WO2014167764A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014167764A1 WO2014167764A1 PCT/JP2014/000877 JP2014000877W WO2014167764A1 WO 2014167764 A1 WO2014167764 A1 WO 2014167764A1 JP 2014000877 W JP2014000877 W JP 2014000877W WO 2014167764 A1 WO2014167764 A1 WO 2014167764A1
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- exhaust gas
- cathode
- fuel cell
- supplied
- air
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
- H01M8/0675—Removal of sulfur
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system including a desulfurization unit for desulfurizing a sulfur component from a raw material of an organic compound containing at least a sulfur component.
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system including a desulfurization unit that desulfurizes a sulfur component from a raw material by a hydrodesulfurization method.
- the fuel cell system is supplied with an organic compound containing carbon and hydrogen components as raw materials.
- the fuel cell system reforms the supplied raw material, for example, inside the fuel cell to generate hydrogen.
- a reformer is provided outside the fuel cell, and a reformed gas containing hydrogen is generated by reforming the raw material by the reformer.
- hydrogen is generated in this way, the fuel cell generates electricity and heat by a power generation reaction using the hydrogen and air supplied from the outside.
- the fuel cell system configured as described above is expected as an effective energy supply system for reducing carbon dioxide, which is a cause of global warming, because it can efficiently obtain electric energy and thermal energy.
- liquefied petroleum gas LPG
- liquefied natural gas LNG
- city gas shale gas
- methane hydrate and the like
- a odorant is added to such a raw material
- the sulfur component is contained in the raw material itself or the odorant added to the raw material.
- the sulfur component poisons the anode, leading to deterioration of the fuel cell performance or in the reformer.
- the reforming catalyst contained is poisoned and the reforming performance is deteriorated. Therefore, it is necessary to supply the raw material to the anode and the reformer after reducing the sulfur component in the raw material to the ppb order.
- a desulfurization section having a function of reducing sulfur components in the raw material is provided on the upstream side of the reformer.
- a normal temperature desulfurization method in which the sulfur component is physically adsorbed and removed at a normal temperature or a hydrodesulfurization method in which the sulfur component is removed by using hydrogen, etc.
- a catalyst having an activation temperature range of a predetermined temperature for example, about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C.
- hydrogen sulfide is produced
- the desulfurization section needs to be heated to maintain a predetermined temperature (for example, about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C. in the case of the hydrodesulfurization method) in order to stably remove the sulfur component.
- a predetermined temperature for example, about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C. in the case of the hydrodesulfurization method
- the fuel cell systems disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are disclosed as the fuel cell system that heats the desulfurization unit to a predetermined temperature.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a fuel cell system that heats a desulfurization section as follows. That is, combustion exhaust gas (fuel cell exhaust gas) is generated by burning together the anode off gas discharged from the anode of the fuel cell and the cathode off gas discharged from the cathode. Then, heat exchange is performed between the combustion exhaust gas and the cathode air supplied to the cathode, and a part of the heated cathode air is supplied to the desulfurization unit as a heat source.
- combustion exhaust gas fuel cell exhaust gas
- Patent Document 2 in order to maintain the desulfurization part at a predetermined temperature, water (reformed water) supplied to the reformer as a reforming raw material takes heat from the burner and gives the deprived heat to the desulfurization catalyst.
- a fuel cell system is presented.
- the conventional fuel cell system has a problem that the desulfurization part cannot be heated to a temperature suitable for desulfurization.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a desulfurization air supply line and a cathode air supply line in order to divert part of the cathode air supplied to the cathode and to heat a part of the cathode air by the combustion exhaust gas. And branch off.
- Each supply line is provided with a flow control valve. In such a configuration, the flow rate of the cathode air supplied to the desulfurization unit is adjusted by controlling the flow rate control valve.
- the flow rate control valves are provided and configured to control them.
- the flow rate of the cathode air flowing through the desulfurization air supply line and the flow rate of the cathode air flowing through the cathode air supply line are as follows. There is a problem that it is difficult to control the flow rate so as to have an appropriate flow rate. For this reason, it becomes difficult to supply the heated cathode air at an appropriate flow rate to the desulfurization unit, and the temperature of the desulfurization unit may not be maintained at an appropriate temperature. Furthermore, since the fuel cell system of Patent Document 1 is separately provided with a flow control valve, there is a problem that the configuration becomes more complicated and costly.
- the fuel cell system according to Patent Document 2 has a configuration in which water supplied to the reformer as a reforming raw material takes heat from the burner as described above and gives this deprived heat to the desulfurization catalyst. For this reason, it is suitable when the temperature of the desulfurization part is maintained near 100 ° C., but there is a problem that it cannot cope with a predetermined temperature (for example, about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C.) required for hydrodesulfurization.
- a predetermined temperature for example, about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system capable of heating a desulfurization section so as to have an appropriate temperature for desulfurization.
- a fuel cell system uses a fuel cell that generates power by a power generation reaction using fuel supplied to an anode and air supplied to a cathode, and is used in the fuel cell.
- a cathode air heat exchanger that transfers a part of the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas to the air by exchanging heat between the cathode exhaust gas that is the air after being heated and the air supplied to the cathode;
- a desulfurization section that removes the sulfur component of the supplied raw material, and a reformer that generates a reformed gas that serves as the fuel from the raw material from which the sulfur component has been removed by the desulfurization section and steam, and at least the cathode Cathode exhaust gas, in which part of the heat energy is lost due to heat exchange in the air heat exchanger, is supplied to the desulfurization section, and the heat energy of the cathode exhaust gas More heating the desulfurization unit.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention is configured as described above, and has an effect that the desulfurization section can be heated to a temperature suitable for desulfurization.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the desulfurization part with which the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a figure which shows an example of a structure of the desulfurization part with which the fuel cell system shown in FIG. 1 is provided.
- 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4.
- the present invention provides the following aspects.
- a fuel cell system includes a fuel cell that generates power by a power generation reaction using fuel supplied to an anode and air supplied to a cathode, and a fuel cell after being used in the fuel cell.
- a cathode air heat exchanger that moves part of the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas to the air by exchanging heat between the cathode exhaust gas that is air and the air supplied to the cathode, and the supplied raw material
- a desulfurization section that removes the sulfur component of the catalyst, and a reformer that generates a reformed gas that serves as the fuel from the raw material from which the sulfur component has been removed by the desulfurization section and steam, and at least the cathode air heat exchanger
- the cathode exhaust gas, in which part of the heat energy has been lost due to heat exchange, is supplied to the desulfurization unit, and the desulfurization unit is added by the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas.
- the cathode air heat exchanger since the cathode air heat exchanger is provided, the air supplied to the cathode is preheated, while the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the cathode is in a state where a part of the heat energy is lost. Then, at least part of the heat energy is removed by heat exchange in the cathode air heat exchanger, and the cathode exhaust gas whose temperature has been reduced is supplied to the desulfurization unit. Can be heated. That is, the cathode air heat exchanger can reduce the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas so that the desulfurization part can be heated at an appropriate temperature, and can supply the cathode exhaust gas adjusted to the appropriate temperature to the desulfurization part.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention has an effect that the desulfurization part can be heated so that the temperature becomes appropriate for desulfurization.
- the cathode exhaust gas supplied to the desulfurization part is one in which a part of heat energy is lost due to heat exchange in at least the cathode air heat exchanger. Therefore, the cathode exhaust gas may be supplied directly from the cathode air heat exchanger to the desulfurization unit. Alternatively, the cathode exhaust gas may be supplied to the desulfurization unit in a state where a part of the heat energy is further lost in the additional heat exchanger or the like via another additional heat exchanger or the like.
- the fuel cell system according to a second aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the first aspect, wherein the fuel cell system uses the anode exhaust gas used as the fuel in the fuel cell and discharged from the anode, and the cathode.
- An anode exhaust gas condenser that condenses the anode exhaust gas and collects condensed water by exchanging heat with air before being supplied and transferring a part of the thermal energy of the anode exhaust gas to the air.
- a part of the heat of the anode exhaust gas is obtained by heat exchange in the anode exhaust gas condenser, and preheated air is supplied to the cathode air heat exchanger.
- the anode exhaust gas condenser since the anode exhaust gas condenser is provided, the anode exhaust gas can be condensed and the condensed water can be recovered. For this reason, even in a place where the outside air temperature is high, condensed water can be recovered from the anode exhaust gas, and water can be independent even when the fuel cell system is operated. In addition, it is possible to prevent the anode exhaust gas from being condensed and generating water clogging in the course of the passage of the anode exhaust gas.
- the air after the air is preheated by the anode exhaust gas condenser, it can be further supplied to the cathode air heat exchanger and further heated. For this reason, air can be supplied to the cathode in a properly preheated state.
- the fuel cell system according to a third aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the second aspect, wherein the desulfurization section is configured to remove the sulfur component of the raw material by a hydrodesulfurization method. May be.
- the fuel cell system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the third aspect, wherein a part of the anode exhaust gas from which condensed water is recovered by the anode exhaust gas condenser is diverted to the desulfurization section.
- the desulfurization section further includes a recycle path that is a path for supplying the upstream side of the gas, and the desulfurization unit adsorbs a sulfur component in the raw material in a mixed gas obtained by mixing a part of the anode exhaust gas and the raw material. You may be comprised so that it may have a catalyst.
- the desulfurization part can adsorb
- the fuel cell system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the anode exhaust gas condenser is utilized by using the supplied combustion air.
- the reformer further comprises a combustion section for combusting the anode exhaust gas from which condensed water has been collected by the combustion section, and the reformer utilizes the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas generated by burning the anode exhaust gas by the combustion section.
- the reformed gas may be generated from the supplied raw material and water vapor by a quality reaction.
- the reformer since the combustion section is provided, the reformer can be heated to a predetermined temperature using the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion section. For this reason, a reformer can be made into the predetermined temperature required in order to implement reforming reaction, and reforming reaction can be implemented efficiently.
- the fuel cell system according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the fifth aspect, wherein combustion exhaust gas in which a part of thermal energy is used in the reformer is supplied, and the combustion exhaust gas It may be configured to include an evaporating section that vaporizes the condensed water using the thermal energy possessed by and generates water vapor to be added to the raw material supplied to the reformer.
- the combustion exhaust gas that is used by the reformer and loses part of the heat energy is supplied to the evaporation section, and the condensed water can be vaporized using the heat energy of the combustion exhaust gas.
- the evaporation part can produce
- the fuel cell system according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the fifth aspect, wherein the reformer heats the combustion exhaust gas in which a part of heat energy is used and the desulfurization part.
- the reformer heats the combustion exhaust gas in which a part of heat energy is used and the desulfurization part.
- cathode exhaust gas that uses a part of the thermal energy is supplied, and the condensed water is vaporized by the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas, respectively, to the raw material supplied to the reformer You may be comprised so that the evaporation part which produces
- the evaporation section uses the combustion exhaust gas that is used in the reformer and loses a part of the heat energy, and the cathode that is used in the desulfurization section and that loses a part of the heat energy.
- Exhaust gas is supplied. For this reason, for example, even when the condensed water cannot be sufficiently vaporized only by the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas, the shortage of thermal energy necessary for vaporizing this condensed water can be compensated by the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas. it can.
- the fuel cell system according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the fifth aspect, wherein the combustion exhaust gas in which a part of thermal energy is used in the reformer and the cathode air heat exchange are used.
- the cathode exhaust gas in which part of the heat energy is lost due to heat exchange in the cooler is supplied, and the condensed water is vaporized by the thermal energy of each of the combustion exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas and supplied to the reformer
- the evaporation section uses the combustion exhaust gas that is used in the reformer and loses a part of the heat energy, and the cathode that is used in the desulfurization section and that loses a part of the heat energy.
- Exhaust gas is supplied. For this reason, for example, even when the condensed water cannot be sufficiently vaporized only by the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas, the shortage of thermal energy necessary for vaporizing this condensed water can be compensated by the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas. it can.
- the cathode exhaust gas after the heat exchange with the cathode air heat exchanger can be further supplied to the desulfurization unit by using heat in the evaporation unit. That is, even if the cathode exhaust heat cannot be lowered to the optimum temperature for heating the desulfurization unit by heat exchange in the cathode air heat exchanger, it is further supplied to the desulfurization unit using heat in the evaporation unit. By doing so, the cathode exhaust gas at the optimum temperature can be supplied to the desulfurization section. For this reason, the desulfurization part can perform desulfurization appropriately.
- the fuel cell system according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the seventh aspect, wherein the fuel is supplied to the cathode exhaust gas in which a part of thermal energy is used in the evaporation unit and to the combustion unit. It may be configured to include a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the combustion air.
- a fuel cell system according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the fuel cell system according to the eighth aspect, wherein the desulfurization unit uses a part of the thermal energy and is supplied to the combustion unit. It may be configured to include a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the combustion air.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to the first embodiment.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 includes an evaporation unit 10, a reformer 12, a combustion unit 14, an anode exhaust gas condenser 16, an anode exhaust gas radiator 18, a fuel cell 20, and cathode air heat exchange. And a desulfurization section 46 on which a desulfurization catalyst 47 is mounted.
- the raw material is first supplied to the desulfurization unit 46.
- the desulfurization unit 46 removes sulfur components from the raw material by, for example, hydrodesulfurization, and supplies the raw material after this desulfurization to the reformer 12.
- the hydrogen necessary for hydrodesulfurization in the desulfurization section 46 is part of the anode exhaust gas that is diverted from the anode exhaust gas containing anode gas (reformed gas) that is not used in the fuel cell 20. It is comprised so that it may be obtained from.
- the reformer 12 is supplied with steam obtained by vaporizing condensed water in the evaporation unit 10 and reforming air supplied from the outside.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 is configured to condense the anode exhaust gas and use the obtained condensed water as reformed water, as will be described in detail later.
- the reformer 12 reforms the supplied raw material using the vaporized condensed water and reforming air.
- the reformer 12 generates an anode gas (reformed gas) containing hydrogen as the fuel for the fuel cell 20 and supplies the anode gas to the anode 22 of the fuel cell 20.
- cathode air air
- the fuel cell 20 uses the cathode air supplied to the cathode 24 and the anode gas supplied to the anode 22.
- Power is generated by the power generation reaction.
- the electric power obtained by the power generation of the fuel cell 20 is supplied to an external load via a terminal (not shown).
- a terminal not shown.
- a device constituting a radio base station such as a mobile phone can be used.
- it can be set as a general household use or a commercial distributed generation apparatus, or a combined heat and power supply apparatus.
- the fuel cell 20 included in the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 will be described by taking a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) as an example.
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- any fuel cell that discharges anode offgas containing hydrogen may be used.
- the fuel cell 20 is not limited to this.
- the produced water (water vapor) is contained in the anode off gas, and the produced water can be efficiently condensed from the anode off gas even at a place where the outside air temperature is high.
- a fuel cell such as a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is advantageous.
- Examples of the raw material supplied from the outside in the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 include, for example, a gas containing an organic compound such as LPG gas, propane gas, butane gas, or city gas mainly containing methane, kerosene, or alcohol. Can be used.
- a gas containing an organic compound such as LPG gas, propane gas, butane gas, or city gas mainly containing methane, kerosene, or alcohol.
- the reformer 12 provided in the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 uses an oxidative steam reforming reaction (hydrocarbon reforming reaction) using hydrocarbons contained in the raw material after desulfurization and oxygen contained in the reforming air.
- oxidative Steam Reforming oxidative Steam Reforming
- the reforming reaction performed in the reformer 12 is not limited to the oxidative steam reforming reaction, and may be a partial oxidation reforming reaction, an autothermal reforming reaction, or a steam reforming reaction. .
- the reforming reaction is likely to proceed in terms of heat balance, and the reformer 12 can be made smaller than a configuration using steam reforming. Is advantageous.
- a sulfur compound is contained in the raw material, it is easily converted to SO 2 and then converted to H 2 S, and poisoning of the electrode catalyst of the anode 22 in the fuel cell 20 can be reduced. But it is advantageous.
- the reformer 12 provided in the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 has a configuration in which, for example, a reforming catalyst is filled in a casing.
- a reforming catalyst for example, an alumina carrier impregnated with at least one of nickel, ruthenium, platinum, and rhodium can be used.
- the reforming catalyst is not particularly limited, and for example, various catalysts that can advance the oxidative steam reforming reaction can be used.
- the reformer 12 needs to be maintained at a predetermined temperature when the oxidative steam reforming reaction proceeds. In the first embodiment, the reformer 12 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas generated by burning the anode exhaust gas in the combustion unit 14.
- a cathode air supply 50 is provided in the middle of the cathode air passage 38 through which the cathode air flows, and the flow rate of air supplied to the cathode 24 by the cathode air supply 50 is as follows. Adjusted. A raw material supply device 52 is provided in the middle of the raw material path 28 through which the raw material flows, and the raw material flow rate supplied to the anode 22 is adjusted by the raw material supply device 52.
- the fuel cell 20 includes the anode 22 to which the anode gas reformed by the reformer 12 is supplied and the cathode 24 to which cathode air is supplied.
- a plurality of fuel cell single cells that generate electricity by performing a power generation reaction between them are connected in series.
- YSZ yttria-stabilized zirconia
- ZrO 2 zirconia
- Y yttrium oxide
- Y 2 O 3 yttrium oxide
- electrolyte or the like yte oxide
- zirconia doped with ytterbium (Yb) or scandium (Sc), or a lanthanum gallate solid electrolyte can be used.
- Yb ytterbium
- Sc scandium
- a power generation reaction is performed in a temperature range of about 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C., for example.
- an electrode material of the anode 22 for example, a mixture of nickel and YSZ or the like is used.
- the electrode material of the cathode 24 for example, an oxide containing lanthanum, strontium, manganese (La 0.8 Sr 0.2 MnO 3 ), an oxide containing lanthanum, strontium, cobalt, iron (La 0.6 Sr 0.4 Co 0.2). Fe 0.8 O 3 ) or the like is used.
- the cell structure of the fuel cell 20 is, for example, a flat plate type, and is configured such that anode exhaust gas and cathode exhaust gas are separately discharged from the fuel cell 20.
- the structure of the fuel cell 20 is not particularly limited to a flat plate type, and may be a cylindrical type or a cylindrical flat plate type as long as the anode exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas are separately discharged, for example. .
- the flow paths of the fluid supplied to the fuel cell system having the above-described configuration are mainly paths through which cathode air and cathode exhaust gas flow (cathode air path 38, cathode exhaust gas path 40), raw material, anode gas, and anode.
- the exhaust gas and the combustion exhaust gas can be broadly classified into paths (a raw material path 28, an anode gas path 26, an anode exhaust gas path 29, and a combustion exhaust gas path 42). Therefore, in the following, both routes will be described individually.
- the cathode air is supplied to the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 through the cathode air path 38 by the cathode air supplier 50.
- the cathode air supplied to the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 is heated (preheated) by heat exchange with the anode exhaust gas supplied to the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 via another path.
- the cathode air is supplied to the cathode air heat exchanger 44 in such a preheated state.
- the cathode air heat exchanger 44 is configured such that cathode air before being supplied to the cathode 24 of the fuel cell 20 and cathode exhaust gas after being discharged from the cathode 24 are supplied respectively. Heat exchange takes place at.
- the cathode exhaust gas immediately after being discharged from the cathode 24 has a high temperature of about 850 ° C. For this reason, the cathode air is heated to about 650 ° C. by heat exchange with the cathode exhaust gas in the cathode air heat exchanger 44. Conversely, the cathode exhaust gas is supplied to the desulfurization section 46 through the cathode exhaust gas path 40 in a state where the temperature is lowered to, for example, about 350 ° C. to 380 ° C. The cathode exhaust gas dissipates heat while flowing through the cathode exhaust gas passage 40 and is supplied to the desulfurization section 46 in a state where the temperature is lowered to about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C., for example.
- the cathode exhaust gas passage 40 is configured so that the cathode exhaust gas hardly dissipates heat, the flow rate of the cathode air and the cathode exhaust gas flowing through the cathode air heat exchanger 44 is changed, or both of them exchange heat.
- the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas can be adjusted to about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C., for example, by increasing the possible section.
- the cathode exhaust gas of about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C. is supplied to the desulfurization section 46, desulfurization is performed to a desired temperature in the hydrodesulfurization method using a part of the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas.
- the part 46 can be heated.
- the cathode exhaust gas that has lost part of the heat energy by heating the desulfurization unit 46 is supplied to the evaporation unit 10. And in the evaporation part 10, a part of thermal energy which cathode exhaust gas has is utilized in order to vaporize condensed water.
- the raw material flowing through the raw material path 28 by the raw material supplier 52 is joined to a part of the anode exhaust gas flowing through the recycling path 30 by the hydrogen supplier 54 and supplied to the desulfurization unit 46.
- the desulfurization unit 46 is maintained at a predetermined temperature by the thermal energy possessed by the cathode exhaust gas, generates hydrogen sulfide from the supplied raw material and hydrogen contained in the anode exhaust gas, Sulfur is chemically adsorbed on the desulfurization catalyst 47.
- the raw material thus desulfurized is supplied to the reformer 12 together with the condensed water vaporized by the evaporator 10 and the reforming air supplied by the reforming air pump 58.
- the reformer 12 uses the vaporized condensed water and the reforming air to reform the supplied raw material to generate a reformed gas (anode gas) containing hydrogen.
- the anode gas is supplied to the anode 22 of the fuel cell 20 through the anode gas passage 26.
- the anode gas supplied to the anode 22 of the fuel cell 20 is discharged as anode exhaust gas.
- the anode exhaust gas is guided to the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 through the anode exhaust gas passage 29.
- the cathode exhaust air before being supplied to the cathode 24 is also led to the anode exhaust gas condenser 16, and heat is exchanged between them.
- part of the thermal energy of the anode exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell 20 and having a high temperature moves to the cathode air, and the cathode air is heated.
- the temperature of the cathode air rises from room temperature to about 260 ° C., for example.
- the anode exhaust gas loses a part of heat energy due to heat exchange with the cathode air, and the temperature is lowered. And anode exhaust gas is condensed by the temperature fall, and condensed water is produced
- the anode exhaust gas radiator 18 is provided to increase the amount of condensed water that can be recovered from the anode exhaust gas. Therefore, when only the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 can recover the condensed water at a flow rate required by the reformer 12, it is not always necessary to provide it.
- the anode exhaust gas that has passed through the anode exhaust gas radiator 18 is burned together with combustion air in the combustion section 14. That is, combustion air is supplied from the outside to the combustion unit 14 by the combustion air supply device 51, and this combustion air and anode exhaust gas are mixed and burned in the combustion unit 14.
- the combustion exhaust gas generated by this combustion is guided to the reformer 12. And the reformer 12 is heated so that it may become predetermined
- the combustion exhaust gas that has lost part of the heat energy in the reformer 12 is supplied to the evaporation section 10. And in the evaporation part 10, condensed water is heated with the thermal energy which combustion exhaust gas has. That is, as described above, the evaporation unit 10 is configured to vaporize condensed water by the thermal energy of the cathode exhaust gas and the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas. However, when the condensed water can be sufficiently vaporized only by the thermal energy of the combustion exhaust gas, it is not necessary to supply the cathode exhaust gas to the evaporation unit 10.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 has a configuration in which condensed water is recovered from the anode exhaust gas and heated to maintain the desulfurization unit 46 at a predetermined temperature using the cathode exhaust gas. This is because the anode exhaust gas circulates less than the cathode exhaust gas and contains more water vapor, so that condensed water can be recovered more efficiently from the anode exhaust gas.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 includes six heat exchangers (first to sixth heat exchangers), and each performs heat exchange. It can also be said.
- the cathode air heat exchanger 44 heat exchange is performed between the cathode air before being supplied to the cathode 24 and the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the cathode 24. That is, the cathode air heat exchanger 44 functions as a first heat exchanger.
- the desulfurization section 46 heat exchange is performed between the cathode exhaust gas after passing through the cathode air heat exchanger 44 and a mixed gas obtained by mixing a part of the separated anode exhaust gas and the raw material. That is, the desulfurization part 46 functions as a second heat exchanger.
- anode exhaust gas condenser 16 heat exchange is performed between the anode exhaust gas discharged from the anode 22 and the cathode air. That is, the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 functions as a third heat exchanger.
- the anode exhaust gas radiator 18 heat exchange is performed between the anode exhaust gas in which a part of heat energy has been lost due to heat exchange with the cathode air in the anode exhaust gas condenser 16 and the atmosphere. That is, the anode exhaust gas radiator 18 functions as a fourth heat exchanger.
- the reformer 12 heat exchange is performed between the combustion exhaust gas generated by burning the anode exhaust gas in the combustion unit 14 and the raw material to which the condensed water vaporized in the evaporation unit 10 is added.
- the reforming heat necessary for reforming the raw material in the reformer 12 can be obtained from the combustion exhaust gas. That is, the reformer 12 functions as a fifth heat exchanger.
- the evaporation unit 10 heat exchange is performed between the flue gas that has lost part of the heat energy in the reformer 12 and the condensed water. Further, heat exchange is performed between the cathode exhaust gas after passing through the desulfurization unit 46 and the condensed water.
- the heat energy necessary for vaporizing the condensed water in the evaporator 10 can be obtained from the combustion exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas by this heat exchange. That is, the evaporation unit 10 functions as a sixth heat exchanger.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 has a configuration including the cathode air supplier 50, the combustion air supplier 51, the raw material supplier 52, and the hydrogen supplier 54 as described above.
- the cathode air supply device 50 and the combustion air supply device 51 may be a blower such as a blower, for example.
- the raw material supplier 52 may be, for example, a raw material booster, a decompressor, or the like.
- the hydrogen supplier 54 may be, for example, a pump, an ejector, an orifice, or the like.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the desulfurization unit 46 included in the fuel cell system illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the desulfurization unit 46 has a double-pipe structure in which the mixed gas of the raw material and the anode exhaust gas and the cathode exhaust gas can flow without being mixed. That is, the desulfurization part 46 has a structure in which a pipe (inner pipe) having a smaller diameter is arranged in a pipe (outer pipe) having a larger diameter.
- the inner pipe is filled with a desulfurization catalyst 47, and the raw material and anode exhaust gas (hydrogen-containing gas) flow through the inner pipe.
- the cathode exhaust gas flows through a space surrounding the outer periphery of the inner tube (a space formed between the outer tube and the inner tube) in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the mixed gas of the raw material and the anode exhaust gas. And when both pass the desulfurization part 46, heat exchange is performed.
- the cathode exhaust gas is supplied to the desulfurization unit 46 at 270 to 350 ° C., heats the mixed gas, and is discharged from the desulfurization unit 46 at 250 to 330 ° C.
- This temperature drop (about 20 ° C.) not only gives heat to the mixed gas, but also includes heat radiation.
- the mixed gas of the raw material gas and the anode exhaust gas (hydrogen-containing gas) is supplied to the desulfurization section 46 at room temperature, takes heat from the cathode exhaust gas, and is discharged at 250 to 330 ° C.
- the desulfurization catalyst 47 mounted on the desulfurization unit 46 includes a catalyst suitable for hydrodesulfurization (for example, a mixture of copper, zinc oxide, and aluminum oxide).
- the desulfurization section 46 can be maintained at a predetermined temperature (for example, about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C.) that is a catalyst activation temperature range.
- the configuration of the desulfurization unit 46 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the cathode exhaust gas may flow through the inner tube, and a mixed gas of the raw material and the anode exhaust gas (hydrogen-containing gas) may flow through the outer periphery thereof.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of the desulfurization unit 46 included in the fuel cell system illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the desulfurization section 46 shown in FIG. 3 has a double pipe structure similar to the desulfurization section 46 shown in FIG. 2, but the cathode exhaust gas flows through the inner pipe of the double pipe, and the outer circumference of the inner pipe ( A mixed gas of the raw material and the anode exhaust gas (hydrogen-containing gas) is circulated through a space formed between the inner tube and the outer tube.
- the desulfurization unit 46 When the desulfurization unit 46 is configured in this manner, the heat radiation area of the cathode exhaust gas having a larger heat capacity than that of the configuration shown in FIG. 2 can be reduced, so the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the desulfurization unit 46 is increased by about 10 ° C. (260-340 ° C.).
- the fuel cell system can be operated with high efficiency. That is, when the amount of heat and temperature of the cathode exhaust gas supplied to the evaporation unit 10 both rise, the temperature of the evaporation unit 10 increases. As a result, the temperature of the condensed water that is vaporized and discharged by the evaporation unit 10 rises, and further, the temperature of the raw material to which the vaporized condensed water is added also rises.
- the temperature of the raw material supplied to the reformer 12 increases, the temperature of the anode gas generated by the reformer 12 using this raw material also increases.
- the flow volume of the fuel required for the heat self-supporting in the fuel cell 20 and its temperature maintenance can be reduced. That is, in the fuel cell system, the flow rate of the fuel used for other than the power generation reaction can be reduced, so that the ratio of the fuel that is input to the fuel cell system and used for the power generation reaction can be improved.
- the flow rate of the raw material supplied from the outside to the fuel cell system in order to generate predetermined power can be reduced. Therefore, the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 can realize highly efficient operation.
- the desulfurization unit 46 can be easily set to a predetermined temperature without requiring special control unlike the fuel cell system disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above. Can be maintained. Therefore, a fuel cell system with high reliability, high efficiency, and low cost can be provided.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to the second embodiment.
- the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment is different from the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment in the path through which the cathode exhaust gas flows (cathode exhaust path 40).
- the cathode exhaust gas is discharged from the cathode air heat exchanger 44 and then flows through the cathode exhaust gas path 40 in the order of the desulfurization unit 46 and the evaporation unit 10.
- the actual embodiment 2 is different in that after being discharged from the cathode air heat exchanger 44, the cathode exhaust gas passage 40 is circulated in the order of the evaporation section 10 and the desulfurization section 46.
- the desulfurization unit 46 Before that, the cathode exhaust gas is supplied to the evaporation section 10. Then, the temperature is lowered to about 250 ° C. to 320 ° C. by heat exchange with the reforming water in the evaporation unit 10 and then supplied to the desulfurization unit 46.
- the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas supplied from the cathode air heat exchanger 44 to the desulfurization unit 46 is too high, the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas is lowered to an appropriate temperature by heat exchange in the evaporation unit 10 and then desulfurized.
- the part 46 can be supplied.
- the activation temperature range of the desulfurization catalyst 47 filled in the desulfurization section 46 is lower than the above-described range of 250 ° C. to 320 ° C., for example, 100 ° C. to 250 ° C., the temperature of the desulfurization section 46 is within this temperature range It is also effective for maintaining it stably.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to the third embodiment.
- the fuel cell system according to the third embodiment is that the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment is further provided with a heat exchanger 48 and the path through which the cathode exhaust gas flows (cathode exhaust path 40). And different. Specifically, in Embodiment 1, the cathode exhaust gas is discharged from the cathode air heat exchanger 44 and then flows through the cathode exhaust gas path 40 in the order of the desulfurization unit 46 and the evaporation unit 10. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, a heat exchanger 48 is further provided on the downstream side of the evaporation unit 10, and the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the evaporation unit 10 in this heat exchanger 48 and the combustion before being supplied to the combustion unit 14. Heat exchange with air. And it differs in the point which gives the thermal energy which cathode exhaust gas has to combustion air, and preheats combustion air by this.
- the temperature of the combustion air supplied to the combustion unit 14 can be increased. Moreover, since the temperature of combustion air can be raised, the temperature of the combustion part 14 can also be raised.
- the temperature of the combustion unit 14 can be raised in this way, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the combustion unit 14 to the reformer 12 rises, and thereby the temperature of the reformer 12 also rises. Further, when the temperature of the reformer 12 rises, the reforming efficiency in the reformer 12 is improved and the temperature of the anode gas discharged from the reformer 12 also rises. Further, in the fuel cell system, when the combustion section 14 is brought to a predetermined temperature, the flow rate of the anode exhaust gas used for combustion can be reduced, so that the fuel input to the fuel cell system can be reduced and used for the power generation reaction. It is possible to improve the fuel ratio. As a result, the flow rate of the raw material supplied from the outside to the fuel cell system in order to generate predetermined power can be reduced. Therefore, system efficiency is improved.
- the temperature of the anode gas supplied from the reformer 12 to the anode 22 is increased, it becomes easy to maintain the anode 22 at a predetermined temperature in the fuel cell 20, and a temperature drop due to internal reforming at the anode 22 is prevented. be able to. For this reason, the temperature of the fuel cell 20 can be stabilized, and the reliability and durability of the fuel cell 20 can be improved. Further, in the fuel cell system, the flow rate of the fuel used other than the power generation reaction can be reduced, so that the ratio of the fuel that is input to the fuel cell system and used for the power generation reaction can be improved. As a result, the flow rate of the raw material supplied to the fuel cell system from the outside in order to generate predetermined power can be reduced, and the system efficiency can be improved.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment.
- the fuel cell system according to the fourth embodiment is different from the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment in that a new heat exchanger 48 is provided, and the path through which the cathode exhaust gas flows (cathode exhaust gas).
- the route 40) is different.
- the cathode exhaust gas is discharged from the cathode air heat exchanger 44 and then flows through the cathode exhaust gas path 40 in the order of the desulfurization unit 46 and the evaporation unit 10.
- a heat exchanger 48 is further provided on the downstream side of the desulfurization section 46.
- the cathode exhaust gas differs from the cathode exhaust gas passage 40 in that the exhaust gas passage 40, the desulfurization unit 46, and the heat exchanger 48 are circulated in this order after being discharged from the cathode air heat exchanger 44.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 has a configuration in which the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 2 and the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3 are combined. For this reason, as described above, the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 can achieve the effects of the fuel cell systems according to Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 3.
- the desulfurization catalyst 47 when the desulfurization catalyst 47 has an activation temperature range of 100 to 250 ° C., the desulfurization catalyst 47 has an activation temperature.
- the desulfurization part 46 can be maintained so that it may become a range.
- the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the cathode air heat exchanger 44 is too high and is supplied to the desulfurization unit 46 at a temperature higher than a desired temperature range, the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas at the evaporation unit 10 Can be supplied to the desulfurization section 46 after being lowered to a desired temperature range.
- the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 can improve the reliability and durability of the fuel cell 20 in the same manner as the fuel cell system according to Embodiment 3. Furthermore, in the fuel cell system, the flow rate of the fuel used other than the power generation reaction can be reduced, so that the ratio of the fuel that is input to the fuel cell system and used for the power generation reaction can be improved. As a result, the flow rate of the raw material supplied to the fuel cell system from the outside in order to generate predetermined power can be reduced, and the system efficiency can be improved.
- the hydrogen necessary for performing hydrodesulfurization in the desulfurization section 46 is an anode that is diverted from anode exhaust gas containing unused anode gas (reformed gas) in the fuel cell 20. It was configured to be obtained from part of the exhaust gas.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- a part of the anode gas (hydrogen-containing gas) generated in the reformer 12 may be divided and guided to the upstream side of the desulfurization unit 46.
- hydrogen may be separately supplied to the desulfurization unit 46 from the outside.
- the configuration in which hydrogen is obtained from the anode exhaust gas discharged from the anode 22 is more advantageous than the configuration in which hydrogen is supplied from the outside because it is not necessary to prepare hydrogen and costs can be reduced. Further, in the configuration in which hydrogen is obtained from part of the anode gas generated by the reformer 12, it is necessary to generate extra anode gas in anticipation of the amount of anode gas to be diverted, but the anode discharged from the anode 22 The configuration in which hydrogen is obtained from exhaust gas is advantageous because it is not necessary to generate extra anode gas in this way.
- the desulfurization unit 46 generates hydrogen sulfide from the supplied raw material and hydrogen contained in the anode exhaust gas, and chemically adsorbs sulfur in the hydrogen sulfide to the desulfurization catalyst 47, so-called hydrodesulfurization method. It was the structure which removes a sulfur component.
- the desulfurization unit 46 may include a desulfurization catalyst 47 that adsorbs sulfur at a temperature higher than room temperature (for example, about 70 ° C. to 250 ° C.) by a method other than the hydrodesulfurization method.
- a desulfurization catalyst 47 for example, a catalyst in which a metal such as silver, copper, or zinc, a metal oxide, or a metal and a metal oxide is supported on zeolite can be used.
- the cathode exhaust gas temperature is about 100 ° C., for example.
- the temperature is adjusted by the air heat exchanger 44 and supplied to the desulfurization unit 46. Specifically, the temperature of the cathode exhaust gas is reduced to about 100 ° C. by changing the flow rates of the cathode air and the cathode exhaust gas flowing through the cathode air heat exchanger 44 or by increasing the section in which both can exchange heat.
- the cathode exhaust gas is supplied to the desulfurization unit 46 after the temperature is lowered to about 100 ° C. by heat exchange in the cathode air heat exchanger 44 and the evaporation unit 10 respectively.
- the desulfurization unit 46 has a desulfurization catalyst 47 that adsorbs sulfur at a temperature higher than normal temperature, it is not necessary to supply the hydrogen-containing gas to the desulfurization unit 46. For this reason, in this case, the recycle path 30 and the hydrogen supplier 54 for circulating a part of the anode exhaust gas are not necessary.
- the fuel cell system of the present invention has a configuration capable of managing the desulfurization unit 46 so as to be in an appropriate temperature range. For this reason, it can be widely applied to fuel cell systems provided with a desulfurization section 46 that removes sulfur components from a raw material gas.
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Abstract
Description
まず、本発明の実施形態1について、図1を参照して説明する。図1は、実施形態1に係る燃料電池システムの一例を示すブロック図である。図1に示すように、実施形態1に係る燃料電池システムは、蒸発部10、改質器12、燃焼部14、アノード排ガス凝縮器16、アノード排ガス放熱器18、燃料電池20、カソード空気熱交換器44、および脱硫触媒47を搭載する脱硫部46を備えてなる構成である。
まず、カソード空気およびカソード排ガスが流通する経路について説明する。
次に、原料、アノードガス、アノード排ガス、および燃焼排ガスが流通する経路についてより詳細に説明する。
次に図2を参照して、脱硫部46の構成について説明する。図2は、図1に示す燃料電池システムが備える脱硫部46の構成の一例を示す図である。図2に示すように、脱硫部46は、原料およびアノード排ガスの混合ガスと、カソード排ガスとが混合せず流通可能な二重管構造となっている。すなわち、脱硫部46は、より径が大きい管(外管)の中により径が小さい管(内管)が配置された構造となっている。そして、内管には脱硫触媒47が充填されており、この内管内を原料とアノード排ガス(水素含有ガス)が流通する。一方、内管の外周を取り囲む空間(外管と内管との間に形成される空間)をカソード排ガスが、原料とアノード排ガスの混合ガスの流通方向とは対向する方向で流通する。そして、両者が脱硫部46を通過する際に熱交換が行われる。
次に、図4を用いて、実施形態2に係る燃料電池システムについて説明する。なお、実施形態2に係る燃料電池システムにおいて、実施形態1に係る燃料電池システムと同じ構成(部材)および動作となる部分については、その説明を省略するもとする。図4は、実施形態2に係る燃料電池システムの一例を示すブロック図である。
次に、図5を用いて、実施形態3に係る燃料電池システムについて説明する。なお、実施形態3に係る燃料電池システムにおいて、実施形態1に係る燃料電池システムと同じ構成(部材)および動作となる部分については、その説明を省略するもとする。図5は、実施形態3に係る燃料電池システムの一例を示すブロック図である。
次に、図6を用いて、実施形態4に係る燃料電池システムについて説明する。なお、実施形態4に係る燃料電池システムにおいて、実施形態1に係る燃料電池システムと同じ構成(部材)および動作となる部分については、その説明を省略するもとする。図6は、実施形態4に係る燃料電池システムの一例を示すブロック図である。
12 改質器
14 燃焼部
16 アノード排ガス凝縮器
18 アノード排ガス放熱器
20 燃料電池
22 アノード
24 カソード
26 アノードガス経路
28 原料経路
29 アノード排ガス経路
30 リサイクル経路
34 凝縮水経路
38 カソード空気経路
40 カソード排ガス経路
42 燃焼排ガス経路
44 カソード熱交換器
46 脱硫部
48 熱交換器
50 カソード空気供給器
51 燃焼エア供給器
52 原料供給器
54 水素供給器
56 改質水ポンプ
58 改質用エアポンプ
Claims (10)
- アノードに供給された燃料とカソードに供給された空気とを利用して発電反応により発電する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池において利用された後の空気であるカソード排ガスと前記カソードに供給される空気との間で熱交換することで、該カソード排ガスが有する熱エネルギーの一部を該空気に移動させるカソード空気熱交換器と、
供給された原料の硫黄成分を除去する脱硫部と、
前記脱硫部によって硫黄成分が除去された原料および水蒸気から前記燃料となる改質ガスを生成する改質器と、を備え、
少なくとも、前記カソード空気熱交換器での熱交換により熱エネルギーの一部が失われたカソード排ガスを、前記脱硫部に供給し、該カソード排ガスが有する熱エネルギーにより該脱硫部を加熱する燃料電池システム。 - 前記燃料電池において前記燃料として利用され、前記アノードから排出されたアノード排ガスと、前記カソードに供給される前の空気との間で熱交換し、該アノード排ガスが有する熱エネルギーの一部を該空気に移動させることで、該アノード排ガスを凝縮させて凝縮水を回収するアノード排ガス凝縮器を備え、
前記アノード排ガス凝縮器での熱交換によりアノード排ガスの有する熱の一部を得て予熱された空気を前記カソード空気熱交換器に供給する請求項1に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記脱硫部は、前記原料の硫黄成分を水添脱硫法により除去する請求項2に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記アノード排ガス凝縮器で凝縮水が回収されたアノード排ガスの一部を分流させ前記脱硫部の上流側に供給するための経路であるリサイクル経路をさらに備え、
前記脱硫部は、前記アノード排ガスの一部と前記原料とを混合させた混合ガスにおいて、該原料中の硫黄成分を吸着する脱硫触媒を有する請求項3に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 供給された燃焼用空気を利用して、前記アノード排ガス凝縮器によって凝縮水が回収されたアノード排ガスを燃焼させる燃焼部をさらに備え、
前記改質器は、前記燃焼部によってアノード排ガスが燃焼されることで生成された燃焼排ガスが有する熱エネルギーを利用して、改質反応により、供給された前記原料及び水蒸気から前記改質ガスを生成する請求項2から4のいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記改質器で熱エネルギーの一部が利用された燃焼排ガスが供給され、該燃焼排ガスの有する熱エネルギーを利用して前記凝縮水を気化させ、該改質器に供給する原料に添加させる水蒸気を生成する蒸発部を備える請求項5に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記改質器で熱エネルギーの一部が利用された燃焼排ガスと前記脱硫部を加熱することにより熱エネルギーの一部が利用されたカソード排ガスとがそれぞれ供給され、該燃焼排ガスおよび該カソード排ガスそれぞれが有する熱エネルギーにより、前記凝縮水を気化させ、前記改質器に供給される原料に添加する水蒸気を生成する蒸発部を備える請求項5に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記改質器で熱エネルギーの一部が利用された燃焼排ガスと、前記カソード空気熱交換器での熱交換により熱エネルギーの一部が失われたカソード排ガスとがそれぞれ供給され、該燃焼排ガスおよび該カソード排ガスそれぞれが有する熱エネルギーにより、前記凝縮水を気化させ、前記改質器に供給される原料に添加する水蒸気を生成する蒸発部を備え、
前記蒸発部で熱の一部が失われたカソード排ガスを前記脱硫部に供給し、該カソード排ガスが有する熱エネルギーにより該脱硫部を加熱する請求項5に記載の燃料電池システム。 - 前記蒸発部で熱エネルギーの一部が利用されたカソード排ガスと、前記燃焼部に供給される燃焼用空気とを熱交換させる熱交換器を備える請求項7に記載の燃料電池システム。
- 前記脱硫部で熱エネルギーの一部が利用されたカソード排ガスと、前記燃焼部に供給される燃焼用空気とを熱交換させる熱交換器を備える請求項8に記載の燃料電池システム。
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Cited By (13)
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JPWO2014167764A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
US9515329B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
US20150270559A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
JP5870320B2 (ja) | 2016-02-24 |
EP2985830A4 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2985830A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2985830B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
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