WO2015002289A1 - 回転体軸および回転体構造ならびに車輪 - Google Patents
回転体軸および回転体構造ならびに車輪 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015002289A1 WO2015002289A1 PCT/JP2014/067883 JP2014067883W WO2015002289A1 WO 2015002289 A1 WO2015002289 A1 WO 2015002289A1 JP 2014067883 W JP2014067883 W JP 2014067883W WO 2015002289 A1 WO2015002289 A1 WO 2015002289A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotating body
- outer peripheral
- peripheral surface
- shaft
- height
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/04—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for joining parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
- B22C9/28—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings for wheels, rolls, or rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
- B22D13/02—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
- F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
- F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
- F16D1/0852—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft
- F16D1/0858—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft due to the elasticity of the hub (including shrink fits)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2300/00—Special features for couplings or clutches
- F16D2300/10—Surface characteristics; Details related to material surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotating body shaft, a rotating body structure, and a wheel.
- a wheel for a motorcycle has a rotating body (wheel or the like) and a rotating body shaft (center boss or the like) provided at the center thereof.
- a spline hole is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft.
- a spline provided on the outer periphery of the axle for transmitting an external torsional moment is connected to the spline hole.
- the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft has a petal shape or a blade shape in a cross section perpendicular to the axis so as to provide a detent effect between the rotating body and a convex shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the shaft.
- This convex shape is complicatedly machined.
- the rotating body shaft and the rotating body main body are integrally formed by casting the rotating body shaft with a rotating body main body formed of, for example, an aluminum (hereinafter abbreviated as aluminum) alloy which is a lightweight material. Be joined.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-228561 describes integral joining in which a hub insert having a protrusion for preventing rotation is cast on a hub portion of an aluminum wheel corresponding to a rotating body.
- the conventional rotating body shaft requires complicated machining in order to form a convex shape having an anti-rotation effect between the rotating body shaft and the rotating body main body on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
- This complicated machining increases the cost of the rotating shaft and the rotating structure (wheel or the like) having the rotating shaft. Further, in order to reduce the cost, it is preferable to adopt a shape having a smooth outer peripheral surface, but this does not ensure sufficient torsional strength.
- the present invention has been made under such a background, and is capable of reducing cost and ensuring sufficient torsional strength and transmitting an external torsional moment to the main body of the rotating body. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shaft, a rotating body structure having the rotating body shaft, and a wheel.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a viewpoint as a rotating body axis.
- the present invention provides a rotating shaft that is cast at the rotation center of the rotating body and transmits a torsional moment from the outside to the rotating body.
- the specific gravity of the material of the rotating body is the same as that of the material of the rotating body. More than the specific gravity, a plurality of protrusions are formed in the state of a casting material on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft, and the shape of the protrusions consists of three parts from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side, and the tip part is a dome shape.
- the middle part has a constricted shape
- the base part has a substantially conical shape
- the protrusions having a height of 0.3 mm (millimeters) or more from the outer peripheral surface are at a height of 0.3 mm.
- the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas surrounded by the contour lines to the area of the outer peripheral surface is 5% or more and 50% or less.
- the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas surrounded by the contour line at the height of 0.3 mm to the area of the outer peripheral surface is 10%. or more and 45% or less, the number of 1 cm 2 per the projections of the outer peripheral surface from 0.3mm or more 2.0mm or less in height is preferably 10 or more 60 or less.
- the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas to the area of the outer peripheral surface is an average value of 25% to 40%, and the protrusion having a height of 0.3 mm to 2.0 mm from the outer peripheral surface.
- the number per 1 cm 2 is preferably 15 to 55 in average.
- the second aspect of the present invention is a viewpoint as a rotating body structure.
- the present invention has a rotating body main body, and a rotating body shaft cast into the rotation center of the rotating body main body, and an external torsional moment applied to the rotating body shaft is applied to the rotating body main body via the rotating body shaft.
- the specific gravity of the material of the rotating body is smaller than the specific gravity of the material of the rotating body shaft, and a plurality of protrusions are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft in the state of a casting material.
- the shape is composed of three parts from the outer peripheral side toward the inner peripheral side, the tip part is dome-shaped, the intermediate part is constricted, the base part is substantially conical, and the outer periphery of the protrusions
- the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas surrounded by the contour line at the height position of 0.3 mm to the area of the outer peripheral surface is 5% or more and 50% or less for those having a height of 0.3 mm or more from the surface It is.
- the material of the rotating body is an aluminum alloy
- the material of the rotating body shaft is cast steel or stainless cast steel formed by centrifugal casting.
- the material of the rotating body is a resin material or a rubber material that is integrally bonded to the rotating body shaft, and the material of the rotating body shaft is formed by centrifugal casting. You may make it be an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy.
- the third aspect of the present invention is a viewpoint as a wheel.
- This invention is a wheel which has the rotary body structure of this invention, and a rotary body axis
- a rotating body shaft, a rotating body structure, and a wheel capable of suppressing the cost to a low level and ensuring a sufficient torsional strength and transmitting an external torsional moment to the rotating body main body.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a rotating body shaft used in the rotating body structure of FIG. 1 and a partially enlarged sectional view thereof.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of measuring the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the protrusions of the rotating body shaft in FIG. 2 surrounded by contour lines at a predetermined height position from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft. It is a figure which shows the state of irradiation of the laser beam to the protrusion in the measuring method shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the cross-sectional area of each protrusion in the state shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which a rotating body structure 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is realized as an aluminum wheel for a motorcycle.
- the rotating body structure 1 includes a rotating body main body 2 and a rotating body shaft 3 whose outer peripheral surface is cast in the state of a casting material at the rotation center of the rotating body main body 2.
- the material of the rotating body 2 is a lightweight metal aluminum alloy.
- a lightweight metal a magnesium alloy can be used in addition to an aluminum alloy.
- the material of the rotating body shaft 3 is stainless steel cast iron-based material by centrifugal casting.
- the iron base material cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron can be used in addition to stainless cast steel.
- the rotating body shaft 3 has a spline hole 4 having a spline groove 4a at the center thereof, and the spline hole 4 is fitted to a spline shaft (not shown) such as an axle.
- a plurality of protrusions 5 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3 in the state of a casting material. Since the rotating body shaft 3 is cast in the rotating body 2, the protrusion 5 is covered with a material (for example, aluminum alloy) forming the rotating body 2.
- a material for example, aluminum alloy
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the rotating body shaft 3 and a partially enlarged sectional view thereof.
- the shape of the protrusion consists of three parts from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side, the tip part is a dome shape, the middle part is a constricted shape, and the base part is a substantially conical shape.
- a plurality of protrusions 5 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3.
- the protrusions 5 are formed in the state of the casting material of the rotating body shaft 3, the positions of the protrusions 5 are random and are distributed almost uniformly over the entire outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3.
- the protrusion 5 plays a role of exerting an anti-rotation effect between the rotating body main body 2 and the rotating body shaft 3. For this reason, the protrusion 5 having an extremely low height does not have the effect as the above-described detent. Therefore, among the plurality of formed protrusions 5, those having a height from the outer peripheral surface of, for example, 0.3 mm or more are considered to be within the specification. In reality, there are cases where the height from the outer peripheral surface is less than 0.3 mm, but the protrusions 5 in the following description are all within the specifications unless otherwise specified. To do.
- the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the protrusions 5 surrounded by the contour line at a height position of 0.3 mm from the outer peripheral surface D of the rotating body shaft 3 to the area of the outer peripheral surface D of the rotating body shaft 3 is 10%. It is 45% or less.
- the ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas surrounded by the contour lines of the protrusion 5 at the contour line position of a predetermined height from the outer peripheral surface D of the rotating body shaft 3 to the area of the outer peripheral surface D of the rotating body shaft 3 is as follows. Is referred to as the protrusion area ratio.
- the lower limit of the protrusion area ratio at the height of 0.3 mm is 10%, and when the protrusion area ratio is less than 10%, the bonding strength (or adhesion strength) between the rotating body 2 and the rotating shaft 3 is allowed.
- This is a numerical value in which there is a possibility that the projection torque on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3 is damaged and the limit torque becomes lower than the practical strength.
- 5%, 7%, and 9% are often acceptable. That is, it may be 5% or more depending on the application.
- the protrusion area ratio of the rotating body shaft 3 is preferably 45% as an upper limit.
- the upper limit may be 50%. That is, it may be 50% or less depending on the application.
- the height of the protrusions 5 is 2.0 mm or less, and the number of protrusions 5 per 1 cm 2 is 10 or more and 60 or less. If the number of protrusions 5 per 1 cm 2 is less than 10, the bonding strength becomes less than the allowable bonding strength, and the shearing force due to the torsional moment applied to each protrusion increases, resulting in damage to the protrusions themselves. It is a numerical value that is likely to become.
- the number of protrusions 5 per 1 cm 2 exceeds 60, the distance between the protrusions becomes narrower, and the molten metal on the outer peripheral surface between the protrusions when the rotor body 3 is cast with the rotor body 2 is melted.
- the fluidity of the water becomes worse and the hot water circulation becomes insufficient.
- a cavity is formed in the contact surface between the rotating body main body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3, and the presence of this cavity deteriorates the adhesion between the rotating body main body 2 and the rotating body shaft 3.
- slippage is induced in the rotation direction of the joint surface, which may result in a decrease in the limit torque, which is not preferable.
- the number of protrusions 5 per 1 cm 2 is more preferably 50 or less.
- the height of the protrusion 5 is preferably 2.0 mm or less in order to stably form the protrusion 5. If it is 2.0 mm or more, the height of the protrusion 5 becomes uneven on the manufacturing surface, and the outer diameter accuracy is lowered. At this time, the thickness of the coating layer is 2.0 mm. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the average height of the protrusions 5 is 1.7 mm or less.
- the rotating body shaft 3 having the plurality of protrusions 5 is cast into the rotating body main body 2, whereby the rotating body shaft 3 and the rotating body main body 2 are firmly joined, and the protrusion 5 is the above-described detent.
- a predetermined torsional strength is ensured by producing the effect. For this reason, the external torsional moment given to the rotating body shaft 3 is transmitted to the rotating body main body 2 through the rotating body shaft 3.
- the rotating body shaft 3 is manufactured by a centrifugal casting method.
- Centrifugal casting is a method in which a coating layer is formed by spray coating a coating material on the inner surface of a rotating mold (mold), and casting is performed by casting a molten metal into the formed coating layer. It is.
- the coating material is prepared by mixing diatomaceous earth, bentonite (binding agent), water, and a surfactant at a predetermined ratio. Subsequently, a coating material is sprayed and applied to the inside of a mold that is heated to 200 ° C. to 400 ° C. and rotates. Thereby, a coating layer is formed on the inner surface of the mold. Due to the action of the surfactant contained in the coating material, a plurality of concave holes are formed in the coating layer by bubbles of vapor generated from the high temperature coating layer.
- the molten metal is cast into a rotating mold. Thereby, the molten metal is filled in the concave holes of the coating layer, and a plurality of substantially uniform protrusions 5 are formed at random positions.
- the rotating body shaft 3 is taken out of the mold together with the coating layer.
- the coating layer is removed, and the rotating body shaft 3 having a plurality of substantially cylindrical or constricted projections 5 on the outer peripheral surface is manufactured.
- the spline hole 4 which has the spline groove
- Rotating body shaft 3 is casted by rotating body main body 2 by placing rotating body shaft 3 manufactured in this way at a predetermined position of the mold of rotating body main body 2 and pouring molten metal into the mold. In this way, the rotating body structure 1 is manufactured.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for measuring the contour lines of the protrusion 5.
- the rotating body shaft 3 is placed on the test table 7 so that the laser beam irradiation part of the three-dimensional laser measuring device 6 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3 face each other.
- the laser beam V emitted from the three-dimensional laser measuring device 6 is emitted so as to be substantially orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3.
- the laser beam V irradiated to the protrusion 5 is reflected by the surface of the protrusion 5 and enters the three-dimensional laser measuring device 6 again.
- the image processing device 8 measures the distance between the three-dimensional laser measuring device 6 and the surface of the protrusion 5 from the time required for the reciprocation of the laser beam V, and displays or prints out the contour map of the protrusion 5.
- FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the outer peripheral surface D of the rotating body shaft 3 and the contour lines L0 to L15.
- a contour line L0 having the same height as the outer peripheral surface D
- a contour line L3 having a height of 0.3 mm from the outer peripheral surface D
- a contour line L6 having a height of 0.6 mm from the outer peripheral surface D
- a height from the outer peripheral surface D As shown in FIG. 5, a contour line L0 having the same height as the outer peripheral surface D, a contour line L3 having a height of 0.3 mm from the outer peripheral surface D, a contour line L6 having a height of 0.6 mm from the outer peripheral surface D.
- a contour map L9 of 0.9 mm, a contour line L12 having a height of 1.2 mm from the outer peripheral surface D, and a contour line L15 having a height of 1.5 mm from the outer peripheral surface D are drawn from the image processing apparatus 8. Is output. Note that the contour line L12 having a height of 1.2 mm from the outer peripheral surface D corresponds to the constricted portion of the protrusion 5 and is hidden in the upper part of the protrusion 5, and therefore does not appear in the contour map output from the image processing apparatus 8. . In FIG. 6, the hidden line of the contour line L12 is shown by a broken line.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a cross-sectional shape passing through the standard central axis of the protrusion 5, but as described above, the protrusion 5 of the rotating body shaft 3 is in a cast material state, and thus the shape thereof varies.
- the protrusion 5 having a height of less than 0.3 mm is not defined and is not regarded as the protrusion 5.
- the contour lines are set at intervals of 0.3 mm, but the specified height of the protrusion 5 is 0.3 mm or more. Therefore, as long as a contour line of 0.3 mm is obtained, the interval between the contour lines exceeding 0.3 mm may be anything.
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which the protrusion 5 is cut by the cut surface at the position of the contour line L3 of the protrusion 5 with respect to the protrusion 5 distributed in a unit area (W1 ⁇ W2) (for example, 1 cm 2 ). ing.
- the number of regions R surrounded by the contour line L ⁇ b> 3, that is, the regions R indicated by oblique lines in FIG. 7 can be counted, which corresponds to the number of protrusions 5.
- the total area of the region R is the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the protrusions 5 when the protrusions 5 are cut by the cut surface at the position of the contour line L3 of the protrusions 5 (see FIG. 8).
- FIG. 9 shows an outline of a method for testing the limit torque in the rotating body structure 1.
- the test apparatus 10 used Shimadzu autograph model AG-2000A, and measured the load and the amount of change at the load point of the arm portion 12.
- the cylinder 2A corresponding to the rotator main body 2 uses an aluminum alloy as a material, and the rotator shaft 3 is cast on the inner periphery.
- the test apparatus 10 includes a main body portion 11 corresponding to a rotation shaft (spline shaft), an arm portion 12 for applying a torsional moment T to the main body portion 11, and a displacement sensor 13 for detecting a load point of the arm portion 12. .
- the horizontal axis represents the amount of displacement
- the vertical axis represents the load P (N).
- the load P (N) and the displacement amount are in a linear relationship, but the displacement amount suddenly increases from a certain load, and the displacement at this time
- the limit torque load Pmax of the rotating body shaft 3 can be measured based on the output result of the displacement sensor 13.
- test piece 14 of 20 mm ⁇ 20 mm is produced from the joint portion of the rotating body main body 2 and the rotating body shaft 3.
- the test piece 14 includes a rotating body shaft 2A and a rotating body main body 1A.
- the dedicated jigs 15 and 16 are bonded to the rotating body shaft 2A and the rotating body main body 1A with an adhesive.
- the test piece 14 is pulled in the direction of the arrow (the vertical direction in the figure) with a tensile tester, and the strength at which the rotating body shaft 2A and the rotating body main body 1A are peeled is defined as the bonding strength.
- Example 1 Next, specific examples are shown in Table 1.
- the outer diameter is 44 mm
- the recess of the spline groove 4a is 29 mm in inner diameter
- the protrusion of the spline groove 4a is 28 mm in inner diameter
- the pitch of the spline grooves 4a is 1 mm
- the shape of the spline grooves 4a is rectangular
- a rotating body shaft 3 of 40 mm in length and made of cast stainless steel (equivalent to SC450) was used.
- the projection area ratio, the number of projections, and the projection height were variously changed, and the measurement results of the limit torque when the length L of the arm portion 12 is 250 mm are shown in Table 1 with the test apparatus of FIG. .
- Table 1 shows the test results of the rotating body shaft 3 of the present invention.
- the data types in Table 1 are, from the left, the projection area ratio average value S 1 (%) in the cross-sectional area of the projection 5 at the projection height of 0.3 mm, and the individual projection area ratio values S 2 (%) per cm 2 Average number of protrusions (pieces / cm 2 ), individual value of the number of protrusions per 1 cm 2 (pieces / cm 2 ), average value of protrusion height (mm), individual value of protrusion height (mm), limit torque ( Nm).
- Rotating body shafts 31 to 39 (corresponding to tests No. 1 to No.
- peripheral cast axis means test No. in the example. 1-No. No. 9 rotating body shafts 31 to 39 and comparative test Nos. 1-No. This means that the outer peripheral surfaces of the three rotating body shafts 301 to 303 are the same as the casting material.
- the “peripheral machined shaft” refers to the test No. 4 means that the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 304 is smoothly machined.
- Test No. of Example 1 has a protrusion area ratio average of 12% at a height of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratios at a height of 0.3 mm are 10.0 to 13.5%.
- the average value of the number of protrusions is 15 pieces / cm 2
- the individual value of the number of protrusions is 10 to 19 pieces / cm 2
- the average value of the protrusion height is 1.05 mm
- the limit torque is 1450 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 2 has an average protrusion area ratio of 11% at a height of 0.3 mm, and the individual protrusion area ratio at a height of 0.3 mm is 10.2 to 12.8%.
- the average number of protrusions is 31 pieces / cm 2
- the individual value of the number of protrusions is 27 to 36 pieces / cm 2
- the average value of the protrusion height is 0.7 mm
- the limit torque is 1230 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 3 has a protrusion area ratio average of 12% at a height of 0.3 mm, and the individual protrusion area ratios at a height of 0.3 mm are 10.1 to 13.9%.
- the average number of protrusions is 52 / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 44 to 58 / cm 2
- the average value of protrusion height is 0.45 mm
- the limit torque is 1150 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 4 has a protrusion area ratio average of 26% at the 0.3 mm height position, and individual protrusion area ratio values at the 0.3 mm height position are 23.5 to 30.0%.
- the average number of protrusions is 16 pieces / cm 2
- the individual value of the number of protrusions is 10 to 20 pieces / cm 2
- the average value of the protrusion height is 1.3 mm
- the individual value of the protrusion height Is 1.05 to 1.60 mm
- the limit torque is 2030 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 5 has a protrusion area ratio average of 27% at a height of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratios at a height of 0.3 mm are 24.5 to 31.2%.
- the average number of protrusions is 30 pieces / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 25 to 34 pieces / cm 2
- the average height of protrusions is 0.90 mm
- the limit torque is 1820 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 6 has a protrusion area ratio average of 25% at a height of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratios at a height of 0.3 mm are 23.0 to 29.4%.
- the average number of protrusions is 46 / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 41 to 50 / cm 2
- the average value of protrusion height is 0.50 mm
- the individual values of protrusion height Is 0.30 to 0.75 mm
- the limit torque is 1610 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 7 has a protrusion area ratio average of 40% at a height of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratios at a height of 0.3 mm of 34.8 to 45.0%.
- the average number of protrusions is 15 pieces / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 10 to 21 pieces / cm 2
- the average value of protrusion heights is 1.7 mm
- the individual values of protrusion heights Is 1.45 to 2.00 mm
- the limit torque is 2420 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 8 has a protrusion area ratio average of 39% at the 0.3 mm height position, and individual protrusion area ratio values at the 0.3 mm height position are 34.5 to 44.4%.
- the average number of protrusions is 32 / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 27 to 38 / cm 2
- the average value of protrusion height is 1.35 mm
- the individual values of protrusion height Is 1.10 to 1.60 mm
- the limit torque is 2150 Nm.
- Test No. of Example 9 has a protrusion area ratio average of 40% at a height position of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratio values at a height position of 0.3 mm are 36.3 to 45.0%.
- the average number of protrusions is 55 / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 48 to 60 / cm 2
- the average value of protrusion height is 0.85 mm
- the limit torque is 2060 Nm.
- Test No. of the comparative example. 1 has a protrusion area ratio average of 6.5% at a height position of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratio values at a height position of 0.3 mm are 5.0 to 8.6. %,
- the average number of protrusions is 14 / cm 2
- the individual value of the number of protrusions is 10 to 19 / cm 2
- the average value of the protrusion height is 0.48 mm
- the limit torque is 725 Nm.
- Test No. of the comparative example. 2 has a protrusion area ratio average of 6.4% at a height position of 0.3 mm, and individual protrusion area ratio values at a height position of 0.3 mm are 5.0 to 8.2. %,
- the average number of protrusions is 54 pieces / cm 2
- the individual number of protrusions is 46 to 59 pieces / cm 2
- the average height of protrusions is 0.40 mm
- the individual protrusion heights are Is 0.30 to 0.55 mm
- the limit torque is 675 Nm.
- the rotation axis 303 of No. 3 has an average protrusion area ratio at a height of 0.3 mm of 45%, and the individual protrusion area ratio at a height of 0.3 mm is 43.5 to 50.0%.
- the average number of protrusions is 55 / cm 2
- the individual value of the number of protrusions is 47 to 60 / cm 2
- the average value of the protrusion height is 1.30 mm
- the individual value of the protrusion height is It is 0.95 to 1.60 mm
- the limit torque is 1335 Nm.
- Comparative test No. No. 4 rotating body shaft 304 has a smooth outer peripheral surface and a limit torque of 440 Nm.
- the limit torque is 440 Nm when the protrusion 5 is not provided, and is extremely limited compared to the other rotor shafts 31 to 39 and 301 to 303 having the protrusion 5. It can be seen that the torque is low. As a result, it is possible to confirm the effect of increasing the limit torque due to the rotating body shafts 31 to 39 and 301 to 303 having the protrusions 5.
- test No. of the comparative example whose protrusion area ratio average value is less than 10%.
- the first and second rotor shafts 301 and 302 have a limit torque of less than 1000 Nm.
- the limit torque is required to be 1000 Nm or more, so the validity of setting the lower limit of the protrusion area ratio to 10% can be confirmed.
- the lower limit of the protrusion area ratio may be less than 10%, for example, 5%, depending on the purpose of use that can be used with a lower limit torque than that for motorcycles.
- the test No. of the comparative example in which the average value of the protrusion area ratio is 45% and the individual value of the protrusion area ratio is 43.5% to 50.0%. 3 has a limit torque of 1335 Nm.
- the projection area ratio average value of 9 (the limit torque is 2060 Nm) is 40%, and it is considered in comparison with the rotating body shaft 39 whose projection area ratio individual value is 36.3% to 45.0%.
- the rotating body shaft 303 has a lower limit torque than the rotating body shaft 39 having a smaller protrusion area ratio, and it is reasonable to set the upper limit of the protrusion area ratio to 40%. .
- the upper limit of the protrusion area ratio may exceed 40%, for example, 45%, depending on the purpose of use that can be used with a lower limit torque than that for motorcycles.
- the number of protrusions 5 having a height of 0.3 mm or more from each outer peripheral surface per cm 2 is 10 or more and 60 or less, and the average value is 15 or more and 55
- the protrusion area ratio is 23.0% or more and 45.0% or less, and the average value is 25% or more and 40% or less.
- the rotating body shaft 3 that can keep the cost low and secure a sufficient torsional strength and transmit an external torsional moment to the rotating body 2. Moreover, the wheel as the rotating body structure 1 having such a rotating body shaft 3 has a sufficient torsional strength while keeping the cost low.
- reference data is an example, and the configuration of the rotating body structure 1 is not limited thereby.
- the material of the rotating body 2 is an aluminum alloy or magnesium alloy which is a lightweight metal
- the specific gravity is less than 5 g / cm 3
- the specific gravity of the aluminum alloy is 2.7 g / cm 3 and the specific gravity of the magnesium alloy. Is 1.7 g / cm 3 .
- the material of the rotor shaft 3 is cast steel or stainless cast steel, which is an iron base material
- the specific gravity is 6 g / cm 3 or more
- the specific gravity of the iron base material is 7.0 g / cm 3 to 8.0 g / cm 3 .
- a motorcycle it is preferable for a motorcycle to have a spline hole 4 having a length of about 5 mm to 100 mm and an outer diameter of about 25 mm to 100 mm.
- a spline hole 4 having a length of about 5 mm to 100 mm and an outer diameter of about 25 mm to 100 mm.
- the rotating body structure 1 according to the above-described embodiment has been described assuming an aluminum wheel for a motorcycle.
- the rotating body structure 1 may be a wheel for an electric wheelchair, a steering handle, a pulley bearing,
- the material may be a synthetic resin or rubber.
- the material of the rotating body shaft 3 can be, for example, stainless cast steel by centrifugal casting, aluminum alloy, or magnesium alloy.
- the rotator shaft 3 is placed at a predetermined position of a molding die of the rotator main body 2 and injection molding is performed, so that the rotator shaft 3 is turned into the rotator main body 2.
- the rotating body shaft 3 is bonded to the rotating body main body 2 by vulcanization molding or vulcanization adhesion.
- the resin material has a specific gravity of 0.9 g / cm 3 to 1.6 g / cm 3
- the rubber material has a specific gravity of 0.8 g / cm 3 to 1.3 g / cm 3 .
- Such a wheel made of synthetic resin or rubber can be used for a transport vehicle that runs at a low speed inside a factory such as an unmanned self-propelled carriage. Alternatively, it can be used as a driving wheel for a non-electric wheelchair or a belt conveyor.
- the protrusions that are not regarded as the protrusions 5 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3 are removed by blasting or the like, and the outer peripheral surface other than the protrusion 5 forming portion is removed. It may be processed smoothly. According to this, when casting the rotating body shaft 3 with the rotating body main body 2, the fluidity of the rotating body main body is improved, and voids in the joint surface between the rotating body main body 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body shaft 3 are improved. A decrease in adhesion due to generation can be suppressed.
- 1-No. No. 2 cannot be adopted when the limit torque is 1000 Nm or less and a value exceeding 1000 Nm is used as the specification value.
- the specification value (standard value) of the limit torque is 600 Nm or more
- the test No. of the comparative example. 1-No. 3 can be adopted.
- the protrusion area ratio may be in the range of 5% to 50%.
- the purpose of use such that the specification value of the limit torque is 600 Nm or more includes a transport vehicle that runs at a low speed indoors such as the above-mentioned factories, driving wheels of wheelchairs and belt conveyors, or a cart that runs at low speed in a golf course. There is a purpose of using the drive wheels.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
S=((領域Rの合計面積)/(W1×W2))×100(%)
によって計算できる。図8は、単位面積(W1×W2)と領域Rの合計面積との関係を概念的に示す。
Tmax=Pmax・L(N・m)
として求めることができる。
次に、具体的な実施例を表1に示す。表1に示す実施例は、外径が直径44mm、スプライン溝4aの凹部が内径29mm、スプライン溝4aの凸部が内径28mm、スプライン溝4aのピッチが1mm、スプライン溝4aの形状が矩形、長さが40mm、材質がステンレス鋳鋼(SC450相当)の回転体軸3を使用した。この実施例において、突起面積率、突起数、および突起高さを様々に変更し、図9の試験装置で、アーム部12の長さL=250mmでの限界トルクの測定結果を表1に示す。
次に、回転体構造1に係る好ましい参考データを以下に示す。ただし、この参考データは、一例であって、これにより回転体構造1の構成を限定するものではない。たとえば、回転体本体2の材料が軽量金属であるアルミ合金またはマグネシウム合金である場合、その比重は5g/cm3未満であり、アルミ合金の比重は、2.7g/cm3、マグネシウム合金の比重は、1.7g/cm3である。回転体軸3の材料が、鉄基材料である鋳鋼またはステンレス鋳鋼である場合、その比重は6g/cm3以上であり、鉄基材料の比重は、7.0g/cm3~8.0g/cm3である。このように回転体本体2の材料の比重を回転体軸3の材料の比重より小さくするのが好ましい。しかも両者を異なる材料で形成するのが好ましい。
上述の実施の形態は、その要旨を逸脱しない限り、様々に変更が可能である。たとえば、上述の実施の形態に係る回転体構造1は、自動二輪車用のアルミホイールを想定して説明したが、電動車椅子用の車輪、操縦用ハンドル、プーリー軸受けであったり、回転体本体2の材料が合成樹脂やゴムであってもよい。これらの場合、回転体軸3の材料は、たとえば、遠心鋳造によるステンレス鋳鋼またはアルミ合金もしくはマグネシウム合金とすることができる。
Claims (7)
- 回転体本体の回転中心に鋳包まれ、外部からのねじりモーメントを前記回転体本体に伝達する回転体軸において、
前記回転体軸の材料の比重は、前記回転体本体の材料の比重よりも大きく、前記回転体軸の外周面に鋳造素材の状態で突起が複数形成され、前記突起の形状は外周側から内周側に向かって3つの部分からなり、先端部分がドーム状であり、中間部分が括れ形状であり、基底部分が略円錐状であり、前記突起のうちで前記外周面から0.3mm(ミリメートル)の高さ以上のものに関して、0.3mmの高さ位置での等高線により囲まれた断面積の総和と前記外周面の面積との比が5%以上50%以下である、
ことを特徴とする回転体軸。 - 請求項1記載の回転体軸において、
前記突起のうちで前記外周面から0.3mmの高さ以上のものに関して、0.3mmの高さ位置での等高線により囲まれた断面積の総和と前記外周面の面積との比が10%以上45%以下であり、前記外周面から0.3mm以上2.0mm以下の高さの前記突起の1cm2当たりの個数は、10個以上60個以下である、
ことを特徴とする回転体軸。 - 請求項2記載の回転体軸において、
前記突起のうちで前記外周面から0.3mmの高さ以上のものに関して、0.3mmの高さ位置での等高線により囲まれた断面積の総和と前記外周面の面積との比は平均値で25%以上40%以下であり、前記外周面から0.3mm以上2.0mm以下の高さの前記突起の1cm2当たりの個数は、平均値で15個以上55個以下である、
ことを特徴とする回転体軸。 - 外部からのねじりモーメントが前記回転体軸に与えられ、前記回転体本体に伝達される回転体構造において、
前記回転体本体はその材料の比重が、前記回転体軸の材料の比重よりも小さく、
前記回転体軸は、その外周面に鋳造素材の状態で突起が複数形成され、前記突起の形状は外周側から内周側に向かって3つの部分からなり、先端部分がドーム状であり、中間部分が括れ形状であり、基底部分が略円錐状であり、前記突起のうちで前記外周面から0.3mmの高さ以上のものに関して、0.3mmの高さ位置での等高線により囲まれた断面積の総和と前記外周面の面積との比が5%以上50%以下であり、前記回転体本体の回転中心に鋳包まれ、
前記回転体本体と前記回転体軸とが前記回転体軸の外周面に形成された複数の前記突起により接合されている、
ことを特徴とする回転体構造。 - 請求項4記載の回転体構造において、
前記回転体本体の材料は、アルミ合金であり、前記回転体軸の材料は、遠心鋳造により形成される鋳鋼またはステンレス鋳鋼である、
ことを特徴とする回転体構造。 - 請求項4記載の回転体構造において、
前記回転体本体の材料は、前記回転体軸と一体に接合される樹脂材料またはゴム材料であり、前記回転体軸の材料は、遠心鋳造により形成されるアルミ合金またはマグネシウム合金である、
ことを特徴とする回転体構造。 - 請求項4から6のいずれか1項に記載の回転体構造を有し、前記回転体軸が車軸に接続される車輪。
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