WO2015083483A1 - 面発光ユニット - Google Patents
面発光ユニット Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015083483A1 WO2015083483A1 PCT/JP2014/079478 JP2014079478W WO2015083483A1 WO 2015083483 A1 WO2015083483 A1 WO 2015083483A1 JP 2014079478 W JP2014079478 W JP 2014079478W WO 2015083483 A1 WO2015083483 A1 WO 2015083483A1
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- Prior art keywords
- light
- light emitting
- emitting
- panels
- region
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
- F21V7/28—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/61—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using light guides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic element specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, covered by group H10K10/00
- H10K19/901—Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic element specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/854—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising scattering means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/10—OLED displays
- H10K59/18—Tiled displays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
- F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/20—Electroluminescent [EL] light sources
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
- G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
- H10K2102/302—Details of OLEDs of OLED structures
- H10K2102/3023—Direction of light emission
- H10K2102/3026—Top emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/81—Anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a surface light-emitting unit, and more particularly, to a surface light-emitting unit including a plurality of surface light-emitting panels arranged so that each light-emitting surface is arranged in a plane.
- the surface light emitting unit is not limited to a lighting device, and is also used as a backlight for outdoor advertisements such as a liquid crystal display, a computer monitor, or digital signage.
- a surface light emitting panel such as an organic EL (electroluminescence) element is used for the surface light emitting panel.
- the organic EL element can obtain high luminance with low power consumption, and exhibits excellent performance in terms of responsiveness and life.
- a non-light-emitting region is located on the outer edge of the light-emitting surface of the surface light-emitting panel.
- a reduction in luminance in the front direction of these non-light emitting portions and portions corresponding to the surrounding portions is inevitable. Therefore, when no countermeasure is taken, this appears as luminance unevenness, and a dark portion is generated along the non-light emitting portion.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention related to a lighting device.
- This illumination device includes a surface light emitting device and an optical member.
- the publication states that according to this lighting device, it is possible to make it difficult to recognize dark parts due to non-light emitting parts.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an invention related to a lighting device.
- This illumination device includes an optical member and a plurality of light emitting elements.
- This publication states that according to this optical member and the illumination device, illumination light can be irradiated in a state where there is little luminance unevenness over an area larger than the front surface of each light emitting element by using a plurality of light emitting elements.
- This disclosure is intended to provide a surface light emitting unit that improves the luminance in the front direction of a portion corresponding to a non-light emitting portion and a peripheral portion thereof.
- a surface emitting unit includes a plurality of surface emitting panels that emit light toward the front side, and a plurality of adjacent surface emitting panels that are arranged so that the light emitting surfaces are arranged in a plane.
- the transmissive member is disposed opposite to the light emitting surface, and reflects and propagates light emitted from the surface light emitting panel, and a light scattering portion that scatters the light propagated by the transmissive member toward the front side.
- Each light emitting surface of the plurality of surface light emitting panels has a light emitting region that emits light and a non-light emitting region that is located on the outer periphery of the light emitting region and does not emit light.
- the light scattering portion is provided on the surface light emitting panel so as to overlap the non-light emitting region when viewed from the front side.
- the surface emitting unit extends in the normal direction of the light emitting surface when a light distribution curve in a plane perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the light emitted from the surface emitting panel is drawn for each of the plurality of surface emitting panels.
- the portion of the light distribution curve that satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ Have at least.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the surface emitting panel used for the surface emitting unit according to Embodiment 1, a transmissive member, and a reflecting member.
- 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panel according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the vertical in-plane light distribution according to the 3rd structural example of the organic EL element with which the surface emitting panel shown in FIG. 1 was equipped.
- FIG. 6 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing a dimming pattern density distribution of an optical filter in Example 4.
- 10 is a cross-sectional density profile along line XX in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the surface emitting unit in other embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the surface light emitting unit 1.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which a later-described transmission member 16 is removed from the surface light emitting unit 1.
- 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the surface light emitting unit shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the surface emitting panels 10A and 10B, the transmissive member 16, and the reflecting member 20 used in the surface emitting unit 1.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the surface light emitting unit 1.
- FIG. 1 shows a state in which a later-described transmission member 16 is removed from the surface light emitting unit 1.
- 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the surface light emitting unit shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the surface emitting panels 10A and 10B, the transmissive member 16, and the reflecting member 20 used in the surface emitting unit 1.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 has a flat, substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape as a whole.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 includes surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, a transmissive member 16, and a reflective member 20.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 may include a base plate and a frame plate (not shown) as a housing for housing the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, the transmission member 16, and the reflection member 20.
- the base plate constitutes the back surface of the housing and is a member for holding the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D.
- the frame plate is a member constituting the side surface of the housing and is disposed along the outer periphery of the surface light emitting unit 1. Is done.
- Each of the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D has a flat shape extending along the surface direction.
- the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged so that the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are arranged in a plane.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D are configured by a laminate of transparent substrates 11A to 11D and light emitters 12A to 12D including organic EL elements, and the transparent substrates 11A to 11D are positioned on the transmissive member 16 side. Yes.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D having the configuration are surface light emitting panels made of so-called bottom emission type organic EL elements.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D are not limited to the above, and may be a surface light emitting panel made of a top emission type organic EL element, or a plurality of light emitting diodes and emission surface sides of these light emitting diodes ( It may be a surface light-emitting panel composed of a diffusion plate arranged on the front side), or a surface light-emitting panel using a cold cathode tube or the like.
- Surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged in an array.
- the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged with a space therebetween, and a gap 30 is formed between adjacent surface emitting panels.
- a total of four gaps 30 are formed between adjacent surface light emitting panels among the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D.
- the gap 30 By providing the gap 30, it is possible to increase the area of the light source with a smaller number of panels than when the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged in contact with each other. If it is not necessary to increase the area of the light source, the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D may be arranged in contact with each other without providing the gap 30.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D have light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D.
- the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are configured by the outer surfaces of the transparent substrates 11A to 11D located on the side opposite to the side where the light emitters 12A to 12D are located.
- the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D passes through the transparent substrates 11A to 11D, and is emitted toward the transmissive member 16 side (front side) through the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D (in FIG. 3). (See arrow AR shown).
- the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D are arranged so that the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are arranged in a plane.
- Surface emitting panels 10A to 10D according to the present embodiment are arranged so that light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D are located on the same plane.
- the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D have light emitting regions 14A to 14D that emit light and non-light emitting regions 15A to 15D located on the outer periphery of the light emitting regions 14A to 14D.
- the light emitting areas 14A to 14D have a rectangular shape.
- the non-light emitting regions 15A to 15D have a rectangular annular shape.
- the non-light emitting regions 15A to 15D are formed by providing portions for sealing the organic EL elements included in the light emitters 12A to 12D and connecting wirings to the organic EL elements.
- a portion including the gap 30 formed between adjacent surface emitting panels and the non-light emitting area of the surface emitting panel located adjacent to the gap 30 constitutes the non-light emitting portion 40.
- the non-light emitting part 40 is a part that causes a dark part when no measures are taken, and a total of four non-light emitting parts 40 are formed between adjacent surface emitting panels.
- the gap 30 is not formed, the non-light emitting area of the adjacent surface light emitting panel corresponds to the non-light emitting portion 40.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panel 10A.
- the transmissive member 16 provided on the light emitting surface 13A is not shown for convenience.
- FIG. 4 the structure of the organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D will be described. Since the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D all have the same configuration, the following description will be made focusing on the surface light emitting panel 10A.
- the organic EL element provided in the surface light emitting panel 10A includes a transparent electrode layer 110, an organic electroluminescent layer 120, and a reflective electrode layer 130 as the light emitter 12A in addition to the transparent substrate 11A.
- the transparent electrode layer 110, the organic electroluminescent layer 120, and the reflective electrode layer 130 are laminated on the main surface of the transparent substrate 11A in this order.
- the transparent electrode layer 110 corresponds to an anode
- the reflective electrode layer 130 corresponds to a cathode.
- the transparent substrate 11A serves as a base material on which the above-described various layers are formed on the main surface (the surface opposite to the light emitting surface 13A), and has an insulating property that transmits light in the visible light region satisfactorily. It is comprised by the member of.
- the transparent substrate 11A may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate.
- the transparent substrate 11A is configured by, for example, a glass plate, a plastic plate, a polymer film, a silicon plate, or a laminate of these from the above-described light-transmitting viewpoint.
- the transparent electrode layer 110 is provided on one main surface (surface opposite to the light emitting surface 13A) of the transparent substrate 11A, and transmits light in the visible light region and has good electrical conductivity. It is composed of a film.
- examples of the transparent electrode layer 110 include an ITO (mixture of indium oxide and tin oxide) film, an IZO (mixture of indium oxide and zinc oxide film) film, a ZnO film, and a CuI film.
- Inorganic conductive films such as SnO2 films, organic conductive films such as PEDOT / PSS (polyethylenedioxythiophene and polystyrene sulfonic acid) films, and composite conductive materials in which silver nanowires and carbon nanotubes are dispersed in polymer materials Consists of a film or the like.
- the transparent electrode layer 110 is provided on the transparent substrate 11A by employing, for example, any one of a vapor deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, a printing method, and the like.
- the spin coating method, the ink jet method, and the printing method can be particularly preferably used because a homogeneous film can be easily obtained and the generation of pinholes can be suppressed.
- the organic electroluminescent layer 120 is provided on the main surface of the transparent electrode layer 110 opposite to the side where the transparent substrate 11A is located, and includes at least a light emitting layer 121 made of a fluorescent compound or a phosphorescent compound. It is composed of a film that transmits light in the visible light region satisfactorily.
- the organic electroluminescent layer 120 further includes a hole transport layer 122 located closer to the transparent electrode layer 110 than the light emitting layer 121 and an electron transport layer 123 located closer to the reflective electrode layer 130 than the light emitting layer 121. Yes.
- a lithium fluoride film, an inorganic metal salt film, or the like may be formed at any position in the thickness direction in the organic electroluminescent layer 120.
- Examples of the organic electroluminescent layer 120 include Alq3 (tris (8-quinolinolato) aluminum) and ⁇ -NPD (4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl).
- a laminated film including an organic material laminated film or a film made of these organic materials and a metal film represented by an MgAg alloy or the like can be suitably used.
- an organic metal complex may be used from the viewpoint of improving the external quantum efficiency of the organic EL element and extending the light emission lifetime.
- the metal element that follows the formation of the complex is preferably any one metal belonging to Group VIII, Group IX, and Group X of the periodic table, or Al, Zn, and particularly Ir, Pt, Al, Zn It is preferable that
- the organic electroluminescent layer 120 is provided on the transparent electrode layer 110 by employing, for example, any one of a vapor deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, a printing method, and the like.
- the spin coating method, the ink jet method, and the printing method can be particularly preferably used because a homogeneous film can be easily obtained and the generation of pinholes can be suppressed.
- the reflective electrode layer 130 is provided on the main surface of the organic electroluminescent layer 120 opposite to the side on which the transparent electrode layer 110 is located, and reflects the light in the visible light region well and has good electrical conductivity. It is comprised with the film
- the reflective electrode layer 130 is made of, for example, a metal film made of Al, Ag, Ni, Ti, Na, Ca, or an alloy containing any of these.
- the reflective electrode layer 130 is provided on the organic electroluminescent layer 120 by employing, for example, a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method.
- the transmissive member 16 is disposed so as to face the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D of the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, and is located on the front side when viewed from the transparent substrates 11A to 11D. Yes.
- the transmissive member 16 according to the present embodiment is provided on the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D so as to straddle the gap 30.
- the transmissive member 16 is fixed on the transparent substrates 11A to 11D (light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D) using an optical transparent adhesive (not shown) or the like.
- the transmissive member 16 is made of a material having a high transmittance (for example, a total light transmittance in the visible light wavelength region measured by a method based on JIS K 7361-1: 1997 is 80% or more) and having excellent flexibility. It is preferable.
- Examples of the transmissive member 16 include a transparent resin substrate such as an acrylic resin, a transparent resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the like.
- the transmissive member 16 and the transparent substrates 11A to 11D are formed as separate members.
- the light emitters 12A to 12D function as a light emitter, and the transmissive member 16 and the transparent substrates 11A to 11D function as a light guide that guides the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D.
- the light generated by the light emitters 12A to 12D passes through the transparent substrates 11A to 11D, is emitted from the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D, and then enters the transmission member 16.
- the incident light passes through the inside of the transmissive member 16 and is emitted as it is, or is reflected and propagated inside the transmissive member 16 and emitted.
- the reflecting member 20 has a function as a light scattering portion, and scatters and reflects a part of the light emitted from the light emitting surfaces 13A to 13D of the surface emitting panels 10A to 10D and propagated inside the transmitting member 16. To do.
- the reflecting member 20 is a cross-shaped member (see FIG. 1) having a total of four rod-like portions extending from the central portion of the surface emitting unit 1 corresponding to the four non-light emitting portions 40 (see FIG. 1). Consists of. Note that the reflecting member 20 is preferably one that scatters and reflects light without transmitting it.
- Each portion of the reflecting member 20 extending in a bar shape is arranged along the outer edge of the light emitting surface of the adjacent surface light emitting panel so as to overlap the non-light emitting region when viewed from the front (light emitting surface) side. More specifically, the reflecting member 20 is provided on the light emitting surface of the surface light emitting panel so as to straddle and extend along the outer edges of the light emitting surfaces of the adjacent surface light emitting panels.
- the reflecting member 20 will be described in more detail. Since the four portions extending in the rod shape of the reflecting member 20 all have the same shape, in the following, among the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D, the surface light emitting panel 10A and the surface light emitting panel 10B will be described below. The description will be given focusing only on the part in between.
- the reflecting member 20 is positioned on the light emitting surface 13A of the first surface light emitting panel 10A and the light emitting surface 13B of the second surface light emitting panel 10B so as to face the non-light emitting portion 40. ing.
- the reflecting member 20 includes a non-light emitting region 15A located on an outer edge of the light emitting surface 13A of the first surface light emitting panel 10A on the second surface light emitting panel 10B side, and a light emitting surface 13B of the second surface light emitting panel 10B. Straddling the non-light emitting region 15B located at the outer edge on the first surface-emitting panel 10A side (that is, the reflecting member 20 overlaps the non-light emitting regions 15A and 15B of these portions when viewed from the front side), and The first surface light emitting panel 10A and the second surface light emitting panel 10B are provided so as to extend along the non-light emitting regions 15A and 15B.
- the reflecting member 20 may be composed of an organic solvent-based white ink in which scattering particles are dispersed.
- the scattering reflection surface by the reflection member 20 can be formed by, for example, applying white ink to the surface of the transmission member 16 by inkjet.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a vertical in-plane light distribution according to the first to third configuration examples of the organic EL element included in the surface light emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 6 is a table showing a specific example of film configuration conditions for realizing the organic EL elements according to the first to third configuration examples.
- the first to third configuration examples of the organic EL element provided in the surface light-emitting panel of the surface light-emitting unit according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.
- the organic EL element according to the first to third configuration examples draws a light distribution curve in a plane perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the light emitted from the surface light emitting panel
- the luminance in the direction in which the angle formed with the axis is ⁇ (that is, the luminance in the range of ⁇ 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 90 ° and ⁇ ⁇ 0 °) is L
- the light distribution curve is Both include portions that satisfy the condition of L> cos ⁇ .
- the organic EL element according to the first configuration example satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ in the range of ⁇ 70 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 70 ° (where ⁇ ⁇ 0 °), and the organic EL device according to the second configuration example.
- the element satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ in the range of ⁇ 65 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 65 ° (where ⁇ ⁇ 0 °)
- the organic EL element according to the third configuration example has approximately ⁇ 80 ° ⁇ . In the range of ⁇ ⁇ 50 ° and 50 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 80 °, the condition of L> cos ⁇ is satisfied.
- the organic EL elements according to the first to third configuration examples having the above-described vertical in-plane light distribution can be realized by adjusting the thickness of the electron transport layer, for example, as shown in FIG. is there.
- An ITO film is used as the transparent electrode layer
- an MgAg film is used as the electron transport layer
- an Alq3 film is used as the light emitting layer
- an ⁇ -NPD film is used as the hole transport layer
- an Ag film is used as the reflective electrode layer
- FIG. As shown, when the thickness of the transparent electrode layer / hole transport layer / light emitting layer is 150 nm / 50 nm / 20 nm, the Lambertian distribution is generally obtained if the thickness of the electron transport layer is 20 nm or less. It is done.
- the vertical in-plane light distribution is obtained in the first configuration example. If the thickness of the electron transport layer is 100 nm, the vertical configuration in the second configuration example is obtained. An in-plane light distribution is obtained. If the thickness of the electron transport layer is 300 nm, the vertical in-plane light distribution in the third configuration example is obtained.
- the vertical in-plane light distribution of the organic EL elements according to the first to third configuration examples is different from the Lambertian distribution of a normal light source in the angle dependency of light emitted from the light emitting surface. In particular, it means that the amount of light emitted toward the oblique direction on the front side is larger than the amount of light emitted toward the front direction.
- a surface light emitting panel including an organic EL element having such a vertical in-plane light distribution it is possible to transmit light more than when using a surface light emitting panel including an organic EL element having a Lambertian distribution. Since the amount of light that is totally reflected and propagated inside the member 16 increases, the amount of light that is scattered and reflected by the reflecting member 20 provided facing the non-light emitting portion 40 and emitted to the front side. Will also increase.
- surface emitting unit 1 guides more light out of the light emitted from the organic EL element to the light emitting surface of transmissive member 16 corresponding to the non-light emitting portion and the surrounding portion. As a result, the luminance in the front direction of the portion is improved. As a result, the non-uniformity of the luminance is reduced, and the non-light emitting portion becomes less noticeable.
- the surface light emitting unit 1 by adopting the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1 according to the present embodiment, the surface light emitting unit in which the luminance in the front direction of the non-light emitting portion 40 and the portion corresponding to the peripheral portion is improved as compared with the conventional case. In addition, it is possible to obtain a surface light emitting unit in which nonuniformity of luminance is reduced and the non-light emitting portion becomes inconspicuous.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the surface light emitting unit in the second embodiment.
- the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1 ⁇ / b> A corresponds to a configuration in which the optical filter 17 and the scattering sheet 18 are added to the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1, and other configurations are the same as the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1.
- the optical filter 17 is disposed in parallel to the light emitting side surface of the transmission member 16 and is provided between the scattering sheet 18 and the transmission member 16.
- the optical filter 17 is in optical contact with the transmission member 16.
- the optical filter 17 may be bonded to the light emitting side surface of the transmissive member 16 using an optical adhesive having transparency.
- the optical filter 17 functions as a light reducing member, and reduces the amount of light emitted from the light emitting surface of the transmissive member 16.
- the optical filter 17 reduces the light incident on the optical filter 17 by a predetermined amount and emits it.
- the optical filter 17 is printed with a pattern having a circular light reduction region that reduces the amount of light using an inkjet. This pattern adjusts the transmittance of the optical filter 17.
- the scattering sheet 18 functions as a scattering member, scatters (diffuses) the light emitted from the surface light emitting panels 10A to 10D and transmits the light toward the outside, and faces the light emission surface of the transmission member 16. Is provided. Specifically, the scattering sheet 18 is affixed to the optical filter 17 with air interposed on the surface of the optical filter 17.
- the boundary between the formation region of the scattering reflection surface facing the non-light emitting portion and the light emitting region can be made inconspicuous.
- a surface emitting unit that further reduces non-uniformity can be realized.
- the scattering sheet 18 there are those that scatter light by using the internal scattering action by including fine particles inside, and those that scatter the light by using the interface reflection action by having irregularities on the surface. Is available.
- the light generated by the light emitters 12A and 12B passes through the transparent substrates 11A and 11B, is emitted from the light emitting surfaces 13A and 13B, and then enters the transmission member 16.
- the incident light passes through the inside of the transmission member 16 and is emitted to the scattering sheet 18 side through the optical filter 17, or is reflected and propagated inside the transmission member 16 to propagate through the optical filter 17. Or injected to the side.
- the luminance on the front side along the optical axis extending in the normal direction of the light emitting surface is 1, and the angle formed between the optical axis in the plane is ⁇ If the luminance in a certain direction is L, the light distribution curve includes a portion satisfying the condition of L> cos ⁇ .
- the vertical in-plane light distribution shown in the light distribution curve of the present embodiment also means that the angle dependency of the light emitted from the light emitting surface is different from the normal Lambertian distribution, In particular, it means that the amount of light emitted in the oblique direction with respect to the front side is larger than the amount of light emitted in the front direction.
- the surface light emitting panels 10A and 10B having such a vertical in-plane light distribution By using the surface light emitting panels 10A and 10B having such a vertical in-plane light distribution, more of the light emitted from the surface light emitting panels 10A and 10B is totally reflected inside the transmission member 16. The amount of light that is propagated and scattered and reflected by the reflecting member 20 provided to face the non-light emitting portion 40 and emitted to the front side also increases.
- the surface emitting unit 1A it is possible to guide more light out of the light emitted from the organic EL element to the non-light emitting part and the part of the scattering sheet 18 corresponding to the surrounding part. Therefore, the luminance in the front direction of the portion is improved.
- surface emitting unit 1A it is possible to adjust the transmittance of the light emitted to the front side by optical filter 17, and the portion corresponding to non-light emitting portion 40 and its peripheral portion.
- the light incident on the scattering sheet 18 is further scattered by the scattering sheet 18 and is emitted toward the outside, so that the non-uniformity of luminance is further reduced and the non-light emitting portion becomes less noticeable.
- the surface light emitting unit 1A according to the present embodiment can also be a surface light emitting unit in which the luminance in the front direction of the non-light emitting portion 40 and the portion corresponding to the peripheral portion is improved as compared with the conventional case. Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a surface light emitting unit in which the non-uniformity of luminance is reduced and the non-light emitting portion is less noticeable.
- the surface emitting units according to Example 1 to Example 3 each include a surface emitting panel including the organic EL elements according to the first to third configuration examples described in the first embodiment.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 4 is the surface emitting unit according to the second embodiment, and includes a surface emitting panel including the organic EL element according to the first configuration example shown in FIG. And the surface emitting unit according to Example 4 is provided with the optical filter shown by FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 mentioned later as an optical filter mentioned above.
- the width of the surface light-emitting panel is 90 mm
- the width of the non-light-emitting portion is 10 mm
- an acrylic plate (refractive index 1) 5) is 3 mm in thickness
- a white reflective film is used as the reflective member.
- a light attenuation region having a transmittance of about 70% and a haze of 90% or more is configured according to the density distribution.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing normalized front luminance profiles of the surface emitting units according to Examples 1 to 4 and the comparative example.
- FIG. 9 is a conceptual partial enlarged view showing the density distribution of the dimming region of the optical filter in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional density profile along the line XX in FIG. 8 and 10, the horizontal axis position (mm) is set to 0 mm at the center of the non-light emitting portion generated between the two planar light emitting panels arranged, and the non-light emitting portion exists at ⁇ 5 mm. 50 mm is the approximate center of the surface emitting panel. Note that the normalized front luminance shown in FIG. 8 is normalized so that the value of the center of the surface light emitting panel (the center of the light emitting area) is 1000.
- the normalized front luminance on the light emitting surface of the planar light emitting unit in the comparative example is a region corresponding to a non-light emitting portion generated between two planar light emitting panels arranged side by side. It can be confirmed.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 1 and Example 3 it can be seen that the front luminance is significantly improved in the region corresponding to the non-light emitting part as compared with the surface light emitting units according to the comparative example.
- the surface emitting unit according to Example 1 (corresponding to the first configuration example) and Example 3 (corresponding to the third configuration example) is acrylic. This is because there is a lot of light emitted toward the critical angle (42 °) between the plate and air, or emitted toward an angle exceeding the critical angle.
- the amount of light radiated at an angle near the critical angle propagates while reflecting inside the transmission member and reaches the reflection member (scattering reflection surface).
- the incident angle with respect to the scattering reflection surface is small (the angle formed with the normal line standing on the scattering reflection surface is small), so that light is easily scattered in the front direction. Therefore, in the case where the surface light emitting panel has a light distribution with a large amount of light emitted toward the vicinity of the critical angle, the luminance can be efficiently improved in a region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion.
- the light emitted from the peripheral area of the surface light emitting panel propagates inside the transmissive member, and the number of reflections until reaching the reflecting member (scattering reflecting surface) is small.
- the amount of light emitted is reduced. Therefore, in particular, the luminance can be efficiently improved in the region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion by adopting a configuration having a light distribution that satisfies the condition of L> cos ⁇ in the peripheral region of the surface light emitting panel.
- the front luminance is improved in the region corresponding to the non-light emitting part as compared with the surface light emitting unit according to the comparative example.
- this is the critical angle (42 ° between the acrylic plate and the air) in the surface emitting unit according to the second embodiment (corresponding to the second configuration example).
- the light emitted toward the vicinity or the light emitted toward the angle exceeding the critical angle is small as compared with the surface light emitting units according to the first and third embodiments, but is emitted toward the critical angle. This is because the amount of light is larger than that of the surface emitting unit according to the comparative example.
- Example 1 and Example 3 it can be seen that the front luminance of the region corresponding to the non-light emitting portion is higher than the front luminance of the region corresponding to the light emitting region.
- the nonuniformity of luminance can be reduced by adjusting the transmittance of light emitted to the front side by the optical filter.
- the optical filter used in Example 4 has a pattern having a plurality of dimming regions, and adjustment of the light transmittance distribution of these optical filters is performed by changing the arrangement position and size of the plurality of dimming regions. It is done by adjusting.
- the optical filter applied in Example 4 has a circular reduction in the region facing the non-light emitting portion in the plane thereof, rather than the region facing the light emitting region. It can be seen that the density of the light region (black dot portion in FIG. 9) is high. In other words, the optical filter has a light transmittance distribution in which the light transmittance of the region facing the light emitting region is higher than the light transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting portion. In addition, the diameter of the circular attenuation
- the surface light emitting unit according to the fourth embodiment includes the surface light emitting panel including the organic EL element according to the same first configuration example as the first embodiment.
- the front luminance of the non-light emitting portion is reduced as compared with the surface light emitting unit according to the first embodiment, and the front luminance distribution is more uniform as a whole. It turns out that it is.
- the optical filter is used as follows. What is necessary is just composition. That is, the optical filter is configured to have a light transmittance distribution in which the region facing the light emitting region has higher transmittance than the region facing the non-light emitting region (or the non-light emitting portion) in the plane. Thus, a more uniform front luminance distribution can be realized.
- Example 4 in which the optical filter is applied to the surface light emitting unit according to Example 1 is shown, but the surface light emitting unit according to Example 3 is applied more uniformly by applying the optical filter having the same configuration. Can be realized.
- the luminance in the front direction of the non-light emitting portion and the portion corresponding to the peripheral portion is improved as compared with the conventional case.
- a front luminance distribution is obtained.
- the configuration in which the optical filter and the scattering sheet are added to the surface emitting unit according to the first embodiment has been described as the configuration of the surface emitting unit according to the second embodiment.
- the surface light emitting unit according to the embodiment may be a surface light emitting unit obtained by adding only the scattering sheet 18 to the surface light emitting unit 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a surface light emitting unit 1B according to another embodiment.
- the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1 ⁇ / b> B corresponds to a configuration in which the scattering sheet 18 is added to the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1, and the other configurations are the same as the configuration of the surface light emitting unit 1.
- the scattering sheet 18 is attached to the transmissive member 16 with air interposed on the surface of the transmissive member 16. Note that the scattering sheet 18 may be in optical contact with the transmissive member 16 without interposing air on the surface of the transmissive member 16.
- a surface light emitting unit in which the luminance in the front direction of the non-light emitting portion and the portion corresponding to the non-light emitting portion is improved can be obtained.
- a reflecting member having an integrated cross shape is arranged in the gap so as to match the shape of the gap formed between adjacent surface emitting panels is illustrated.
- it may be configured by four reflecting members in which each of the portions extending in a bar shape is independently formed.
- the width of the non-light-emitting portion and the width of the reflecting member are substantially illustrated has been described. However, these need not necessarily match. One of them may be larger than the other.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and other methods such as changing the film configuration of the organic EL element can naturally be applied.
- the desired light distribution characteristic as mentioned above can be acquired by variously adjusting the structure of the said light source.
- the surface light emitting unit including four surface light emitting panels in an array has been described as an example.
- the number of surface light emitting panels and the layout of the surface light emitting panels are described here.
- the present invention is not limited to the above, and any surface emitting unit may be used as long as it is provided with two or more surface emitting panels and these surface emitting panels are arranged side by side so as to be adjacent to each other. Is possible.
- the surface light emitting unit to which this embodiment is applied is not limited to a illuminating device in a narrow sense used for indoor or outdoor lighting applications.
- the surface light emitting unit includes a display, a display device, and an electric display type.
- a lighting device in a broad sense included in a signboard or an advertisement is included.
- Embodiment 2 described above the case where the scattering sheet is attached to the optical filter in a state in which air is interposed on the surface of the optical filter is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the case where the sheet is optically adhered to the optical filter without interposing air on the surface of the optical filter may be used.
- the reflecting member is made of a reflecting film, white ink, and the like, and the scattering reflecting surface and the light emitting surface are relatively flat has been described.
- the reflective surface may have an inclination angle. Thereby, the amount of light emitted to the front side in the non-light emitting portion is increased, and the luminance in the non-light emitting portion can be improved.
- the configuration in which the reflecting member is provided in the portion facing the light emitting surface of the transmitting member is illustrated.
- a semi-transparent scatterer for example, scattering transmittance: 50%
- scattering transmittance 50%
- a reflecting member that scatters and reflects
- the surface emitting units described above are arranged so that the respective light emitting surfaces are arranged in a plane, and face a plurality of surface emitting panels that emit light toward the front side, and light emitting surfaces of a plurality of adjacent surface emitting panels.
- a transmissive member that is arranged and reflects and propagates the light emitted from the surface light emitting panel, and a light scatterer that scatters the light propagated by the transmissive member toward the front side.
- Each light emitting surface of the plurality of surface light emitting panels has a light emitting region that emits light and a non-light emitting region that is located on the outer periphery of the light emitting region and does not emit light.
- the light scattering portion is provided on the surface light emitting panel so as to overlap the non-light emitting region when viewed from the front side.
- the surface emitting unit extends in the normal direction of the light emitting surface when a light distribution curve in a plane perpendicular to the light emitting surface of the light emitted from the surface emitting panel is drawn for each of the plurality of surface emitting panels.
- the angle ⁇ in the portion satisfying the condition of L> cos ⁇ is an angle near the critical angle between the transmission member and the outside.
- the light scattering portion is provided in a portion facing the light emitting surface of the transmission member, and is configured by a reflection member that scatters and reflects a part of the light propagated by the transmission member toward the front side.
- the surface light emitting unit further includes a scattering member that is provided to face the light emission surface of the transmissive member and scatters light emitted from the plurality of surface light emitting panels.
- the surface light emitting unit further includes a light reducing member provided between the transmitting member and the scattering member.
- the light reducing member has a light transmittance distribution in which the light transmittance of the region facing the light emitting region is higher than the light transmittance of the region facing the non-light emitting region.
- 1, 1A, 1B surface light emitting unit 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D surface light emitting panel, 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D transparent substrate, 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D light emitter, 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D light emitting surface, 14A, 14B, 14C, 14D light emitting area, 15A, 15B, 15C, 15D non-light emitting area, 16 transmitting member, 17 optical filter, 18 scattering sheet, 20 reflecting member, 30 gap, 40 non-light emitting part, 110 transparent electrode layer, 120 organic electroluminescent layer, 121 light emitting layer, 122 hole transport layer, 123 electron transport layer, 130 reflective electrode layer.
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Abstract
Description
図1~図6を参照して、実施の形態1に従う面発光ユニット1について説明する。図1は、面発光ユニット1を示す平面図である。図1は、面発光ユニット1から後述する透過部材16を取り除いた状態を示している。図2は、図1に示す面発光ユニットの図1中に示すII-II線に沿った模式断面図である。図3は、面発光ユニット1に用いられる面発光パネル10A,10B、透過部材16、および反射部材20を示す斜視図である。
図1~図3に示すように、面発光ユニット1は、全体として扁平な略直方体形状の外形を有する。面発光ユニット1は、面発光パネル10A~10Dと、透過部材16と、反射部材20とを備える。
面発光パネル10A~10Dの各々は、面方向に沿って延在する平板状の形状を有している。面発光パネル10A~10Dは、各々の発光面13A~13Dが面状に並ぶように配列されている。面発光パネル10A~10Dは、透明基板11A~11Dと、有機EL素子を含む発光体12A~12Dとの積層体にて構成されており、透明基板11A~11Dが透過部材16側に位置している。当該構成の面発光パネル10A~10Dは、いわゆるボトムエミッション型の有機EL素子からなる面発光パネルである。
図2および図3を再び参照して、透過部材16は、面発光パネル10A~10Dの発光面13A~13Dに対向するように配置され、透明基板11A~11Dから見て正面側に位置している。本実施の形態に従う透過部材16は、隙間30を跨ぐように面発光パネル10A~10D上に設けられている。透過部材16は、透明基板11A~11D(発光面13A~13D)上において、光学系の透明な接着剤(図示せず)等を用いてこれらに固定されている。
反射部材20は、光散乱部としての機能を有しており、面発光パネル10A~10Dの発光面13A~13Dから放射されて、透過部材16の内部で伝搬された光の一部を散乱反射するものである。反射部材20は、4つの非発光部40(図1参照)に対応して面発光ユニット1の中央部から延設された合計4つの棒状に延びる部位を有する十字形状の部材(図1参照)からなる。なお、反射部材20は、光を透過させることなく散乱反射させるものが好ましい。
図5は、図1に示す面発光パネルに具備された有機EL素子の第1構成例から第3構成例に従う垂直面内配光分布を示す図である。また、図6は、第1構成例から第3構成例に従う有機EL素子を実現する具体的な膜構成の条件例を示す表である。図5および図6を参照して、本実施の形態に従う面発光ユニットの面発光パネルに具備された有機EL素子の第1構成例から第3構成例について詳細に説明する。
図7を参照して、実施の形態2に従う面発光ユニット1Aについて説明する。図7は、実施の形態2における面発光ユニットを示す断面図である。ここでは、面発光ユニット1Aと面発光ユニット1(図2参照)との相違点について説明する。面発光ユニット1Aの構成は、面発光ユニット1の構成に光学フィルタ17と散乱シート18とを追加したものに相当し、その他の構成については面発光ユニット1の構成と同様である。
以下、上述した実施の形態に基づいた実施例1から4に従う面発光ユニットの正面輝度プロファイルをシミュレーションした結果について説明する。なお、比較のために、上述した実施の形態に基づいていない比較例に従う面発光ユニットの正面輝度プロファイルをシミュレーションした結果についてもあわせて示す。
Claims (5)
- 各々の発光面が面状に並ぶように配列され、正面側に向けて光を放射する複数の面発光パネルと、
隣り合う複数の前記面発光パネルの前記発光面に対向配置され、前記面発光パネルから放射された光を内部で反射して伝搬する透過部材と、
前記透過部材により伝搬された光を正面側に向けて散乱する光散乱部とを備え、
複数の前記面発光パネルの各々の発光面は、光を放射する発光領域と、前記発光領域の外周に位置し、光を放射しない非発光領域とを有し、
前記光散乱部は、正面側から見た場合に前記非発光領域に重なるように、前記面発光パネル上に設けられ、
複数の前記面発光パネルの各々について、当該面発光パネルから放射される光の前記発光面と垂直な平面における配光曲線を描いた場合に、前記発光面の法線方向に延在する軸に沿った正面側の輝度を1とし、前記平面内において前記軸との間で形成される角がθである方向の輝度をLとすると、前記配光曲線が、L>cosθの条件を満たす部分を少なくとも有している、面発光ユニット。 - 前記L>cosθの条件を満たす部分における角θは、前記透過部材と外部との間の臨界角近傍の角度である、請求項1に記載の面発光ユニット。
- 前記光散乱部は、前記透過部材における前記発光面と対向する部分に設けられており、前記透過部材により伝搬された光の一部を正面側に向けて散乱反射する反射部材で構成されている、請求項1または2に記載の面発光ユニット。
- 前記透過部材の光射出面に対向するように設けられ、複数の前記面発光パネルから放射された光を散乱する散乱部材をさらに備える、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の面発光ユニット。
- 前記透過部材と前記散乱部材との間に設けられた減光部材をさらに備え、
前記減光部材は、その面内において、前記発光領域に対向する領域の光の透過率が、前記非発光領域に対向する領域の光の透過率に比べて高くなる光透過率分布を有する、請求項4に記載の面発光ユニット。
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EP3336424A4 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2019-03-06 | Kaneka Corporation | CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL WITH INTEGRATED LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE |
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US10094534B2 (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2018-10-09 | Konica Minolta, Inc. | Surface-emitting unit having dimming regions |
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