WO2014155794A1 - ガイドワイヤ - Google Patents
ガイドワイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014155794A1 WO2014155794A1 PCT/JP2013/078454 JP2013078454W WO2014155794A1 WO 2014155794 A1 WO2014155794 A1 WO 2014155794A1 JP 2013078454 W JP2013078454 W JP 2013078454W WO 2014155794 A1 WO2014155794 A1 WO 2014155794A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- guide wire
- subject
- optical system
- image
- guide
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
- A61B1/0125—Endoscope within endoscope
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00078—Insertion part of the endoscope body with stiffening means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0661—Endoscope light sources
- A61B1/0684—Endoscope light sources using light emitting diodes [LED]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6851—Guide wires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
- A61M2025/09058—Basic structures of guide wires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
- A61M2025/09175—Guide wires having specific characteristics at the distal tip
- A61M2025/09183—Guide wires having specific characteristics at the distal tip having tools at the distal tip
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/09—Guide wires
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a guide wire.
- An endoscope is a medical device used for observing the inside of a subject.
- solid-state image sensors CCD sensors, CMOS sensors, etc.
- electronic endoscopes in which a solid-state image sensor is mounted at the distal end of an insertion portion have become widespread.
- an electronic endoscope there is a device for observing the inside of a small-sized lumen such as a blood vessel, a bile duct, or a ureter.
- a guide wire may be inserted into the subject in advance under fluoroscopy, and an endoscope may be inserted along the guide wire.
- the guide wire is used to guide a medical instrument such as a catheter or a stent to a target site in the subject.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a guide wire that is excellent in operability and capable of performing a technique efficiently.
- the main present invention is a guide wire for guiding insertion of a medical instrument into a subject.
- the guide wire has an insertion portion and an observation optical system.
- the insertion portion has a first portion and a second portion that is more flexible than the first portion, and is inserted into the subject.
- the observation optical system is provided in the insertion portion and is provided for observing the inside of the subject.
- the guide wire in the present invention is excellent in operability and can be used efficiently.
- a guide wire for guiding insertion of a medical instrument into a subject which has a first portion and a second portion having higher flexibility than the first portion, and is inserted into the subject.
- a guide wire having an insertion portion and an observation optical system provided in the insertion portion for observing the inside of the subject becomes clear.
- Such a guide wire is excellent in operability and can be efficiently performed.
- the insertion portion includes a distal end portion constituting the distal end, and a long shaft portion connected to the distal end portion and having a first portion and a second portion, and in the shaft portion, the second portion
- the guide wire is characterized by being provided on the distal end side.
- the guide wire can be made flexible in the vicinity of the tip portion, it is more excellent in operability.
- the guide wire is characterized in that two or more slits are formed in at least a part of the outer periphery of the second portion.
- Such a guide wire is excellent in operability with a simple configuration in which only a slit is provided.
- a guide wire is characterized in that a hydrophilic coating layer is formed on the outer periphery of the slit. Such a guide wire can be easily inserted into and removed from the subject.
- observation optical system is provided at the distal end of the insertion portion, and an imaging element that images the inside of the subject, an objective lens that is provided in front of the imaging surface of the imaging element, and an illumination optical system that illuminates the inside of the subject
- a guide wire characterized by comprising the above is provided at the rear end of the insertion portion, and is transmitted from the image guide fiber, an image guide fiber that transmits an optical image in the subject, an objective lens that is provided in front of the incident surface of the image guide fiber.
- a guide wire that includes an imaging device that captures the optical image and an illumination optical system that illuminates the inside of the subject becomes clear.
- a guide wire is characterized in that the imaging element is a CMOS sensor.
- the tip of the insertion portion can be downsized.
- the illumination optical system has a guide wire characterized by having a light guide fiber that guides light from the light source into the subject.
- a guide wire is provided in which a plurality of light guide fibers are provided, and the plurality of light guide fibers are arranged at the periphery of the objective lens. By arranging the light guide fiber in this way, the influence of halation can be reduced.
- the illumination optical system is provided at the distal end of the insertion portion, and a guide wire characterized by having an LED light source for irradiating light into the subject becomes clear.
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing the entire guide wire 1.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a view of the guide wire 1 as viewed from the direction B in FIG. 4A to 4E are external views of the second portion P2 (described later).
- the guide wire 1 is for guiding insertion of a medical instrument (for example, a catheter, a stent, etc.) into a subject.
- the guide wire 1 includes an insertion portion 2, an observation optical system 3, a gripping portion 4, a connector 5, and a plug 6 (see FIGS. 1 to 3).
- the guide wire 1 in the embodiment includes at least an insertion portion 2 and an observation optical system 3.
- the insertion part 2 is a long member inserted into the subject.
- the insertion portion 2 has a first portion P1 and a second portion P2 that is more flexible than the first portion P1.
- the insertion portion 2 includes a distal end portion 20 and a shaft portion 21.
- the tip portion 20 is fixed to the shaft portion 21 with an adhesive or the like.
- the distal end portion 20 constitutes the distal end of the insertion portion 2.
- the tip portion 20 is a cylindrical hard member.
- the tip portion 20 is made of, for example, stainless steel (SUS304 or the like).
- the diameter of the tip portion 20 is, for example, 1.2 mm.
- the observation optical system 3 is disposed in the tip portion 20.
- the observation optical system 3 includes an imaging device 3a, an objective lens 3b, a light guide fiber 3c as an illumination optical system, a cable portion 3d, and an FPC board 3e (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
- the observation optical system 3 is fixed in the distal end portion 20 with a resin adhesive or the like.
- the observation optical system 3 in the embodiment includes at least an image sensor 3a, an objective lens 3b, and an illumination optical system (light guide fiber 3c).
- the imaging element 3a is an element that images the inside of the subject.
- a CMOS sensor or a CCD sensor can be used as the image sensor 3a.
- the CMOS sensor is suitable for downsizing the tip 20 compared to the CCD sensor.
- the objective lens 3b is provided in front of the image pickup surface of the image pickup device 3a in the distal end portion 20.
- the objective lens 3b is disposed so that one lens surface (the surface opposite to the lens surface facing the imaging surface) is flush with the distal end surface of the distal end portion 20.
- the image sensor 3a captures an image of the subject via the objective lens 3b.
- the objective lens 3b for example, a GRIN lens can be used.
- the objective lens 3b may be configured as a lens group in which a plurality of lenses (glass, plastic, etc.) are combined.
- the viewing angle of the objective lens 3b is, for example, 95 to 120 degrees.
- the objective lens 3b is disposed at a position biased with respect to the center of the imaging surface of the imaging device 3a (see FIG. 3).
- the light guide fiber 3c is a long member that guides light from a light source (not shown).
- the light guide fiber 3c is arranged such that the emission surface (the tip surface from which light is emitted) is flush with the tip surface of the tip part 20. Therefore, the light (illumination light) guided by the light guide fiber 3c is irradiated into the subject from the exit surface.
- the proximal end side of the light guide fiber 3 c is inserted through the shaft portion 21 and connected to a light source (not shown) through the plug 6.
- a fiber made of multicomponent glass or plastic can be used as the light guide fiber 3c.
- a plurality of light guide fibers 3c are provided as an illumination optical system.
- the plurality of light guide fibers 3c are arranged on the periphery of the objective lens 3b.
- the exit surface of the light guide fiber 3c is positioned around the lens surface of the objective lens 3b (see FIG. 3). In this case, halation due to illumination light can be reduced.
- the cable portion 3d is a unit in which a plurality of signal lines 30d (only two are shown in FIG. 2) are covered with an outer sheath 31d.
- the signal line 30d is a line for transmitting a drive signal (and drive power) for driving the image sensor 3a and an image signal from the image sensor 3a (a signal obtained by converting a captured image into an electric signal).
- the tip of the cable portion 3d (signal line 30d) is connected to the FPC board 3e.
- the proximal end side of the cable portion 3d (signal line 30d) is inserted through the shaft portion 21 and connected to a processor (not shown) via the connector 5.
- the processor (not shown) is a device arranged outside the subject.
- the processor (not shown) has a function of processing an imaging signal to form an image and a function of supplying driving power for the imaging element 3a.
- the FPC board 3e is used for electrical connection between the image sensor 3a and a processor (not shown).
- the FPC board 3e includes a mounting portion 30e and two rear piece portions 31e.
- the mounting portion 30e is a portion where the image sensor 3a is connected to the FPC board 3e.
- the rear piece portion 31e is a portion that extends from the mounting portion 30e to the rear (the base end side of the distal end portion 20) when the FPC board 3e is bent on both sides of the mounting portion 30e.
- the image sensor 3a is electrically connected to a processor (not shown) via the cable part 3d.
- the FPC board 3e only needs to be able to electrically connect the image sensor 3a and a processor (not shown), and the shape thereof is not limited to the above example. It is also possible to directly connect the image pickup device 3a and the cable portion 3d. In this case, the FPC board 3e is unnecessary.
- the shaft portion 21 is a long cylindrical member that is connected to the tip portion 20 and has a first portion P1 and a second portion P2 that is more flexible than the first portion P1.
- the shaft portion 21 is made of stainless steel (SUS304 or the like), NiTi, Ti or the like.
- the diameter of the shaft portion 21 is, for example, 0.9 mm to 1.2 mm. In the embodiment, the diameter of the shaft portion 21 is formed smaller than the diameter of the tip portion 20. In this way, the guide wire 1 can be easily inserted into the subject by connecting the hard tip portion 20 to the flexible shaft portion 21.
- the first portion P1 constitutes a portion of the shaft portion 21 other than the second portion P2.
- the first portion P1 is less flexible than the second portion P2. Therefore, the first portion P1 can transmit the force applied from the grip portion 4 to the second portion P2 and the tip portion 20.
- the second portion P2 is more flexible than the first portion P1. Therefore, the second portion P2 can be easily bent by applying a certain level of force through the first portion P1.
- the second portion P2 is provided at a predetermined length on the tip portion 20 side of the shaft portion 21. In the embodiment, the second portion P2 is provided at a position of 5 mm to 500 mm from the tip portion 20 side in order to secure a connection portion between the tip portion 20 and the shaft portion 21.
- the position of the second portion P2 can be set to a desired value in consideration of the length of the shaft portion 21 and the like.
- the second portion P2 in the embodiment is configured by forming a plurality of slits S in the shaft portion 21.
- the slit S is formed, for example, by performing laser processing on the outer surface of the shaft portion 21.
- the second portion P2 can be more flexible than the first portion P1. Further, by adjusting the width and length of the slit S, the pushability when the guide wire 1 is inserted into the subject via the grip portion 4 and the guide wire 1 when the guide wire 1 is rotated via the grip portion 4 are adjusted. Torque transmission can be adjusted. Moreover, the insertion part 2 can be bent only by providing the slit S. Therefore, it is not necessary to use a complicated configuration for bending (for example, refer to the configuration of a curved portion of a general endoscope), and the guide wire 1 can be simplified and reduced in diameter.
- the shape of the slit S is not limited to the following. That is, the slit S should just be the structure which can make the flexibility of the 2nd part P2 higher than the 1st part P1 at least. Moreover, the slit S should just be formed two or more in at least one part of the outer periphery of the 2nd part P2.
- the slit S shown in FIG. 4A has a configuration in which two parallel cuts are formed in a spiral shape with respect to the major axis direction of the insertion portion 2 (shaft portion 21). Such a slit S is easy to process because it is only necessary to provide a spiral cut on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 21.
- the slit S shown in FIG. 4B has a configuration in which cuts (straight) in the short axis direction of the insertion portion 2 (shaft portion 21) are alternately formed in the long axis direction.
- Such a slit S is easy to process because it is only necessary to provide a linear cut on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 21.
- the slit S shown in FIG. 4C has a configuration in which curved cuts C are provided at predetermined intervals in a spiral cut (however, one cut) as shown in FIG. 4A. Further, the cut portion connecting the curved cuts C is formed in a straight line. One curved cut C has two bent portions f. The two bent portions f are bent in different directions with respect to the spiral cut. Such a slit S can further enhance the flexibility of the second portion P2.
- the slit S shown in FIG. 4D has a configuration in which curved cuts C are provided at predetermined intervals in a spiral cut (however, one cut) as shown in FIG. 4A.
- the cut portion that connects the curved cuts C is formed in a curve c having a smaller curvature than the curved cut C.
- one curved cut C has two bent portions f. The two bent portions f are bent in different directions with respect to the spiral cut.
- Such a slit S further enhances the flexibility of the second portion P2 and facilitates transmission of force when the grip portion 4 is rotated. Therefore, the pushability and torque transmission performance of the insertion portion 2 can be improved.
- the slit S shown in FIG. 4E has a configuration in which a plurality of notches are formed in an oblique direction with respect to the major axis direction of the insertion portion 2 (shaft portion 21).
- the plurality of notches are formed on the same side (for example, the upper side in FIG. 4E) with respect to the long axis of the insertion portion 2.
- Such a slit S can easily bend the second portion P2 in a specific direction (a direction opposite to the direction of the notch).
- hydrophilic coating layer it is desirable to form a hydrophilic coating layer on the outer periphery of the slit S.
- the polymer used for the hydrophilic coating layer only needs to provide hydrophilicity to the coating. That is, it may be a synthetic polymer or a biological polymer. Moreover, the blend and copolymer of both polymers may be sufficient.
- the hydrophilic polymer ranges from about 8,000 to about 5,000,000 g / mol, preferably from about 20,000 to about 3,000,000 g / mol, and more preferably from about 200,000 to It has a molecular weight in the range of about 2,000,000 g / mol.
- hydrophilic polymer examples include poly (lactam), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyurethane, homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl ether, maleic anhydride copolymer, polyester, vinylamine, polyethyleneimine Polyethylene oxide, poly (carboxylic acid), polyamide, polyanhydride, polyphosphazene, cellulose, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, heparin, dextran, polypeptide, collagen, fibrin, and elastin, polysaccharides, Chitosan, hyaluronic acid, alginate, gelatin, chitin, polylactide, polyglycolide, polycaprolacto , Albumin, oligo peptides, short peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
- the grasping part 4 is a part to be grasped when the guide wire 1 is operated (inserted / removed) with respect to the subject.
- a doctor or the like pushes the insertion portion 2 into the subject with the other hand while holding the grasping portion 4 with one hand.
- a doctor or the like rotates the guide wire 1 (insertion unit 2) within the subject by twisting the grasping unit 4.
- the connector 5 is a part that electrically connects the processor (not shown) and the guide wire 1.
- the cable part 3d (signal line 30d) from the grip part 4 to the connector 5 is covered with, for example, a polyethylene tube PE (see FIG. 1).
- the plug 6 is a portion that optically connects the light source (not shown) and the guide wire 1 (light guide fiber 3c).
- the light guide fiber 3c from the grip 4 to the plug 6 is covered with, for example, a polyethylene tube PE (see FIG. 1).
- the guide wire 1 having the above-described configuration can be used at various parts of the subject. Note that at least the length of the insertion portion 2 varies depending on the site to be used.
- a guide wire is inserted under fluoroscopy, and a stent is inserted along the guide wire. Then, a ureteroscope is inserted along the guide wire, and it is confirmed whether or not the stent is disposed at a desired site (affected site).
- the guide wire 1 according to the embodiment has an observation optical system 3. Therefore, the guide wire 1 can be easily inserted into the ureter while checking the optical image. That is, even when the guide wire 1 is inserted into the ureter, it is not necessary to perform it under X-ray fluoroscopy. Therefore, the guide wire 1 does not need to consider the exposure amount at the time of insertion. Moreover, since the guide wire 1 has the highly flexible 2nd part P2 in the insertion part 2, insertion operation in a ureter can be performed easily. Further, a stent can be inserted along the inserted guide wire 1. That is, the guide wire 1 according to the embodiment also has the original function of the guide wire.
- the guide wire 1 can save labor of the procedure. As a result, the burden on the patient is reduced and the treatment (examination) cost is reduced.
- the guide wire 1 can be easily inserted to the heart while confirming the optical image, and it is not necessary to consider the exposure amount at the time of insertion. Moreover, since the guide wire 1 has the highly flexible 2nd part P2 in the insertion part 2, the insertion operation
- catheter treatment it is necessary to insert and remove a plurality of catheters with respect to the subject, but a plurality of catheters can be inserted and removed along the inserted guide wire 1. That is, the guide wire 1 according to the embodiment also has the original function of the guide wire. Furthermore, the portion where the catheter treatment is performed can be confirmed by the guide wire 1. Therefore, it is not necessary to insert an angioscope to confirm the state of treatment. That is, the guide wire 1 according to the embodiment can save labor of the procedure. As a result, the burden on the patient is reduced and the treatment (examination) cost is reduced.
- a slit S is formed by performing laser processing on a part of the long shaft portion 21 with a processing apparatus or the like.
- the portion where the slit S is formed functions as the second portion P2.
- the producer fixes the tip 20 and the tip of the shaft 21 with an adhesive. Thereby, the insertion part 2 is completed.
- the manufacturer inserts the imaging element 3a and the light guide fiber 3c attached to the FPC board 3e from the proximal end side of the shaft portion 21 (insertion portion 2). Then, the manufacturer adheres the imaging element 3a (FPC board 3e), the light guide fiber 3c, and the objective lens 3b to the distal end portion 20 using a resin adhesive. Thereby, the observation optical system 3 is fixed in the distal end portion 20.
- the FPC board 3e (rear piece portion 31e) is connected to the cable portion 3d (signal line 30d).
- the manufacturer provides the grip portion 4 on the base end side of the shaft portion 21 (insertion portion 2), and provides the connector 5 on the base end of the cable portion 3d (signal line 30d) extending from the grip portion 4.
- the manufacturer provides the plug 6 at the proximal end of the light guide fiber 3 c extending from the grip portion 4. In this way, the guide wire 1 is completed.
- tip part 20 and the shaft part 21 demonstrated by the structure of a different body, it is not restricted to this.
- the observation optical system 3 is arranged at the tip of a long member (insertion portion 2) having the same diameter, and a portion (a first portion P1) having a higher flexibility than the other portion (first portion P1) ( A second part P2) may be provided.
- the insertion part 2 of the guide wire 1 can be created with one member. Therefore, it is not necessary to bond the tip portion 20 and the shaft portion 21 and the manufacture of the guide wire 1 can be simplified.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a cross section of the distal end portion 20 in the guide wire 1 according to this modification.
- the observation optical system 7 in this modification includes an image guide fiber 7a, an objective lens 7b, an image sensor 7c, and a light guide fiber 7d as an illumination optical system.
- the image guide fiber 7a is inserted into the distal end portion 20 and the shaft portion 21, and transmits an optical image in the subject through the objective lens 7b.
- a quartz fiber or a plastic optical fiber (POF) can be used as the image guide fiber 7a.
- the objective lens 7b is provided in front of the incident surface of the image guide fiber 7a.
- the image sensor 7c is provided at the rear end of the insertion portion 2 and captures an optical image transmitted from the image guide fiber 7a.
- the light guide fiber 7d guides light from a light source (not shown) into the subject.
- a plurality of light guide fibers 7d are provided around the image guide fiber 7a.
- the illumination optical system is not limited to the light guide fiber 3c.
- an LED light source LS can be used.
- the LED light source LS is provided in the distal end portion 20 and irradiates light into the subject.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing the distal end surface of the distal end portion 20 of the guide wire 1.
- the emission surface of the LED light source LS is disposed in the vicinity of the objective lens 3b (the LED light source LS is provided in the distal end portion 20).
- the LED light source LS emits light when driving power is supplied through the signal line 30d.
- the configuration of the guide wire 1 can be simplified.
- the slit S is not always necessary.
- the second portion P2 may be made of a material that is more flexible than the first portion P1 (a highly flexible material).
- the second portion P2 may be made of a flexible material and the slit S may be formed.
- the 2nd part P2 was described in the example which is only one place in the insertion part 2, it is not restricted to this.
- a plurality of second portions P ⁇ b> 2 may be provided with respect to the insertion portion 2 as long as the rigidity capable of inserting the insertion portion 2 into the subject can be secured.
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Abstract
Description
本明細書及び添付図面の記載により、少なくとも、以下の事項が明らかとなる。
すなわち、被検体に対する医療器具の挿入をガイドするためのガイドワイヤであって、第1の部分及び第1の部分よりも可撓性が高い第2の部分を有し、被検体に挿入される挿入部と、挿入部に設けられ、被検体内を観察するための観察光学系と、を有することを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このようなガイドワイヤは、操作性に優れ、且つ効率よく手技を行うことが可能となる。
また、挿入部は、先端を構成する先端部と、先端部と接続され、第1の部分及び第2の部分を有する長尺のシャフト部と、を有し、シャフト部において、第2の部分は先端部側に設けられていることを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このようなガイドワイヤは、先端部の近傍で柔軟性を持たせることができるため、より操作性に優れる。
また、第2の部分の外周の少なくとも一部には2つ以上のスリットが形成されていることを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このようなガイドワイヤは、スリットを設けるだけの簡易な構成で操作性に優れる。
また、スリットの外周には親水性のコーティング層が形成されていることを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このようなガイドワイヤは、被検体内への挿抜が容易となる。
また、観察光学系は、挿入部の先端に設けられ、被検体内を撮像する撮像素子と、撮像素子の撮像面の前方に設けられる対物レンズと、被検体内を照明するための照明光学系と、を含んで構成されることを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
また、観察光学系は、被検体内の光学像を伝達するイメージガイドファイバと、イメージガイドファイバの入射面の前方に設けられる対物レンズと、挿入部の後端に設けられ、イメージガイドファイバから伝達された光学像を撮像する撮像素子と、被検体内を照明するための照明光学系と、を含んで構成されるガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このような観察光学系を設けることにより、他の観察装置(内視鏡等)を使用する必要がない。よって、効率よく手技を行うことが可能となる。
また、撮像素子は、CMOSセンサであることを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
撮像素子としてCMOSセンサを用いることにより、挿入部先端の小型化が可能となる。
また、照明光学系は、光源からの光を被検体内に導くライトガイドファイバを有することを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
また、ライトガイドファイバは複数設けられ、複数のライトガイドファイバは、対物レンズの周縁に配置されていることを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このようにライトガイドファイバを配置することにより、ハレーションの影響を低減することができる。
また、照明光学系は、挿入部の先端に設けられ、被検体内に光を照射するLED光源を有することを特徴とするガイドワイヤが明らかとなる。
このような照明光学系を用いることにより、挿入部の細径化を図ることができる。
図1~図4Eを参照して、実施形態に係るガイドワイヤ1の構成について説明を行う。図1は、ガイドワイヤ1の全体を示す外観図である。図2は、図1のA-A断面図である。図3は、ガイドワイヤ1を図1のB方向からみた図である。図4A~図4Eは、第2の部分P2(後述)の外観図である。
上述の構成を有するガイドワイヤ1は被検体の様々な部位で使用することができる。なお、使用する部位によって、少なくとも挿入部2の長さは異なる。
上述のガイドワイヤ1の製造方法の一例について説明する。
上記実施形態では、先端部20とシャフト部21が別体の構成で説明したが、これに限られない。たとえば、同一径の長尺部材(挿入部2)の先端に観察光学系3を配し、長尺部材の一部に他の部分(第1の部分P1)よりも可撓性が高い部分(第2の部分P2)を設けることでもよい。この場合、一の部材でガイドワイヤ1の挿入部2を作成することができる。従って、先端部20とシャフト部21との接着が不要となりガイドワイヤ1の製造を簡素化できる。
また、観察光学系は、上記実施形態の例に限られない。図5は、本変形例に係るガイドワイヤ1における先端部20の断面を示した模式図である。本変形例における観察光学系7は、イメージガイドファイバ7aと、対物レンズ7bと、撮像素子7cと、照明光学系としてのライトガイドファイバ7dとを含んで構成される。
また、照明光学系は、ライトガイドファイバ3cに限られない。照明光学系として、たとえば、LED光源LSを用いることも可能である。LED光源LSは、先端部20内に設けられ、被検体内に光を照射する。図6はガイドワイヤ1の先端部20の先端面を示す図である。図6に示すように、本変形例では、対物レンズ3bの近傍にLED光源LSの出射面を配置する(LED光源LSは、先端部20内に設けられる)。LED光源LSは、信号線30dを介して駆動電力が供給されることにより光を照射する。この場合、ライトガイドファイバ3cが不要になるため、挿入部2(シャフト部21)の細径化を図ることができる。また、光源(図示なし)とガイドワイヤ1とを接続するためのプラグ6も不要になるため、ガイドワイヤ1の構成を簡素化できる。
第2の部分P2において、スリットSは必ずしも必要ではない。たとえば、第2の部分P2を第1の部分P1よりも柔軟性のある材料(可撓性の高い材料)で作成することでもよい。或いは、第2の部分P2を柔軟性のある材料で作成し、且つスリットSを形成することでもよい。また、上記実施形態では、挿入部2において第2の部分P2が一箇所だけの例で述べたがこれに限られない。挿入部2を被検体に挿入できる剛性を確保できれば、第2の部分P2は、挿入部2に対して複数設けられていてもよい。
2 挿入部
3 観察光学系
3a 撮像素子
3b 対物レンズ
3c ライトガイドファイバ
3d ケーブル部
3e FPC基板
4 把持部
5 コネクタ
6 プラグ
20 先端部
21 シャフト部
30d 信号線
31d 外皮
30e 実装部
31e 後片部
P1 第1の部分
P2 第2の部分
Claims (10)
- 被検体に対する医療器具の挿入をガイドするためのガイドワイヤであって、
第1の部分及び前記第1の部分よりも可撓性が高い第2の部分を有し、前記被検体に挿入される挿入部と、
前記挿入部に設けられ、前記被検体内を観察するための観察光学系と、
を有することを特徴とするガイドワイヤ。 - 前記挿入部は、
先端を構成する先端部と、
前記先端部と接続され、前記第1の部分及び前記第2の部分を有する長尺のシャフト部と、
を有し、
前記シャフト部において、前記第2の部分は前記先端部側に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のガイドワイヤ。 - 前記第2の部分の外周の少なくとも一部には2つ以上のスリットが形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載のガイドワイヤ。
- 前記スリットの外周には親水性のコーティング層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項3記載のガイドワイヤ。
- 前記観察光学系は、
前記挿入部の先端に設けられ、前記被検体内を撮像する撮像素子と、
前記撮像素子の撮像面の前方に設けられる対物レンズと、
前記被検体内を照明するための照明光学系と、
を含んで構成されることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一つに記載のガイドワイヤ。 - 前記観察光学系は、
前記被検体内の光学像を伝達するイメージガイドファイバと、
前記イメージガイドファイバの入射面の前方に設けられる対物レンズと、
前記挿入部の後端に設けられ、前記イメージガイドファイバから伝達された光学像を撮像する撮像素子と、
前記被検体内を照明するための照明光学系と、
を含んで構成される請求項1~4のいずれか一つに記載のガイドワイヤ。 - 前記撮像素子は、CMOSセンサであることを特徴とする請求項5または6記載のガイドワイヤ。
- 前記照明光学系は、光源からの光を前記被検体内に導くライトガイドファイバを有することを特徴とする請求項5~7のいずれか一つに記載のガイドワイヤ。
- 前記ライトガイドファイバは複数設けられ、
複数の前記ライトガイドファイバは、前記対物レンズの周縁に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項8記載のガイドワイヤ。 - 前記照明光学系は、前記挿入部の先端に設けられ、前記被検体内に光を照射するLED光源を有することを特徴とする請求項5~7のいずれか一つに記載のガイドワイヤ。
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