WO2015098847A1 - 含フッ素マクロ開始剤およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
含フッ素マクロ開始剤およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015098847A1 WO2015098847A1 PCT/JP2014/083923 JP2014083923W WO2015098847A1 WO 2015098847 A1 WO2015098847 A1 WO 2015098847A1 JP 2014083923 W JP2014083923 W JP 2014083923W WO 2015098847 A1 WO2015098847 A1 WO 2015098847A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- fluorine
- general formula
- formula
- integer
- Prior art date
Links
- 0 CC*N(N)[N+]([O-])O Chemical compound CC*N(N)[N+]([O-])O 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/38—Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents, e.g. telomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F20/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F20/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
- C08F20/10—Esters
- C08F20/22—Esters containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F293/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
- C08F293/005—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule using free radical "living" or "controlled" polymerisation, e.g. using a complexing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/04—Azo-compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/01—Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization [ATRP] or reverse ATRP
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2438/00—Living radical polymerisation
- C08F2438/03—Use of a di- or tri-thiocarbonylthio compound, e.g. di- or tri-thioester, di- or tri-thiocarbamate, or a xanthate as chain transfer agent, e.g . Reversible Addition Fragmentation chain Transfer [RAFT] or Macromolecular Design via Interchange of Xanthates [MADIX]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluorine-containing macroinitiator and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fluorine-containing macroinitiator having a trithiocarbonate group at one end of a polymer and a cyanoalkyl group at the other end, and a method for producing the same.
- controlled living radical polymerization represented by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT polymerization), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), radical polymerization via nitroxide (NMP), etc. Strict purification is not necessary and the range of application of the monomer is wide. Furthermore, there is an advantage that it can be easily carried out under normal radical polymerization conditions (industrial versatility), and it has become possible to easily produce copolymers or homopolymers having various structures and functions.
- RAFT polymerization reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization
- ATRP atom transfer radical polymerization
- NMP radical polymerization via nitroxide
- Non-Patent Document 1 describes that various studies have been conducted on RAFT polymerization, including examination of reaction mechanism and examination of reactivity by substituents.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes that various studies have been conducted on ATRP.
- Non-Patent Document 3 describes an attempt to control the polymerization of various vinyl monomers by living free radical polymerization mediated by nitroxide.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a water / oil repellent block copolymer having a specific contact angle, which is a block copolymer composed of a fluorine segment and a non-fluorine segment. It is described that the block copolymer is obtained by a method in which a non-fluorinated monomer is first polymerized and then a fluorinated monomer is polymerized in the presence of a specific transition metal catalyst.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an organic solvent-based coating improver containing a block copolymer containing a specific fluoroaliphatic group-containing monomer having a repeating structure consisting of a methyl group and a repeating structure consisting of a difluoromethyl group as a polymerization unit, and An optical film obtained by using this is disclosed.
- a block copolymer is obtained from, for example, a macroinitiator by an ATRP method from an acrylic ester or the like, and a (meth) acrylate monomer having a fluoroaliphatic in the macroinitiator. It is described that it can be obtained by polymerizing the polymer by the ATRP method.
- a first monomer having at least one polymerizable group is polymerized in the presence of a specific compound having a —C ( ⁇ S) S— group, and then, at least one polymerizable group and Describes that a second monomer having a perfluoroalkyl group is polymerized to obtain a block copolymer.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a specific fluorine-containing acrylic segment containing a repeating unit derived from a fluorine-containing monomer and a specific unit containing a repeating unit derived from a non-fluorine monomer as a surface treatment agent. What contains the fluorine-containing acrylic block copolymer which has a non-fluorine-acrylic-type segment is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 in the presence of a copper catalyst, first, a non-fluorine monomer is polymerized to form a non-fluorine acrylic segment, and then, the fluorine-containing single monomer with respect to this non-fluorine acrylic segment. It is described that a fluorine-containing acrylic block copolymer was obtained by polymerizing the polymer to form a fluorine-containing acrylic segment.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a first radical polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a fluorinated alkyl group having a specific number of carbon atoms, a second radical polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a reactive group, and Is a block copolymer obtained by copolymerization by living radical polymerization based on ATRP or the like using as an essential monomer component.
- the second radical polymerizable unsaturated monomer is subjected to living radical polymerization, and then the first radical polymerizable unsaturated monomer is added to further perform living radical polymerization. Describes that a block copolymer can be obtained.
- a first monomer is polymerized in the presence of an alkoxyamine catalyst to obtain a polymer of the first monomer, and then a second monomer is added in the presence of the alkoxyamine catalyst and the polymer of the first monomer.
- a method for producing a block copolymer by polymerization a method in which a fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate monomer is employed as at least one of these monomers is disclosed.
- Non-Patent Document 4 For example, several examples of RAFT polymerization using a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer alone have been reported (see Non-Patent Document 4 and its cited references).
- the fluorine-containing vinyl monomer is limited to a (meth) acrylic acid ester having a short side chain fluoroalkyl chain, and lacks generality as a polymerization technique.
- 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6 using 2-cyano-2-propyldithiobenzoate which is a similar compound of 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate used in Non-Patent Document 4.
- 7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl acrylate at 60 ° C. for 16 hours was an unsatisfactory result with a polymerization rate of 19%.
- JP 2004-300313 A JP 2006-63132 A JP2008-297522 JP2009-242550 JP 2010-235784 WO2011 / 099540
- the object of the present invention is to produce a fluorine-containing block copolymer containing a long side chain (meth) acrylate ester or styrene as a fluorine-containing macroinitiator, in particular, a non-fluorine vinyl monomer.
- the present invention provides a fluorine-containing macroinitiator.
- a fluorine-containing macroinitiator comprising a polymer represented by the following general formula (1) and having a number average molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000:
- R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and one of R 3 and R 4 may contain one carboxyl group
- Q is a polymer segment composed of a structural unit represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Rf is a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (3) or a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (4)
- k is a suitable integer that is not zero.
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- a is an integer of 0 to 3
- b is an integer of 1 to 2
- n ′ is an integer of 1 to 6
- the —C n ′ F 2n ′ + 1 group is bonded to the CH 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group
- the — (CF 2 CF 2 ) a — group is bonded to the CF 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group. ).
- R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and one of R 3 and R 4 may contain one carboxyl group.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Rf is a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (3) or a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (4).
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- a is an integer of 0 to 3
- b is an integer of 1 to 2
- n ′ is an integer of 1 to 6
- the —C n ′ F 2n ′ + 1 group is bonded to the CH 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group
- the — (CF 2 CF 2 ) a — group is bonded to the CF 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group. ).
- fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention By using the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention, it becomes possible to produce a fluorine-containing block copolymer containing stearyl (meth) acrylate or styrene having a long side chain as a non-fluorine vinyl monomer. It was. Moreover, it has become possible to produce a fluorine-containing block copolymer having a high content of a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer.
- Example 2 is a GPC chart of the polymers obtained in Example 2-1 and Reference Example 2-1.
- the polymer of Example 2-1 produced a fluorine-containing macroinitiator by polymerizing a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer in the first step polymerization step, and then polymerized stearyl acrylate in the second step polymerization step.
- the polymer of Reference Example 2-1 was obtained by polymerizing stearyl acrylate in the first stage polymerization step and then polymerizing the fluorine-containing vinyl monomer in the second stage polymerization step.
- Is. 2 is a GPC chart of the polymer obtained in Example 2-2.
- the polymer of Example 2-2 was prepared by polymerizing a fluorine-containing vinyl monomer in the first stage polymerization step to produce a fluorine-containing macroinitiator, and then polymerizing stearyl acrylate in the second step polymerization step. It was obtained.
- the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention comprises a polymer represented by the following general formula (1) and having a number average molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000.
- R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and one of R 3 and R 4 may contain one carboxyl group
- Q is a polymer segment composed of a structural unit represented by the following general formula (2).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Rf is a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (3) or a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (4)
- k is a suitable integer that is not zero.
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- a is an integer of 0 to 3
- b is an integer of 1 to 2
- n ′ is an integer of 1 to 6
- the —C n ′ F 2n ′ + 1 group is bonded to the CH 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group
- the — (CF 2 CF 2 ) a — group is — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b— bonded to the CF 2 group.
- Rf is a fluoroalkyl group represented by the above formula (4)
- a is preferably 1 or 2 from the viewpoint of bioaccumulation and environmental load.
- n is preferably 4 or 6 from the viewpoint of bioaccumulation and environmental load.
- R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 2 is preferably a linear alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and one of R 3 and R 4 may contain one carboxyl group.
- R 3 and R 4 include a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and a 2-carboxyethyl group.
- the polymer segment Q constituting the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention is composed of the structural unit represented by the general formula (2).
- the structural unit represented by the general formula (2) constituting the polymer segment Q may be a single type or a combination of two or more types.
- Specific examples of the polymer constituting the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention include the following (in the following formula, k ′ is a suitable integer that is not 0).
- the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention has a number average molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000.
- the number average molecular weight here is a molecular weight determined by 1 H-NMR.
- the calculation method for the number average molecular weight is not particularly limited.
- the number average molecular weight is derived from the polymer segment Q with respect to the integrated value of the H peak derived from a portion other than the polymer segment Q in the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention. It can be determined based on the ratio of the integrated values of H peaks.
- this number average molecular weight is obtained by using the trithiocarbonate compound (5) and one kind of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6) described later by the manufacturing method of the present invention described later.
- the molecular weight of the portion corresponding to the trithiocarbonate ester compound (5) is M 0
- the molecular weight of the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate ester (6) is M 1
- the trithiocarbonate ester compound (5) The integrated value of the appropriate H peak characteristic for the corresponding part and the number of H corresponding to the peak are I 0 and N 0 , respectively, and the appropriate H peak characteristic for the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate (6)
- the value of (I 1 / N 1 ) / (I 0 / N 0 ) corresponds to k for the structural unit derived from the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic ester (6).
- the relationship k must satisfy Strictly, about
- K and molecular weight of the i-th type (or the corresponding fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6)) of the structural unit represented by the general formula (2) are k i and M i , respectively, and ,
- the molecular weight of the portion other than the polymer segment Q (or the corresponding trithiocarbonate compound (5)) is M
- the manufacturing method of the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention described above is not particularly limited.
- the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention described above is a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following general formula (6) in the presence of a trithiocarbonate compound represented by the following general formula (5).
- the (meth) acrylic acid ester can be suitably obtained by a production method including a step of polymerizing using an azo radical polymerization initiator:
- R 2 is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 3 and R 4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and one of R 3 and R 4 may contain one carboxyl group.
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Rf is a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (3) or a fluoroalkyl group represented by the following formula (4).
- n is an integer of 1-6.
- a is an integer of 0 to 3
- b is an integer of 1 to 2
- n ′ is an integer of 1 to 6
- the —C n ′ F 2n ′ + 1 group is bonded to the CH 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group
- the — (CF 2 CF 2 ) a — group is bonded to the CF 2 group of the — (CF 2 CH 2 ) b — group.
- Rf is a fluoroalkyl group represented by the formula (4)
- a is preferably 1 or 2.
- n is preferably 4 or 6.
- the phrase “(meth) acrylic acid ester” is used as a concept including both acrylic acid ester and methacrylic acid ester.
- the above trithiocarbonate compound (as the RAFT agent used when producing the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention ( 5) is used.
- trithiocarbonate compound (5) used in the present invention include 2-cyano-2-propyldodecyltrithiocarbonate, 4-cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl) sulfanyl] pentanoic acid. And cyanomethyl dodecyl trithiocarbonate.
- W (RAFT) W (FA) ⁇ M (RAFT) / MW (FMI) here, W (RAFT): Amount of trithiocarbonate used (g) W (FA): Fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic ester usage (g) M (RAFT): Molecular weight of trithiocarbonate compound (g / mol) MW (FMI): Target molecular weight of fluorine-containing macroinitiator (g / mol) It is.
- the trithiocarbonate compound (5) is usually used with respect to the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester represented by the general formula (6) used when producing the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl acrylate, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl acrylate, 3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-undecafluorooctyl acrylate, 3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,8-undecafluorooctyl acrylate, 3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-pentadecafluorodecyl acrylate, 3,3,4,4,5
- the said fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6) may be used individually by 1 type, or may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- an azo radical polymerization initiator is used as a radical polymerization initiator used when producing a fluorine-containing macroinitiator.
- the azo radical polymerization initiator used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferred specific examples include 2,2′-azobis (isobutyronitrile), 2,2′-azobis (2,4- Dimethylvaleronitrile), 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid), 1,1′-azobis (cyclohexane-1-carbonitrile) and the like.
- the azo radical polymerization initiator is usually 5-45 mol%, preferably 5-30 mol%, more preferably 10-20 mol%, relative to the trithiocarbonate compound (5). Used. If it is less than 5 mol%, the polymerization yield may be reduced. Further, when it is more than 30 mol%, particularly when it is more than 45 mol%, it tends to easily form an inactive (trithiocarbonate ester compound-free) fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6) homopolymer. is there. The amount of the azo radical polymerization initiator used depends on the reactivity of the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6).
- an azo radical polymerization initiator is used at a high concentration. Conversely, when the reactivity is high, an azo radical polymerization initiator is used at a low concentration.
- the polymerization of the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6) can be carried out in the absence of solvent (in the form of a block) or in a suitable organic solvent.
- a fluorine-containing solvent such as 1,3-bis (trifluoromethyl) benzene is preferable.
- the fluorine-containing solvent is usually used in an amount of 0 to 300 wt%, more preferably 0 to 200 wt% with respect to the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6). If it is more than 300 wt%, it may lead to a decrease in polymerization rate and a decrease in polymerization yield.
- the polymerization of the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6) is usually carried out at 0 to 150 ° C., preferably 40 to 100 ° C. More specifically, the polymerization of the fluorine-containing acrylic ester is preferably carried out at 40 to 80 ° C., and the polymerization of the fluorine-containing methacrylate ester is preferably carried out at 60 to 100 ° C., respectively. If it is less than 0 degreeC, sufficient polymerization rate may not be achieved but it may lead to the fall of a polymerization yield. On the other hand, if it exceeds 150 ° C., an undesirable chain transfer reaction may occur.
- the reaction vessel used when the fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester (6) is polymerized using an azo radical polymerization initiator in the presence of the trithiocarbonate ester compound (5) includes a trithiocarbonate ester compound (5).
- a borosilicate glass reaction vessel is preferred, although there is no particular limitation as long as there is no problem in carrying out the polymerization reaction such as decomposition of the polymer or termination of the polymerization reaction.
- a reaction vessel made of borosilicate glass that can be used in the present invention a commercially available borosilicate glass reaction vessel may be used. Since the compound (5) may decompose and the polymerization reaction may be stopped, there is a tendency that a high polymerization yield cannot be stably achieved in many cases.
- Borosilicate tempered glass is produced by air-cooling borosilicate glass.
- preferable reaction vessels include Hiper Glass (registered trademark) cylinders manufactured by Pressure Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.
- HPG-10, HPG-96, TEM-U1000N, TEM-V-100, TEM-V-200, TEM-V-300, TEM-V-500, TEM-4-B1-2L, TEM-4- B1-4L all manufactured by Pressure Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.
- the present inventors have confirmed that, in addition to the reaction vessel made of borosilicate reinforced glass, a stainless steel reaction vessel can be suitably used as the reaction vessel used when performing the above polymerization reaction. is doing.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably carried out in a borosilicate reinforced glass reaction vessel or a stainless reaction vessel.
- the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention is a fluorine-containing block such as (A) n (B) m, (A) n (B) m (A) l or (A) n (B) m (C) l. It can be suitably used when producing a copolymer. In particular, it can be suitably used for producing a fluorine-containing block copolymer containing a non-fluorine (meth) acrylic acid ester or styrene, which is difficult to block by conventional RAFT polymerization. Moreover, it is suitable also when manufacturing a fluorine-containing block copolymer with a high copolymerization rate of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester.
- the above-mentioned fluorine-containing block copolymer derived from the fluorine-containing macroinitiator of the present invention has good static water and oil repellency and dynamic water and oil repellency and can be applied to various surface treatment agents.
- M (MI) M (FA) ⁇ I (Ha) / I (Hb) here, M (MI): Molecular weight of fluorine-containing macroinitiator M (FA): Molecular weight of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester I (Ha): Integrated value of peak Ha I (Hb): Integrated value of peak Hb ( See the chemical formula below).
- Polymerization rate solid content concentration of polymerization solution (actual value) / solid content concentration assuming 100% polymerization rate (calculated value)
- CPDTC 2-cyano-2-propyldodecyltrithiocarbonate (manufactured by Aldrich: structural formula is shown below)
- CMDTC cyanomethyl dodecyl trithiocarbonate (manufactured by Aldrich: structural formula is shown below)
- FAAC4 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl acrylate
- FAAC6 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8 8-Tridecafluorooctyl acrylate
- FAAC10 (2H): 3,3,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12- Nonadecafluorododecyl acrylate
- FAMAC6 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl methacrylate
- Reference Example 1-1 A polymerization reaction was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1-1 except that 1.5 g of FAAC6 was used instead of FAAC4. In the same manner as in Reference Example 1-1, a large amount of yellow insoluble matter was precipitated in the reaction vessel about 60 minutes after the start of polymerization. The polymerization rate was 2%.
- Reference Example 1-3 A polymerization reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 1-1 except that 1.5 g of FAAC10 (2H) was used instead of FAAC4. About 100 minutes after the start of polymerization, a large amount of yellow insoluble matter was deposited in the reaction vessel. The polymerization rate was 3%.
- Reference Example 1-4 A polymerization reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 1-2, except that 52 mg of CPDTC was charged instead of CDSTSP. A small amount of yellow insoluble matter was precipitated in the reaction vessel in about 180 minutes from the start of polymerization. The polymerization rate was 3%.
- Reference Example 1-5 A polymerization reaction was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1-3 except that 52 mg of CPDTC was charged instead of CDSTSP. A small amount of yellow insoluble matter was precipitated in the reaction vessel in about 180 minutes from the start of polymerization. The polymerization rate was 5%.
- the results of Reference Examples 1-1 to 1-5 are summarized in Table 1.
- Examples 1-1 to 1-14 A 96 ml Hiper Glass (registered trademark) cylinder (HPG-96: Pressure Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.) with a magnetic stirrer, 1.5 g of fluorine-containing (meth) acrylate, a predetermined amount of RAFT agent, a predetermined amount of polymerization An initiator and 1.0 g of MTF were charged.
- the cylinder was immersed in liquid nitrogen to freeze the contents, and then degassed with an oil rotary vacuum pump for 5 minutes. After closing the needle valve, the cylinder was immersed in an oil bath at 60 ° C or 80 ° C.
- the cylinder was cooled to room temperature, and the inside of the cylinder was opened to atmospheric pressure to obtain a polymer solution of a fluorine-containing macroinitiator.
- the polymerization rate was determined from the solid content concentration of the contents.
- the fluorine-containing macroinitiator was isolated by adding the polymerization solution to methanol and reprecipitating it, followed by drying in a vacuum dryer. The obtained fluorine-containing macroinitiator was analyzed by 1 H-NMR to determine the number average molecular weight.
- nitrile group-containing molecular end of the fluorine-containing macroinitiator was confirmed by absorption of nitrile groups at 2234 to 2236 cm ⁇ 1 by infrared spectroscopy.
- the presence of one trithiocarbonate ester molecular end was confirmed by a peak at 3.0 to 3.3 ppm attributed to —SC ( ⁇ S) —SC H 2 —C 11 H 23 in 1 H-NMR.
- Example 2-1 (Production of fluorine-containing macroinitiator) A magnetic stirrer, 4.0 g of FAAC6, 0.10 g of CDSTSP, 12.3 mg of V-65, and 2.6 g of MTF were placed in a 96 ml Hiper Glass (registered trademark) cylinder (HPG-96: manufactured by Pressure Glass Industrial Co., Ltd.). Prepared. The cylinder was immersed in liquid nitrogen to freeze the contents, and then degassed with an oil rotary vacuum pump for 5 minutes. After closing the needle valve, the cylinder was immersed in an oil bath at 60 ° C.
- HPG-96 Registered trademark
- polymerization solution A1 a fluorine-containing macroinitiator solution
- the obtained polymerization solution A2 was dropped into methanol to reprecipitate the copolymer.
- the solid was then dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 5 hours to remove volatile components.
- the obtained copolymer was analyzed by GPC, a monomodal peak was observed. From this result, it was confirmed that the copolymer was (FAAC6 homopolymer) -b (block)-(stearyl polyacrylate) (see FIG. 1).
- the number average molecular weight and composition of the fluorine-containing block copolymer were determined from 1 H-NMR analysis (from the ratio of the integrated value of 4.3 ppm peak (polyFAAC6) and the integrated value of 4.0 ppm peak (stearyl polyacrylate)). Calculation).
- polymerization solution Z1 a fluorine-containing macroinitiator solution
- the obtained polymerization solution Z2 was dropped into methanol to reprecipitate the copolymer.
- the solid was then dried under reduced pressure at 80 ° C. for 5 hours to remove volatile components.
- the obtained copolymer was analyzed by GPC, a plurality of peaks were observed. From this result, it was confirmed that the copolymer was a mixture composed mainly of a homopolymer of (FAAC6 homopolymer) -b (block)-(stearyl polyacrylate), stearyl polyacrylate and FAAC6. (See FIG. 1).
- Example 2-2 (Preparation of fluorine-containing macroinitiator) A fluorine-containing macroinitiator was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that FAAC10 (2H) was used instead of FAAC6. The polymerization rate was 96%.
- polymerization solution B1 the obtained solution of the fluorine-containing macroinitiator is hereinafter referred to as “polymerization solution B1”.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
例えば、特許文献1には、フッ素セグメントと非フッ素セグメントからなるブロック共重合体であって特定の接触角を有する撥水撥油性ブロック共重合体が開示されており、このような撥水撥油性ブロック共重合体が、特定の遷移金属触媒存在下で、まず非フッ素系モノマーを重合させ、次いでフッ素系モノマーを重合させる方法によって得られることが記載されている。
R2は炭素数1~18の直鎖状アルキル基であり、
R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1から3のアルキル基であり、かつR3およびR4どちらか一方にひとつのカルボキシル基を含んでいてもよく、
Qは、下記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなる重合体セグメントである。
aは0~3の整数であり、bは1~2の整数であり、n'は1~6の整数であり、
-Cn'F2n'+1基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCH2基に結合しており、
-(CF2CF2)a-基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCF2基に結合している。)。
そのような製造方法として、例えば、
下記一般式(5)で表わされるトリチオ炭酸エステル化合物存在下、下記一般式(6)で表わされる含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを、アゾ系ラジカル重合開始剤を用いて重合する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、上記含フッ素マクロ開始剤の製造方法が挙げられる:
R2は炭素数1~18の直鎖状アルキル基であり、
R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1から3のアルキル基であり、かつR3およびR4どちらか一方にひとつのカルボキシル基を含んでいてもよい。)
〔含フッ素マクロ開始剤〕
本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤は、下記一般式(1)で表され、且つ、数平均分子量が3,000~100,000である重合体からなる。
R2は炭素数1~18の直鎖状アルキル基であり、
R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1から3のアルキル基であり、かつR3およびR4どちらか一方にひとつのカルボキシル基を含んでいてもよく、
Qは、下記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなる重合体セグメントである。
aは0~3の整数であり、bは1~2の整数であり、n'は1~6の整数であり、
-Cn'F2n'+1基は-(CF2CH2)b-基のCH2基に結合しており、-(CF2CF2)a-基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCF2基に結合している。
一方、上記Rfが、上記式(3)で表されるフルオロアルキル基である場合、生体蓄積性および環境負荷の観点から、nが4または6であることが好ましい。
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-ノナフルオロブチル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-トリデカフルオロヘキシル基、
1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ウンデカフルオロヘキシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6,6-ウンデカフルオロヘキシル基、
1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-ペンタデカフルオロオクチル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-ペンタデカフルオロオクチル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,8-ペンタデカフルオロオクチル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ノナデカフルオロデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ノナデカフルオロデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,10-ノナデカフルオロデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-トリエイコサフルオロドデシル基、
1,1,3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロオクチル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロオクチル基、
1,1,3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ヘプタデカフルオロデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ヘプタデカフルオロデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,10-ヘプタデカフルオロデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ヘンエイコサフルオロドデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ヘンエイコサフルオロドデシル基、
1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-ペンタエイコサフルオロテトラデシル基
が挙げられる。
このような本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤を構成する重合体の具体例として、以下のものが挙げられる(下記式において、k'は0でない適当な整数である。)。
M'=M0+〔M1×(I1/N1)/(I0/N0)〕 ・・・(Eq-1')
で求められるM'として求めることができる。ただ、本発明では、便宜上下記実施例に基づき、下記式(Eq-1)
M=M1×(I1/N1)/(I0/N0) ・・・(Eq-1)
で求められるMをもって、含フッ素マクロ開始剤の数平均分子量としてもよい。
ここで、本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤を構成する重合体において、上記重合体セグメントQが2種以上の上記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなる場合に上記kが満たすべき関係について、厳密に見ると、
上記重合体セグメントQが、x種類の上記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなると仮定したうえで、
上記一般式(2)で表される構造単位のうちのi種類目(あるいは、対応する含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(6))についてのkおよび分子量をそれぞれkiおよびMiとし、かつ、
本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤を構成する重合体における、上記重合体セグメントQ以外の部分(あるいは、対応するトリチオ炭酸エステル化合物(5))の分子量をM0とすると、
上記式(Eq-1')の考え方に基づく場合には、
上述した本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤の製造方法は、特に限定されない。
ただ、本発明における典型的な態様において、上述した本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤は、下記一般式(5)で表わされるトリチオ炭酸エステル化合物存在下、下記一般式(6)で表わされる含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを、アゾ系ラジカル重合開始剤を用いて重合する工程を含む製造方法によって好適に得ることができる:
R2は炭素数1~18の直鎖状アルキル基であり、
R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1から3のアルキル基であり、かつR3およびR4どちらか一方にひとつのカルボキシル基を含んでいてもよい。
aは0~3の整数であり、bは1~2の整数であり、n'は1~6の整数であり、
-Cn'F2n'+1基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCH2基に結合しており、
-(CF2CF2)a-基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCF2基に結合している。
一方、上記Rfが、上記式(3)で表されるフルオロアルキル基である場合、nが4または6であることが好ましい。
ここで、本発明においては、含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの重合速度および重合率の観点から、本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤を製造する際に用いられるRAFT剤として上記トリチオ炭酸エステル化合物(5)が用いられる。本発明で用いられるトリチオ炭酸エステル化合物(5)の好適な具体例としては、2-シアノ-2-プロピルドデシルトリチオ炭酸エステル、4-シアノ-4-〔(ドデシルスルファニルチオカルボニル)スルファニル〕ペンタン酸、シアノメチルドデシルトリチオ炭酸エステル等が挙げられる。
W(RAFT)=W(FA)×M(RAFT)/MW(FMI)
ここで、
W(RAFT):トリチオ炭酸エステルの使用量(g)
W(FA):含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの使用量(g)
M(RAFT):トリチオ炭酸エステル化合物の分子量(g/mol)
MW(FMI):含フッ素マクロ開始剤の目標分子量(g/mol)
である。
また、本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤を製造する際に用いられる一般式(6)で表わされる含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの好適な具体例としては、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロヘキシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロオクチルアクリレート、
3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-ウンデカフルオロオクチルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,8-ウンデカフルオロオクチルアクリレート、
3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ペンタデカフルオロデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ペンタデカフルオロデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,10-ペンタデカフルオロデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-トリエイコサフルオロテトラデシルアクリレート、
3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-トリデカフルオロデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,10-トリデカフルオロデシルアクリレート、
3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ヘプタデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ヘプタデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,11,11,12,12,12-ヘプタデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-ヘンエイコサフルオロテトラデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-ヘンエイコサフルオロテトラデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,16-ペンタエイコサフルオロヘキサデシルアクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-ノナフルオロヘキシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロオクチルメタクリレート、
3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-ウンデカフルオロオクチルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,8-ウンデカフルオロオクチルメタクリレート、
3,3,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ペンタデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-ペンタデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,10-ペンタデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-トリエイコサフルオロテトラデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-トリデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,10-トリデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,5,5,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ヘプタデカフルオロドデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ヘプタデカフルオロドデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,11,11,12,12,12-ヘプタデカフルオロドデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-ヘンエイコサフルオロテトラデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,14-ヘンエイコサフルオロテトラデシルメタクリレート、
3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,11,11,12,12,13,13,14,14,15,15,16,16,16-ペンタエイコサフルオロヘキサデシルメタクリレート
が例示される。
また、本発明においては、含フッ素マクロ開始剤を製造する際に用いられるラジカル重合開始剤としてアゾ系ラジカル重合開始剤が用いられる。本発明で用いられるアゾ系ラジカル重合開始剤としては、特に限定はないものの、好適な具体例として、2,2'-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)、2,2'-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、4,4'-アゾビス(4-シアノ吉草酸)、1,1'-アゾビス(シクロヘキサン-1-カルボニトリル)等が挙げられる。
本発明の含フッ素マクロ開始剤は、(A)n(B)m、(A)n(B)m(A)lまたは(A)n(B)m(C)lのような含フッ素ブロック共重合体を製造する際に好適に用いることができる。特に、従来RAFT重合ではブロック重合が困難な非フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルまたはスチレンを含む含フッ素ブロック共重合体を製造する場合に好適に使用することができる。また、含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの共重合率の高い含フッ素ブロック共重合体を製造する場合にも好適である。
〔GPC分析〕
カラム:Shodex KF-807L(昭和電工(株)製)×4本を使用した。
測定温度:40℃
サンプル注入量:100μl
流出速度:1ml/min
溶離液:テトラヒドロフラン
含フッ素マクロ開始剤の数平均分子量は1H-NMR測定により下式から求めた。
M(MI)=M(FA)×I(Ha)/I(Hb)
ここで、
M(MI):含フッ素マクロ開始剤の分子量
M(FA):含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルの分子量
I(Ha):ピークHaの積分値
I(Hb):ピークHbの積分値
を表す(下記化学式参照)。
重合率=重合溶液の固形分濃度(実測値)/重合率100%を仮定したときの固形分濃度(計算値)
スピンコーターによりブロック共重合体6wt%テトラヒドロフラン溶液をSUS304プレート(0.8*15*50mm)表面に塗布し、乾燥後DropMaster DM500(協和界面科学株式会社製)で、動的接触角を測定した。
ここで、動的接触角として、下記に示すように、水に対する接触角と、n-ヘキサデカンに対する接触角を測定した。
フーリエ変換赤外分光法(FT-IR-480Plus:日本分光製)により行った。
実施例で使用した化学品の略称を以下に示す。
AIBN:2,2'-アゾビス(イソブチロニトリル)〔和光純薬製〕
V-65:2,2'-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)〔和光純薬製〕
MTF:1,3-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)ベンゼン
CDSTSP:4-シアノ-4-〔(ドデシルスルファニルチオカルボニル)スルファニル〕ペンタン酸(Aldrich社製:構造式を下記に示す。)
FAAC6:3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロオクチルアクリレート
FAAC10(2H):3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,9,9,10,10,11,11,12,12,12-ノナデカフルオロドデシルアクリレート
FAMAC6:3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-トリデカフルオロオクチルメタクリレート
内容量50mlの硼ケイ酸ガラス製シュレンクチューブ(有限会社桐山製作所製)にマグネット攪拌子、FAAC4 1.5g、CDSTSP 60mg、V-65 7.4mg、およびMTF 1.0gを仕込んだ。液体窒素にシリンダーを浸漬し内容物を凍結後、油回転式真空ポンプによりシュレンクチューブ内を5分間脱気し、次いで60℃のオイルバスにシリンダーを浸漬した。重合開始から80分程経過した時点で、多量の黄色不溶物が反応容器内に析出した。16時間後シリンダーを室温まで冷却後、シリンダー内を大気圧に開放した。重合溶液の固形分測定から、重合率は3%であった。
FAAC4の代わりにFAAC6 1.5g仕込んだ以外は参考例1-1と同様に重合反応を行った。尚、参考例1-1と同様に重合開始から60分程で多量の黄色不溶物が反応容器内に析出した。重合率は2%であった。
FAAC4の代わりにFAAC10(2H) 1.5g仕込んだ以外は参考例1-1と同様に重合反応を行った。重合開始から100分程で、多量の黄色不溶物が反応容器内に析出した。重合率は3%であった。
CDSTSPの代わりにCPDTC 52mg仕込んだ以外は参考例1-2と同様に重合反応を行った。尚、重合開始から180分程で少量の黄色不溶物が反応容器内に析出した。重合率は3%であった。
CDSTSPの代わりにCPDTC 52mg仕込んだ以外は参考例1-3と同様に重合反応を行った。尚、重合開始から180分程で少量の黄色不溶物が反応容器内に析出した。重合率は5%であった。
参考例1-1~1-5の結果を表1にまとめた。
内容量96mlのHiper Glass(登録商標)シリンダー(HPG-96:耐圧ガラス工業株式会社製)にマグネット攪拌子、含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステル1.5g、所定量のRAFT剤、所定量の重合開始剤、およびMTF 1.0gを仕込んだ。液体窒素にシリンダーを浸漬し内容物を凍結後、油回転式真空ポンプにより5分間脱気した。ニードルバルブを閉じた後、60℃または80℃のオイルバスにシリンダーを浸漬した。16時間後シリンダーを室温まで冷却後、シリンダー内を大気圧に開放し、含フッ素マクロ開始剤の重合溶液を得た。内容物の固形分濃度から重合率を求めた。また、重合溶液をメタノールに加えて再沈したのち減圧乾燥器内で乾燥することにより含フッ素マクロ開始剤を単離した。得られた含フッ素マクロ開始剤について、1H-NMRで分析し、数平均分子量を求めた。また、含フッ素マクロ開始剤のニトリル基含有分子末端の存在は、赤外分光法により2234~2236cm-1のニトリル基の吸収により確認した。一方のトリチオ炭酸エステル分子末端の存在は、1H-NMRにおいて、-S-C(=S)-S-CH 2 -C11H23に帰属される3.0~3.3ppmのピークにより確認した。
(含フッ素マクロ開始剤の作製)
内容量96mlのHiper Glass(登録商標)シリンダー(HPG-96:耐圧ガラス工業株式会社製)にマグネット攪拌子、FAAC6 4.0g、CDSTSP 0.10g、V-65 12.3mgおよびMTF 2.6gを仕込んだ。液体窒素にシリンダーを浸漬し内容物を凍結後、油回転式真空ポンプにより5分間脱気した。ニードルバルブを閉じた後、60℃のオイルバスにシリンダーを浸漬した。16時間後、シリンダーを室温まで冷却し、シリンダー内を大気圧に開放し、含フッ素マクロ開始剤の溶液(以下「重合溶液A1」)を得た。内容物の固形分濃度から重合率は99%であった。
上記シリンダー内の重合溶液A1に、アクリル酸ステアリル 1.0g、V-65 6.2mg、MTF 2.0g、およびトルエン 1.0gを加えた。液体窒素にシリンダーを浸漬し内容物を凍結後、油回転式真空ポンプにより5分間脱気した。ニードルバルブを閉じた後、60℃のオイルバスにシリンダーを16時間浸漬した。シリンダーを室温まで冷却し、シリンダー内を大気圧に開放し、重合溶液(以下「重合溶液A2」)を得た。内容物の固形分濃度から重合率は98%であった。
(非フッ素マクロ開始剤の作製)
内容量96mlのHiper Glass(登録商標)シリンダー(HPG-96:耐圧ガラス工業株式会社製)にマグネット攪拌子、アクリル酸ステアリル 1.0g、CDSTSP 0.10g、V-65 6.2mgおよびトルエン 1.0gを仕込んだ。液体窒素にシリンダーを浸漬し内容物を凍結後、油回転式真空ポンプにより5分間脱気した。ニードルバルブを閉じた後、60℃のオイルバスに16時間シリンダーを浸漬した。シリンダーを室温まで冷却し、シリンダー内を大気圧に開放し、含フッ素マクロ開始剤の溶液(以下「重合溶液Z1」)を得た。内容物の固形分濃度から重合率は96%であった。
上記シリンダー内の重合溶液Z1に、FAAC6 4.0g、V-65 12.3mg、MTF 4.6gを加えた。液体窒素にシリンダーを浸漬し内容物を凍結後、油回転式真空ポンプにより5分間脱気した。ニードルバルブを閉じた後、60℃のオイルバスにシリンダーを16時間浸漬した。シリンダーを室温まで冷却し、シリンダー内を大気圧に開放し、重合溶液(以下「重合溶液Z2」)を得た。内容物の固形分濃度から重合率は97%であった。
(含フッ素マクロ開始剤の作製〉
FAAC6の代わりにFAAC10(2H)を用いた以外は、実施例2-1と同様に含フッ素マクロ開始剤を作製した。
重合率は96%であった。
ここで、得られた含フッ素マクロ開始剤の溶液を、以下「重合溶液B1」とする。
含フッ素マクロ開始剤の溶液として、上記重合溶液A1に代えて上記重合溶液B1を用いたことを除き、実施例2-1の(FAAC6の単独重合体)-b(ブロック〉-(ポリアクリル酸ステアリル)の作製と同様に行った。内容物の固形分濃度から重合率は96%であった。
実施例2-1,2-2および参考例2-1の結果を表5にまとめた。
Claims (7)
- 下記一般式(1)で表され、且つ、数平均分子量が3,000~100,000である重合体からなる含フッ素マクロ開始剤:
R2は炭素数1~18の直鎖状アルキル基であり、
R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1から3のアルキル基であり、かつR3およびR4どちらか一方にひとつのカルボキシル基を含んでいてもよく、
Qは、下記一般式(2)で表される構造単位からなる重合体セグメントである。
R1は水素原子またはメチル基であり、
Rfは、下記式(3)で表されるフルオロアルキル基または下記式(4)で表されるフルオロアルキル基であり、
kは、0でない適当な整数である。
aは0~3の整数であり、bは1~2の整数であり、n'は1~6の整数であり、
-Cn'F2n'+1基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCH2基に結合しており、
-(CF2CF2)a-基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCF2基に結合している。)。 - 上記一般式(2)において、
上記Rfが、上記式(4)で表されるフルオロアルキル基であり、且つ、aが1または2である請求項1記載の含フッ素マクロ開始剤。 - 上記一般式(2)において、
上記Rfが、上記式(3)で表されるフルオロアルキル基であり、且つ、nが4または6である請求項1記載の含フッ素マクロ開始剤。 - 下記一般式(5)で表わされるトリチオ炭酸エステル化合物存在下、下記一般式(6)で表わされる含フッ素(メタ)アクリル酸エステルを、アゾ系ラジカル重合開始剤を用いて重合する工程
を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1記載の含フッ素マクロ開始剤の製造方法:
R2は炭素数1~18の直鎖状アルキル基であり、
R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立に水素原子または炭素数1から3のアルキル基であり、かつR3およびR4どちらか一方にひとつのカルボキシル基を含んでいてもよい。)
R1は水素原子またはメチル基であり、
Rfは、下記式(3)で表されるフルオロアルキル基または下記式(4)で表されるフルオロアルキル基である。
aは0~3の整数であり、bは1~2の整数であり、n'は1~6の整数であり、
-Cn'F2n'+1基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCH2基に結合しており、
-(CF2CF2)a-基は、-(CF2CH2)b-基のCF2基に結合している。)。 - 上記重合を、硼ケイ酸強化ガラス製反応容器またはステンレス製反応容器中で行うことを特徴とする、請求項4記載の製造方法。
- 上記一般式(2)において、
上記Rfが、上記式(4)で表されるフルオロアルキル基であり、且つ、aが1または2である請求項4記載の製造方法。 - 上記一般式(2)において、
上記Rfが、上記式(3)で表されるフルオロアルキル基であり、且つ、nが4または6である請求項4記載の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015554885A JP6591896B2 (ja) | 2013-12-25 | 2014-12-22 | 含フッ素マクロ開始剤およびその製造方法 |
EP14874475.8A EP3088425B1 (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2014-12-22 | Fluorinated macroinitiator and method for producing same |
CN201480070597.5A CN105980416B (zh) | 2013-12-25 | 2014-12-22 | 含氟大分子引发剂及其制造方法 |
US15/107,644 US9587039B2 (en) | 2013-12-25 | 2014-12-22 | Fluorinated-containing macroinitiator and production process for the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013267282 | 2013-12-25 | ||
JP2013-267282 | 2013-12-25 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015098847A1 true WO2015098847A1 (ja) | 2015-07-02 |
Family
ID=53478701
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/083923 WO2015098847A1 (ja) | 2013-12-25 | 2014-12-22 | 含フッ素マクロ開始剤およびその製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9587039B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3088425B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6591896B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105980416B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015098847A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110183598B (zh) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-03-10 | 苏州大学 | 主链型“半氟”交替共聚物的嵌段共聚物的光照聚合法 |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004300313A (ja) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Nof Corp | 撥水撥油性ブロック共重合体およびその製造方法 |
JP2006063132A (ja) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 有機溶剤系塗布改良剤 |
JP2008297522A (ja) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Agc Seimi Chemical Co Ltd | ブロック共重合体の製造方法及び界面活性剤 |
JP2009242550A (ja) | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 表面処理剤および撥水撥油処理方法 |
JP2010512444A (ja) * | 2006-12-12 | 2010-04-22 | ユニヴァーシティー オブ リーズ | 可逆性ミセル及びそれを使うための適用 |
JP2010235784A (ja) | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-21 | Dic Corp | 含フッ素ラジカル重合性ブロック共重合体、それを用いた活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂組成物及び含フッ素ラジカル重合性ブロック共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2011099540A1 (ja) | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ブロック重合体の製造方法およびブロック重合体、ならびに表面処理剤 |
JP2012236891A (ja) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-12-06 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | 樹脂組成物及びその製造方法 |
WO2013027679A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 含フッ素ブロック共重合体およびその製造方法、ならびに表面処理剤 |
JP2013139563A (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-18 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co:The | コポリマー、製造法、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
WO2013120055A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Preparation, purification and use of high-x diblock copolymers |
WO2013120051A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Preparation, purification and use of high-x diblock copolymers |
JP2013227505A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-11-07 | Suntech Co Ltd | ホスホリルコリン基を含有する共重合体とその製造及び利用方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8536266B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2013-09-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Pneumatic tire |
-
2014
- 2014-12-22 JP JP2015554885A patent/JP6591896B2/ja active Active
- 2014-12-22 EP EP14874475.8A patent/EP3088425B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-22 CN CN201480070597.5A patent/CN105980416B/zh active Active
- 2014-12-22 US US15/107,644 patent/US9587039B2/en active Active
- 2014-12-22 WO PCT/JP2014/083923 patent/WO2015098847A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004300313A (ja) | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Nof Corp | 撥水撥油性ブロック共重合体およびその製造方法 |
JP2006063132A (ja) | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-09 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 有機溶剤系塗布改良剤 |
JP2010512444A (ja) * | 2006-12-12 | 2010-04-22 | ユニヴァーシティー オブ リーズ | 可逆性ミセル及びそれを使うための適用 |
JP2008297522A (ja) | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Agc Seimi Chemical Co Ltd | ブロック共重合体の製造方法及び界面活性剤 |
JP2009242550A (ja) | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 表面処理剤および撥水撥油処理方法 |
JP2010235784A (ja) | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-21 | Dic Corp | 含フッ素ラジカル重合性ブロック共重合体、それを用いた活性エネルギー線硬化型樹脂組成物及び含フッ素ラジカル重合性ブロック共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2011099540A1 (ja) | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | ブロック重合体の製造方法およびブロック重合体、ならびに表面処理剤 |
JP2012236891A (ja) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-12-06 | Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd | 樹脂組成物及びその製造方法 |
WO2013027679A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 含フッ素ブロック共重合体およびその製造方法、ならびに表面処理剤 |
JP2013139563A (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-07-18 | Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co:The | コポリマー、製造法、ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
WO2013120055A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Preparation, purification and use of high-x diblock copolymers |
WO2013120051A1 (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2013-08-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Preparation, purification and use of high-x diblock copolymers |
JP2013227505A (ja) * | 2012-03-02 | 2013-11-07 | Suntech Co Ltd | ホスホリルコリン基を含有する共重合体とその製造及び利用方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
BENOIT, D. ET AL., J. AM. CHEM. SOC., vol. 121, 1999, pages 3904 |
KOIRY, B. P. ET AL., J. FLUORINE CHEM., vol. 153, 2013, pages 137 - 142 |
MATYJASZEWSKI, K. ET AL., CHEM. REV., vol. 101, 2001, pages 2921 - 2990 |
MOAD, G. ET AL., AUST. J. CHEM., vol. 58, 2005, pages 379 - 410 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3088425A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
CN105980416A (zh) | 2016-09-28 |
CN105980416B (zh) | 2018-01-23 |
JP6591896B2 (ja) | 2019-10-16 |
EP3088425B1 (en) | 2020-09-30 |
US9587039B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
EP3088425A4 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
JPWO2015098847A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
US20160340448A1 (en) | 2016-11-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Dire et al. | Nitroxide-mediated copolymerization of methacrylic acid and styrene to form amphiphilic diblock copolymers | |
Martin et al. | Preparation of complex multiblock copolymers via aqueous RAFT polymerization at room temperature | |
US11667734B2 (en) | Oxygen tolerant and room temperature raft through alkylborane initiation | |
WO2013027679A1 (ja) | 含フッ素ブロック共重合体およびその製造方法、ならびに表面処理剤 | |
WO2006047398A3 (en) | Star polymers and compositions thereof | |
US20090306297A1 (en) | Process for preparing a copolymer with controlled architecture, of telomer or block copolymer type, obtained from vinyl phosphonate monomers, by iodine transfer polymerization | |
AU2011281008B2 (en) | SET-LRP polymerization of acrylates in the presence of acids | |
Vandenbergh et al. | Synthesis of macromonomers from high-temperature activation of nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP)-made polyacrylates | |
CN100999562A (zh) | 无有机溶剂型含氟无皂乳液的制备方法 | |
US10196473B2 (en) | Fluorine-containing diblock copolymer | |
JP6591896B2 (ja) | 含フッ素マクロ開始剤およびその製造方法 | |
JP2015124232A (ja) | 含フッ素2ブロック共重合体の製造方法 | |
JP6693571B2 (ja) | 含フッ素重合体およびこれを有効成分とする防錆剤 | |
Shu et al. | “One pot” synthesis of fluorinated block copolymers using a surface-active ATRP initiator under emulsion polymerization conditions | |
US9410005B2 (en) | Polymer, preparation method thereof, composition and film comprising the same | |
TWI733668B (zh) | 烯基醚-乙烯酯共聚物 | |
JPWO2013115197A1 (ja) | 含フッ素共重合体およびその製造方法、ならびに撥水撥油剤組成物 | |
US6096827A (en) | Fluorine-containing graft copolymer and its manufacturing method | |
JP6812167B2 (ja) | 超高分子量ポリスチレンスルホン酸又はその塩、その製造方法及びその用途 | |
US9969823B1 (en) | Synthesis and polymerization of vinyl triazolium ionic liquids | |
US20180118869A1 (en) | Method for producing alkenyl ether polymer | |
Pardal et al. | Kinetics of cotelomerization of 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate and perfluorodecylacrylate | |
Subramanian et al. | Rapid ambient temperature atom transfer radical polymerization of tert‐butyl acrylate | |
Grigoreva et al. | Synthesis of functional fluorinated copolymers with different microstructure via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process | |
Tongkhundam et al. | Tribological properties of perfluoralkylethyl methacrylate-polymethyl methacrylate copolymer thin films |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14874475 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2015554885 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15107644 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2014874475 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2014874475 Country of ref document: EP |