WO2014162844A1 - 半導体装置の駆動方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置の駆動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014162844A1 WO2014162844A1 PCT/JP2014/056809 JP2014056809W WO2014162844A1 WO 2014162844 A1 WO2014162844 A1 WO 2014162844A1 JP 2014056809 W JP2014056809 W JP 2014056809W WO 2014162844 A1 WO2014162844 A1 WO 2014162844A1
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- temperature detection
- diode
- detection diode
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- current density
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/462—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc as a function of the requirements of the load, e.g. delay, temperature, specific voltage/current characteristic
- G05F1/463—Sources providing an output which depends on temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/01—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using semiconducting elements having PN junctions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/0203—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits
- H01L27/0248—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection
- H01L27/0251—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices
- H01L27/0255—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for electrical or thermal protection, e.g. electrostatic discharge [ESD] protection for MOS devices using diodes as protective elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/04—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/86—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
- H01L29/861—Diodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for driving a semiconductor device that can achieve both performance and life required for a temperature detection diode formed on an active element-formed substrate via an insulating film.
- a temperature detection element is often formed on a substrate on which the semiconductor active element is formed, that is, an active element substrate via an insulating film.
- This temperature detecting element is generally composed of a temperature detecting diode realized as a pn junction diode made of polycrystalline silicon, and one or a plurality of temperature detecting elements are connected in series. The temperature detecting diode is exclusively energized and driven with a constant current during the operation of the semiconductor active element. Then, the operating temperature of the semiconductor active element is monitored from the voltage Vf generated in the temperature detecting diode (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the above-described polycrystalline silicon has many crystal defects.
- the crystal defects of the polycrystalline silicon increase in the recombination process of the polycrystal accompanying the energization of the temperature detecting element.
- the crystal defect generation rate is proportional to the current flowing through the temperature detecting diode. Therefore, when a constant current is continuously supplied to the temperature detection diode, the output voltage Vf of the temperature detection diode gradually changes.
- the change with time of the output characteristics (output voltage Vf) of the temperature detecting diode is proportional to the energization current as shown in FIG. 5, and the fluctuation of the output voltage Vf increases as the energization current increases.
- the lifetime of the temperature detection diode is defined as the time when the fluctuation amount of the output voltage Vf exceeds 2%, the lifetime decreases as the energization current increases as shown in FIG. Therefore, in order to extend the lifetime of the temperature detecting diode, it is necessary to reduce the energization current.
- the energization current of the temperature detection element is reduced to avoid a large change over time of the temperature detection diode, the temperature detection diode element characteristics are deteriorated. As a result, the variation in the output voltage Vf of the temperature detection diode becomes large, which causes a problem that the temperature detection sensitivity is lowered. Therefore, on the basis of the output characteristics of the temperature detection diode as shown in FIG. 5, the energization current is used to reduce the change over time of the temperature detection diode to extend the life, and at the same time to ensure sufficient detection sensitivity. There is a problem that it is difficult to set optimally.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature detection diode in a semiconductor device including a temperature detection diode formed on an active element-formed substrate via an insulating film. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of driving a semiconductor device that can achieve both the life required for the diode for use and the detection sensitivity.
- a semiconductor device driving method includes a temperature detecting diode made of, for example, polycrystalline silicon having a pn junction formed through an insulating film on a substrate on which a semiconductor active element is formed.
- a temperature detecting diode made of, for example, polycrystalline silicon having a pn junction formed through an insulating film on a substrate on which a semiconductor active element is formed.
- the upper limit value of the current density supplied to the temperature detection diode is defined based on the lifetime of the temperature detection diode
- the lower limit value of the current density supplied to the temperature detection diode is defined by the temperature detection diode. It is specified based on the variation allowable voltage with respect to the standard deviation of the output voltage.
- a current value for energizing the temperature detecting diode is determined in a range between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- the lifetime characteristic that is a transitional characteristic until the temperature detection diode fails.
- the temperature detection diode depends on the current density regardless of the pn junction area of the pn junction diode.
- the standard deviation indicating the variation in output voltage indicating the temperature detection sensitivity of the temperature detection diode depends on the current density.
- the upper limit value of the current density is set to 1213 A / cm 2 when the lifetime required for the temperature detecting diode is 15 years, for example.
- the lower limit value of the current density is set to 50 A / cm 2 when the variation allowable voltage with respect to the standard deviation of the output voltage of the temperature detection diode is 2.5 mV, for example.
- the temperature detection diode can be used while satisfying the output characteristics required for the temperature detection diode, particularly the temperature detection sensitivity.
- the life required for the diode can be satisfied. Therefore, the required life and temperature detection sensitivity are made compatible by determining the energization current of the temperature detection diode according to the size of the temperature detection diode, that is, the pn junction area under the current density. Is possible. Therefore, its practical advantages are great.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan configuration diagram showing an example of a semiconductor device to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a temperature detection diode provided in the semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a semiconductor device to which the present invention is applied.
- This semiconductor device includes a temperature detection element having a pn junction formed through an insulating film 2 on a substrate 1 on which a semiconductor active element such as a MOS-FET or IGBT is formed, specifically, a temperature detection diode 3. It is a thing.
- a temperature detection diode 3 for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a p-type region 3p in which boron (B) ions are implanted into polycrystalline silicon and phosphorous (P) ions are implanted in a substantially central portion of the substrate 1.
- An n-type region 3n is provided, and a pn junction is formed between these regions 3p and 3n.
- FIG. 2 4p and 4n are electrodes of the p-type region 3p and the n-type region 3n.
- FIG. 1 shows an example in which three temperature detection diodes 3 are formed in the substantially central portion of the substrate 1 as the temperature detection elements, and these temperature detection diodes 3 are connected in series. These temperature detection diodes 3 are connected in series by sequentially connecting the electrodes 4p and 4n using a conductor (not shown) such as gold (Au).
- reference numeral 5 denotes an anode terminal of a temperature detection element comprising the temperature detection diode 3 connected in series
- reference numeral 6 denotes a cathode terminal of the temperature detection element.
- FIG. 3 shows a case where 30 IGBT chips (semiconductor devices) each having a temperature detecting element in which three temperature detecting diodes 3 are connected in series are prepared, and the current value supplied to the temperature detecting diode 3 is changed. The change of the output voltage Vf is shown.
- the value of the current supplied to the temperature detecting diode 3 is normalized as the current density flowing through the pn junction, that is, the value obtained by dividing the value of the supplied current by the pn junction area.
- the relationship between the average value of the output voltage Vf with respect to the current density and its standard deviation is shown.
- the standard deviation indicates the degree (size) of variation in the output voltage Vf.
- the variation of the output voltage Vf is equal to or higher than the output voltage corresponding to the minimum detection temperature. Accordingly, a condition that satisfies the required temperature detection sensitivity is defined as a variation allowable voltage of the output voltage Vf in the temperature detection diode 3 indicated by the standard deviation.
- the current density is [ It is indicated that it is sufficient if it is approximately 50 A / cm 2 ] or more. At this time, the average value of the output voltage Vf is [1811 mV].
- the variation allowable voltage is [3.0 mV] as a standard deviation, it is indicated that the current density should be [approximately 5.0 A / cm 2 ] or more.
- the average value of the output voltage Vf at this time is [1502 mV].
- the variation allowable voltage is [4.0 mV] as a standard deviation, it is indicated that the current density should be [approximately 0.5 A / cm 2 ] or more. At this time, the average value of the output voltage Vf is [1195 mV].
- the current density applied to the temperature detecting diode 3 is set to at least [50 A / cm 2 ].
- the required temperature detection sensitivity is high. For example, even when the variation allowable voltage needs to be suppressed to [2.5 mV] or less as a standard deviation, the condition can be sufficiently satisfied.
- the lifetime of the temperature detecting diode 3 is defined as the time when the output voltage Vf fluctuates 2% from the voltage value at the start of energization under a certain temperature condition
- the lifetime is, for example, the temperature It changes as shown in FIG. 4 with respect to the current density applied to the detection diode 3.
- FIG. 4 has a pn junction area to give the characteristics shown in FIG. 3 described above [190 .mu.m 2] the temperature sensing diode 3, and each pn junction area of the temperature sensing diode 3 [89.7 ⁇ m 2] of The change in the life when the atmospheric temperature is maintained at 150 ° C. is shown.
- Each of these temperature detecting diodes 3 is formed of the same polycrystalline silicon, and therefore exhibits the same life characteristics even if the pn junction areas are different.
- the current density supplied to the temperature detecting diode 3 is maximized. It is shown that it can be set to [1331 A / cm 2 ].
- the current density applied to the temperature detection diode 3 is set to [1213 A / cm 2 ] at the maximum. be able to.
- the lifetime is 20 years (6.307 ⁇ 10 8 s)
- the current density applied to the temperature detection diode 3 is set to [1136 A / cm 2 ] at the maximum.
- the life required for this type of semiconductor device used in, for example, automobiles is generally 15 years. Therefore, in consideration of this, it is considered that if the current density applied to the temperature detecting diode 3 is set to [1213 A / cm 2 ] or less, the life requirement can be sufficiently satisfied.
- the current density that can satisfy the lifetime can be defined as described above.
- the current density Jf applied to the temperature detecting diode 3 based on the current density condition defined as described above is 50 A / cm 2 ⁇ Jf ⁇ 1213 A / cm 2 In this range, it is possible to simultaneously satisfy the lifetime and temperature detection sensitivity required for the temperature detection diode 3. Therefore, under the setting condition of the current density Jf, if the current value to be supplied to the temperature detection diode 3 is determined according to the size of the temperature detection diode 3, specifically the pn junction area, While satisfying the required temperature detection sensitivity, it is possible to sufficiently ensure the lifetime.
- the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
- the number and size of pn junction diodes constituting the temperature detecting diode 3 may be determined in consideration of the operating temperature of a semiconductor device such as IGBT or MOS-FET.
- an upper limit value of the current density may be defined according to the life, and similarly the temperature detection sensitivity required for the temperature detecting diode 3 is used.
- the lower limit value of the current density may be defined according to the above.
- the present invention can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the invention.
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Abstract
Description
前記温度検出用ダイオードに通電する電流密度の上限値を、該温度検出用ダイオードの寿命に基づいて規定すると共に、前記温度検出用ダイオードに通電する電流密度の下限値を、該温度検出用ダイオードの出力電圧の標準偏差に対するばらつき許容電圧に基づいて規定する。そして前記上限値と下限値の範囲において前記温度検出用ダイオードに通電する電流値を決定することを特徴としている。
50A/cm2 ≦ Jf ≦ 1213A/cm2
の範囲で決定すれば、前記温度検出用ダイオード3に要求される寿命と温度検出感度とを同時に満足させることが可能となる。故に上記電流密度Jfの設定条件の下で、前記温度検出用ダイオード3の大きさ、具体的にはpn接合面積に応じて該温度検出用ダイオード3に通電する電流値を決定すれば、これによって所要とする温度検出感度を満たしながら、その寿命を十分に確保することが可能となる。
2 絶縁膜
3 温度検出用ダイオード
3p p型領域
3n n型領域
4p,4n 電極
5 アノード端子
6 カソード端子
Claims (4)
- 半導体能動素子を形成した基板上に絶縁膜を介して形成されたpn接合を有する温度検出用ダイオードを備え、前記温度検出用ダイオードを一定電流で通電して該温度検出用ダイオードに生起される電圧を検出するに際して、
前記温度検出用ダイオードに通電する電流密度の上限値を、該温度検出用ダイオードの寿命に基づいて規定すると共に、
前記温度検出用ダイオードに通電する電流密度の下限値を、該温度検出用ダイオードの出力電圧の標準偏差に対するばらつき許容電圧に基づいて規定し、
前記上限値と下限値の範囲において前記温度検出用ダイオードに通電する電流値を決定することを特徴とする半導体装置の駆動方法。 - 前記温度検出用ダイオードは、多結晶シリコンからなるpn接合ダイオードである請求項1に記載の半導体装置の駆動方法。
- 前記電流密度の上限値は、前記温度検出用ダイオードに要求される寿命が15年であるときには1213A/cm2である請求項1に記載の半導体装置の駆動方法。
- 前記電流密度の下限値は、前記温度検出用ダイオードの出力電圧の標準偏差に対するばらつき許容電圧が2.5mVであるときには50A/cm2である請求項1に記載の半導体装置の駆動方法。
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CN201480012428.6A CN105122451B (zh) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-03-13 | 半导体装置的驱动方法 |
DE112014001811.2T DE112014001811B4 (de) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-03-13 | Halbleitervorrichtungsansteuerverfahren |
JP2015509978A JP6107937B2 (ja) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-03-13 | 半導体装置の駆動方法 |
US14/845,885 US9915961B2 (en) | 2013-04-05 | 2015-09-04 | Semiconductor device drive method |
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US14/845,885 Continuation US9915961B2 (en) | 2013-04-05 | 2015-09-04 | Semiconductor device drive method |
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US12094960B2 (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2024-09-17 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and system |
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JP6194812B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-18 | 2017-09-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 半導体モジュール |
JP7324603B2 (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2023-08-10 | ローム株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
CN112327127A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-05 | 西安西电电力系统有限公司 | 集成铂温度传感器的全控型电力电子器件及结温测量方法 |
US11860046B1 (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2024-01-02 | Acacia Communications, Inc. | Temperature sensor |
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JP2001332694A (ja) * | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 温度センサ搭載のマイクロコンピュータ |
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JP3538505B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-22 | 2004-06-14 | 富士電機デバイステクノロジー株式会社 | 温度検知部内蔵型バイポーラ半導体素子およびその製造方法 |
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JPS62229866A (ja) * | 1985-11-29 | 1987-10-08 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 半導体装置 |
JP2001332694A (ja) * | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-30 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 温度センサ搭載のマイクロコンピュータ |
JP2010199490A (ja) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-09 | Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd | パワー半導体装置の温度測定装置およびこれを使用したパワー半導体モジュール |
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US12094960B2 (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2024-09-17 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and system |
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CN105122451B (zh) | 2017-12-12 |
US20150378376A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
JP6107937B2 (ja) | 2017-04-05 |
DE112014001811B4 (de) | 2024-07-25 |
JPWO2014162844A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
US9915961B2 (en) | 2018-03-13 |
DE112014001811T5 (de) | 2015-12-17 |
CN105122451A (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
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