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  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
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  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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  • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel compounds which modulate the activity of RORy and their use as medicaments.
• RORy retinoic acid receptor related orphan receptor gamma
• RORyt retinoic acid receptor related orphan receptor gamma
• IL-17 Interleukin 17
• the invention comprises a novel class of heteroaromatic compounds and methods for making and using the same, said compounds having the general structure of formula (I), wherein the substituent groups are as herein defined:
• These compounds are useful for the treatment of autoimmune and allergic disorders in that they exhibit good modulatory effect upon RORy.
• the last named subgroup is the radical attachment point
• the substituent "aryl-Ci_3-alkyl” means an aryl group which is bound to a Ci_3-alkyl-group, the latter of which is bound to the core or to the group to which the substituent is attached.
• the substituent "-S(0) n Ci_ 6 alkyl” means a Ci_ 6 -alkyl- group which is bound to an S(0) n group, the latter of which is bound to the core or to the group to which the substituent is attached.
• Alkyl denotes monovalent, saturated hydrocarbon chains, which may be present in both straight-chain (unbranched) and branched form. If an alkyl is substituted, the substitution may take place independently of one another, by mono- or polysubstitution in each case, on all the hydrogen-carrying carbon atoms.
• Ci-salkyl includes for example H 3 C-, H 3 C-CH 2 -, H 3 C- CH 2 -CH 2 -, H 3 C-CH(CH 3 )-, H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -, H 3 C-CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-, H 3 C-CH(CH 3 )- CH 2 -, H 3 C-C(CH 3 ) 2 -, H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -, H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-, H 3 C-CH 2 - CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 -, H 3 C-CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 -CH 2 -, H 3 C-CH 2 -C(CH 3 ) 2 -, H 3 C-C(CH 3 ) 2 -CH 2 -, H 3 C- CH(CH 3 )-CH(CH 3 )-, H 3 C-CH 2
• alkyl examples include methyl (Me; -CH 3 ), ethyl (Et; -CH 2 CH 3 ), 1 -propyl (w-propyl; w-Pr; -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), 2-propyl (z-Pr; zsopropyl; -CH(CH 3 ) 2 ), 1-butyl (w-butyl; n- Bu; -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), 2-methyl-l -propyl (wo-butyl; -Bu; -CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 ), 2-butyl ⁇ sec- butyl; sec-Bu; -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 CH 3 ), 2-methyl-2-propyl (ierf-butyl; t-Bu; -C(CH 3 ) 3 ),l-pentyl n-pentyl; -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 ), 2-pentyl (-CH(CH(CH 2
• alkyl also applies if alkyl is a part of another (combined) group such as for example C x _ y alkylamino or C x _ y alkoxy.
• alkenyl when used alone or in combination, consists of at least two carbon atoms, wherein at least two adjacent carbon atoms are joined together by a C-C double bond and a carbon atom can only be part of one C-C double bond. If in an alkyl as hereinbefore defined having at least two carbon atoms, two hydrogen atoms on adjacent carbon atoms are formally removed and the free valencies are saturated to form a second bond, the corresponding alkenyl is formed.
• Alkenyl may optionally be present in the cis or trans or E or Z orientation with regard to the double bond(s).
• alkynyl when used alone or in combination, consists of at least two carbon atoms, wherein at least two adjacent carbon atoms are joined together by a C-C triple bond. If in an alkyl as hereinbefore defined having at least two carbon atoms, two hydrogen atoms in each case at adjacent carbon atoms are formally removed and the free valencies are saturated to form two further bonds, the corresponding alkynyl is formed.
• Haloalkyl when used alone or in combination, is derived from the previously defined alkyl (alkenyl, alkynyl) by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon chain independently of one another by halogen atoms, which may be identical or different. If a haloalkyl (haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl) is to be further substituted, the substitutions may take place independently of one another, in the form of mono- or polysubstitutions in each case, on all the hydrogen-carrying carbon atoms.
• haloalkyl haloalkenyl, haloalkynyl
• - CC1 CH 2
• -CBr CH 2 , -C ⁇ C-CF 3 , -CHFCH 2 CH 3 , -CHFCH 2 CF 3 etc.
• Halogen relates to fluorine, chlorine, bromine and/or iodine atoms.
• cycloalkyl when used alone or in combination, refers to a nonaromatic 3 to 12-membered (but preferably, 3 to 6-membered) monocyclic carbocyclic radical or a nonaromatic 6 to 10-membered fused bicyclic, bridged bicyclic, propellane or spirocyclic carbocyclic radical.
• the C 3 _i 2 cycloalkyl may be either saturated or partially unsaturated, and the carbocycle may be attached by any atom of the cycle which results in the creation of a stable structure.
• Non-limiting examples of 3 to 10-membered monocyclic carbocycles include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptanyl, cycloheptenyl, and cyclohexanone.
• Non-limiting examples of 6 to 10- membered fused bicyclic carbocyclic radicals include bicyclo[l.l.l]pentane, bicyclo[3.3.0]octane, bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane, and bicyclo[4.4.0]decanyl
• Non-limiting examples of 6 to 10-membered bridged bicyclic carbocyclic radicals include bicyclo[2.2.2]heptanyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octanyl, and bicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl.
• Non-limiting examples of 6 to 10-membered propellane carbocyclic radicals include but are not limited to [l.l.l.]propellane, [3.3.3]propellane and [3.3.1]propellane.
• Non-limiting examples of 6 to 10-membered spirocyclic carbocyclic radicals include but are not limited to spiro[3,3]heptanyl, spiro[3,4]octanyl and spiro [4,4] heptanyl .
• heterocyclyl when used alone or in combination, refers to a heterocyclic ring system that contains 2-10 carbon atoms and one to four heteroatom ring atoms chosen from NH, NR', oxygen and sulfur wherein R' is Ci_ 6 alkyl and includes stable nonaromatic 4-8 membered monocyclic heterocyclic radical or a stable nonaromatic 6 to 11 -membered fused bicyclic, bridged bicyclic or spirocyclic heterocyclic radical.
• the heterocycle may be either completely saturated or partially unsaturated.
• the heterocycle is a C 3 _ 6 heterocycle, i.e., containing 3 to 6 ring carbon atoms.
• Non-limiting examples of nonaromatic monocyclic heterocyclic radicals include tetrahydrofuranyl, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, dioxanyl, thiomorpholinyl, l,l-dioxo-l.lamda 6 -thiomorpholinyl, morpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, and azepinyl.
• Non-limiting examples of nonaromatic 6 to 11-membered fused bicyclic radicals include octahydroindolyl, octahydrobenzofuranyl, and octahydrobenzothiophenyl.
• Non-limiting examples of nonaromatic 6 to 11-membered bridged bicyclic radicals include 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl, 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexanyl, and 3-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octanyl.
• Non-limiting examples of nonaromatic 6 to 11-membered spirocyclic heterocyclic radicals include 7-aza-spiro[3,3]heptanyl, 7-spiro[3,4]octanyl, and 7-aza-spiro[3,4]octanyl.
• Sulfur and nitrogen may optionally be present in all the possible oxidation stages (sulphur sulphoxide -SO-, sulphone -S0 2 -; nitrogen N-oxide).
• aryl when used alone or in combination, refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon ring containing from six to fourteen carbon ring atoms (e.g., a C 6 -i4 aryl, preferably C 6 -io aryl).
• C 6 -i4 aryl includes monocyclic rings, fused rings and bicyclic rings where at least one of the rings is aromatic.
• Non-limiting examples of C 6 -i4 aryls include phenyl, indanyl, indenyl, benzocyclobutanyl, dihydronaphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, naphthyl, benzocycloheptanyl and benzocycloheptenyl.
• heteroaryl when used alone or in combination, refers to a heteroaromatic ring system that contains 2-10 carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatom ring atoms selected from N, NH, NR', O and S wherein R' is Ci_ 6 alkyl and includes aromatic 5 to 6-membered monocyclic heteroaryls and aromatic 7 to 11-membered heteroaryl bicyclic or fused rings where at least one of the rings is aromatic.
• Non-limiting examples of 5 to 6- membered monocyclic heteroaryl rings include furanyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, pyranyl, thiazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazolyl, thienyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, and purinyl.
• Non- limiting examples of 7 to 11-membered heteroaryl bicyclic or fused rings include benzimidazolyl, l,3-dihydrobenzoimidazol-2-one, quinolinyl, dihydro-2H-quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, quinazolinyl, indazolyl, thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzopyranyl, benzodioxolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridinyl, and imidazo[4,5-b]pyridinyl.
• Sulfur and nitrogen may optionally be present in all the possible oxidation stages (sulphur sulphoxide -SO-, sulphone -SO 2 -; nitrogen N-oxide).
• the compounds of the invention are only those which are contemplated to be chemically stable as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
• a compound which would have a "dangling valency", or a carbanion are not compounds contemplated by the inventive methods disclosed herein.
• a given chemical formula or name shall encompass tautomers and all stereo, optical and geometrical isomers (e.g. enantiomers, diastereomers, EIZ isomers, etc.) and racemates thereof as well as mixtures in different proportions of the separate enantiomers, mixtures of diastereomers, or mixtures of any of the foregoing forms where such isomers and enantiomers exist, as well as salts, including pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and their corresponding unsolvated as well as solvated forms with pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol and the like.
• pharmaceutically acceptable solvents such as water, ethanol and the like.
• Compounds of the invention also include their isotopically-labelled forms.
• An isotopically-labelled form of an active agent of a combination of the present invention is identical to said active agent but for the fact that one or more atoms of said active agent have been replaced by an atom or atoms having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number of said atom which is usually found in nature.
• isotopes which are readily available commercially and which can be incorporated into an active agent of a combination of the present invention in accordance with well established procedures, include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine and chlorine, e.g., 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 18 0, 17 0, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, and 36 C1, respectively.
• An active agent of a combination of the present invention, a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of either which contains one or more of the above-mentioned isotopes and/or other isotopes of other atoms is contemplated to be within the scope of the present invention.
• phrases "pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, and commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.
• Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic and organic acids and bases.
• acids examples include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, nitric, perchloric, fumaric, maleic, phosphoric, glycolic, lactic, salicylic, succinic, toluene-p-sulfuric, tartaric, acetic, citric, methanesulfonic, formic, benzoic, malonic, naphthalene-2-sulfuric and benzenesulfonic acids.
• Other acids such as oxalic acid, while not themselves pharmaceutically acceptable, may be employed in the preparation of salts useful as intermediates in obtaining the compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
• salts can be formed with cations from metals like aluminium, calcium, lithium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc and the like (also see Pharmaceutical salts, Birge, S.M. et al., J. Pharm. Sci., (1977), 66, 1-19).
• the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the present invention can be synthesised from the parent compound which contains a basic or acidic moiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, such salts can be prepared by reacting the free acid or base form of these compounds with a sufficient amount of the appropriate base or acid in water or in an organic diluent like ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, or acetonitrile, or a mixture thereof.
• a therapeutically effective amount for the purposes of this invention is meant a quantity of substance that is capable of obviating symptoms of illness or alleviating these symptoms, or which prolong the survival of a treated patient.
• a general embodiment of the invention is directed to a compound of formula (I) below:
• R 1 is:
• R 6 , R 7 , R 8 or R 9 of R 1 may be cyclized onto W to form a ring;
• R 2 and R 3 are each independently:
• Ci-3 alkyl optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from: a) C -6 cycloalkyl;
• R 2 and R 3 are taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a C 3 _6 carbocyclic ring;
• R 2" and R 3 J are taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a C 3 _6 heterocyclic ring;
• R 2" or R 3 J may be cyclized onto W to form a ring;
• R 4 is:
• Ci_6 alkyl optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from: a) C 3 _6 cycloalkyl;
• R 5 is aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl or C 3 _i2 cycloalkyl each optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from:
• Ci_6 alkyl, C 3 _ 6 cycloalkyl or C 3 _ 6 heterocyclyl each optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from:
• W is aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, C 3 _i 2 cycloalkyl, or alkynyl each optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• R 6 is selected from:
• Ci_ 6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• R 7' and R 8° are independently selected from:
• Ci_ 3 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• R 7 and R 8 together with the nitrogen to which they are bonded, form a saturated ring with 3-6 carbon atoms wherein one carbon atom in said saturated ring may be optionally replaced by -0-, -NR 9 - or -S(0) n -;
• R 9 is selected from;
• Ci_ 3 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from: a) C3_ 6 cyclo alkyl;
• R 6 is:
• Ci_ 3 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from: a) C 3 _ 6 cyclo alkyl;
• R 7' and R 8° are each independently:
• R is selected from;
• R 6 is:
• Ci-3 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from: a) C 3 - 6 cyclo alkyl;
• R 7 and R 8 are each independently:
• R 9 is selected from;
• R 1 is -S(0) n R 6 , -S(0) n NR 7 R 8 or -S(0)(NH)R 6 ; and R 6 is Ci_3 alkyl; and
• R 7 and R 8 are each independently:
• R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from:
• Ci-3 alkyl optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from: a) C 3 -6 cycloalkyl;
• R 2 and R 3 are taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a C 3 -6 carbocyclic ring;
• R 2 and R 3 are taken together with the carbon to which they are attached to form a C 3 -6 heterocyclic ring;
• R 9 is selected from:
• R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from:
• R 2 and R 3 are H.
• R 4 is:
• Ci- 6 alkyl optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from: a) C 3 _ 6 cycloalkyl;
• R 9 is selected from:
• Ci- 6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• Ci_ 6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from C 3 _ 6 cycloalkyl, halo, -CF 3 , and Ci_ 3 alkoxy; or
• R 5 is aryl, heteroaryl or heterocyclyl, each optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from:
• R 7' IT 8 and lr 9 are each independently selected from:
• R 7' IT 8 and lr 9 are each independently selected from:
• R 5 is pyridinyl or pyrimidinyl each optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from: a) Ci_ 6 alkyl;
• R 7 and R 8 are each independently selected from:
• R 9 is Ci_ 3 alkyl.
• R 5 is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from: a) Ci_ 3 alkyl;
• W is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidinyl, piperizinyl, pyrazinyl or C3-12 cycloalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from: a) Ci_ 6 alkyl;
• R 7', R 8° and R 9 * are each selected from:
• W is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or piperidinyl.
• Additional embodiments include any possible combinations of the above sub-embodiments for R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and W.
• R 1 is:
• R 2" and R 3 J are each independently selected from:
• R 4 is:
• Ci_6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• R 5 is:
• W is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, piperidinyl or C 3-12 cycloalkyl, each optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• R 6 is:
• Ci_ 3 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from:
• R 7' R 9 * are each independently:
• R 1 is -S(0) n R 6 or -S(0) n NR 7 R 8 ;
• R 2 and R 3 are H;
• R 4 is: (A) Ci-6 alkyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from C 3 _6 cycloalkyl, -CF 3 , and Ci_ 3 alkoxy; or
• R 5 is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one, two or three groups selected from:
• W is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or piperidinyl; R 6 is Ci-3 alkyl;
• R 7' R 8 R 9 are each independently:
• R 5 is pyrimidinyl optionally substituted with one or two groups selected from: a) C 1-3 alkyl;
• W is phenyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl or piperidinyl.
• Table I also provides physicochemical data (i.e., HPLC retention time and mass spec data) for all the prepared compounds.
• HPLC methods are defined below in the Synthetic Examples section.
• the present invention further relates to a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of the formula (I) with inorganic or organic acids or bases.
• the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) - or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof - as medicaments.
• the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) - or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof - for use in a method for treatment of a patient.
• the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) - or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof - for use in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergic disorders.
• the invention relates to the use of compounds of formula (I) - or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof - for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergic disorders.
• the invention in another aspect, relates to a method for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and allergic disorders comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) - or one of the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof - to a patient.
• the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition containing as active substance one or more compounds of formula (I)- or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof - optionally in combination with conventional excipients and/or carriers.
• the compounds of formula (I) may be made using the general synthetic methods described below, which also constitute part of the invention.
• the compounds according to the invention may be prepared by the methods of synthesis, synthetic examples, methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art and methods reported in the chemical literature.
• the substituents R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and W shall have the meanings defined hereinbefore in the detailed description of the compounds of formula I. These methods that are described here are intended as an illustration and for the enablement of the instant invention without restricting the scope of its subject matter, the claimed compounds, and the examples.
• the preparation of starting compounds is not described, they are commercially obtainable, may be prepared analogously to compounds or methods described herein, or are described in the chemical literature. Unless otherwise specified, solvents, temperatures, pressures, and other reaction conditions may be readily selected by one of ordinary skill in the art.
• Amine intermediates of formula R 1 -W-C(R 2 )(R 3 )-NH 2 are either commercially available, may be prepared according to the general procedures or references described in US 7,879,873 and WO 2011/049917, or may be prepared by one skilled in the art using methods described in the chemical literature. Compounds of formula (I) may be prepared from intermediate A' according to Scheme I.
• a suitable pyrimidine of formula A' wherein G is NH 2 , X is a suitable group for palladium-mediated cross coupling reactions (e.g., I, Br, CI, or OSO 2 CF 3 ), and Y is a suitable leaving group (e.g., CI), may be reacted with a suitable amine or amine salt (e.g., hydrochloride salt) of formula R 4 NH 2 such as isopropyl amine in the presence of a suitable base (e.g., i-Pr 2 EtN, or Et 3 N) in a suitable solvent (e.g., n- butanol) and under a suitable reaction conditions such as an appropriate temperature (e.g., about 120 °C) to provide a compound of formula B' .
• a suitable amine or amine salt e.g., hydrochloride salt
• R 4 NH 2 such as isopropyl amine
• a suitable base e.g., i
• the said pyrimidine of formula A' wherein G is a suitable synthetic precursor for NH 2 may be reacted with a suitable amine or amine salt (e.g., hydrochloride salt) of formula R 4 NH 2 such as 1-methyl cyclopropylamine in the presence of a suitable reagent and solvent (e.g., i-Pr 2 EtN and THF, respectively), and under a suitable reaction conditions such as an appropriate temperature (e.g., about -78°C to about 25 °C) to afford an intermediate, which may be converted to a compound of formula B' upon further reaction with suitable reagents (e.g., a N0 2 group that may be reduced with a suitable reagent such as SnCl 2 ).
• suitable reagents e.g., a N0 2 group that may be reduced with a suitable reagent such as SnCl 2
• a diaminopyrimidine of formula B' may be reacted with a suitable reagent such as chloro-oxo-acetic acid ethyl ester in a suitable solvent (e.g., acetone) and in the presence of a suitable base (e.g., K 2 CO 3 ) to furnish a compound of formula C
• a suitable reagent such as chloro-oxo-acetic acid ethyl ester
• a suitable base e.g., K 2 CO 3
• a dicarbonyl compound of formula C may be reacted with a suitable dehydrochlorinating reagent such as oxalyl chloride in the presence of a suitable additive (e.g., a catalytic amount of DMF) in a suitable solvent (e.g., CH 2 C1 2 ), and under a suitable reaction conditions such as an appropriate temperature (e.g., about ambient temperature) to provide a suitable solvent (e.g., CH 2 C1 2 ), and under
• C(R 2 )(R 3 )-NH 2 such as 4-ethanesulfonyl benzyl amine in the presence of a suitable base (e.g., Et 3 N) in a suitable solvent (e.g., THF) and under a suitable reaction conditions such as an appropriate temperature (e.g., about ambient temperature) to yields a compound of formula E'.
• a suitable base e.g., Et 3 N
• a suitable solvent e.g., THF
• an appropriate temperature e.g., about ambient temperature
• a pyrimidine of formula E' may be heated with a suitable cross-coupling partner (e.g., a boronic acid) and a suitable base (e.g., K 3 PO 4 ), in a suitable solvent (e.g., 1,4-dioxane), in the presence of a suitable cross -coupling catalyst (e.g., Pd(dppf)Cl 2 ), under suitable reaction conditions such as a suitable atmosphere (e.g., argon) and at a suitable temperature (e.g., about 100 °C) to provide a compound of formula (I).
• a suitable cross-coupling partner e.g., a boronic acid
• a suitable base e.g., K 3 PO 4
• a suitable solvent e.g., 1,4-dioxane
• Pd(dppf)Cl 2 e.g., Pd(dppf)Cl 2
• suitable reaction conditions such as a suitable atmosphere (e.g.
• Non-limiting examples demonstrating the preparation of the compounds of the invention are provided below. Optimum reaction conditions and reaction times may vary depending on the particular reactants used. Unless otherwise specified, solvents, temperatures, pressures and other reaction conditions may be readily selected by one of ordinary skill in the art. Specific procedures are provided in the Synthetic Examples section. Intermediates and products may be purified by chromatography on silica gel, recrystallization and/or reverse phase HPLC (RHPLC). Discrete enantiomers may be obtained by resolution of racemic products using chiral HPLC.
• RHPLC purification methods used anywhere from 0-100% acetonitrile in water containing 0.1% formic acid or 0.1% TFA and used one of the following columns: a) Waters Sunfire OBD C18 5 ⁇ 30x150 mm column b) Waters XBridge OBD C18 5 ⁇ 30x150 mm column c) Waters ODB C8 5 ⁇ 19x150 mm column. d) Waters Atlantis ODB C18 5 ⁇ 19x50 mm column. e) Waters Atlantis T3 OBD 5 ⁇ 30x100 mm column f) Phenomenex Gemini Axia C18 5 ⁇ 30x100 mm column
• the oxalamic acid ethyl ester intermediates generated from the reactions of A-3 (Method 1) and B-4 (Method 2) with ethyl chlorooxoacetate may be isolated and heated at a suitable temperature (e.g., 130 °C) with a suitable base, such as TEA, in a suitable solvent, such as EtOH, to afford the corresponding intermediates A-3 and B-5, respectively.)
• AD-1 100.0 g, 0.70 mol
• formamidine acetate 146 g, 1.4 mol
• NaOMe 266.0 g, 4.9 mol
• MeOH MeOH
• AD-2 (66.0 g, 0.48 mol) and TEA (145.1 g, 1.44 mol) in DCM (1.5 L) at 0 °C is added, dropwise, a solution of Tf 2 0 (164.2 g, 0.58 mol) in DCM (500 mL) and stirred for 3 h.
• the reaction mixture is quenched by the addition of H 2 0 (200 mL) and extracted with DCM (3 x 500 mL).
• the combined organic phase is washed with saturated aq NaHC0 3 , dried (Na 2 S0 4) , decanted and concentrated.
• the resultant residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield AD-3.
• AD-3 (17.0 g, 0.06 mol), vinylboronic acid pinacolester (29.3 g, 0.09 mol), K 2 C0 3 (26.3 g, 0.19 mol), Ag 2 0 (1.7 g, 10%wt) and Pd(dppf)Cl 2 (1.7 g, 10% wt) in anhydrous THF (400 mL) is stirred at reflux under N 2 atmosphere for 18 h. The mixture is cooled to rt and filtered. The filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure and the resultant residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield AD-4.
• AD-4 (27.3 g, 0.28 mol) and RaNi (30.0 g, 10% wt) in EtOH (500 mL) is stirred under an H 2 atmosphere for 16 h.
• the vessel is purged with N 2 and the contents filtered.
• the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure and the resultant AD-5 (19.6 g) is used directly.
• AK-1 (2.00 g, 13.1 mmol) in THF (25 mL) is added Boc 2 0 (3.45 mL, 15.0 mmol) and TEA (3.64 mL, 26.1 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred at rt for 18 h and then diluted with H 2 0 and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layers are concentrated to yield AK-2.
• AM-2 (1 g, 3.81 mmol) in THF (20 mL) at 0 °C is added dropwise Br 2 (0.30 mL, 5.91 mmol).
• Br 2 (0.30 mL, 5.91 mmol).
• the reaction mixture is warmed to rt and stirred overnight.
• the reaction mixture is diluted with water then extracted with EtOAc.
• the organic layer is then washed with sat. aq NaHC0 3 (2X), water (2X) and brine, dried over MgS0 4 , filtered and concentrated.
• the residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield AM-3.
• AM-4 is synthesized in a fashion analogous to intermediate AL-3.
• AM-5 is synthesized in a fashion analogous to intermediate AL-4.
• AN-1 (6 g, 3.99 mmol) in EtOH (60 mL) is added N 2 H 4 hydrate (31.1 ml). The mixture is heated to reflux for 45 min. The mixture is cooled to rt and then concentrated. The residue is dissolved in diethylene glycol (20 mL) and KOH (6.72 g, 120 mmol) is added. The mixture is stirred at 120 °C for 18 h. The mixture is cooled to rt, diluted with EtOAc and the pH is adjusted with IN HC1 to pH ⁇ 4. The organic layers are washed with brine, dried over Na 2 S0 4 and concentrated. The residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield AN-2.
• AN-4 is synthesized in a fashion analogous to intermediate AH-4.
• AN-6 is synthesized in a fashion analogous to intermediate AH-3.
• AP-1 (12.8 g, 130 mmol), sodium cyclopropanesulfonate (53.1 g, 369 mmol) and Cul (23.3 g, 123 mmol) in DMSO (150 mL) is stirred at 110 °C for 2 h. After cooling to rt, the solution is poured into water and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic phase is dried over Na 2 S0 4 , filtered and concentrated. The resulting residue is purified by MPLC to yield AP-2.
• AT-1 (10.0 g, 55 mmol)
• N,N-dimethyl-ethane-l,2-diamine (0.96 g, 11 mmol)
• Copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate (1.98, 5 mmol) in DMSO (100 mL)
• AT-2 8.27 g, 98 mmol
• the mixture is then heated to 120 °C for 30 min, quenched with H 2 0 and extracted with EtOAc.
• the organic layer is dried, concentrated and purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield AT-3.
• AV-1 (20.0 g, 168 mmol) is added to cone.
• HCl 200 mL
• dropwise addition of aq NaN0 2 (25.5 g in 25 mL H20) maintaining an internal temperature of ⁇ 5 °C.
• the solution is allowed to stir at 0 °C for 15 min and then is slowly added to a mixture of S0 2 (108 g) and CuCl (84 mg) in AcOH (200 mL, > 5eq) at 5 °C.
• the solution is stirred 90 min at 5 °C.
• the reaction mixture is extracted with DCM (2 x 500 mL), dried (Na 2 S0 4 ), and the organic solution of AV-2 used directly in the next step.
• AX-2 is separated by SFC to give (S)-AX (67.9 ee) and (R)-AX (95.5 ee).
• Intermediate BG is synthesized in a fashion analogous to Intermediate BF.
• BI-2 (2.0 g, 7.4 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) at -21 °C is added Deoxo-Fluor (1.51 mL, 8.17 mmol). After the addition, the reaction mixture is stirred at -21 °C for 5 mins then quenched with sat. aq NaHC0 3 until pH ⁇ 8. The layers are separated and the aq layer is extracted with DCM. The combined organics are washed with sat. aq NaHC0 3 , dried over Na 2 S0 4 , filtered and concentrated to yield BI-3.
• tetramethylammonium fluoride (6.27 g, 67.3 mmol).
• the solution is degassed with argon and is then cooled to -55 °C.
• a solution of trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane (12.4 mL, 84.1 mmol) in THF (250 mL) is added dropwise with an additional funnel and the reaction is allowed to stir at -55 °C for 2 h.
• the reaction mixture is then slowly allowed to warm to - 10 °C and is quenched with sat. aqueous NH 4 C1.
• the aqueous layer is extracted with EtOAc and the combined organic layers are concentrated to yield BJ-3, which is carried forward without further manipulation.
• intermediate A 500 mg, 1.18 mmol
• bis(pinacolato)diboron 600 mg, 2.36 mmol
• potassium acetate 348 mg, 2.36 mmol
• bis(di-ieri-butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) 84 mg, 0.118 mmol
• degassed 1,4 dioxane 3 mL.
• the reaction is heated to 90 °C for 20 min in a microwave reactor.
• the contents of the two vessels are combined and Na 2 C0 3(aq) (2M, 1 mL) is added.
• the reaction is heated to 120 °C for 30 min in a microwave reactor.
• the vessel is cooled to rt and the contents filtered and concentrated.
• the resultant residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield Example 11.
• intermediate A 500 mg, 1.18 mmol
• bis(pinacolato)diboron 600 mg, 2.36 mmol
• potassium acetate 348 mg, 3.54 mmol
• bis(di-ieri-butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) 84 mg, 0.12 mmol
• degassed 1,4 dioxane 3 mL.
• the reaction is heated to 90 °C for 20 min in a microwave reactor.
• 2M sodium bicarbonate (1 mL) is added.
• the reaction is heated to 120 °C for 30 min in a microwave reactor.
• the vessel is cooled to rt and the contents filtered and concentrated.
• the resultant residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield Example 15.
• intermediate B 100 mg, 0.23 mmol
• bis(pinacolato)diboron 175 mg, 0.69 mmol
• KOAc 67 mg, 0.69 mmol
• bis(di-tert- butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) 16 mg, 0.045 mmol
• degassed 1,4 dioxane 3 mL.
• the reaction is heated to 90 °C for 20 min in a microwave reactor.
• 2M sodium bicarbonate (1 mL) is added.
• the reaction is heated to 120 °C for 30 min in a microwave reactor.
• the vessel is cooled to rt and the contents filtered and concentrated.
• the resultant residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield Example 63.
• intermediate X (247 mg, 0.547 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (277 mg, 0.820 mmol), potassium acetate (161 mg, 1.64 mmol) and bis(di-ie ⁇ butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II) (43 mg, 0.055 mmol) are combined in degassed 1,4 dioxane (3 mL). The reaction is heated to 90 °C for 20 min in a microwave reactor. The contents of the two vessels are combined and Na 2 C0 3(aq) (2M, 1 mL) is added. The reaction is heated to 120 °C for 30 min in a microwave reactor. The vessel is cooled to rt and the contents filtered and concentrated. The resultant residue is purified by Si0 2 flash chromatography to yield Example 65. MS (ES+): m/z 550.0 [M+H] + .
• Exam le 135 and 145 are synthesized in a fashion analogous to Example 133.
• the compounds of the present invention have activity as modulators of RORy (retinoid acid receptor-related orphan receptor ⁇ ).
• a nuclear receptor transactivation assay is performed to quantitate the ability of test compounds to inhibit RORy transactivation of a luciferase reporter.
• a similar assay is described in: Khan et al., Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 23 (2013), 532-536.
• the system uses transiently transfected HEK 293 cells cotransfected with two plasmids (pGL4.3, luc2P/GAL4UAS/Hygro, and pBIND, Gal4DBD hRORC LBDl-3).
• the positive control is co-transiently transfected with both plasmids, and the negative control contains the pGL4.3 promoter sequence.
• Assays are assembled in 384 well plates where transiently transfected cells and test compound at varying concentrations are incubated for 20-24 h. The next day, assays plates are taken out and equilibrated at RT for 20-30 minutes. Bright- GloTM Luciferase Assay System is used to detect Luciferase production. After addition of Bright GLO detection reagent, the plates are incubated at RT for 20 minutes. The plates are read on an Envision plate reader to measure luminescence signal. The RLU signal is converted to POC relative to control and blank wells.
• the compounds of formula (I) according to the invention are suitable for treating autoimmune and allergic disorders in that they exhibit good modulatory effect upon RORy .
• the present invention is therefore directed to compounds of general formula (I), and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and all tautomers, racemates, enantiomers, diastereomers, mixtures thereof, which are useful in the treatment of a disease and/or condition wherein the activity of RORy modulators is of therapeutic benefit, including but not limited to the treatment of autoimmune or allergic disorders.
• Such disorders include for example: rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythromatosis, lupus nephritis, systemic sclerosis, vasculitis, scleroderma, asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic eczema, multiple sclerosis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, type I diabetes, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, graft versus host disease, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, atherosclerosis, uveitis and non-radiographic spondyloarthropathy.
• a therapeutically effective dose will generally be in the range of approximately 0.01 mg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight per dosage of a compound of the invention; preferably, from about 0.1 mg to about 5 mg/kg of body weight per dosage.
• the dosage range would be approximately 0.7 mg to about 750 mg per dosage of a compound of the invention, preferably from about 7.0 mg to about 350 mg per dosage.
• Some degree of routine dose optimization may be required to determine an optimal dosing level and pattern.
• the active ingredient may be administered from 1 to 6 times a day.
• the compounds of the invention are typically administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
• Such compositions can be prepared using procedures well known in the pharmaceutical art and generally comprise at least one compound of the invention and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the compounds of the invention may also be administered alone or in combination with adjuvants that enhance stability of the compounds of the invention, facilitate administration of pharmaceutical compositions containing them in certain embodiments, provide increased dissolution or dispersion, increased antagonist activity, provide adjunct therapy, and the like.
• the compounds according to the invention may be used on their own or in conjunction with other active substances according to the invention, optionally also in conjunction with other pharmacologically active substances.
• the compounds of this invention are administered in a therapeutically or pharmaceutically effective amount, but may be administered in lower amounts for diagnostic or other purposes.
• Administration of the compounds of the invention, in pure form or in an appropriate pharmaceutical composition can be carried out using any of the accepted modes of administration of pharmaceutical compositions.
• administration can be, for example, orally, buccally (e.g., sublingually), nasally, parenterally, topically, transdermally, vaginally, or rectally, in the form of solid, semi-solid, lyophilized powder, or liquid dosage forms, such as, for example, tablets, suppositories, pills, soft elastic and hard gelatin capsules, powders, solutions, suspensions, or aerosols, or the like, preferably in unit dosage forms suitable for simple administration of precise dosages.
• the pharmaceutical compositions will generally include a conventional pharmaceutical carrier or excipient and a compound of the invention as the/an active agent, and, in addition, may include other medicinal agents, pharmaceutical agents, carriers, adjuvants, diluents, vehicles, or combinations thereof.
• Such pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, or additives as well as methods of making pharmaceutical compositions for various modes or administration are well-known to those of skill in the art. The state of the art is evidenced, e.g., by Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, 20th Edition, A. Gennaro (ed.), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2000; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Additives, Michael & Irene Ash (eds.), Gower, 1995; Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients, A.

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