WO2015146961A1 - フォルステライト微粒子の製造方法 - Google Patents
フォルステライト微粒子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015146961A1 WO2015146961A1 PCT/JP2015/058863 JP2015058863W WO2015146961A1 WO 2015146961 A1 WO2015146961 A1 WO 2015146961A1 JP 2015058863 W JP2015058863 W JP 2015058863W WO 2015146961 A1 WO2015146961 A1 WO 2015146961A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- fine particles
- forsterite fine
- water
- particle diameter
- Prior art date
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- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 organic acid salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960005336 magnesium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004337 magnesium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000002538 magnesium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H trimagnesium dicitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 7
- LZFFTXYPIUCBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OCC([O-])=O.OCC([O-])=O LZFFTXYPIUCBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium lactate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000626 magnesium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015229 magnesium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004658 magnesium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JFQQIWNDAXACSR-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium malate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C(O)CC([O-])=O JFQQIWNDAXACSR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940096424 magnesium malate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095060 magnesium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- MUZDLCBWNVUYIR-ZVGUSBNCSA-L magnesium;(2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O MUZDLCBWNVUYIR-ZVGUSBNCSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- AICDYVDWYUUUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;propanedioate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O AICDYVDWYUUUGL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- OKUCEQDKBKYEJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-(methylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CNC1CCN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C1 OKUCEQDKBKYEJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000869 magnesium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960004106 citric acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052634 enstatite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBCCCLINBSELLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].O[Si](O)=O BBCCCLINBSELLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFSCUAXLTRFIDC-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-oxalosuccinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](C(O)=O)C(=O)C(O)=O UFSCUAXLTRFIDC-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Citric acid monohydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017625 MgSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002303 citric acid monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006015 heat resistant resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/22—Magnesium silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/20—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in magnesium oxide, e.g. forsterite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
- C04B35/62655—Drying, e.g. freeze-drying, spray-drying, microwave or supercritical drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/02—Compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C09C1/028—Compounds containing only magnesium as metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/28—Compounds of silicon
- C09C1/30—Silicic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/449—Organic acids, e.g. EDTA, citrate, acetate, oxalate
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing forsterite fine particles useful for various ceramics, translucent decorative materials, electronic parts and the like.
- a composite insulating material in which insulating ceramics (for example, silica) fine particles are filled with a heat-resistant resin such as an epoxy resin has been put to practical use as an integrated circuit sealing material.
- insulating ceramics for example, silica
- a heat-resistant resin such as an epoxy resin
- Magnesium and silicon-containing oxides typified by forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) and enstatite (MgSiO 3 ) have low dielectric loss in the high frequency region and are known as materials showing high insulation, and are used in the microwave region. It is used as a dielectric ceramic material.
- Mg (OH) 2 powder or MgO powder and SiO 2 powder having an average primary particle size of 10 ⁇ m or less are mixed and pulverized in water, spray-dried by a spray dryer, fired at 1100 ° C., and then further wetted.
- a method for producing MgO—SiO 2 oxide powder having an average primary particle size of 0.05 to 0.15 ⁇ m by pulverization and spray drying is disclosed.
- this method if the wet pulverization after firing is omitted, particles of 1 ⁇ m or more are formed. For this reason, wet pulverization is required twice in the manufacturing process, which is a very complicated manufacturing method.
- Patent Document 2 a mixed liquid obtained by mixing a magnesium nitrate aqueous solution and an ethyl silicate solution so that the magnesium amount and the silicon amount are in a molar ratio of 2: 1 is thermally decomposed at 900 ° C. by a spray pyrolysis method. Discloses a method for producing forsterite powder. However, the average particle diameter of the obtained powder is as large as 0.78 ⁇ m, and when used as a filler of a translucent composite insulating material, the translucency cannot be sufficiently increased. *
- Patent Document 3 a solution in which a micro hollow inorganic material or a precursor thereof is dissolved in a liquid medium, or a dispersion liquid dispersed in the liquid medium is made into micro droplets, and the high temperature atmosphere in which the inorganic material is sintered or melted is disclosed.
- a method for producing a crystalline microhollow body by supplying is disclosed.
- the particle diameter of the forsterite hollow body obtained by this method is as large as 2.4 ⁇ m, and when used as a filler of a translucent composite insulating material, the translucency cannot be sufficiently increased.
- JP 2003-327470 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-2640 JP-A-7-96165
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is useful for various ceramics, translucent decorative materials, electronic parts and the like, and particularly as an insulating material having a low dielectric loss in a high frequency region for electronic parts. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing fine forsterite fine particles having a fine particle diameter that can be used and can improve the translucency of particles.
- the present inventors have spray-dried a solution containing a water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica, and then baked at a temperature of 800 to 1000 ° C. in the atmosphere. It has been found that forsterite fine particles having a primary particle diameter in the range of 1 to 200 nm by electron microscope observation can be produced without going through a pulverization process.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing forsterite fine particles according to any one of the following first to fourth aspects. *
- a solution containing a water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica in a molar ratio of magnesium atom to silicon atom (Mg / Si) 2 is sprayed and dried in a temperature atmosphere of 50 ° C. or more and less than 300 ° C., and then the atmosphere
- Forsterite fine particles characterized in that forsterite fine particles having a primary particle diameter in the range of 1 to 200 nm by electron microscope observation are obtained by firing in a temperature atmosphere of 800 to 1000 ° C.
- Second aspect The method for producing forsterite fine particles according to the first aspect, wherein a primary particle diameter of the colloidal silica observed with an electron microscope is 2 to 100 nm
- Third aspect The method for producing forsterite fine particles according to the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the water-soluble magnesium salt is an organic acid salt of magnesium
- Fourth aspect The organic acid salt of magnesium is at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium citrate, magnesium glycolate, magnesium malate, magnesium tartrate, magnesium lactate, magnesium malonate, magnesium succinate, and magnesium acetate.
- the production method of the present invention makes it possible to easily produce forsterite fine particles having a primary particle diameter in the range of 1 to 200 nm by electron microscope observation.
- the forsterite fine particles produced according to the present invention can not only increase the translucency of particles when used as a filler of a composite insulating material, but also a high refractive index coating agent, antireflection agent, metal, It can also be used as a microfiller for composite materials such as plastics and ceramics. Further, when used as a dielectric ceramic sintered body used in the microwave region, the sintering temperature can be lowered.
- FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a TEM photograph of Example 1.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing forsterite fine particles.
- a method for preparing a solution containing a water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica is not particularly limited, and the water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica may be appropriately mixed in water by an arbitrary technique.
- the ratio of magnesium atoms to silicon atoms is 2 in terms of Mg / Si molar ratio.
- the water-soluble magnesium salt may use the powder, but it is preferable to use it beforehand as an aqueous solution.
- the solid content concentration in terms of MgO in the aqueous solution may be arbitrary, but is preferably 1 to 20% by mass.
- the colloidal silica an aqueous dispersion thereof is preferably used, and the solid content concentration in terms of SiO 2 may be arbitrary, but is preferably 1 to 40% by mass.
- the solid content concentration of the solution containing the water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica may be arbitrary, but is preferably 1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 2 to 5% by mass in terms of Mg 2 SiO 4 .
- the water-soluble magnesium salt used in the present invention is a magnesium salt that dissolves 1% by mass or more in water at 25 ° C., and is an inorganic acid salt of magnesium such as magnesium chloride, magnesium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium citrate, glycol Examples thereof include organic acid salts of magnesium such as magnesium oxide, magnesium malate, magnesium tartrate, magnesium lactate, magnesium malonate, magnesium succinate, and magnesium acetate. *
- poorly water-soluble magnesium salts such as magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate are hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, etc. Those dissolved in acid can also be used.
- the water-soluble magnesium salt can be used alone or in combination of two or more. *
- an organic acid salt of magnesium from the viewpoint of the corrosiveness of gas generated during drying or firing.
- the colloidal silica used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the primary particle diameter by observation with an electron microscope is 1 to 1000 nm, but the primary particle diameter is preferably 2 to 100 nm.
- the production method of colloidal silica is not particularly limited, and commercially available colloidal silica produced by a method of growing colloidal particles using water glass as a raw material or a method of growing particles after hydrolyzing silicon alkoxide can be used.
- Colloidal silica is usually marketed in the form of an aqueous silica sol (for example, Snowtex (registered trademark) OXS, Snowtex O, Snowtex 30).
- the organic solvent dispersion is commercially available as an organosilica sol.
- Known dispersion media for organosilica sol include methanol, isopropanol, ethylene glycol, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and ethyl acetate.
- the water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica are uniformly mixed It is preferable to dry with a spray dryer, drum dryer, vacuum dryer, freeze dryer or the like. In particular, it is preferable to use a spray dryer because it can be dried while maintaining a uniform mixed state in the solution.
- the temperature atmosphere during drying is 50 ° C. or higher and lower than 300 ° C., and is preferably lower than the decomposition temperature of the water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica used.
- Calcination of the obtained dried powder has a temperature atmosphere in the range of 800 to 1000 ° C.
- the firing time is 0.5 to 50 hours, preferably 1 to 20 hours.
- the temperature atmosphere during firing exceeds 1000 ° C.
- the primary particle diameter of the obtained forsterite fine particles becomes larger than 200 nm, so it is difficult to increase the translucency of the particles when used as a filler of a composite insulating material. This is not preferable.
- the temperature atmosphere at the time of baking is less than 800 degreeC, since a water-soluble magnesium salt and colloidal silica do not fully react and a forsterite microparticle cannot be obtained, it is unpreferable.
- the primary particle diameter by electron microscope observation refers to the particle diameter of individual fine particles observed using a transmission electron microscope.
- Example 1 Colloidal silica (Snowtex (registered trademark) OXS, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., silica concentration 10.6% by mass, primary particle diameter 5 nm by electron microscope observation) mixed with 283.4 g of pure water, manufactured 1334.8 g of the magnesium citrate aqueous solution obtained in Example 1 was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- the obtained mixture had a specific gravity of 1.04, a viscosity of 1.8 mPa ⁇ s, and a pH of 5.2.
- Example 2 Colloidal silica (Snowtex (registered trademark) OXS, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., silica concentration 10.6 mass%, primary particle diameter 5 nm by electron microscope observation) mixed with 28.3 g of pure water 337.3 g 134.4 g of the magnesium glycolate aqueous solution obtained in Example 2 was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes.
- the obtained mixture had a specific gravity of 1.02, a viscosity of 1.8 mPa ⁇ s, and a pH of 5.3.
- the produced phase was a substantially single phase of forsterite, and the specific surface area by the nitrogen adsorption method was 18.1 m 2 / g.
- the primary particle size was 30 to 50 nm as observed by a transmission electron microscope.
- the product phase was a mixed phase of forsterite, magnesium oxide and enstatite.
- the obtained mixed solution was sprayed using a spray dryer (Palvis Mini Spray GA-22, manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.) at an inlet temperature of 180 ° C., an atomizing air pressure of 1.35 kgf / cm 2 , and an aspirator flow rate of 0. Drying was performed under the conditions of 30 m 3 / min and a liquid feed rate of 5 g / min. At this time, the outlet temperature was 80 ⁇ 2 ° C., and 4.8 g of white dry powder was obtained. 1.0 g of the obtained dry powder is put into a crucible and fired in the atmosphere at a temperature of 500 ° C. for 2 hours using an electric furnace, and then in the atmosphere at a temperature of 800 ° C. for 2 hours. 0.7 g was obtained. When the obtained powder was identified by X-ray diffraction analysis, the product phase was a mixed phase of magnesium oxide and amorphous.
- Forsterite fine particle slurry was obtained by accommodating 1 g of forsterite fine particles and 9 g of isopropanol prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 in a glass bottle (capacity 20 mL) and performing ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes.
- the obtained forsterite fine particle slurry was coated on a glass plate using a 25 ⁇ m applicator and then dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to form a forsterite fine particle coating.
- Tt value of the obtained film was measured with a spectroscopic haze meter (NDH 5000, Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.), the Tt value was 95%.
- Test Example 2 A forsterite fine particle slurry was obtained in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that HFF-SO (specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption method was 8.7 m 2 / g) manufactured by Marusu Shaku Kagaku Kaisha, Ltd. was used as the forsterite fine particles.
- the obtained forsterite fine particle slurry was coated on a glass plate using a 25 ⁇ m applicator and then dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to form a forsterite fine particle coating.
- Tt value of the obtained film was measured with a haze meter (NDH 5000, Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.), the Tt value was 86%.
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Abstract
Description
第2観点:前記コロイダルシリカの電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径が2乃至100nmである第1観点に記載のフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法、
第3観点:水溶性マグネシウム塩がマグネシウムの有機酸塩である第1観点又は第2観点に記載のフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法、
第4観点:前記マグネシウムの有機酸塩が、クエン酸マグネシウム、グリコール酸マグネシウム、リンゴ酸マグネシウム、酒石酸マグネシウム、乳酸マグネシウム、マロン酸マグネシウム、コハク酸マグネシウム、酢酸マグネシウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である第3観点に記載のフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法。
純水2058.8gにクエン酸一水和物(関東化学(株)製、特級、99.5質量%)253.5gを溶解し、10.0質量%クエン酸水溶液を得た。得られたクエン酸水溶液を撹拌しながら水酸化マグネシウム(関東化学(株)製、1級、95.0%)105.7gを添加し、室温下で1時間撹拌することにより、クエン酸マグネシウム水溶液を得た。得られたクエン酸マグネシウム水溶液の固形分濃度(MgO換算)は2.9質量%であった。
純水113.4gにグリコール酸(東京化成工業(株)製、98.0質量%)15.2gを溶解し、11.6質量%グリコール酸水溶液を得た。得られたグリコール酸水溶液を撹拌しながら水酸化マグネシウム(関東化学(株)製、1級、95.0質量%)5.8gを添加し、室温下で1時間撹拌することにより、グリコール酸マグネシウム水溶液を得た。得られたグリコール酸マグネシウム水溶液の固形分濃度(MgO換算)は3.0質量%であった。
コロイダルシリカ(スノーテックス(登録商標)OXS、日産化学工業(株)製、シリカ濃度10.6質量%、電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径5nm)283.4gに純水1196.1gを混合後、製造例1で得られたクエン酸マグネシウム水溶液1334.8gを添加し、室温下で30分間撹拌した。得られた混合液の比重は1.04、粘度は1.8mPa・s、pHは5.2であった。得られた混合液2500gをスプレードライヤー(パルビスミニスプレーGA-22型、ヤマト科学(株)製)を使用して、入口温度180℃、アトマイジングエアー圧力1.35kgf/cm2、アスピレーター流量0.30m3/分混合液の送液速度5g/分の条件にて乾燥を行った。このときの出口温度は80±2℃であり、99.6gの白色乾燥粉が得られた。得られた乾燥粉43.1gを坩堝に入れ、電気炉を使用して大気中で500℃の温度で2時間焼成し、次いで大気中で800℃の温度で2時間焼成することにより、白色粉末12.4gを得た。得られた白色粉末をX線回折分析により同定したところ、生成相はフォルステライトのほぼ単一相であり、窒素吸着法による比表面積は18.4m2/gであった。X線回折チャートを図1に示した。また、透過型電子顕微鏡による観察より一次粒子径は30乃至50nmであった。透過型電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示した。
コロイダルシリカ(スノーテックス(登録商標)OXS、日産化学工業(株)製、シリカ濃度10.6質量%、電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径5nm)28.3gに純水337.3gを混合後、製造例2で得られたグリコール酸マグネシウム水溶液134.4gを添加し、室温下で30分間撹拌した。得られた混合液の比重は1.02、粘度は1.8mPa・s、pHは5.3であった。得られた混合液500gをスプレードライヤー(パルビスミニスプレーGA-22型、ヤマト科学(株)製)を使用して、入口温度180℃、アトマイジングエアー圧力1.35kgf/cm2、アスピレーター流量0.30m3/分、混合液の送液速度5g/分の条件にて乾燥を行った。このときの出口温度は80±2℃であり、11.1gの白色乾燥粉を得た。得られた乾燥粉2.0gを坩堝に入れ、電気炉を使用して大気中で500℃の温度で2時間焼成し、次いで大気中で800℃の温度で2時間焼成することにより、白色粉末0.5gを得た。得られた粉末をX線回折分析により同定したところ、生成相はフォルステライトのほぼ単一相であり、窒素吸着法による比表面積は18.1m2/gであった。また、透過型電子顕微鏡による観察より一次粒子径は30乃至50nmであった。
コロイダルシリカ(スノーテックス(登録商標)OXS、日産化学工業(株)製、シリカ10.6質量%、電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径5nm)28.3gに純水119.6gを混合後、製造例1で得られたクエン酸マグネシウム水溶液133.5gを添加し、室温下で30分間撹拌した。得られた混合液の比重は1.04、粘度は1.8mPa・s、pHは5.2であった。得られた混合液281.4gをシャーレに移し、温風乾燥機を使用して、80℃の温度で12時間乾燥し、22.4gの白色乾燥粉が得られた。得られた乾燥粉5.0gを坩堝に入れ、電気炉を使用して大気中で500℃の温度で2時間焼成し、次いで大気中で800℃の温度で2時間に渡り焼成することにより、白色粉末0.5gが得られた。得られた粉末をX線回折分析により同定したところ、生成相はフォルステライト、酸化マグネシウム及びエンスタタイトの混合相であった。
コロイダルシリカ(スノーテックス(登録商標)OXS、日産化学工業(株)製、シリカ濃度10.6質量%、電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径5nm)28.3gに純水247.1gを混合後、水酸化マグネシウム(関東化学(株)製、1級、95.0質量%)5.8gを添加し、室温下で30分間撹拌した。水酸化マグネシウムの20℃における水溶解度は0.001質量%である。得られた混合液の比重は1.04、粘度は1.9mPa・s、pHは9.5であった。得られた混合液をスプレードライヤー(パルビスミニスプレーGA-22型、ヤマト科学(株)製)を使用して、入口温度180℃、アトマイジングエアー圧力1.35kgf/cm2、アスピレーター流量0.30m3/分、混合液の送液速度5g/分の条件にて乾燥を行った。このときの出口温度は80±2℃であり、4.8gの白色乾燥粉が得られた。得られた乾燥粉1.0gを坩堝に入れ、電気炉を使用して大気中で500℃の温度で2時間焼成し、次いで大気中で800℃の温度で2時間焼成することにより、白色粉末0.7gを得た。得られた粉末をX線回折分析により同定したところ、生成相は酸化マグネシウムと非晶質の混合相であった。
[試験例1]
実施例1と同様にして調製したフォルステライト微粒子1gとイソプロパノール9gとをガラスビン(容量20mL)に収容し、10分間超音波処理を行うことにより、フォルステライト微粒子スラリーを得た。得られたフォルステライト微粒子スラリーを25μmのアプリケーターを用いてガラス板上に塗布した後、100℃にて10分間乾燥し、フォルステライト微粒子の被膜を形成した。得られた被膜の全光透過率Tt値を分光ヘーズメーター(NDH 5000、日本電色工業(株))により測定したところ、Tt値は95%であった。
フォルステライト微粒子として丸ス釉薬合資会社製のHFF-SO(窒素吸着法による比表面積は8.7m2/g)を使用した以外は試験例1と同様にして、フォルステライト微粒子スラリーを得た。得られたフォルステライト微粒子スラリーを25μmのアプリケーターを用いてガラス板上に塗布した後、100℃にて10分間乾燥し、フォルステライト微粒子の被膜を形成した。得られた被膜の全光透過率Tt値をヘーズメーター(NDH 5000、日本電色工業(株))により測定したところ、Tt値は86%であった。
Claims (4)
- 水溶性マグネシウム塩及びコロイダルシリカをマグネシウム原子とケイ素原子とのモル比(Mg/Si)2で含有する溶液を50℃以上300℃未満の温度雰囲気に噴霧して乾燥し、その後大気中で800乃至1000℃の温度雰囲気で焼成することにより、電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径が1乃至200nmの範囲のフォルステライト微粒子を得ることを特徴とするフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法。
- 前記コロイダルシリカの電子顕微鏡観察による一次粒子径が2乃至100nmである請求項1に記載のフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法。
- 水溶性マグネシウム塩が、マグネシウムの有機酸塩である請求項1又は2に記載のフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法。
- 前記マグネシウムの有機酸塩が、クエン酸マグネシウム、グリコール酸マグネシウム、リンゴ酸マグネシウム、酒石酸マグネシウム、乳酸マグネシウム、マロン酸マグネシウム、コハク酸マグネシウム、酢酸マグネシウムからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項3に記載のフォルステライト微粒子の製造方法。
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US20160332887A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
US20180244530A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
EP3124457A4 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
US9988278B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
CN105980333B (zh) | 2019-07-05 |
CN105980333A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
JP2015182934A (ja) | 2015-10-22 |
KR20160137530A (ko) | 2016-11-30 |
KR102403099B1 (ko) | 2022-05-26 |
EP3124457A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
TWI647179B (zh) | 2019-01-11 |
TW201540666A (zh) | 2015-11-01 |
EP3124457B1 (en) | 2019-01-30 |
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