WO2014175417A1 - 金属ナノ粒子分散体、金属ナノ粒子分散体の製造方法および接合方法 - Google Patents
金属ナノ粒子分散体、金属ナノ粒子分散体の製造方法および接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014175417A1 WO2014175417A1 PCT/JP2014/061678 JP2014061678W WO2014175417A1 WO 2014175417 A1 WO2014175417 A1 WO 2014175417A1 JP 2014061678 W JP2014061678 W JP 2014061678W WO 2014175417 A1 WO2014175417 A1 WO 2014175417A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/054—Nanosized particles
- B22F1/0545—Dispersions or suspensions of nanosized particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/102—Metallic powder coated with organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal nanoparticle dispersion, a method for producing a metal nanoparticle dispersion, and a joining method, and more specifically, by containing an organic substance as a sintering aid in a dispersion medium, the metal nanoparticles are sintered at a lower temperature.
- the present invention relates to a metal nanoparticle dispersion that can be bonded, a method for producing the metal nanoparticle dispersion, and a bonding method using the metal nanoparticle dispersion as a bonding material.
- solder containing lead has been used as a solder material, but from an environmental point of view, an alternative technology for lead solder is required.
- a technique for joining substances using a paste containing metal nanoparticles having a nano (nm) order particle size there is known a technique for joining substances using a paste containing metal nanoparticles having a nano (nm) order particle size.
- the metal nanoparticles exhibit a low temperature sinterability due to a high surface activity resulting from the quantum size effect and a lower melting point than bulk metals.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose that silver nanoparticles are sintered at about 250 ° C. by coating the surface of silver nanoparticles with an organic substance and preventing aggregation of the silver nanoparticles. The technology to do is described.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a metal nanoparticle dispersion that can be bonded at a low temperature (for example, 200 ° C. or lower) and that can improve the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the bonded portion.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present inventors have confirmed that the sintering of metal nanoparticles can be promoted at a lower temperature by utilizing the effect that another organic substance contained in the dispersion medium peels off the organic substance covering the metal nanoparticles.
- the headline and the present invention have been completed.
- the aspect of the present invention is Metal nanoparticles in which at least a part of the surface is coated with amine A having 8 or more carbon atoms, A dispersion medium for dispersing the metal nanoparticles,
- the dispersion medium is a metal nanoparticle dispersion comprising a primary, secondary or tertiary amine having 7 or less carbon atoms, and amine B which is a linear alkylamine or alkanolamine. is there.
- the average particle diameter of the metal nanoparticles is 1 to 200 nm.
- 0.1 to 1 part by mass of the amine B is contained with respect to 100 parts by mass of the metal nanoparticles.
- the metal constituting the metal nanoparticles contains silver.
- the amine A is octylamine
- the amine B is at least one selected from triethanolamine, diethanolamine, and butylamine.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides: Attaching amine A having 8 or more carbon atoms to at least part of the surface of the metal nanoparticles; Adding amine B, which is a primary, secondary or tertiary amine having 7 or less carbon atoms, which is a linear alkylamine or alkanolamine, to the dispersion medium for dispersing the metal nanoparticles; And a method for producing a metal nanoparticle dispersion.
- a bonding method comprising bonding a plurality of objects to be bonded using a bonding material including any of the metal nanoparticle dispersions described above.
- a metal nanoparticle dispersion which can be bonded at a low temperature (for example, 200 ° C. or lower) and can improve the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the bonded portion.
- FIG. 1 is an image observed by a scanning electron microscope after fracture of a bonded portion bonded using silver nanoparticle dispersions according to examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion according to the present embodiment includes metal nanoparticles and a dispersion medium, and the metal nanoparticles are dispersed in the dispersion medium.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion may be a liquid having a relatively low viscosity or a paste having a relatively high viscosity.
- the metal constituting the metal nanoparticles contains a conductive metal.
- a conductive metal In this embodiment, silver, a silver alloy, etc. are illustrated, and silver is preferable from the viewpoints of conductivity and low temperature sinterability.
- the average particle size of the metal nanoparticles is preferably 1 to 200 nm, more preferably 20 to 100 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the metal nanoparticles is calculated as an average value obtained by measuring the particle diameter of a predetermined number of metal nanoparticles with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
- Such metal nanoparticles tend to aggregate because of their high surface activity.
- the properties inherent to the metal nanoparticles for example, low temperature sinterability
- the surface of the metal nanoparticles is coated with amine A that is an amine compound. That is, amine A forms a protective colloid of metal nanoparticles and prevents aggregation of metal nanoparticles.
- amine A forms a protective colloid of metal nanoparticles and prevents aggregation of metal nanoparticles.
- covered with the amine A in this embodiment, it is preferable that the whole surface of the metal nanoparticle is coat
- the amine A is an amine having 8 or more carbon atoms.
- the amine A is preferably a primary amine represented by the chemical formula RNH 2 (R is an alkyl group). Specifically, it is preferably at least one selected from octylamine, nonylamine, and decylamine.
- the dispersion medium is composed of a medium that can disperse the metal nanoparticles and contains amine B, which is an amine compound different from amine A.
- amine B which is an amine compound different from amine A.
- various solvents can be used as the medium. In this embodiment, it is preferable to use a polar solvent.
- alcohol diol, terpene alcohol, glycol ether, and more specifically, octanol, decanol, butanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, terpineol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and the like. Illustrated.
- Amine B is a primary, secondary or tertiary amine having 7 or less carbon atoms, and is a linear alkylamine or alkanolamine. That is, amine B is an amine compound having fewer carbon atoms than amine A.
- the amine B is contained in the dispersion medium, but when heated, the amine B acts to peel off the amine A covering the surface of the metal nanoparticles, and decomposes or evaporates. Therefore, as compared with the case where amine B is not present in the dispersion medium, amine A is easily decomposed or evaporated by desorbing from the surface of the metal nanoparticles at a lower temperature.
- the temperature at which the metal nanoparticles agglomerate and sinter can be lowered as compared with the case where amine B is not present in the dispersion medium.
- the sintering of the metal nanoparticles is promoted at a lower temperature and integrated as a metal. That is, amine B functions as a sintering aid for metal nanoparticles.
- the amine B since the amine B is dissolved and uniformly contained in the dispersion medium, the amine A covering the surface of the metal nanoparticles can be surrounded in all directions. Therefore, the peeling effect by the amine B described above can be sufficiently produced.
- amine B examples include triethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, 7-amino-1-heptanol, 6-amino-1-hexanol, 5-amino-1-pentanol, and 4-amino-1 -At least one selected from -butanol, 3-amino-1-propanol, dimethylaminoethanol, heptylamine, hexylamine, pentylamine, butylamine and the like is preferable.
- amine A and amine B are preferably a combination of the above amine compounds.
- the amine A is octylamine and the amine B is at least one selected from triethanolamine, diethanolamine and butylamine.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion according to this embodiment may contain a dispersant or the like according to desired characteristics.
- metal nanoparticles whose surface is coated with amine A are prepared.
- Commercially available metal nanoparticles may be used as the metal nanoparticles, and this may be coated with amine A.
- the amine is deposited on the surface of the metal nanoparticles on which the metal compound is reduced and deposited in the reaction solvent. A is attached.
- amine A functioning as a protective colloid is allowed to coexist in the reaction solvent.
- the amine A adheres to the surface of the metal nanoparticle which precipitates in a reduction reaction, and the metal nanoparticle by which the surface was coat
- the metal compound examples include chlorides, nitrates, acetates, carbonates, etc., but nitrates are preferable from an industrial viewpoint. Moreover, water is mentioned as a solvent used when reducing a metal compound.
- the amount of amine A during the reduction reaction is preferably 0.1 to 20 equivalents relative to silver when the metal nanoparticles are silver.
- the silver ion concentration in the reaction solvent is preferably 0.05 to 5.0 mol / L.
- amine B may be added to the dispersion containing metal nanoparticles whose surface is coated with amine A to obtain the metal nanoparticle dispersion according to this embodiment, or the solid content concentration of the dispersion Before and after the adjustment, the addition of the solvent, etc., amine B may be added to obtain the metal nanoparticle dispersion according to this embodiment.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion may be made into a paste using a kneading defoaming machine or the like. In this case, the mixture is introduced into a kneading defoamer to form a kneaded product of the dispersion. Then, if necessary, a mechanical dispersion process is performed to obtain a paste.
- the amount of amine B added is preferably 0.1 to 1 part by mass of amine B with respect to 100 parts by mass of metal nanoparticles coated with amine A.
- Said metal nanoparticle dispersion is suitable as a joining material used for joining between substances by having said structure, for example. Below, the method of joining a metal and a metal using a metal nanoparticle dispersion is demonstrated.
- a metal substrate and a metal chip are prepared.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion is applied onto a substrate.
- the method for applying the metal nanoparticle dispersion is not particularly limited as long as it can be uniformly applied onto the substrate, and examples thereof include a printing method, a dispenser, and a pin transfer method.
- a chip is placed on the coated metal nanoparticle dispersion and heated to a predetermined temperature (for example, 110 to 200 ° C.) to remove the dispersion medium and amine A, and to sinter the metal nanoparticles. Tie.
- the amine A covering the surface of the metal nanoparticles is easily detached from the surface. Therefore, amine A decomposes or evaporates and is removed at a lower temperature than when amine B is not present.
- the metal nanoparticles are sintered and integrated while being at a low temperature (for example, 200 ° C. or lower), whereby the substrate and the chip are firmly bonded via the metal constituting the metal nanoparticles.
- the metal and the metal can be firmly bonded even at a low temperature (for example, 200 ° C. or lower).
- a low temperature for example, 200 ° C. or lower.
- the amine B covering the surface of the metal nanoparticles is included in the dispersion medium in order to make it easier to quickly desorb the amine A.
- the amine B has fewer carbon atoms than the amine A and is a linear alkylamine or alkanolamine.
- the amine B having the above structure allows the amine A covering the surface of the metal nanoparticles to be sintered from the surface. The effect of peeling off occurs. As a result, compared with the case where the amine B is not present in the dispersion medium, the amine A quickly desorbs from the surface of the metal nanoparticles at a lower temperature, and the metal nanoparticles easily sinter. Conclusion is possible.
- the bonding strength can be increased because sintering is sufficiently performed even when the bonding temperature (heating temperature) is low.
- the metal which comprises a metal nanoparticle has electroconductivity, conduction
- conduction is sufficiently ensured only by sintering the metal nanoparticles, it is necessary to further add conductivity particles of micron ( ⁇ m) order to the metal nanoparticle dispersion to ensure conduction, for example. Absent.
- amine B has a smaller number of carbon atoms than amine A, one having a smaller molecular weight is usually used. Therefore, when the metal nanoparticles are sintered, the amine B is rapidly decomposed or evaporated, so that after the joining, the amine B does not remain in the joined portion to deteriorate the characteristics.
- the bonding material here is a conductive paste
- examples of the objects to be bonded include an electric circuit on an electronic substrate and an electronic component mounted thereon. Specific examples include IC chips.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion is used as a bonding material.
- the use of the metal nanoparticle dispersion is not limited to the bonding material.
- the metal nanoparticle dispersion is used for forming a conductive film. Also good.
- the conductive film may be formed by a known method. For example, by applying a metal nanoparticle dispersion on a substrate or the like and heating the metal nanoparticle to sinter the metal nanoparticle, the amine B is not present in the dispersion medium at a lower temperature. A conductive film having a desired resistivity can be formed. When importance is attached to the low resistivity, it is preferable to form the conductive film using a metal nanoparticle dispersion in which amine A is octylamine and amine B is diethanolamine.
- Example 1 Preparation of silver nanoparticles 3422 g of pure water as a reaction medium was put in a 5 L reaction tank and adjusted to 40 ° C.
- reaction medium 51.06 g of octylamine as amine A (special grade, molecular weight 129.24, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) (a molar ratio of amine A to silver is 2), and hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent (80% solution of Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) 6.18 g (the molar ratio of the reducing agent to silver is 2) and 345 rpm with a stirring blade while blowing nitrogen gas as an inert gas at a flow rate of 200 mL / min The reaction solution was stirred.
- the concentrated solution obtained by this decantation was placed in a 50 mL vial, 30 g of toluene was added, the mixture was shaken by hand and stirred for 1 minute, and then allowed to stand for 2 to 3 minutes to remove the supernatant. This was repeated three times to prepare 30 g (solid content: 70% by weight) of slurry in which silver nanoparticles whose surface was coated with octylamine were dispersed in toluene.
- the obtained silver nanoparticles were observed with a SEM (S-4700 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation) at a magnification of 50,000 times to obtain an SEM image.
- SEM S-4700 manufactured by Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation
- 100 or more arbitrary silver nanoparticles were calculated to have an average particle diameter of 35.6 nm by image analysis software (A Image-kun (registered trademark) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Engineering Co., Ltd.). .
- the Cu substrate and the Cu chip were joined.
- a metal mask (mask thickness 50 ⁇ m) is placed on a Cu substrate, and a silver nanoparticle dispersion paste is applied onto the Cu substrate by a printing method using a metal squeegee to form a 2.5 mm square pattern. did.
- the film is heated from room temperature to 80 ° C. at a heating rate of 1 ° C./s, held at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes to remove octanediol, and then cooled to form a film in which silver nanoparticles are dispersed. It was formed on a Cu substrate.
- a 2 mm square Cu chip was placed on the film, and pressure bonding was performed using a flip chip bonder (manufactured by M-90 Hisol).
- the pressure bonding conditions were as follows: a 10 MPa load was applied under a nitrogen atmosphere, the sample was heated from 25 ° C. to 150 ° C. at a rate of 1 ° C./s, and held at 150 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- the load was removed, and the resultant was cooled to room temperature at a rate of about 1 ° C./s to obtain a joined body of a Cu substrate and a Cu chip.
- the shear strength shown below was measured.
- a test was performed using a DAGE bond tester (series 4000). The test was performed at room temperature with a shear height of 150 ⁇ m and a test speed of 5 mm / min. The results are shown in Table 1. Further, the fractured joint after the test was observed by SEM. A SEM photograph is shown in FIG.
- Example 2 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that butylamine was added instead of triethanolamine as amine B, and a joining test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 1 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that triethanolamine as amine B was not added, and a joining test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 2 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that diglycolic acid which is not an amine compound defined in amine B was added instead of triethanolamine as amine B. Similarly, a joining test was conducted. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG.
- Example 3 Example except that the surface of the silver nanoparticles was coated with hexanoic acid which is not an amine compound defined in amine A instead of octylamine as amine A, and butylamine was added as amine B instead of triethanolamine
- a silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared, and a joining test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- amine A is octylamine and amine B is triethanolamine or butylamine.
- Example 3 To 30 g of the silver nanoparticle slurry prepared in Example 1, 3.17 g of terpineol (mixed structural isomers manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a dispersion medium was added, and after shaking for 1 minute by hand, The supernatant was removed by standing for a period of time to obtain a slurry in which silver nanoparticles were dispersed in terpineol.
- terpineol mixed structural isomers manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- amine B 0.006 g of triethanolamine (special grade, molecular weight 149.2, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as amine B was mixed, and a kneading deaerator (V-mini300 type manufactured by EME) was added.
- the paste-like silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared by kneading for 30 seconds under conditions of a revolution speed of 1400 rpm and a rotation speed of 700 rpm.
- a conductive film was formed using the obtained silver nanoparticle dispersion paste.
- a metal mask (mask thickness 50 ⁇ m) was placed on an alumina substrate, and a silver nanoparticle dispersion paste was applied on the alumina substrate by a printing method using a metal squeegee to form a 10 mm square pattern.
- the film was heated from room temperature to 120 ° C. and held at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a conductive film on the alumina substrate.
- the volume resistivity was measured with the 4-probe method. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 4 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that diethanolamine was added instead of triethanolamine as amine B, and the volume resistivity of the conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 3. . The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that butylamine was added instead of triethanolamine as amine B, and the volume resistivity of the conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 3. . The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 4 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that triethanolamine as amine B was not added, and the volume resistivity of the conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 6 3.30 g of butyl carbitol acetate (BCA) as a dispersion medium was added to 30 g of the silver nanoparticle slurry prepared in Example 1, and the mixture was shaken by hand for 1 minute and then allowed to stand for 1 hour. And a slurry in which silver nanoparticles were dispersed in BCA was obtained.
- BCA butyl carbitol acetate
- Example 7 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that diethanolamine was added instead of triethanolamine as amine B, and the volume resistivity of the conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 3. . The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 5 A silver nanoparticle dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6 except that triethanolamine as amine B was not added, and the volume resistivity of the conductive film was measured in the same manner as in Example 3. The results are shown in Table 2.
- amine A is octylamine and amine B is triethanolamine, diethanolamine or butylamine.
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Abstract
Description
炭素原子数が8以上であるアミンAにより表面の少なくとも一部が被覆されている金属ナノ粒子と、
前記金属ナノ粒子を分散するための分散媒と、を有し、
前記分散媒は、炭素原子数が7以下の1級、2級または3級アミンであって、直鎖のアルキルアミンまたはアルカノールアミンであるアミンBを含むことを特徴とする金属ナノ粒子分散体である。
炭素原子数が8以上であるアミンAを、金属ナノ粒子の表面の少なくとも一部に付着させる工程と、
前記金属ナノ粒子を分散するための分散媒に、炭素原子数が7以下の1級、2級または3級アミンであって、直鎖のアルキルアミンまたはアルカノールアミンであるアミンBを添加する工程と、を有することを特徴とする金属ナノ粒子分散体の製造方法である。
上記のいずれかに記載の金属ナノ粒子分散体を含む接合材を用いて複数の被接合物を接合することを特徴とする接合方法である。
1.金属ナノ粒子分散体
2.金属ナノ粒子分散体の製造方法
3.金属ナノ粒子分散体を用いた接合方法
4.本実施形態の効果
本実施形態に係る金属ナノ粒子分散体は、金属ナノ粒子と分散媒とを含んでおり、金属ナノ粒子が分散媒中に分散している。金属ナノ粒子分散体は、粘度が比較的に低い液体であってもよいし、粘度が比較的に高いペーストであってもよい。
本実施形態に係る金属ナノ粒子分散体を製造する方法としては特に制限されず、公知の方法により製造することができる。本実施形態では、以下に示す方法により金属ナノ粒子分散体を製造する。
上記の金属ナノ粒子分散体は、上記の構成を有していることにより、たとえば、物質間の接合に用いる接合材として好適である。以下に、金属ナノ粒子分散体を用いて、金属と金属とを接合する方法について説明する。
上記の実施形態では、金属ナノ粒子の表面を被覆しているアミンAをより速やかに脱離しやすくするために、分散媒にアミンBを含有させている。このアミンBは、アミンAに比べて、炭素原子数が少なく、直鎖のアルキルアミンまたはアルカノールアミンである。
(銀ナノ粒子の作製)
5Lの反応槽に反応媒体としての純水3422gを入れて40℃に調整した。該反応媒体に、アミンAとしてのオクチルアミン(和光純薬株式会社製の特級、分子量129.24)51.06g(銀に対するアミンAのモル比が2)と、還元剤としてのヒドラジン水和物(大塚化学株式会社の80%溶液)6.18g(銀に対する還元剤のモル比が2)と、を添加し、不活性ガスとして窒素ガスを200mL/分の流量で吹き込みながら、撹拌羽根により345rpmで撹拌し、反応溶液とした。
この銀ナノ粒子が分散したスラリー30gに分散媒としてのオクタンジオール3.7gを添加して、手で振って1分間撹拌した後、1時間静置してトルエンを揮発させ、オクタンジオールに銀ナノ粒子が分散した固形分85重量%のスラリーを得た。
得られた銀ナノ粒子分散体を用いて、Cu基板とCuチップとの接合を行った。まず、Cu基板上にメタルマスク(マスク厚50μm)を載置して、メタルスキージを用いる印刷法により、銀ナノ粒子分散体ペーストをCu基板上に塗布して、2.5mm角のパターンを形成した。塗布後、室温から80℃まで1℃/sの昇温速度で加熱し、80℃において10分間保持して、オクタンジオールを除去し、その後冷却して、銀ナノ粒子が分散している膜をCu基板上に形成した。
アミンBとして、トリエタノールアミンの代わりにブチルアミンを添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例1と同様にして、接合試験を行った。結果を表1および図1に示す。
アミンBとしてのトリエタノールアミンを添加しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例1と同様にして、接合試験を行った。結果を表1および図1に示す。
アミンBとしてのトリエタノールアミンの代わりに、アミンBに規定されるアミン化合物ではないジグリコール酸を添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例1と同様にして、接合試験を行った。結果を表1および図1に示す。
アミンAとしてのオクチルアミンの代わりに、アミンAに規定されるアミン化合物ではないヘキサン酸により銀ナノ粒子の表面を被覆し、アミンBとして、トリエタノールアミンの代わりにブチルアミンを添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例1と同様にして、接合試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子スラリー30gに、分散媒としてのテルピネオール(和光純薬工業株式会社製構造異性体混合)3.17gを添加して、手で振って1分間撹拌した後、1時間静置して上澄み液を取り除き、テルピネオールに銀ナノ粒子が分散したスラリーを得た。
得られた銀ナノ粒子分散体ペーストを用いて導電膜を形成した。まず、アルミナ基板上にメタルマスク(マスク厚50μm)を載置して、メタルスキージを用いる印刷法により、銀ナノ粒子分散体ペーストをアルミナ基板上に塗布して、10mm角のパターンを形成した。塗布後、室温から120℃まで加熱し、120℃において5分間保持して、導電膜をアルミナ基板上に形成した。得られた導電膜について、4探針法により、体積抵抗率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
アミンBとして、トリエタノールアミンの代わりにジエタノールアミンを添加した以外は実施例3と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例3と同様にして、導電膜の体積抵抗率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
アミンBとして、トリエタノールアミンの代わりにブチルアミンを添加した以外は実施例3と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例3と同様にして、導電膜の体積抵抗率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
アミンBとしてのトリエタノールアミンを添加しなかった以外は実施例3と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例3と同様にして、導電膜の体積抵抗率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1で作製した銀ナノ粒子スラリー30gに、分散媒としてのブチルカルビトールアセテート(BCA)3.17gを添加して、手で振って1分間撹拌した後、1時間静置して上澄み液を取り除き、BCAに銀ナノ粒子が分散したスラリーを得た。
アミンBとして、トリエタノールアミンの代わりにジエタノールアミンを添加した以外は実施例6と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例3と同様にして、導電膜の体積抵抗率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
アミンBとしてのトリエタノールアミンを添加しなかった以外は実施例6と同様にして、銀ナノ粒子分散体を作製し、実施例3と同様にして、導電膜の体積抵抗率を測定した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (7)
- 炭素原子数が8以上であるアミンAにより表面の少なくとも一部が被覆されている金属ナノ粒子と、
前記金属ナノ粒子を分散するための分散媒と、を有し、
前記分散媒は、炭素原子数が7以下の1級、2級または3級アミンであって、直鎖のアルキルアミンまたはアルカノールアミンであるアミンBを含むことを特徴とする金属ナノ粒子分散体。 - 前記金属ナノ粒子の平均粒子径が1~200nmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属ナノ粒子分散体。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子100質量部に対し、前記アミンBが0.1~1質量部含まれることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の金属ナノ粒子分散体。
- 前記金属ナノ粒子を構成する金属が銀を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の金属ナノ粒子分散体。
- 前記アミンAがオクチルアミンであり、前記アミンBがトリエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、ブチルアミンから選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の金属ナノ粒子分散体。
- 炭素原子数が8以上であるアミンAを、金属ナノ粒子の表面の少なくとも一部に付着させる工程と、
前記金属ナノ粒子を分散するための分散媒に、炭素原子数が7以下の1級、2級または3級アミンであって、直鎖のアルキルアミンまたはアルカノールアミンであるアミンBを添加する工程と、を有することを特徴とする金属ナノ粒子分散体の製造方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の金属ナノ粒子分散体を含む接合材を用いて複数の被接合物を接合することを特徴とする接合方法。
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