WO2015163277A1 - セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収容装置 - Google Patents
セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収容装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015163277A1 WO2015163277A1 PCT/JP2015/061972 JP2015061972W WO2015163277A1 WO 2015163277 A1 WO2015163277 A1 WO 2015163277A1 JP 2015061972 W JP2015061972 W JP 2015061972W WO 2015163277 A1 WO2015163277 A1 WO 2015163277A1
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- cell stack
- sealing material
- cell
- fuel cell
- fuel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
- H01M8/2485—Arrangements for sealing external manifolds; Arrangements for mounting external manifolds around a stack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/028—Sealing means characterised by their material
- H01M8/0282—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/243—Grouping of unit cells of tubular or cylindrical configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cell stack device, a module, and a module housing device.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a cell stack device, a module, and a module housing device with improved reliability.
- the cell stack device of the present invention includes a cell stack formed by arranging a plurality of cells, and a manifold that fixes one end of the cell, and the cells and the manifold are fixed with a sealing material,
- the sealing material has a concave meniscus structure, and at least a part of each sealing material between the plurality of cells is formed from the tip of the meniscus.
- a perpendicular line drawn toward the manifold, and a straight line connecting the tip part and a point located at half the height from the concave bottom part to the tip part of the concave outline of the meniscus Is characterized in that the angle ⁇ is 45 ° or less.
- the module of the present invention is characterized in that the cell stack device having the above-described configuration is accommodated in a storage container.
- the module housing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a module configured as described above and an auxiliary machine for operating the module are housed in an exterior case.
- the cell stack device of the present invention can be a cell stack device with improved reliability.
- the module of the present invention can be a module with improved reliability.
- the module housing apparatus of the present invention can be a module housing apparatus with improved reliability.
- the cell stack apparatus of this embodiment is shown, (a) is a side view schematically showing the cell stack apparatus, and (b) is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of (a). It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the site
- FIG. 1A and 1B show a cell stack device of the present embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a side view schematically showing the cell stack device, and FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of FIG.
- FIG. 1A is a side view schematically showing the cell stack device
- FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of FIG.
- the same components are described using the same reference numerals.
- FIG. 1 is a fuel cell stack device in which a plurality of fuel cells as cells are arranged.
- a fuel cell is used as a cell.
- a battery cell will be described as an example.
- the cell stack apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a gas flow path 14 inside, and a cross section having a pair of opposed flat surfaces is flat and on one flat surface of a columnar conductive support 13 as a whole.
- the fuel electrode layer 9 as the inner electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer 10, and the air electrode layer 11 as the outer electrode layer are sequentially laminated, and the air electrode layer 11 is not formed on the other flat surface.
- a cell stack 2 including a plurality of columnar fuel cells 3 formed by stacking interconnectors 12 at a site is provided. And the fuel cell 3 is electrically connected in series by arrange
- a conductive bonding material 15 is provided on the outer surface of the interconnector 12 and the outer surface of the air electrode layer 11, and the conductive member 4 is connected to the air electrode layer 11 and the interconnector 12 via the bonding material 15.
- each fuel cell 3 which comprises the cell stack 2 is being fixed to the manifold 7 for supplying reaction gas to the fuel cell 3 via the gas flow path 14 with the sealing materials 16, such as glass. .
- the sealing material 16 will be described later.
- a hydrogen-containing gas fuel gas
- the elastically deformable conductive member 5 whose lower end is fixed to the manifold 7 so as to sandwich the cell stack 2 from both ends in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3 (X direction shown in FIG. 1) via the conductive member 4. It has.
- the conductive member 5 shown in FIG. 1 has a shape that extends outward along the direction in which the fuel cells 3 are arranged to draw out current generated by power generation of the cell stack 2 (fuel cells 3).
- a current drawing portion 6 is provided.
- the temperature of the fuel cell 3 is configured by burning the fuel gas (excess fuel gas) discharged from the gas flow path 14 on the upper end side of the fuel cell 3. Can be raised. Thereby, the start-up of the cell stack apparatus 1 can be accelerated.
- the fuel electrode layer 9 generally known materials can be used, and porous conductive ceramics, for example, ZrO 2 in which a rare earth element oxide is dissolved (referred to as stabilized zirconia, partially stable). And Ni and / or NiO.
- the solid electrolyte layer 10 has a function as an electrolyte that bridges electrons between the electrodes, and at the same time, has to have a gas barrier property in order to prevent leakage between the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas. It is formed from ZrO 2 in which 3 to 15 mol% of a rare earth element oxide is dissolved. In addition, as long as it has the said characteristic, you may form using another material etc.
- the air electrode layer 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used.
- the air electrode layer 11 can be formed of a conductive ceramic made of a so-called ABO 3 type perovskite oxide.
- the air electrode layer 11 is required to have gas permeability and preferably has an open porosity of 20% or more, particularly 30 to 50%.
- the interconnector 12 can be formed from conductive ceramics, it is required to have reduction resistance and oxidation resistance because it is in contact with a fuel gas (hydrogen-containing gas) and an oxygen-containing gas (air, etc.). Therefore, a lanthanum chromite-based perovskite oxide (LaCrO 3 -based oxide) is preferably used.
- the interconnector 12 must be dense to prevent leakage of fuel gas flowing through the plurality of gas flow paths 14 formed in the conductive support 13 and oxygen-containing gas flowing outside the conductive support 13. Preferably, it has a relative density of 93% or more, particularly 95% or more.
- the conductive support 13 is required to be gas permeable in order to allow the fuel gas to permeate to the fuel electrode layer 9 and to be conductive in order to collect current via the interconnector 12. . Therefore, as the conductive support 13, it is necessary to adopt a material satisfying such a requirement as a material, and for example, conductive ceramics, cermet, or the like can be used.
- an iron group metal component and a specific rare earth oxide Y 2 O 3
- the conductive support 13 is preferably formed from Yb 2 O 3 or the like.
- the conductive support 13 preferably has an open porosity of 30% or more, particularly 35 to 50% in order to provide the required gas permeability, and the conductivity is 300 S / cm or more. In particular, it is preferably 440 S / cm or more.
- the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode layer 11 are firmly joined between the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode layer 11, and the components of the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode are An intermediate layer can also be provided for the purpose of suppressing the formation of a reaction layer having a high electrical resistance by reacting with the components of the layer 11.
- the intermediate layer can be formed with a composition containing Ce (cerium) and other rare earth elements, for example, (1): (CeO 2 ) 1-x (REO 1.5 ) x
- RE is at least one of Sm, Y, Yb, and Gd
- x is a number that satisfies 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.3. It is preferable to have the composition represented by these. Further, from the viewpoint of reducing electric resistance, it is preferable to use Sm or Gd as RE, and for example, it is preferably made of CeO 2 in which 10 to 20 mol% of SmO 1.5 or GdO 1.5 is dissolved. .
- the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the air electrode layer 11 are firmly bonded, and the components of the solid electrolyte layer 10 and the components of the air electrode layer 11 react to form a reaction layer having high electrical resistance.
- the intermediate layer may be formed of two layers.
- an adhesion layer is provided between the interconnector 12 and the conductive support 13 to reduce the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the interconnector 12 and the conductive support 13. It can also be provided.
- the adhesion layer can have a composition similar to that of the fuel electrode layer 9, for example, ZrO 2 (referred to as stabilized zirconia) in which a rare earth element oxide such as YSZ is dissolved, Ni and / or NiO Can be formed from Note that the volume ratio of ZrO 2 in which the rare earth element oxide is dissolved and Ni and / or NiO is preferably in the range of 40:60 to 60:40.
- ZrO 2 referred to as stabilized zirconia
- Ni and / or NiO can be formed from Note that the volume ratio of ZrO 2 in which the rare earth element oxide is dissolved and Ni and / or NiO is preferably in the range of 40:60 to 60:40.
- each fuel cell 3 is fixed to the manifold 7 with a sealing material 16.
- a sealing material 16 depending on the shape of the sealing material 16, there is a problem that cracks occur at the joint between the sealing material 16 and the fuel battery cell 3 due to deformation accompanying reduction of the fuel battery cell 3.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion indicated by a broken line A shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the configuration of the manifold 7 is omitted.
- the sealing material 16 in FIG. 2 has a concave meniscus structure. That is, the sealing material 16 has a concave outline, has a bottom 17 near the center between the fuel cells 3, and the sealing material 16 is provided so as to crawl up from the bottom 17 toward the fuel cells 3. ing.
- the fuel cell 3 may be deformed to contract during reduction or the like.
- stress toward the sealing material 16 is generated in the fuel cell 3 as the shrinkage is inhibited by the sealing material 16.
- the sealing material 16 is pulled as the fuel cell 3 contracts, thereby generating a stress toward the fuel cell 3 side.
- An angle ⁇ formed by a straight line (shown by a broken line in the figure) connecting the point 19 located at half the height from the concave bottom 17 to the tip 18 and the tip 17 is set to 45 ° or less.
- the angle ⁇ is 30 ° or less.
- the tip 18 of the sealing material 16 is a perpendicular drawn from the concave outline toward the fuel cell 3 when the distance between the concave bottom 17 of the sealing material 16 and the fuel cell 3 is w.
- the angle ⁇ may be obtained by drawing a straight line or a perpendicular from the intersection of the tip 18 and the fuel cell 3 as a starting point where the portion where the length of the tip is 18% is regarded as the tip 18.
- the sealing material 16 is preferably a material having insulating properties and heat resistance of 800 to 1000 ° C., for example, glass (particularly amorphous glass or glass containing crystal), cement, and the like. Etc. can be used.
- the sealing material 16 between the fuel cells 3 is the above meniscus structure
- the sealing material 16 between the fuel cells 3 at which cracks are easily generated has the above structure.
- stress due to deformation or the like of the fuel cell 3 may be strongly generated in the fuel cell 3 located on the end side along the arrangement direction of the fuel cell 3.
- cracks are likely to occur in the fuel cells 3 located on the end side along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3. Therefore, the structure of the sealing material 16 between the fuel cells 3 on the end side along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3 can be the meniscus structure described above.
- it is good to investigate beforehand between the fuel cell 3 in which a crack is likely to occur, and to make the sealing material 16 between the fuel cells 3 in which a crack is likely to occur have the above-described structure.
- the structure of the sealing material 16 in all the fuel cells 3 is the above meniscus structure. be able to.
- the angle ⁇ in the seal material 16 where the stress is particularly strong is made smaller than the angle ⁇ in the seal material 16 in other sites. be able to.
- the reliability of the cell stack device 1 as a whole can be improved.
- the angle ⁇ of the sealing material 16 on the end side in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3 may be made smaller than the angle ⁇ of the sealing material 16 on the center side in the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3.
- the height of the sealing material 16 is low with respect to the thickness t of the fuel cell 3, the volume of the tip of the sealing material is reduced, and deformation such as reduction of the fuel cell 3 is sufficiently performed by the sealing material 16. It becomes difficult to suppress. Therefore, for example, when the height from the concave bottom portion 17 to the tip end portion 18 of the sealing material 16 is h and the thickness of the fuel cell 3 is t, it is set to satisfy h ⁇ t / 3. Can do. In order to suppress deformation more effectively, it can be set to satisfy h ⁇ t / 2.
- the upper limit value of the height of the sealing material 16 (the height of the tip) is a height that does not contact the air electrode layer 11 or the conductive member 4 of the fuel cell 3 in consideration of the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 3. It can be.
- the deformation accompanying the reduction of the fuel cell 3 or the like is less than the thickness direction t of the fuel cell 3.
- the size increases in the width direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1B, hereinafter simply referred to as the width direction) which is a direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the fuel cells. Therefore, when the joint portion between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 is viewed along the width direction of the fuel cell 3, cracks may easily occur on the end side in the width direction of the fuel cell 3. is there.
- the angle ⁇ of the joint portion between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 on the end side in the width direction of the fuel cell 3 is set to be the same as that of the fuel cell 3 on the center side in the width direction of the fuel cell 3 and the seal.
- the angle ⁇ of the joint portion with the material 16 can be made smaller. Thereby, generation
- FIG. 3 is an external perspective view showing an example of a fuel cell module (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a module) provided with the cell stack device 1 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the cell stack device 1 of the present embodiment is stored inside the storage container 21.
- a reformer 22 for generating fuel gas to be supplied to the fuel cell 3 is disposed above the cell stack device 1.
- 3 shows the case where the cell stack apparatus 1 includes two cell stacks 2.
- the number of the cell stack apparatuses 1 can be changed as appropriate. For example, even if only one cell stack 2 is provided. Good. Further, the cell stack apparatus 1 may include the reformer 22.
- the fuel cell 3 is a hollow flat plate type having a plurality of fuel gas passages through which fuel gas flows in the longitudinal direction.
- a fuel electrode layer is formed on the surface of the support having the fuel gas passages.
- 1 illustrates a solid oxide fuel cell 3 in which a solid electrolyte layer and an oxygen electrode layer are sequentially laminated. An oxygen-containing gas flows between the fuel cells 3.
- raw gas such as natural gas or kerosene supplied through the raw fuel supply pipe 26 is reformed to generate fuel gas.
- the reformer 22 preferably has a structure capable of performing steam reforming, which is an efficient reforming reaction.
- the reformer 22 reforms the raw fuel into fuel gas, and a vaporizer 23 for vaporizing water.
- a reforming section 24 in which a reforming catalyst (not shown) is disposed.
- the fuel gas generated by the reformer 22 is supplied to the manifold 7 via a fuel gas distribution pipe 26 (corresponding to the fuel gas supply pipe 8 shown in FIG. 1), and the interior of the fuel cell 3 is supplied from the manifold 7. Is supplied to the fuel gas flow path provided in the.
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which a part (front and rear surfaces) of the storage container 21 is removed and the cell stack device 1 stored inside is taken out rearward.
- the cell stack device 1 can be slid and stored in the storage container 21.
- oxygen is disposed between the cell stacks 2 juxtaposed on the manifold 7, so that the oxygen-containing gas flows from the lower end portion toward the upper end portion of the fuel cell 3.
- a contained gas introduction member 27 is disposed.
- the storage container 21 constituting the module 20 has a double structure having an inner wall 28 and an outer wall 29, and an outer frame of the storage container 21 is formed by the outer wall 29, and a cell stack is formed by the inner wall 28.
- a power generation chamber 30 that houses the device 1 is formed.
- the storage container 21 is provided with an oxygen-containing gas inlet (not shown) for allowing oxygen-containing gas to flow into the upper end side from the upper portion of the storage container 21 and a flange portion 40, and a fuel at the lower end portion.
- An oxygen-containing gas introduction member 27 provided with an oxygen-containing gas outlet 31 for introducing an oxygen-containing gas at the lower end of the battery cell 3 is inserted through the inner wall 28 and fixed.
- a heat insulating member 32 is disposed between the flange portion 40 and the inner wall 28.
- the oxygen-containing gas introduction member 27 is arranged so as to be positioned between two cell stacks 2 juxtaposed inside the storage container 21, but is appropriately arranged depending on the number of cell stacks 2. can do.
- two oxygen-containing gas introduction members 27 can be provided and disposed so as to sandwich the cell stack 2 from both side surfaces.
- the temperature in the module 20 is maintained at a high temperature so that the heat in the module 20 is extremely dissipated and the temperature of the fuel cell 3 (cell stack 2) is lowered and the power generation amount is not reduced.
- a heat insulating member 32 is provided as appropriate.
- the heat insulating member 32 is preferably disposed in the vicinity of the cell stack 2.
- the heat insulating member 32 is disposed on the side of the cell stack 2 along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3, and the fuel cell on the side of the cell stack 2. It is preferable to arrange the heat insulating member 32 having a width equal to or greater than the width along the three arrangement directions. In addition, it is preferable to arrange the heat insulating members 32 on both side surfaces of the cell stack 2. Thereby, it can suppress effectively that the temperature of the cell stack 2 falls.
- the oxygen-containing gas introduced from the oxygen-containing gas introduction member 27 can be prevented from being discharged from the side surface side of the cell stack 2, and the flow of oxygen-containing gas between the fuel cells 3 constituting the cell stack 2. Can be promoted.
- the flow of the oxygen-containing gas supplied to the fuel cell 3 is adjusted, and the longitudinal direction of the cell stack 2 and the stacking direction of the fuel cell 3 are adjusted.
- An opening 33 is provided to reduce the temperature distribution at.
- an exhaust gas inner wall 34 is provided on the inner side of the inner wall 28 along the arrangement direction of the fuel cells 3, and the exhaust gas in the power generation chamber 30 extends from above between the inner wall 28 and the exhaust gas inner wall 34.
- the exhaust gas flow path 37 flows downward.
- the exhaust gas passage 37 communicates with an exhaust hole 35 provided at the bottom of the storage container 21.
- a heat insulating member 32 is also provided on the cell stack 2 side of the exhaust gas inner wall 34.
- the exhaust hole 35 may be formed by cutting out a part of the bottom of the storage container 21, or may be formed by providing a tubular member.
- thermocouple 39 for measuring the temperature in the vicinity of the cell stack 2 is provided inside the oxygen-containing gas introduction member 27, and the temperature measuring portion 38 is the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the fuel cell 3 and the fuel cell. 3 are arranged so as to be located at the center in the arrangement direction.
- the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas that have not been used for power generation discharged from the fuel gas flow path in the fuel cell 3 are transferred to the upper end of the fuel cell 3 and the reformer 22. It is possible to raise and maintain the temperature of the fuel cell 3 by burning between the two.
- the reformer 22 disposed above the fuel cell 3 (cell stack 2) can be warmed, and the reformer 22 can efficiently perform the reforming reaction.
- the temperature in the module 20 becomes about 500 to 800 ° C. with the combustion and power generation of the fuel cell 3.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the fuel cell device of the present embodiment in which the module 20 shown in FIG. 3 and an auxiliary machine (not shown) for operating the module 20 are housed in an outer case.
- FIG. 5 a part of the configuration is omitted.
- the fuel cell device 41 shown in FIG. 5 divides the interior of the outer case composed of the columns 42 and the outer plate 43 by a partition plate 44, and the upper side serves as a module storage chamber 45 for storing the module 20 described above.
- the lower side is configured as an auxiliary equipment storage chamber 46 for storing auxiliary equipment for operating the module 20.
- the auxiliary machine stored in the auxiliary machine storage chamber 46 is omitted.
- the partition plate 44 is provided with an air circulation port 44 for flowing the air in the auxiliary machine storage chamber 46 to the module storage chamber 45 side, and a part of the exterior plate 43 constituting the module storage chamber 45 An exhaust port 48 for exhausting air in the module storage chamber 45 is provided.
- the module 20 with improved long-term reliability is stored in the module storage chamber 45, and the auxiliary machine for operating the module 20 is stored in the auxiliary machine storage chamber 46.
- the fuel cell device 41 with improved long-term reliability can be obtained.
- a fuel cell in which an air electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer are disposed on a conductive support may be used.
- the fuel electrode layer 9, the solid electrolyte layer 10, and the air electrode layer 11 are laminated on the conductive support 13, but the fuel electrode layer 9 itself is not used without using the conductive support 13.
- a solid electrolyte layer 10 and an air electrode layer 11 may be provided on the fuel electrode layer 9 as a support.
- the present invention can be applied to a horizontally-striped bundle formed by combining a plurality of so-called horizontally-striped fuel cell stacks in which a plurality of power generation element portions each having an air electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a fuel electrode layer are formed on a support. it can.
- hydrogen and water are obtained by electrolyzing water vapor (water) by applying water vapor and voltage to the cell.
- the present invention can also be applied to an electrolysis cell (SOEC) that generates oxygen (O 2 ), an electrolysis cell stack device including the electrolysis cell, an electrolysis module, and an electrolysis device that is a module housing device.
- SOEC electrolysis cell
- O 2 oxygen
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing a simulation result obtained by investigating a portion where the stress at the joint portion between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 becomes zero.
- the fuel cell 3 includes a fuel electrode layer 9 containing ZrO 2 in which Ni (NiO) and yttria are solid-dissolved in a conductive support 13 having a flat cross section containing Ni and Y 2 O 3 , and A fuel cell having the structure shown in FIG. 1, comprising a solid electrolyte layer 10 made of ZrO 2 in which 8 mol% of yttria is dissolved, an air electrode layer 11 made of LaSrCoFe, and an interconnector 12 made of LaCrO 3 . Cell 3 was used. Further, glass was used as the sealing material 16.
- the vertical axis indicates the portion where the stress ( ⁇ xx ) between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 is 0, and the horizontal axis indicates the meniscus angle ⁇ .
- the joint portion between the tip of the meniscus and the fuel cell 3 is shown as 0, and when it is located above the 0 line, the stress ( ⁇ between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 ( ⁇ The portion where xx ) is 0 is in the fuel cell 3 above the junction between the tip of the meniscus and the fuel cell 3, in other words, the junction between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 is tensile stress. Is meant to be.
- the fact that the joint between the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16 becomes compressive stress means that the stress is generated toward the fuel cell 3 and the sealing material 16, respectively. I mean.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of a simulation performed on the relationship between the thickness of the fuel cell 3 and the height of the seal material 16 using the fuel cell 3 and the seal material 16 described above.
- the vertical axis indicates the degree of deformation of the fuel cell 3.
- the degree of deformation means the degree of deformation toward the inside of the fuel cell 3.
- the horizontal axis indicates the distance from the tip of the sealing material 16.
- Fuel cell stack device 3 Fuel cell 7: Manifold 16: Sealing material 18: Tip 20: Fuel cell module 41: Fuel cell device
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Abstract
Description
(1):(CeO2)1-x(REO1.5)x
式中、REはSm、Y、Yb、Gdの少なくとも1種であり、xは0<x≦0.3を満足する数。
で表される組成を有していることが好ましい。さらには、電気抵抗を低減するという点から、REとしてSmやGdを用いることが好ましく、例えば10~20モル%のSmO1.5またはGdO1.5が固溶したCeO2からなることが好ましい。
3:燃料電池セル
7:マニホールド
16:シール材
18:先端部
20:燃料電池モジュール
41:燃料電池装置
Claims (7)
- 複数個のセルを配列してなるセルスタックと、該セルの一端を固定するマニホールドとを備え、前記セルと前記マニホールドとがシール材にて固定されているとともに、前記セルの配列方向に沿った断面視において、前記シール材が、凹型のメニスカス構造であって、
複数個の前記セル間におけるそれぞれの前記シール材のうち少なくとも一部が、前記メニスカスの先端部から前記マニホールドに向けて引いた垂線と、前記メニスカスの凹状の外形線のうち、前記凹状の底部から前記先端部までの高さの半分の高さに位置する点と前記先端部とを結ぶ直線とのなす角度θが45°以下であることを特徴とするセルスタック装置。 - 全ての前記セル間における前記シール材において、前記角度θが45°以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のセルスタック装置。
- 前記セルスタックの前記セルの配列方向における端部側の前記セル間におけるシール材の前記角度θが、前記セルスタックの前記セルの配列方向における中央部側の前記セル間におけるシール材の前記角度θよりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のセルスタック装置。
- 前記シール材の凹状の底部から前記先端部までの高さをhとし、前記セルの厚みをtとしたときに、h≧t/3を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれかに記載のセルスタック装置。
- 前記セルの配列方向に垂直な方向である前記セルの幅方向における端部側の前記角度θが、前記セルの幅方向における中央部側の前記角度θよりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のうちいずれかに記載のセルスタック装置。
- 収納容器内に、請求項1乃至請求項5のうちいずれかに記載のセルスタック装置を収容してなることを特徴とするモジュール。
- 外装ケース内に、請求項6に記載のモジュールと、該モジュールの運転を行なうための補機とを収納してなることを特徴とするモジュール収容装置。
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CN201580020744.2A CN106233519B (zh) | 2014-04-21 | 2015-04-20 | 电池堆装置、模块以及模块收容装置 |
EP15782598.5A EP3136491A4 (en) | 2014-04-21 | 2015-04-20 | Cell stack device, module, and module housing device |
US15/305,170 US9876250B2 (en) | 2014-04-21 | 2015-04-20 | Cell stack device, module, and module housing device |
JP2016514917A JP6243519B2 (ja) | 2014-04-21 | 2015-04-20 | セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収容装置 |
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WO2018079665A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収納装置 |
JP2018185985A (ja) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-22 | 京セラ株式会社 | セルスタック装置、モジュールおよびモジュール収容装置 |
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