WO2015199237A1 - ドラムブレーキ装置 - Google Patents
ドラムブレーキ装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015199237A1 WO2015199237A1 PCT/JP2015/068591 JP2015068591W WO2015199237A1 WO 2015199237 A1 WO2015199237 A1 WO 2015199237A1 JP 2015068591 W JP2015068591 W JP 2015068591W WO 2015199237 A1 WO2015199237 A1 WO 2015199237A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- brake device
- gear
- wheel cylinder
- brake
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D51/00—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
- F16D51/16—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis
- F16D51/18—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes
- F16D51/20—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots
- F16D51/22—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots mechanically actuated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/58—Combined or convertible systems
- B60T13/588—Combined or convertible systems both fluid and mechanical assistance or drive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
- B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D51/00—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like
- F16D51/16—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis
- F16D51/18—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes
- F16D51/20—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots
- F16D51/24—Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis with two brake-shoes extending in opposite directions from their pivots fluid actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/22—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for pressing members apart, e.g. for drum brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
- F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
- F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2123/00—Multiple operation forces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
- F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
- F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
- F16D2125/48—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel stationary axes, e.g. spur gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
- F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
- F16D2125/52—Rotating members in mutual engagement with non-parallel stationary axes, e.g. worm or bevel gears
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drum brake device.
- a parking brake for a vehicle that can be operated by an electric actuator is known (see Patent Document 1).
- this type of parking brake is configured as a duo-servo type drum brake, and is supported in a floating manner that can be operated by an electric actuator 501 disposed on a wheel carrier.
- An expanding lock 503 is provided, and this expanding lock 503 acts on the two brake shoes.
- the expanding lock 503 includes a threaded nut-spindle assembly 505. As shown in FIG. 21B, the threaded nut 507 of the threaded nut-spindle assembly 505 is rotatably supported by the thrust bearing 511 in the housing 509 of the expanding lock 503. The straight gear on the outer surface of the threaded nut 507 is in mesh with the worm gear 513. When the electric actuator 501 drives the worm gear 513, the threaded nut 507 is shifted to rotation. As a result, the spindle 515 moves in the left direction in the drawing, and presses the first brake shoe 517 against the brake drum. The operating force thus obtained is supported by the pressure member 519 through the thrust bearing 511.
- the second brake shoe 521 is pressed against the brake drum, and the expanding lock 503 is itself aligned within the brake drum. That is, the threaded nut-spindle assembly 505 is free to move horizontally.
- a reduction gear unit 523 is provided between the electric actuator 501 and the worm gear 513.
- the above-described conventional parking brake is dedicated to parking provided in the central region of the brake disc in the disc brake for service brake, and is difficult to apply to the service brake.
- a service brake wheel cylinder 551 and a parking brake actuator 553 are provided between upper ends of a pair of brake shoes 555 and 557. Proposals have also been proposed.
- the wheel cylinder 551 and the actuator 553 must be provided in a limited space inside the drum 559, and the hub, which is a rotating member (not shown), also approaches the space, and the layout is not good.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above situation, and an object thereof is to provide a compact drum brake device including an electric parking brake device.
- a pair of brake shoes disposed so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum and supported movably on a backing plate, and interposed between adjacent ends of the pair of brake shoes,
- a drum brake device comprising: an extension mechanism; and an electric actuator for rotating the extension mechanism.
- the extension mechanism for the parking brake is disposed between the rear end portion of the first piston and the rear end portion of the second piston in the wheel cylinder, and the service brake It is laid out almost on the same straight line as the wheel cylinder.
- the first piston and the second piston are also used as the wheel cylinder and the extension mechanism. Therefore, a compact drum brake device provided with the electric parking brake device can be obtained, and the layout is improved.
- the drum brake device having the configuration of (1), wherein the extension mechanism is provided coaxially at a drive gear that is rotated by a drive shaft of the electric actuator and a rear end portion of the first piston.
- a straight gear that has a female screw portion that engages with the male screw portion on one end side, a bearing portion that rotatably contacts the rear end portion of the second piston, and that meshes with the drive gear on the outer periphery.
- a drum brake device in which at least the male screw portion and the female screw portion of the extension mechanism are communicated with a liquid chamber of the wheel cylinder.
- the drive gear is rotated by the drive shaft of the electric actuator.
- the rotation of the drive gear is transmitted to the straight gear of the nut member.
- the inner female screw portion is rotated with respect to the male screw portion of the first piston.
- the tip of the first piston presses one of the brake shoes by the rotation of the female screw that is screwed into the male screw.
- the upper end part of one brake shoe is extruded to the outer peripheral side, and is pressed by the brake drum.
- the nut member and the bearing portion are pushed out to the outer peripheral side by the reaction force, and the upper end portion of the other brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum.
- the screw engagement portion of the female screw portion and the male screw portion in the extension mechanism communicates with the fluid chamber of the wheel cylinder and is lubricated with the brake fluid. Because there is a sufficient amount of brake fluid in the fluid chamber, the screw meshing part of the extension mechanism has problems due to running out of lubricant during long-term use (for example, increased rotational resistance or wear on the sliding surface). Does not occur. That is, in the extension mechanism, the screw engagement portion between the female screw portion and the male screw portion, which are in sliding contact where the sliding portion resistance is likely to increase, is reliably lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the screw engagement portion has a sufficient amount of brake fluid with respect to the sliding surface, it is less likely to be affected by the deterioration of the lubrication performance due to the presence of wear powder, and the heat generation is suppressed and the efficiency is less likely to decrease.
- the internal thread portion communicates with the fluid chamber of the wheel cylinder through the oil hole formed in the nut member.
- the oil hole is formed on the side opposite to the screw engaging portion of the nut member formed in a cap nut shape, thereby improving the air bleedability of the inner space of the nut member.
- the internal thread portion of the nut member and the external thread portion of the first piston rotate relative to each other, the internal space communicated with the liquid chamber via the oil hole is not hindered in volume change, and the first piston and the second piston. The piston can be moved smoothly.
- the straight gear and the drive gear are communicated with the liquid chamber of the wheel cylinder, and the drive shaft of the electric actuator is A drum brake device disposed in a liquid-tight manner with respect to a liquid chamber of the wheel cylinder.
- the drive shaft of the electric actuator penetrates the liquid chamber of the wheel cylinder in a liquid-tight manner.
- a drive shaft penetrating the liquid chamber drives an extension mechanism provided in the liquid chamber. That is, the power transmission element between the extension mechanism and the drive shaft is in the brake fluid.
- the rotational motion of the drive shaft is converted into an expansion motion (linear motion) in which the first piston and the second piston are driven away from each other by an extension mechanism in which the nut member is rotated by the drive gear.
- the extension mechanism has a screw engagement portion and a bearing portion, and these screw engagement portion and bearing portion are sealed in the liquid chamber.
- the meshing portion of the drive gear rotated by the drive shaft of the electric actuator and the straight gear of the nut member is also lubricated with the brake fluid. Therefore, in the meshing part of the drive gear, the change in viscous resistance is less likely to occur in low-temperature environments compared to grease lubrication, and variation in rotational sliding resistance is reduced. can do.
- a drum brake device having any one of the constitutions (2) to (4), wherein the drive gear is a worm gear provided on the drive shaft.
- the drum brake device having the above configuration (5) since the drive gear meshing with the straight gear of the nut member is a worm gear having irreversibility, the return rotation of the nut member due to the reaction force received by the brake shoe is prevented. Be blocked. Therefore, a reversible screw having a large lead can be used for the male screw portion and the female screw portion in the extension mechanism.
- a drum brake device according to any one of the above (2) to (4), wherein the drive gear is a final gear of a transmission gear device that transmits the rotation of the drive shaft.
- the drive gear that meshes with the straight gear of the nut member is, for example, the final gear in the transmission gear device including a plurality of spur gear groups.
- the axis of the drive shaft of the electric actuator can be arranged in a direction along the axis of the nut member.
- the drum brake device can reduce the size of the protruding portion of the electric actuator on the vehicle mounting surface side. Since the drive gear meshing with the straight gear of the nut member is a reversible spur gear, in order to prevent the nut member from rotating back due to the reaction force received by the brake shoe, It is desirable to use a nonreciprocal screw having a small lead for the female screw portion.
- the drum brake device according to the present invention can provide a compact drum brake device including an electric parking brake device.
- FIG. 2 is a II-II cross-sectional view of the drum brake device shown in FIG. 1.
- A) is the perspective view which looked at the drum brake device shown in FIG. 1 from the brake drum side
- (b) is the perspective view which looked at the drum brake device of (a) from the vehicle attachment surface side.
- It is a perspective view of the electric cylinder assembly which consists of an electric actuator and a wheel cylinder.
- 5A is a side view of the electric cylinder assembly shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an electric actuator, a transmission gear device, and an extension mechanism of the electric cylinder assembly with the housing shown in FIG. 7 removed. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the drum brake device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wheel cylinder in the drum brake device which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the drum brake device shown in FIG. 12 taken along XIII-XIII.
- A) is the perspective view which looked at the drum brake device shown in FIG. 12 from the brake drum side
- (b) is the perspective view which looked at the drum brake device of (a) from the vehicle attachment surface side.
- (A) is a side view of the electric cylinder assembly shown in FIG. 15, and (b) is an XVI-XVI sectional view of (a). It is a side view of the electric actuator and extension mechanism with the housing removed. It is a principal part expanded sectional view of the drum brake device concerning a 7th embodiment of the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wheel cylinder in the drum brake device which concerns on 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the wheel cylinder in the drum brake device which concerns on 9th Embodiment of this invention.
- (A) is a simplified view of a conventional parking brake that can be operated by an electric machine, and (b) is a sectional view of an expanding lock that can be used for the parking brake of (a). It is a front view of the conventional vehicle brake device.
- the drum brake device 11 includes a first brake shoe 25 and a second brake shoe 27 which are a pair of brake shoes, a first brake shoe 25 and a first brake shoe.
- the extension mechanism 21 disposed between the rear end portions of the two pistons 41 and the electric actuator 13 for rotating the extension mechanism 21 are configured as main members.
- the drum brake device 11 is integrally fixed to the vehicle body in such a posture that the backing plate 23 is substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of a wheel (not shown).
- the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 are arranged so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 29 (see FIG. 2).
- the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 are elastically supported movably on the backing plate 23 by the first shoe hold device 31 and the second shoe hold device 33, and can be expanded.
- the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 are elastically urged in a direction approaching each other by a pair of the first shoe return spring 35 and the second shoe return spring 37.
- a wheel cylinder 15 as a fluid actuator is interposed between one adjacent end of the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 above (a) in FIG.
- the wheel cylinder 15 is attached to the backing plate 23 and is driven by a brake hydraulic pressure (hydraulic pressure) that is pressurized and supplied from a master cylinder (not shown) to the liquid chamber 47 when the service brake is operated.
- a brake hydraulic pressure hydraulic pressure
- master cylinder master cylinder
- An anchor 43 is fixed to the backing plate 23 between the other adjacent ends of the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 below (a) in FIG.
- the anchor 43 is integrally fixed to the backing plate 23 by a pair of rivets 45.
- the anchor 43 receives the brake reaction force when the braking force is generated when the upper ends of the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 are separated from each other by the wheel cylinder 15 and pressed against the brake drum 29.
- the liquid chamber 47 between the rear end portion of the first piston 39 and the rear end portion of the second piston 41 in the wheel cylinder 15 is laid out substantially on the same straight line as the wheel cylinder 15.
- the extension mechanism 21 is arranged. The extension mechanism 21 is rotated in one direction when the parking brake is operated, thereby driving the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 in the separating direction.
- the extension mechanism 21 in the first embodiment includes a worm gear 49 that is a drive gear and a nut member 51.
- the worm gear 49 is configured integrally with the drive shaft 53 of the electric actuator 13 and is rotated.
- the nut member 51 has, on one end side, a female screw portion 57 that is screwed with a male screw portion 55 formed coaxially at the rear end portion of the first piston 39. Further, the nut member 51 has a bearing portion 59 that rotatably contacts the rear end portion of the second piston 41 on the other end side, and a straight gear 61 that meshes with a worm gear 49 disposed on the lower side on the outer periphery. Is formed.
- a contact portion between the nut member 51 and the second piston 41 is the hemispherical bearing portion 59 shown in FIG.
- the contact portion may be a bearing (thrust bearing) or a dry bearing.
- the nut member 51 is provided with an oil hole 99 that allows the female screw portion 57 and the bearing portion 59 to communicate with each other.
- the electric actuator 13 and the wheel cylinder 15 constitute an electric cylinder assembly 17.
- the electric cylinder assembly 17 liquid-tightly covers the extension mechanism 21 with a liquid chamber 47 defined inward by the housing 19.
- the electric actuator 13 is fixed to the housing 19 via a snap ring 64.
- a rear end portion of the electric actuator 13 has a connector portion 14 into which a power supply connector (not shown) is fitted from the axial direction.
- the housing 19 and the electric actuator 13 and the drive shaft 53 are sealed in a liquid-tight manner by O-rings 63 (see FIG. 5B). That is, the drive shaft 53 of the electric actuator 13 is liquid-tightly arranged with respect to the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 15.
- the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are engaged with the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 via the engaging claws 65 (see FIG. 6).
- the rotation of the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 is restricted by the engagement claw 65 engaging with these brake shoes.
- the housing 19 is provided with a cup 67 (see FIG. 2) for sealing the liquid chamber 47 in a liquid-tight manner at a portion where the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 penetrate. Expansion of the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27 when the parking brake is operated is performed by linear movement of the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 by the rotation of the straight gear 61. That is, the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are driven by the extension mechanism 21 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake hydraulic pressure supplied to the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 15 when the service brake is operated.
- the extension mechanism 21 for parking brake is disposed between the rear end portion of the first piston 39 and the rear end portion of the second piston 41 in the wheel cylinder 15.
- the service brake wheel cylinder 15 is laid out on substantially the same straight line. Further, the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are shared by the wheel cylinder 15 and the extension mechanism 21. Therefore, a compact drum brake device 11 having an electric parking brake device can be obtained, and the layout is improved.
- the drive shaft 53 of the electric actuator 13 penetrates the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 15 in a liquid-tight manner.
- the drive shaft 53 that passes through the liquid chamber 47 drives the extension mechanism 21 provided in the liquid chamber 47. That is, the power transmission element between the extension mechanism 21 and the drive shaft 53 is in the brake fluid.
- the rotational motion of the drive shaft 53 is converted into an expansion motion (linear motion) in which the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are driven away from each other by the expansion mechanism 21 in which the nut member 51 is rotated by the worm gear 49.
- the extension mechanism 21 has a screw engagement portion and a bearing portion 59, and these screw engagement portion and bearing portion 59 are sealed in the liquid chamber 47.
- the meshing portion between the worm gear 49 rotated by the drive shaft 53 of the electric actuator 13 and the straight gear 61 of the nut member 51 is also lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the drum brake device 11 since the tooth surface is in sliding contact, the contact surface is hot and the efficiency is likely to decrease, and the meshing portion of the worm gear 49 where the sliding portion resistance is likely to increase is also lower in a low temperature environment than grease lubrication. Changes in viscous resistance are unlikely to occur, and variations in rotational sliding resistance are reduced. Therefore, according to the drum brake device 11 according to the first embodiment, the transmission efficiency of the parking force is stabilized.
- the worm gear 49 is rotated by the drive shaft 53 penetrating the liquid chamber 47 when the parking brake is operated.
- the rotation of the worm gear 49 is transmitted to the straight gear 61 of the nut member 51.
- the inner female screw portion 57 is rotated with respect to the male screw portion 55 of the first piston 39.
- the tip of the first piston 39 presses the first brake shoe 25 by the rotation of the female screw portion 57 screwed into the male screw portion 55.
- the upper end portion of the first brake shoe 25 is pushed to the outer peripheral side and is pressed against the brake drum 29.
- the nut member 51 and the bearing portion 59 are pushed out to the outer peripheral side by the reaction force, and the upper end portion of the second brake shoe 27 is pressed against the brake drum 29. As a result, a braking force is generated by the first brake shoe 25 and the second brake shoe 27.
- Sliding surfaces of the extension mechanism 21 such as the screw engaging portion of the worm gear 49 and the straight gear 61, the screw engaging portion of the female screw portion 57 and the male screw portion 55, and the bearing portion 59 that contacts the nut member 51 are formed in the liquid chamber 47. Because there is a sufficient amount of brake fluid, it is lubricated. Therefore, the extension mechanism 21 does not suffer from problems due to running out of lubricant during long-term use (for example, an increase in rotational resistance or wear on the sliding surface). That is, in the extension mechanism 21, the screw meshing portion of the female screw portion 57 and the male screw portion 55, which are in sliding contact with which the sliding portion resistance is likely to increase, is reliably lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the screw engagement portion has a sufficient amount of brake fluid with respect to the sliding surface, it is less likely to be affected by the deterioration of the lubrication performance due to the presence of wear powder, and the heat generation is suppressed and the efficiency is less likely to decrease.
- the female thread portion 57 is communicated with the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 15 through the oil hole 99 formed in the nut member 51.
- the screw engagement portion can be reliably lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the oil hole 99 is formed on the side opposite to the screw engaging portion of the nut member 51 formed in a cap nut shape, so that the air release property of the inner space 56 of the nut member 51 is improved.
- the internal space 56 communicated with the liquid chamber 47 through the oil hole 99 is not hindered from changing in volume when the female screw portion 57 of the nut member 51 and the male screw portion 55 of the first piston 39 rotate relative to each other. The first piston 39 and the second piston 41 can be moved smoothly.
- the drive gear that meshes with the straight gear 61 of the nut member 51 is the worm gear 49 having irreversibility, and therefore the nut member 51 due to the reaction force that the brake shoe receives. Is prevented from returning. Therefore, even if the power supply to the electric actuator 13 is stopped, the nut member 51 does not return and rotate and the parking brake braking is not released. Therefore, a reversible screw having a large lead can be used for the male screw portion 55 and the female screw portion 57 in the extension mechanism 21.
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a drum brake device 71 according to the second embodiment of the present invention provided with an electric cylinder assembly 69 having a spur gear group, as viewed from the vehicle mounting surface side, and FIG. ) Is a perspective view of FIG. 7A viewed from a different angle.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the electric actuator 13, the transmission gear device 75, and the extension mechanism 21 of the electric cylinder assembly 69 from which the housing 73 shown in FIG. 7 is removed.
- the drive gear in the electric cylinder assembly 69 is the final gear 77 of the transmission gear device 75 that transmits the rotation of the drive shaft 53.
- the transmission gear device 75 includes a spur drive gear 79 fixed to the drive shaft 53, a spur intermediate gear 81 meshed with the spur drive gear 79, and a spur gear meshed with the spur gear intermediate gear 81. And a gear 77.
- the final gear 77 meshes with the straight gear 61 of the nut member 51.
- the electric cylinder assembly 69 can be disposed in a direction in which the axis of the drive shaft 53 of the electric actuator 13 is along the axis of the nut member 51.
- the drum brake device 71 can reduce the dimension H of the protruding portion of the electric actuator 13 on the vehicle mounting surface side, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a drum brake device 80 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the drum brake device 80 according to the third embodiment is substantially the same except that the wheel cylinder 85 and the extension mechanism 82 are used instead of the wheel cylinder 15 and the extension mechanism 21 in the drum brake device 11 according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the extension mechanism 82 in the third embodiment includes a worm gear 49 that is a drive gear and a nut member 83.
- the nut member 83 has a female screw portion 57 on one end side and a bearing portion 59 on the other end side.
- a pair of O-rings 87 are disposed on both ends of the outer periphery of the nut member 83 with the straight gear 61 interposed therebetween, and the space between the inner wall of the wheel cylinder 85 and the cylinder wall is liquid-tightly sealed. That is, the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 85 is defined by a pair of O-rings 87 divided into a rear end side of the first piston 39 and a rear end side of the second piston 41.
- the nut member 83 is provided with an oil hole 99 that allows the female screw portion 57 and the bearing portion 59 to communicate with each other.
- the cylinder wall of the wheel cylinder 85 in the housing 19 has an oil hole 88 that communicates with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39 and oil that communicates with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the second piston 41.
- a hole 89 is formed and communicates with a master cylinder (not shown). Therefore, the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are driven by the extension mechanism 82 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake fluid pressure supplied to the two fluid chambers 47 of the wheel cylinder 85 when the service brake is operated.
- the screw engagement portions of the male screw portion 55 and the female screw portion 57 in the extension mechanism 82 communicate with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39 and the rear end side of the second piston 41 in the housing 19, respectively.
- the meshing portion of the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49 is not communicated with the liquid chamber 47 in the housing 19. Therefore, grease is filled between the cylinder wall inner surface of the wheel cylinder 85 and the straight gear 61, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49 is lubricated with grease.
- FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the wheel cylinder 95 in the drum brake device 91 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the drum brake device 91 according to the fourth embodiment is substantially the same except that the wheel cylinder 95 and the extension mechanism 92 are used in place of the wheel cylinder 85 and the extension mechanism 82 in the drum brake device 80 according to the third embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the extension mechanism 92 in the fourth embodiment includes a worm gear 49 that is a drive gear, and a nut member 93.
- the nut member 93 has a female screw portion 57 on one end side and a bearing portion 59 on the other end side.
- a pair of O-rings 87 are disposed on both ends of the outer periphery of the nut member 93 with the straight gear 61 interposed therebetween, and the space between the inner wall of the wheel cylinder 95 and the cylinder wall is liquid-tightly sealed. That is, the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 95 is divided into two parts by a pair of O-rings 87, that is, the rear end side of the first piston 39 and the rear end side of the second piston 41.
- the nut member 93 is provided with an oil hole 99 for communicating the female screw portion 57 and the bearing portion 59 on the other end side, and an oil hole 98 is provided in the male screw portion 55 of the first piston 39A. .
- an oil hole 97 communicating with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39A is formed in the cylinder wall of the wheel cylinder 95 in the housing 19 and communicated with a master cylinder (not shown). Therefore, the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are driven by the extension mechanism 92 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake fluid pressure supplied to the two fluid chambers 47 of the wheel cylinder 95 when the service brake is operated.
- the screw engagement portion of the male screw portion 55 and the female screw portion 57 in the extension mechanism 92 communicates with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39 and the rear end side of the second piston 41 in the housing 19, respectively.
- the meshing portion of the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49 is not communicated with the liquid chamber 47 in the housing 19. Therefore, grease is filled between the cylinder wall inner surface of the wheel cylinder 95 and the straight gear 61, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49 is lubricated with grease.
- FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wheel cylinder 95A in a drum brake device 101 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the drum brake device 101 according to the fifth embodiment is substantially the same except that the wheel cylinder 95A and the extension mechanism 102 are used instead of the wheel cylinder 95 and the extension mechanism 92 in the drum brake device 91 according to the third embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the extension mechanism 102 in the fifth embodiment includes a worm gear 49 that is a drive gear, and a nut member 103.
- the nut member 103 has a female screw portion 57 on one end side and a bearing portion 59 on the other end side.
- a pair of O-rings 87 are disposed on both ends of the outer periphery of the nut member 103 with the straight gear 61 interposed therebetween, and the space between the inner wall of the wheel cylinder 95A and the cylinder wall is liquid-tightly sealed. That is, the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 95 ⁇ / b> A is divided into two parts by a pair of O-rings 87, the rear end side of the first piston 39 and the rear end side of the second piston 41.
- the nut member 103 is provided with an oil hole 99 that allows the female screw portion 57 and the bearing portion 59 to communicate with each other, and the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39 and the rear end side of the second piston 41.
- An oil hole 105 communicating with the liquid chamber 47 is formed.
- an oil hole 97 communicating with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39 is formed in the cylinder wall of the wheel cylinder 95A in the housing 19 and communicated with a master cylinder (not shown). Therefore, the first piston 39 and the second piston 41 are driven by the extension mechanism 102 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake fluid pressure supplied to the two fluid chambers 47 of the wheel cylinder 95A when the service brake is operated.
- the screw engagement portions of the male screw portion 55 and the female screw portion 57 in the extension mechanism 102 communicate with the liquid chamber 47 on the rear end side of the first piston 39 and the rear end side of the second piston 41 in the housing 19, respectively.
- the meshing portion of the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49 is not communicated with the liquid chamber 47 in the housing 19. Therefore, grease is filled between the cylinder wall inner surface of the wheel cylinder 95A and the straight gear 61, and the meshing portion between the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49 is grease-lubricated.
- the male screw portion 55 and the female screw portion 57 are likely to increase in sliding portion resistance due to a change in the viscous resistance of grease in a low temperature environment.
- the screw meshing portion can be lubricated with brake fluid, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 61 and the worm gear 49, whose sliding portion resistance is relatively difficult to increase, can be lubricated with grease. Therefore, it is not necessary to dispose the drive shaft 53 in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the liquid chamber 47, and an O-ring 63 provided between the housing 19, the electric actuator 13, and the drive shaft 53 (see FIG. 5B). ) Becomes unnecessary.
- a drum brake device 211 includes a first brake shoe 225 and a second brake shoe 227, which are a pair of brake shoes, and a first brake shoe 225 and a second brake shoe.
- An extension mechanism 221 disposed between the rear end portions of the two pistons 241 and an electric actuator 213 for rotating the extension mechanism 221 are configured as main members.
- the drum brake device 211 is integrally fixed to the vehicle body in such a posture that the backing plate 223 is substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of a wheel (not shown).
- a first brake shoe 225 and a second brake shoe 227 which are a pair of brake shoes each having a substantially arc shape, are arranged on the backing plate 223 vertically along the left and right outer peripheral edges.
- the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 are arranged so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 229 (see FIG. 13).
- the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 are movably supported by the backing plate 223 and can be expanded. Further, the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 are elastically biased in a direction approaching each other by a pair of the first shoe return spring 235 and the second shoe return spring 237.
- a wheel cylinder 215 as a fluid actuator is interposed between adjacent one ends of the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 above (a) in FIG.
- the wheel cylinder 215 is attached to a backing plate 223, and is driven by a brake hydraulic pressure (hydraulic pressure) that is pressurized and supplied from a master cylinder (not shown) to the liquid chamber 247 when the service brake is operated.
- the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 push away one of the adjacent ends in the separating direction to expand the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227.
- An anchor 243 is fixed to the backing plate 223 between the other adjacent ends of the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 below (a) in FIG.
- the anchor 243 is integrally fixed to the backing plate 223 by a pair of rivets 245.
- the anchor 243 receives the brake reaction force when the braking force is generated when the upper ends of the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 are separated from each other by the wheel cylinder 215 and pressed against the brake drum 229.
- the liquid chamber 247 between the rear end portion of the first piston 239 and the rear end portion of the second piston 241 in the wheel cylinder 215 is laid out substantially on the same straight line as the wheel cylinder 215.
- An extension mechanism 221 is arranged. The extension mechanism 221 drives the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 in the separation direction by rotating in one direction when the parking brake is operated.
- the extension mechanism 221 in the sixth embodiment includes a worm gear 249 that is a drive gear and a nut member 251.
- the worm gear 249 is rotatably supported by the housing 219 via a radial bearing 250, and is rotated by spline coupling with the drive shaft 253 of the electric actuator 213 (see FIG. 16B).
- the nut member 251 has, on one end side, a female screw portion 257 that is screwed with a male screw portion 255 of the spindle 254 that is coaxially fitted to the rear end portion of the first piston 239 (for example, a two-sided width, a spiran or the like).
- the nut member 251 has a bearing portion 259 that rotatably contacts the rear end portion of the second piston 241 on the other end side, and a straight gear 261 that meshes with the worm gear 249 disposed on the upper side is formed on the outer periphery.
- a pair of collars 252 are attached to both ends of the nut member 251 with the straight gear 261 interposed therebetween.
- the collar 252 can be a bearing (radial bearing) or a dry bearing.
- a contact portion between the nut member 251 and the second piston 241 is a hemispherical bearing portion 259 shown in FIG.
- the contact portion may be a bearing (thrust bearing) or a dry bearing.
- the nut member 251 has an oil hole 299 that communicates the female screw portion 257 and the bearing portion 259.
- the electric actuator 213 and the wheel cylinder 215 constitute an electric cylinder assembly 217.
- the electric cylinder assembly 217 liquid-tightly covers the extension mechanism 221 with a liquid chamber 247 defined inwardly by the housing 219.
- the electric actuator 213 is fixed to the housing 219 via a snap ring 264.
- a rear end portion of the electric actuator 213 has a connector portion 214 into which a power supply connector (not shown) is fitted from a direction orthogonal to the axial direction (see FIG. 14).
- the housing 219 and the electric actuator 213 and the worm gear 249 are liquid-tightly sealed by O-rings 263 (see FIG. 16B), respectively. That is, The worm gear 249 is liquid-tightly arranged with respect to the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 215.
- the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are engaged with the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 via the engagement claw 265 (see FIG. 17).
- the rotation of the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 is restricted by the engagement claw 265 engaging with these brake shoes.
- the housing 219 is provided with a cup 267 (see FIG. 13) for sealing the liquid chamber 247 in a liquid-tight manner at a portion where the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 penetrate.
- the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227 are expanded by the linear movement of the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 by the rotation of the straight gear 261 when the parking brake is operated.
- the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are driven by the extension mechanism 221 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake hydraulic pressure supplied under pressure to the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 215 when the service brake is operated.
- the extension mechanism 221 for parking brake is disposed between the rear end portion of the first piston 239 and the rear end portion of the second piston 241 in the wheel cylinder 215.
- the wheel cylinder 215 for service brakes is laid out on substantially the same straight line. Further, the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are shared by the wheel cylinder 215 and the extension mechanism 221. Therefore, a compact drum brake device 211 having an electric parking brake device can be obtained, and the layout is improved.
- the worm gear 249 that is rotationally driven by the electric actuator 213 penetrates the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 215 in a liquid-tight manner.
- the drive shaft 253 of the electric actuator 213 drives the extension mechanism 221 provided in the liquid chamber 247 via the worm gear 249 penetrating the liquid chamber 247. That is, the power transmission element between the extension mechanism 221 and the worm gear 249 is in the brake fluid.
- the rotational motion of the drive shaft 253 is converted into an expansion motion (linear motion) in which the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are driven away from each other by the expansion mechanism 221 in which the nut member 251 is rotated by the worm gear 249.
- the extension mechanism 221 includes a screw engagement portion and a bearing portion 259, and these screw engagement portion and the bearing portion 259 are sealed in the liquid chamber 247.
- the meshing portion between the worm gear 249 rotated by the drive shaft 253 of the electric actuator 213 and the straight gear 261 of the nut member 251 is also lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the drum brake device 211 since the tooth surface is in sliding contact, the contact surface is easily heated and the efficiency is lowered, and the meshing portion of the worm gear 249 where the sliding portion resistance is likely to rise is also lower in a low temperature environment than grease lubrication. Changes in viscous resistance are unlikely to occur, and variations in rotational sliding resistance are reduced. Therefore, according to the drum brake device 211 according to the sixth embodiment, the transmission efficiency of the parking force is stabilized.
- the worm gear 249 penetrating the liquid chamber 247 is rotated by the drive shaft 253 when the parking brake is operated.
- the rotation of the worm gear 249 is transmitted to the straight gear 261 of the nut member 251.
- the inner female screw portion 257 is rotated with respect to the male screw portion 255 of the spindle 254.
- the rotation of the first piston 239 with which the spindle 254 is fitted coaxially is restricted, and the tip portion presses the first brake shoe 225 by the rotation of the female screw portion 257 screwed into the male screw portion 255.
- the upper end portion of the first brake shoe 225 is pushed out to the outer peripheral side and is pressed against the brake drum 229. Moreover, the nut member 251 and the bearing portion 259 are pushed out to the outer peripheral side by the reaction force, and the upper end portion of the second brake shoe 227 is pressed against the brake drum 229. As a result, braking force is generated by the first brake shoe 225 and the second brake shoe 227.
- Sliding surfaces of the extension mechanism 221 such as the screw engaging portion of the worm gear 249 and the straight gear 261, the screw engaging portion of the female screw portion 257 and the male screw portion 255, and the bearing portion 259 that contacts the nut member 251 are formed in the liquid chamber 247. Because there is a sufficient amount of brake fluid, it is lubricated. Therefore, the extension mechanism 221 is free from problems due to running out of lubricant during long-term use (for example, an increase in rotational resistance or wear on the sliding surface). That is, in the extension mechanism 221, the screw meshing portion of the female screw portion 257 and the male screw portion 255 that are in sliding contact where the sliding portion resistance is likely to rise is reliably lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the screw engagement portion has a sufficient amount of brake fluid with respect to the sliding surface, it is less likely to be affected by the deterioration of the lubrication performance due to the presence of wear powder, and the heat generation is suppressed and the efficiency is less likely to decrease.
- the female thread portion 257 communicates with the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 215 through the oil hole 299 drilled in the nut member 251.
- the screw engagement portion can be reliably lubricated with the brake fluid.
- the oil hole 299 is formed on the side opposite to the screw engaging portion of the nut member 251 formed in the shape of a cap nut, thereby improving the air bleedability of the internal space 256 of the nut member 251.
- the internal space 256 communicated with the liquid chamber 247 via the oil hole 299 is not hindered from changing in volume when the internal thread portion 257 of the nut member 251 and the external thread portion 255 of the spindle 254 are relatively rotated.
- the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 can be moved smoothly.
- the drive gear that meshes with the straight gear 261 of the nut member 251 is the worm gear 249 having irreversibility, so the nut member 251 due to the reaction force that the brake shoe receives. Is prevented from returning. Therefore, even if the power supply to the electric actuator 213 is stopped, the nut member 251 does not return and rotate and the parking brake braking is not released. Therefore, a reversible screw having a large lead can be used for the male screw portion 255 and the female screw portion 257 in the extension mechanism 221.
- FIG. 18 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of a drum brake device 280 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the drum brake device 280 according to the seventh embodiment is substantially the same except that the wheel cylinder 285 and the extension mechanism 282 are used instead of the wheel cylinder 215 and the extension mechanism 221 in the drum brake device 211 according to the sixth embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the extension mechanism 282 in the seventh embodiment includes a worm gear 249 and a nut member 283.
- the nut member 283 has a female screw portion 257 on one end side and a bearing portion 259 on the other end side. Further, a pair of O-rings 287 are arranged on both ends of the outer periphery of the nut member 283 with the straight gear 261 interposed therebetween, so that the space between the wheel cylinder 285 and the inner surface of the cylinder wall is liquid-tightly sealed. That is, the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 285 is divided into two parts by a pair of O-rings 287, the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241.
- the nut member 283 is provided with an oil hole 299 that allows the female screw portion 257 and the bearing portion 259 to communicate with each other.
- the cylinder wall of the wheel cylinder 285 in the housing 219 has an oil hole 288 communicating with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 and oil communicating with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the second piston 241.
- a hole 289 is formed and communicated with a master cylinder (not shown). Therefore, the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are driven by the extension mechanism 282 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake fluid pressure supplied to the two fluid chambers 247 of the wheel cylinder 285 when the service brake is operated.
- the screw engagement portion of the male screw portion 255 and the female screw portion 257 in the extension mechanism 282 is communicated with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241 in the housing 219, respectively.
- the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249 is not communicated with the liquid chamber 247 in the housing 219. Therefore, grease is filled between the cylinder wall inner surface of the wheel cylinder 285 and the straight gear 261, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249 is grease lubricated.
- FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of the wheel cylinder 295 in the drum brake device 291 according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the drum brake device 291 according to the eighth embodiment is substantially the same except that the wheel cylinder 295 and the extension mechanism 292 are used instead of the wheel cylinder 285 and the extension mechanism 282 in the drum brake device 280 according to the seventh embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the extension mechanism 292 in the eighth embodiment includes a worm gear 249 and a nut member 293.
- the nut member 293 has a female thread portion 257 on one end side and a bearing portion 259 on the other end side.
- a pair of O-rings 287 are disposed on both ends of the outer periphery of the nut member 293 with the straight gear 261 interposed therebetween, so that the space between the wheel cylinder 295 and the inner surface of the cylinder wall is liquid-tightly sealed. That is, the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 295 is divided into two parts by a pair of O-rings 287, the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241.
- the nut member 293 is provided with an oil hole 299 that communicates the female screw portion 257 and the bearing portion 259 on the other end side, and the male screw of the spindle 254A is coaxially fitted to the rear end portion of the first piston 239.
- An oil hole 298 is formed in the portion 255.
- an oil hole 297 communicating with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 is formed in the cylinder wall of the wheel cylinder 295 in the housing 219 and communicated with a master cylinder (not shown). Therefore, the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are driven by the extension mechanism 292 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake fluid pressure supplied to the two fluid chambers 247 of the wheel cylinder 295 when the service brake is operated.
- the screw engagement portion of the male screw portion 255 and the female screw portion 257 in the extension mechanism 292 communicates with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241 in the housing 219, respectively.
- the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249 is not communicated with the liquid chamber 247 in the housing 219. Therefore, grease is filled between the cylinder wall inner surface of the wheel cylinder 295 and the straight gear 261, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249 is grease lubricated.
- FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of a wheel cylinder 295A in a drum brake device 301 according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- the drum brake device 301 according to the ninth embodiment is substantially the same except that the wheel cylinder 295A and the extension mechanism 302 are used instead of the wheel cylinder 295 and the extension mechanism 292 in the drum brake device 291 according to the eighth embodiment. Therefore, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the extension mechanism 302 in the ninth embodiment has a worm gear 249 and a nut member 303.
- the nut member 303 has a female screw portion 257 on one end side and a bearing portion 259 on the other end side.
- a pair of O-rings 287 are disposed on both ends of the outer periphery of the nut member 303 with the straight gear 261 interposed therebetween, and the space between the wheel cylinder 295A and the cylinder wall inner surface is sealed in a liquid-tight manner. That is, the liquid chamber 247 of the wheel cylinder 295 ⁇ / b> A is divided into two parts by a pair of O-rings 287, the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241.
- the nut member 303 is provided with an oil hole 299 that communicates the female screw portion 257 and the bearing portion 259, and the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241.
- An oil hole 305 communicating with the liquid chamber 247 is formed.
- an oil hole 297 communicating with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 is formed in the cylinder wall of the wheel cylinder 295A in the housing 219 and communicated with a master cylinder (not shown). Accordingly, the first piston 239 and the second piston 241 are driven by the extension mechanism 302 when the parking brake is operated, and are driven by the brake fluid pressure supplied to the two fluid chambers 247 of the wheel cylinder 295A when the service brake is operated.
- the screw engagement portion of the male screw portion 255 and the female screw portion 257 in the extension mechanism 302 is communicated with the liquid chamber 247 on the rear end side of the first piston 239 and the rear end side of the second piston 241 in the housing 219, respectively.
- the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249 is not communicated with the liquid chamber 247 in the housing 219. Therefore, grease is filled between the cylinder wall inner surface of the wheel cylinder 295A and the straight gear 261, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249 is grease lubricated.
- the male screw portion 255 and the female screw portion 257 are likely to have an increased sliding portion resistance due to a change in the viscous resistance of grease in a low temperature environment.
- the screw meshing portion can be lubricated with brake fluid, and the meshing portion of the straight gear 261 and the worm gear 249, whose sliding portion resistance is relatively difficult to increase, can be lubricated with grease. Therefore, it is not necessary to dispose the worm gear 249 in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the liquid chamber 247, and the O-ring 263 (see FIG. 16B) provided between the housing 219 and the worm gear 249 becomes unnecessary.
- a pair of brake shoes (a first brake shoe 25 and a second brake shoe 27) that are disposed so as to face the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 29 and are movably supported by the backing plate 23, and the pair of brake shoes Between one adjacent end of the pair of brake shoes (first brake shoe 25 and second brake shoe 27) interposed between one adjacent end of the brake shoes (first brake shoe 25 and second brake shoe 27).
- a drum brake device 11 comprising: [2] The drum brake device 11 according to [1], wherein the extension mechanism 21 includes a drive gear (worm gear 49, final gear 77) rotated by a drive shaft 53 of the electric actuator, and the first piston.
- the drum brake device 11 communicates with the liquid chamber 47 of the wheel cylinder 15. [3] The drum brake device 11 configured as described in [2] above, wherein the nut member 51 is provided with an oil hole 99 communicating the female screw portion 57 and the bearing portion 59. .
- this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A deformation
- the material, shape, dimensions, number, arrangement location, and the like of each component in the above-described embodiment are arbitrary and are not limited as long as the present invention can be achieved.
- This application is based on a Japanese patent application filed on June 26, 2014 (Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-131521), the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the extension mechanism for the parking brake is disposed between the rear end portion of the first piston and the rear end portion of the second piston in the wheel cylinder.
- the first piston and the second piston are also used as the wheel cylinder and the extension mechanism, so that the electric parking brake device can be provided and the vehicle can be made compact.
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Abstract
Description
図21の(a)に示すように、この種のパーキングブレーキは、デュオサーボ式のドラムブレーキとして構成されており、ホイールキャリヤに配設された電機アクチュエータ501によって操作可能な浮動式に支承されたエキスパンディングロック503を有し、このエキスパンディングロック503が2つのブレーキシューに作用する。
また、図22に示した特許文献2における車両用ブレーキ装置550のように、サービスブレーキ用のホイールシリンダ551と、パーキングブレーキ用のアクチュエータ553とを一対のブレーキシュー555,557の上端部間に併設したものも提案されている。しかしながら、限られたドラム559内側の空間内にホイールシリンダ551とアクチュエータ553を併設しなければならず、図示しない回転部材であるハブも空間内に迫っており、レイアウト性がよくない。
(1) ブレーキドラムの内周面に対向するように配置されてバッキングプレートに移動可能に支持される一対のブレーキシューと、前記一対のブレーキシューの一方の隣接端間に介装され、前記一対のブレーキシューの一方の隣接端間を液圧によって第1ピストンの先端部と第2ピストンの先端部で押動して前記一対のブレーキシューを拡開させるためのホイールシリンダと、前記ホイールシリンダ内の前記第1ピストンの後端部と前記第2ピストンの後端部との間に配置され、一方向に回動されることで前記第1ピストンと前記第2ピストンとを離反方向に駆動する伸長機構と、前記伸長機構を回動するための電動アクチュエータと、を備えるドラムブレーキ装置。
伸長機構における少なくとも雌ねじ部と雄ねじ部のねじ噛合い部が、ホイールシリンダの液室に連通され、ブレーキ液で潤滑される。液室内にはブレーキ液の量が十分に存在するため、伸長機構のねじ噛合い部には、長期間使用時の潤滑剤切れによる問題(例えば、回転抵抗の上昇や摺動面の摩耗など)が発生しない。即ち、伸長機構は、摺動部抵抗が上昇し易いすべり接触である雌ねじ部と雄ねじ部のねじ噛み合い部が、ブレーキ液で確実に潤滑される。そこで、ねじ噛み合い部は、摺動面に対しブレーキ液の量が十分に存在するため、摩耗粉介在による潤滑性能の劣化の影響を受けにくくなると共に発熱が抑えられて効率低下が起きにくくなる。
図1~図3に示すように本発明の第1実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置11は、一対のブレーキシューである第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27と、第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27の一方(図1の(a),(b)中、上方)の隣接端間に介装されるホイールシリンダ15と、ホイールシリンダ15内の第1ピストン39の後端部と第2ピストン41の後端部との間に配置される伸長機構21と、伸長機構21を回動するための電動アクチュエータ13と、を主要部材として構成されている。
即ち、第1ピストン39および第2ピストン41は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構21により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ15の液室47に加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
本第1実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置11では、パーキングブレーキ用の伸長機構21が、ホイールシリンダ15内の第1ピストン39の後端部と第2ピストン41の後端部との間に配置され、サービスブレーキ用のホイールシリンダ15と略同一直線上にレイアウトされる。また、第1ピストン39及び第2ピストン41が、ホイールシリンダ15と伸長機構21に兼用されている。そこで、電動パーキングブレーキ装置を備えたコンパクトなドラムブレーキ装置11を得ることができ、レイアウト性が向上する。
従って、本第1実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置11によれば、パーキング力の伝達効率が安定する。
図7の(a)は平歯車群を有する電動シリンダ組立体69が備えられた本発明の第2実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置71を車輌取り付け面側から見た斜視図、図7の(b)は図7の(a)を異なる角度から見た斜視図である。図8は図7に示したハウジング73を取り除いた電動シリンダ組立体69の電動アクチュエータ13、伝達歯車装置75および伸長機構21の斜視図である。
本第2実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置71は、図8に示すように、電動シリンダ組立体69における駆動ギヤが、駆動軸53の回転を伝達する伝達歯車装置75の最終ギヤ77とされている。伝達歯車装置75は、駆動軸53に固定される平歯駆動ギヤ79と、この平歯駆動ギヤ79に噛合する平歯中間ギヤ81と、この平歯中間ギヤ81に噛合する平歯車からなる最終ギヤ77と、から構成される。最終ギヤ77は、ナット部材51のストレートギヤ61と噛合する。
なお、ナット部材51のストレートギヤ61に噛合する最終ギヤ77が、可逆性を有する平歯車なので、第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27が受ける反力によってのナット部材51の戻り回転を阻止するためには、伸長機構21における雄ねじ部55と雌ねじ部57には、リードの小さい非可逆ねじを用いることが望ましい。
本第3実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置80は、上記第1実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置11におけるホイールシリンダ15及び伸長機構21に換えて、ホイールシリンダ85及び伸長機構82を用いた以外は略同様の構成であるので、同部材に同符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
そこで、第1ピストン39および第2ピストン41は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構82により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ85の二つの液室47にそれぞれ加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
本第4実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置91は、上記第3実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置80におけるホイールシリンダ85及び伸長機構82に換えて、ホイールシリンダ95及び伸長機構92を用いた以外は略同様の構成であるので、同部材に同符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
そこで、第1ピストン39および第2ピストン41は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構92により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ95の二つの液室47にそれぞれ加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
本第5実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置101は、上記第3実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置91におけるホイールシリンダ95及び伸長機構92に換えて、ホイールシリンダ95A及び伸長機構102を用いた以外は略同様の構成であるので、同部材に同符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
そこで、第1ピストン39および第2ピストン41は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構102により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ95Aの二つの液室47にそれぞれ加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
ウォームギヤ249は、ホイールシリンダ215の液室247に対して液密に配置されている。
即ち、第1ピストン239および第2ピストン241は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構221により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ215の液室247に加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
本第6実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置211では、パーキングブレーキ用の伸長機構221が、ホイールシリンダ215内の第1ピストン239の後端部と第2ピストン241の後端部との間に配置され、サービスブレーキ用のホイールシリンダ215と略同一直線上にレイアウトされる。また、第1ピストン239及び第2ピストン241が、ホイールシリンダ215と伸長機構221に兼用されている。そこで、電動パーキングブレーキ装置を備えたコンパクトなドラムブレーキ装置211を得ることができ、レイアウト性が向上する。
従って、本第6実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置211によれば、パーキング力の伝達効率が安定する。
本第7実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置280は、上記第6実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置211におけるホイールシリンダ215及び伸長機構221に換えて、ホイールシリンダ285及び伸長機構282を用いた以外は略同様の構成であるので、同部材に同符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
そこで、第1ピストン239および第2ピストン241は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構282により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ285の二つの液室247にそれぞれ加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
本第8実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置291は、上記第7実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置280におけるホイールシリンダ285及び伸長機構282に換えて、ホイールシリンダ295及び伸長機構292を用いた以外は略同様の構成であるので、同部材に同符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
そこで、第1ピストン239および第2ピストン241は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構292により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ295の二つの液室247にそれぞれ加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
本第9実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置301は、上記第8実施形態に係るドラムブレーキ装置291におけるホイールシリンダ295及び伸長機構292に換えて、ホイールシリンダ295A及び伸長機構302を用いた以外は略同様の構成であるので、同部材に同符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。
そこで、第1ピストン239および第2ピストン241は、パーキングブレーキ作動時には伸長機構302により駆動され、サービスブレーキ作動時にはホイールシリンダ295Aの二つの液室247にそれぞれ加圧供給されるブレーキ液圧により駆動される。
[1] ブレーキドラム29の内周面に対向するように配置されてバッキングプレート23に移動可能に支持される一対のブレーキシュー(第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27)と、前記一対のブレーキシュー(第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27)の一方の隣接端間に介装され、前記一対のブレーキシュー(第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27)の一方の隣接端間を液圧によって第1ピストン39の先端部と第2ピストン41の先端部で押動して前記一対のブレーキシュー(第1ブレーキシュー25および第2ブレーキシュー27)を拡開させるためのホイールシリンダ15と、前記ホイールシリンダ15内の前記第1ピストン39の後端部と前記第2ピストン41の後端部との間に配置され、一方向に回動されることで前記第1ピストン39と前記第2ピストン41とを離反方向に駆動する伸長機構21と、前記伸長機構21を回動するための電動アクチュエータ13と、を備えることを特徴とするドラムブレーキ装置11。
[2] 上記[1]のドラムブレーキ装置11であって、前記伸長機構21が、前記電動アクチュエータの駆動軸53に回動される駆動ギヤ(ウォームギヤ49,最終ギヤ77)と、前記第1ピストン39の後端部に同軸で設けられた雄ねじ部55と螺合する雌ねじ部57が一端側に設けられると共に前記第2ピストン41の後端部と回転自在に当接する軸受部59が他端側に設けられ、外周に前記駆動ギヤ(ウォームギヤ49,最終ギヤ77)と噛合するストレートギヤ61が設けられたナット部材51と、を備え、前記伸長機構21における少なくとも前記雄ねじ部55と前記雌ねじ部57が、前記ホイールシリンダ15の液室47に連通されるドラムブレーキ装置11。
[3] 上記[2]の構成のドラムブレーキ装置11であって、前記ナット部材51には、前記雌ねじ部57と前記軸受部59とを連通するオイル孔99が穿設されるドラムブレーキ装置11。
[4] 上記[2]又は[3]のドラムブレーキ装置11であって、前記ストレートギヤ61と前記駆動ギヤ(ウォームギヤ49,最終ギヤ77)が、前記ホイールシリンダ15の液室47に連通されると共に、前記電動アクチュエータ13の駆動軸53が、前記ホイールシリンダ15の液室47に対して液密に配置されるドラムブレーキ装置11。
[5] 上記[2]~[4]の何れか1つのドラムブレーキ装置11であって、前記駆動ギヤが、前記駆動軸53に設けられたウォームギヤ49であるドラムブレーキ装置11。
[6] 上記[2]~[4]の何れか1つのドラムブレーキ装置71であって、前記駆動ギヤが、前記駆動軸53の回転を伝達する伝達歯車装置75の最終ギヤ77であるドラムブレーキ装置71。
また、本出願は、2014年6月26日出願の日本特許出願(特願2014-131521)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
13…電動アクチュエータ
15…ホイールシリンダ
21…伸長機構
23…バッキングプレート
25…第1ブレーキシュー(ブレーキシュー)
27…第2ブレーキシュー(ブレーキシュー)
29…ブレーキドラム
39…第1ピストン
41…第2ピストン
47…液室
49…ウォームギヤ(駆動ギヤ)
51…ナット部材
53…駆動軸
55…雄ねじ部
57…雌ねじ部
59…軸受部
61…ストレートギヤ
75…伝達歯車装置
77…最終ギヤ(駆動ギヤ)
Claims (6)
- ブレーキドラムの内周面に対向するように配置されてバッキングプレートに移動可能に支持される一対のブレーキシューと、
前記一対のブレーキシューの一方の隣接端間に介装され、前記一対のブレーキシューの一方の隣接端間を液圧によって第1ピストンの先端部と第2ピストンの先端部で押動して前記一対のブレーキシューを拡開させるためのホイールシリンダと、
前記ホイールシリンダ内の前記第1ピストンの後端部と前記第2ピストンの後端部との間に配置され、一方向に回動されることで前記第1ピストンと前記第2ピストンとを離反方向に駆動する伸長機構と、
前記伸長機構を回動するための電動アクチュエータと、
を備えるドラムブレーキ装置。 - 請求項1に記載のドラムブレーキ装置であって、
前記伸長機構が、前記電動アクチュエータの駆動軸に回動される駆動ギヤと、前記第1ピストンの後端部に同軸で設けられた雄ねじ部と螺合する雌ねじ部が一端側に設けられると共に前記第2ピストンの後端部と回転自在に当接する軸受部が他端側に設けられ、外周に前記駆動ギヤと噛合するストレートギヤが設けられたナット部材と、を備え、
前記伸長機構における少なくとも前記雄ねじ部と前記雌ねじ部が、前記ホイールシリンダの液室に連通されるドラムブレーキ装置。 - 請求項2に記載のドラムブレーキ装置であって、
前記ナット部材には、前記雌ねじ部と前記軸受部とを連通するオイル孔が穿設されるドラムブレーキ装置。 - 請求項2又は3に記載のドラムブレーキ装置であって、
前記ストレートギヤと前記駆動ギヤが、前記ホイールシリンダの液室に連通されると共に、前記電動アクチュエータの駆動軸が、前記ホイールシリンダの液室に対して液密に配置されるドラムブレーキ装置。 - 請求項2~4の何れか1項に記載のドラムブレーキ装置であって、
前記駆動ギヤが、前記駆動軸に設けられたウォームギヤであるドラムブレーキ装置。 - 請求項2~4の何れか1項に記載のドラムブレーキ装置であって、
前記駆動ギヤが、前記駆動軸の回転を伝達する伝達歯車装置の最終ギヤであるドラムブレーキ装置。
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JPWO2015199237A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
JP6254697B2 (ja) | 2017-12-27 |
EP3163113A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
EP3163113B1 (en) | 2020-06-03 |
EP3163113A4 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
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