WO2015141288A1 - Électrode positive pour batteries secondaires au lithium-ion et batterie secondaire au lithium-ion - Google Patents

Électrode positive pour batteries secondaires au lithium-ion et batterie secondaire au lithium-ion Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015141288A1
WO2015141288A1 PCT/JP2015/052426 JP2015052426W WO2015141288A1 WO 2015141288 A1 WO2015141288 A1 WO 2015141288A1 JP 2015052426 W JP2015052426 W JP 2015052426W WO 2015141288 A1 WO2015141288 A1 WO 2015141288A1
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Prior art keywords
acetylene black
positive electrode
lithium ion
ion secondary
secondary battery
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PCT/JP2015/052426
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
崇資 三浦
北吉　雅則
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トヨタ自動車株式会社
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Publication of WO2015141288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015141288A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery that can improve battery characteristics.
  • a positive electrode in a lithium ion secondary battery is a positive electrode formed in a foil shape from a positive electrode mixture paste obtained by kneading an electrode material such as a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder together with a solvent. It is applied to the surface of the current collector and dried and pressurized.
  • the conductive auxiliary agent is added for imparting conductivity to the positive electrode, and as the conductive auxiliary agent, for example, carbon is used.
  • the carbon added as the conductive auxiliary agent is aggregated and not sufficiently dispersed in the positive electrode, the performance of the positive electrode active material cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the battery characteristics are deteriorated. .
  • lithium ions (Li +) that move in the electrolytic solution and electrons (e ⁇ ) that move through the carbon that is the conductive additive are present. Since discharge is generated by the reaction, it is important that carbon that is a path for electrons is dispersed in the positive electrode and connected in a network.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that hydrophilic carbon black is used as the carbon serving as the conductive auxiliary agent for the positive electrode to improve the dispersibility of the conductive auxiliary agent in the aqueous solution. Further, it is disclosed that acetylene black is used as the carbon serving as the conductive assistant. As described above, when hydrophilic carbon black or acetylene black is used as the carbon serving as the conductive auxiliary agent of the positive electrode, it is considered that the conductive auxiliary agent can be prevented from aggregating in the positive electrode. Depending on the degree of hydrophilicity, the battery characteristics may conversely deteriorate. However, in the past, it was unclear how much the degree of hydrophilicity of carbon added as a conductive additive could prevent the deterioration of battery characteristics by appropriately suppressing the aggregation of conductive additive. .
  • the present invention provides a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery that can appropriately suppress aggregation of the conductive additive and prevent deterioration of battery characteristics.
  • a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery that solve the above problems have the following characteristics. That is, the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery containing a conductive assistant according to claim 1, wherein acetylene black having a hydrophilic functional group on the surface is used as the conductive assistant, and the surface hydrophilicity of the acetylene black is used.
  • the sex group ratio is 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery comprising the positive electrode according to claim 1 as described in claim 2.
  • the present invention it is possible to appropriately suppress the aggregation of the conductive additive and improve the battery characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a lithium ion secondary battery according to this embodiment, and includes a battery case 2 and an electrode body 3.
  • the battery case 2 includes a bottomed rectangular tube-shaped case main body 21 whose one surface (upper surface) is open, and a lid body 22 that is formed in a flat plate shape and closes the opening of the case main body 21.
  • the lid body 22 is provided with a positive electrode terminal 4 a and a negative electrode terminal 4 b that protrude to the outside of the battery case 2.
  • the battery case 2 accommodates the electrode body 3 together with the electrolytic solution.
  • the positive electrode 31, the negative electrode 32, and the separator are laminated so that the separator is interposed between the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32, and the laminated positive electrode 31, negative electrode 32, and separator are wound and flattened. It is comprised by.
  • the positive electrode 31 is obtained by mixing a positive electrode mixture paste obtained by kneading an electrode material such as a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder together with a solvent, on the surface of a positive electrode current collector (one side or It is applied to both sides) and dried and pressed.
  • a positive electrode mixture layer is formed on the surface of the positive electrode current collector.
  • lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide can be used as the positive electrode active material
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • N-methyl is used as the solvent, for example.
  • -2-pyrrolidone (NMP) can be used.
  • acetylene black (AB) which has a hydrophilic functional group on the surface is used as a conductive support agent.
  • the negative electrode 32 is obtained by mixing a negative electrode mixture paste obtained by kneading an electrode material such as a negative electrode active material, a thickener, and a binder together with a solvent, on the surface of a negative electrode current collector (one side or It is applied to both sides) and dried and pressed.
  • a negative electrode mixture layer is formed on the surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • graphite can be used as the negative electrode active material
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
  • water can be used as the solvent.
  • the separator is a sheet-like member made of, for example, a porous polyolefin-based resin, and is disposed between the positive electrode 31 and the negative electrode 32.
  • Examples of the electrolytic solution accommodated in the battery case 2 together with the electrode body 3 include lithium salts such as “LiPF6” as an electrolyte, such as “EC (ethylene carbonate)”, “DMC (dimethyl carbonate)”, or “EMC”. What was dissolved in an organic solvent such as “(ethyl methyl carbonate)” can be used.
  • the positive electrode mixture paste is obtained by kneading an electrode material such as a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder together with a solvent as described above.
  • Acetylene black having a hydrophilic functional group is used.
  • the acetylene black is characterized in that it has a low content of impurities such as iron due to its production method, and has high crystallinity and is less susceptible to oxidative decomposition even under high voltage.
  • the positive electrode in the lithium ion secondary battery 1 It is very useful as a 31 conductive assistant.
  • the acetylene black has a structure in which primary particles are linked in a chain or a tuft of grapes, and has OH groups and COOH groups which are hydrophilic functional groups on the surface thereof. ing.
  • acetylene black what has the surface hydrophilic group rate which shows the ratio of the hydrophilic functional group which exists in the surface is 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less is used.
  • the surface hydrophilic group ratio is determined by analyzing each component of (C—C), (C—O), (C ⁇ O), and (COx) on the surface of acetylene black by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS analysis). Is calculated by the following equation (1).
  • acetylene black having a surface hydrophilic group ratio of 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less as a conductive additive for the positive electrode 31, aggregation of the acetylene black in the positive electrode 31 is suppressed.
  • battery characteristics such as battery resistance and high rate characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery 1 can be improved.
  • the content of the positive electrode active material by decreasing the amount of the conductive additive added to the positive electrode 31.
  • the amount of the conductive additive added is decreased, the conductivity of the positive electrode 31 is lowered and the battery resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 1 is increased.
  • the positive electrode 31 in the present embodiment since the battery resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 1 can be reduced as described above, it is possible to reduce the amount of the conductive additive added to the positive electrode 31.
  • the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is 23.0%, which is higher than 22.4%, the adsorptive power between acetylene blacks decreases, Since the acetylene black particles are separated and the acetylene black network is not sufficiently formed, the battery resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 1 is increased.
  • the surface hydrophilicity of acetylene black as a conductive additive added to the positive electrode 31 it is preferable to set the sex group ratio to 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less.
  • Examples 1 to 5 described below are lithium ion secondary batteries 1 in which the addition amount of acetylene black as a conductive additive is 4.0 wt% with respect to the solid content of the positive electrode mixture paste.
  • 6 to 10 are lithium ion secondary batteries 1 in which the amount of acetylene black, which is a conductive additive, is 2.0 wt% with respect to the solid content of the positive electrode mixture paste.
  • Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black was 18.7% and 23.0%, respectively, were prepared, and for Comparative Examples 6 to 10 described above.
  • the positive electrode mixture paste “lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide (LiNi1 / 3Mn1 / 3Co1 / 3O2)” as a positive electrode active material, “acetylene black (HS-100)” as a conductive additive, and “ “Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)” and “N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP)” as a solvent were used.
  • the positive electrode mixture paste was prepared by first mixing the positive electrode active material and the conductive additive, then adding and kneading the binder, and further adding and mixing and kneading the void forming resin and the solvent.
  • the electrode materials and the solvent were kneaded using a planetary mixer (TK Hibismix (registered trademark) 2P-1 type). Moreover, the viscosity of the obtained positive electrode mixture paste was 2500 cp or more.
  • acetylene black whose surface was hydrophilized by performing plasma treatment on the acetylene black powder was used.
  • the surface hydrophilic group ratio indicating the degree of hydrophilicity of the acetylene black surface was appropriately controlled by changing the plasma treatment time.
  • the plasma treatment is performed using a rotary tabletop vacuum plasma apparatus (YHS-D ⁇ S, manufactured by Sakai Semiconductor Co., Ltd.).
  • the treatment conditions are as follows: plasma generator power: 30 W, frequency: 13.56 kHz, vacuum degree: 30 Pa,
  • the enclosed gas type oxygen
  • the gas flow rate 200 mL / min
  • the chamber rotation speed 10 rpm.
  • untreated acetylene black not subjected to plasma treatment was used.
  • the acetylene black that was not plasma-treated had a surface hydrophilic group ratio of 18.7%.
  • the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black in each example and comparative example was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS analysis) as described above.
  • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis was performed using a “scanning X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyzer (u-XPS), Quantera 2 (manufactured by ULVAC-PHI Co., Ltd.)”.
  • plasma treatment is used as a method for hydrophilizing acetylene black, but acetylene black can be hydrophilized by other methods such as chemical surface treatment or UV treatment.
  • the positive electrode mixture paste thus prepared was applied to a positive electrode current collector made of aluminum foil and dried, and then a positive electrode 31 having a predetermined size was prepared through a pressing step and a cutting step.
  • the application of the positive electrode mixture paste to the positive electrode current collector is performed using a comma coater under the application condition of 0.8 m / min, and the drying of the positive electrode mixture paste applied to the positive electrode current collector is 140. The drying was carried out at a temperature of from 0 to 190 ° C.
  • pressing step pressing was performed with a small roll press so that the density of the positive electrode mixture layer was about 2.8 to 3.2 g / cc.
  • the positive electrode 31 and the separately prepared negative electrode 32 were wound through a separator to form the electrode body 3, and a current collecting terminal was attached to the electrode body 3.
  • the electrode body 3 to which the current collecting terminal was attached was stored in the battery case 2.
  • the lithium ion secondary battery 1 was produced by pouring electrolyte solution into the battery case 2 and sealing it.
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • DMC dimethyl carbonate
  • LiPF6 LiPF6 was added at a concentration of 1.0 M. What was dissolved was used.
  • the prepared lithium ion secondary battery 1 was subjected to CC-CV charging at 1/3 C as an initial charging until reaching 0V to 4.1V.
  • IV resistance was measured at 25 degreeC and SOC60%, and the battery resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery 1 was evaluated. Moreover, the discharge capacity at the time of discharging from 4.1V to 3.0V at 8C was measured, and the high rate characteristic of the lithium ion secondary battery 1 was evaluated.
  • Table 1 and FIG. 4 show the evaluation results for Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which are lithium ion secondary batteries 1 in which the addition amount of acetylene black as a conductive additive is 4.0 wt%. ing.
  • the evaluation results of the battery resistance and the high rate characteristic are represented by comparative values when the value of Comparative Example 1 is 100.
  • Comparative Example 2 in which the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is 23.0%, which is higher than that of Examples 1 to 5, the battery resistance is 102, which is higher than that of Comparative Example 1, and the high rate characteristic is compared with 101. It was not much different from Example 1. This is thought to be because if the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black becomes too high, the adsorption power between acetylene blacks decreases, each acetylene black particle becomes scattered, and the acetylene black network is not sufficiently formed. It is done.
  • the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is preferably in the range of 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less as in Examples 1 to 5. Further, as in Examples 2 to 4, in which the battery resistance is particularly small as 93 to 95 and the high rate characteristic is particularly large as 114 to 116, the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is 20.1% or more and 21.5%. If it is in the range of% or less, it is more preferable.
  • Table 2 and FIG. 5 show the evaluation results for Examples 6 to 10 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4, which are lithium ion secondary batteries 1 in which the addition amount of acetylene black as a conductive additive is 2.0 wt%. ing.
  • the evaluation results of the battery resistance and the high rate characteristic are represented by comparative values when the value of Comparative Example 3 is 100.
  • Comparative Example 4 in which the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is 23.0%, which is higher than those in Examples 6 to 10, the battery resistance is 98, which is lower than that in Comparative Example 3, and the high rate characteristic is 104, which is a comparative example. Although it was higher than 3, no significant effect was observed. This is thought to be because if the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black becomes too high, the adsorption power between acetylene blacks decreases, each acetylene black particle becomes scattered, and the acetylene black network is not sufficiently formed. It is done.
  • the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is preferably in the range of 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less as in Examples 6 to 10. Further, as in Examples 7 to 9, in which the battery resistance is particularly small as 85 to 88 and the high rate characteristic is particularly large as 123 to 129, the surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black is 20.1% or more and 21.5%. If it is in the range of% or less, it is more preferable.
  • the battery resistance of Comparative Example 3 in which the addition amount of acetylene black was 2.0 wt% was higher than the battery resistance of Comparative Example 1 in which the addition amount of acetylene black was 4.0 wt%, but the addition of acetylene black In Examples 6 to 10 in which the amount is 2.0 wt%, the value of the battery resistance with respect to Comparative Example 3 is as low as 85 to 96, and the increase in the battery resistance when the amount of acetylene black added is suppressed is suppressed. It is possible to do.
  • the lithium ion secondary battery 1 having a surface hydrophilic group ratio of acetylene black in the range of 19.5% or more and 22.4% or less, and the range of 20.1% or more and 21.5% or less.
  • the addition of acetylene black is more than in the case of the lithium ion secondary battery using acetylene black that has not been subjected to hydrophilization treatment with a surface hydrophilic group ratio of 18.7%.
  • the amount for example, 4.0 wt% ⁇ 2.0 wt%), the energy density can be improved without increasing the battery resistance.
  • the present invention can be used for a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery containing a conductive additive and a lithium ion secondary battery.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur : une électrode positive pour des batteries secondaires au lithium-ion, qui est apte à améliorer les caractéristiques de batterie d'une batterie secondaire au lithium-ion par suppression de manière adéquate d'une agrégation de noir d'acétylène ; et une batterie secondaire au lithium-ion. L'invention porte sur une électrode positive (31) pour des batteries secondaires au lithium-ion, qui contient un assistant conducteur, et dans laquelle du noir d'acétylène ayant des groupes fonctionnels hydrophiles sur la surface est utilisé en tant qu'assistant conducteur et le taux de groupes fonctionnels hydrophiles sur la surface du noir d'acétylène est de 19,5 % à 22,4 % (inclus).
PCT/JP2015/052426 2014-03-17 2015-01-29 Électrode positive pour batteries secondaires au lithium-ion et batterie secondaire au lithium-ion WO2015141288A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2014-054170 2014-03-17
JP2014054170A JP2015176831A (ja) 2014-03-17 2014-03-17 リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、およびリチウムイオン二次電池

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JP6961952B2 (ja) * 2017-02-20 2021-11-05 住友ベークライト株式会社 成形材料の製造方法
JP2020155199A (ja) * 2017-06-01 2020-09-24 ライオン・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ株式会社 電極用カーボンブラック及び電極スラリー
JP6954030B2 (ja) * 2017-11-15 2021-10-27 トヨタ自動車株式会社 正極および非水電解質二次電池
JP2021039887A (ja) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-11 マクセルホールディングス株式会社 全固体電池用電極、その製造方法、全固体電池およびその製造方法
KR20220044604A (ko) * 2020-06-05 2022-04-08 닝더 엠프렉스 테크놀로지 리미티드 전기화학 디바이스 및 전자 디바이스

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JP2004039443A (ja) * 2002-07-03 2004-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電池およびその製造方法
JP2005310764A (ja) * 2004-03-23 2005-11-04 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 非水電解質電池
JP2007103066A (ja) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-19 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 非水電解液二次電池用電極板、及び非水電解液二次電池
JP2008542979A (ja) * 2005-05-06 2008-11-27 フォステック リチウム インコーポレイテッド リチウム／遷移金属複合酸化物を含む電極材料
WO2009098986A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Pâte aqueuse permettant de former l'électrode d'un dispositif de stockage électrique
WO2013005704A1 (fr) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-10 昭栄化学工業株式会社 Matériau d'électrode positive pour batterie secondaire au lithium-ion, électrode positive pour batterie secondaire au lithium-ion et batterie secondaire au lithium-ion
US20130302672A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2013-11-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Cathode mix for secondary battery and secondary battery comprising the same

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004039443A (ja) * 2002-07-03 2004-02-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電池およびその製造方法
JP2005310764A (ja) * 2004-03-23 2005-11-04 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 非水電解質電池
JP2008542979A (ja) * 2005-05-06 2008-11-27 フォステック リチウム インコーポレイテッド リチウム／遷移金属複合酸化物を含む電極材料
JP2007103066A (ja) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-19 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 非水電解液二次電池用電極板、及び非水電解液二次電池
WO2009098986A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Pâte aqueuse permettant de former l'électrode d'un dispositif de stockage électrique
US20130302672A1 (en) * 2011-02-15 2013-11-14 Lg Chem, Ltd. Cathode mix for secondary battery and secondary battery comprising the same
WO2013005704A1 (fr) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-10 昭栄化学工業株式会社 Matériau d'électrode positive pour batterie secondaire au lithium-ion, électrode positive pour batterie secondaire au lithium-ion et batterie secondaire au lithium-ion

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