WO2015107982A1 - アルミニウム合金材及びその製造方法、並びにアルミニウム合金クラッド材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム合金材及びその製造方法、並びにアルミニウム合金クラッド材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015107982A1 WO2015107982A1 PCT/JP2015/050445 JP2015050445W WO2015107982A1 WO 2015107982 A1 WO2015107982 A1 WO 2015107982A1 JP 2015050445 W JP2015050445 W JP 2015050445W WO 2015107982 A1 WO2015107982 A1 WO 2015107982A1
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum alloy
- brazing
- mass
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- ingot
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 125
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910018131 Al-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910018461 Al—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 124
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018594 Si-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910008465 Si—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910008285 Si—Cu—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021364 Al-Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910016343 Al2Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017566 Cu-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017871 Cu—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002551 Fe-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910019018 Mg 2 Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008288 Si—Fe—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008302 Si—Fe—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018473 Al—Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018566 Al—Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017758 Cu-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017818 Cu—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017931 Cu—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018643 Mn—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006776 Si—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/005—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0012—Brazing heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
- B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
- F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
- F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
- F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
- F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
- F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
- F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy material used as a constituent member of a heat exchanger such as an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof, and an aluminum alloy clad material and a manufacturing method thereof.
- a heat exchanger such as a radiator has a structure in which thin-walled fins 2 processed into a corrugated shape are arranged between a plurality of flat tubes 1 as shown in FIG.
- the tube 1 and the fin 2 are integrally formed. Both ends of the tube 1 are respectively opened in spaces formed by the header 3 and the tank 4.
- a high-temperature refrigerant is sent from the space on one tank side to the space on the other tank side via the tube 1, and the refrigerant having a low temperature is circulated through the tubes 1 and the fins 2.
- a brazing sheet comprising a core material, a lining material, and a brazing material is usually used.
- the core material for example, JIS3003 (Al-0.15 wt% Cu-1.1 wt% Mn) alloy is used, and JIS7072 (Al-1 wt% Zn) is used as the lining material on the inner side of the core material, that is, on the side always in contact with the refrigerant. ) Alloy is used, and a JIS 4045 (Al-10 wt% Si) alloy or the like is usually used as the brazing material outside the core material.
- the tube is integrally joined by brazing together with other members such as fins processed into a corrugated shape. Examples of the brazing method include a flux brazing method, a nocolok brazing method using a non-corrosive flux, and the like. Brazing is performed by heating each member to a temperature around 600 ° C.
- heat exchangers are in the direction of light weight and downsizing, and therefore, it is desired to reduce the thickness of materials.
- members (tubes, headers, etc.) constituting the refrigerant passage have poor external corrosion resistance.
- the fins are buckled during brazing and are melted by diffusion of the brazing. It is known that when fin buckling occurs, the heat efficiency of the heat exchanger decreases due to an increase in ventilation resistance.
- the design concept conventionally used is to strengthen the material mainly by aging precipitation of Mg 2 Si. Therefore, in order to increase the strength, a method of increasing the content of Si and Mg in the core material has been taken. However, when the Si content is increased, the melting point of the core material is significantly lowered. Therefore, since it is not desirable to greatly increase the content of Si for the purpose of brazing at a temperature around 600 ° C., the strength of the tube has also reached its peak.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an aluminum alloy brazing sheet in which a brazing material made of an aluminum alloy containing Cu is clad.
- a brazing material made of an aluminum alloy containing Cu By using an aluminum alloy containing Cu as a brazing material, the melting point of the brazing material is lowered, and the brazing temperature is lowered to 570 to 585 ° C., thereby increasing the contents of Si and Cu in the core material. This makes it possible to increase the strength of the tube.
- Cu is added to the brazing material, the potential of the brazing material becomes noble and the core material may corrode preferentially. This is addressed by adding an element that lowers the potential of Zn or the like to the brazing material.
- the aluminum alloy brazing sheet of Patent Document 1 does not define the presence state of the core material compound. For this reason, there exists a possibility that the solid-solution amount of Si and Cu may fall after brazing addition heat. Thereby, the aging reinforcement
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an aluminum alloy material having high strength and excellent corrosion resistance that can be brazed at a temperature near 600 ° C. and a method for producing the same, and an aluminum alloy clad material and a method for producing the same.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the present inventors have studied that the aging precipitation of Al 2 CuMg as a material design philosophy can be maximized by controlling the structure, while suppressing the decrease in the melting point of the core material. It has been found that a high-strength aluminum alloy material can be obtained.
- the aluminum alloy material according to the present invention includes Si: less than 0.2 mass%, Fe: 0.1 to 0.3 mass%, Cu: 1.0 to 2.5 mass%, Mn: 1.0 to 1.6 mass%, Mg: an aluminum alloy material containing 0.1 to 1.0 mass%, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities, and the number density of Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more is 1.0 ⁇ 10 and five or / mm 2 or more, and the number density of the circle equivalent diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more Al 2 Cu is equal to or is 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / mm 2 or less.
- the aluminum alloy material according to the present invention further includes Ti: 0.05 to 0.2 mass%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.2 mass%, V: 0.05 to 0.2 mass%, Cr: 0.05 to 0. It is preferable to contain one or more of 2 mass%.
- the aluminum alloy clad material according to the present invention is characterized in that a brazing material or a sacrificial anode material is provided on one surface of the core material.
- the aluminum alloy clad material according to the present invention is characterized in that a brazing material is provided on one surface of the core material and a sacrificial anode material is provided on the other surface of the core material.
- the brazing material is more preferably an Al—Si based alloy containing Si: 7.0 to 12.0 mass%, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.
- the brazing material is preferably an Al—Si—Cu alloy containing Si: 7.0 to 12.0 mass%, Cu: 1.0 to 2.5 mass%, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. .
- the brazing material contains Si: 7.0 to 12.0 mass%, Cu: 1.0 to 2.5 mass%, Zn: 0.1 to 3.0 mass%, and the balance Al and inevitable impurities are Al.
- a —Si—Cu—Zn alloy is more preferable.
- the method for producing an aluminum alloy material according to the present invention includes a casting process for casting an aluminum alloy, a heating process for heating the ingot, and a rolling process for subjecting the heated ingot to hot rolling and cold rolling.
- heat treatment is performed at 420 ° C. to 550 ° C.
- a holding time at 320 ° C. to 400 ° C. is 6 minutes or less.
- the method further includes a homogenization treatment step in which the ingot is homogenized at 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. after the casting step.
- the method further includes an annealing step of performing an annealing process at 200 to 320 ° C. in the middle of the rolling step and at least one after the rolling step.
- the method for producing an aluminum alloy clad material according to the present invention includes a casting step of casting at least one of the aluminum alloy material used as the core material and the aluminum alloy material used as the brazing material and the sacrificial anode material.
- a hot rolling step in which at least one of the ingot for brazing material and the ingot for sacrificial anode material is hot-rolled to a predetermined thickness, and at least one of the hot-rolled brazing material and the hot-rolled sacrificial anode material
- a mating step in which one side is combined with an ingot for core material, a heating step for heating the laminating material, a hot clad rolling step for hot clad rolling the laminating material, and a hot clad rolled mating
- a cold rolling process for performing a cold rolling process on the material, and in the combining process, the brazing material hot-rolled on one surface of the core material ingot or The hot-rolled sacrificial anode material was combined, or the hot-rolled
- a sacrificial anode material is combined, and in the heating step, heat treatment is performed at 420 ° C. to 550 ° C., and after the heating step, a holding time at 320 ° C. to 400 ° C. is 6 minutes or less.
- the method further includes an annealing step in which an annealing treatment is performed at 200 to 320 ° C. in the middle of the cold rolling step and at least one after the cold rolling step.
- the aluminum alloy material of the present invention has high strength and excellent formability. Further, since the aluminum alloy material of the present invention has a high melting point, the aluminum clad material having the aluminum alloy material as a core material can be brazed at a temperature around 600 ° C.
- Mass% mass% (mass%)” is simply referred to as “%”.
- composition of aluminum alloy material In the conventional aluminum alloy material, the material was strengthened by aging precipitation of Mg 2 Si. However, since the melting point of the aluminum alloy material is greatly reduced when the Si content is high, the content of Si is increased for further strengthening of the material, considering brazing at a temperature near 600 ° C. Is not desirable. Therefore, the present inventors have found that a high-strength material can be obtained by utilizing aging precipitation of Al 2 CuMg. Cu also has the effect of lowering the melting point of the aluminum alloy material like Si, but its influence is not as great as that of Si. Even if the content of Cu is relatively large, brazing at a temperature around 600 ° C. is possible in terms of the melting point. For this reason, the material which suppressed content of Si and increased content of Cu was designed.
- the aluminum alloy material of the present invention has Si: less than 0.2%, Fe: 0.1-0.3%, Cu: 1.0-2.5%, Mn: 1.0-1.6%, Mg : Containing 0.1 to 1.0%, the balance being Al and inevitable impurities. Further, one or two of Ti: 0.05 to 0.2%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.2%, V: 0.05 to 0.2%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.2% It may contain seeds or more.
- Si is usually mixed into the mother alloy as an inevitable impurity. It dissolves in the aluminum matrix and improves the strength of the material by solid solution strengthening. Moreover, an intermetallic compound is formed and the strength of the material is improved by precipitation strengthening. However, when a large amount of Cu coexists, single Si or Al—Cu—Si compounds are precipitated. If the Si content is 0.2% or more, these intermetallic compounds are precipitated at the grain boundaries, causing intergranular corrosion and reducing the corrosion resistance. Moreover, there exists a possibility that melting
- Fe forms an intermetallic compound with Mn in an aluminum alloy. This intermetallic compound crystallizes and precipitates, and improves the strength of the material by dispersion strengthening. If the Fe content is less than 0.1%, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the Fe content exceeds 0.3%, Fe that does not form an intermetallic compound with Mn is generated, which becomes a starting point of corrosion. Therefore, the Fe content is 0.1 to 0.3%, preferably 0.1 to 0.2%.
- Mn reacts with Si, Fe, and Cu to form Al—Fe—Mn, Al—Si—Fe—Mn, and Al—Cu—Mn compounds.
- These intermetallic compounds crystallize and precipitate and improve the strength of the material by dispersion strengthening.
- these intermetallic compounds form an interface that is inconsistent with the parent phase, and this interface serves as an annihilation site for vacancies introduced into the aluminum alloy material during brazing.
- the vacancies form dislocation loops during brazing cooling.
- the S ′ phase precipitates unevenly on this dislocation loop. Since the S ′ phase has a small contribution to the strength, the strength of the material is lowered.
- the presence of Al-Fe-Mn, Al-Si-Fe-Mn, and Al-Cu-Mn compounds can eliminate vacancies that are the source of dislocation loops.
- the dislocation loop is difficult to remain.
- non-uniform precipitation of the S ′ phase is suppressed and aging precipitation of Al 2 CuMg is promoted.
- the Al 2 CuMg phase greatly contributes to strength. From the above, when Mn is added, the strength is improved. If the Mn content is less than 1.0%, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the Mn content exceeds 1.6%, coarse crystals are formed, and the yield is deteriorated. Therefore, the Mn content is 1.0 to 1.6%, and preferably 1.2 to 1.5%.
- the Cu reacts with Mg to form Al 2 CuMg.
- Al 2 CuMg greatly improves the strength of the material by aging precipitation after brazing. If the Cu content is less than 1.0%, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the Cu content exceeds 2.5%, the melting point of the aluminum alloy material may be lowered. Moreover, Al 2 Cu precipitates at the grain boundaries and causes intergranular corrosion. Therefore, the Cu content is 1.0 to 2.5%, preferably 1.5 to 2.5%.
- Mg reacts with Cu to form Al 2 CuMg.
- Al 2 CuMg greatly improves the strength of the material by aging precipitation after brazing. If the Mg content is less than 0.1%, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the content of Mg exceeds 1.0%, Mg diffuses to the brazing material during brazing in an atmosphere using a non-corrosive flux, and the brazing performance is significantly reduced. In addition, the elongation before brazing may decrease and the moldability may decrease. Therefore, the Mg content is 0.1 to 1.0%, preferably 0.125 to 0.5%.
- Cr and Zr each form a fine intermetallic compound in the aluminum alloy to improve the strength of the material. If the contents of Cr and Zr are less than 0.05%, this effect cannot be obtained sufficiently. On the other hand, if the content of each of Cr and Zr exceeds 0.2%, a coarse intermetallic compound may be formed, and the moldability of the aluminum alloy material may be reduced. Accordingly, the Cr and Zr contents are each preferably 0.05 to 0.2%, and more preferably 0.05 to 0.1%.
- Ti and V each form a fine intermetallic compound in the aluminum alloy to improve the strength of the material.
- this intermetallic compound is dispersed in layers. Since this intermetallic compound has a noble electric potential, although corrosion in the horizontal direction proceeds, there is an effect that it is difficult to progress to corrosion in the depth direction. When the contents of Ti and V are less than 0.05%, these effects are small. On the other hand, if the content of each of Ti and V exceeds 0.2%, a coarse intermetallic compound may be formed, and the moldability of the aluminum alloy material may be reduced. Accordingly, the content of Ti and V is preferably 0.05 to 0.2%, more preferably 0.05 to 0.1%.
- the phase of the Cu / Mg ratio deposited after the brazing heat is different depending on the value.
- the Cu / Mg ratio is less than 1, Al 6 CuMg 4 precipitates after the brazing heat. Since Al 6 CuMg 4 has a small contribution to age hardening, the strength may decrease.
- the Cu / Mg ratio is larger than 8, Al 2 Cu precipitates after the brazing heat. Since Al 2 Cu also contributes less to age hardening than Al 2 CuMg, the strength may be reduced. Therefore, the Cu / Mg ratio is preferably 1 to 8, and more preferably 3 to 6.
- the aluminum alloy material of the present invention may further contain B having an effect of refining the ingot structure and other inevitable impurity elements.
- the content of these elements is preferably 0.05% or less.
- Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more have a relatively large size. Therefore, it is difficult to dissolve in the aluminum alloy material at the time of brazing and remains even after brazing. Since the Al—Mn compound has a lattice constant different from that of the parent phase Al, it forms an inconsistent interface with the parent phase, and this interface is an annihilation site of vacancies introduced into the aluminum alloy material during brazing. Become. During the brazing, when vacancies are introduced into the aluminum alloy material, the vacancies form dislocation loops during brazing cooling.
- the S ′ phase precipitates unevenly on this dislocation loop.
- the S ′ phase is an aging precipitation phase of an Al—Cu—Mg alloy, but its contribution to strength is small. Nevertheless, since the solid solution amount of Cu is lowered, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is lowered. However, when a certain amount of Al-Mn compound is present, the dislocation loops present in the aluminum alloy material after brazing are reduced, so that the precipitation of the S 'phase can be suppressed and the aging precipitation of Al 2 CuMg is effectively utilized. can do. Thereby, the strength of the aluminum alloy material is improved.
- the number density of Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more in the present invention is 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or more, preferably 2.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or more. It is.
- the number density of Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more can be obtained by observing an aluminum alloy material with an SEM and analyzing the image of the SEM image.
- the number density of Al 2 Cu having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more in the present invention is 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or less, preferably 0.8 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or less. .
- the number density of Al 2 Cu having a circle-equivalent diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more is determined by observing an aluminum alloy material with an SEM and analyzing the image of the SEM image.
- the aluminum alloy clad material of the present invention uses the aluminum alloy material as a core material, and includes a brazing material or an anode sacrificial material on one surface of the core material.
- the aluminum alloy clad material of the present invention uses the aluminum alloy material as a core material, includes a brazing material on one surface of the core material, and an anode sacrificial material on the other surface of the core material.
- an aluminum alloy usually used in brazing of aluminum alloys can be used.
- the Al—Si based alloy is preferably an aluminum alloy containing 7.0 to 12.0% of Si, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.
- the Al—Si—Cu alloy is preferably an aluminum alloy containing Si: 7.0 to 12.0% and Cu: 1.0 to 2.5%, and the balance being Al and inevitable impurities.
- the Al—Si—Cu—Zn alloy contains Si: 7.0 to 12.0%, Cu: 1.0 to 2.5%, Zn: 0.1 to 3.0%, An aluminum alloy composed of the balance Al and inevitable impurities is preferred.
- sacrificial anode material a known material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy can be used.
- a known material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy can be used.
- an Al—Zn alloy can be used.
- an aluminum alloy material having the above-described composition is melted, and an aluminum alloy ingot is produced by a DC (Direct Chill) casting method.
- the cooling rate of the molten metal is as extremely high as 0.5 to 20 ° C./second. Therefore, the intermetallic compound produced at the time of casting is fine, and the elements contained in the aluminum alloy are dissolved in supersaturation.
- a large amount of coarse Al 2 Cu with an equivalent circle diameter of 10 ⁇ m or more may appear in the ingot.
- the heat treatment After performing the heat treatment, it is thinned to a predetermined plate thickness by performing a hot rolling treatment.
- the heat treatment is performed at a temperature exceeding 550 ° C.
- the number of Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more is obtained without the supersaturated Mn forming a new Al—Mn precipitated phase. This is not desirable because the density does not increase.
- the heat treatment before the hot rolling treatment is desirably performed at a temperature of 420 ° C. to 550 ° C.
- the holding time of heat processing is 5 hours or less.
- the temperature of the aluminum alloy ingot gradually decreases.
- Cu dissolved in the aluminum alloy is precipitated as coarse Al 2 Cu. Therefore, if the temperature is maintained for more than 6 minutes in this temperature range, the number density of Al 2 Cu having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more may exceed 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 . For this reason, it is desirable that the holding time in the temperature range of 320 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less after the heat treatment is 6 minutes or less.
- a cold rolling process is performed until the target plate thickness is reached, thereby producing an aluminum alloy material.
- An intermediate annealing process may be performed during the cold rolling process, and a final annealing process may be performed after the cold rolling process. Either one or both of the intermediate annealing treatment and the final annealing treatment may be performed. Since the aluminum alloy material of the present invention has a high Cu content, the strength of the base plate is very high. For this reason, in order to ensure moldability, it is desirable to perform a final annealing process, and it is more desirable to perform an intermediate annealing process.
- the annealing treatment in the present invention is performed under conditions of 200 ° C. or more and 320 ° C. or less for both the intermediate annealing treatment and the final annealing treatment.
- an aluminum alloy as a core material is cast. Specifically, an aluminum alloy material having the above-described composition is melted, and an aluminum alloy ingot for core material is produced by a DC (Direct Hill) casting method. Next, you may perform a homogenization process to the aluminum alloy ingot for core materials. In the homogenization treatment step, the aluminum alloy ingot for the core material is preferably subjected to homogenization treatment at 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. In addition, about the aluminum alloy ingot for core materials, it is preferable to perform a chamfering process after a homogenization process.
- an aluminum alloy as a brazing material and a sacrificial anode material is cast to produce an aluminum alloy ingot for brazing material and an aluminum alloy ingot for sacrificial anode material.
- hot rolling is performed to a predetermined thickness on the aluminum alloy ingot for brazing material and the aluminum alloy ingot for sacrificial anode material.
- the brazing material hot-rolled on one surface of the core material ingot is combined with the sacrificial anode material hot-rolled on the other surface of the core material ingot.
- the laminated material is heated and hot-clad rolled, and then cold-rolled.
- an aluminum alloy clad material (a brazing sheet made of aluminum alloy) having a brazing material on one surface of the core material and a sacrificial anode material on the other surface of the core material can be produced.
- the heat treatment of the laminated material is preferably performed at 420 ° C. to 550 ° C.
- the holding time in the temperature range of 320 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less after the heat treatment is desirably 6 minutes or less.
- an intermediate annealing process may be performed in the middle of the cold rolling process, and a final annealing process may be performed after the cold rolling process. Either one or both of the intermediate annealing treatment and the final annealing treatment may be performed. It is desirable to carry out both the intermediate annealing process and the final annealing process under conditions of 200 ° C. or higher and 320 ° C. or lower.
- the hot-rolled brazing material or the hot-rolled sacrificial anode material is combined with the core material ingot to obtain a laminated material.
- a hot-rolled brazing material or a hot-rolled sacrificial anode material is combined on one surface of the core material ingot.
- Alloys having the compositions shown in Table 1 were produced by the production methods shown in Table 2, respectively.
- “ ⁇ ” indicates that it is below the detection limit, and “remainder” includes inevitable impurities.
- alloys alloys Nos. 1 to 41 having the compositions shown in Table 1 were cast by DC casting. Thereafter, the ingot surface was chamfered and subjected to heat treatment under the conditions shown in Table 2 (steps Nos. 1 to 18), and rolled to 2.6 mm by hot rolling. In addition, process No. In Nos. 1 to 3 and 13, the ingot was homogenized and then the chamfering was performed. Subsequently, the obtained plate material was made into a plate thickness of 0.2 mm by cold rolling treatment, and subjected to final annealing treatment under the conditions described in Table 2 to obtain a test material. Tables 3 and 4 show the test materials (Examples 1 to 39 and Comparative Examples 1 to 19). Comparative examples 10 to 13 mean comparative examples for claim 2 of the present application.
- brazing addition heat refers to heating at a temperature and time assuming actual brazing. Unless otherwise specified, the sample material was heated.
- the number density of Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more is 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or more, and Al 2 Cu having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more.
- the number density was 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or less.
- the strength after one week of brazing was as high as 250 MPa or more, and no intergranular corrosion was shown by a corrosion test, indicating that both formability and brazing were good.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 9 showed intergranular corrosion by a corrosion test and were inferior in brazability. In Comparative Examples 2, 4, 6, 8, 14, 15, and 17, the strength after one week of brazing was low. In Comparative Example 3, the intergranular corrosion was shown by the corrosion test, and the moldability was inferior. In Comparative Example 5, intergranular corrosion was shown by the corrosion test, and the moldability and brazing were inferior. In Comparative Examples 7 and 10 to 13, the moldability was inferior. In Comparative Examples 16, 18, and 19, the strength after one week of brazing was low, and intergranular corrosion was shown by the corrosion test.
- a clad material in which a brazing material and / or a sacrificial material was clad on the core material was manufactured.
- the composition of the alloy used as the core material is alloy No. 1 in Table 1. 2, 6, 8, 13, and 16, and the manufacturing method is step No. in Table 2. 3 was produced.
- an alloy used for the core material shown in Table 1 and an alloy used for the brazing material and / or sacrificial material shown in Table 5 were respectively casted by the DC casting method.
- the homogenization process was performed on the conditions described in Table 2 after casting, and the surface-cutting process was performed subsequently.
- the alloy used for the brazing material and / or the sacrificial material was subjected to a chamfering treatment after casting, followed by a hot rolling treatment.
- the hot-rolled brazing material and / or sacrificial material was combined with a core material ingot that was chamfered after homogenization treatment to obtain a laminated material.
- the laminated material was heat-treated under the conditions shown in Table 2, and rolled to 2.6 mm by hot rolling. Subsequently, the obtained plate material was made into a plate thickness of 0.2 mm by cold rolling treatment, and subjected to final annealing treatment under the conditions described in Table 2 to obtain a test material.
- Table 5 shows the test materials (Examples 40 to 60).
- the potential difference between the core material and the brazing material was evaluated as ⁇ when the potential of the core material was more noble than the brazing material, and ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ when the potential was 40 mV or more. However, the strength after one week of brazing was evaluated as acceptable if the test result was 220 MPa or more.
- the number density of Al—Mn compounds having an equivalent circle diameter of 0.1 ⁇ m or more in the core material is 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or more, and the equivalent circle diameter of the core material is 0.1 ⁇ m or more.
- the number density of the Al 2 Cu-based compound was 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 pieces / mm 2 or less.
- the strength after one week of brazing was 220 MPa or more, no intergranular corrosion was exhibited, and both the moldability and brazing properties were good. From the above, it was found that even when the aluminum alloy material of the present invention was used as a core material, it showed high strength without problems.
- alloys alloys Nos. 42 to 47 having the compositions shown in Table 7 were cast by DC casting. Then, the homogenization process was performed on the conditions of Table 2. The ingot surface was chamfered, heat-treated under the conditions shown in Table 2, and rolled to 2.6 mm by hot rolling. Subsequently, the obtained plate material was subjected to cold rolling treatment to a plate pressure of 0.2 mm, and subjected to final annealing treatment under the conditions described in Table 2 to obtain a test material. Table 8 shows the test materials (Examples 61 to 66).
- each of the prepared specimens (Examples 61 to 66) was subjected to brazing addition heat at 600 ° C. for 3 minutes and cooled at 200 ° C./min. Thereafter, each specimen was evaluated for “strength after one week of brazing”. At this time, among the alloys having the same solidus temperature, an alloy having a tensile strength of 90% or more of an alloy having a Cu / Mg ratio of 4 was evaluated as ⁇ , and an alloy having a tensile strength of less than 90% was evaluated as ⁇ . The results are shown in Table 8.
- a material having a Cu / Mg ratio exceeding 8 has a result that the tensile strength after one week of brazing is reduced to 90% or less as compared with a material having a Cu / Mg ratio of 4. became. From the above, it was found that the Cu / Mg ratio is desirably 8 or less.
- the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy material, an aluminum alloy clad material, and a method for producing an aluminum alloy material used as a constituent member of a heat exchanger such as an automobile. More specifically, heat exchange is used as a tube material by constructing a flow path by electro-sewing or brazing, especially for thin materials with a thickness of 0.25 mm or less, and the strength after brazing is very strong.
- the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy material for containers, an aluminum alloy clad material for heat exchangers, and a method for producing an aluminum alloy material.
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Abstract
Description
従来のアルミニウム合金材では、Mg2Siの時効析出により材料の強化を図っていた。しかし、Siの含有量が多いとアルミニウム合金材の融点が大幅に低下するため、600℃付近の温度でのろう付を考慮すると、材料の更なる強化のためにSiの含有量を増加させることは望ましくない。そこで、本発明者らは、Al2CuMgの時効析出を利用することにより高強度の材料が得られることを見出した。CuもSiと同様にアルミニウム合金材の融点を低下させる作用を有するが、その影響はSiほど大きくない。Cuの含有量が比較的多くても、融点の面では600℃付近の温度でのろう付が可能である。このため、Siの含有量を抑え、Cuの含有量を増加した材料を設計した。
円相当径0.1μm以上のAl-Mn系化合物(たとえば、Al-Mn、Al-Mn-Si、Al-Fe-Mn-Si、Al-Cu-Mn系化合物)は、そのサイズが比較的大きいため、ろう付時にアルミニウム合金材中に固溶し難く、ろう付後にも残存する。Al-Mn系化合物は、母相のAlと格子定数が違うため、母相と非整合な界面を形成し、この界面が、ろう付中にアルミニウム合金材に導入される空孔の消滅サイトとなる。ろう付中、アルミニウム合金材に空孔が導入されると、空孔はろう付の冷却中に転位ループを形成する。そして、ろう付後にS’相がこの転位ループ上に不均一に析出する。S’相はAl-Cu-Mg系合金の時効析出相ではあるが、強度への寄与が小さい。それにもかかわらず、Cuの固溶量を低下させるので、アルミニウム合金材の強度が低下してしまう。しかし、Al-Mn系化合物が一定以上存在すると、ろう付後にアルミニウム合金材に存在する転位ループが減少するため、S’相の析出を抑えることができ、Al2CuMgの時効析出を有効に利用することができる。これにより、アルミニウム合金材の強度が向上する。円相当径0.1μm以上のAl-Mn系化合物の数密度が1.0×105個/mm2未満ではこの効果が小さい。したがって、本発明における円相当径0.1μm以上のAl-Mn系化合物の数密度は1.0×105個/mm2以上であり、好ましくは、2.0×105個/mm2以上である。
本発明のアルミニウム合金クラッド材は、上記アルミニウム合金材を心材とし、心材の一方の面にろう材又は陽極犠牲材を備える。また、本発明のアルミニウム合金クラッド材は、上記アルミニウム合金材を心材とし、心材の一方の面にろう材を備え、心材の他方の面に陽極犠牲材を備える。
まず上述の組成を有するアルミニウム合金素材を融解し、DC(Direct Chill)鋳造法によりアルミニウム合金鋳塊を作製する。DC鋳造法では、溶湯の冷却速度が0.5~20℃/秒と非常に速い。そのため、鋳造の際に生じる金属間化合物は微細であり、アルミニウム合金中に含まれる元素は過飽和に固溶している。しかしながら、鋳造条件によっては、鋳塊に円相当径10μm以上の粗大なAl2Cuが大量に出てしまうことがある。このような化合物が鋳塊に存在すると母相へのCuの固溶量が低下し、後のろう付加熱後の自然時効において、時効析出に寄与する固溶Cuが不足するためろう付加熱後の強度が低下してしまう恐れがある。この鋳塊に均質化処理を行うと、粗大なAl2Cuが母相へ固溶するため、ろう付加熱後の強度が安定して高強度となる。400℃未満の温度での均質化処理ではこの効果は十分に得られない。一方、550℃を超えた温度で均質化処理を行うと、Al-Mn系化合物の密度が低下するため望ましくない。このため、均質化処理は行わないか、もしくは400℃~550℃の温度で行うのが望ましい。なお、均質化処理の後、冷却した鋳塊に面削処理を行うのが望ましい。
まず、心材とするアルミニウム合金を鋳造する。具体的に、上述の組成を有するアルミニウム合金素材を融解し、DC(Direct Chill)鋳造法により心材用アルミニウム合金鋳塊を作製する。次に、心材用アルミニウム合金鋳塊に均質化処理を行ってもよい。均質化処理工程では、心材用アルミニウム合金鋳塊に400℃~550℃で均質化処理を行うのが好ましい。なお、心材用アルミニウム合金鋳塊については、均質化処理の後に面削処理を行うのが好ましい。
各供試材より、JIS5号試験片を切り出した。これにろう付加熱を行った後、25℃にて1週間自然時効を行い、引張試験を行った。この試験結果が250MPa以上であれば合格と評価した。
円相当径0.1μm以上のAl-Mn系化合物の数密度は、心材合金のSEM観察を行うことで評価した。観察は各サンプル3視野ずつ行い、それぞれの視野のSEM像をA像くんにより画像解析することで、ろう付加熱前のAl-Mn系化合物の数密度を求めた。表記した数密度は、各3視野より求めた値の平均値である。
円相当径0.1μm以上のAl2Cuの数密度は、Al-Mn系化合物と同様、心材合金のSEM観察を行うことで評価した。観察は各サンプル3視野ずつ行い、それぞれの視野のSEM像をA像くんにより画像解析することで、ろう付加熱前のAl2Cuの数密度を求めた。表記した数密度は、各3視野より求めた値の平均値である。
各供試材にろう付加熱を行い腐食試験サンプルとした。その後、下記方法により腐食試験を行い、粒界腐食が起こるか否かについて評価した。
腐食液:NaCl 234g、KNO3 50g、HNO3(60%) 7.35mLに蒸留水を加え、1Lに調整した液
方法:比液量20mL/cm2の条件で5hr浸漬試験を行った後、断面観察により粒界腐食の有無を評価した。
各供試材からJIS5号試験片を切り出し、引っ張り試験機にて常温で伸びを測定した。成形性の合格基準は、伸びが5%以上とした。
コルゲートしたクラッドフィン材を各供試材ではさみ、ろう付加熱を行った。ろう付後の、各供試材とフィン材との接合率を測定し、90%以上であれば合格と評価した。また、各供試材とフィン材との接合部にエロージョンが見られるか否かについて評価した。
2 フィン
3 ヘッダー
4 タンク
Claims (13)
- Si:0.2mass%未満、Fe:0.1~0.3mass%、Cu:1.0~2.5mass%、Mn:1.0~1.6mass%、Mg:0.1~1.0mass%を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物からなるアルミニウム合金材であって、円相当径が0.1μm以上のAl-Mn系化合物の数密度が1.0×105個/mm2以上であり、かつ円相当径が0.1μm以上のAl2Cuの数密度が1.0×105個/mm2以下であることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金材。
- さらにTi:0.05~0.2mass%、Zr:0.05~0.2mass%、V:0.05~0.2mass%、Cr:0.05~0.2mass%のうち1種又は2種以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のアルミニウム合金材。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載のアルミニウム合金材を心材とし、前記心材の一方の面にろう材又は犠牲陽極材を備えることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金クラッド材。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載のアルミニウム合金材を心材とし、前記心材の一方の面にろう材を備え、前記心材の他方の面に犠牲陽極材を備えることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金クラッド材。
- 前記ろう材は、Si:7.0~12.0mass%を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物からなるAl-Si系合金であることを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載のアルミニウム合金クラッド材。
- 前記ろう材は、Si:7.0~12.0mass%、Cu:1.0~2.5mass%を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物からなるAl-Si-Cu系合金であることを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載のアルミニウム合金クラッド材。
- 前記ろう材は、Si:7.0~12.0mass%、Cu:1.0~2.5mass%、Zn:0.1~3.0mass%を含有し、残部Alと不可避的不純物からなるAl-Si-Cu-Zn系合金であることを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載のアルミニウム合金クラッド材。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のアルミニウム合金材の製造方法であって、アルミニウム合金を鋳造する鋳造工程と、鋳塊を加熱する加熱工程と、加熱された鋳塊に熱間圧延処理及び冷間圧延処理を行う圧延工程とを含み、
前記加熱工程では、420℃~550℃で加熱処理を行い、
前記加熱工程の後、320℃~400℃での保持時間は6分以下であることを特徴とする、アルミニウム合金材の製造方法。 - 前記鋳造工程後に、鋳塊に400℃~550℃で均質化処理を行う均質化処理工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のアルミニウム合金材の製造方法。
- 前記圧延工程の途中及び前記圧延工程後の少なくとも一方において、200~320℃で焼鈍処理を行う焼鈍工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項8又は9に記載のアルミニウム合金材の製造方法。
- 請求項3から7のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金クラッド材の製造方法であって、前記心材とするアルミニウム合金材、並びに、前記ろう材及び前記犠牲陽極材とするアルミニウム合金材のうち少なくとも一方をそれぞれ鋳造する鋳造工程と、鋳造されたろう材用鋳塊及び犠牲陽極材用鋳塊のうち少なくとも一方を所定の厚さまで熱間圧延を行う熱間圧延工程と、熱間圧延されたろう材及び熱間圧延された犠牲陽極材のうち少なくとも一方を心材用鋳塊と組み合わせて合わせ材とする合わせ工程と、前記合わせ材を加熱する加熱工程と、前記合わせ材を熱間クラッド圧延する熱間クラッド圧延工程と、熱間クラッド圧延された合わせ材に冷間圧延処理を行う冷間圧延工程とを含み、
前記合わせ工程では、前記心材用鋳塊の一方の面に前記熱間圧延されたろう材又は前記熱間圧延された犠牲陽極材を組み合わせるか、又は、前記心材用鋳塊の一方の面に前記熱間圧延されたろう材を、前記心材用鋳塊の他方の面に前記熱間圧延された犠牲陽極材を組み合わせ、
前記加熱工程では、420℃~550℃で加熱処理を行い、
前記加熱工程の後、320℃~400℃での保持時間は6分以下であることを特徴とする、アルミニウム合金クラッド材の製造方法。 - 前記心材とするアルミニウム合金材を鋳造する鋳造工程後に、鋳造された心材用鋳塊に400℃~550℃で均質化処理を行う均質化処理工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項11に記載のアルミニウム合金クラッド材の製造方法。
- 前記冷間圧延工程の途中及び前記冷間圧延工程後の少なくとも一方において、200~320℃で焼鈍処理を行う焼鈍工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項11又は12に記載のアルミニウム合金クラッド材の製造方法。
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