WO2015162864A1 - 予備成形体および軸対称部品の製造方法 - Google Patents
予備成形体および軸対称部品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015162864A1 WO2015162864A1 PCT/JP2015/001968 JP2015001968W WO2015162864A1 WO 2015162864 A1 WO2015162864 A1 WO 2015162864A1 JP 2015001968 W JP2015001968 W JP 2015001968W WO 2015162864 A1 WO2015162864 A1 WO 2015162864A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- plate material
- preform
- peripheral edge
- manufacturing
- side heater
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/06—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution rings of restricted axial length
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/02—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution discs; disc wheels
- B21H1/04—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution discs; disc wheels with rim, e.g. railways wheels or pulleys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a preform for an axisymmetric part and a method for manufacturing an axisymmetric part from the preform.
- an axisymmetric part 100 having a symmetrical shape around the central axis 101 as shown in FIG. 10 is used in various machines.
- Some axisymmetric parts 100 include a tapered portion 110 and a flange portion 120 that protrudes inwardly from a large diameter portion of the tapered portion 110.
- Such an axisymmetric component 100 includes, for example, an aircraft component.
- the axially symmetric component 100 having the inward flange portion 120 as shown in FIG. 10 cannot be manufactured by press molding because there are hollow portions covered from both sides of the axially symmetric component 100 in the axial direction. Therefore, as a method of manufacturing the axially symmetric part 100, for example, it is conceivable that a block 150 having a size including the axially symmetric part 100 is produced by forging and the axially symmetric part 100 is cut out from the block 150.
- the production of the block 150 requires a much larger amount of material than the volume of the axisymmetric component 100. For this reason, a manufacturing cost becomes high. From the viewpoint of reducing manufacturing costs, it is desirable to reduce the amount of materials used. In particular, in aircraft parts, a titanium alloy is sometimes used as a material from the viewpoint of weight reduction, and therefore there is a strong demand for reducing the amount of expensive titanium alloy used. Therefore, it is desired to manufacture a preform having a shape similar to that of the axially symmetric part 100, capable of cutting the axially symmetric part 100.
- the thickness of the tapered portion of the preform is set to the taper of the axisymmetric component 100. It is necessary to make it thicker than the thickness from the portion 110 to the tip of the flange portion 120. It is difficult to form such a thick tapered portion by spinning molding.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a preform that can manufacture a preform for an axisymmetric part having an inward flange portion from a plate material, and manufactures an axisymmetric part from the preform. It aims to provide a way to do.
- the method for producing a preform according to the present invention produces a preform for an axisymmetric part having a tapered portion and a flange portion projecting inwardly from a large diameter portion of the tapered portion.
- a method of ironing in which a deformation target portion of the plate material is locally heated while rotating the plate material, and a processing tool is pressed against the deformation target portion to form a predetermined range of the plate material into a tapered shape. And rotating the plate material while locally heating the peripheral edge, which is the tapered end of the plate material, and pushing the peripheral edge in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the peripheral edge. And a thickening step of inflating the peripheral portion inward by pressing a forming roller against the portion.
- the part including the taper part of the axially symmetric part in a preforming body can be shape
- the inward flange part of the axially symmetric part in a preforming body is included by an increase in thickness process.
- the part can be molded. Therefore, a preform for an axisymmetric part having an inward flange portion can be manufactured from the plate material.
- the predetermined range may be from a specific position of the plate material to a peripheral portion. According to this configuration, the amount of material used can be minimized.
- the predetermined range may be from a specific position of the plate material to the vicinity of the peripheral edge.
- the method for manufacturing a preform may include a cutting step for cutting an outer portion of the plate material in the predetermined range between the ironing step and the thickening step.
- the deformation target portion of the plate material may be heated by induction heating, and in the thickening process step, the peripheral portion of the plate material may be heated by induction heating.
- the deformation The target part may be heated. According to this configuration, for example, even when the plate material is thick, the plate material can be processed satisfactorily in the ironing process.
- Each of the front side heater and the back side heater may include a double arc-shaped coil portion along the plate material that extends in the rotation direction of the plate material. According to this structure, the local heating of the deformation
- a peripheral portion of the plate member may be heated using the back side heater or the front side heater. According to this structure, it is not necessary to separately prepare a heater in the thickening process.
- the forming roller may have a cylindrical pressing surface extending in the rotation axis direction of the forming roller, and a ring-shaped guide surface extending radially outward from one end portion of the pressing surface. According to this configuration, the bulge of the peripheral portion due to the pressing can be restricted to only one direction by the guide surface while the peripheral portion of the plate material is pressed by the pressing surface.
- the plate material may be made of a titanium alloy. Steel, aluminum alloy, and the like gradually decrease in yield strength (stress that initiates plastic deformation) as the temperature rises. However, in titanium alloys, the yield strength decreases significantly in a certain temperature range. Therefore, if the plate material is heated at a temperature higher than the temperature range, only a narrow range including the heated portion can be deformed in each of the ironing process and the thickening process.
- the axisymmetric part may be an aircraft part.
- the manufacturing method of the preform may include a step of removing residual stress by heat-treating the plate material between the ironing step and the thickening step. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the risk of deformation and cracking of the plate material in the thickening process.
- the method for manufacturing an axisymmetric part according to the present invention is a method in which the preform obtained by the above-described method for manufacturing a preform is heat-treated to remove residual stress, and then the axisymmetric part is machined from the preform. It is characterized by shaving. According to this configuration, the axially symmetric part can be manufactured at low cost.
- a preform for an axisymmetric part having an inward flange portion can be manufactured from a plate material.
- FIG. 1A to 1C are views for explaining a method of manufacturing a preform according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- It is a schematic block diagram of the preforming body manufacturing apparatus used at an ironing process. It is sectional drawing of a back side heater and a front side heater. 4A is a plan view of the back side heater, and FIG. 4B is a bottom view of the front side heater.
- It is a schematic block diagram of the preforming body manufacturing apparatus used at a thickening process.
- 6A and 6B are partial cross-sectional views of the forming roller, FIG. 6A shows a state before the thickening process, and FIG. 6B shows a state after the thickening process.
- 8A to 8C are views for explaining a method of manufacturing a preform according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 9A and 9B are diagrams for explaining a method of manufacturing a preform according to another embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the axisymmetric component which has an inward flange part.
- a preform 98 shown in FIG. 1C is manufactured from the plate material 9 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the preform 98 is for the axially symmetric part 8 and has a shape similar to that of the axially symmetric part 8 capable of cutting the axially symmetric part 8.
- the method for manufacturing the preform 98 according to the first embodiment includes an ironing process shown in FIG. 1B and a thickening process shown in FIG. 1C.
- FIG. 1B an ironing process shown in FIG. 1B
- FIG. 1C a thickening process shown in FIG. 1C.
- the axially symmetric part 8 has a symmetrical shape around the central axis 80. More specifically, the axially symmetric component 8 includes a tapered portion 81 and a flange portion 82 that protrudes inward from the large diameter portion of the tapered portion 81.
- the axially symmetric part 8 is, for example, an aircraft part. Examples of such aircraft parts include flow path walls used in aircraft gas turbine engines.
- the angle of the tapered portion 81 is not particularly limited. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the taper part 81 does not necessarily need to be linear, and may be curvilinear or stepped. The angle between the flange part 82 and the taper part 81 is not specifically limited, Any of an acute angle, a right angle, and an obtuse angle may be sufficient. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of the flange part 82 does not necessarily need to be linear, may be curved, or may be stepped.
- a predetermined range A (see FIG. 1B) of the plate 9 is tapered into a taper 95 while rotating the plate 9 using a preformed body manufacturing apparatus 1A as shown in FIG. Mold.
- the predetermined range A is formed into the tapered shape 95 by locally heating the deformation target portion 92 in the plate member 9 and pressing the processing tool 10 against the deformation target portion 92.
- the local heating of the deformation target portion 92 is performed by induction heating using the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5.
- the back heater 4 is disposed on the opposite side of the processing tool 10 with the plate material 9 interposed therebetween, and the front heater 5 is disposed on the same side as the processing tool 10 with respect to the plate material 9.
- the local heating of the deformation target portion 92 may be performed by only one of the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5. That is, the preformed body manufacturing apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A may have only one of the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5.
- the local heating of the deformation target portion 92 may be performed using, for example, a gas burner.
- the preformed body manufacturing apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A sandwiches the plate 9 together with the rotating shaft 21 that rotates the plate 9, the receiving jig 22 that is attached to the rotating shaft 21 and supports the center 91 of the plate 9, and the receiving jig 22.
- a fixing jig 31 is included.
- the deformation target portion 92 described above is a ring-shaped portion having a predetermined width separated from the axis 20 of the rotary shaft 21 by a predetermined distance R (see FIG. 3). As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C, the axis 20 of the rotary shaft 21 coincides with the central axis 90 of the plate member 9 and the central axis 80 of the axisymmetric component 8.
- the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 (the direction in which the axis 20 extends) is the vertical direction in the present embodiment.
- the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 may be a horizontal direction or an oblique direction.
- the lower part of the rotating shaft 21 is supported by the base 11, and the rotating shaft 21 is rotated by a motor (not shown).
- the plate material 9 is, for example, a flat circular plate.
- a circular opening 94 is provided at the center of the plate 9.
- the opening 94 is used for positioning with respect to the receiving jig 22, for example.
- the opening 9 is not necessarily provided in the plate 9.
- the plate 9 is made of a titanium alloy.
- Titanium alloys include corrosion resistant alloys (eg, Ti-0.15Pd), ⁇ alloys (eg, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn), ⁇ + ⁇ alloys (eg, Ti-6Al-4V), ⁇ alloys (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Sn-3Al).
- the material of the plate material 9 is not limited to the titanium alloy, and may be stainless steel, steel, aluminum alloy, or the like, for example.
- the receiving jig 22 has a size that fits in a circle defined by the molding start position of the plate material 9. That is, the plate member 9 is not deformed by being pressed against the radially outward side surface of the receiving jig 22.
- the preform 1A includes only the front heater 5, a mandrel whose side surface is a molding surface for the plate material may be used instead of the receiving jig 22.
- the plate material 9 is a thick plate (for example, when the plate thickness of the plate material 9 is 20 mm or more), the ironing process (tapered 95 by pressing of the processing tool 10) is performed only by heating from the front side or the back side of the plate material 9. In some cases, it is difficult to heat the deformation target portion 92 of the plate 9 to such an extent that it can be formed. From such a viewpoint, when the plate member 9 is thick, it is desirable that the preformed body manufacturing apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A has both the back-side heater 4 and the front-side heater 5. Moreover, in order to enable arrangement
- the fixing jig 31 described above is attached to a pressure rod 32, and the pressure rod 32 is rotatably supported by a support portion 33.
- the support portion 33 is driven in the vertical direction by the drive portion 34.
- the drive unit 34 is attached to the frame 12 disposed above the rotary shaft 21.
- the fixing jig 31 may be omitted, and the plate material 9 may be received and fixed directly to the jig 22 by, for example, bolts.
- the processing tool 10 that presses the deformation target portion 92 of the plate material 9 is disposed above the plate material 9, and the plate material 9 is formed into a shape that opens downward so as to accommodate the receiving jig 22.
- the processing tool 10 may be disposed below the plate material 9, and the plate material 9 may be shaped to open upward so as to accommodate the fixing jig 31.
- the processing tool 10 is moved in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21 by the radial moving mechanism 14 and is moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 by the axial moving mechanism 13 via the radial moving mechanism 14.
- the axial movement mechanism 13 extends so as to bridge the base 11 and the frame 12 described above.
- a roller that rotates following the rotation of the plate 9 is used as the processing tool 10.
- the processing tool 10 is not limited to a roller, and may be a spatula, for example. A plurality of processing tools 10 can also be used.
- the processing tool 10 is moved from the specific position of the plate 9 to the peripheral portion 93 by the radial movement mechanism 14 while being pressed downward against the plate 9 by the axial movement mechanism 13. That is, the predetermined range A formed into the tapered shape 95 is from a specific position of the plate material 9 to the peripheral edge portion 93.
- the above-mentioned “specific position” that is the inner end of the predetermined range A is a position spaced radially outward from the peripheral edge of the receiving jig 22 so that the back heater 4 can be arranged directly below the specific position. Is desirable. However, when the back side heater 4 can be sufficiently heated even if it is arranged at a position shifted from directly below the specific position to the outside in the radial direction, the specific position is the peripheral portion of the receiving jig 22. May match. Moreover, when using a mandrel, a specific position corresponds with the corner part between the shaping
- the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5 are moved in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21 by the radial moving mechanism 16, and are moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21 by the axial moving mechanism 15 via the radial moving mechanism 16. Moved.
- the axial movement mechanism 15 extends so as to bridge the base 11 and the frame 12 described above.
- a displacement meter (not shown) for measuring the distance to the deformation target portion 92 of the plate material 9 is attached to at least one of the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5.
- the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5 are moved in the axial direction and the radial direction of the rotary shaft 21 so that the measured value of the displacement meter becomes constant.
- the relative positions of the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5 and the processing tool 10 are not particularly limited as long as they are located on substantially the same circumference around the axis 20 of the rotating shaft 21. Absent.
- the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5 may be 180 degrees away from the processing tool 10 in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 21.
- the backside heater 4 includes a conducting tube 41 having a coil portion 42 and a core 45 for collecting magnetic flux generated around the coil portion 42.
- a cooling fluid flows in the conductive tube 41.
- the coil portion 42 has a double arc shape extending along the plate material 9 and extending in the rotation direction of the plate material 9.
- the opening angle of the coil portion 42 is, for example, 60 to 120 degrees.
- the core 45 includes one inner peripheral piece 46 that covers the inner arc portion 43 of the coil portion 42 from the side opposite to the plate member 9, and two outer peripheral piece pieces that cover the outer arc portion 44 of the coil portion 42 from the opposite side of the plate member 9. 47.
- the front heater 5 includes a conductive tube 51 having a coil portion 52 and a core 55 for collecting magnetic flux generated around the coil portion 52.
- a cooling fluid flows in the conductive tube 51.
- the coil portion 52 has a double arc shape along the plate material 9 extending in the rotation direction of the plate material 9.
- the opening angle of the coil portion 52 is, for example, 60 to 120 degrees.
- the core 55 includes one inner peripheral piece 56 that covers the inner arc portion 53 of the coil portion 52 from the side opposite to the plate member 9, and two outer peripheral side pieces that cover the outer arc portion 54 of the coil portion 52 from the opposite side of the plate member 9. 57.
- each of the back-side heater 4 and the front-side heater 5 includes the coil portion (42 or 52) extending in the rotation direction of the plate material 9, so that the region 92 to be deformed of the plate material 9 is locally heated. It can carry out continuously in the rotation direction of the plate material 9. Thereby, favorable moldability can be obtained.
- the frequency of the AC voltage is not particularly limited, but is preferably a high frequency of 5 k to 400 kHz. That is, the induction heating by the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5 is desirably high frequency induction heating.
- the peripheral portion 93 which is the end of the tapered shape 95 of the plate 9 is rotated while rotating the plate 9 using a preformed body manufacturing apparatus 1B as shown in FIG. Inflate inward (see FIG. 1C).
- the inward expansion of the peripheral edge portion 93 locally heats the peripheral edge portion 93 of the plate member 9 and pushes the peripheral edge portion 93 in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the peripheral edge portion 93. This is done by pressing the forming roller 6 against the peripheral edge 93.
- a plurality of forming rollers 6 can be used.
- a preformed product manufacturing apparatus 1B shown in FIG. 5 is obtained by replacing the processing tool 10 of the preformed product manufacturing apparatus 1A shown in FIG. 2 with a forming roller 6 and removing the front heater 5. That is, the local heating of the peripheral portion 93 is performed by induction heating using the back side heater 4. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a separate heater in the thickening process.
- plate material 9 is measured, and the alternating voltage applied to the conduction pipe 41 of the back side heater 4 is controlled so that this measured temperature becomes target temperature.
- the local heating of the peripheral edge portion 93 may be performed by induction heating using the front heater 5. Or the local heating of the peripheral part 93 may be performed using a gas burner etc., for example.
- the forming roller 6 is attached to the radial movement mechanism 14 via the bracket 7. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6A, the forming roller 6 has a through hole at the center, and a shaft 65 is inserted through the through hole. Between the shaft 65 and the through hole, a pair of bearings that rotatably support the forming roller 6 are disposed. In FIG. 6A, for simplicity of the drawing, the forming roller 6 is drawn so as to be fitted to the shaft 65, and the drawing of the bearing is omitted. Both ends of the shaft 65 are supported by the bracket 7 described above.
- the forming roller 6 has a cylindrical pressing surface 61 extending in the rotation axis direction X of the forming roller 6 and a guide surface 62 extending radially outward from one end of the pressing surface 61. is doing.
- the guide surface 62 forms an obtuse angle with the pressing surface 61, but the guide surface 62 may be perpendicular to the pressing surface 61 or may form an acute angle with the pressing surface 61.
- the forming roller 6 is pressed by the peripheral edge portion 93 in a state where the rotation axis direction X is parallel to the thickness direction of the peripheral edge portion 93 of the plate 9 so that the guide surface 62 faces obliquely downward.
- the molding roller 6 is moved by the radial direction moving mechanism 14 and the axial direction moving mechanism 13 along a direction slightly horizontal with respect to a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the peripheral edge portion 93, for example.
- the peripheral part 93 can be expanded inward. That is, while the peripheral surface 93 of the plate material 9 is pushed in by the pressing surface 61 of the forming roller 6, the bulge of the peripheral portion 93 due to the pressing can be restricted only in one direction by the guide surface 62.
- a preformed body 98 as shown in FIG. 1C is obtained by the ironing process and the thickening process described above.
- the axisymmetric part 8 may be cut out from the preform 98 by machining after the preform 98 is heat treated to remove residual stress. Thereby, the axially symmetric component 8 can be manufactured at low cost.
- the portion including the tapered portion 81 of the axisymmetric part 8 in the preform 98 can be formed by the ironing process, and the preliminary process can be performed by the thickening process.
- a portion including the inward flange portion 82 of the axisymmetric part 8 in the molded body 98 can be molded. Accordingly, a preform 98 for the axially symmetric component 8 having the inward flange portion 82 can be manufactured from the plate material 9.
- the proof stress stress for starting plastic deformation
- the yield strength is greatly reduced at 400 ° C). Therefore, if the plate material 9 is heated at a temperature higher than the temperature range, only a narrow range including the heated portion can be deformed in each of the ironing process and the thickening process.
- an auxiliary tool that supports an outer portion of the plate member 9 than the deformation target portion 92 may be used.
- the auxiliary tool may be disposed on the back side of the plate material 9 so as to prevent the deformation of the outer portion of the plate material 9 below the deformation target portion 92, or above the outer portion of the plate material 9 than the deformation target portion.
- the auxiliary tool may be arranged on both the back side and the front side of the plate material 9 so as to sandwich the outer portion of the plate material 9 with respect to the deformation target portion 92.
- a roller can be used as the auxiliary tool.
- the rotation axis direction of the auxiliary roller may be orthogonal to the thickness direction of the peripheral portion 93 so that the outer peripheral surface of the auxiliary roller contacts the peripheral portion 93, or one of both end surfaces of the auxiliary roller is the peripheral portion. It may be parallel to the thickness direction of the peripheral edge portion 93 so as to come into contact with 93.
- the preform 98 shown in FIG. 1C is manufactured from the board
- the manufacturing method of the preform 98 according to the second embodiment includes a cutting step shown in FIG. 8C between the ironing step shown in FIG. 8B and the thickening step shown in FIG. 1C.
- the shape of the plate 9 is not limited to a circular shape.
- the shape of the plate member 9 may be a polygonal shape including a triangle or a trapezoidal shape, or may be a long shape such as a rectangular shape or an elliptical shape.
- the ironing process of the present embodiment is different from the ironing process of the first embodiment only in a predetermined range A formed into a tapered shape 95 in the plate material 9.
- the radial movement mechanism 14 moves from a specific position of the plate 9. It is moved to the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion 93. That is, the predetermined range A formed into the tapered shape 95 is from a specific position of the plate material 9 to the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion 93.
- “in the vicinity of the peripheral edge portion 93” is, for example, a position closer to the inside of 1/20 to 1/4 of the radius of the plate material 9 from the end surface of the plate material 9.
- the outer portion of the predetermined range A in the plate material 9 is cut.
- the cutting direction may be a horizontal direction as shown in FIG. 8C or a vertical direction.
- the cut direction may be an oblique direction (for example, a thickness direction of the tapered shape 95).
- the end 95a of the tapered shape 95 becomes the peripheral edge of the plate material 9.
- the thickening process of the present embodiment is the same as the thickening process of the first embodiment, and the sign of the peripheral edge of the plate 9 in FIGS. 5 and 6A and 6B is only changed from 93 to 95a. is there.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
- plate material 9 remains in the ironing process, ironing can be performed easily.
- the predetermined range A is from the specific position of the plate material 9 to the peripheral portion 93 as in the first embodiment, the diameter of the plate material 9 can be reduced. As a result, the amount of material used can be minimized.
- a preform 98 is manufactured by the following method. Also good. First, in a state where the plate material 9 is turned over so that the back surface faces upward, a step 96 is formed at a position corresponding to the annular protrusion 83 by performing ironing while pressing the processing tool 10 against the back surface of the plate material 9. . Thereafter, the plate material 9 is returned to a normal state (the state shown in FIG. 9A) with the back surface facing downward, and ironing is performed while pressing the processing tool 10 against the surface of the plate material 9 as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the peripheral edge (93 or 95a) which is a tapered end while swinging on the vertical plane passing through the axis 20 of the rotating shaft 21, the peripheral edge is It is possible to inflate not only in the thickness direction of the peripheral edge as shown in FIG. 1C but also in any direction.
- each of the back side heater 4 and the front side heater 5 does not necessarily have a double arc-shaped coil part (42 or 52).
- the back-side heater 4 and / or the front-side heater 5 may have a plurality of circular coil portions arranged in an arc shape, or may have only one circular coil portion. .
- the present invention is useful when manufacturing a preform for an axisymmetric part used in various machines, but is extremely useful particularly when the axisymmetric part is an aircraft part.
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Abstract
Description
第1実施形態では、図1Aに示す板材9から、図1Cに示す予備成形体98を製造する。予備成形体98は、軸対称部品8用のものであり、軸対称部品8を削り出し可能な、軸対称部品8と類似の形状を有している。
軸対称部品8は、中心軸80回りに対称な形状を有している。より詳しくは、軸対称部品8は、テーパー部81と、テーパー部81の大径部から内向きに突出するフランジ部82を有する。軸対称部品8は、例えば、航空機部品である。このような航空機部品としては、例えば、航空機のガスタービンエンジンに用いられる流路壁が挙げられる。
しごき加工工程では、図2に示すような予備成形体製造装置1Aを用いて、板材9を回転しながら、板材9の所定範囲A(図1B参照)をテーパー状95に成形する。所定範囲Aのテーパー状95への成形は、図2に示すように、板材9における変形対象部位92を局所的に加熱するとともに、変形対象部位92に加工具10を押圧することにより行われる。
増肉加工工程では、図5に示すような予備成形体製造装置1Bを用いて、板材9を回転しながら、板材9におけるテーパー状95の末端である周縁部93を内向きに膨らませる(図1C参照)。周縁部93の内向きへの膨らませは、図5に示すように、板材9の周縁部93を局所的に加熱するとともに、周縁部93を当該周縁部93の厚み方向と直交する方向に押し込むように周縁部93に成形ローラ6を押圧することにより行われる。なお、複数の成形ローラ6を用いることも可能である。
しごき加工工程では、板材9の変形対象部位92よりも外側部分を支持する補助具を用いてもよい。補助具は、板材9の変形対象部位92よりも外側部分の下方への変形を防止するように板材9の裏側に配置されていてもよいし、板材9の変形対象部位よりも外側部分の上方への変形を防止するように板材9の表側に配置されていてもよい。あるいは、補助具は、板材9の変形対象部位92よりも外側部分を挟み込むように、板材9の裏側および表側の双方に配置されていてもよい。補助具としては、例えばローラを用いることができる。
第2実施形態では、図8Aに示す板材9から、図1Cに示す予備成形体98を製造する。具体的に、第2実施形態に係る予備成形体98の製造方法は、図8Bに示すしごき加工工程と図1Cに示す増肉加工工程との間に、図8Cに示すカット工程を含む。
本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。
4 裏側加熱器
42 コイル部
5 表側加熱器
52 コイル部
6 成形ローラ
61 押圧面
62 ガイド面
8 軸対称部品
81 テーパー部
82 フランジ部
9 板材
92 変形対象部位
93 周縁部
95 テーパー状
95a 周縁部
Claims (12)
- テーパー部および前記テーパー部の大径部から内向きに突出するフランジ部を有する軸対称部品用の予備成形体を製造する方法であって、
板材を回転しながら、前記板材における変形対象部位を局所的に加熱するとともに、前記変形対象部位に加工具を押圧して、前記板材の所定範囲をテーパー状に成形するしごき加工工程と、
前記板材を回転しながら、前記板材における前記テーパー状の末端である周縁部を局所的に加熱するとともに、前記周縁部を当該周縁部の厚み方向と直交する方向に押し込むように前記周縁部に成形ローラを押圧して、前記周縁部を内向きに膨らませる増肉加工工程と、
を含む、予備成形体の製造方法。 - 前記所定範囲は、前記板材の特定位置から周縁部までである、請求項1に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記所定範囲は、前記板材の特定位置から周縁部の近傍までであり、
前記しごき加工工程と前記増肉加工工程の間に、前記板材における前記所定範囲の外側部分をカットするカット工程を含む、請求項1に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。 - 前記しごき加工工程では、前記板材の変形対象部位を誘導加熱により加熱し、
前記増肉加工工程では、前記板材の周縁部を誘導加熱により加熱する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。 - 前記しごき加工工程では、前記板材を挟んで前記加工具と反対側に配置された裏側加熱器と、前記板材に対して前記加工具と同じ側に配置された表側加熱器を用いて、前記変形対象部位を加熱する、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記表側加熱器および前記裏側加熱器のそれぞれは、前記板材の回転方向に延びる、前記板材に沿った二重円弧状のコイル部を含む、請求項5に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記増肉加工工程では、前記裏側加熱器または前記表側加熱器を用いて前記板材の周縁部を加熱する、請求項5または6に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記成形ローラは、当該成形ローラの回転軸方向に延びる円筒状の押圧面と、前記押圧面の一方の端部から径方向外向きに広がるリング状のガイド面と、を有する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記板材は、チタン合金からなる、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記軸対称部品は、航空機部品である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 前記しごき加工工程と前記増肉加工工程の間に、前記板材を熱処理して残留応力を除去する工程を含む、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の予備成形体の製造方法により得られた予備成形体を熱処理して残留応力を除去した後、機械加工により前記予備成形体から軸対称部品を削り出す、軸対称部品の製造方法。
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