WO2014185072A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物およびその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法、並びに、リチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物およびその製造方法、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法、並びに、リチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014185072A1 WO2014185072A1 PCT/JP2014/002554 JP2014002554W WO2014185072A1 WO 2014185072 A1 WO2014185072 A1 WO 2014185072A1 JP 2014002554 W JP2014002554 W JP 2014002554W WO 2014185072 A1 WO2014185072 A1 WO 2014185072A1
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- lithium ion
- ion secondary
- secondary battery
- positive electrode
- binder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2203—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of lithium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a method for producing a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, and a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the present invention relates to a manufacturing method and a lithium ion secondary battery.
- Lithium ion secondary batteries are small and light, have high energy density, and can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and are used in a wide range of applications. Therefore, in recent years, improvement of battery members such as electrodes has been studied for the purpose of further improving the performance of lithium ion secondary batteries.
- a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery usually includes a current collector and an electrode mixture layer (positive electrode mixture layer) formed on the current collector.
- the positive electrode mixture layer is formed, for example, by applying a slurry composition obtained by dispersing a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, a binder, or the like in a dispersion medium on a current collector and drying it.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- a copolymer containing an acidic functional group-containing monomer unit or the like is used.
- a dispersion medium used for preparing the slurry composition an organic dispersion medium such as N-methylpyrrolidone is used.
- a slurry composition having excellent dispersibility of a compounded material such as a binder is required. It has been.
- the slurry composition using the conventional binder has a problem that aggregates and gels are generated, and the dispersibility of the blended material is lowered. And in the positive electrode prepared using the slurry composition with low dispersibility, the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery could not be sufficiently improved.
- the generation of aggregates and gels in the slurry composition occurs particularly when a positive electrode active material containing nickel (Ni) or manganese (Mn) is used for the purpose of obtaining a high-capacity lithium ion secondary battery. It was easy.
- the present invention provides a binder composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery that can suppress the generation of aggregates and gels, and is excellent in dispersibility and sufficiently improves the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery capable of sufficiently improving the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery excellent in electrical characteristics. Objective.
- the inventors of the present invention provide a lithium ion having a predetermined weight average molecular weight and a binder containing a predetermined amount of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group, and a predetermined amount of lithium.
- a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode prepared by using a binder composition for a secondary battery positive electrode, it was found that the generation of aggregates and gels was suppressed, and good dispersibility was obtained. Was completed.
- the present invention aims to advantageously solve the above-mentioned problems, and the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode according to the present invention includes a binder and an organic dispersion medium.
- the binder has a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 2,000,000, and the binder contains 10 to 35% by mass of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group, It is characterized by containing 0.6 to 1.5 equivalents of lithium with respect to the acidic group.
- the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes of this invention contains the said binder composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes, a positive electrode active material, and a electrically conductive material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
- a binder having a predetermined weight average molecular weight and containing a predetermined amount of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group is used, and the binding group has an acidic group.
- the slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery that can suppress the generation of aggregates and gels and is excellent in dispersibility Is obtained. And if the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries prepared using the said slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes is used, the electrical property of a lithium ion secondary battery can fully be improved.
- the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention preferably has a TI value (ratio of viscosity at 6 rpm to viscosity at 60 rpm) of 1 to 4 measured with a B-type viscometer. If the TI value of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition is 1 or more and 4 or less, the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition can be satisfactorily applied to a substrate such as a current collector. Therefore, a uniform positive electrode mixture layer can be formed.
- a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery having a uniform positive electrode mixture layer is prepared to further improve the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery. Can be made.
- the binder contains 50 to 85% by mass of a (meth) acrylate monomer unit.
- the content of the (meth) acrylate monomer unit is 50 to 85% by mass, a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition having excellent coating properties can be obtained, and the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode The flexibility of the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery prepared using the slurry composition for a battery can be improved.
- the acidic group preferably contains at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a sulfonic acid group.
- the acidic group contains at least one of a carboxylic acid group and a sulfonic acid group, the dispersibility of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode can be further improved.
- the degree of swelling of the electrolytic solution of the binder is preferably 1 to 5 times. If the electrolyte swelling degree is 1 to 5 times, sufficient peel strength of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery prepared using the slurry composition for positive electrode of lithium ion secondary battery is ensured, and cycle characteristics are reduced. Can be suppressed.
- the said positive electrode active material is lithium nickel complex oxide.
- the generation of aggregates and gels is sufficiently suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to achieve a sufficiently high capacity of a lithium ion secondary battery using a lithium nickel composite oxide as a positive electrode active material and using a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery.
- lithium nickel composite oxide refers to a lithium-containing composite oxide of Co—Ni—Mn, a lithium-containing composite oxide of Ni—Mn—Al, and a lithium-containing composite oxide of Ni—Co—Al. It refers to a lithium-containing composite oxide containing nickel, such as a product.
- the manufacturing method of the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes of this invention contains a binder and an organic dispersion medium.
- the lithium dispersion is added to the aqueous dispersion to adjust the pH to 7.5 or more, the weight average molecular weight is 100,000 to 2,000,000, and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group Contains 10-35 mass% body units
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries of this invention is any of the said slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes.
- a positive electrode mixture layer is formed on the current collector by coating the current on the current collector and drying.
- the positive electrode mixture layer is formed using the above-described slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, the lithium ion secondary battery that can sufficiently improve the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery.
- a positive electrode for a battery is obtained.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of this invention is a positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries obtained by the said manufacturing method, a negative electrode, And an electrolyte solution and a separator.
- the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries obtained by the manufacturing method mentioned above is used, the lithium ion secondary battery excellent in an electrical property will be obtained.
- the binder composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes which can suppress generation
- a slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery capable of being obtained is obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries which can fully improve the electrical property of a lithium ion secondary battery is obtained.
- a lithium ion secondary battery having excellent electrical characteristics can be obtained.
- the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention can be used when preparing the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention.
- the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes of this invention can be manufactured, for example using the manufacturing method of the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes of this invention, The positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery Used when forming.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries of this invention manufactures the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries using the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes of this invention.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is characterized by using a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery obtained by the method for producing a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention.
- the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention includes a binder and an organic dispersion medium.
- the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention comprises an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 2,000,000 and having an acidic group.
- a polymer containing 10 to 35% by mass is used as a binder, and 0.6 to 1.5 equivalents of lithium with respect to acidic groups is further contained.
- weight average molecular weight refers to a polystyrene-reduced weight average molecular weight measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- including a monomer unit means “a monomer-derived structural unit is contained in a polymer obtained by using the monomer”.
- the binder is produced by forming a positive electrode mixture layer on a current collector using a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode including the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention.
- the component contained in the positive electrode mixture layer is a component that can be held so as not to be detached from the positive electrode mixture layer.
- the binder in the positive electrode mixture layer is immersed in the electrolytic solution, the positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material and the conductive material, or between the conductive materials absorb the electrolytic solution and swell. To prevent the positive electrode active material and the like from falling off the current collector.
- the binder used in the binder composition for the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention comprises a polymer that can be dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent as an organic dispersion medium.
- organic solvent examples include N-methyl Examples include pyrrolidone.
- a polymer may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the weight average molecular weight of the binder used for the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention needs to be 100,000 or more and 2,000,000 or less, and is 250,000 or more. It is preferably 500,000 or more, more preferably 700,000 or more, particularly preferably 1,750,000 or less, and further preferably 1,500,000 or less. 1,300,000 or less is particularly preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight of the binder is less than 100,000, the dispersibility of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode prepared using the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode decreases, The binding power is reduced.
- the content of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group needs to be 10% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less, and is 15% by mass or more. Is preferably 30% by mass or less, and more preferably 20% by mass or less.
- the content ratio of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group is less than 10% by mass or more than 35% by mass
- lithium prepared using the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode Aggregates are generated in the slurry composition for an ion secondary battery positive electrode, and the dispersibility of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is lowered.
- a part or all of the acidic groups of the polymer usually form a salt with lithium described later.
- the monomer capable of forming the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group is, for example, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group such as a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a phosphoric acid group, or a maleimide group. If it is a saturated monomer, it will not specifically limit.
- ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a carboxylic acid group as an acidic group include unsaturated monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and crotonic acid; ethylene such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid.
- unsaturated monocarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and crotonic acid
- ethylene such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, and itaconic acid.
- Unsaturated dicarboxylic acids partially esterified products of ethylenically unsaturated polyvalent carboxylic acids such as monomethyl maleate and monoethyl itaconate.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic acid group as an acidic group include ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acids such as vinyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, and methallyl sulfonic acid; 2-acrylamide-2 -Methylpropanesulfonic acid, sulfobis- (3-sulfopropyl) itaconic acid ester and the like.
- ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a phosphate group as an acidic group include vinyl phosphonic acid, vinyl phosphate, bis (methacryloxyethyl) phosphate, diphenyl-2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate-3-allyloxy-2 -Hydroxypropane phosphate and the like.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a maleimide group as an acidic group include N-vinylmaleimide and N- (4-vinylphenyl) maleimide.
- an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group is used.
- an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic acid group such as methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, itaconic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
- methacrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid are particularly preferred.
- the ethylenic unsaturated monomer which has the acidic group mentioned above may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the electrical properties of the lithium ion secondary battery manufactured using the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition, which is prepared by using the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode binder composition and having improved dispersibility From the viewpoint of improving the characteristics, as the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic acid group such as methacrylic acid is used alone, or methacrylic acid or the like is used.
- an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxylic acid group and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic acid group such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
- the polymer used as the binder has a carboxylic acid group.
- the ratio of the amount of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group to the total amount of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit and the ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having a sulfonic acid group is 20% by mass or less. It is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less.
- any polymer having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having a weight average molecular weight and an acidic group as described above for example, A diene polymer, an acrylic polymer, a fluoropolymer, a silicon polymer, and the like can be used. Among them, an acrylic polymer is preferably used because of excellent oxidation resistance.
- the acrylic polymer used as the binder is a polymer containing a (meth) acrylate monomer unit.
- a polymer containing a (meth) acrylate monomer unit and further containing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitrile monomer unit is preferable.
- the acrylic polymer containing the monomer unit By using the acrylic polymer containing the monomer unit, the flexibility and binding force of the binder can be further improved.
- “(meth) acryl” means acryl and / or methacryl.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylate monomer that can be used in the production of the acrylic polymer include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, t-butyl acrylate, pentyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, Acrylic acid alkyl esters such as heptyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, nonyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, n-tetradecyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate; methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n -Butyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, pentyl methacrylate, hexy
- the alkyl group bonded to the non-carbonyl oxygen atom preferably has 4 to 13 carbon atoms, more preferably n-butyl acrylate or 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and particularly preferably 2-ethylhexyl acrylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content ratio of the (meth) acrylate monomer unit in the acrylic polymer suitably used as the polymer is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 55% by mass or more, still more preferably 60% by mass or more, particularly preferably. Is 65% by mass or more, preferably 85% by mass or less, more preferably 80% by mass or less, still more preferably 75% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 70% by mass or less.
- the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries obtained using the prepared slurry composition for positive electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries can be made difficult to break. Further, by making the content ratio 85% by mass or less, it is possible to improve the mechanical strength and binding property as a polymer, and to prepare using a binder composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the lithium-ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition has a good coating property, and the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition manufactured using the lithium-ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition has an electric capacity such as initial capacity and rate characteristics. Characteristics can be improved.
- Examples of the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitrile monomer include acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ⁇ -chloroacrylonitrile, ⁇ -ethylacrylonitrile and the like.
- acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile are preferable and acrylonitrile is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of improving mechanical strength and binding properties.
- these may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content ratio of the ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated nitrile monomer unit in the acrylic polymer suitably used as the binder is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more, and further preferably 14% by mass. It is above, Preferably it is 30 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 25 mass% or less, More preferably, it is 20 mass% or less, Most preferably, it is 17 mass% or less.
- the acrylic polymer suitably used as the binder may contain a crosslinkable monomer unit in addition to the monomer unit described above.
- the crosslinkable monomer include a monomer containing an epoxy group, a monomer containing a carbon-carbon double bond and an epoxy group, a monomer containing a halogen atom and an epoxy group, and N-methylol.
- examples thereof include a monomer containing an amide group, a monomer containing an oxetanyl group, a monomer containing an oxazoline group, and a polyfunctional monomer having two or more olefinic double bonds.
- the content ratio of the crosslinkable monomer unit in the acrylic polymer is preferably more than 0% by mass, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the acrylic polymer may contain monomer units derived from monomers other than those described above.
- monomer units include polymerized units derived from vinyl monomers and hydroxyl group-containing monomer units.
- vinyl monomers include carboxylic acid esters having two or more carbon-carbon double bonds such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate; monomers containing halogen atoms such as vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride; vinyl acetate Vinyl esters such as vinyl propionate and vinyl butyrate; vinyl ethers such as methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, and butyl vinyl ether; vinyl ketones such as methyl vinyl ketone, ethyl vinyl ketone, butyl vinyl ketone, hexyl vinyl ketone, and isopropenyl vinyl ketone And heterocycle-containing vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyridine and vinylimidazole.
- hydroxyl group-containing monomer examples include ethylenically unsaturated alcohols such as (meth) allyl alcohol, 3-buten-1-ol and 5-hexen-1-ol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and acrylic acid-2- Ethylenic acids such as hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, di-2-hydroxyethyl maleate, di-4-hydroxybutyl maleate and di-2-hydroxypropyl itaconate
- Alkanol esters of saturated carboxylic acids general formula CH 2 ⁇ CR 1 —COO— (C n H 2n-1 O) m —H (m is an integer from 2 to 9, n is an integer from 2 to 4,
- R 1 is 2-hydroxyethyl-2 ′-(meth) ester of polyalkylene glycol represented by (representing hydrogen or methyl group) and (meth) acrylic acid )
- (meth) allyl means allyl and / or methallyl
- “(meth) acryloyl” means acryloyl and / or methacryloyl. And these may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content ratio of the polymer unit derived from the vinyl monomer and the hydroxyl group-containing monomer unit in the acrylic polymer is preferably more than 0% by mass, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- a polymer that can be used as a binder such as the acrylic polymer described above preferably has an electrolyte swelling degree of 1 to 5 times, more preferably 4 times or less, and 3 times. More preferably, it is more preferably 2 times or less. If electrolyte solution swelling degree is 1 time or more, the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode prepared using the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode containing the binder composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is lithium. It can suppress that a polymer melt
- the degree of swelling of the electrolyte is 5 times or less, the degree of swelling of the binder with respect to the electrolyte is set to an appropriate level, and the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode containing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode
- the electrical characteristics such as the cycle characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery produced using the slurry composition can be ensured.
- the degree of swelling can be appropriately adjusted by changing the polymer preparation conditions (for example, the monomers used, the polymerization conditions, etc.).
- the “electrolyte swelling degree” can be measured by using the measuring method described in the examples of the present specification.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer which can be used as a binder is lithium produced using a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode including a binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode. It can be appropriately adjusted within a range in which the strength and flexibility of the positive electrode for an ion secondary battery can be ensured, for example, 50 ° C. or less, more preferably ⁇ 50 ° C. to 10 ° C.
- the production method of the polymer that can be used as the binder such as the above-mentioned acrylic polymer is not particularly limited, and any one of, for example, solution polymerization method, suspension polymerization method, bulk polymerization method, emulsion polymerization method, etc.
- the method may be used.
- an emulsion polymerization method using an emulsifier is preferable.
- addition polymerization such as ionic polymerization, radical polymerization, living radical polymerization and the like can be used.
- the polymerization initiator known polymerization initiators such as those described in JP 2012-184201 A can be used.
- the polymer mentioned above is normally manufactured in the state of the dispersion liquid disperse
- the polymer is obtained as an aqueous dispersion of a polymer by polymerizing a monomer composition obtained by blending the above-described monomers at a desired ratio in water.
- the polymer obtained in the state of the aqueous dispersion is obtained by, for example, treating a lithium compound described later with water as described in detail in the section “(Method for producing slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode)”.
- a binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode After adding a predetermined amount to the dispersion and adjusting the pH, water is replaced with an organic dispersion medium to obtain a binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, and then a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is prepared. Used for. In addition, the abundance ratio of each monomer unit in the polymer is substantially equal to the blending ratio of each monomer.
- the binder in the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, preferably 10 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material. More preferably, it is 5 parts by mass or less.
- the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode obtained by using the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode containing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is adjusted to lithium ion by adjusting the amount to 10 parts by mass or less.
- the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention needs to contain 0.6 equivalents or more and 1.5 equivalents or less of lithium with respect to the acidic group of the binder described above. Yes, preferably 0.7 equivalents or more of lithium, more preferably 0.8 equivalents or more of lithium, more preferably 1.2 equivalents or less of lithium, 1.0 equivalents or less More preferably, lithium is contained.
- a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry using a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode binder composition is used.
- the composition When the composition is prepared, aggregates are generated and the dispersibility of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is lowered.
- the solubility of the polymer as the binder in the organic dispersion medium is reduced, and the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is used.
- Aggregates are generated in the slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery prepared using the binder composition.
- the “equivalent” refers to the molar equivalent of lithium necessary for neutralizing the acidic group of the binder.
- lithium adds lithium compounds, such as lithium hydroxide, lithium carbonate, lithium hydrogencarbonate, with respect to the aqueous dispersion liquid of the polymer (binder) mentioned above,
- the aqueous dispersion liquid to which the said lithium compound was added is added. It can be made to contain in a binder composition by using and preparing the binder composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes.
- the lithium in the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode exists, for example, in the form of lithium ions, and part or all of the lithium forms an acid group and a salt of the binder.
- organic dispersion medium used for the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode
- an organic solvent having a polarity capable of dispersing or dissolving the binder can be used.
- acetonitrile, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetylpyridine, cyclopentanone, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, methylformamide, methyl ethyl ketone, furfural, ethylenediamine, and the like can be used as the organic solvent.
- N-methylpyrrolidone is most preferable as the organic solvent from the viewpoints of ease of handling, safety, and ease of synthesis.
- the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention is an organic slurry composition using an organic solvent as a dispersion medium, the above-described binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a positive electrode active material, And a conductive material.
- blended with the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes a well-known positive electrode active material can be used, without being specifically limited.
- a compound containing a transition metal for example, a transition metal oxide, a transition metal sulfide, a composite metal oxide of lithium and a transition metal, or the like can be used.
- a transition metal Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo etc. are mentioned, for example.
- transition metal oxide for example, MnO, MnO 2 , V 2 O 5 , V 6 O 13 , TiO 2 , Cu 2 V 2 O 3 , amorphous V 2 O—P 2 O 5 , amorphous Examples include MoO 3 , amorphous V 2 O 5 , and amorphous V 6 O 13 .
- the composite metal oxide of lithium and transition metal include a lithium-containing composite metal oxide having a layered structure, a lithium-containing composite metal oxide having a spinel structure, and a lithium-containing composite metal oxide having an olivine structure. It is done.
- lithium-containing composite metal oxide having a layered structure examples include lithium-containing cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ), lithium-containing nickel oxide (LiNiO 2 ), Co—Ni—Mn lithium-containing composite oxide, and Ni—Mn.
- LiCoO 2 lithium-containing cobalt oxide
- LiNiO 2 lithium-containing nickel oxide
- Co—Ni—Mn lithium-containing composite oxide lithium-containing composite oxide
- Ni—Mn lithium-containing composite oxide of -Al
- LiMaO 2 and Li 2 MbO 3 examples include xLiMaO 2. (1-x) Li 2 MbO 3 .
- x represents a number satisfying 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1
- Ma represents one or more transition metals having an average oxidation state of 3+
- Mb represents one or more transition metals having an average oxidation state of 4+.
- lithium-containing composite metal oxide having a spinel structure examples include lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ) and compounds in which a part of Mn of lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ) is substituted with another transition metal.
- LiMn 2 O 4 lithium manganate
- LiMn 2 O 4 compounds in which a part of Mn of lithium manganate
- a specific example is Li s [Mn 2 -t Mc t ] O 4 .
- Mc represents one or more transition metals having an average oxidation state of 4+.
- Specific examples of Mc include Ni, Co, Fe, Cu, and Cr.
- T represents a number satisfying 0 ⁇ t ⁇ 1, and s represents a number satisfying 0 ⁇ s ⁇ 1.
- a lithium-excess spinel compound represented by Li 1 + x Mn 2 ⁇ x O 4 (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2) can also be used.
- Examples of the lithium-containing composite metal oxide having an olivine type structure include olivine type phosphorus represented by Li y MdPO 4 such as olivine type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) and olivine type lithium manganese phosphate (LiMnPO 4 ).
- An acid lithium compound is mentioned.
- Md represents one or more transition metals having an average oxidation state of 3+, and examples thereof include Mn, Fe, and Co.
- Y represents a number satisfying 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2.
- Md may be partially substituted with another metal. Examples of the metal that can be substituted include Cu, Mg, Zn, V, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ti, Al, Si, B, and Mo.
- a positive electrode active material It is preferable to use lithium-containing cobalt oxide (LiCoO 2 ) or olivine type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ).
- a lithium nickel composite oxide is used as a positive electrode active material. It is preferable to use a positive electrode active material containing at least one of Mn and Ni such as a product.
- LiNiO 2 Lithium-excess spinel compound, Li [Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 ] O 2 , Li [Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 ] O 2 , Li [Ni 0.17 Li 0.2 Co 0.07 Mn 0.56 ] O 2, etc. Is more preferably used as the positive electrode active material, and Li [Ni 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 ] O 2 is particularly preferably used as the positive electrode active material.
- the positive electrode active material containing at least one of Mn and Ni alkali components such as lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH) used at the time of manufacture remain, so that the positive electrode When an active material is used, gels and aggregates are likely to be generated in the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, usually due to alkali content.
- a predetermined binder is used, and the lithium content in the binder composition is within a predetermined range. Is suppressed, and the dispersibility can be improved.
- the compounding amount and particle size of the positive electrode active material are not particularly limited, and can be the same as those of conventionally used positive electrode active materials.
- the conductive material is for ensuring electrical contact between the positive electrode active materials.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited, and a known conductive material can be used. Specifically, as the conductive material, acetylene black, ketjen black (registered trademark), furnace black, graphite, carbon fiber, carbon flake, carbon ultrashort fiber (for example, carbon nanotube, vapor grown carbon fiber, etc.), etc.
- Conductive carbon materials various metal fibers, foils and the like can be used. Among these, the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery using the positive electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery formed by using the slurry composition for the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery by improving the electrical contact between the positive electrode active materials.
- acetylene black is particularly preferably used.
- these electrically conductive materials may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more types.
- the blending amount of the conductive material is preferably 1 part by mass or more, more preferably 1.2 parts by mass or more, and preferably 3 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the positive electrode active material. It is more preferable that it is 2.8 parts by mass or less. If the blending amount of the conductive material is too small, sufficient electrical contact between the positive electrode active materials cannot be ensured, and sufficient electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery cannot be ensured. On the other hand, when the blending amount of the conductive material is too large, the stability of the slurry composition for the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is lowered and the density of the positive electrode mixture layer in the positive electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery is lowered. The secondary battery cannot have a sufficiently high capacity.
- the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention includes, for example, a viscosity modifier, a reinforcing material, an antioxidant, an electrolyte additive having a function of suppressing decomposition of the electrolyte, and the like. It may contain components. As these other components, known ones can be used.
- the slurry composition of the present invention has a TI value (viscosity at 6 rpm / viscosity at 60 rpm) of 1 or more as a ratio of the viscosity at 6 rpm to the viscosity at 60 rpm measured with a B-type viscometer. Is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.4 or more, preferably 4 or less, more preferably 3.8 or less, and 3.6 or less. More preferably. If the TI value of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition is 1 or more and 4 or less, the coating amount of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition when forming the positive electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery is stabilized.
- a uniform positive electrode mixture layer can be formed.
- a lithium ion secondary battery excellent in electrical characteristics can be obtained.
- the TI value is less than 1, the dilatancy of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition increases and the fluidity during application deteriorates, so that it is difficult to stabilize the application amount. .
- the TI value exceeds 4, it becomes difficult to smoothly apply the slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery to a base material such as a current collector.
- the “TI value” can be measured using the measuring method described in the examples of the present specification.
- the viscosity at 6 rpm is preferably 1000 mPa ⁇ s or more. It is more preferably 1800 mPa ⁇ s or more, further preferably 2800 mPa ⁇ s or more, preferably 20000 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 17000 mPa ⁇ s or less, and 14000 mPa ⁇ s or less. More preferably.
- the viscosity at 60 rpm is preferably 1000 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 1500 mPa ⁇ s or more, further preferably 2000 mPa ⁇ s or more, and 5000 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- it is 4500 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 4000 mPa ⁇ s or less.
- the TI value and viscosity of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition are, for example, the solid content concentration in the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition, the blending ratio of each component described above, and the binder. It can be adjusted by changing the molecular weight of the polymer used. Specifically, for example, when the molecular weight of the polymer used as the binder is increased, the TI value increases, and when the amount of acidic groups in the polymer used as the binder is increased, the TI value decreases.
- the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention can be prepared by dispersing each of the above components in an organic solvent as a dispersion medium.
- the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is prepared, for example, by preparing in advance a binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode containing a binder and an organic solvent as an organic dispersion medium.
- lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode binder composition preparation step then lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode binder composition, positive electrode active material, conductive material, optionally other components and additions It can be prepared by mixing with an organic dispersion medium (mixing step).
- a known mixer such as a ball mill, a sand mill, a bead mill, a pigment disperser, a crusher, an ultrasonic disperser, a homogenizer, a planetary mixer, or a fill mix can be used.
- the additional organic dispersion medium the same organic dispersion medium used for preparing the binder composition for the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery can be used.
- the binder composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes mentioned above can be prepared as follows, for example. That is, as described above, the polymer used as the binder is obtained in the state of an aqueous dispersion.
- the binder composition for a positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention needs to contain 0.6 to 1.5 equivalents of lithium with respect to the acidic group of the binder.
- a polymer used as a binder for example, lithium hydroxide or the like is used for an aqueous dispersion having a pH of about 3.5.
- the lithium compound is added so that lithium has a predetermined equivalent to the acidic group, and the pH of the aqueous dispersion is adjusted to 7.5 or more.
- a polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 to 2,000,000 and containing 10 to 35% by mass of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group, and 0 to the acidic group A pH-adjusted aqueous dispersion containing 6 to 1.5 equivalents of lithium is obtained.
- pH adjustment may be performed using only a lithium compound, and may be performed using other compounds, such as sodium hydroxide. Thereafter, the water in the pH-adjusted water dispersion is replaced with an organic dispersion medium.
- the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention containing lithium is provided.
- the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes containing the binder composition for said lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes can be prepared easily.
- the replacement of water with the organic dispersion medium is performed, for example, by adding an organic dispersion medium having a boiling point higher than that of water and then evaporating all the water and a part of the organic dispersion medium under reduced pressure. Can do.
- the residual monomer may be evaporated together with water, and the residual monomer may be removed simultaneously. If substitution of water using an organic dispersion medium and removal of residual monomer are performed simultaneously, a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode can be efficiently produced.
- the pH of the pH-adjusted aqueous dispersion needs to be 7.5 or more, preferably 7.8 or more, more preferably 8 or more, and preferably 12 or less.
- the pH of the pH-adjusted water dispersion is less than 7.5 or more than 12, there is a possibility that aggregates are generated and the dispersibility of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition is lowered.
- the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery can be produced by the method for producing a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention using the slurry composition for a positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention.
- the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries manufactured by the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries of this invention is equipped with a collector and the positive mix layer formed on the collector, and is positive electrode
- the composite material layer includes at least a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder.
- the positive electrode active material, the conductive material, and the binder contained in the positive electrode are those contained in the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode of the present invention.
- the abundance ratio is the same as the preferred abundance ratio of each component in the slurry composition for a positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention.
- the positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery produced by the method for producing a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention comprises the above-described slurry composition for a positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention. Therefore, the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery can be sufficiently improved.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries of this invention is a process (application
- a method for applying the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode on the current collector is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. Specifically, as a coating method, a doctor blade method, a dip method, a reverse roll method, a direct roll method, a gravure method, an extrusion method, a brush coating method, or the like can be used. At this time, the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode may be applied to only one surface of the current collector or may be applied to both surfaces. The thickness of the slurry film on the current collector after application and before drying can be appropriately set according to the thickness of the positive electrode mixture layer obtained by drying.
- an electrically conductive and electrochemically durable material is used as the current collector to which the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode is applied.
- a current collector made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy can be used as the current collector.
- aluminum and an aluminum alloy may be used in combination, or different types of aluminum alloys may be used in combination.
- Aluminum and aluminum alloys are excellent current collector materials because they have heat resistance and are electrochemically stable.
- the method for drying the positive electrode slurry composition for the lithium ion secondary battery on the current collector is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. For example, drying with warm air, hot air, low-humidity air, vacuum drying, infrared rays And a drying method by irradiation with electron beam or the like.
- a positive electrode mixture layer is formed on the current collector, and the lithium ion provided with the current collector and the positive electrode mixture layer A positive electrode for a secondary battery can be obtained.
- the positive electrode mixture layer may be subjected to pressure treatment using a die press or a roll press. By the pressure treatment, the adhesion between the positive electrode mixture layer and the current collector can be improved. Furthermore, when the positive electrode mixture layer contains a curable polymer, the polymer is preferably cured after the positive electrode mixture layer is formed.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolytic solution, and a separator, and the lithium ion secondary battery manufactured by the method for manufacturing a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention as a positive electrode.
- the positive electrode is used.
- the lithium ion secondary battery of this invention uses the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries manufactured by the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries of this invention, the outstanding electrical property is acquired. .
- a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery a known negative electrode used as a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery can be used.
- the negative electrode for example, a negative electrode made of a thin plate of metallic lithium or a negative electrode formed by forming a negative electrode mixture layer on a current collector can be used.
- a collector what consists of metal materials, such as iron, copper, aluminum, nickel, stainless steel, titanium, a tantalum, gold
- the negative electrode mixture layer a layer containing a negative electrode active material and a binder can be used.
- the binder is not particularly limited, and any known material can be used.
- an organic electrolytic solution in which a supporting electrolyte is dissolved in an organic solvent is usually used.
- a lithium salt is used as the supporting electrolyte.
- the lithium salt include LiPF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAlCl 4 , LiClO 4 , CF 3 SO 3 Li, C 4 F 9 SO 3 Li, CF 3 COOLi, (CF 3 CO) 2 NLi , (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi, (C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) NLi, and the like.
- LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , and CF 3 SO 3 Li are preferable, and LiPF 6 is particularly preferable because it is easily dissolved in a solvent and exhibits a high degree of dissociation.
- electrolyte may be used individually by 1 type and may be used combining two or more types by arbitrary ratios. Usually, the lithium ion conductivity tends to increase as the supporting electrolyte having a higher degree of dissociation is used, so that the lithium ion conductivity can be adjusted depending on the type of the supporting electrolyte.
- the organic solvent used in the electrolytic solution is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the supporting electrolyte.
- the lithium ion conductivity can be adjusted depending on the type of solvent.
- the concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolytic solution can be adjusted as appropriate. For example, it is preferably 0.5 to 15% by mass, more preferably 2 to 13% by mass, and 5 to 10% by mass. Is more preferable. Further, known additives such as fluoroethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl sulfone may be added to the electrolytic solution.
- ⁇ Separator> As the separator, for example, those described in JP 2012-204303 A can be used. Among these, the film thickness of the entire separator can be reduced, thereby increasing the ratio of the electrode active material in the secondary battery and increasing the capacity per volume.
- a microporous film made of a resin such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, or polyvinyl chloride is preferable.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode are overlapped via a separator, and this is wound into a battery container according to the battery shape as necessary, and placed in the battery container. It can manufacture by inject
- an overcurrent prevention element such as a fuse or a PTC element, an expanded metal, a lead plate, etc. may be provided as necessary.
- the shape of the secondary battery may be any of, for example, a coin shape, a button shape, a sheet shape, a cylindrical shape, a square shape, and a flat shape.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer (binder) contained in the binder composition for the positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery was measured by gel permeation chromatography using a LiBr-NMP solution having a concentration of 10 mM under the following measurement conditions ( GPC).
- a circular sample having a diameter of 16 mm was punched out of the obtained polymer film, and the weight was measured (weight is assumed to be “A”).
- the punched circular sample was immersed in 20 g of the nonaqueous electrolytic solution at 60 ° C. for 72 hours.
- the viscosity measurement temperature of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was 25 ° C.
- ⁇ Dispersibility> 1 g of the prepared lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition was dropped into the deepest groove of a grind gauge (as defined in JIS K5101), and then the scraper was swept from the deep side toward the depth of 0 ⁇ m. The slurry film surface stretched by the above was visually confirmed.
- the graduation at the position where three or more streaks of 1 cm or more occurred was read, and the granular trace
- the scale at the position where 5 to 10 dots were generated in a 3 mm wide band was read.
- the dispersibility of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was evaluated according to the following criteria. It shows that the dispersibility of the slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes is excellent, so that the numerical value of a scale is small.
- the rate characteristics were evaluated according to the following criteria. The larger the value of the charge / discharge rate characteristic, the smaller the internal resistance, indicating that high-speed charge / discharge is possible.
- B The charge / discharge rate characteristic is 75% or more and less than 80%.
- C The charge / discharge rate characteristic is 70% or more and less than 75%.
- D The charge / discharge rate characteristic is less than 70%.
- ⁇ Cycle characteristics About 10 cells of the manufactured pouch type lithium ion secondary battery, charging and discharging 50 times in a 60 ° C. atmosphere at a constant current of 0.2 C to 4.2 V and discharging to 0.2 V at a constant current of 0.2 C (50 cycles)
- the discharge capacity) ⁇ 100%) was defined as the charge / discharge capacity retention rate, and the cycle characteristics were evaluated according to the following criteria. The higher the charge / discharge capacity retention value, the better the high-temperature cycle characteristics.
- Polymerization was carried out by heating at 80 ° C. for 3 hours for 3 hours, and an aqueous dispersion of an acidic group-containing acrylic polymer (pH: 3 .5) was obtained.
- the polymerization conversion rate determined from the solid content concentration was 96%.
- the lithium amount with respect to acidic groups in the aqueous dispersion is 0.9 equivalent. 1.6% of a lithium hydroxide aqueous solution was added in terms of solid content to adjust the pH to 8.5.
- ⁇ Preparation of negative electrode for lithium ion secondary battery> A mixture of 90 parts of spherical artificial graphite (volume average particle diameter: 12 ⁇ m) and 10 parts of SiO x (volume average particle diameter: 10 ⁇ m) as the negative electrode active material, 1 part of styrene butadiene polymer as the binder, and carboxy as the thickener
- a slurry composition for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery was prepared by stirring 1 part of methylcellulose and an appropriate amount of water as a dispersion medium with a planetary mixer. Next, a copper foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m was prepared as a current collector.
- the said slurry composition for lithium ion secondary battery negative electrodes was apply
- the negative electrode original fabric was obtained by heat-processing at 150 degreeC for 2 hours.
- This negative electrode original fabric was rolled with a roll press to produce a sheet-like negative electrode comprising a negative electrode mixture layer having a density of 1.8 g / cm 3 and a copper foil. And the sheet-like negative electrode was cut
- the produced positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery and the negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery were wound using a core having a diameter of 20 mm with a separator (a polypropylene microporous film having a thickness of 20 ⁇ m) interposed therebetween to obtain a wound body. Obtained.
- the obtained wound body was compressed from one direction until the thickness became 4.5 mm at a speed of 10 mm / second.
- the wound body after compression had an elliptical shape in plan view, and the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis (major axis / minor axis) was 7.7.
- 2% by volume of vinylene carbonate was added as an additive
- This lithium ion secondary battery is a pouch having a width of 35 mm, a height of 48 mm, and a thickness of 5 mm, and the nominal capacity of the battery is 700 mAh.
- the obtained lithium ion secondary battery was evaluated for initial capacity, rate characteristics, and cycle characteristics. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Except that the blending amounts of methacrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid at the time of preparing the binder composition for the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery were changed as shown in Table 1, the same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. Production and evaluation of binder composition for positive electrode of lithium ion secondary battery, slurry composition for positive electrode of lithium ion secondary battery, positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, negative electrode for lithium ion secondary battery and lithium ion secondary battery was done. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 Except for changing the amount of lithium hydroxide aqueous solution added at the time of preparing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode and changing the lithium amount and pH relative to the acidic group as shown in Table 1, the same as in Example 1 A lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode binder composition, a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition, a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a lithium ion secondary battery negative electrode, and a lithium ion secondary battery. Evaluation was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a material composition, a slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 11 to 12 The binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was the same as in Example 1 except that the amount of acrylonitrile at the time of preparing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was changed as shown in Table 1.
- a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition, a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a lithium ion secondary battery negative electrode, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 13 Binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan at the time of preparing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was 0.1 part.
- Products, slurry compositions for positive electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries, positive electrodes for lithium ion secondary batteries, negative electrodes for lithium ion secondary batteries, and lithium ion secondary batteries were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 14 A binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a lithium ion secondary battery, in the same manner as in Example 1, except that no molecular weight modifier was blended when preparing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode.
- a slurry composition for positive electrode, a positive electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, a negative electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 15 Except for using 100 parts of lithium cobaltate LiCoO 2 as the positive electrode active material, the same as in Example 1, the binder composition for the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery, the slurry composition for the positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery, the lithium ion A positive electrode for a secondary battery, a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were manufactured and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 (Comparative Examples 3 to 4) The same as in Example 1 except that the amount of the lithium hydroxide aqueous solution added during the preparation of the binder composition for the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was changed, and the lithium amount and pH with respect to the acidic groups were changed as shown in Table 2.
- Binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of t-dodecyl mercaptan at the time of preparing the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode was 0.3 parts.
- Products, slurry compositions for positive electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries, positive electrodes for lithium ion secondary batteries, negative electrodes for lithium ion secondary batteries, and lithium ion secondary batteries were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 6 A binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.03 part of allyl methacrylate was used as a molecular weight modifier during the preparation of the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, A slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery, and a lithium ion secondary battery were produced and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode comprising a binder having a predetermined weight average molecular weight and a predetermined amount of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group, and a predetermined amount of lithium
- the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode using the binder composition for a battery has excellent dispersibility, and the lithium ion secondary battery produced using the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition is It can be seen that the electrical characteristics are excellent.
- a binder for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode including a binder that does not have a predetermined weight average molecular weight and a binder that does not contain a predetermined amount of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit having an acidic group.
- Slurry composition for positive electrode of lithium ion secondary battery using material composition and slurry composition for positive electrode of lithium ion secondary battery using binder composition for positive electrode of lithium ion secondary battery not containing a predetermined amount of lithium Is poor in dispersibility and it can be seen that the lithium ion secondary battery produced using the slurry composition for a positive electrode of the lithium ion secondary battery has poor electrical characteristics.
- the dispersibility of the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode slurry composition and the lithium ion secondary battery were changed by changing the ratio of the monomer units contained in the binder. It can be seen that the electrical characteristics of the secondary battery can be further improved. Further, from Examples 1 and 6 to 8 in Table 1, the dispersibility of the slurry composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode by changing the lithium content of the binder composition for a lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode and It can be seen that the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery can be further improved. Further, from Examples 1 and 13 to 14 in Table 1, the dispersibility of the slurry composition for the lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode and the electrical characteristics of the lithium ion secondary battery are further improved by changing the molecular weight of the binder. You can see that
- the binder composition for lithium ion secondary battery positive electrodes which can suppress generation
- a slurry composition for a positive electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery capable of being obtained is obtained.
- the manufacturing method of the positive electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries which can fully improve the electrical property of a lithium ion secondary battery is obtained.
- a lithium ion secondary battery having excellent electrical characteristics can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
なお、スラリー組成物における凝集物やゲルの発生は、高容量のリチウムイオン二次電池を得ることを目的としてニッケル(Ni)やマンガン(Mn)を含有する正極活物質を使用した際に特に起こり易かった。
また、本発明は、リチウムイオン二次電池の電気的特性を十分に向上させることが可能なリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法および電気的特性に優れるリチウムイオン二次電池を提供することを目的とする。
そして、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物は、上記リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物と、正極活物質と、導電材とを含むことを特徴とする。
このように、所定の重量平均分子量を有し、且つ、酸性基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を所定量含有する結着材を使用すると共に、結着材の酸性基に対して所定量のリチウムを含有させたリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を用いれば、凝集物やゲルの発生を抑制することができ、分散性に優れるリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物が得られる。そして、当該リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を用いて調製したリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を使用すれば、リチウムイオン二次電池の電気的特性を十分に向上させることができる。
なお、本発明において、「リチウムニッケル複合酸化物」とは、Co-Ni-Mnのリチウム含有複合酸化物、Ni-Mn-Alのリチウム含有複合酸化物、Ni-Co-Alのリチウム含有複合酸化物などのニッケルを含むリチウム含有複合酸化物を指す。
ここで、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を調製する際に用いることができる。また、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物は、例えば本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の製造方法を用いて製造することができ、リチウムイオン二次電池の正極を形成する際に用いられる。そして、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を用いてリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を製造することを特徴とする。また、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法により得られたリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を用いたことを特徴とする。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物は、結着材と、有機分散媒とを含む。そして、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物は、重量平均分子量が100,000~2,000,000であり、且つ、酸性基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を10~35質量%含有する重合体を結着材として使用し、更に、酸性基に対して0.6~1.5当量のリチウムを含有させることを特徴とする。
結着材は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を含むリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を用いて集電体上に正極合材層を形成することにより製造した正極において、正極合材層に含まれる成分が正極合材層から脱離しないように保持しうる成分である。一般的に、正極合材層における結着材は、電解液に浸漬された際に、電解液を吸収して膨潤しながらも正極活物質同士、正極活物質と導電材、或いは、導電材同士を結着させ、正極活物質等が集電体から脱落するのを防ぐ。
なお、上記重合体が有する酸性基の一部または全部は、通常、後述するリチウムと塩を形成している。
ここで、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を用いて調製することで分散性を高めたリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を用いて製造したリチウムイオン二次電池の電気的特性を向上する観点からは、酸性基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体としては、メタクリル酸などのカルボン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体を単独で用いるか、或いは、メタクリル酸などのカルボン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体と、2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸などのスルホン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体とを組み合わせて用いることが好ましい。そして、カルボン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体とスルホン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体とを組み合わせて用いる場合には、結着材として用いる重合体は、カルボン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位とスルホン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位との合計量に対するスルホン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位の量の割合が20質量%以下であることが好ましく、15質量%以下であることが更に好ましく、10質量%以下であることが特に好ましい。
なお、本発明において「(メタ)アクリル」とは、アクリルおよび/またはメタクリルを意味する。
架橋性単量体としては、例えば、エポキシ基を含有する単量体、炭素-炭素二重結合およびエポキシ基を含有する単量体、ハロゲン原子およびエポキシ基を含有する単量体、N-メチロールアミド基を含有する単量体、オキセタニル基を含有する単量体、オキサゾリン基を含有する単量体、2以上のオレフィン性二重結合を持つ多官能性単量体などが挙げられる。
アクリル重合体における架橋性単量体単位の含有割合は、好ましくは0質量%超であり、好ましくは10質量%以下、より好ましくは5質量%以下である。
ビニルモノマーとしては、例えば、エチレングリコールジメタクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジメタクリレートなどの2つ以上の炭素-炭素二重結合を有するカルボン酸エステル類;塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン等のハロゲン原子含有単量体;酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類;メチルビニルエーテル、エチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビエルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類;メチルビニルケトン、エチルビニルケトン、ブチルビニルケトン、ヘキシルビニルケトン、イソプロペニルビニルケトン等のビニルケトン類;N-ビニルピロリドン、ビニルピリジン、ビニルイミダゾール等の複素環含有ビニル化合物;が挙げられる。
水酸基含有単量体としては、(メタ)アリルアルコール、3-ブテン-1-オール、5-ヘキセン-1-オールなどのエチレン性不飽和アルコール、アクリル酸-2-ヒドロキシエチル、アクリル酸-2-ヒドロキシプロピル、メタクリル酸-2-ヒドロキシエチル、メタクリル酸-2-ヒドロキシプロピル、マレイン酸ジ-2-ヒドロキシエチル、マレイン酸ジ-4-ヒドロキシブチル、イタコン酸ジ-2-ヒドロキシプロピルなどのエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸のアルカノールエステル類、一般式CH2=CR1-COO-(CnH2n-1O)m-H(mは2~9の整数、nは2~4の整数、R1は水素またはメチル基を表す)で表されるポリアルキレングリコールと(メタ)アクリル酸とのエステル類、2-ヒドロキシエチル-2’-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシフタレート、2-ヒドロキシエチル-2’-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシサクシネートなどのジカルボン酸のジヒドロキシエステルのモノ(メタ)アクリレート類、2-ヒドロキシエチルビニルエーテル、2-ヒドロキシプロピルビニルエーテルなどのビニルエーテル類、(メタ)アリル-2-ヒドロキシエチルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-2-ヒドロキシプロピルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-3-ヒドロキシプロピルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-2-ヒドロキシブチルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-3-ヒドロキシブチルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-4-ヒドロキシブチルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-6-ヒドロキシヘキシルエーテルなどのアルキレングリコールのモノ(メタ)アリルエーテル類、ジエチレングリコールモノ(メタ)アリルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノ(メタ)アリルエーテルなどのポリオキシアルキレングリコール(メタ)モノアリルエーテル類、グリセリンモノ(メタ)アリルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-2-クロロ-3-ヒドロキシプロピルエーテル、(メタ)アリル-2-ヒドロキシ-3-クロロプロピルエーテルなどの、(ポリ)アルキレングリコールのハロゲンおよびヒドロキシ置換体のモノ(メタ)アリルエーテル、オイゲノール、イソオイゲノールなどの多価フェノールのモノ(メタ)アリルエーテルおよびそのハロゲン置換体、(メタ)アリル-2-ヒドロキシエチルチオエーテル、(メタ)アリル-2-ヒドロキシプロピルチオエーテルなどのアルキレングリコールの(メタ)アリルチオエーテル類などが挙げられる。
なお、本発明において、「(メタ)アリル」とは、アリルおよび/またはメタアリルを意味し、「(メタ)アクリロイル」とは、アクリロイルおよび/またはメタクリロイルを意味する。
そして、これらは1種類を単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
アクリル重合体におけるビニルモノマーに由来する重合単位や水酸基含有単量体単位の含有割合は、好ましくは0質量%超であり、好ましくは10質量%以下、より好ましくは5質量%以下である。
なお、本発明において、「電解液膨潤度」は、本明細書の実施例に記載の測定方法を用いて測定することができる。
また、重合方法としては、イオン重合、ラジカル重合、リビングラジカル重合などの付加重合を用いることができる。また、重合開始剤としては、既知の重合開始剤、例えば、特開2012-184201号公報に記載のものを用いることができる。
なお、重合体中の各単量体単位の存在割合は、各単量体の配合比率と略等しい。
ここで、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物は、上述した結着材が有する酸性基に対して、0.6当量以上1.5当量以下のリチウムを含有する必要があり、0.7当量以上のリチウムを含有することが好ましく、0.8当量以上のリチウムを含有することがより好ましく、1.2当量以下のリチウムを含有することが好ましく、1.0当量以下のリチウムを含有することがより好ましい。酸性基に対するリチウムの含有量が0.6当量未満の場合や、1.5当量超の場合には、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を用いてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を調製すると、凝集物が発生してリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の分散性が低下する。特に、結着材が有する酸性基に対するリチウムの含有量が1.5当量超の場合には、結着材である重合体の有機分散媒に対する溶解性が低下し、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を用いて調製したリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物に凝集物が発生する。
なお、本発明において、「当量」とは、結着材の酸性基を中和するのに必要なリチウムのモル当量を指す。
なお、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物中のリチウムは、例えばリチウムイオンの状態で存在し、その一部または全部が、結着材の酸性基と塩を形成している。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物に用いる有機分散媒としては、例えば、結着材を分散または溶解可能な極性を有する有機溶媒を用いることができる。
具体的には、有機溶媒としては、アセトニトリル、N-メチルピロリドン、アセチルピリジン、シクロペンタノン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、メチルホルムアミド、メチルエチルケトン、フルフラール、エチレンジアミンなどを用いることができる。これらの中でも、取扱い易さ、安全性、合成の容易さなどの観点から、有機溶媒としてはN-メチルピロリドンが最も好ましい。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物は、有機溶媒を分散媒とした有機系スラリー組成物であり、上述したリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物と、正極活物質と、導電材とを含む。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物に配合する正極活物質としては、特に限定されることなく、既知の正極活物質を用いることができる。具体的には、正極活物質としては、遷移金属を含有する化合物、例えば、遷移金属酸化物、遷移金属硫化物、リチウムと遷移金属との複合金属酸化物などを用いることができる。なお、遷移金属としては、例えば、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Mo等が挙げられる。
遷移金属硫化物としては、TiS2、TiS3、非晶質MoS2、FeSなどが挙げられる。
リチウムと遷移金属との複合金属酸化物としては、層状構造を有するリチウム含有複合金属酸化物、スピネル型構造を有するリチウム含有複合金属酸化物、オリビン型構造を有するリチウム含有複合金属酸化物などが挙げられる。
なお、本発明において、「平均酸化状態」とは、前記「1種類以上の遷移金属」の平均の酸化状態を示し、遷移金属のモル量と原子価とから算出される。例えば、「1種類以上の遷移金属」が、50mol%のNi2+と50mol%のMn4+から構成される場合には、「1種類以上の遷移金属」の平均酸化状態は、(0.5)×(2+)+(0.5)×(4+)=3+となる。
なお、MnおよびNiの少なくとも一方を含有する正極活物質には、製造時に使用される炭酸リチウム(Li2CO3)や水酸化リチウム(LiOH)等のアルカリ分が残存しているため、当該正極活物質を使用した場合、通常はアルカリ分に起因してリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物にゲルや凝集物が発生し易い。しかし、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物では、所定の結着材を使用し、且つ、結着材組成物中のリチウムの含有量を所定範囲としているので、ゲルや凝集物の発生が抑制され、分散性を良好なものとすることができる。
導電材は、正極活物質同士の電気的接触を確保するためのものである。そして、導電材としては、特に限定されることなく、既知の導電材を用いることができる。具体的には、導電材としては、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック(登録商標)、ファーネスブラック、グラファイト、炭素繊維、カーボンフレーク、炭素超短繊維(例えば、カーボンナノチューブや気相成長炭素繊維など)等の導電性炭素材料;各種金属のファイバー、箔などを用いることができる。これらの中でも、正極活物質同士の電気的接触を向上させ、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を用いて形成したリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を使用したリチウムイオン二次電池の電気的特性を向上させる観点からは、導電材として、アセチレンブラック、ケッチェンブラック(登録商標)、ファーネスブラックを用いることが好ましく、アセチレンブラックを用いることが特に好ましい。
なお、これら導電材は、1種類を単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物は、上記成分の他に、例えば、粘度調整剤、補強材、酸化防止剤、電解液の分解を抑制する機能を有する電解液添加剤などの成分を含有していてもよい。これらの他の成分は、公知のものを使用することができる。
そして、本発明のスラリー組成物は、B型粘度計で測定した60rpmでの粘度に対する6rpmでの粘度の比であるTI値(6rpmでの粘度/60rpmでの粘度)が、1以上であることが好ましく、1.2以上であることがより好ましく、1.4以上であることが更に好ましく、4以下であることが好ましく、3.8以下であることがより好ましく、3.6以下であることが更に好ましい。リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物のTI値を1以上4以下とすれば、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極を形成する際のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の塗布量を安定化させて、均一な正極合材層を形成することができる。そして、その結果、電気的特性に優れたリチウムイオン二次電池を得ることができる。なお、TI値が1未満の場合には、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物のダイラタンシー性が大きくなり、塗布時の流動性が悪くなるため、塗布量を安定化させることが困難になる。また、TI値が4超の場合には、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を集電体などの基材に平滑に塗布し難くなる。
ここで、本発明において、「TI値」は、本明細書の実施例に記載の測定方法を用いて測定することができる。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物は、上記各成分を分散媒としての有機溶媒中に分散させることにより調製することができる。具体的には、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物は、例えば、結着材と、有機分散媒としての有機溶媒とを含むリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を予め調製し(リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製工程)、その後、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物と、正極活物質と、導電材と、任意に、その他の成分および追加の有機分散媒とを混合することにより(混合工程)、調製することができる。
なお、混合には、ボールミル、サンドミル、ビーズミル、顔料分散機、らい潰機、超音波分散機、ホモジナイザー、プラネタリーミキサー、フィルミックスなどの既知の混合機を用いることができる。また、追加の有機分散媒としては、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物の調製に用いた有機分散媒と同じものを用いることができる。
即ち、上述した通り、結着材として用いる重合体は、水分散液の状態で得られる。また、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物には、結着材の酸性基に対して0.6~1.5当量のリチウムを配合する必要がある。
そこで、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の製造方法では、まず、結着材として用いる重合体の、例えばpHが3.5程度の水分散液に対し、水酸化リチウムなどのリチウム化合物を、リチウムが酸性基に対して所定の当量となるように添加して、水分散液のpHを7.5以上に調整する。そして、重量平均分子量が100,000~2,000,000であり、且つ、酸性基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を10~35質量%含有する重合体と、酸性基に対して0.6~1.5当量のリチウムとを含むpH調整水分散液を得る。なお、pHの調整は、リチウム化合物のみを用いて行ってもよいし、水酸化ナトリウムなどの他の化合物を用いて行なってもよい。そして、その後、pH調整水分散液中の水を有機分散媒で置換する。このように、重合体の水分散液に対してリチウム化合物を添加すれば、リチウム化合物を良好に溶解させることができるので、リチウムを含む本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物および当該リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を含むリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を容易に調製することができる。
リチウムイオン二次電池用正極は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を使用して、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法により製造することができる。
そして、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法により製造されたリチウムイオン二次電池用正極は、集電体と、集電体上に形成された正極合材層とを備え、正極合材層には、少なくとも、正極活物質と、導電材と、結着材とが含まれている。なお、正極中に含まれている、正極活物質、導電材および結着材は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物中に含まれていたものであり、それら各成分の好適な存在比は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物中の各成分の好適な存在比と同じである。
上記リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を集電体上に塗布する方法としては、特に限定されず公知の方法を用いることができる。具体的には、塗布方法としては、ドクターブレード法、ディップ法、リバースロール法、ダイレクトロール法、グラビア法、エクストルージョン法、ハケ塗り法などを用いることができる。この際、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を集電体の片面だけに塗布してもよいし、両面に塗布してもよい。塗布後乾燥前の集電体上のスラリー膜の厚みは、乾燥して得られる正極合材層の厚みに応じて適宜に設定しうる。
集電体上のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を乾燥する方法としては、特に限定されず公知の方法を用いることができ、例えば温風、熱風、低湿風による乾燥、真空乾燥、赤外線や電子線などの照射による乾燥法が挙げられる。このように集電体上のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を乾燥することで、集電体上に正極合材層を形成し、集電体と正極合材層とを備えるリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を得ることができる。
さらに、正極合材層が硬化性の重合体を含む場合は、正極合材層の形成後に前記重合体を硬化させることが好ましい。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池は、正極と、負極と、電解液と、セパレータとを備え、正極として、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法により製造されたリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を用いたものである。そして、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池は、本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法により製造されたリチウムイオン二次電池用正極を用いているので、優れた電気的特性が得られる。
リチウムイオン二次電池の負極としては、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極として用いられる既知の負極を用いることができる。具体的には、負極としては、例えば、金属リチウムの薄板よりなる負極や、負極合材層を集電体上に形成してなる負極を用いることができる。
なお、集電体としては、鉄、銅、アルミニウム、ニッケル、ステンレス鋼、チタン、タンタル、金、白金等の金属材料からなるものを用いることができる。また、負極合材層としては、負極活物質と結着材とを含む層を用いることができる。更に、結着材としては、特に限定されず、任意の既知の材料を用いうる。
電解液としては、通常、有機溶媒に支持電解質を溶解した有機電解液が用いられる。支持電解質としては、例えば、リチウム塩が用いられる。リチウム塩としては、例えば、LiPF6、LiAsF6、LiBF4、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、LiClO4、CF3SO3Li、C4F9SO3Li、CF3COOLi、(CF3CO)2NLi、(CF3SO2)2NLi、(C2F5SO2)NLiなどが挙げられる。なかでも、溶媒に溶けやすく高い解離度を示すので、LiPF6、LiClO4、CF3SO3Liが好ましく、LiPF6が特に好ましい。なお、電解質は1種類を単独で用いてもよく、2種類以上を任意の比率で組み合わせて用いてもよい。通常は、解離度の高い支持電解質を用いるほどリチウムイオン伝導度が高くなる傾向があるので、支持電解質の種類によりリチウムイオン伝導度を調節することができる。
なお、電解液中の電解質の濃度は適宜調整することができ、例えば0.5~15質量%することが好ましく、2~13質量%とすることがより好ましく、5~10質量%とすることが更に好ましい。また、電解液には、既知の添加剤、例えばフルオロエチレンカーボネートやエチルメチルスルホンなどを添加してもよい。
セパレータとしては、例えば、特開2012-204303号公報に記載のものを用いることができる。これらの中でも、セパレータ全体の膜厚を薄くすることができ、これにより、二次電池内の電極活物質の比率を高くして体積あたりの容量を高くすることができるという点より、ポリオレフィン系(ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリ塩化ビニル)の樹脂からなる微多孔膜が好ましい。
本発明のリチウムイオン二次電池は、例えば、正極と、負極とを、セパレータを介して重ね合わせ、これを必要に応じて電池形状に応じて巻く、折るなどして電池容器に入れ、電池容器に電解液を注入して封口することにより製造することができる。リチウムイオン二次電池の内部の圧力上昇、過充放電等の発生を防止するために、必要に応じて、ヒューズ、PTC素子等の過電流防止素子、エキスパンドメタル、リード板などを設けてもよい。二次電池の形状は、例えば、コイン型、ボタン型、シート型、円筒型、角形、扁平型など、何れであってもよい。
実施例および比較例において、結着材の重量平均分子量および電解液膨潤度、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物のTI値および分散性、並びに、リチウムイオン二次電池の初期容量、レート特性およびサイクル特性は、それぞれ以下の方法を使用して評価した。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物に含まれる重合体(結着材)の重量平均分子量を、濃度10mMのLiBr-NMP溶液を使用し、下記の測定条件でゲルパーミネーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)より測定した。
・分離カラム:Shodex KD-806M(昭和電工株式会社製)
・検出器:示差屈折計検出器 RID-10A(株式会社島津製作所製)
・溶離液の流速:0.3mL/min
・カラム温度:40℃
・標準ポリマー:TSK 標準ポリスチレン(東ソー株式会社製)
<電解液膨潤度>
結着材のN-メチルピロリドン(NMP)溶液(濃度8質量%)を、乾燥後の厚みが100μmになるようにテフロンシャーレに流しこみ、乾燥して重合体フィルムを作成した。得られた重合体フィルムから直径16mmの円形試料を打ち抜き、重量を測定した(重量を「A」とする)。次に、非水電解液(組成:濃度1.0MのLiPF6溶液(溶媒は、エチレンカーボネート/エチルメチルカーボネート=3/7(重量比)の混合溶媒にフルオロエチレンカーボネート5質量%を添加した混合物であり、添加剤としてビニレンカーボネート2体積%を添加))を準備した。そして、かかる非水電解液20gに、打ち抜いた円形試料を60℃で72時間浸漬させた。その後、膨潤した円形試料を取り出し、表面の非水電解液を軽く拭き取ってから重量を測定した(重量を「B」とする)。これらの測定した値より電解液膨潤度(=B/A)を求めた。値が大きい程、電解液中で膨潤し易く、変形量が大きいことを示す。
<TI値>
作製したリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物について、B型粘度計(東機産業製、RB-80L)を用いて60rpmでの粘度η0と、6rpmでの粘度η1とを測定した。そして、TI値(=η1/η0)を算出した。なお、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の粘度測定温度は25℃とした。
<分散性>
作製したリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物1gを、グラインドゲージ(JIS K5101に規定)の最も深い側の溝に滴下した後、スクレーパーを深い側から深さ0μm側に向かって掃引し、掃引により張られたスラリー膜面を目視で確認した。分散性の悪い凝集物などによってスラリー膜面に線状もしくは粒状の特異模様の発生が確認された場合、線状痕については1cm以上の筋が3本以上発生した位置の目盛りを読み取り、粒状痕については3mm幅の帯の中に5~10個の点が発生した位置の目盛りを読み取った。読み取った目盛りを使用し、以下の基準でリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の分散性を評価した。目盛りの数値が小さいほど、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の分散性が優れていることを示す。
A:25μm未満
B:25μm以上50μm未満
C:50μm以上75μm未満
D:75μm以上
<初期容量>
作製したパウチ型リチウムイオン二次電池を、25℃環境下、電流140mAで電池電圧が4.2Vになるまで定電流充電し、電圧4.2Vで充電電流が14mAになるまで定電圧充電を行った。続いて、電流140mAで電池電圧が3Vになるまで定電流放電を行い、初期容量とした。この時の初期容量を以下の基準に従い評価した。
A:700mAh以上
B:697mAh以上700mAh未満
C:694mAh以上697mAh未満
D:694mAh未満
<レート特性>
作製したパウチ型リチウムイオン二次電池10セルについて、温度25℃の条件下、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電する充放電サイクルと、温度25℃の条件下、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電し、1.0Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電する充放電サイクルとをそれぞれ行った。0.2Cにおける放電容量に対する1.0Cにおける放電容量の割合を百分率で算出したもの(=(1.0Cにおける放電容量)/(0.2Cにおける放電容量)×100%)を充放電レート特性とし、下記の基準でレート特性を評価した。充放電レート特性の値が大きいほど、内部抵抗が小さく、高速充放電が可能であることを示す。
A:充放電レート特性が80%以上である。
B:充放電レート特性が75%以上80%未満である。
C:充放電レート特性が70%以上75%未満である。
D:充放電レート特性が70%未満である。
<サイクル特性>
作製したパウチ型リチウムイオン二次電池10セルについて、60℃雰囲気下、0.2Cの定電流で4.2Vまで充電し、0.2Cの定電流で3.0Vまで放電する充放電を50回(50サイクル)繰り返し、放電容量を測定した。10セルの平均値を測定値とし、50サイクル終了時の放電容量に対する5サイクル終了時の放電容量の割合を百分率で算出したもの(=(50サイクル終了時の放電容量)/(5サイクル終了時の放電容量)×100%)を充放電容量保持率とし、下記の基準でサイクル特性を評価した。充放電容量保持率の値が高いほど高温サイクル特性に優れることを示す。
A:充放電容量保持率が80%以上である。
B:充放電容量保持率が70%以上80%未満である。
C:充放電容量保持率が60%以上70%未満である。
D:充放電容量保持率が60%未満である。
<リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物の調製>
撹拌機付きのオートクレーブに、イオン交換水164質量部、(メタ)アクリレート単量体として2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート(2EHA)68質量部、カルボン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体としてメタクリル酸(MAA)16質量部、スルホン酸基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体として2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸(AMPS)1質量部、α,β-不飽和ニトリル単量体としてアクリロニトリル(AN)15質量部、重合開始剤として過硫酸カリウム0.3部、乳化剤としてラウリル硫酸ナトリウム1.6部、分子量調整剤としてt-ドデシルメルカプタン0.05部を入れ、十分に撹拌した後、70℃で3時間、80℃で2時間加温して重合を行い、酸性基含有アクリル重合体の水分散液(pH:3.5)を得た。なお、固形分濃度から求めた重合転化率は96%であった。
次に、このpHが3.5の酸性基含有アクリル重合体の水分散体100部(固形分換算)に、当該水分散体における酸性基に対するリチウム量が0.9当量となるように、4%水酸化リチウム水溶液を固形分換算で1.6部加え、pHを8.5とした。その後、N-メチルピロリドン500部を加え、減圧下で水および残留モノマーをすべて蒸発させると共にN-メチルピロリドンを81部蒸発させて、酸性基含有アクリル重合体のN-メチルピロリドン溶液(濃度:8質量%)よりなるリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物Aを得た。
そして、得られたリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物Aを用いて、結着材の重量平均分子量および電解液膨潤度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
<リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の調製>
正極活物質としてリチウムニッケル複合酸化物(戸田工業社製、NCA-02-ST-5)100部と、導電材としてアセチレンブラック(電気化学工業社製、AB35、デンカブラック粉状品)2.0部と、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物A 1.2部(固形分換算)と、適量のN-メチルピロリドンとをプラネタリーミキサーにて撹拌し、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物Aを調製した。
そして、得られたリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物Aを用いて、スラリー組成物のTI値および分散性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
集電体として厚さ15μmのアルミ箔を準備した。そして、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物Aをアルミ箔の両面に乾燥後の塗布量が20mg/cm2になるように塗布し、60℃で20分、120℃で20分間乾燥した。その後、150℃で2時間加熱処理して正極原反を得た。この正極原反をロールプレスで圧延し、密度が3.7g/cm3の正極合材層とアルミ箔とからなるシート状正極を作製した。そして、シート状正極を幅4.8mm、長さ50cmに切断し、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極とした。
負極活物質として球状人造黒鉛(体積平均粒子径:12μm)90部とSiOX(体積平均粒子径:10μm)10部との混合物、結着材としてスチレンブタジエン重合体1部、増粘剤としてカルボキシメチルセルロース1部、および、分散媒として適量の水をプラネタリーミキサーにて撹拌し、リチウムイオン二次電池負極用スラリー組成物を調製した。
次に、集電体として厚さ15μmの銅箔を準備した。そして、上記リチウムイオン二次電池負極用スラリー組成物を銅箔の両面に乾燥後の塗布量が10mg/cm2になるように塗布し、60℃で20分、120℃で20分間乾燥した。その後、150℃で2時間加熱処理して負極原反を得た。この負極原反をロールプレスで圧延し、密度が1.8g/cm3の負極合材層と銅箔とからなるシート状負極を作製した。そして、シート状負極を幅5.0mm、長さ52cmに切断し、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極とした。
作製したリチウムイオン二次電池用正極とリチウムイオン二次電池用負極とを、セパレータ(厚さ20μmのポリプロピレン製微多孔膜)を介在させて直径20mmの芯を用いて捲回し、捲回体を得た。得られた捲回体を、10mm/秒の速度で厚さ4.5mmになるまで一方向から圧縮した。なお、圧縮後の捲回体は平面視楕円形をしており、その長径と短径との比(長径/短径)は7.7であった。
また、非水電解液(組成:濃度1.0MのLiPF6溶液(溶媒は、エチレンカーボネート/エチルメチルカーボネート=3/7(重量比)の混合溶媒にフルオロエチレンカーボネート5質量%を添加した混合物であり、添加剤としてビニレンカーボネート2体積%を添加))を準備した。
そして、圧縮後の捲回体を所定のアルミラミネート製ケース内に3.2gの非水電解液とともに収容した。そして、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極に接続したニッケルリード線およびリチウムイオン二次電池用正極に接続したアルミニウムリード線を所定の箇所に接続したのち、ケースの開口部を熱で封口し、リチウムイオン二次電池とした。このリチウムイオン二次電池は、幅35mm、高さ48mm、厚さ5mmのパウチ形であり、電池の公称容量は700mAhである。得られたリチウムイオン二次電池について、初期容量、レート特性およびサイクル特性を評価した。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時のメタクリル酸および2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸の配合量を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時の水酸化リチウム水溶液の添加量を変更し、酸性基に対するリチウム量およびpHを表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時の2-エチルヘキシルアクリレートの配合量を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時のアクリロニトリルの配合量を表1に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時のt-ドデシルメルカプタンの配合量を0.1部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時に分子量調整剤を配合しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
正極活物質としてコバルト酸リチウムLiCoO2 100部を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時のメタクリル酸および2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸の配合量を表2に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表2に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時の水酸化リチウム水溶液の添加量を変更し、酸性基に対するリチウム量およびpHを表2に示すように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表2に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時のt-ドデシルメルカプタンの配合量を0.3部とした以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表2に示す。
リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製時に分子量調整剤としてアリルメタクリレート0.03部を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にしてリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極、リチウムイオン二次電池用負極およびリチウムイオン二次電池を製造し、評価を行なった。結果を表2に示す。
また、表1の実施例1および6~8より、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物のリチウムの含有量を変更することによりリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の分散性およびリチウムイオン二次電池の電気的特性を更に向上させ得ることが分かる。
そして、表1の実施例1および13~14より、結着材の分子量を変更することによりリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の分散性およびリチウムイオン二次電池の電気的特性を更に向上させ得ることが分かる。
Claims (10)
- 結着材と、有機分散媒とを含み、
前記結着材の重量平均分子量が100,000~2,000,000であり、
前記結着材が、酸性基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を10~35質量%含有し、
前記酸性基に対し、0.6~1.5当量のリチウムを含む、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物。 - 請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物と、正極活物質と、導電材とを含む、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物。
- B型粘度計で測定したTI値(60rpmでの粘度に対する6rpmでの粘度の比)が1~4である、請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物。
- 前記結着材が、(メタ)アクリレート単量体単位を50~85質量%含有する、請求項2または3に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物。
- 前記酸性基が、カルボン酸基およびスルホン酸基の少なくとも一方を含む、請求項2~4の何れかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物。
- 前記結着材の電解液膨潤度が1~5倍である、請求項2~5の何れかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物。
- 前記正極活物質が、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物である、請求項2~6の何れかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物。
- 結着材と有機分散媒とを含むリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物を調製するリチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製工程と、
前記リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物と、正極活物質と、導電材とを混合する混合工程と、
を含み、前記リチウムイオン二次電池正極用結着材組成物調製工程は、
単量体組成物を重合して、重合体の水分散液を得る工程と、
前記水分散液にリチウム化合物を添加してpHを7.5以上に調整し、重量平均分子量が100,000~2,000,000であり、且つ、酸性基を有するエチレン性不飽和単量体単位を10~35質量%含有する重合体と、前記酸性基に対して0.6~1.5当量のリチウムとを含むpH調整水分散液を得る工程と、
前記pH調整水分散液中の水を有機分散媒で置換する工程と、
を含む、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物の製造方法。 - 請求項2~7の何れかに記載のリチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物を集電体上に塗布し、乾燥することによって集電体上に正極合材層を形成する、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極の製造方法。
- 請求項9に記載の製造方法により得られたリチウムイオン二次電池用正極と、負極と、電解液と、セパレータとを備えるリチウムイオン二次電池。
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JP2016171074A (ja) * | 2015-03-13 | 2016-09-23 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池電極用バインダー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池電極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用電極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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CN107408701A (zh) * | 2015-03-27 | 2017-11-28 | 日本瑞翁株式会社 | 锂离子二次电池正极用粘结剂组合物、锂离子二次电池正极用浆料组合物、锂离子二次电池用正极以及锂离子二次电池 |
JPWO2016157842A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2018-01-18 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池正極用バインダー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池正極用スラリー組成物、リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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WO2017010093A1 (ja) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-01-19 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 二次電池電極用バインダー組成物、二次電池電極用導電材ペースト組成物、二次電池電極用スラリー組成物、二次電池用電極および二次電池 |
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WO2017029813A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-02-23 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 非水系二次電池用バインダー組成物、非水系二次電池機能層用組成物、非水系二次電池用機能層および非水系二次電池 |
US10535854B2 (en) | 2015-08-20 | 2020-01-14 | Zeon Corporation | Binder composition for non-aqueous secondary battery, composition for non-aqueous secondary battery functional layer, functional layer for non-aqueous secondary battery, and non-aqueous secondary battery |
KR20180044892A (ko) | 2015-08-20 | 2018-05-03 | 니폰 제온 가부시키가이샤 | 비수계 2차 전지용 바인더 조성물, 비수계 2차 전지 기능층용 조성물, 비수계 2차 전지용 기능층 및 비수계 2차 전지 |
WO2018168615A1 (ja) | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-20 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 電気化学素子電極用導電材分散液、電気化学素子電極用スラリー組成物およびその製造方法、電気化学素子用電極、並びに、電気化学素子 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9876231B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
JPWO2014185072A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
KR20160008549A (ko) | 2016-01-22 |
JP6394593B2 (ja) | 2018-09-26 |
KR102210264B1 (ko) | 2021-01-29 |
CN105247716B (zh) | 2017-09-19 |
US20160126553A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
CN105247716A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
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