WO2015000364A1 - 电阻焊方法及其应用和所用的电极焊头 - Google Patents

电阻焊方法及其应用和所用的电极焊头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015000364A1
WO2015000364A1 PCT/CN2014/080267 CN2014080267W WO2015000364A1 WO 2015000364 A1 WO2015000364 A1 WO 2015000364A1 CN 2014080267 W CN2014080267 W CN 2014080267W WO 2015000364 A1 WO2015000364 A1 WO 2015000364A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrodes
weldment
electrode
welding
copper
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/080267
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林青云
Original Assignee
Lam Chingwung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lam Chingwung filed Critical Lam Chingwung
Priority to US14/910,703 priority Critical patent/US20160228974A1/en
Publication of WO2015000364A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015000364A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/06—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating using roller electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/06—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating using roller electrodes
    • B23K11/061—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating using roller electrodes for welding rectilinear seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/16—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
    • B23K11/20—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating taking account of the properties of the material to be welded of different metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/3009—Pressure electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/31—Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/31—Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
    • B23K11/314—Spot welding guns, e.g. mounted on robots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
    • B23K2101/38—Conductors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/328—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a resistance welding method and a welding head used, in particular to a resistance welding method in which two electrodes are arranged in parallel in the same direction and an electrode welding head thereof.
  • Resistance welding is the process of combining the workpieces, applying pressure to different weldments to be welded through the two electrodes, and heating them to a molten or plastic state by the resistance heat generated by the current flowing through the contact faces and adjacent regions between the weldments to be welded.
  • a method of forming a metal bond is the process of combining the workpieces, applying pressure to different weldments to be welded through the two electrodes, and heating them to a molten or plastic state by the resistance heat generated by the current flowing through the contact faces and adjacent regions between the weldments to be welded.
  • spot welding is a method of electric resistance welding in which a weldment is assembled into a lap joint and is pressed between the two columnar electrodes 1 to melt the base metal by electric resistance heat to form a solder joint 51.
  • Spot welding is mainly used for thin plate welding.
  • the seam welding process is similar to spot welding except that the cylindrical electrode 1 is replaced by a rotating disc-shaped roller electrode 1, and the weldment is assembled as a lap or butt joint and placed between the two roller electrodes 1.
  • the roller pressure welding member rotates and rotates continuously or intermittently to form a continuous welding method.
  • Seam welding is mainly used for welding welds that are relatively regular and require sealing.
  • the thickness of the joint is generally less than 3 mm.
  • a balanced gap electric resistance welding which is a spot welding method, which is composed of two electrodes 1 arranged in parallel, and a top layer arranged in the upper and lower overlapping manners of the welding consumables.
  • the weldment 3 and the resistance value are much lower than the bottom weldment 4 of the top weldment 3 for welding.
  • the two electrodes 1 are pressed in the same direction on the surface of the top weldment 3.
  • the welding current is composed of the high potential electrode 1 - the top weldment 3 - the bottom weldment 4 - the top weldment 3——
  • the low potential electrode 1 forms a current loop, so that under the action of the resistance heat, the solder joint 51 is formed at the junction of the top layer weldment 3 and the bottom weldment 4 at the pressing position of the two electrodes 1.
  • the resistance value of the bottom weldment 4 is much smaller than the resistance value of the top weldment 3, and thus, the applicable range thereof is limited.
  • the welding method of the non-contact or dual-interface type IC card 6 in the prior art and the welding method of the battery 7 electrode 1 and the external lead are as follows:
  • the transition metal foil is soldered to the IC chip copper foil 61 via a connecting wire 63.
  • the welding of the battery 7 and the external lead in the battery pack of the battery management system is usually carried out by using other welding methods, first welding a nickel piece or other metal piece having a higher resistance value than the copper material to the electrode of the battery 7. An external lead is then soldered to the nickel piece.
  • the disadvantage is that, firstly, the intermediate transition welding piece - nickel piece or other metal piece is added, thereby increasing the material cost; secondly, since the conductivity of nickel is worse than that of copper, the welding structure is greatly reduced. The current output from the battery pack.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a resistance welding method in which two electrodes of a welding machine apply pressure to a top weldment in a crossed or overlapping state in the same direction, and the top weldment between the two electrodes is melted. Or in a plastic state, the top weldment and the bottom weldment are welded together by pressing the pressure piece.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
  • the welding consumables are first overlapped or overlapped in a manner of overlapping or overlapping, and then the two electrodes are pre-compressed in the same direction to form a current loop, and the two electrodes are arranged side by side.
  • the two electrodes are arranged side by side.
  • Pressurized pressure sheet made of temperature-resistant and high-resistance material.
  • the pressure piece is subjected to a constant pressure to the top weldment in a molten or plastic state, so that the top weldment at the welding position is in close contact with the bottom weldment, and at the same time, the current loop between the two electrodes is broken to melt Or the atoms in the top-level weldment in the plastic state diffuse into the interior of the metal grain of the bottom weldment under the pressure of the pressure piece until cooling crystallization, forming a solder joint at the welding position;
  • the top and bottom weldments are wires, metal wires, metal rods, metal sheets or metal plates.
  • the top weldment is at least one wire, metal wire or metal rod.
  • the pressure sheet is made of a ceramic sheet, a quartz material or a bakelite material.
  • the two electrodes are arranged in parallel and have the same length.
  • soldering method for an IC card chip and a connecting wire thereof the one end of the connecting wire is first soldered on the IC chip copper foil, and the other end is soldered on the IC induction coil lead.
  • the soldering method is as follows.
  • the other end of the connecting wire is soldered to the IC induction coil lead.
  • the welding method for connecting the battery electrode and the external wire in the battery pack of the present invention is as follows,
  • the pressing piece between the two electrodes is applied with a constant pressure to the copper piece or the copper wire at the welding position from top to bottom, so that the copper piece or the copper wire at the place is closely connected with the battery electrode, and at the same time Disconnecting the current loop between the two electrodes, so that the molten or plastic copper or copper wire is cooled under the pressure of the pressure piece until it is crystallized and welded to the battery electrode;
  • the other battery electrodes in the battery pack are welded together with the external wires or guide sheets.
  • An electrode horn for use in the method of the present invention is composed of two left electrodes, a right electrode arranged side by side in the same direction, and a pressing piece sandwiched between the left electrode and the right electrode, and the left electrode and the right electrode are strips.
  • the rod member has a cross-sectional shape of a circular shape, a semicircular shape, a rectangular shape or a trapezoidal shape; the pressing piece is made of a high-resistance high-temperature resistant material and is movable up and down between the electrodes.
  • the left electrode is disposed in parallel with the right electrode, and the upper cross-sectional shapes of the two electrodes are all semi-circular, and the opposite surfaces thereof are plane, and the same inwardly concave rectangular groove is provided on both planes, and the rectangular groove is up to
  • the lower portion of the electrode extends to the lower portion of the electrode, the lower cross-sectional area of the two electrodes is gradually reduced, and the lower end surface thereof is rectangular.
  • the longitudinal cross-section of the lower electrode portion adjacent to the lower end portion of the two electrodes is an inverted trapezoid; the pressing piece is a ceramic piece having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the left electrode and the right electrode are separated in a rectangular groove of the two electrodes and can be moved up and down therein, and the lower end portion of the lower portion adjacent to the lower end portion has an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the lower end surface thereof is rectangular.
  • the left and right electrodes are the same length.
  • the present invention adopts a structure in which the welding machine electrodes arranged in parallel in the same direction and the pressing piece disposed between the two electrodes are used to weld the welding pieces to be welded or overlapped by the resistance heat.
  • the weldments to be welded can be welded together by applying the same force to the weldments disposed on the top layer of the two electrodes and with the aid of the pressure plates.
  • the method of the invention can weld any metal wire, wire, wire or piece in the lap state, especially the welding of the IC card chip and its induction coil and the welding of the battery electrode and the external lead in the battery pack, A very good effect is obtained, that is, the IC card obtained by the method of the invention is flat and has no deformation and the wire is directly welded, and the transition metal piece used for welding in the prior art is saved; the obtained battery pack is made of copper or copper.
  • the wire replaces the original nickel piece directly to the battery electrode, thereby greatly increasing the output current of the battery pack.
  • the electrode horn of the present invention adopts an electrode arranged in parallel in the same direction and a structure of a pressure piece placed between the two electrodes to move up and down and pressurize the weldment, so that the electric resistance welding method of the present invention can apply the same weldment in one direction. Pressurization and resistance welding are achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of spot welding in resistance welding in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a seam welding of resistance welding in the prior art.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view of a prior art balance gap resistance welding.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the positional state of an electrode and a weldment in the electric resistance welding method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of welding of an IC card chip and a wire according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the welding state of the battery electrode and the external lead wire in the battery pack of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of an electrode horn used in the electric resistance welding method of the present invention.
  • Electrode 1 left electrode 11, right electrode 12, rectangular groove 13, pressure piece 2, top layer weldment 3, bottom weldment 4, welding position 5, solder joint 51, IC card 6, chip copper foil 61, induction coil lead 62.
  • the electric resistance welding method of the present invention is particularly suitable for welding between metal wires, between wires, between sheets or between sheets in the field of microelectronics, which is to be welded first (to be welded)
  • the pieces may be overlapped by overlapping or overlapping the wires, wires, rods, sheets or plates (ie, the angle of intersection between the weldments to be welded may be acute, right angle or overlapping), located in the lap phase
  • the weld to be welded above the contact is called the top weldment 3, the lower weld to be welded is called the bottom weldment 4, the top weldment 3 and the bottom weldment 4 can be single or multiple pieces, and then the two electrodes 1
  • the pre-compression forms a current loop on the weldment to be welded, and the two electrodes 1 of the present invention are juxtaposed in parallel on both sides of the welding position 5 formed by the contact of the top weldment 3 with the bottom weldment 4 (usually two electrodes 1)
  • the contact point of the weldment is located on the same weldment of the top weldment 3, and the bead is electrically conductive between the electrode 1 and the top weldment 3.
  • the connection state is on the same side of the electrode 1 and between the two electrodes 1, and is provided with a high resistance parallel to the two electrodes 1 and movable up and down (the "high resistance” means that the resistance value of the pressure piece 2 is It is higher than the resistance value of the top weldment 3, that is, the welding current is from the high electrode 1 through the top electrode 3 and then from the lower electrode 1 and cannot be short-circuited through the pressure piece 2) the pressure piece made of temperature resistant material 2.
  • the pressure piece 2 When welding, the pressure piece 2 is moved down to the welding position 5 and a constant pressure is applied to the top layer weldment 3, that is, under the pressure of the pressure piece 2, the top weldment 3 of the welding position 5 is welded to the bottom layer. Pieces 4 are in close contact.
  • the pressure piece 2 may be made of ceramic or may be made of quartz material or other high temperature resistant bakelite material.
  • a current flowing between the two electrodes 1 generates resistance heat in the top layer weldment 3 of the interval, and when the current conduction time reaches a preset time, the top weldment 3 of the interval is heated to a molten or plastic state. That is, the atoms inside the top weldment 3 heated to the molten or plastic state have a certain diffusion ability. Since the two electrodes 1 are only in contact with the top layer weldment 3, the conduction current does not flow through the bottom weldment 4, and the vacancies between the atoms move only.
  • the unidirectionality that is, the resistance heat is not generated in the bottom weldment 4, and it is impossible to be in a molten or plastic state, thus saving power and ensuring the components on which the bottom weldment 4 is supported (when the component Integrity after welding at high temperature for heat-deformable materials;
  • the pressure piece 2 When the top weldment 3 is in a molten or plastic state, the pressure piece 2 is moved from top to bottom and touches the top weldment 3 of the welding position 5 (the pressure piece 2 may also be in the two electrodes 1 to the top weldment 3 Applying pressure to the top weldment 3 of the welding position 5 is applied with a constant pressure);
  • the soldering method for the IC card 6 chip and its connecting wire 63 of the present invention is applied to the soldering of the chip of the contactless and dual interface type IC card 6 and its connecting wire 63.
  • one end of the connecting wire 63 is first soldered to the IC chip copper foil 61, and the other end is soldered to the IC induction coil lead 62.
  • the soldering method is as follows:
  • the pressure piece 2 between the two electrodes 1 (which may also press the pressure piece 2 on the connecting wire 63 in advance) applies a constant pressure to the connecting wire 63 in a molten or plastic state from top to bottom, resulting in a constant pressure.
  • the connecting wire 63 at this point is in close contact with the chip copper foil 61, breaking the current loop between the two electrodes 1, and at the same time, the connecting wire 63 in a molten or plastic state under the action of pressure, wherein the atomic direction
  • the metal grains of the chip copper foil 61 are internally diffused, so that a solid solution is formed in the surface layer of the chip copper foil 61 at the boundary between the connection wires 63 and the chip copper foil 61, even if the pressure of the connecting wire 63 in the molten or plastic state is at the pressure of the pressure piece 2. Cooling down until crystallization, thereby welding the two together;
  • the other end of the connecting wire 63 is overlapped with the IC induction coil lead 62 by wire and soldered together, thereby eliminating the prior art in the IC card 6 chip and the connecting wire 63.
  • the transition metal piece is introduced.
  • the invention is characterized in that the connection method of the conventional IC card 6 is completely updated, and in particular, a simple, effective and low-cost welding scheme is provided for the combi-card production process (the welding method in the prior art is to induce the induction)
  • the coil lead 62 is soldered to the metal foil by heat welding, and the metal foil is connected to the IC chip through the connecting wire 63 by ultrasonic welding, laser welding or heat welding.
  • the method is cumbersome, has many links, low reliability and welding. The heat generated during the process will cause the plastic sheet of the IC card 6 to be deformed, which affects the appearance quality).
  • one or two lines of "one" or “Z” shaped segments to be welded may be reserved at the beginning and the end thereof, and the connecting wire 63 is utilized.
  • the invention soldering method directly connects the induction coil to the IC chip.
  • soldering method of the present invention can also be combined with the prior art to solder the IC card 6 chip and its induction coil as follows:
  • a metal foil is prepared, and the induction coil lead 62 is previously hot-welded and welded to the metal foil, and the IC chip copper foil 61 is welded to the metal foil by the electric resistance welding method of the present invention.
  • the production process can be greatly simplified, the connection quality and reliability can be improved, and the welding heat is highly concentrated, which does not affect the bottom and the nearby plastic body, and does not cause discoloration and oxidation of the metal layer on the front side of the IC chip, thereby obtaining high appearance quality.
  • the soldering method for the IC card 6 chip and the connecting wire 63 thereof of the present invention enables the cross-over welding of the micro-wire between the IC card 6 chip and its induction coil, which can cross the two layers laid on the common plastic substrate.
  • the micro-wires are subjected to resistance diffusion soldering, and the heat generated during soldering does not cause any damage or deformation of the plastic substrate. This method is the first in the industry.
  • the welding method for connecting the electrode of the battery 7 in the battery pack to the external lead wire of the present invention is suitable for welding between the battery 7 electrode and the external lead in the battery pack of the battery management system, and the welding method is as follows:
  • the pressing piece 2 between the two electrodes 1 is applied with a constant pressure to the copper piece or the copper wire 71 at the welding position 5 from top to bottom, so that the copper piece or the copper wire 71 and the battery 7 there are.
  • the electrodes are closely connected, and at the same time, the current loop between the two electrodes 1 is broken, so that the molten or plastic state copper or copper wire 71 is cooled under the pressure of the pressure piece 2 until crystallization and the copper or copper wire 71 is welded.
  • the output current of the battery pack can be greatly improved.
  • a nickel piece having poor conductivity compared to copper is first soldered as a transition piece to the electrode of the battery 7, and then the copper piece or the copper wire 71 is soldered to the nickel piece.
  • This connection method limits the output current of the battery pack. .
  • the method of the invention can directly solder various metal materials, especially copper sheets or copper wires 71 with good electrical conductivity, to the electrodes of the battery 7, and does not damage the battery 7 nor affect the performance of the battery 7, also The first in the industry. Especially in the application of high-power power battery 7, it will be a breakthrough.
  • the electrode 1 horn used in the various methods of the present invention is composed of two left electrodes 11 and right electrodes 12 juxtaposed in the same direction and sandwiched between the left electrode 11 and the right electrode 12.
  • the pressing piece 2 is configured, and the left electrode 11 and the right electrode 12 are elongated rods, and the upper cross-sectional shape of the two electrodes 1 is circular, semi-circular, rectangular or trapezoidal, and the lower cross-sectional area thereof is gradually reduced, and the lower end surface thereof is
  • the pressure piece 2 is made of a high-resistance high-temperature resistant material and is movable up and down between the two electrodes 1 and has a rectangular lower end surface.
  • the length of the two electrodes 1 may be determined according to the overlapping condition of the weldments to be welded, and may be the same or different.
  • the left electrode 11 and the right electrode 12 are symmetrical, and can also be made asymmetric according to the overlapping condition of the to-be-welded parts.
  • the left electrode 11 and the right electrode 12 are generally made of a special resistance-welded copper alloy due to electrical and wear resistance requirements. It can also be made of other metals or alloys, and the shape is usually a cylinder, but it can also be appropriately changed according to the overlapping condition of the weld to be welded and the shape of the weldment.
  • the thickness and end face shape of the pressure piece 2 can also be changed according to the overlapping condition of the weldment to be welded and the shape of the weldment.
  • the electrode 1 welding head of the present invention preferably has the following structure:
  • the left electrode 11 is disposed in parallel with the right electrode 12, and the upper end of the electrode 1 can be inserted and fixed in a corresponding socket on the welding machine, and a pressure piece 2 made of a conductive ceramic material is interposed between the two electrodes 1
  • the pressing piece 2 separates the two electrodes 1 from each other.
  • the shape is like a wedge shape, which is upper and lower.
  • the left electrode 11 and the right electrode 12 have the same structure and length, and the upper half of the cross-sectional shape is semicircular.
  • the arc is outward, and the surface contacting the pressing piece 2 is a plane, which is called a plane segment.
  • the inwardly concave rectangular groove 13 of the same structure is provided, and the rectangle is provided.
  • the groove 13 extends from top to bottom to the lower middle portion of the electrode 1, and in the lower half of the plane segment, adjacent to the lower end surface, the outer circular arc surface of the two electrodes 1 gradually narrows and forms a shape in which the longitudinal section is an inverted trapezoid
  • the upper end surface is rectangular;
  • the pressing piece 2 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, which is placed in the groove of the two electrodes 1 and can move up and down, the cross-sectional shape of the pressing piece 2 and the two electrodes 1
  • the rectangular through-hole formed by the upper rectangular groove 13 is shaped to have a cross-sectional shape, and the lower portion is adjacent to the lower end portion. Longitudinal cross-sectional shape of an inverted trapezoid, the lower end surface which is rectangular.

Abstract

一种电阻焊方法，该方法先将待焊焊件以上下交叉叠置或重叠的方式搭接在一起，再将两电极（1）同向预压在顶层焊件（3）上构成电流回路。在电极同侧、介于两电极之间，设有与电极平行且可上下移动并对顶层焊件施压的加压片（2）。焊接时，接通焊机电源，电流在顶层焊件中产生电阻热，将顶层焊件加热至熔化或塑性状态，加压片对顶层焊件加压，冷却结晶，释放加压片和两电极的压力，取出焊件即可。一种电极焊头，由两根同向并列设置的左电极（11）、右电极（12）和夹在左电极与右电极之间的加压片构成。该电阻焊方法可以对任何处于搭接状态的金属丝线、线线、线片或片片进行焊接。对IC卡芯片与其感应线圈的焊接和电池组中电池电极与铜片或铜线的直接焊接，可以获得好的效果。

Description

电阻焊方法及其应用和所用的电极焊头 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电阻焊方法及所用焊头，特别涉及一种两电极同向平行设置的电阻焊方法及其电极焊头。
背景技术
电阻焊就是将工件组合后，通过两电极分别对不同的待焊焊件施加压力，利用电流流经待焊焊件之间的接触面及邻近区域产生的电阻热效应将其加热到熔化或塑性状态，使之形成金属结合的一种方法。
常用的电阻焊方法主要有二种，即点焊和缝焊。
点焊
如图1所示，点焊是将焊件装配成搭接接头，并压紧在两柱状电极1之间，利用电阻热熔化母材金属，形成焊点51的电阻焊方法。点焊主要用于薄板焊接。
缝焊
如图2所示，缝焊的过程与点焊相似，只是以旋转的圆盘状滚轮电极1代替柱状电极1，将焊件装配成搭接或对接接头，并置于两滚轮电极1之间，滚轮加压焊件并转动，连续或断续送电，形成一条连续焊缝的电阻焊方法。
缝焊主要用于焊接焊缝较为规则、要求密封的结构，板厚一般在3mm以下。
平衡间隙电阻焊
如图3所示，近些年出现了一种平衡间隙电阻焊，其为一种点焊方式，其是由两根平行分隔设置的电极1，对待焊焊件中以上下重叠方式设置的顶层焊件3和电阻值远低于顶层焊件3的底层焊件4进行焊接。焊接时，两电极1同向施压在顶层焊件3的表面，接通焊机电源后，焊接电流即由高电位电极1——顶层焊件3——底层焊件4——顶层焊件3——低电位电极1形成电流回路，从而在电阻热的作用下，在两电极1施压位置的顶层焊件3与底层焊件4相接处形成焊点51。
上述平衡间隙电阻焊在应用方面仍存在如下不足：
1）对顶层焊件3和底层焊件4的电阻值有一定的要求，即底层焊件4的电阻值要远小于顶层焊件3的电阻值，如此，其适用范围受到了一定限制。
2）当顶层焊件3的电阻值远小于底层焊件4的电阻值时，焊接电流将由顶层焊件3短路，电流不通过底层焊件4，因此，无法将顶层焊件3与底层焊件4焊接在一起。而且，焊接电流经顶层焊件3，在电阻热的作用下，极易将位于两电极1之间的顶层焊件3熔断。
3）对于顶层焊件3与底层焊件4交叉设置状态下，平衡间隙电阻焊就无法派上用场。因为，当两电极1施压于顶层焊件3上时，位于顶层焊件3之下介于两电极1之间的底层焊件4，无法使焊接电流形成电流回路，因此，顶层焊件3与底层焊件4之间不能形成焊点51。另外，该状态下，由于两电极1同向对顶层焊件3施压，也极易造成两电极1之间的顶层焊件3部分上拱而与底层焊件4无法紧密相触。
4）其无法应用于无接触或双界面式IC卡6的制作焊接工艺中，也无法应用于电池7管理系统中电池7电极1与外接引线的焊接工艺。
现有技术中无接触或双界面式IC卡6的制作焊接和电池7电极1与外接引线的焊接方法如下：
A、无接触或双界面式IC卡6，在对其芯片与感应线圈引线62进行焊接时，通常是采用其它焊接方法，诸如热焊、超声焊或激光焊先将感应线圈引线62，焊接在过渡金属薄片上，再通过连接导线63将该过渡金属薄片与IC芯片铜箔61焊接在一起。这些焊接方法均会程度不同的带来如下不足，第一，焊接时温度过高易使IC卡6塑胶片局部变形，影响其外观质量，或者造成IC芯片损坏；第二，焊接不是直接对连线进行焊接，而是还需使用过渡金属薄片作为连接介质，从而，大大提高了材料成本；第三，需要焊接操作员技艺娴熟，否则易产生较多的质量问题；第四，所用焊机昂贵、焊接成本高。
B、电池管理系统的电池组中的电池7与外接引线的焊接，通常是采用其它焊接方法，先将电阻值高于铜材的镍片或其它金属片与所述电池7电极焊在一起，再将外接引线焊在该镍片上。其存在的缺点为，第一，增加了中间过渡焊接片——镍片或其它金属片，因此，提高了材料成本；第二，由于镍的导电性差于铜，由此，该焊接结构大大降低电池组对外输出的电流。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种电阻焊方法，该方法中焊机两电极同向对处于交叉或重叠状态的顶层焊件施压通电，并使两电极之间的顶层焊件处于熔化或塑性状态，经加压片施压便将顶层焊件和底层焊件焊接在一起。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
本发明的电阻焊方法，先将待焊焊件以上下交叉叠置或重叠的方式搭接在一起，再将两电极同向预压在顶层焊件上构成电流回路，所述两电极并列设置于由顶层焊件与底层焊件相触构成的焊接位置两侧，在所述电极同侧、介于两电极之间，设有与所述电极平行且可上下移动并对所述焊接位置施压的由耐温高阻材料制作的加压片，焊接时，采用如下步骤：
1）接通焊机电源，根据顶层焊件的材料特性，将导通电流调节为相对应的预定值，令导通电流由一个电极经顶层焊件再通过另一个电极形成回路；
2）流经两电极间的电流，在该区间的顶层焊件中产生电阻热，当电流导通时间达到预设时间后，该区间的顶层焊件被加热至熔化或塑性状态；
3）同时，加压片由上向下移动触及焊接位置的顶层焊件；
4）令加压片对处于熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件施以恒压，致使所述焊接位置处的顶层焊件与底层焊件紧密相接，同时，断开两电极间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件中的原子在加压片的压力下，向底层焊件的金属晶粒内部扩散，直到冷却结晶，在所述焊接位置形成焊点；
5）释放加压片和两电极对顶层焊件的压力，将其上移归位，取出焊件即可。
所述顶层焊件和底层焊件为金属丝、金属线、金属杆、金属片或金属板。
所述顶层焊件为至少一根金属丝、金属线或金属杆。
所述加压片为陶瓷片、石英材料或胶木材料制作。
所述两电极平行设置，其长度相同。
本发明的用于IC卡芯片与其连接导线的焊接方法，先将连接导线的一端头焊接在IC芯片铜箔上，另一端头焊接在IC感应线圈引线上，所述焊接方法如下，
1）将所述连接导线的一端头与IC芯片铜箔搭接在一起；
2）采用本发明所述的电阻焊方法进行焊接，即将其中的两电极的下端压在所述的连接导线上，连接导线与芯片铜箔的交叉点位于两电极之间；
3）接通焊机电源，使所述交叉点处的连接导线在电阻热的作用下，升温逐渐由固态转为熔化或塑性状态；
4）此时，再将两电极间的加压片由上至下对所述交叉点处的连接导线施以恒压，致使该处的连接导线与芯片铜箔紧密相接，同时，断开两电极间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的连接导线在加压片的压力下冷却直到结晶并与芯片铜箔焊接在一起；
5）释放加压片和两电极对连接导线的压力，将其上移归位；
6）按照上述方法，再将连接导线的另一端头与IC感应线圈引线焊接在一起。
本发明的用于电池组中电池电极与外接导线连接的焊接方法如下，
1）先将铜片或铜线搭接在所焊电池的电极上；
2）采用本发明所述的电阻焊方法进行焊接，即将其中的两电极的下端压在所述的铜片或铜线上，铜片或铜线与电池电极的焊接位置位于两电极之间；
3）接通焊机电源，使所述焊接位置处的铜片或铜线在电阻热的作用下，升温逐渐由固态转为熔化或塑性状态；
4）此时，再将两电极间的加压片由上至下对所述焊接位置处的铜片或铜线施以恒压，致使该处的铜片或铜线与电池电极紧密相接，同时，断开两电极间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的铜片或铜线在加压片的压力下冷却直到结晶并与电池电极焊接在一起；
5）释放加压片和两电极对铜片或铜线的压力，将其上移归位；
6）按照上述方法，将电池组中的其它电池电极与外接导线或导片焊接在一起。
实现本发明所述方法使用的电极焊头，其由两根同向并列设置的左电极、右电极和夹在左电极与右电极之间的加压片构成，左电极和右电极为长条杆件，两电极的截面形状为圆形、半圆形、矩形或梯形；所述加压片由高阻耐高温材料所制，并可在两电极间上下移动。
所述左电极与右电极平行设置，两电极上部截面形状均为半圆形，其相对面为平面，在两平面上均设有相同的向内凹入的矩形槽，该矩形槽由上至下延伸至电极的下部，两电极的下部截面面积还渐缩小，其下端面为矩形，两电极上临近下端面部分的纵截面形状为倒梯形；所述加压片是形状为长方体的陶瓷片，其置于两电极的矩形槽中将左电极与右电极加以分隔并且可在其中上下移动，其下部临近下端面部分的纵截面形状为倒梯形，其下端面为矩形。
所述左电极和右电极长度相同。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用同向并列设置的焊机电极和设置于两电极之间的加压片的结构，利用电阻热在对相搭接或重叠设置的待焊焊件进行焊接时，只需将两电极对其中设置于顶层的焊件施以同向压力并在加压片的协助下，就可将所述待焊焊件焊接在一起。本发明的方法可以对任何处于搭接状态的金属丝线、线线、线片或片片进行焊接，尤其是对IC卡芯片与其感应线圈的焊接和电池组中电池电极与外接引线的焊接，可以获得很好的效果，即用本发明方法焊接后获得的IC卡平整无变形且线线直接焊接，还节省了现有技术中焊接所用的过渡金属片；所获得的电池组由铜片或铜线取代原来的镍片直接与电池电极连接，由此，可大大提高电池组的输出电流。
本发明的电极焊头采用同向并列设置的电极以及置于两电极间可上下移动并对焊件施压的加压片的结构，使得本发明的电阻焊方法可以单向对同一焊件施压通电并进行电阻焊得以实现。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。
图1为现有技术中电阻焊中点焊的示意图。
图2为现有技术中电阻焊中缝焊的示意图。
图3为现有技术中平衡间隙电阻焊的示意图。
图4为本发明电阻焊方法中电极与焊件位置状态示意图。
图5为本发明的用于IC卡芯片与导线焊接状态示意图。
图6为本发明的用于电池组中电池电极与外接引线焊接状态示意图。
图7为本发明的电阻焊方法中所用电极焊头结构示意图。
附图标记：
电极1、左电极11、右电极12、矩形槽13、加压片2、顶层焊件3、底层焊件4、焊接位置5、焊点51、IC卡6、芯片铜箔61、感应线圈引线62、连接导线63、电池7、铜片或铜线71。
具体实施方式
如图4所示，本发明的电阻焊方法，尤其适用于微电子领域中的金属丝线间、线线间、线片间或片片间的焊接，其是先将待焊焊件（待焊焊件可以为金属丝、线、杆、片或板）以上下交叉叠置或重叠的方式搭接在一起（即待焊焊件之间交叉角度可为锐角、直角或上下重叠，位于搭接相触点上方的待焊焊件称顶层焊件3，下方的待焊焊件称底层焊件4，顶层焊件3和底层焊件4均可为单件或多件），再将两电极1预压在待焊焊件上构成电流回路，本发明的所述两电极1为同向并列设置于由顶层焊件3与底层焊件4相触构成的焊接位置5两侧（通常两电极1为同向平行设置，也可根据待焊焊件搭接后的情况进行调整，即两电极1之间可相向或反向倾斜，倾斜角在±3°），并且两电极1预压在待焊焊件的接触点位于顶层焊件3的同一焊件上，电极1与顶层焊件3之间为良性导电相接状态，在电极1同侧并介于两电极1之间，设有与两电极1平行且可上下移动的由高电阻（所述“高电阻”是指该加压片2的电阻值要高于顶层焊件3电阻值，即焊接时，焊接电流是从高位电极1经顶层焊件3再由低位电极1回流，而不能经加压片2短路回流）耐温材料制作的加压片2，焊接时，该加压片2下移触及所述焊接位置5并对顶层焊件3施以恒定压力，即在加压片2的压力下，焊接位置5的顶层焊件3与底层焊件4紧密相触。该加压片2可以由陶瓷制作，也可由石英材料或其它耐高温的胶木材料制作。
焊接时，采用如下步骤：
1）接通焊机电源，根据顶层焊件3材料特性，将导通电流调节为相对应的预定值，令导通电流由一个电极1经顶层焊件3再通过另一个电极1形成回路；
2）流经两电极1间的电流，在该区间的顶层焊件3中产生电阻热，当电流导通时间达到预设时间后，该区间的顶层焊件3被加热至熔化或塑性状态，即被?加热至熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件3内部原子具有一定的扩散能力，由于两电极1仅与顶层焊件3接触，导通电流未流经底层焊件4，原子间空位移动只有单向性，也就是，在底层焊件4中未产生电阻热，其也就不可能处于熔化或塑性状态，如此，既节省电能，又能确保底层焊件4所依托的部件（当该部件为受热易变形材料时）在高温焊接后的完好性；
3）当顶层焊件3为熔化或塑性状态时，令加压片2由上向下移动并触及焊接位置5的顶层焊件3（加压片2也可以在两电极1对顶层焊件3施以压力的同时，对焊接位置5的顶层焊件3施以恒压）；
4）令加压片2对处于熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件3施以恒压（压力大小根据待焊焊件材料特性而定），致使所述焊接位置5处的顶层焊件3与底层焊件4紧密相接，同时，断开两电极1间的电流回路，与此同时，处于熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件3在加压片2压力的作用下，向底层焊件4的金属晶粒内部扩散，从而在顶层焊件3与底层焊件4的交界处临近底层焊件4的金属中形成了固溶体，即使熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件3在加压片2的压力下冷却直到结晶；最终形成由至少两种金属原子混合在一起的由错位墙构成的立晶界，从而使相同或不同待焊焊件金属材料焊接在一起；
5）待顶层焊件3与底层焊件4焊接在一起后，释放加压片2和两电极1对顶层焊件3的压力，将其上移归位，取出焊件即可。
如图5所示，本发明的用于IC卡6芯片与其连接导线63的焊接方法，适用于无接触和双界面式IC卡6的芯片与其连接导线63的焊接。
利用本发明的电阻焊方法，先将连接导线63的一端头焊接在IC芯片铜箔61上，再将另一端头焊接在IC感应线圈引线62上，所述焊接方法如下：
1）将所述连接导线63的一端头搭接在芯片铜箔61；
2）采用本发明前述的电阻焊方法进行焊接，即将其中的两电极1的下端压在所述的连接导线63上；
3）接通焊机电源，使两电极1间的连接导线63在电阻热的作用下，升温逐渐由固态转为熔化或塑性状态；
4）此时，再将两电极1间的加压片2（也可事先将加压片2压在连接导线63上）由上至下对处于熔化或塑性状态的连接导线63施以恒压，致使该处的连接导线63与芯片铜箔61紧密相接，断开两电极1间的电流回路，与此同时，处于熔化或塑性状态的所述连接导线63在压力的作用下，其中的原子向芯片铜箔61的金属晶粒内部扩散，从而在连接导线63与芯片铜箔61的交界处芯片铜箔61表层中形成了固溶体，即使熔化或塑性状态的连接导线63在加压片2的压力下冷却直到结晶，由此，使两者焊接在一起；
5）释放加压片2和两电极1对连接导线63的压力，将其上移归位；
6）按照上述方法，再将连接导线63的另一端头与IC感应线圈引线62以线线交叉的方式搭接并焊接在一起，省却了现有技术中在对IC卡6芯片与连接导线63焊接时，引入过渡金属片的环节。
本发明特点是把传统IC卡6上连线方法彻底更新，特别为双界面卡（combi-card）生产工序提供一个简易、有效及成本低廉的焊接方案（现有技术中的焊接方法是把感应线圈引线62用热焊方法焊在金属薄片上，再用超声焊、激光焊或热焊通过连接导线63将所述金属薄片与IC芯片连接起来，该方法烦琐、环节多、可靠性低且焊接时产生的热量会造成IC卡6塑胶片变形，影响其外观质量）。
为了使本发明方法焊接更快捷、方便，在绕制感应线圈时，可在其首尾预留一至两线尾“一”字型或“Z”字型的待焊线段，通过连接导线63利用本发明焊接方法直接将感应线圈与IC芯片连接在一起。
　　本发明的焊接方法还可与现有技术相结合，对IC卡6芯片与其感应线圈进行如下焊接：
制备金属薄片，将感应线圈引线62预先用热压焊，焊在该金属薄片上，再采用本发明的电阻焊方法，使用连接导线63将IC芯片铜箔61与金属薄片焊接相连。如此，可以大大简化生产工序，改善连接质量及可靠性，同时焊接热量高度集中，不会影响底部及附近塑料主体，也不会造成IC芯片正面的金属层变色氧化，从而，获得高外观质量的IC卡6。
本发明的用于IC卡6芯片与其连接导线63的焊接方法，使IC卡6芯片与其感应线圈间微导线交叉跨越焊接得以实现，其能将铺设在普通塑料底板上的两根互相交叉跨越过的微细导线进行电阻扩散焊接，而且焊接时产生的热量不会使所述塑料底板受到任何损伤或变形，该方法是本行业中的首创。
如图6所示，本发明的用于电池组中电池7电极与外接导线连接的焊接方法，适用于电池管理系统电池组中电池7电极与外接引线之间的焊接，其焊接方法如下：
1）先将铜片或铜线71搭接在所焊电池7的电极上（即正极和负极）；
2）采用本发明的电阻焊方法进行焊接，即将其中的两电极1的下端压在所述铜片或铜线71上，铜片或铜线71与电池7电极的焊接位置5位于两电极1之间；
3）接通焊机电源，使所述焊接位置5处的铜片或铜线71在电阻热的作用下，升温逐渐由固态转为熔化或塑性状态；
4）此时，再将两电极1间的加压片2由上至下对所述焊接位置5处的铜片或铜线71施以恒压，致使该处的铜片或铜线71与电池7电极紧密相接，同时，断开两电极1间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的铜片或铜线71在加压片2的压力下冷却直到结晶并将铜片或铜线71焊接在电池7电极上；
5）释放加压片2和两电极1对铜片或铜线71的压力，将其上移归位；
6）按照上述方法，对电池组中的其它电池7电极进行焊接。
本发明的方法应用于电池组电池7与其外引线的焊接时，可大大提高电池组的输出电流。
现有技术中是先将导电性能较铜材差的镍片作为过渡件焊接在电池7电极上，再将铜片或铜线71与镍片进行焊接，该连接方式使电池组输出电流受到限制。
本发明的方法可将各种金属材料特别是导电性能好的铜片或铜线71直接焊接在电池7电极上，并且不会使电池7受损，也不会影响电池7的性能，同样是本行业中的首创。特别在大功率动力电池7应用上，将会是一个突破。
如图7所示，本发明所述的各种方法中使用的电极1焊头，是由两根同向并列设置的左电极11、右电极12和夹在左电极11与右电极12之间的加压片2构成，左电极11和右电极12为长条杆件，两电极1的上部截面形状为圆形、半圆形、矩形或梯形，其下部截面面积逐渐缩小，其下端面为矩形；所述加压片2由高阻耐高温材料所制，并可在两电极1间上下移动，其下端面为矩形。
两电极1的长度可根据待焊焊件的搭接情况而定，可以相同，也可以不同。
左电极11和右电极12对称，也可根据待焊焊件的搭接情况制作成不对称，左电极11和右电极12一般因导电及耐磨损要求，以特殊电阻焊铜合金制成，也可使用其它金属或合金制成，外形通常为圆柱体，但也可根据待焊焊件的搭接情况以及焊件的形状做适当变动。加压片2的厚度及端面形状，也可根据待焊焊件的搭接情况以及焊件的形状做相应的变动。
本发明的所述电极1焊头优选如下结构：
所述左电极11与右电极12平行设置，电极1的上端可插入并固定在焊机上相应的插孔中，在两电极1之间夹置有导电陶瓷材料制作的加压片2，加压片2将两电极1分隔绝缘，当三者合拢后，形状似楔子形，为上大下小，左电极11与右电极12结构和长短相同，其上半部截面形状均为半圆形，圆弧向外，其与加压片2相触的表面为平面，称为平面段，在两平面段的上半部，均设有相同结构的向内凹入的矩形槽13，该矩形槽13由上至下延伸至电极1的中下部，在所述平面段的下半部，临近下端面的部分，两电极1的外圆弧面渐渐收窄并形成纵截面是倒梯形的形状（即上大下小），其下端面为长方形；所述加压片2形状为长方体，其置于两电极1的凹槽中且可上下移动，加压片2的截面形状与两电极1上的矩形槽13合拢后形成的矩形通孔截面形状适配，其下部临近下端面部分的纵截面形状为倒梯形，其下端面为长方形。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下做出若干等同替代或明显变型，而且性能或用途相同，都应当视为属于本发明由所提交的权利要求书确定的专利保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电阻焊方法，先将待焊焊件以上下交叉叠置或重叠的方式搭接在一起，再将两电极（1）同向预压在顶层焊件（3）上构成电流回路，其特征在于：所述两电极（1）并列设置于由顶层焊件（3）与底层焊件（4）相触构成的焊接位置（5）两侧，在所述电极（1）同侧、介于两电极（1）之间，设有与所述电极（1）平行且可上下移动并对所述焊接位置（5）施压的由耐温高阻材料制作的加压片（2），焊接时，采用如下步骤：
    1）接通焊机电源，根据顶层焊件（3）的材料特性，将导通电流调节为相对应的预定值，令导通电流由一个电极（1）经顶层焊件（3）再通过另一个电极（1）形成回路；
    2）流经两电极（1）间的电流，在该区间的顶层焊件（3）中产生电阻热，当电流导通时间达到预设时间后，该区间的顶层焊件（3）被加热至熔化或塑性状态；
    3）同时，加压片（2）由上向下移动触及焊接位置（5）的顶层焊件（3）；
    4）令加压片（2）对处于熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件（3）施以恒压，致使所述焊接位置（5）处的顶层焊件（3）与底层焊件（4）紧密相接，同时，断开两电极（1）间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的顶层焊件（3）中的原子在加压片（2）的压力下，向底层焊件（4）的金属晶粒内部扩散，直到冷却结晶，在所述焊接位置（5）形成焊点（51）；
    5）释放加压片（2）和两电极（1）对顶层焊件（3）的压力，将其上移归位，取出焊件即可。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电阻焊方法，其特征在于：所述顶层焊件（3）和底层焊件（4）为金属丝、金属线、金属杆、金属片或金属板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电阻焊方法，其特征在于：所述顶层焊件（3）为至少一根金属丝、金属线或金属杆。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电阻焊方法，其特征在于：所述加压片（2）为陶瓷片、石英材料或胶木材料制作。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电阻焊方法，其特征在于：所述两电极（1）平行设置，其长度相同。
  6. 一种用于IC卡芯片与其连接导线的焊接方法，先将连接导线（63）的一端头焊接在IC芯片铜箔（61）上，另一端头焊接在IC感应线圈引线（62）上，其特征在于：所述焊接方法如下，
    1）将所述连接导线（63）的一端头与IC芯片铜箔（61）搭接在一起；
    2）采用权利要求1所述的电阻焊方法进行焊接，即将其中的两电极（1）的下端压在所述的连接导线（63）上，连接导线（63）与芯片铜箔（61）的交叉点位于两电极（1）之间；
    3）接通焊机电源，使所述交叉点处的连接导线（63）在电阻热的作用下，升温逐渐由固态转为熔化或塑性状态；
    4）此时，再将两电极（1）间的加压片（2）由上至下对所述交叉点处的连接导线（63）施以恒压，致使该处的连接导线（63）与芯片铜箔（61）紧密相接，同时，断开两电极（1）间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的连接导线（63）在加压片（2）的压力下冷却直到结晶并与芯片铜箔（61）焊接在一起；
    5）释放加压片（2）和两电极（1）对连接导线（63）的压力，将其上移归位；
    6）按照上述方法，再将连接导线（63）的另一端头与IC感应线圈引线（62）焊接在一起。
  7. 一种用于电池组中电池电极与外接导线连接的焊接方法，其特征在于：
    1）先将铜片或铜线（71）搭接在所焊电池（7）的电极上；
    2）采用权利要求1所述的电阻焊方法进行焊接，即将其中的两电极（1）的下端压在所述的铜片或铜线（71）上，铜片或铜线（71）与电池（7）电极的焊接位置（5）位于两电极（1）之间；
    3）接通焊机电源，使所述焊接位置（5）处的铜片或铜线（71）在电阻热的作用下，升温逐渐由固态转为熔化或塑性状态；
    4）此时，再将两电极（1）间的加压片（2）由上至下对所述焊接位置（5）处的铜片或铜线（71）施以恒压，致使该处的铜片或铜线（71）与电池（7）电极紧密相接，同时，断开两电极（1）间的电流回路，使熔化或塑性状态的铜片或铜线（71）在加压片（2）的压力下冷却直到结晶并与电池（7）电极焊接在一起；
    5）释放加压片（2）和两电极（1）对铜片或铜线（71）的压力，将其上移归位；
    6）按照上述方法，将电池组中的其它电池（7）电极与外接导线或导片焊接在一起。
  8. 一种实现权利要求1—7中任一项所述方法使用的电极焊头，其特征在于：其由两根同向并列设置的左电极（11）、右电极（12）和夹在左电极（11）与右电极（12）之间的加压片（2）构成，左电极（11）和右电极（12）为长条杆件，两电极（1）的截面形状为圆形、半圆形、矩形或梯形；所述加压片（2）由高阻耐高温材料所制，并可在两电极（1）间上下移动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电极焊头，其特征在于：所述左电极（11）与右电极（12）平行设置，两电极（1）上部截面形状均为半圆形，其相对面为平面，在两平面上均设有相同的向内凹入的矩形槽（13），该矩形槽（13）由上至下延伸至电极（1）的下部，两电极（1）的下部截面面积还渐缩小，其下端面为矩形，两电极（1）上临近下端面部分的纵截面形状为倒梯形；所述加压片（2）是形状为长方体的陶瓷片，其置于两电极（1）的矩形槽（13）中将左电极（11）与右电极（12）加以分隔并且可在其中上下移动，其下部临近下端面部分的纵截面形状为倒梯形，其下端面为矩形。
  10. 根据权利要求8—9中任一项所述的电极焊头，其特征在于：所述左电极（11）和右电极（12）长度相同。
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