic recording media (for example, flexible disks, magnetic tapes, hard disk drives), magneto-optical recording media (for example, magneto-optical disks), CD-ROMs (Read Only Memory), CD-Rs, CD-R / W, semiconductor memory (for example, mask ROM, PROM (Programmable ROM), EPROM (Erasable PROM), flash ROM, RAM (Random Access Memory)).
- the program may be supplied to a computer by various types of temporary computer readable media. Examples of transitory computer readable media include electrical signals, optical signals, and electromagnetic waves.
- the temporary computer-readable medium can supply the program to the computer via a wired communication path such as an electric wire and an optical fiber, or a wireless communication path.
- Controller 51R and controller 51L are motor controllers that control motor 52R and motor 52L, respectively.
- the motor 52R and the motor 52L have the same configuration, and drive the front wheel 11R and the front wheel 11L, respectively.
- the front wheel 11 rotates so that the vehicle 1 moves in the moving direction and the moving speed input by the input unit 74.
- the control unit 71 generates a control signal in accordance with the input signal input by the input unit 74.
- the control unit 71 outputs a control signal to the controller 51.
- the controller 51 outputs a command value corresponding to the control signal to the motor 52.
- the front wheel 11 connected to the motor 52 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed.
- the motors 52R and 52L rotate and drive the front wheels 11R and 11R independently.
- the driving units 92, 93, and 96 each include a servo motor, an encoder, and a brake.
- the drive units 92, 93, and 96 have the same configuration, and drive the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26, respectively.
- the servo amplifier 82 is an amplifier for driving and controlling the servo motors of the driving units 92, 93, and 96, respectively.
- the control unit 71 drives and controls the driving unit 92 via the servo amplifier 82.
- the control unit 71 outputs a control signal for setting the first linear motion mechanism 22 to a predetermined linear motion axis position to the servo amplifier 82.
- the servo amplifier 82 drives the drive unit 92 based on the control signal.
- the encoder of the drive unit 92 detects the rotation angle of the servo motor. Then, the encoder outputs the detected rotation angle to the servo amplifier 82 as a feedback signal.
- the servo amplifier 82 performs feedback control based on the feedback signal so that the servo motor has a rotation angle corresponding to the control signal. Thereby, the first linear motion mechanism 22 is driven to a predetermined linear motion shaft position.
- control unit 71 controls driving of the driving units 93 and 96 via the servo amplifiers 83 and 86. Thereby, the 1st linear motion mechanism 22, the 2nd linear motion mechanism 23, and the 3rd linear motion mechanism 26 become predetermined length. As described above, the control unit 71 controls the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26. Thereby, the variable mechanism 20 can make the vehicle 1 a desired posture.
- FIG. 9 is a model diagram showing the variable mechanism 20.
- A shows the state shown in FIG. 4, that is, the chair mode in which the vehicle height is low.
- B shows the state shown in FIG. 1, the driving mode at the normal vehicle height.
- C shows the state shown in FIG. 3, that is, the standing riding mode in which the vehicle height is high. In FIG. 9, the ground is horizontal.
- the front wheel 11, the middle wheel 12, and the rear wheel 13 are grounded. That is, the lower link 25 is parallel to the ground, and the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are in contact with the ground.
- s f 33 mm
- s r 147 mm
- s m 388 mm
- ⁇ 70 °.
- the travel mode is set.
- s f 139 mm
- s r 107 mm
- s m 388 mm
- ⁇ 70 °.
- the standing riding mode is set.
- s f 245 mm
- s r 62 mm
- s m 388 mm
- ⁇ 70 °. Since the second linear motion mechanism 23 is shortened, the inclination angle of the lower link 25 with respect to the ground becomes larger.
- the middle wheel 12 is separated from the ground, and the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 are grounded.
- the vehicle height increases by extending the first linear motion mechanism 22 and shortening the second linear motion mechanism 23.
- the length of the third linear motion mechanism 26 does not change. That is, the length of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is the same value in the chair mode, the traveling mode, and the standing riding mode. Therefore, in any mode, the angle ⁇ is fixed at 70 °.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 are driven in conjunction with each other in order to change the vehicle height while keeping the seat surface horizontal. That is, only the vehicle height is changed without changing the angle ⁇ by driving the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 without driving the third linear motion mechanism 26. Can do.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a state of riding on an ascending escalator
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state of riding on a descending escalator.
- the inclination angle of the escalator is 30 degrees.
- the front wheel 11 ascends and rides on the escalator 101.
- the rotation of the front wheel 11 is stopped and the brake is applied.
- the vehicle 1 moves obliquely upward as the ascending escalator 101 rises.
- the variable mechanism 20 changes the posture of the vehicle 1 according to the inclination of the ascending escalator 101.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are driven so that the upper frame 21 is kept horizontal.
- the variable mechanism 20 changes its posture.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 becomes shorter, the second linear motion mechanism 23 becomes shorter, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 becomes longer from the traveling mode.
- the middle wheel 12 is positioned higher than the rear wheel 13.
- the difference in height between the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 is increased, so that the upper frame 21 can be made substantially horizontal even when the front wheel 11 is two steps higher. . That is, even if the inclination angle is such that the front wheel 11 is two steps higher than the step on which the rear wheel 13 is on, the upper frame 21 is substantially horizontal. Since the seating surface is substantially horizontal, the passenger 2 can ascend and ride on the escalator 101 in an easy-to-board posture.
- the length s m of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is 430 mm.
- the middle wheel 12 is not in contact with the ascending escalator 101 in a state of riding on the ascending escalator 101, and is in a four-wheel grounding condition.
- the front wheel 11 rises and rides on the escalator 101
- the rear wheel 13 rises and rides on the escalator 101.
- the height difference between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 gradually increases as the rise escalator 101 rises until the rear wheel 13 rises and rides on the escalator 101. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the ascending escalator 101 rides, in order to reduce the change in the inclination angle of the upper frame 21, the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 22 are controlled according to the ascending speed of the ascending escalator 101.
- variable mechanism 20 changes its posture so as to cancel the change in the inclination angle of the upper frame 21 due to the rising of the ascending escalator 101.
- first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are driven according to the pitch angle detected by the gyro sensor. By doing so, even when the height difference between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 changes, the change in the inclination angle of the passenger seat 3 can be reduced, and the riding comfort can be improved.
- the vehicle 1 ascends and moves to the exit of the escalator 101.
- the height difference between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 gradually decreases as the rising escalator 101 rises.
- the travel mode is returned to that shown in FIG.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 becomes longer
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 becomes longer
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 becomes shorter. This returns to the driving mode of FIG.
- the front wheel 11 rotates and moves forward. Thereby, it is possible to descend from the rising escalator 101.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 according to the rising speed of the ascending escalator 101.
- the linear motion speed of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is preferably set. That is, the variable mechanism 20 changes its posture so as to cancel the change in the inclination angle of the upper frame 21 due to the rising of the ascending escalator 101.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are driven according to the pitch angle detected by the gyro sensor. By doing so, even when the height difference between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 changes, the change in the inclination angle of the passenger seat 3 can be reduced, and the riding comfort can be improved.
- the variable mechanism 20 changes the posture of the vehicle 1 according to the inclination of the descending escalator 102.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are driven so that the upper frame 21 is kept horizontal.
- the variable mechanism 20 changes its posture.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 becomes longer
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 becomes longer
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 becomes shorter.
- the angle ⁇ is small.
- the middle wheel 12 moves to a position lower than the rear wheel 13. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11, even when the front wheel 11 is two steps below the step on which the rear wheel 13 is on, the upper frame 21 can be made substantially horizontal. That is, even if the inclination angle is such that the front wheel 11 is two steps below the step on which the rear wheel 13 is on, the upper frame 21 is substantially horizontal. Therefore, the passenger 2 can get off and ride on the escalator 102 in an easy-to-board posture.
- the length s m of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is 260 mm. In the state of getting on the descending escalator, the middle wheel 12 is not in contact with the descending escalator 102.
- the vehicle 1 descends and moves to the exit of the escalator 102 in the state shown in FIG.
- the height difference between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 gradually decreases. From the state shown in FIG. 11, the travel mode shown in state B in FIG. 9 is restored.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is shortened, the second linear motion mechanism 23 is shortened, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 is lengthened. Thereby, it returns to driving mode. That is, the process returns to the state B in FIG.
- the front wheel 11 is rotated and moved forward. Thereby, it is possible to get off the descending escalator 102.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are changed according to the descending speed of the descending escalator 102. It is preferable to set the linear motion speed. That is, the variable mechanism 20 changes its posture so as to cancel the change in the inclination angle of the upper frame 21 due to the descending of the descending escalator.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22, the second linear motion mechanism 23, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are driven according to the pitch angle detected by the gyro sensor. By doing so, even when the height difference between the front wheel 11 and the rear wheel 13 changes, the change in the inclination angle of the passenger seat 3 can be reduced, and the riding comfort can be improved.
- the vehicle 1 can get on and off the ascending escalator 101 and the descending escalator 102. Therefore, the vehicle 1 can cope with various environments.
- the variable mechanism 20 By setting the variable mechanism 20 to the above dimensions, it is possible to get on and off the escalator up to 30 °. Furthermore, by changing the above-described dimensional configuration, it is possible to cope with an escalator having a maximum of 35 ° in accordance with the standard.
- FIG. 12 is a model diagram illustrating the operation of the variable mechanism 20 when the step 103 is overcome.
- FIG. 13 is a model diagram illustrating the operation of the variable mechanism 20 when descending the step 103. 12 and 13 show a case where the horizontal floor surface 105 has a step 103. The upper surface of the step 103 is also horizontal. 12 and 13, the length of each linear motion mechanism is shown.
- the state of the variable mechanism 20 changes in the order of timing A to timing I in FIG.
- the mode is switched to the chair mode.
- the front wheel 11 comes into contact with the side surface of the step 103 while the vehicle 1 travels on the floor surface 105 in the chair mode (timing A).
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is shortened, the second linear motion mechanism 23 is lengthened, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 is lengthened.
- timing B the front wheel 11 is lifted and separated from the floor surface 105. That is, the upper frame 21 is tilted rearward by 11 °, and the front wheel 11 is lifted while being in contact with the side surface of the step 103.
- the timing for lifting the front wheel 11 may be before the front wheel 11 contacts the step 103.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 is further lengthened and the third linear motion mechanism 26 is lengthened.
- the front wheel 11 is lifted up to the height of the step 103 as shown in the timing C. That is, the front wheel 11 rises to the vicinity of the upper surface of the step 103.
- the upper frame 21 is tilted backward by 19 °.
- the state shown at timing D is obtained.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are longer from the state of timing C. Accordingly, the front wheel 11 rides on the step 103. That is, the front wheel 11 moves on the step 103.
- the upper frame 21 is tilted backward by 20 °.
- the timing E When the forward tilt angle of the upper frame 21 is decreased from the state of the timing D, the timing E is indicated. In the state shown at timing E, from the state shown at timing D, the second linear motion mechanism 23 becomes shorter and the third linear motion mechanism 26 becomes longer. In the state indicated by the timing E, the upper frame 21 is tilted backward by 18 °. In the state shown at the timing E, the front wheel 11 is in contact with the step 103, so that the forward movement is possible by the rotation of the front wheel 11.
- timing A to timing E the posture changes while the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are in contact with the ground. While the front wheel 11 is taking off, the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are grounded. Thereby, the vehicle 1 can be stabilized. From timing A to timing E, the variable mechanism 20 operates so that the posture changes while the lower link 25 remains horizontal.
- the state shown in the timing F is obtained.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 are driven so as to lift the middle wheel 12 at the same time as moving forward. Specifically, the first linear motion mechanism 22 becomes longer and the second linear motion mechanism 23 becomes shorter.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 is shortened, the middle wheel 12 is lifted away from the floor surface 105.
- the upper frame 21 is horizontal.
- the middle wheel 12 moves onto the step 103. Then, when the middle wheel 12 moves above the step 103, the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 are driven so as to lower the middle wheel 12 and lift the rear wheel 13. Specifically, the first linear motion mechanism 22 becomes longer and the second linear motion mechanism 23 becomes longer. By doing so, the middle wheel 12 descends and contacts the step 103. The front wheel 11 and the middle wheel 12 ride on the step 103.
- the upper frame 21 is horizontal.
- the lower link 25 is inclined and the rear wheel 13 is higher than the middle wheel 12. From timing E to timing G, the length of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is constant at 540 mm.
- timing H is obtained.
- the lower link 25 is horizontal and the rear wheel 13 is grounded.
- the angle ⁇ is close to a right angle, so that the vehicle height is higher than that in the state of timing G.
- timing I is obtained.
- the variable mechanism 20 in the timing I state is the same as the timing A state.
- the state of the variable mechanism 20 changes in the order of timing A to timing H in FIG.
- the vehicle 1 switches to the chair mode.
- the front wheel 11 moves (timing A).
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is lengthened and the front wheel 11 is brought into contact with the floor 105.
- the lower link 25 is horizontal with the upper surface of the step 103, and the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are grounded.
- the front wheel 11 moves away from the step 103 as in timing C.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is lengthened and the third linear motion mechanism 26 is lengthened.
- a 6-wheel grounding state is achieved in which the front wheel 11 contacts the floor surface 105 and the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 contact the step 103.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is shortened
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 is shortened
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 is lengthened.
- the middle wheel 12 floats from the step 103. That is, the lower link 25 is inclined rearward so that the middle wheel 12 is above the rear wheel 13.
- the four-wheel grounding state in which the front wheel 11 contacts the floor surface 105, the middle wheel 12 floats from the step 103, and the rear wheel 13 contacts the step 103 is achieved.
- timing E is obtained.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is shortened and the second linear motion mechanism 23 is lengthened.
- the lower link 25 is tilted forward, and the middle wheel 12 moves below the rear wheel 13.
- the middle wheel 12 descends from the step 103 and comes into contact with the floor surface 105.
- the rear wheel 13 is in contact with the upper surface of the step 103. Therefore, a 6-wheel grounding state is achieved in which the front wheel 11 and the middle wheel 12 are in contact with the floor surface 105 and the rear wheel 13 is in contact with the step 103.
- the state shown in the timing F is obtained.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is shortened, and the second linear motion mechanism 23 is shortened.
- the lower link 25 descends from the step 103 and the rear wheel 13 approaches the floor surface 105 as in timing F.
- the timing G is obtained.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is lengthened, the second linear motion mechanism 23 is shortened, and the third linear motion mechanism 26 is shortened.
- the rear wheel 13 also comes into contact with the floor surface 105 and is in a 6-wheel grounding state. That is, the lower link 25 is parallel to the floor surface 105.
- the vehicle 1 can step down the level while the upper frame 21 is maintained substantially horizontal. Thereby, riding comfort can be improved.
- the vehicle 1 gets off the step 103, it switches from the chair mode to the travel mode and travels.
- the vehicle 1 can get on and off the step 103. Therefore, the vehicle 1 can cope with various environments. Furthermore, even when getting on and off the step, the ride comfort can be improved. Even in a situation where a step and a groove are combined, such as between a train and a platform, the vehicle 1 can get on and off the step. That is, the vehicle 1 can get on and off the step while passing over the groove. This makes it possible to get on and off trains and buses. In the state where only the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 are in contact with each other, there is a risk that the vehicle 1 will flow if the road surface is inclined forward, backward, left and right. That is, since the front wheel 11 that is the driving wheel is not grounded, the vehicle 1 may go down along the slope. Therefore, it is preferable to brake at least one of the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 13 in a situation where only the middle wheel 12 and the rear wheel 14 that are driven wheels are grounded.
- FIG. 14 is a side view showing a state where the vehicle is moving on a slope that rises to the left.
- the first linear motion mechanism 22 is driven so that the front wheel 11L is higher than the front wheel 11R. That is, the first linear motion mechanism 22L is made shorter than the first linear motion mechanism 22R.
- the second linear motion mechanism 23 is driven so that the middle wheel 12L is higher than the middle wheel 12R and the rear wheel 13L is higher than the rear wheel 13R.
- the left and right lower links 25 have different angles.
- variable mechanism 20 is driven so that the front wheel 11R, the middle wheel 12R, and the rear wheel 13R are higher than the front wheel 11L, the middle wheel 12L, and the rear wheel 13L, respectively.
- FIG. 14 shows a case where the vehicle moves on the left and right slopes in the traveling mode.
- the front wheel 11R, the middle wheel 12R, and the rear wheel 13R are lower than the front wheel 11L, the middle wheel 12L, and the rear wheel 13L, respectively. By doing so, it is possible to travel with high riding comfort even on sloping ground.
- variable mechanism 20 can change the wheel height with a small stroke. Therefore, the pitch angle, roll angle, and height of the seating surface can be adjusted during traveling.
- first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 are driven independently on the left and right sides, it is possible to travel stably even with respect to left and right steps, left and right slopes, uneven terrain, and the like.
- the variable mechanism 20 adjusts the height of the driven wheel and the driving wheel, so that the leveling surface and the rough terrain can be traveled while the level of the seating surface is maintained. In addition, it has the same driving performance as a senior car and can travel more safely and comfortably. Since the height can be freely changed, convenience can be improved. For example, movement with the same line of sight as a pedestrian is possible. Furthermore, it is possible to realize both a standing riding mode that allows easy access to high places and a chair mode that allows the user to enter under the table while riding.
- variable mechanism 20 When moving up and down the step, the vehicle 1 travels with 6 wheels.
- the variable mechanism 20 is deformed into a four-wheel grounding state during normal traveling or when the escalator is raised or lowered. Further, by independently controlling the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23 during traveling, a four-wheel independent active suspension can be achieved. Thereby, rocking
- the variable mechanism 20 is driven so that the seat surface tilts forward during acceleration and the seat surface tilts backward during deceleration. Or when vehicle 1 curves, it inclines right and left so that the outside of a curve may become high. In this way, stable running is possible and riding comfort is improved.
- the variable mechanism 20 is operating based on the detection result of the sensor unit 73.
- High mobility and safe movement can be made possible in various environments such as rough terrain, steps, front / rear / left / right slopes, and escalators. Even under various environments, the vehicle can travel while maintaining the level of the seating surface.
- the front leg to which the front wheel 11 is attached and the rear leg to which the middle wheel 12 is attached are driven by a linear motion mechanism. Thereby, the number of actuators can be reduced, and size reduction and weight reduction can be achieved. Therefore, the variable mechanism 20 can have a simple configuration.
- getting on and off of the well cab vehicle becomes easy. For example, it is possible to travel while keeping the slope horizontal when getting on and off a well cab vehicle or the like. Even when there is an inclination or a step on the sidewalk, the vehicle 1 can travel with the seat surface horizontal. Furthermore, the passenger 2 can get on a no-step bus or a train while getting on the vehicle 1. The vehicle 1 can get on and off large steps such as curbs on the sidewalk and steps on the entrance.
- the step sensor or the escalator may be detected forward by a range sensor or the like of the sensor unit 73. That is, the sensor unit 73 detects the height of the step or detects the presence of an ascending escalator or a descending escalator. Then, the control system 70 may control the variable mechanism 20 according to the detected step or escalator. For example, the control unit 71 controls each actuator of the variable mechanism 20 based on the detection signal of the sensor 73. Specifically, when the step is detected forward, the travel mode is switched to the travel in the chair mode.
- control unit 71 when traveling on a slope, similarly controls each actuator of the variable mechanism 20 based on the detection signal of the sensor 73.
- control unit 71 may start control of the variable mechanism 20 by a user operation. That is, the variable mechanism 20 may be operated by the user specifying a step getting on / off, an ascending escalator, and a descending escalator.
- a roller may be provided so as to protrude from the link further behind the rear wheel 13. This makes it possible to press the roller against the vertical surface of the escalator to stabilize the vehicle body. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the rear wheel 13 from descending and receiving friction in the vertical direction of the escalator.
- the vehicle 1 has been described as having six wheels of three wheels on one side, but may be three or more wheels on one side. Further, the middle wheel 12 or the rear wheel 13 may be a drive wheel.
- FIG. 15 is a model diagram illustrating a configuration of a variable mechanism of the traveling device according to the second embodiment.
- the configuration of the variable mechanism is different from that of the first embodiment.
- the attachment position of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is different. Since the configuration other than the third linear motion mechanism 26 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 is provided between the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the rear link 24 so as to be extendable and contractible. Specifically, one end of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is attached to the middle of the first linear motion mechanism 22. Further, the other end of the third linear motion mechanism 26 is attached to the middle of the rear link 24. Therefore, the rear link 24 includes an upper rear link 24a and a lower rear link 24b.
- a third linear motion mechanism 26 is attached to a connection position H between the upper rear link 24a and the lower rear link 24b.
- the length of the upper rear link 24a is d
- the length of the lower rear link 24b is h. That is, the distance between the position O and the position H is d, and the distance between the position H and the position D is h.
- the rear link 24 is bent.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 is attached to a portion of the first linear motion mechanism 22 that does not expand and contract. That is, the first linear motion mechanism 22 expands and contracts below the attachment position of the third linear motion mechanism 26.
- the angle ⁇ changes due to the expansion and contraction of the third linear motion mechanism 26. That is, the angle ⁇ between the upper frame 21 and the upper rear link 24a is variable. Specifically, the angle ⁇ is increased by extending the third linear motion mechanism 26, and the angle ⁇ is decreased by contracting. Further, the angle may be fixed between the upper rear link 24a and the lower rear link 24b. Alternatively, the angle may be variable between the upper rear link 24a and the lower rear link 24b. In this case, the upper rear link 24a and the lower rear link 24b are connected via a passive joint.
- FIG. 16 is a model diagram of the variable mechanism of the first embodiment, and also shows the passenger seat 3.
- the protruding portion 26a protruding from the movable range.
- the protruding portion 26a protrudes to the lower left side of FIG. 16
- the protruding portion 26a comes into contact with the ground, and therefore protrudes to the upper right side.
- the protruding portion 26a protrudes greatly to the upper right
- the protruding portion 26a protrudes between the crotch of the passenger 2 on the boarding seat 3 who passes near the boarding seat 3. Therefore, there is a risk of getting in and out and operability.
- the protruding portion 26a of the third linear motion mechanism 26 protrudes rearward. Therefore, there is no possibility of grounding, and there is no interference with the passenger 2. Therefore, even when the third linear motion mechanism 26 has the protruding portion 26a, a desirable configuration can be obtained. Therefore, it can drive
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a chair mode, a travel mode, and a standing ride mode. Specifically, the state A in FIG. 17 indicates the chair mode, the state B indicates the traveling mode, and the state C indicates the standing riding mode. In the chair mode, the front wheel 11, the middle wheel 12, and the rear wheel 13 are grounded. In the traveling mode and the standing riding mode, the front wheels 11 and the rear wheels 13 are grounded, and the middle wheel 12 is off.
- the vehicle height can be changed by extending and contracting the first linear motion mechanism 22 and the second linear motion mechanism 23. That is, as in the first embodiment, the vehicle height can be increased by extending the first linear motion mechanism 22 and contracting the second linear motion mechanism 23. Further, the angle ⁇ and the third linear motion mechanism 26 are constant in all modes as in the first embodiment.
- FIGS. 18 shows a state where the user is riding on the rising escalator 101
- FIG. 19 shows a state where the descending escalator 102 is riding. Since the basic operation of the variable mechanism 20 is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
- the expansion and contraction operations of the second linear motion mechanism 23 and the first linear motion mechanism 22 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Further, the third linear motion mechanism 26 expands and contracts similarly to the first embodiment.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 When the vehicle climbs and rides on the escalator 101, the third linear motion mechanism 26 is extended as shown in FIG. This increases the angle ⁇ between the upper frame 21 and the upper rear link 24a. Therefore, even if the front wheel 11 is higher than the rear wheel 13, the upper frame 21 becomes nearly horizontal. Therefore, even when the occupant 2 is sitting on the boarding seat 3 (not shown in FIG. 18) attached to the upper frame 21, the escalator 101 can be stably climbed.
- the third linear motion mechanism 26 extends as shown in FIG. This reduces the angle ⁇ between the upper frame 21 and the upper rear link 24a.
- the variable mechanism 20 operates so as to have the same posture as in the first embodiment. Thereby, even if the front wheel 11 becomes lower than the rear wheel 13, the upper frame 21 becomes nearly horizontal. Even when the occupant 2 sits in the boarding seat 3 (not shown in FIG. 19) attached to the upper frame 21, the escalator 101 can be stably climbed.
- FIG. 20 is a model diagram illustrating the operation of the variable mechanism 20 when overcoming the step 103.
- FIG. 21 is a model diagram illustrating the operation of the variable mechanism 20 when descending the step 103.
- 20 and 21 show a case where there is a step 103 on the horizontal floor surface 105.
- the upper surface of the step 103 is also horizontal.
- variable mechanism 20 When the vehicle 1 climbs the step 103, the state of the variable mechanism 20 changes in the order of timing A to timing I in FIG. Since the basic operation when the vehicle 1 climbs the step is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. For example, the expansion and contraction operations of the second linear motion mechanism 23 and the first linear motion mechanism 22 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Further, the third linear motion mechanism 26 expands and contracts similarly to the first embodiment. Accordingly, the variable mechanism 20 operates as in FIG.
- variable mechanism 20 When the vehicle 1 descends the step 103, the state of the variable mechanism 20 changes in the order of timing A to timing I in FIG. Since the basic operation when the vehicle 1 gets down the step is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. For example, the expansion and contraction operations of the second linear motion mechanism 23 and the first linear motion mechanism 22 are the same as those in the first embodiment. Further, the third linear motion mechanism 26 expands and contracts similarly to the first embodiment. Therefore, the variable mechanism 20 operates as in FIG.
- the traveling device according to the present embodiment has been described as the vehicle 1 on which the passenger 2 rides and travels.
- the passenger 2 may be configured not to board.
- the traveling device according to the present embodiment may be a traveling device that travels with a load placed on a cargo bed.
- the upper frame 21 is provided with a loading platform instead of the passenger seat 3 on the vehicle body.
- the traveling apparatus which conveys the passenger 2 and a load simultaneously may be sufficient.
- the boarding seat 3 and the loading platform are provided on the vehicle body.
- the traveling device not only the traveling device that travels with the passenger 2 or luggage loaded, but the traveling device itself may move.
- the travel device is not limited to a configuration in which a boarding seat or a loading platform is provided on the vehicle body, and may be a mobile robot that travels autonomously.
- the variable mechanism 20 may be configured to support the vehicle body.
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Abstract
Description
上記の乗り物において、前記アクチュエータが左右の前記2のリンクに対して共通になっていてもよい。
上記の走行装置において、前記第2の車輪、及び前記第3の車輪が従動輪となっていてもよい。
上記の走行装置において、前記アクチュエータが前記車体と前記第2のリンクとの間に伸縮可能に設けられた第3の直動機構によって構成されていてもよい。
上記の走行装置において、前記アクチュエータが前記車体に対して前記第2のリンクを回転駆動する回転機構によって構成されていてもよい。
上記の走行装置において、前記アクチュエータが前記第1の直動機構と前記第2のリンクとの間に伸縮可能に設けられた第3の直動機構によって構成されていてもよい。
上記の走行装置において、前記車体には、搭乗者が搭乗する搭乗席が設けられていてもよい。
(全体構成)
本実施の形態に係る走行装置の一例である乗り物について、図1、及び図2を用いて説明する。図1は、乗り物1の構成を示す側面図であり、図2は、上面図である。なお、図1、及び図2では、XYZ直交座標系を用いて説明する。+X方向が乗り物1の前方になり、-X方向が乗り物1の後方になっている。また、+Y方向が乗り物1の左方向となり、-Y方向が乗り物1の右方向となっている。+Z方向が鉛直上方となり、-Y方向が鉛直下方となっている。
次に、可変機構20の構成について、図5、及び図6を用いて説明する。図5は、可変機構20の構成を示す斜視図である。図6は、可変機構20を模式化して示すモデル図である。なお、図5、図6では、搭乗席3等の構成については取り除いて図示している。可変機構20は、上フレーム21、第1の直動機構22と、第2の直動機構23と、後リンク24と、下リンク25と、第3の直動機構26と、を備えている。
a=160mm、b=230mm、c=250mm。sf=0~390mm、d=400mm、e=160mm、f=390mm、g=280mm、sr=0~190mm、sm=260~570mm、α=60~110°、β=120°(固定)、rf=150mm、rr=100mm
なお、図5、図6では、角度αを変えるためのアクチュエータとして、第3の直動機構26が設けられていたが、回転機構を用いことも可能である。すなわち、直動関節の代わりに、回転関節を用いることも可能である。回転機構を用いた可変機構20の構成例を図7に示す。図7では、第3の直動機構26の代わりに、角度αを変えるための回転機構28が設けられている。変形例では、上フレーム21に対して後リンク24を回転駆動する回転機構28によってアクチュエータを構成している。
a=160mm、b=230mm、c=250mm。sf=0~390mm、d=400mm、e=160mm、f=390mm、g=280mm、sr=0~190mm、α=60~110°、β=120°(固定)、rf=150mm、rr=100mm
本実施の形態にかかる乗り物1の制御系について、図8を用いて説明する。図8は、制御系70の構成を示すブロック図である。制御系70は、制御部71と、センサ部73、入力部74、を備えている。また、制御系70は、第1の直動機構22、第2の直動機構23、第3の直動機構26を駆動制御するために、サーボアンプ82、83、86、駆動部92、93、96を備えている。さらに、前輪11を駆動制御するために、制御系70は、コントローラ51、及びモータ52を備えている。なお、各構成要素の左右の構成については上記と同様に符号にL、Rを付けている。制御系70の一部の構成は、例えば、制御ボックス7の中に収納される。
次に、図9を用いて、乗り物1の車高を変化させる場合について説明する。図9は、可変機構20を示すモデル図である。Aは、図4に示す状態、すなわち、車高が低い椅子モードを示している。Bは図1に示す状態、通常の車高になっている走行モードを示している。Cは図3に示す状態、すなわち車高が高い立ち乗りモードを示している。なお、図9では地面が水平になっている。
次に、エスカレータ昇降に対応する場合について、図10、及び図11を用いて説明する。図10は、昇りのエスカレータに乗っている状態を示す図であり、図11は、降りのエスカレータに乗っている状態を示す図である。また、図10、図11ではエスカレータの傾斜角度が30°になっている。
次に、乗り物1が段差を乗り降りする時の、可変機構20の動作について説明する。図12は、段差103を乗り越える時の可変機構20の動作を示すモデル図である。図13は、段差103を降りる時の可変機構20の動作を示すモデル図である。図12、図13では、水平な床面105に、段差103がある場合を示している。また、段差103の上面も水平になっている。図12、図13では、各直動機構の長さが示されている。
また、電車とホームとの間のような、段差と溝が組み合わさった状況においても、乗り物1が段差を乗り降りすることが可能となる。すなわち、乗り物1が溝を越えつつ、段差を乗り降りすることが可能になる。これにより、電車やバスへの乗り降りが可能となる。
なお、中輪12と後輪13のみが接地している状態では、路面が前後左右に傾斜していると、乗り物1が流れて行ってしまう恐れがある。すなわち、駆動輪である前輪11が接地していないため、乗り物1が傾斜に沿って降りて行ってしまう恐れがある。したがって、従動輪である中輪12、及び後輪14のみが接地する状況下においては、中輪12、及び後輪13の少なくとも一方にブレーキをかけておくことが好ましい。
次に、左右の傾斜地を移動する場合について、図14を用いて説明する。図14は、左上がりの傾斜地を移動している状態を示す側面図である。左上がりの傾斜地を移動する場合、前輪11Lが前輪11Rよりも高くなるように、第1の直動機構22が駆動する。すなわち、第1の直動機構22Lを第1の直動機構22Rよりも短くする。また、中輪12Lが中輪12Rよりも高くなり、後輪13Lが後輪13Rよりも高くなるように、第2の直動機構23が駆動する。これにより、左右の下リンク25が異なる角度となる。もちろん、右上がりの傾斜地の場合、前輪11R、中輪12R、後輪13Rがそれぞれ前輪11L、中輪12L、後輪13Lよりも高くなるように、可変機構20が駆動する。このようにすることで、搭乗席3の座面が水平となったまま傾斜地を移動することができる。よって、乗り心地を向上することができ、安定した走行が可能になる。
実施の形態2にかかる走行装置について、図15を用いて説明する。本実施の形態でも、実施の形態1と同様に、走行装置が乗り物であるとして説明する。図15は、実施の形態2にかかる走行装置の可変機構の構成を示すモデル図である。本実施の形態では、実施の形態1に対して、可変機構の構成が異なっている。第3の直動機構26の取り付け位置が異なっている。第3の直動機構26以外の構成については、実施の形態1と同様であるため説明を省略する。
次に、実施の形態2における走行装置における各モードについて説明する。図17は、椅子モード、走行モード、立ち乗りモードを示す図である。具体的には、図17の状態Aが椅子モードを示し、状態Bが走行モードを示し、状態Cが立ち乗りモードを示している。椅子モードでは、前輪11、中輪12、後輪13が接地している。走行モード、及び立ち乗りモードでは、前輪11、後輪13が接地し、中輪12が離地している。
エスカレータに乗っている状態について、図18、図19を用いて説明する。図18は、昇りエスカレータ101に乗っている状態を示し、図19は降りエスカレータ102の乗っている状態を示している。なお、可変機構20の基本的な動作は、実施の形態1と同様であるため、適宜説明を省略する。例えば、第2の直動機構23、第1の直動機構22の伸縮動作については、実施の形態1と同様である。また、第3の直動機構26についても、実施の形態1と同様に伸縮する。
次に乗り物1が段差を乗り降りするときの、可変機構20の動作について説明する。図20は、段差103を乗り越える時の可変機構20の動作を示すモデル図である。図21は、段差103を降りる時の可変機構20の動作を示すモデル図である。図20、図21では、水平な床面105に、段差103がある場合を示している。また、段差103の上面も水平になっている。なお、図20、21では、図12、図13と異なり、各直動機構の長さが示されていない。
2 搭乗者
3 搭乗席
4 フットレスト
5 背もたれ
6 アームレスト
7 制御ボックス
8 テーブル
9 本棚
11 前輪
12 中輪
13 後輪
20 可変機構
21 上フレーム
22 第1の直動機構
23 第2の直動機構
24 後リンク
25 下リンク
26 第3の直動機構
101 昇りエスカレータ
102 降りエスカレータ
103 段差
105 床面
Claims (8)
- 駆動輪である第1の車輪と、
車体と、
伸縮可能に設けられ、前記第1の車輪と前記車体とを連結する第1の直動機構と、
前記第1の車輪の後ろ側に配置された第2の車輪と、
伸縮可能に設けられ、前記車体と前記第2の車輪とを連結する第2の直動機構と、
前記第2の車輪の後ろ側に設けられた第3の車輪と、
前記第2の車輪と前記第3の車輪とを連結する第1のリンクと、
前記第1のリンクと前記車体とを連結する第2のリンクと、
前記車体と前記第2のリンクとの間の角度を変えるアクチュエータと、を備えた走行装置。 - 前記第1の車輪、第2の車輪、第3の車輪、前記第1の直動機構、及び第2の直動機構がそれぞれ、前記走行装置の左右に配置されて、独立に駆動される請求項1に記載の走行装置。
- 前記アクチュエータが左右の前記第2のリンクに対して共通になっている請求項2に記載の走行装置。
- 前記第2の車輪、及び前記第3の車輪が従動輪となっている請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の走行装置。
- 前記アクチュエータが前記車体と前記第2のリンクとの間に伸縮可能に設けられた第3の直動機構によって構成されている請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の走行装置。
- 前記アクチュエータが前記車体に対して前記第2のリンクを回転駆動する回転機構によって構成されている請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の走行装置。
- 前記アクチュエータが前記第1の直動機構と前記第2のリンクとの間に伸縮可能に設けられた第3の直動機構によって構成されている請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の走行装置。
- 前記車体には、搭乗者が搭乗する搭乗席が設けられている請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の走行装置。
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US (1) | US10137042B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6220069B2 (ja) |
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CN106572935B (zh) | 2018-05-11 |
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