WO2014156494A1 - 吸湿層を有する太陽電池用バックシート及びそれを用いた太陽電池 - Google Patents
吸湿層を有する太陽電池用バックシート及びそれを用いた太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014156494A1 WO2014156494A1 PCT/JP2014/055328 JP2014055328W WO2014156494A1 WO 2014156494 A1 WO2014156494 A1 WO 2014156494A1 JP 2014055328 W JP2014055328 W JP 2014055328W WO 2014156494 A1 WO2014156494 A1 WO 2014156494A1
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- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- layer
- skin layer
- moisture absorption
- moisture
- Prior art date
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003230 hygroscopic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical class C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 4
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- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- PZWQOGNTADJZGH-SNAWJCMRSA-N (2e)-2-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C=C PZWQOGNTADJZGH-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/10—Polypropylene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell backsheet having a moisture absorption layer, and more particularly to a solar cell backsheet including an inner skin layer, a moisture absorption layer, an outer skin layer, and a barrier layer in this order. Furthermore, this invention relates to the solar cell using this solar cell backsheet.
- Patent Document 1 is a solar cell module including a solar cell element, a moisture-proof film, and an adhesive for bonding the solar cell element and the moisture-proof film, and the adhesive contains a moisture absorbent such as zeolite.
- a solar cell module is disclosed.
- the hygroscopic agent can be added only in a small amount of 30% by weight or less because of the property of mixing the hygroscopic agent with the adhesive. When the amount of the hygroscopic agent added is large, the adhesive strength of the adhesive is reduced, so that the back sheet is peeled off from the solar cell element, and the power generation cell is exposed to moisture and heat from the gap.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a solar cell module having a space for filling a desiccant.
- a heater is provided in the space, and moisture is evaporated by the heat of the heater, whereby the desiccant after moisture absorption is reused.
- a special process and parts are required to manufacture the solar cell module.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a solar cell module having an outer moisture-proof film having a three-layer structure.
- the moisture-proof film has a three-layer structure in the order of a waterproof film, a moisture absorbing / releasing layer, and a high moisture resistant film from the outside toward the solar cell element, and contains a polyacrylate polymer as the moisture absorbing / releasing layer.
- Nonwoven fabric is used.
- the polyacrylate polymer of the moisture absorbing / releasing layer is not highly hygroscopic in a low humidity region, and thus has limited effects in such applications. Further, a large amount of the hygroscopic agent cannot be used here.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a solar cell module having a transparent water replenishment layer made of nylon between a backsheet and an electrode, but nylon has a limited hygroscopic property.
- Patent Document 5 discloses an edge sealant composition containing calcium oxide, which is an inorganic substance, as a hygroscopic agent for preventing water from entering from the edge of the solar cell module.
- the amount of the hygroscopic agent can be added only in a small amount of 30% by weight or less, and only the moisture in the edge portion is absorbed, so that the moisture that has entered inside cannot be absorbed.
- JP-A-7-31440 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-45949 JP-A-2005-101404 JP 7-321365 A Japanese National Patent Publication No. 2013-509453
- the present invention provides a solar cell backsheet that can be used without significantly changing the manufacturing process of the solar cell module and that can provide high hygroscopicity for a long period of time, and power generation efficiency using the solar cell module. It aims at providing the solar cell which does not fall for a long period of time.
- a sun comprising at least an inner skin layer, a moisture absorbing layer containing a binder resin and an inorganic moisture absorbent, an outer skin layer, and a barrier layer in this order, and the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer are made of a thermoplastic resin.
- Battery backsheet [2] The solar cell backsheet according to [1], wherein the inorganic hygroscopic agent has a moisture absorption amount of 15% by weight or more at 1 atm, a relative humidity of 20%, and 25 ° C.
- the inner skin layer, the binder resin, and the outer skin layer are composed of low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene, chlorinated polypropylene, saturated polyester, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid. Acid copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer, ionomer, carboxylic acid modified polyethylene, carboxylic acid modified polypropylene, carboxylic acid modified ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, and The solar cell backsheet according to any one of [1] to [4], which is selected from the group consisting of these derivatives and mixtures thereof.
- the MFR of the binder resin is 10 g / 10 min or more when measured according to JIS K7210 under the conditions of a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg.
- a solar battery comprising a transparent substrate, a power generation cell, a conductive wire, a sealing resin for sealing the power generation cell and the conductive wire, and the solar cell backsheet according to any one of [1] to [8] Battery module.
- the sealing resin is an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
- the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer are polypropylene films having a thickness of 5 to 20 ⁇ m;
- the binder resin is low density polyethylene;
- the inorganic hygroscopic agent is zeolite;
- the solar cell backsheet of the present invention can be used without significantly changing the conventional solar cell module manufacturing process, has high adhesion to the solar cell element, and contains a large amount of a strong inorganic hygroscopic agent. Therefore, the water in the sealing resin of the solar cell element which exists slightly can also be absorbed. As a result, the inside of the solar cell element can be kept at low humidity for a long time. Since the solar cell using this solar cell back sheet does not cause deterioration of electrodes or the like, the conversion efficiency can be maintained for a longer period than the conventional one.
- the solar cell backsheet of the present invention includes at least an inner skin layer, a moisture absorbing layer containing a binder resin and an inorganic moisture absorbent, an outer skin layer, and a barrier layer.
- the back sheet is used on the side opposite to the incident light side of the solar cell module, and the four layers are, in order from the incident light side, an inner skin layer, a moisture absorbing layer, an outer skin layer, and a barrier layer. To position.
- By positioning the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer it is possible to improve the adhesion between the sealing resin and the moisture absorption layer of the solar cell element and the adhesion between the barrier layer and the moisture absorption layer, respectively.
- Hygroscopic layer In the hygroscopic layer, an inorganic hygroscopic agent is dispersed in a binder resin.
- inorganic hygroscopic agents that can be used in the hygroscopic layer include hygroscopic agents such as calcium oxide, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, aluminum oxide, quicklime, silica gel, and inorganic molecular sieves.
- examples of inorganic molecular sieves include, but are not limited to, diffusing small molecules such as aluminosilicate minerals, clay, porous glass, microporous activated carbon, natural zeolite, artificial zeolite, synthetic zeolite, activated carbon, or water.
- a compound having a possible opening structure can be mentioned, and in particular, molecular sieve 3A, molecular sieve 4A, molecular sieve 5A and molecular sieve 13X which are synthetic zeolites can be mentioned.
- Such an inorganic hygroscopic agent can obtain high hygroscopicity even in a low humidity region, and in order to absorb moisture slightly contained in the encapsulating resin of the solar cell element, particularly ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), It is particularly preferable to use a hygroscopic agent that can exhibit high hygroscopicity even in such an environment with low relative humidity.
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
- the inorganic hygroscopic agent has a moisture absorption amount of 1 atm, a relative humidity of 20%, and a moisture absorption amount at 25 ° C of 15% by weight or more based on the weight of the moisture absorbent material before moisture absorption Or it is preferable that it is 20 weight% or more. More preferably, the moisture absorption at 25 ° C. at 1 atm and relative humidity of 10% is 15% by weight or more, or 20% by weight or more based on the weight of the moisture-absorbing material before moisture absorption. More preferably, the moisture absorption at 25 ° C.
- FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the water absorption of sodium polyacrylate, nylon, and molecular sieve and the relative humidity. Since molecular sieve A has a moisture absorption of 15% by weight or more at a relative humidity of 20%, preferred moisture absorption is shown. It is an agent. If the moisture absorption amount is a powdery moisture absorbent, the measured moisture absorbent is stored in a certain storage environment (for example, 25 ° C. and 20% RH), and the moisture absorption amount is calculated from the weight change before and after storage. be able to.
- a certain storage environment for example, 25 ° C. and 20% RH
- the film cut out in a certain area can absorb moisture in the same manner as described above, and the moisture absorption amount can be calculated from the weight change before and after storage. it can.
- the inorganic hygroscopic agent is 10% by weight or more, 20% by weight or more, 30% by weight or more, more than 30% by weight, 50% by weight or more, 60% by weight or more, 80% by weight.
- the moisture absorption layer can be contained in the moisture absorption layer in the range of 90% by weight, 80% by weight, 70% by weight or less, or 60% by weight or less. Can be included. Dispersion
- distribution to the binder resin of an inorganic moisture absorbent can be performed with a normal kneading extruder.
- the thickness of the moisture absorbing layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, 20 ⁇ m, or 40 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of securing the moisture absorption capability. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing curling due to a difference in heat shrinkability when bonded to the barrier layer, the thickness of the moisture absorbing layer is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, 200 ⁇ m or less, 190 ⁇ m or less, 150 ⁇ m or less, or 100 ⁇ m or less. .
- Binder resins that can be used in the moisture absorption layer include low density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), polypropylene (PP), chlorinated polypropylene, saturated polyester, and ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer (EAA). ), Ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (EMAA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer (EMA), ionomer, carboxylic acid modified polyethylene, carboxylic acid modified polypropylene, carboxylic acid modified Examples include ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene, and derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof.
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- LLDPE linear low density polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- EAA chlorinated polypropylene
- EAA ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer
- EAA Ethylene-methacrylic acid cop
- the melt flow rate (MFR) of the binder resin is under the conditions of a temperature of 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg.
- MFR melt flow rate
- the resin used for the inner skin layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a thermoplastic resin that can adhere well to the sealing resin and the moisture absorption layer.
- the thermoplastic resin that can be used include the same resin as the binder of the moisture absorbing layer.
- the resin used for the outer skin layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a thermoplastic resin that can satisfactorily adhere to the barrier layer and the moisture absorption layer.
- examples of the thermoplastic resin that can be used include the same resin as the moisture absorbing layer and the binder.
- the thickness of the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, 5 ⁇ m or more, or 7 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of ensuring adhesion with the moisture absorption layer, and the difference in heat shrinkability when bonded to the barrier layer From the viewpoint of preventing curling generated from the above and the inner skin layer from the viewpoint of ensuring moisture permeability to the moisture absorption layer, it is preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, 50 ⁇ m or less, 30 ⁇ m or less, or 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface roughness Ra of the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer is 1.50 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1.50 ⁇ m or less when measured according to JIS B0601-1994 using ET4000A manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Ltd. It is 30 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1.00 ⁇ m or less.
- barrier layer As the barrier layer used in the present invention, a fluorine resin film, a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the like, and a laminate thereof can be used. In the case of a laminate, each layer can be bonded with an adhesive or the like. Further, a metal layer such as an aluminum foil and a copper foil, and / or a metal oxide layer such as a silicon oxide layer and an aluminum oxide layer may be further laminated, and the lamination can be performed by dry lamination, vapor deposition, or the like. Moreover, the solar cell backsheet conventionally used can be used as it is. For example, Riprea PKT HD (trademark), Riprea TFB MD (trademark) (both manufactured by Lintec), and Tedlar (trademark) film (manufactured by DuPont) may be mentioned.
- Riprea PKT HD trademark
- Riprea TFB MD trademark
- Tedlar trademark
- the thickness of the barrier layer is from 12 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m, preferably from 20 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of lamination processability.
- Adhesives that may be used when creating the barrier layer, and adhesives that may be used to bond the sealing resin to the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer to the barrier layer include urethane adhesives and olefins. Resin adhesives, butyl rubber adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, polyester resin adhesives, epoxy resin adhesives, silicone resin adhesives, and the like.
- the solar cell module of this invention contains a solar cell element and said solar cell backsheet.
- the solar cell element includes a transparent substrate, a power generation cell, a conductive wire, a power generation cell, and a sealing resin for sealing the conductive wire.
- the transparent substrate include conventionally known glass substrates for solar cells
- the power generation cell include conventionally known single crystal type, polycrystalline type, amorphous type, and compound semiconductor type cells. It is done.
- As the sealing resin ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane, polyvinyl butyral, and the like can be used, and particularly EVA can be used.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a solar cell backsheet by combining the inner skin layer, the moisture absorption layer, and the outer skin layer with the barrier layer. Furthermore, this invention relates to the method of manufacturing a solar cell module combining the solar cell backsheet with said solar cell element.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional solar cell module.
- a solar cell module 100 includes a solar cell element 10 including a glass 1 that is a transparent substrate and a sealing resin 2 for sealing the conductive wire 3 and the power generation cell 4 and a barrier layer 5 from the incident light side. And a sheet 20. Although not shown, normally, the solar cell element 10 and the back sheet 20 are bonded with an adhesive.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a solar cell module having the configuration of the present invention.
- the solar cell module 100 includes, from the incident light side, a solar cell element 10 including a glass 1 that is a transparent substrate, and a sealing resin 2 for sealing the conductive wires 3 and the power generation cells 4, an inner skin layer 6, and moisture absorption.
- a back sheet 20 comprising a layer 7, an outer skin layer 8 and a barrier layer 5.
- Example 1 A laminate of the moisture absorption layer, the inner skin layer, and the outer skin layer was produced using an inflation film forming machine.
- the moisture absorption layer was 60 ⁇ m
- the inner skin layer and the outer skin layer were each 10 ⁇ m.
- the moisture absorption layer was prepared by kneading 50 wt% zeolite and 50 wt% binder resin.
- a 200 ⁇ m white PET film as a barrier layer was laminated on the outer skin layer of this laminate by dry lamination using an adhesive to obtain a back sheet. Furthermore, it vacuum-bonded on condition of 130 degreeC for 10 minutes using the vacuum laminator, and this back sheet
- the thickness of the glass substrate was 5 mm
- the thickness of the sealing resin including the power generation cell and the conductive wire was 600 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 As a substitute for white PET for the barrier layer, a solar cell was obtained by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that a 12 ⁇ m PET film and a 9 ⁇ m aluminum foil were laminated on the outer skin layer by dry lamination using the aluminum foil as an adhesive surface. Got a module.
- Example 3 Instead of white PET for the barrier layer, a two-layer transparent vapor-deposited PET film (GX-P-F12 ⁇ m / GX-P-F12 ⁇ m) is dried in the order of PET film / deposition surface / PET film / deposition surface / outer skin layer.
- a solar cell module was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that lamination was performed.
- Comparative Example 1 A solar cell module was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the laminate of the moisture absorption layer, the inner skin layer, and the outer skin layer was not used. That is, a 200 ⁇ m white PET film was used as a back sheet, and this and a solar cell element were panelized.
- the solar cell modules of Examples 1 to 3 incorporating the solar cell backsheet of the present invention maintained an initial conversion efficiency of 90% or more even after 3000 hours at a temperature of 85 ° C. and a relative humidity of 85%.
- the conversion efficiency fell to the initial 76.1%.
- the glass, the single crystal silicon type power generation cell, and the white PET of the barrier layer used commercially available products that are usually used in solar cell modules.
- the white PET had a water vapor permeability of 0.2 g / m 2 ⁇ day or less. Details of the model numbers (trademarks) of other materials, sources, etc. and the equipment used at the time of production are as follows.
- EVA Solar EVA (Mitsui Chemicals Tosero) Polypropylene: F-704NP (manufactured by Prime Polymer) Zeolite: Zeolite 4A (Union Showa) LDPE: Petrocene 202 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) PET: E5102 (manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) Example 2 Aluminum foil: Vespa (manufactured by Sumi Light Aluminum Foil Co., Ltd.) Example 2 Transparent vapor-deposited PET film: GX-PF (manufactured by Toppan Printing Co., Ltd.) Example 3 Urethane adhesive: Mixture of LIS-073-50 and CR-001 (manufactured by Toyo Ink) Inflation film forming machine: Multilayer inflation film forming machine 3SOIB (Placo) Vacuum laminator: Kashiwagi vacuum packaging machine (manufactured by NPC)
- the solar cell backsheet of the present invention is useful because it has high adhesion to the solar cell element and can contain a large amount of an inorganic hygroscopic agent, so that the inside of the solar cell element can be kept at low humidity for a long time. is there.
- a solar cell using this solar cell backsheet is useful because it does not cause deterioration of electrodes and the like, and can maintain conversion efficiency for a longer period than the conventional one.
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Abstract
Description
[1] 内側スキン層、バインダー樹脂及び無機吸湿剤を含む吸湿層、外側スキン層、並びにバリア層を、この順で少なくとも含み、かつ前記内側スキン層及び外側スキン層が熱可塑性樹脂からなる、太陽電池用バックシート。
[2] 前記無機吸湿剤は、1気圧、相対湿度20%、25℃における吸湿量が15重量%以上である、[1]に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[3] 前記無機吸湿剤が、天然ゼオライト、人工ゼオライト又は合成ゼオライトである、[1]又は[2]に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[4] 前記無機吸湿剤が、前記吸湿層の重量に対して30重量%超80重量%以下の範囲で前記吸湿層に含まれる、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[5] 前記内側スキン層、前記バインダー樹脂、及び前記外側スキン層が、低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン、飽和ポリエステル、エチレン-アクリル酸共重合体、エチレン-メタクリル酸共重合体、エチレン-エチルアクリレート共重合体、エチレン-メチルアクリレート共重合体、アイオノマー、カルボン酸変性ポリエチレン、カルボン酸変性ポリプロピレン、カルボン酸変性エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリスチレン、及びこれらの誘導体、並びにこれらの混合物からなる群よりそれぞれ選択される、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[6] 前記バリア層が、アルミニウム箔を含む、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[7] 前記バインダー樹脂のMFRが、温度190℃かつ荷重2.16kgの条件の下で、JIS K7210に準拠して測定した場合に、10g/10分以上である、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[8] 前記吸湿層の膜厚が10~190μmであり、前記スキン層の膜厚が5~190μmである、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
[9] 透明基材、発電セル、導線、発電セル及び導線を封止するための封止樹脂、並びに[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の太陽電池用バックシートを具備する、太陽電池モジュール。
[10] 前記封止樹脂が、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体(EVA)である、[9]に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
[11] 前記内側スキン層及び外側スキン層が、厚み5~20μmのポリプロピレンフィルムであり;
前記バインダー樹脂が、低密度ポリエチレンであり;
前記無機吸湿剤が、ゼオライトであり;
前記吸湿層の厚みが、30~100μmであり:かつ
前記バリアフィルムが、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムである、[10]に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
本発明の太陽電池用バックシートは、内側スキン層、バインダー樹脂及び無機吸湿剤を含む吸湿層、外側スキン層、並びにバリア層を少なくとも含む。バックシートは、太陽電池モジュールの入射光側とは反対側に使用されるものであり、上記4つの層は、入射光側から順に、内側スキン層、吸湿層、外側スキン層、そしてバリア層と位置する。内側スキン層及び外側スキン層が位置することで、それぞれ太陽電池素子の封止樹脂と吸湿層との密着性、及びバリア層と吸湿層との密着性を高めることができる。また、これらの層間に接着剤を用いて、層間の接着性を高めてもよい。
吸湿層には、バインダー樹脂に無機吸湿剤が分散されている。
吸湿層は表面の平滑性が低いためにそれだけでは太陽電池素子の封止樹脂との密着性を高めることができないが、内側スキン層を用いることによって、吸湿層と封止樹脂との密着性を高めることができる。内側スキン層に用いられる樹脂は、封止樹脂及び吸湿層と良好に密着できる熱可塑性樹脂であれば特に制限されない。用いることができる熱可塑性樹脂としては、上記の吸湿層のバインダーと同じ樹脂が挙げられる。
本発明で用いられるバリア層としては、フッ素系樹脂フィルム、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)等のポリエステルフィルム等、及びこれらの積層体を用いることができる。積層体の場合、各層を接着剤等で接着することができる。また、金属層、例えばアルミニウム箔及び銅箔、並びに/又は金属酸化物層、例えば酸化ケイ素層及び酸化アルミニウム層をさらに積層してもよく、積層は、ドライラミネート、蒸着等により行うことができる。また、従来から用いられている太陽電池用バックシートをそのまま用いることができる。例えば、リプレア PKT HD(商標)、リプレア TFB MD(商標)(共にリンテック社製)、テドラー(商標)フィルム(デュポン社製)が挙げられる。
バリア層を作成する際に用いてもよい接着剤、並びに封止樹脂と内側スキン層及び外側スキン層とバリア層とを接着するのに用いてもよい接着剤としては、ウレタン系接着剤、オレフィン系樹脂接着剤、ブチルゴム系接着剤、アクリル樹脂系接着剤、ポリエステル樹脂系接着剤、エポキシ樹脂系接着剤、シリコーン樹脂系接着剤等が挙げられる。
本発明の太陽電池モジュールは、太陽電池素子と、上記の太陽電池用バックシートを含む。太陽電池素子は、透明基材、発電セル、導線、発電セル及び導線を封止するための封止樹脂を含む。透明基材としては、従来知られている太陽電池用のガラス基板が挙げられ、発電セルとしては、従来知られている単結晶型、多結晶型、アモルファス型、化合物半導体型のセル等が挙げられる。封止樹脂としては、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体(EVA)、熱可塑性ポリウレタン、ポリビニルブチラール等を用いることができ、特にEVAを用いることができる。
吸湿層、内側スキン層、及び外側スキン層の積層体を、インフレーション製膜機を使って作製した。ここでは、吸湿層を60μm、内側スキン層及び外側スキン層をそれぞれ10μmとした。吸湿層は、ゼオライト50wt%とバインダー樹脂50wt%とを混練して作製した。この積層体の外側スキン層上に、接着剤を用いてドライラミネートすることでバリア層である200μmの白色PETフィルムを積層し、バックシートを得た。さらに、真空ラミネーターを用いて130℃10分の条件で真空圧着して、このバックシートと太陽電池素子とをパネル化した。ここで、ガラス基板の厚みは5mmであり、発電セル及び導線を含む封止樹脂の厚みは600μmであった。
バリア層の白色PETの代わりとして、外側スキン層に12μmのPETフィルム及び9μmのアルミニウム箔を、アルミニウム箔を接着面としてドライラミネートして積層させた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で太陽電池モジュールを得た。
バリア層の白色PETの代わりとして、二層の透明蒸着PETフィルム(GX-P-F12μm/GX-P-F12μm)を、PETフィルム・蒸着面/PETフィルム・蒸着面/外側スキン層の順でドライラミネートして積層させた以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で太陽電池モジュールを得た。
吸湿層、内側スキン層、及び外側スキン層の積層体を用いない以外は、実施例1と同様の手順で太陽電池モジュールを得た。すなわち、200μmの白色PETフィルムをバックシートとし、これと太陽電池素子とをパネル化した。
EVA:ソーラーエバ(三井化学東セロ社製)
ポリプロピレン:F-704NP(プライムポリマー社製)
ゼオライト:ゼオライト4A(ユニオン昭和社製)
LDPE:ペトロセン202(東ソー社製)
PET:E5102(東洋紡社製)・・・実施例2
アルミニウム箔:ベスパ(住軽アルミ箔社製)・・・実施例2
透明蒸着PETフィルム:GX-P-F(凸版印刷社製)・・・実施例3
ウレタン系接着剤:LIS-073-50及びCR-001の混合物(東洋インキ社製)
インフレーション製膜機:多層インフレーション製膜機3SOIB(プラコー社製)
真空ラミネーター:柏木式真空包装機(エヌピーシー社製)
2 封止樹脂
3 導線
4 発電セル
5 バリア層
6 内側スキン層
7 吸湿層
8 外側スキン層
10 太陽電池素子
20 バックシート
100 太陽電池モジュール
Claims (11)
- 内側スキン層、バインダー樹脂及び無機吸湿剤を含む吸湿層、外側スキン層、並びにバリア層を、この順で少なくとも含み、かつ前記内側スキン層及び外側スキン層が熱可塑性樹脂からなる、太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記無機吸湿剤は、1気圧、相対湿度20%、25℃における吸湿量が15重量%以上である、請求項1に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記無機吸湿剤が、天然ゼオライト、人工ゼオライト又は合成ゼオライトである、請求項1又は2に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記無機吸湿剤が、前記吸湿層の重量に対して30重量%超80重量%以下の範囲で前記吸湿層に含まれる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記内側スキン層、前記バインダー樹脂、及び前記外側スキン層が、低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、塩素化ポリプロピレン、飽和ポリエステル、エチレン-アクリル酸共重合体、エチレン-メタクリル酸共重合体、エチレン-エチルアクリレート共重合体、エチレン-メチルアクリレート共重合体、アイオノマー、カルボン酸変性ポリエチレン、カルボン酸変性ポリプロピレン、カルボン酸変性エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリスチレン、及びこれらの誘導体、並びにこれらの混合物からなる群よりそれぞれ選択される、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記バリア層が、アルミニウム箔を含む、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記バインダー樹脂のMFRが、温度190℃かつ荷重2.16kgの条件の下で、JIS K7210に準拠して測定した場合に、10g/10分以上である、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 前記吸湿層の膜厚が10~190μmであり、前記スキン層の膜厚が5~190μmである、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用バックシート。
- 透明基材、発電セル、導線、発電セル及び導線を封止するための封止樹脂、並びに請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の太陽電池用バックシートを具備する、太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記封止樹脂が、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体(EVA)である、請求項9に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
- 前記内側スキン層及び外側スキン層が、厚み5~20μmのポリプロピレンフィルムであり;
前記バインダー樹脂が、低密度ポリエチレンであり;
前記無機吸湿剤が、ゼオライトであり;
前記吸湿層の厚みが、30~100μmであり:かつ
前記バリアフィルムが、ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムである、請求項10に記載の太陽電池モジュール。
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CN201480019204.8A CN105103304B (zh) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-03 | 具有吸湿层的太阳能电池用背板以及使用其的太阳能电池 |
KR1020157026770A KR20150127138A (ko) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-03 | 흡습층을 갖는 태양전지용 백시트 및 이를 이용한 태양전지 |
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CN106252440A (zh) * | 2016-08-27 | 2016-12-21 | 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 | 一种带有吸湿功能的太阳能电池背板 |
US20190358608A1 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2019-11-28 | Toyo Seikan Group Holdings, Ltd. | Water-absorbing laminated protection film |
JP7356257B2 (ja) * | 2019-05-10 | 2023-10-04 | 共同印刷株式会社 | 硫化物系全固体電池用ラミネートシート及びそれを用いたラミネートパック |
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JP2012206776A (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-25 | Kyodo Printing Co Ltd | 蓋材,包装容器及び包装体 |
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EP3780910A4 (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-12-22 | Toyo Seikan Group Holdings, Ltd. | ENCAPSULATION MATERIAL FOR ORGANIC ELECTRONIC DEVICES |
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CN105103304B (zh) | 2017-08-08 |
TW201446514A (zh) | 2014-12-16 |
JPWO2014156494A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
CN105103304A (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
JP6203250B2 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
TWI597167B (zh) | 2017-09-01 |
KR20150127138A (ko) | 2015-11-16 |
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