WO2015154618A1 - 轮毂单元 - Google Patents

轮毂单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154618A1
WO2015154618A1 PCT/CN2015/074653 CN2015074653W WO2015154618A1 WO 2015154618 A1 WO2015154618 A1 WO 2015154618A1 CN 2015074653 W CN2015074653 W CN 2015074653W WO 2015154618 A1 WO2015154618 A1 WO 2015154618A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tapered roller
bearing
roller bearing
sleeve
hub unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/074653
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕继贤
蒲光明
Original Assignee
山东浩信机械有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410149431.4A external-priority patent/CN103912587B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410413043.2A external-priority patent/CN104175800B/zh
Application filed by 山东浩信机械有限公司 filed Critical 山东浩信机械有限公司
Priority to EP15776030.7A priority Critical patent/EP3132947B1/en
Priority to US15/303,513 priority patent/US10093128B2/en
Publication of WO2015154618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154618A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/001Hubs with roller-bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0047Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements
    • B60B27/0057Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements the element being a brake drum
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0078Hubs characterised by the fixation of bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/10Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for both radial and axial load
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/28Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with two or more rows of rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F16C19/548Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C21/00Combinations of sliding-contact bearings with ball or roller bearings, for exclusively rotary movement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
    • F16C33/106Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
    • F16C33/1065Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34Rollers; Needles
    • F16C33/36Rollers; Needles with bearing-surfaces other than cylindrical, e.g. tapered; with grooves in the bearing surfaces
    • F16C33/366Tapered rollers, i.e. rollers generally shaped as truncated cones
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6659Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/067Fixing them in a housing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2380/00Bearings
    • B60B2380/10Type
    • B60B2380/14Roller bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2380/00Bearings
    • B60B2380/70Arrangements
    • B60B2380/73Double track
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0073Hubs characterised by sealing means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/02Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02Wheel hubs or castors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/02Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of sliding-contact bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/073Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between shaft and inner race ring

Definitions

  • the invention requires
  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle hub technology, and in particular to a hub unit including a hub body and a rolling bearing.
  • the linear circumference of the inner ring race of the rolling bearing is smaller than the linear circumference of the bearing outer ring raceway, resulting in the relative linear velocity of the bearing inner ring and the bearing rolling element. Will be much higher than the outer ring of the bearing.
  • the hub body and the rolling bearing components of the hub unit are supplied to the customer in the form of a separate structure.
  • the customer needs the current assembly, which is not only inefficient, but also the two pairs of rolling bearings are prone to the inner ring of the bearing during assembly.
  • the problem of loading which affects the assembly accuracy and service life of the bearing.
  • the bearing inner ring of the existing hub unit directly cooperates with the axle, and the sealing property cannot be guaranteed.
  • the specific embodiment is that there is leakage of lubricating material between the bearing outer ring and the hub body, and between the bearing inner ring and the axle.
  • one technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a hub unit to extend the service life of its rolling bearing.
  • a hub unit for a commercial vehicle comprising: a hub body; a first tapered roller bearing and a second tapered roller bearing, the first cone
  • the roller bearing and the second tapered roller bearing are disposed opposite to the hub body, and the outer end of the first tapered roller bearing is provided with an oil seal seat, and the oil seal seat is disposed between the oil seal seat and the hub body
  • An oil seal; two bearing pads, the inner rings of the first tapered roller bearing and the second tapered roller bearing are respectively fitted on one of the bearing bushes.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the bearing bush is provided with an oil groove for storing oil.
  • the state of "moving" solves the problem that the rolling element is not moving, the rolling element and the inner ring raceway slide, generating high temperature, "fatigue pitting" of the inner ring of the bearing, and at the same time, with the rotation, the inner ring of the bearing can alternately enter and receive
  • the force part avoids the damage caused by the partial force and stress concentration of only 1/5 to 1/3 of the whole circle, thereby prolonging the service life of the rolling bearing and improving the bearing capacity of the hub unit.
  • An oil groove for oil storage is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing bush to ensure lubrication between the bearing bush and the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing.
  • the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integral hub unit which can not only extend the service life of the rolling bearing, but also can be integrally provided to the customer, and has high assembly precision and sealing. Good performance, bringing great convenience to customers.
  • an integral hub unit comprising: a hub body; a first tapered roller bearing and a second tapered roller bearing, the first tapered roller bearing And a second tapered roller bearing disposed opposite to the hub body, the first tapered roller bearing
  • the outer end portion is provided with a retaining ring, and a first sealing member is disposed between the retaining ring and the hub body; a bushing, the inner portion of the first tapered roller bearing and the second tapered roller bearing
  • the ring is sleeved on the sleeve, and one end of the sleeve is provided with an annular bead, and a first sealing member is disposed between the annular bead and the hub body, and the retaining ring is sleeved in the The other end of the sleeve.
  • a second sealing element is disposed between the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring.
  • the annular bead abuts against the inner ring of the second tapered roller bearing
  • the retaining ring abuts against the inner ring of the first tapered roller bearing, on the side of the retaining ring
  • the end face of the sleeve is flush with the outer mounting end face of the retaining ring.
  • a bushing is placed on the inner ring of the first tapered roller bearing and the second tapered roller bearing, actually forming a bearing combining rolling and sliding.
  • the bushing is corresponding to the bearing bush, and both are sliding bearings.
  • the two bushings become a bushing, and the mounting precision is higher and more convenient. The resulting effect is also the same, so it will not be described again.
  • a second sealing member is disposed between the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and the inner circumferential surface of the retaining ring to further improve the sealing effect.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the bearing pad of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • 100-wheel hub body 101-first tapered roller bearing, 101A-bearing inner ring, 101B-rolling element, 101C-bearing outer ring, 102-second tapered roller bearing, 103-axle, 104-bearing, 1041- Oil tank, 105-oil seal seat, 106-oil seal, 107-shaft nut, 108-bolt;
  • 200-wheel hub body 201-first tapered roller bearing, 202-second tapered roller bearing, 203-axle, 204-sleeve, 2041-annular collar, 2042-oil passage, 205-stop, 2051 Groove, 206 - first sealing element, 207 - spindle nut, 208 - second sealing element, 209 - brake drum.
  • a hub unit also referred to as a wheel end assembly, is mainly used for commercial vehicles and, of course, can also be used for passenger cars. It includes a hub body 100 mounted at an end of the axle 103.
  • the hub body 100 is provided with a first tapered roller bearing 101 and a second tapered roller bearing 102.
  • the first tapered roller bearing 101 includes a bearing outer ring 101C and a bearing.
  • the ring 101A and the rolling elements 101B, the rolling elements 101B are disposed between the bearing inner ring 101A and the bearing outer ring 101C, and the second tapered roller bearing 102 also includes these components.
  • the first tapered roller bearing 101 is disposed adjacent to the brake drum (not shown), and the hub body 100 and the brake drum assembly are coupled together by a bolt 108, and the second tapered roller bearing 102 is adjacent to the wheel reducer.
  • An oil seal seat 105 is disposed between the first tapered roller bearing 101 and the axle 103, and is located at an outer end of the first tapered roller bearing 101.
  • the oil seal seat 105 is provided with an oil seal 106, and the axle is disposed.
  • a shaft nut 107 is provided on one side of the second tapered roller bearing 102 at 103.
  • a bearing bush 104 is respectively disposed between the bearing inner ring of the first tapered roller bearing 101 and the second tapered roller bearing 102 and the axle 103.
  • the bearing bush 104 is gap-fitted with the bearing inner ring 101A and can be relatively rotated.
  • the bearing pad 104 and the axle 103 are respectively In close fitting, considering the adjustment of the bearing clearance (see Figure 1), the bearing 104 requires a slight axial movement, so this close fit does not mean that the two are fixed.
  • the bearing outer ring 101C is mounted on the hub body 100. Under normal conditions, the bearing outer ring 101C does not phase with the hub body 100. Sliding.
  • the outer surface of the bearing pad 104 is provided with an oil groove 1041 for storing oil.
  • the oil groove 1041 has a "V" shape, and the opening of the "V" shaped oil groove is disposed at one end away from the shoulder of the bearing pad 104.
  • the oil groove 1041 has four strips and is distributed in an array.
  • the shape and number of the oil grooves 1041 are not limited thereto.
  • Brake drum and wheel reducer assemblies are well known and their specific construction is not described herein.
  • a one-piece hub unit includes a hub body 200 coupled to a brake drum 209, and two opposite tapered roller bearings 201 are disposed in the hub body 200. And a second tapered roller bearing 202. The two rolling bearings are placed on a bushing 204 which is fitted over the axle 203.
  • a plurality of oil passages 2042 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 204 to ensure lubrication between the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve 204 and the inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the rolling bearing, and the shape and number of the oil passage 2042 are This is not limited.
  • one end of the sleeve 204 is provided with an annular bead 2041.
  • the annular bead 2041 is integrated with the sleeve 204, and the annular bead 2041 is abutted against the second tapered roller.
  • the other end of the sleeve 204 is fitted with a retaining ring 205 which abuts against the inner ring of the first tapered roller bearing 201.
  • a first sealing element 206 is disposed between the annular bead 2041 and the hub body 200 and between the retaining ring 205 and the hub body 200.
  • a second sealing member 208 is disposed between the retaining ring 205 and the sleeve 204. Both the first sealing element 206 and the second sealing element 208 are contemplated by those of ordinary skill in the art, such as seals, oil seals, and the like.
  • the retaining ring 205 is provided with a recess 2051.
  • the recess 2051 is located at an end of the retaining ring 205 away from the first tapered roller bearing 201.
  • the side of the axle 203 adjacent to the annular bead 2041 is provided for adjusting the bearing clearance and providing a pre-preparation. Tightening nut nut 207.
  • the end face of the sleeve 204 is flush with the mounting end face of the retaining ring 205.
  • the shoulder of the axle 203 simultaneously abuts against the end faces of the retaining ring 205 and the sleeve 204.
  • the axial preload force provided by the spindle nut 207 is transferred to both ends of the sleeve 204, thereby avoiding the axial preload force directly and always acting on the inner ring of the rolling bearing. In turn, the deformation of the raceway is reduced, and the service life of the rolling bearing is improved.
  • the sliding bearing (sleeve or bush) is used in combination with the rolling bearing.
  • the inner ring of the bearing slips intermittently to balance the inner raceway (that is, the whole circumference participates in the force), which improves the bearing inner raceway resistance. Friction performance and impact resistance.
  • the problem that the rolling element slides in the inner ring of the bearing, generates high temperature and then pitting corrosion of the inner ring of the bearing is avoided, thereby prolonging the service life of the rolling bearing and improving the bearing capacity of the hub unit.
  • the realization of the independent seal can be provided to the customer as a whole, compared with the split structure, avoiding the problem of the inner ring of the bearing being adjusted and mixed when the customer assembles himself, which improves the assembly efficiency and improves the assembly precision. Customers bring great convenience.
  • the axial preload force provided by the shaft nut is transferred to both ends of the sleeve, thereby avoiding the axial preload force directly and always acting on the inner ring of the rolling bearing. , thereby reducing the deformation of the raceway and prolonging the service life of the rolling bearing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种轮毂单元,包括轮毂本体(100,200);第一圆锥滚子轴承(101,201)和第二圆锥滚子轴承(102,202),两者相对设置于轮毂本体(100,200)内;在第一圆锥滚子轴承(101,201)和第二圆锥滚子轴承(102,202)的内圈内套设轴瓦(104)或轴套(204),从而形成滚动与滑动相结合的轴承,有效吸收高强度载荷,避免发生滚动体在轴承内圈滑动、产生高温进而疲劳点蚀轴承内圈的问题;同时,在轴承外侧端部与轮毂本体(100,200)之间设置密封件,形成整体式独立密封,避免装配时出现轴承内圈对调混装的问题,提高了装配效率与精度。

Description

轮毂单元
郑重声明
本发明要求了
1)申请日为2014年4月12日、申请号为CN201410149431.4、名称为“用于商用车的轮端总成”的中国发明专利申请的优先权。
2)申请日为2014年8月20日、申请号为CN201410413043.2、名称为“整体式轮毂”的中国发明专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆轮毂技术领域,具体涉及一种包含轮毂本体及滚动轴承的轮毂单元。
背景技术
随着中国高速公路和汽车物流产业的快速发展,商用车/乘用车的数量越来越多。在车辆的滚动轴承与轮毂本体装配到车桥上后,轴承外圈相对于轮轴转动,但轴承内圈相对于轮轴不能转动。轴承内圈只在底部范围(约占整圈的1/5~1/3)受力,应力集中,且每一次工作循环即外圈滚道工作一个圆周的磨损程度都只对应着内圈滚道底部范围的磨损程度,二者寿命程度“严重不对等”,滚动轴承内圈滚道的线性周长又小于轴承外圈滚道的线性周长,导致轴承内圈与轴承滚动体的相对线速度会远远高于轴承外圈。车辆平稳行驶时,轴承正常运转,滚动体处于“滚得动”状态;车辆行驶在凹凸不平路段时,会造成滚动体的瞬间“滚不动”状态,滚动体与内圈滚道滑动,产生高温,开始“疲劳点蚀”轴承内圈,连续多次的重复过程后,会造成轴承内圈滚道的胶合、烧蚀,最终导致滚动轴承失效。
另外,轮毂单元的轮毂本体及滚动轴承等组件,生产商都是以分体结构的形式提供给客户的,客户需要现行组装,不仅效率低,而且两副滚动轴承在组装时极易出现轴承内圈对调混装的问题,从而影响轴承的装配精度和使用寿命。不仅如此,现有轮毂单元的轴承内圈与轮轴直接配合,密封性无法保证,具体体现在:轴承外圈与轮毂本体之间、轴承内圈与轮轴之间都存在润滑物质泄漏。而且,用于调节轴承游隙的轴头螺母,在预紧后产生的作用力直接并一直作用 在轴承内圈上,进而在使用过程中,会导致滚道发生形变,大大降低了滚动轴承的使用寿命。
发明内容
为了克服轮毂单元中存在的上述缺陷,本发明所要解决的一个技术问题是:提供一种轮毂单元,以延长其滚动轴承的使用寿命。
为解决上述第一个技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种用于商用车的轮毂单元,包括:轮毂本体;第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承相对设置于所述轮毂本体内,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承的外侧端部设有一个油封座,所述油封座与所述轮毂本体之间设有油封;两个轴瓦,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈分别套装于一个所述轴瓦上。
其中,所述轴瓦的外周面设有用于储油的油槽。
采用了上述技术方案后,本发明的有益效果是:
1)由于在第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上分别套装了一个轴瓦,实际上形成了一种滚动与滑动组合的轴承,使用时,将轴瓦套装到轮轴上,当圆锥滚子轴承受力骤增、滚动体与轴承内圈出现“滚不动”状态时,轴承内圈产生滑动,当冲击载荷消失后,滚动体弹性形变恢复,滚动体又恢复到“滚得动”状态,解决了瞬间滚动体滚不动,滚动体与内圈滚道滑动,产生高温,“疲劳点蚀”轴承内圈的问题,同时,随着转动,轴承内圈得以交替进入受力部位,避免了只是整圈的1/5~1/3局部受力、应力集中造成的损坏,从而延长了滚动轴承的使用寿命,提高了轮毂单元的承载能力。
2)在轴瓦的外周面设置用于储油的油槽,以保证轴瓦与圆锥滚子轴承内圈之间的润滑。
作为同一种技术构思,本发明所要解决的第二个技术问题是:提供一种整体式的轮毂单元,不仅可以延长其滚动轴承的使用寿命,而且可以整体式的提供给客户,装配精度高,密封性能好,给客户带来了极大的便利。
为解决上述第二个技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种整体式轮毂单元,包括:轮毂本体;第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承相对设置于所述轮毂本体内,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承 的外侧端部设有一个挡圈,所述挡圈与所述轮毂本体之间设有一个第一密封件;一个轴套,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈均套装于所述轴套上,所述轴套的一端设有一环形凸圈,所述环形凸圈与所述轮毂本体之间设有一个第一密封件,所述挡圈套装在所述轴套的另一端。
其中,所述轴套的外周面与所述挡圈的内周面之间设有第二密封元件。
其中,所述环形凸圈顶靠于所述第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上,所述挡圈顶靠于所述第一圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上,位于所述挡圈一侧的所述轴套的端面与所述挡圈的外侧安装端面平齐。
采用了上述技术方案后,本发明的有益效果是:
1)与解决第一个技术问题的技术方案相似,在第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上套装了一个轴套,实际上形成了一种滚动与滑动组合的轴承,轴套与轴瓦相应,都是滑动轴承,而且,由两个轴瓦变成了一个轴套,安装精度更高也更方便。由此产生的效果也相同,故不再赘述。
2)由于所述轴套的一端设有一环形凸圈,所述轴套的另一端套装挡圈,所述环形凸圈与所述轮毂本体之间、以及挡圈与所述轮毂本体之间均设有一个第一密封件,这样的结构,实现了独立密封,避免了润滑物质泄漏。与分体式结构相比,可以整体式的提供给客户,避免了客户自行装配时出现轴承内圈对调混装的问题,既提高了装配效率又提高了装配精度,给客户带来了极大的便利。
3)所述轴套的外周面与所述挡圈的内周面之间设有第二密封元件,进一步提高密封效果。
4)由于所述环形凸圈顶靠于所述第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上,所述挡圈顶靠于所述第一圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上,所述轴套的位于所述挡圈一侧的端面与所述挡圈的外侧安装端面平齐,按照设定并调整好轴承游隙后,轴头螺母提供的轴向预紧力就转移到了轴套的两端,从而避免了轴向预紧力直接并一直作用在滚动轴承的内圈上,进而减小了滚道受力形变,延长了滚动轴承的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一的结构剖视图;
图2是图1中轴瓦的结构示意图;
图3是本发明实施例二的结构剖视图;
图4是图3中A处的局部放大图;
图5是本发明实施例二使用状态的结构剖视图;
图中:
100-轮毂本体,101-第一圆锥滚子轴承,101A-轴承内圈,101B-滚动体,101C-轴承外圈,102-第二圆锥滚子轴承,103-轮轴,104-轴瓦,1041-油槽,105-油封座,106-油封,107-轴头螺母,108-螺栓;
200-轮毂本体,201-第一圆锥滚子轴承,202-第二圆锥滚子轴承,203-轮轴,204-轴套,2041-环形凸圈,2042-油道,205-挡圈,2051-凹槽,206-第一密封元件,207-轴头螺母,208-第二密封元件,209-制动鼓。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例一
如图1所示,一种轮毂单元,也称为轮端总成,主要用于商用车,当然,也可以用于乘用车。它包括安装在轮轴103端部的轮毂本体100,轮毂本体100内设有第一圆锥滚子轴承101和第二圆锥滚子轴承102,第一圆锥滚子轴承101包括轴承外圈101C、轴承内圈101A和滚动体101B,滚动体101B设置在轴承内圈101A与轴承外圈101C之间,第二圆锥滚子轴承102也包括这些部件。第一圆锥滚子轴承101靠近制动鼓(图中未示出)设置,通过螺栓108将轮毂本体100和制动鼓总成连接在一起,第二圆锥滚子轴承102靠近轮边减速器总成(图中未示出)设置,第一圆锥滚子轴承101与轮轴103之间设有油封座105,位于第一圆锥滚子轴承101外侧端部,油封座105上套装有油封106,轮轴103上位于第二圆锥滚子轴承102的一侧设有轴头螺母107。
第一圆锥滚子轴承101和第二圆锥滚子轴承102的轴承内圈与轮轴103之间分别设有一个轴瓦104,轴瓦104与轴承内圈101A间隙配合,可以相对转动,轴瓦104与轮轴103之间紧密配合,考虑到调整轴承游隙时(参见图1),轴瓦104需要轻微的轴向移动,因而,这种紧密配合并不意味两者固定。轴承外圈101C安装于轮毂本体100上,在正常情况下,轴承外圈101C与轮毂本体100不发生相 对滑动。
如图2所示,为了加强润滑,轴瓦104的外表面设有用于储油的油槽1041,油槽1041呈“V”形,“V”形油槽的敞口设置在背离轴瓦104的轴肩的一端,油槽1041有四条且阵列分布。当然,油槽1041的形状和数量不局限于此。
制动鼓和轮边减速器总成是公知的,其具体结构在此不在赘述。
实施例二
如图3和图5共同所示,一种整体式的轮毂单元,它包括与制动鼓209连接的轮毂本体200,该轮毂本体200内设有两个相对设置的第一圆锥滚子轴承201和第二圆锥滚子轴承202。这两个滚动轴承套装于一个轴套204上,轴套204套装于轮轴203上。
如图4所示,轴套204的外周面上设有若干油道2042,以保证轴套204的外周面与滚动轴承内圈的内周面之间的润滑,至于油道2042的形状和数量在此不作限定。
如图3和图5共同所示,轴套204的一端设有一环形凸圈2041,为了便于制造,环形凸圈2041与轴套204设为一体,环形凸圈2041顶靠在第二圆锥滚子轴承202的内圈上。轴套204的另一端套装有一个挡圈205,挡圈205顶靠在第一圆锥滚子轴承201的内圈上。环形凸圈2041与轮毂本体200之间以及挡圈205与轮毂本体200之间均设有一个第一密封元件206。挡圈205与轴套204之间为紧密配合,考虑到调整轴承游隙时(参见图5),挡圈205需要轻微的轴向移动,因而,这种紧密配合并不意味两者固定。为了提高两者配合面的密封性能,挡圈205与轴套204之间设有第二密封元件208。第一密封元件206和第二密封元件208均采用本领域的普通技术人员能够想到的,例如密封圈、油封等。
挡圈205上设有一凹槽2051,凹槽2051位于挡圈205的远离第一圆锥滚子轴承201的一端,轮轴203上靠近环形凸圈2041的一侧设有用于调整轴承游隙并提供预紧力的轴头螺母207。从图3可以看出,轴套204的端面与挡圈205的安装端面平齐,从图5可以看出,轮轴203的轴肩同时顶靠于挡圈205和轴套204的端面上。根据设定、调整好轴承游隙后,轴头螺母207提供的轴向预紧力就转移到了轴套204的两端,从而避免了轴向预紧力直接并一直作用在滚动轴承的内圈上,进而减小滚道受力形变,提高滚动轴承的使用寿命。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
1、滑动轴承(轴套或轴瓦)与滚动轴承组合使用,在冲击、振动载荷下轴承内圈间歇滑转使内滚道均衡受力(即整圆周参与受力),提高了轴承内滚道抗摩擦性能及抗冲击能力。避免了滚动体在轴承内圈内滑动、产生高温进而疲劳点蚀轴承内圈的问题,从而延长了滚动轴承的使用寿命,提高了轮毂单元的承载能力。
2、实现了独立密封,可以整体式的提供给客户,与分体式结构相比,避免了客户自行装配时出现轴承内圈对调混装的问题,既提高了装配效率又提高了装配精度,给客户带来了极大的便利。
3、按照设定并调整好轴承游隙后,轴头螺母提供的轴向预紧力就转移到了轴套的两端,从而避免了轴向预紧力直接并一直作用在滚动轴承的内圈上,进而减小了滚道受力形变,延长了滚动轴承的使用寿命。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于商用车的轮毂单元,包括:
    轮毂本体;
    第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承相对设置于所述轮毂本体内,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承的外侧端部设有一个油封座,所述油封座与所述轮毂本体之间设有油封;其特征在于,所述轮毂单元还包括,
    两个轴瓦,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈分别套装于一个所述轴瓦上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轮毂单元,其特征在于,所述轴瓦的外周面设有用于储油的油槽。
  3. 一种整体式轮毂单元,包括:
    轮毂本体;
    第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承相对设置于所述轮毂本体内,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承的外侧端部设有一个挡圈,所述挡圈与所述轮毂本体之间设有一个第一密封件;其特征在于,所述轮毂单元还包括,
    一个轴套,所述第一圆锥滚子轴承和第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈均套装于所述轴套上,所述轴套的一端设有一环形凸圈,所述环形凸圈与所述轮毂本体之间设有一个第一密封件,所述挡圈套装在所述轴套的另一端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的轮毂单元,其特征在于,所述轴套的外周面上设有用于储油的油道。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轮毂单元,其特征在于,所述轴套的外周面与所述挡圈的内周面之间设有第二密封元件。
  6. 根据权利要求3、4或5所述的任一轮毂单元,其特征在于,所述环形凸圈顶靠于所述第二圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上,所述挡圈顶靠于所述第一圆锥滚子轴承的内圈上,位于所述挡圈一侧的所述轴套的端面与所述挡圈的外侧安装端面平齐。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的轮毂单元,其特征在于,所述环形凸圈与所述轴套设置为一体。
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