WO2015012067A1 - 金属錯体、吸着材、分離材および1,3-ブタジエンの分離方法 - Google Patents
金属錯体、吸着材、分離材および1,3-ブタジエンの分離方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015012067A1 WO2015012067A1 PCT/JP2014/067518 JP2014067518W WO2015012067A1 WO 2015012067 A1 WO2015012067 A1 WO 2015012067A1 JP 2014067518 W JP2014067518 W JP 2014067518W WO 2015012067 A1 WO2015012067 A1 WO 2015012067A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- butadiene
- carbon atoms
- metal complex
- gas
- Prior art date
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- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 264
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- -1 dicarboxylic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 93
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 87
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- MGFJDEHFNMWYBD-OWOJBTEDSA-N 4-[(e)-2-pyridin-4-ylethenyl]pyridine Chemical group C=1C=NC=CC=1/C=C/C1=CC=NC=C1 MGFJDEHFNMWYBD-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- DQRKTVIJNCVZAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-pyridin-4-ylethyl)pyridine Chemical compound C=1C=NC=CC=1CCC1=CC=NC=C1 DQRKTVIJNCVZAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 9
- NBDAHKQJXVLAID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitroisophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1 NBDAHKQJXVLAID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- UHBAPGWWRFVTFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-dipyridyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=NC=CC=1SSC1=CC=NC=C1 UHBAPGWWRFVTFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N cis-but-2-ene Chemical compound C\C=C/C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DHKSJSQSVHHBPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dipyridin-4-ylethane-1,2-diol Chemical compound C=1C=NC=CC=1C(O)C(O)C1=CC=NC=C1 DHKSJSQSVHHBPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004442 acylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OIALIKXMLIAOSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propylpyridine Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=N1 OIALIKXMLIAOSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 17
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910004013 NO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- OGNCVVRIKNGJHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-pyridin-4-ylpropyl)pyridine Chemical compound C=1C=NC=CC=1CCCC1=CC=NC=C1 OGNCVVRIKNGJHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 0 Cc1c(*)c(*)c(*)c(*)n1 Chemical compound Cc1c(*)c(*)c(*)c(*)n1 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001231 benzoyloxy group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/047—Pressure swing adsorption
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal complex, an adsorbent and a separating material comprising the same, and a method for separating 1,3-butadiene.
- Activated carbon is a typical example. Activated carbon is widely used in various industries such as air purification, desulfurization, denitration, and removal of harmful substances by utilizing its excellent adsorption performance. In recent years, the demand for nitrogen gas has increased for applications such as semiconductor manufacturing processes. As a method for producing such nitrogen, nitrogen is produced from air using molecular sieve charcoal by pressure swing adsorption method or temperature swing adsorption method. The method is used. Molecular sieve charcoal is also applied to various gas separation and purification such as hydrogen purification from methanol cracked gas.
- 1,3-butadiene is a useful compound as a starting material for the production of synthetic rubber and as an intermediate for a large number of compounds.
- 1,3-butadiene is generally produced by naphtha pyrolysis or butene dehydrogenation. In these production methods, 1,3-butadiene is obtained as one component of the mixed gas. Therefore, it is necessary to selectively separate and recover 1,3-butadiene from this mixed gas.
- the main component having 4 carbon atoms in the mixed gas include 1,3-butadiene, isobutene, 1-butene, trans- and cis-2-butene, n-butane, and isobutane. Since they have the same carbon number and close boiling points, they are difficult to separate by a distillation method adopted industrially.
- Extractive distillation is one of the other separation methods. Since this method is an absorption method using a polar solvent such as DMF, a very large amount of energy is used to recover 1,3-butadiene from the polar solvent. Therefore, separation by an adsorption method is desired as a method for separating and recovering 1,3-butadiene with more energy saving.
- a polar solvent such as DMF
- Patent Document 1 since the conventional porous material (Patent Document 1) has low target gas separation performance, it has to be separated in multiple stages, and upsizing of the separation apparatus is inevitable.
- Non-Patent Document 1 As an adsorbent that gives separation performance superior to that of conventional porous materials, porous metal complexes in which a dynamic structural change is caused by an external stimulus have been developed (Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).
- Non-Patent Document 2 When the porous materials described therein are used as gas adsorbents, a unique phenomenon has been observed in which gas adsorption does not occur up to a certain pressure, but gas adsorption begins when a certain pressure is exceeded. In addition, a phenomenon has been observed in which the adsorption start pressure varies depending on the type of gas.
- this porous material When this porous material is applied to an adsorbent in, for example, a pressure swing adsorption type gas separation device, very efficient gas separation is possible.
- the pressure swing width can be narrowed, contributing to energy saving.
- it since it can contribute to miniaturization of the gas separation device, it is possible to increase cost competitiveness when selling high-purity gas as a product, of course, even when high-purity gas is used inside its own factory Since the cost required for the equipment that requires high purity gas can be reduced, the manufacturing cost of the final product can be reduced.
- these disclosures do not mention at all the effect of mixing plural kinds of bidentate dipyridyl compounds on adsorption performance and separation performance.
- Patent Document 3 As a study to change the adsorption initiation pressure by mixing a plurality of ligands, a metal complex composed of zinc ions, various isophthalic acid derivatives and 4,4′-bipyridyl has been disclosed (Patent Document 3 and Non-Patent Document). 7). However, these disclosures do not mention at all the effect of mixing plural kinds of bidentate dipyridyl compounds on adsorption performance and separation performance.
- Lu-Fang Ma Xiu-Qin Li, Qing-Lei Meng, Li-Ya Wang, Miao Du, and Hong-Wei Hou, Crystal Growth and Design, Vol. 11, pages 175-184 (2011) Susan A. Bourne, Jiangjiang Lu, Brian Multon, and Michael J. Zawortko, Chemical Communications, pages 861-862 (2001) Lu-Fang Ma, Li-Ya Wang, Jiang-Liang Hu, Yao-Yu Wang, and Guo-Ping Yang, Crystal Growth and Design, Vol. 9, pages 5334-5342 (2009) Satoshi Horike, Yasutaka Inubushi, Takashi Hori, Tomohiro Fukushima, and Susumu Kitagawa, Chemical Science, Vol. 3, pages 116-120 (2012)
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gas adsorbent having a larger effective adsorption amount than the conventional one, or a metal complex that can be used as a gas separator having a superior mixed gas separation performance than the conventional one, particularly 1,3-butadiene and 1, Separation material and separation superior to conventional ones that can selectively separate and recover 1,3-butadiene from a mixed gas containing hydrocarbons having 4 carbon atoms other than 3-butadiene (eg, butane, butene) It is to provide a method.
- the present inventors have found that a metal complex comprising a metal ion, a dicarboxylic acid compound (I) and an organic ligand (II) capable of bidentate coordination, wherein the organic ligand (II) is It has been found that the above object can be achieved when it is composed of two or more kinds of dipyridyl compounds (II), and has led to the present invention. That is, the present invention relates to the following [1] to [15].
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.
- Z in the general formula (II) is —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) Or a hydroxyl group), an alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, —CH ⁇ CH—, —SS—, or —NHCO—.
- Metal complex is —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) Or a hydroxyl group), an alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, —CH ⁇ CH—, —SS—, or —NHCO—
- dipyridyl compound (II) is 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethane, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2- Di (4-pyridyl) ethylene glycol, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 4,4′-dipyridyl disulfide, or 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,3-di (4-
- the metal complex according to either [1] or [2], which is any one of (pyridyl) propane.
- the adsorbent is carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, hydrocarbon having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, rare gas, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, siloxane, water vapor or
- the adsorbent according to [6] which is an adsorbent for adsorbing organic vapor.
- [8] [1] A separating material comprising the metal complex according to any one of [5].
- the separation material selectively separates 1,3-butadiene from a mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene and a hydrocarbon having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene. Separation material as described.
- the hydrocarbon having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-butene, isobutene, trans-2-butene, cis-2 butene, isobutane, and n-butane. 9].
- the separating material is carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, hydrocarbon having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, rare gas, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, siloxane, water vapor or The separating material according to [8], which is a separating material for separating organic vapor.
- a separation membrane comprising a porous support and the separation material according to any one of [8] to [11] attached to a surface layer portion of the porous support.
- a separation membrane comprising a polymer material and the separation material according to any one of [8] to [11] kneaded and dispersed in the polymer material.
- At least one metal selected from the group consisting of beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, zinc, and cadmium
- the method for producing a metal complex according to [1], comprising reacting a salt, the dicarboxylic acid compound (I), and two or more kinds of the dipyridyl compounds (II) to precipitate a metal complex. And a wet grinding during the reaction.
- the separation material is the separation material according to any one of [8] to [10].
- 1,3-butadiene can be separated and recovered from a mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene with higher separation performance than before.
- 2 is an adsorption isotherm at 25 ° C. of the metal complexes of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 with respect to 1,3-butadiene.
- 2 is an adsorption isotherm at 25 ° C. of the metal complexes of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 3 with respect to 1,3-butadiene.
- 2 is an adsorption isotherm at 25 ° C.
- FIG. 2 is an adsorption / desorption isotherm of 1,3-butadiene, trans-2-butene and 1-butene at 25 ° C. for the metal complex of Example 2.
- FIG. FIG. 4 is an adsorption / desorption isotherm of 1,3-butadiene, trans-2-butene, and 1-butene at 25 ° C. for the zeolite that is the separation material of Comparative Example 4.
- FIG. 2 is an adsorption / desorption isotherm of 1,3-butadiene, isobutene and isobutane at 25 ° C. of the metal complex of Example 5.
- FIG. 6 is an adsorption / desorption isotherm of 1,3-butadiene, isobutene, and isobutane at 25 ° C. for the zeolite that is the separation material of Comparative Example 5.
- FIG. 2 shows adsorption and desorption isotherms of 1,3-butadiene at 0 ° C. and 40 ° C. for the metal complex of Example 4.
- FIG. 3 shows adsorption and desorption isotherms of 1,3-butadiene at 0 ° C. and 40 ° C. for zeolite as a separation material of Comparative Example 4.
- the metal complex of the present invention comprises a dicarboxylic acid compound (I), a specific metal ion, and an organic ligand (II) capable of bidentate coordination with the metal ion. It is characterized by being two or more different dipyridyl compounds (II).
- the metal complex of the present invention can selectively adsorb and / or desorb a specific substance under certain conditions (pressure, temperature), it can be used as an adsorbent, a separation material, and the like.
- the adsorbent containing the metal complex of the present invention includes, for example, carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, hydrocarbon having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, rare gas, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sulfur oxide, nitrogen It can be used to adsorb oxides, siloxanes, water vapor or organic vapors.
- the separator containing the metal complex of the present invention selectively separates 1,3-butadiene from a mixed gas containing, for example, 1,3-butadiene and a hydrocarbon having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene.
- a mixed gas containing, for example, 1,3-butadiene and a hydrocarbon having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene.
- the hydrocarbon having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene should be at least one selected from the group consisting of 1-butene, isobutene, trans-2-butene, cis-2 butene, isobutane, and n-butane. it can.
- the separation material containing the metal complex of the present invention is carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide, oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, hydrocarbon having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, rare gas, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, sulfur oxide, It can also be used to separate nitrogen oxides, siloxanes, water vapor or organic vapors.
- the metal complex of the present invention comprises dicarboxylic acid compound (I), beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, zinc And a salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium and two or more kinds of dipyridyl compounds (II) capable of bidentate coordination with the metal ion are reacted in a solvent for several minutes to several days. It can be produced by precipitating crystals.
- dicarboxylic acid compound (I) beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, zinc
- the dicarboxylic acid compound (I) used in the present invention has the following general formula (I): (In the formula, X is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, and when X is a carbon atom, Y is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogen atom.
- X in the general formula (I) is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom.
- Y does not exist.
- Y is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a formyl group , An acyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a nitro group, a cyano group, an amino group, a monoalkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a dialkyl having 2 to 4 carbon atoms An amino group, an acylamino group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a sulfo group (—SO 3 H), a sulfonate group (such as —SO 3 Na), or a halogen atom.
- alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms examples include linear or branched alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, and tert-butyl group. It is done.
- alkyl group may have include an alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, tert-butoxy group, etc.), Amino group, monoalkylamino group (such as methylamino group), dialkylamino group (such as dimethylamino group), formyl group, epoxy group, acyloxy group (acetoxy group, n-propanoyloxy group, n-butanoyloxy group, Pivaloyloxy group, benzoyloxy group, etc.), alkoxycarbonyl group (methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, n-butoxycarbonyl group, etc.), carboxylic acid anhydride group (—CO—O—CO—R group) (R is carbon number) 1 to 4 alkyl groups).
- the alkyl group has a substituent, the number of substituents is
- alkenyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms examples include a vinyl group, an allyl group, a 1-propenyl group, and a butenyl group.
- alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms examples include methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group and tert-butoxy group.
- acyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms examples include an acetoxy group, an n-propanoyloxy group, an n-butanoyloxy group, a pivaloyloxy group, and a benzoyloxy group.
- alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms examples include a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, and an n-butoxycarbonyl group.
- An example of a monoalkylamino group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is a methylamino group.
- Examples of the dialkylamino group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms include a dimethylamino group.
- Examples of the acylamino group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms include an acetylamino group.
- Halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- sulfonate group examples include a lithium sulfonate group, a sodium sulfonate group, and a potassium sulfonate group.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 in formula (I) are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, or a halogen atom.
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 may be the same or different.
- alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of R 1 , R 2 and R 3 examples include straight groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group and tert-butyl group. Examples include an alkyl group having a chain or a branch.
- alkyl group may have include an alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, tert-butoxy group, etc.), Amino group, monoalkylamino group (such as methylamino group), dialkylamino group (such as dimethylamino group), formyl group, epoxy group, acyloxy group (acetoxy group, n-propanoyloxy group, n-butanoyloxy group, Pivaloyloxy group, benzoyloxy group, etc.), alkoxycarbonyl group (methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, n-butoxycarbonyl group, etc.), carboxylic acid anhydride group (—CO—O—CO—R group) (R is carbon number) 1 to 4 alkyl groups).
- the alkyl group has a substituent, the number of substituents is
- Halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.
- the dicarboxylic acid compound (I) includes 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are preferably each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom.
- Y is preferably a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a nitro group, or a sulfonate group.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may have a substituent is preferably a methyl group or a tert-butyl group.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferably a methoxy group.
- R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are hydrogen atoms
- X is a carbon atom
- Y is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a tert-butyl group, a methoxy group, a nitro group
- Dicarboxylic acids that are either groups or sulfonate groups are preferred.
- isophthalic acid, 5-methylisophthalic acid, 5-tert-butylisophthalic acid, 5-methoxyisophthalic acid, 5-nitroisophthalic acid, sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate, and lithium 5-sulfoisophthalate are preferable.
- Isophthalic acid, 5-methylisophthalic acid, and 5-nitroisophthalic acid are more preferable, and 5-nitroisophthalic acid is most preferable from the viewpoint of the separating material. Two or more isophthalic acids may be used.
- Metal ions constituting the metal complex used in the separation material of the present invention are beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, It is an ion of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zinc and cadmium.
- cobalt ions, nickel ions, and zinc ions are preferable, and zinc ions are more preferable.
- the metal salt, hydroxide or oxide can be used as a metal raw material.
- a single metal material is preferably used as the metal material, but two or more metal materials may be mixed and used.
- these metal salts organic acid salts such as acetate and formate, and inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, nitrate and carbonate can be used.
- hydroxides and oxides are preferable, and oxides are more preferable.
- the dipyridyl compound (II) used in the present invention is an organic ligand capable of bidentate coordination with a metal ion, and is represented by the following general formula (II).
- LZL (II) (Where L is R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom, Z is —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or Any one of halogen atoms), an alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —SS—, —N ⁇ N—, —O—CH 2 —, — Either NH—CH 2 — or —NH
- R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 constituting L are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the halogen atom include those described for the dicarboxylic acid compound (I).
- R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in terms of gas adsorption amount, and all of R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are hydrogen. More preferably it is an atom.
- Z is —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or a halogen atom) Any one atom), an alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, —CH ⁇ CH—, —C ⁇ C—, —SS—, —N ⁇ N—, —O—CH 2 —, —NH Either —CH 2 — or —NHCO—.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and the halogen atom include those described for the dicarboxylic acid compound (I).
- Examples of the alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms include 1,3-propylene group, 1,4-butylene group, 2-methyl-1,3-propylene group and the like.
- Z is —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 1 to 4 from the viewpoint of ease of taking a pseudo-diamond structure. And an alkylene group having 3 to 4 carbon atoms, —CH ⁇ CH—, —SS—, or —NHCO— is preferable. .
- —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 are all hydrogen atoms), —CR 8 R 9 —CR 10 R 11 — (wherein R 8 and R 10 are hydrogen atoms, R 9 and R 11 are hydroxy groups), 1,3-propylene group, —CH ⁇ CH—, —SS— and —NHCO— are more preferable.
- dipyridyl compound (II) 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethane, and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) are preferable from the viewpoint of easy formation of a pseudo-diamond structure.
- Ethylene glycol, 1,3-di (4-pyridyl) propane, 4,4′-dipyridyl disulfide, and N- (4-pyridyl) isonicothamide are preferred.
- the present invention is characterized in that a metal complex is constituted by combining two or more dipyridyl compounds (II).
- a metal complex is constituted by combining two or more dipyridyl compounds (II).
- dipyridyl compounds (II) include 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethane, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2- Di (4-pyridyl) ethylene glycol, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 4,4'-dipyridyl disulfide, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and N- (4-pyridyl) isonicoti Amides and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,3-di (4-pyridyl) propane are preferred.
- 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethane 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di ( 4-pyridyl) ethylene glycol, 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 4,4'-dipyridyl disulfide, and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,3-di (4-pyridyl)
- propane is more preferred. Even more preferred is a combination of 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethane.
- the ratio of 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethane is 1,2-di (4- (4)) with respect to the total amount (in moles) of dipyridyl compound (II).
- the proportion of pyridyl) ethane is preferably 5 to 90 mol%. More preferably, it is 40 to 80 mol%.
- the ratio of 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene glycol is 1,2-di (4) with respect to the total amount (in moles) of dipyridyl compound (II).
- the proportion of -pyridyl) ethylene glycol is preferably 5 to 40 mol%. More preferably, it is 10 to 30 mol%.
- the ratio of 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene to 4,4′-dipyridyl disulfide is such that the ratio of 4,4′-dipyridyl disulfide is 5 to 4 with respect to the total amount (number of moles) of dipyridyl compound (II). It is preferable that it is 40 mol%. From the viewpoint of adsorption performance, it is more preferably 10 to 30 mol%.
- the ratio of 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene and 1,3-di (4-pyridyl) propane is 1,3-di (4- (4) with respect to the total amount (mole number) of dipyridyl compound (II).
- the proportion of pyridyl) propane is preferably 5 to 40 mol%. From the viewpoint of adsorption performance, it is more preferably 10 to 30 mol%.
- the metal complex of the present invention comprises dicarboxylic acid compound (I), beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, zinc And a salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of cadmium and two or more dipyridyl compounds (II) capable of bidentate coordination with ions of the metal in a solvent under normal pressure for several minutes to several It can be produced by reacting for a day to precipitate crystals.
- dicarboxylic acid compound (I) beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, copper, zinc
- an aqueous solution of the metal salt or an organic solvent solution containing water and an organic solvent solution containing dicarboxylic acid compound (I) and two or more dipyridyl compounds (II) are mixed and reacted under normal pressure.
- the metal complex of the present invention can be obtained.
- a method using a wet grinder As an example of the manufacturing method, there is a method using a wet grinder.
- a dicarboxylic acid compound (I), a metal salt, two or more kinds of dipyridyl compounds (II), a solvent, and a ball for grinding are charged into the apparatus, and the reaction can be performed while performing a grinding operation.
- Examples of the apparatus used for wet grinding include a pulverizer such as a ball mill and a rod mill, and a kneader such as a kneader.
- a pulverizer such as a ball mill and a rod mill
- a kneader such as a kneader.
- the ratio of the said dipyridyl compound (II) is with respect to the total amount of 2 or more types of dipyridyl compounds (II), and the following is also the same.
- the molar concentration of the dicarboxylic acid compound (I) in the solution for producing the metal complex is preferably 0.005 to 5.0 mol / L, and more preferably 0.01 to 2.0 mol / L. Even if the reaction is performed at a concentration lower than this, the desired metal complex can be obtained, but this is not preferable because the yield decreases. Further, at a concentration higher than this, the solubility is lowered and the reaction may not proceed smoothly.
- the molar concentration of the metal salt in the solution for producing the metal complex is preferably 0.005 to 5.0 mol / L, and more preferably 0.01 to 2.0 mol / L. Even if the reaction is performed at a concentration lower than this, the desired metal complex can be obtained, but this is not preferable because the yield decreases. Further, at a concentration higher than this, unreacted metal salt remains, and purification of the obtained metal complex may be difficult.
- the molar concentration of the dipyridyl compound (II) in the solution for producing the metal complex is preferably 0.001 to 5.0 mol / L, more preferably 0.005 to 2.0 mol / L. Even if the reaction is performed at a concentration lower than this, the desired metal complex can be obtained, but this is not preferable because the yield decreases. Further, at a concentration higher than this, the solubility is lowered and the reaction may not proceed smoothly.
- an organic solvent As the solvent used for the production of the metal complex, an organic solvent, water, or a mixed solvent thereof can be used. Specifically, methanol, ethanol, propanol, diethyl ether, dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, methylene chloride, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide Water or a mixed solvent thereof can be used.
- a mixed solvent a mixed solvent of 1 to 80% by mass of water and an organic solvent is preferable.
- aprotic polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, acetone, acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-diethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide and the like are preferable.
- water alone and a mixed solvent of N, N-dimethylformamide and water are particularly preferable.
- An acid or base may be added to the solvent to adjust to a pH suitable for complex formation.
- the concentration of water in the mixed solvent is preferably 1 to 80% by mass, more preferably 3 to 60% by mass, and most preferably 5 to 55% by mass from the viewpoint of the particle size of the metal complex to be formed.
- the reaction temperature is preferably ⁇ 20 to 150 ° C., more preferably 50 to 130 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 to 24 hours, more preferably 2 to 10 hours.
- the reaction temperature may be 10 to 30 ° C.
- the reaction time can also be shortened from 10 minutes to 2 hours.
- the completion of the reaction can be confirmed by quantifying the remaining amount of the raw material by gas chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography. After completion of the reaction, the resulting mixed solution is subjected to suction filtration to collect a precipitate. After washing with an organic solvent, the metal complex of the present invention can be obtained by, for example, vacuum drying at 60 to 100 ° C. for several hours. it can.
- a metal complex having high crystallinity has high purity and excellent adsorption performance. In order to increase the crystallinity, an appropriate pH may be adjusted using an acid or a base.
- the metal complex of the present invention obtained as described above is a pseudo diamond skeleton formed by coordination of two dicarboxylic acid compound (I) carboxylate ions and two dipyridyl compounds (II) per metal ion.
- FIG. 1 shows the structure of the pseudo diamond skeleton
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure in which the pseudo diamond skeleton interpenetrates three times.
- the metal complex preferably has a structure in which a pseudo diamond skeleton is triple interpenetrated.
- the “pseudo diamond skeleton” is similar to a diamond structure formed by coordination of two dicarboxylic acid compound (I) carboxylate ions and two dipyridyl compounds (II) per metal ion. It is defined as a three-dimensional structure.
- a structure in which a pseudo-diamond skeleton is interpenetrated multiple times is defined as a three-dimensional integrated structure in which a plurality of pseudo-diamond skeletons penetrate each other so as to fill the pores.
- the fact that the metal complex has “a structure in which pseudo diamond skeletons are interpenetrated multiple times” can be confirmed by, for example, crystal X-ray structure analysis, powder X-ray structure analysis, or the like.
- the three-dimensional structure of the metal complex of the present invention can be changed even after synthesis. As the three-dimensional structure of the metal complex changes, the structure and size of the pores also change. This change in structure is presumed to depend on the type of adsorbed substance, the adsorption pressure, the adsorption temperature, and the like. In other words, in addition to the difference in the interaction between the pore surface and the adsorbed substance (the strength of the interaction is proportional to the magnitude of the Lennard-Jones potential of the substance), the degree of structural change varies depending on the adsorbed substance.
- the metal complex of the present invention is considered to exhibit high selectivity. After the adsorbed substance is desorbed, it returns to the original structure, so it is considered that the pore structure also returns.
- the adsorption start pressure can be controlled. More specifically, for the base metal complex (when one kind of dipyridyl compound is used as an organic ligand capable of bidentate coordination), the organic ligand (“ By adsorbing an organic ligand (referred to as “dipyridyl compound B”) having a greater steric hindrance than that of dipyridyl compound A ”), the interaction between the pseudo-diamond skeletons is weakened, and the target substance is adsorbed. The starting pressure can be lowered. Thus, by synthesizing two or more kinds of dipyridyl compounds having different sizes, the gas adsorption start pressure can be reduced and only the target gas can be selectively adsorbed.
- the adsorption mechanism is estimated, even if it does not follow the mechanism, it is included in the technical scope of the present invention as long as it satisfies the requirements defined in the present invention.
- ⁇ Method for separating 1,3-butadiene> In the method for separating 1,3-butadiene from a mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene and a hydrocarbon having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene according to the present invention, 1,3-butadiene as a separation target is separated.
- the mixed gas containing is brought into contact with the separation material of the present invention, 1,3-butadiene is selectively adsorbed on the separation material, and then the 1,3-butadiene adsorbed on the separation material is desorbed from the separation material.
- the desorbed 1,3-butadiene is collected.
- the separating material is regenerated by desorption of 1,3-butadiene.
- the hydrocarbon gas having 4 carbon atoms other than 1,3-butadiene contained in the mixed gas is not particularly limited.
- isobutene, 1-butene When separating 1,3-butadiene from a mixed gas containing hydrocarbons having 4 carbon atoms such as butane such as trans- and cis-2-butene, butane such as n-butane and isobutane as other gases, the present invention
- the separating material is particularly effective.
- the separation method includes an adsorption step in which the mixed gas and the separation material of the present invention are brought into contact under conditions where 1,3-butadiene is adsorbed on the separation material.
- the adsorption pressure and adsorption temperature which are conditions under which 1,3-butadiene can be adsorbed on the separation material, can be appropriately set according to the design of the apparatus, the purity required for the product gas, and the like.
- the 1,3-butadiene partial pressure in the mixed gas introduced in the adsorption step is preferably 10 to 200 kPa, more preferably 30 to 200 kPa.
- the adsorption temperature is preferably ⁇ 5 to 100 ° C., more preferably 0 to 50 ° C.
- the separation method can be a pressure swing adsorption method or a temperature swing adsorption method.
- the separation method is a pressure swing adsorption method
- a mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene is brought into contact with the separation material, and only the target 1,3-butadiene is selectively adsorbed on the separation material (adsorption process).
- a step (regeneration step) of reducing the pressure to a pressure at which 1,3-butadiene adsorbed from the adsorption pressure can be desorbed from the separation material is included.
- the desorption pressure can be appropriately set according to the design of the apparatus, the production efficiency, and the like.
- the desorption pressure is preferably 0.05 to 30 kPa, more preferably 0.05 to 10 kPa.
- the pressure swing adsorption method when the target gas is 1,3-butadiene will be specifically described with reference to FIG.
- the separation towers of the present invention are packed in the adsorption towers AC1 and AC2.
- a mixed gas (M) containing 1,3-butadiene, butene, butane and the like is pressurized from the mixed gas storage tank MS to about 0.3 MPa by a compressor and passes through a valve V1 (hereinafter abbreviated as “V1”, the same applies hereinafter). It is supplied to the adsorption tower AC1 filled with the separation material.
- V1 valve
- the gas (BD) mainly composed of 1,3-butadiene adsorbed on the separation material of the adsorption tower AC1 is desorbed and sent to the product storage tank PS1 (desorption process). .
- the adsorption step is completed for the adsorption tower AC2.
- the adsorption is performed using the pressure difference between the adsorption tower AC1 and the adsorption tower AC2 by closing V1, V2, V3, V4, V7 and V8, and opening V5 and V6.
- the residual mixed gas in the column AC2 is recovered to the adsorption column AC1 (pressure equalizing step).
- each product gas can be obtained efficiently without reducing the purity.
- the adsorption tower AC2 is sucked by the vacuum pump P1 with V2, V3, V5, V6 and V8 closed and V4 opened, and the gas mainly composed of 1,3-butadiene adsorbed at this time. (BD) is desorbed and sent to the product storage tank PS1.
- the adsorption column AC1 is supplied with a mixed gas (M) containing 1,3-butadiene while V2, V3, V5, V6 and V8 are closed and V1 and V7 are open, and the adsorption step is performed again. .
- M mixed gas
- the adsorption and desorption operations are alternately repeated in a cycle appropriately set by a timer or the like, and each product gas is continuously produced.
- the separation method is a temperature swing adsorption method
- a mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene is brought into contact with the separation material, and only the target 1,3-butadiene is selectively adsorbed on the separation material (adsorption process).
- the method includes a step (regeneration step) of raising the temperature from the adsorption temperature to a temperature at which 1,3-butadiene adsorbed can be desorbed from the separation material.
- the desorption temperature can be appropriately set according to the design of the apparatus, production efficiency, and the like.
- the desorption temperature is preferably ⁇ 5 to 150 ° C., more preferably 20 to 100 ° C.
- the pressure depends on the temperature range to be swung, and is preferably 0.1 MPa or more and less than the pressure at which the source gas is liquefied.
- the separation method is a pressure swing adsorption method or a temperature swing adsorption method
- the step of bringing the mixed gas into contact with the separation material adsorption step
- the changing step can be repeated as appropriate.
- Membrane separation is also exemplified as a separation method other than the above.
- the separation membrane can be obtained by attaching the metal complex to the surface layer portion of the porous support by, for example, crystal growth.
- a material for the porous support for example, silica, such as alumina, silica, mullite, cordierite or the like, a composition comprising alumina and other components, a porous sintered metal, porous glass, and the like can be suitably used.
- oxides such as zirconia and magnesia
- ceramics such as carbide or nitride such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride, gypsum, cement, or a mixture thereof can be used.
- the porosity of the porous support is usually about 30 to 80%, preferably 35 to 70%, and most preferably 40 to 60%. When the porosity is too small, the permeability of a fluid such as gas is lowered, which is not preferable. When the porosity is too large, the strength of the support is decreased, which is not preferable.
- the pore diameter of the porous support is usually 10 to 10,000 nm, preferably 100 to 10,000 nm.
- a separation membrane obtained by crystal growth of the metal complex on the surface layer of the porous support is obtained by impregnating the porous support in a solution containing the metal complex raw material and heating as necessary.
- the separation membrane can also be obtained by kneading the metal complex of the present invention with a polymer material, dispersing it in the polymer material, and molding it into a film.
- the polymer material include polymer materials for gas separation membranes such as polyvinyl acetate polyimide and polydimethylsiloxane.
- the permeability P of each gas in the mixed gas is the solubility S of each gas in the membrane and the diffusion coefficient D in the membrane. It is represented by the product of Since a gas having a higher transmittance P selectively permeates the membrane, such a gas can be separated and recovered from the mixed gas. Therefore, by forming a film of the metal complex of the present invention, which has a high selectivity for 1,3-butadiene, it is possible to obtain a film that allows permeation of 1,3-butadiene.
- 1,3-butadiene when a mixed gas is vented to a double pipe inner pipe having a gas impermeable outer pipe and an inner pipe made of a separation membrane, 1,3-butadiene selectively permeates the inner pipe, Since it is concentrated between the inner tube and the inner tube, the target 1,3-butadiene can be separated by collecting this gas.
- the ratio of 1,3-butadiene in the mixed gas to be separated can take various values, but this ratio greatly depends on the supply source of the mixed gas.
- the mixed gas contains at least hydrocarbons such as butene such as isobutene, 1-butene, trans- and cis-2-butene, butane such as n-butane and isobutane, and other carbons. Hydrogen may be included.
- the mixed gas is preferably 10 to 99% by volume of 1,3-butadiene with respect to the total volume ratio of 1,3-butadiene and other hydrocarbons (which may be plural types) in the mixed gas. Including. More preferably, the proportion of 1,3-butadiene is 20 to 60% by volume.
- the separation material of the present invention can be applied to separation of a C4 fraction (C4 fraction) obtained by naphtha decomposition.
- a mixed gas containing about 40% by volume of 1,3-butadiene is pressurized to 150 kPa or more and then circulated through the adsorption tower packed with the separation material of the present invention for 1 to 10 minutes. Thereafter, after a pressure equalization step, the pressure is reduced to 20 kPa or less with a vacuum pump, and 1,3-butadiene adsorbed on the separation material can be recovered.
- Example 1 Synthesis of [Zn (NO 2 ip) (bpe) 0.95 (bpa) 0.05 ]: In a zirconia container (45 mL), zinc oxide (0.41 g, 5.0 mmol, 1 eq.), 5-nitroisophthalic acid (1.07 g, 5.0 mmol, 1.0 eq.), 1,2-di (4 -Pyridyl) ethane (0.05 g, 0.03 mmol, 0.05 eq.), 1,2-di (4-pyridyl) ethylene (0.87 g, 0.48 mmol, 0.95 eq.), Distilled water (5 mL) , And zirconia balls (3 mm ⁇ , 25 g) were added, and wet grinding (using Fritsch Classic Line P-7) was performed while reacting at room temperature (25 ° C.) and 400 rpm for 1 hour.
- Metal Complex 1 a metal complex having a structure in which the pseudo diamond skeleton shown in FIGS. This is designated as “Metal Complex 1”.
- Comparative Example 1 Metal complexes 2 to 10 and comparative metal complex 1 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the materials and amounts shown in Table 1 were used as reaction raw materials.
- the comparative metal complex 1 uses only one type of dipyridyl compound (II).
- ⁇ Adsorption isotherm> The adsorption isotherms of 1,3-butadiene at 25 ° C. were measured for the metal complexes of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The results are shown in FIGS.
- the metal complexes of Examples 1 to 10 containing two kinds of dipyridyl compounds start to adsorb 1,3-butadiene from a lower pressure than the complexes of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Therefore, it is clear that the complex of the present invention is excellent as an adsorbent for 1,3-butadiene.
- FIG. 7 shows that the metal complex 2 of the present invention selectively adsorbs 1,3-butadiene in the pressure range of 30 to 100 kPa. Therefore, when a mixed gas composed of 1,3-butadiene, trans-2-butene and 1-butene is brought into contact with the metal complex 2 and a mixed gas having a partial pressure of 1,3-butadiene of 40 kPa or more is supplied, Only butadiene is adsorbed and concentrated. Next, when the supply of the mixed gas is stopped and the pressure is lowered to 20 kPa or less, 1,3-butadiene is desorbed, so that a gas enriched with 1,3-butadiene can be obtained. On the other hand, in FIG.
- the selective adsorption of 1,3-butadiene is inferior in the pressure range of 0 to 110 kPa. That is, trans-2-butene and 1-butene are also adsorbed in addition to 1,3-butadiene, and only 1,3-butadiene cannot be sufficiently concentrated.
- FIG. 9 shows that the metal complex 5 of the present invention selectively adsorbs 1,3-butadiene in the pressure range of 10 to 100 kPa. Therefore, when a mixed gas composed of 1,3-butadiene, isobutene and isobutane is brought into contact with the metal complex 5 and a mixed gas having a partial pressure of 1,3-butadiene of 10 kPa or more is supplied, only 1,3-butadiene is adsorbed, Concentrated. Next, when the supply of the mixed gas is stopped and the pressure is lowered to 5 kPa or less, 1,3-butadiene is desorbed, so that a gas enriched with 1,3-butadiene can be obtained. On the other hand, in FIG.
- the selective adsorptivity of 1,3-butadiene is inferior in the pressure range of 0 to 110 kPa. That is, isobutene and isobutane are adsorbed in addition to 1,3-butadiene, and only 1,3-butadiene cannot be sufficiently concentrated.
- SV space velocity
- the 1,3-butadiene concentration was 64% by volume.
- the 1,3-butadiene productivity per kilogram of the separating material calculated from this was 46 L / hour.
- SV space velocity
- the adsorption amount of the metal complex 4 of the present invention is greatly reduced. Accordingly, the mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene is brought into contact with the metal complex 4 at 0 ° C. to selectively adsorb 1,3-butadiene, and then the supply of the mixed gas is stopped, and the temperature of the system is brought to 40 ° C. When it is raised, 1,3-butadiene is desorbed, so that a gas enriched with 1,3-butadiene can be obtained. On the other hand, in the zeolite of FIG. 12, there is no significant difference in the amount of adsorption between 0 ° C. and 40 ° C.
- the complex of the present invention is excellent as a 1,3-butadiene separator.
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Abstract
Description
下記一般式(I):
ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、亜鉛、およびカドミウムからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の金属のイオンと;
下記一般式(II):
L-Z-L (II)
(式中、Lは
Zは、-CR8R9-CR10R11-(式中、R8、R9、R10およびR11はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ヒドロキシ基、またはハロゲン原子のいずれかである)、炭素数3~4のアルキレン基、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-S-S-、-N=N-、-O-CH2-、-NH-CH2-または-NHCO-のいずれかである。)で表されるジピリジル化合物(II)からなる金属錯体であって、
前記ジピリジル化合物(II)として異なる二種以上のジピリジル化合物(II)を含むことを特徴とする金属錯体。
[2]
前記一般式(II)におけるZが-CR8R9-CR10R11-(式中、R8、R9、R10およびR11はそれぞれ独立に水素原子、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ヒドロキシ基、またはハロゲン原子のいずれかである)、炭素数3~4のアルキレン基、-CH=CH-、-S-S-、または-NHCO-のいずれかである[1]に記載の金属錯体。
[3]
前記ジピリジル化合物(II)の組み合わせが、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エタン、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレングリコール、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと4,4’-ジピリジルジスルフィド、または1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと1,3-ジ(4-ピリジル)プロパンのいずれかである、[1]または[2]のいずれかに記載の金属錯体。
[4]
前記ジカルボン酸化合物(I)が、イソフタル酸、5-メチルイソフタル酸および5-ニトロイソフタル酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の金属錯体。
[5]
前記金属イオンがコバルトイオン、ニッケルイオンおよび亜鉛イオンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の金属錯体。
[6]
[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の金属錯体を含む吸着材。
[7]
前記吸着材が、二酸化炭素、水素ガス、一酸化炭素、酸素ガス、窒素ガス、炭素数1~5の炭化水素、希ガス、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン、水蒸気または有機蒸気を吸着するための吸着材である[6]に記載の吸着材。
[8]
[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の金属錯体を含む分離材。
[9]
前記分離材が、1,3-ブタジエンおよび1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素を含む混合ガスの中から、1,3-ブタジエンを選択的に分離するものである[8]に記載の分離材。
[10]
前記1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素が1-ブテン、イソブテン、trans-2-ブテン、cis-2ブテン、イソブタン、およびn-ブタンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である[9]に記載の分離材。
[11]
前記分離材が、二酸化炭素、水素ガス、一酸化炭素、酸素ガス、窒素ガス、炭素数1~5の炭化水素、希ガス、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン、水蒸気または有機蒸気を分離するための分離材である[8]に記載の分離材。
[12]
多孔質支持体と、前記多孔質支持体の表層部に付着した[8]~[11]のいずれかに記載の分離材を含む分離膜。
[13]
高分子材料と、前記高分子材料に混練分散された[8]~[11]のいずれかに記載の分離材を含む分離膜。
[14]
ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、亜鉛、およびカドミウムからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の金属の塩と、前記ジカルボン酸化合物(I)と、二種以上の前記ジピリジル化合物(II)とを反応させて、金属錯体を析出させることを含む、[1]に記載の金属錯体の製造方法であって、前記反応中に湿式摩砕を行うことを特徴とする、製造方法。
[15]
1,3-ブタジエンおよび1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素を含む混合ガスを分離材と接触させ、1,3-ブタジエンを前記分離材に選択的に吸着させる吸着工程と、その後、前記分離材に吸着された1,3-ブタジエンを前記分離材から脱着させて、脱離してくる1,3-ブタジエンを捕集する再生工程とを含む、混合ガスから1,3-ブタジエンを分離する方法において、前記分離材が[8]~[10]のいずれか一項に記載の分離材であることを特徴とする1,3-ブタジエンの分離方法。
本発明の金属錯体は、ジカルボン酸化合物(I)と、特定の金属イオンと、該金属イオンに二座配位可能な有機配位子(II)とからなり、有機配位子(II)が異なる二種類以上のジピリジル化合物(II)であることを特徴とする。
本発明に用いられるジカルボン酸化合物(I)は下記一般式(I):
本発明の分離材に用いられる金属錯体を構成する金属イオンはベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、亜鉛、およびカドミウムからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の金属のイオンである。これらの中でも錯体形成の観点からコバルトイオン、ニッケルイオンおよび亜鉛イオンが好ましく、亜鉛イオンがより好ましい。
本発明に用いられるジピリジル化合物(II)は金属イオンに二座配位可能な有機配位子であり、下記一般式(II)で表される。
L-Z-L (II)
(式中、Lは
Zは、-CR8R9-CR10R11-(式中、R8、R9、R10およびR11はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ヒドロキシ基、またはハロゲン原子のいずれかである)、炭素数3~4のアルキレン基、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-S-S-、-N=N-、-O-CH2-、-NH-CH2-または-NHCO-のいずれかである。)
本発明の金属錯体は、ジカルボン酸化合物(I)と、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、亜鉛、およびカドミウムからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の金属の塩と、該金属のイオンに二座配位可能な二種以上のジピリジル化合物(II)とを、常圧下、溶媒中で数分から数日間反応させ、結晶を析出させて製造することができる。例えば、前記金属塩の水溶液または水を含む有機溶媒溶液と、ジカルボン酸化合物(I)および二種以上のジピリジル化合物(II)を含有する有機溶媒溶液とを、常圧下で混合して反応させることにより本発明の金属錯体を得ることができる。
以上のようにして得られる本発明の金属錯体は、金属イオン1つあたり2つのジカルボン酸化合物(I)のカルボキシラートイオンと2つのジピリジル化合物(II)が配位して形成される擬ダイヤモンド骨格が多重に相互貫入した三次元構造を有する。擬ダイヤモンド骨格の構造を図1に、擬ダイヤモンド骨格が三重に相互貫入した三次元構造の模式図を図2に示す。金属錯体は、擬ダイヤモンド骨格が三重に相互貫入した構造を有することが好ましい。
本発明の1,3-ブタジエンおよび1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素を含む混合ガスの中から、1,3-ブタジエンを分離する方法では、分離対象である1,3-ブタジエンを含む混合ガスを本発明の分離材と接触させ、1,3-ブタジエンを前記分離材に選択的に吸着させ、その後、前記分離材に吸着された1,3-ブタジエンを前記分離材から脱着させて、脱離してくる1,3-ブタジエンを捕集する。1,3-ブタジエンの脱着により分離材は再生する。
高圧ガス吸着装置を用いて容量法で測定を行った。このとき、測定に先立って試料を150℃、50Paで6時間乾燥し、吸着水などを除去した。分析条件の詳細を以下に示す。
<分析条件>
装置:日本ベル株式会社製BELSORP(登録商標)-18HT、または日本ベル株式会社製BELSORP(登録商標)-HP
平衡待ち時間:500秒
株式会社リガク製のX線回折装置:マルチフレックスを用いて、回折角(2θ)=3~50°の範囲を走査速度3°/分で走査し、対称反射法で測定した。単結晶構造からのXRPD回折パターンへの変換には、The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre製Mercury(ver2.3)を用いた。
[Zn(NO2ip)(bpe)0.95(bpa)0.05]の合成:
ジルコニア製容器(45mL)に、酸化亜鉛(0.41g,5.0mmol,1eq.)、5-ニトロイソフタル酸(1.07g,5.0mmol,1.0eq.)、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エタン(0.05g,0.03mmol,0.05eq.)、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレン(0.87g,0.48mmol,0.95eq.)、蒸留水(5mL)、およびジルコニアボール(3mmφ、25g)を加え、常温(25℃)、400rpmで1時間、反応させながら湿式摩砕(フリッチュ社クラシックラインP-7を使用)した。その後、内容物を桐山漏斗(登録商標)を用いて濾過し、析出した金属錯体をイオン交換水、エタノールの順で洗浄後、乾燥した。金属錯体は白色固体として2.04g(収率:82%)得られた。得られた金属錯体は粉末X線回折パターン測定により、図1および図2に示した擬ダイヤモンド骨格が三重に相互貫入した構造を有する金属錯体であることを確認した。これを「金属錯体1」とする。
反応原料として表1に示した物質と量に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして金属錯体2~10および比較金属錯体1を製造した。なお、比較金属錯体1はジピリジル化合物(II)を一種類のみ用いている。
[Zn(NO2ip)(bpe)]の合成:
[Zn(NO2ip)(bpa)]の合成:
100mL水熱容器に5-ニトロイソフタル酸0.21g(1.0mmol)、およびKOH水溶液(0.1M)10mLを入れ溶解させた。さらに、酢酸亜鉛二水和物0.22g(1.0mmol)、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エタン0.19g(1.0mmol)、および蒸留水30mLを加えた。160℃で72時間加熱した後、5℃/hの冷却速度で室温まで冷却した。得られた白色固体を桐山漏斗(登録商標)を用いて濾過し、イオン交換水、エタノールの順で洗浄した。比較金属錯体3として、0.40g(収率:88%)を得た。
典型的な吸着材であるゼオライトとしてゼオライト13X(ユニオン昭和株式会社製)を用いた。
典型的な吸着材であるゼオライトとしてゼオライトNaY(和光純薬工業株式会社製)を用いた。
実施例1~10、比較例1~3の金属錯体について25℃における1,3-ブタジエンの吸着等温線を測定した。結果を図4~6に示す。ジピリジル化合物を二種含む実施例1~10の金属錯体は比較例1~3の錯体よりも低圧から1,3-ブタジエンを吸着し始める。よって、本発明の錯体が1,3-ブタジエンの吸着材として優れているのは明らかである。
実施例2の金属錯体2および比較例4のゼオライトについて25℃における1,3-ブタジエン、trans-2-ブテンおよび1-ブテンの吸脱着等温線を測定した。結果をそれぞれ図7および図8に示す。
実施例5の金属錯体5(10.3g)を体積16mL(内径1cm、長さ20cm)のステンレスチューブに充填し、1,3-ブタジエン:1-ブテン:n-ブタン=1:1:1(体積比)の混合ガスを25℃、0.15MPa、空間速度(SV)毎分3.8で5分間流通させた。その後、ガスを止め、ダイヤフラムポンプを用いて5分間かけて真空引きし、錯体に吸着されたガス(=脱着ガス)を回収した。この吸脱着操作を繰返し行い、定常状態に達した後、脱着ガスを分析したところ、1,3-ブタジエン濃度は64体積%であった。これから試算される分離材単位キログラムあたりの1,3-ブタジエン生産性は毎時46Lであった。一方、比較例4のゼオライト(6.8g)を前記ステンレスチューブに充填し、1,3-ブタジエン:1-ブテン:n-ブタン=1:1:1(体積比)の混合ガスを25℃、0.15MPa、空間速度(SV)毎分1.9で4分間流通させた後、ガスを止め、ダイヤフラムポンプを用いて30分間かけて真空引きし、錯体に吸着されたガス(=脱着ガス)を回収した。この吸脱着操作を繰返し行い、定常状態に達した後、脱着ガスを分析したところ、1,3-ブタジエン濃度は41体積%であり、試算される分離材単位キログラムあたりの1,3-ブタジエン生産性は毎時4.6Lであった。このことから、本発明の錯体が1,3-ブタジエン分離材として優れていることは明らかである。
実施例4の金属錯体4および比較例4のゼオライトについて0℃および40℃における1,3-ブタジエンの吸脱着等温線を測定した。結果をそれぞれ図11および図12に示す。
PS1、PS2 製品貯槽
AC1、AC2 吸着塔
P1 真空ポンプ
V1~V8 バルブ
M 混合ガス
B ブタン、ブテン類が濃縮されたガス
BD 1,3-ブタジエンを主成分とするガス
Claims (15)
- 下記一般式(I):
ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、亜鉛、およびカドミウムからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の金属のイオンと;
下記一般式(II):
L-Z-L (II)
(式中、Lは
Zは、-CR8R9-CR10R11-(式中、R8、R9、R10およびR11はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ヒドロキシ基、またはハロゲン原子のいずれかである)、炭素数3~4のアルキレン基、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-S-S-、-N=N-、-O-CH2-、-NH-CH2-または-NHCO-のいずれかである。)で表されるジピリジル化合物(II)からなる金属錯体であって、
前記ジピリジル化合物(II)として異なる二種以上のジピリジル化合物(II)を含むことを特徴とする金属錯体。 - 前記一般式(II)におけるZが-CR8R9-CR10R11-(式中、R8、R9、R10およびR11はそれぞれ独立に水素原子、炭素数1~4のアルキル基、ヒドロキシ基、またはハロゲン原子のいずれかである)、炭素数3~4のアルキレン基、-CH=CH-、-S-S-、または-NHCO-のいずれかである請求項1に記載の金属錯体。
- 前記ジピリジル化合物(II)の組み合わせが、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エタン、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレングリコール、1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと4,4’-ジピリジルジスルフィド、または1,2-ジ(4-ピリジル)エチレンと1,3-ジ(4-ピリジル)プロパンのいずれかである、請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の金属錯体。
- 前記ジカルボン酸化合物(I)が、イソフタル酸、5-メチルイソフタル酸および5-ニトロイソフタル酸からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の金属錯体。
- 前記金属イオンがコバルトイオン、ニッケルイオンおよび亜鉛イオンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の金属錯体。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の金属錯体を含む吸着材。
- 前記吸着材が、二酸化炭素、水素ガス、一酸化炭素、酸素ガス、窒素ガス、炭素数1~5の炭化水素、希ガス、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン、水蒸気または有機蒸気を吸着するための吸着材である請求項6に記載の吸着材。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の金属錯体を含む分離材。
- 前記分離材が、1,3-ブタジエンおよび1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素を含む混合ガスの中から、1,3-ブタジエンを選択的に分離するものである請求項8に記載の分離材。
- 前記1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素が1-ブテン、イソブテン、trans-2-ブテン、cis-2ブテン、イソブタン、およびn-ブタンからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である請求項9に記載の分離材。
- 前記分離材が、二酸化炭素、水素ガス、一酸化炭素、酸素ガス、窒素ガス、炭素数1~5の炭化水素、希ガス、硫化水素、アンモニア、硫黄酸化物、窒素酸化物、シロキサン、水蒸気または有機蒸気を分離するための分離材である請求項8に記載の分離材。
- 多孔質支持体と、前記多孔質支持体の表層部に付着した請求項8~11のいずれか一項に記載の分離材を含む分離膜。
- 高分子材料と、前記高分子材料に混練分散された請求項8~11のいずれか一項に記載の分離材を含む分離膜。
- ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、チタン、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、鉄、ルテニウム、コバルト、ロジウム、ニッケル、パラジウム、白金、銅、亜鉛、およびカドミウムからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の金属の塩と、前記ジカルボン酸化合物(I)と、二種以上の前記ジピリジル化合物(II)とを反応させて、金属錯体を析出させることを含む、請求項1に記載の金属錯体の製造方法であって、前記反応中に湿式摩砕を行うことを特徴とする、製造方法。
- 1,3-ブタジエンおよび1,3-ブタジエン以外の炭素数4の炭化水素を含む混合ガスを分離材と接触させ、1,3-ブタジエンを前記分離材に選択的に吸着させる吸着工程と、その後、前記分離材に吸着された1,3-ブタジエンを前記分離材から脱着させて、脱離してくる1,3-ブタジエンを捕集する再生工程とを含む、混合ガスから1,3-ブタジエンを分離する方法において、前記分離材が請求項8~10のいずれか一項に記載の分離材であることを特徴とする1,3-ブタジエンの分離方法。
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