WO2014154527A1 - Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche - Google Patents
Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014154527A1 WO2014154527A1 PCT/EP2014/055388 EP2014055388W WO2014154527A1 WO 2014154527 A1 WO2014154527 A1 WO 2014154527A1 EP 2014055388 W EP2014055388 W EP 2014055388W WO 2014154527 A1 WO2014154527 A1 WO 2014154527A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- flexible
- melamine
- urea
- formaldehyde
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
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- FFYWKOUKJFCBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC=C FFYWKOUKJFCBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C=C BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Substances CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 210000005224 forefinger Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCCC(=O)O1 VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAMYCKUDTNLASP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,2-diol Chemical class CCCCC(C)(O)O SAMYCKUDTNLASP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- JXYZHMPRERWTPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;morpholine;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1COCCN1 JXYZHMPRERWTPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001341 hydroxy propyl starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050526 hydroxyethylstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013828 hydroxypropyl starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019239 indanthrene blue RS Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N indanthrone blue Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=C4NC5=C6C(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7C(=O)C6=CC=C5NC4=C3C(=O)C2=C1 UHOKSCJSTAHBSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005087 leaf formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N maleamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- SNVLJLYUUXKWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidenecarbene Chemical compound C=[C] SNVLJLYUUXKWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- LYJBOOIEDMKARL-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholin-4-ium;sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.C1COCCN1.C1COCCN1 LYJBOOIEDMKARL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVJOXYJFOYNQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholine;hydrobromide Chemical compound Br.C1COCCN1 BVJOXYJFOYNQRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAWHFUNJDMQUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N morpholine;hydroiodide Chemical compound [I-].C1COCC[NH2+]1 VAWHFUNJDMQUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CNC(=O)C=C YPHQUSNPXDGUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XFHJDMUEHUHAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCO OEIJHBUUFURJLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002979 perylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZWLUXSQADUDCSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=O ZWLUXSQADUDCSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTECDUFMBMSHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C=C QTECDUFMBMSHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O GGHPAKFFUZUEKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamide Chemical class NS(N)(=O)=O NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006557 surface reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000225 synapse Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
- A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
- A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L13/00—Implements for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
- A47L13/10—Scrubbing; Scouring; Cleaning; Polishing
- A47L13/16—Cloths; Pads; Sponges
- A47L13/17—Cloths; Pads; Sponges containing cleaning agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/007—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
- B24D11/003—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials without embedded abrasive particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/20—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially organic
- B24D3/28—Resins or natural or synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/16—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising curable or polymerisable compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
- D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
- D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H19/26—Aminoplasts
Definitions
- the invention relates to flexible, flat substrates with a flexible, abrasive surface and their use as wiping cloths for the cleaning of surfaces in the household and in industry.
- thermosetting resins From WO-A-2010/010046 flexible sheet substrates with an abrasive surface, obtainable by applying an aqueous solution or dispersion of a thermosetting resin are known. Paper, cardboard, cardboard, knitted fabric, tissue (including so-called tissues) and nonwovens (including so-called nonwovens) are used as flexible, flat substrates. Aminoplast resins, more particularly melamine / formaldehyde and urea / formaldehyde precondensates, for example glues and impregnating resins, are used as the thermosetting resins. These leave much to be desired because of their brittleness in the flexibility of the substrates.
- WO-A-2008/000665 discloses a process for finishing paper and paper products with at least one finishing agent, wherein at least one finishing agent in the form of a pattern is applied to the top and / or bottom of paper or paper products.
- This process requires lower levels of finishing agents compared to known finishing processes to produce papers with comparable properties.
- a finishing agent u.a.
- melamine / formaldehyde resins and urea / formaldehyde resins into consideration. Viscosity-improving additives, also called thickeners, are not mentioned.
- the present invention was therefore based on the object to remedy the aforementioned disadvantages, in particular to provide flexible, flat substrates with an abrasive surface for the cleaning of surfaces, in which the scratching of sensitive surfaces to be cleaned is reduced.
- new and improved flexible sheet substrates having a flexible, abrasive surface containing from 0.1% to 90% by weight of a blend, based on the uncoated substrate, containing the condensation product of 99.985% to 20% by weight of at least one Precondensates of a thermosetting resin, 0.005 to 10% by weight of a polymeric thickener selected from the group consisting of biopolymers, associative thickeners and / or fully synthetic thickeners, 0.01 to 10% by weight of a hardener, 0 to 10% by weight surface-active substances or surfactants, 0 to 15 wt .-% active and effect substances and 0 to 75 wt .-% water, found, which are characterized in that this mixture 10 to 70 wt .-% of one or more Binder based on the above mixture from the group of polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyacrylonitriles, copolymers of acrylic acid esters and acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylonitrile
- the flexible, sheet-like substrates according to the invention having a flexible, abrasive surface contain from 0.1 to 90% by weight, preferably from 0.25 to 75% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 50% by weight, of a mixture containing the Condensation product of at least one precondensate of a thermosetting resin, a polymeric thickener selected from the group consisting of biopolymers, associative thickeners and / or fully synthetic thickeners, a hardener and a binder contains, in particular consists thereof.
- Possible further components of the mixture are surfactants, additives and active ingredients.
- Abrasive surfaces in the sense of this invention means that these surfaces exercise a rubbing or scouring action when moving over another surface.
- Suitable flexible, flat substrates are, for example, paper, cardboard, cardboard, tissue (including so-called tissue), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (preferably so-called non-wovens), preferably paper, cardboard, tissue (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called non-wovens), particularly preferably paper, tissue, (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called non-wovens).
- Paper, paperboard, cardboard and paperboard can be made from all types of cellulosic fibers, both natural cellulosic fibers and recovered fibers, especially recovered paper fibers, which are often used in admixture with virgin fibers.
- the fibers are suspended in water to a pulp which is placed on a sieve Leaf formation is drained.
- pulp for the production of pulps all grades customary in the paper industry come into consideration, for example wood pulp, bleached and unbleached pulp and pulps from all annual plants.
- Wood pulp includes, for example, groundwood, thermomechanical pulp (TMP), chemo-thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP), pressure groundwood, semi-pulp, high yield pulp, and refiner mechanical pulp (RMP).
- pulp for example, sulphate, sulphite and soda pulps come into consideration.
- unbleached pulp also referred to as unbleached kraft pulp
- Suitable annual plants for the production of pulps are, for example, rice, wheat, sugar cane and kenaf.
- the weight per unit area of the paper products which constitute the planar substrate for the products according to the invention is, for example, 7.5 to 500 g / m 2 , preferably 10 to 150 g / m 2 , in particular 10 to 100 g / m 2 .
- Particularly preferred flat substrates are papers made of tissue and papers which have a structured surface, for example the household kitchen roll.
- Such paper products have, for example, a basis weight of 10 to 60 g / m 2 .
- the flat substrates used may consist of one layer or be composed of several layers, for example, by superimposing and pressing the still moist layers immediately after production, or by bonding the already dry layers together with the aid of appropriate adhesives.
- Tissues including so-called tissues
- knitted fabrics and nonwovens including so-called nonwovens
- flat substrates usually consist of textile fibers or blends of textile fibers. Examples include fibers of cotton, cellulose, hemp, wool, polyamide such as nylon ® , Perlon ® or polycaprolactam, polyester and polyacrylonitrile.
- tissues and non-wovens are cleaning wipes of all kinds, for example household cleaning wipes.
- the thickness of the flexible, sheet-like substrates according to the invention is generally arbitrary and is generally 0.01 to 1000 mm, preferably 0.02 to 200 mm, more preferably 0.03 to 50 mm, in particular 0.04 to 20 mm. It is usually in the range of 0.05 to 3 mm.
- the sheet-like substrates are present, for example, in the form of webs or sheets. Such materials are still flexible even after the application and curing of the mixture according to the invention.
- the flexibility of the untreated substrate decreases due to the application of the thermosetting resin, but not to the extent that rigid, inflexible structures arise, as are common, for example, in furniture veneers.
- Paper or paperboard coated in accordance with the invention are generally not brittle, furthermore flexible and collapsible without breaking. Cardboard boxes and cartons coated in accordance with the invention remain bendable and, as a rule, have an improved wiping action compared with an uncoated, flexible, flat substrate.
- Suitable precondensates of a thermosetting resin are melamine / formaldehyde precondensates having a molar ratio of melamine to formaldehyde of from 1: 1 to 1: 4, preferably from 1: 1 to 1: 3, more preferably from 1: 1 to 1: 2, examples being the Kauramin® impregnating resins from BASF SE, methanol-etherified melamine / formaldehyde precondensates having a molar ratio of melamine to formaldehyde of 1 : 1 to 1: 6, preferably from 1: 1 to 1: 5.5, more preferably from 1: 1 to 1: 5, as an example may be mentioned the Luwipal® Lackver- netzer BASF SE, urea / formaldehyde precondensates with a molar ratio of urea to formaldehyde of 1: 0.5 to 1: 5, preferably 1: 1 to 1: 4, particularly preferably 1: 1 to 1: 2, examples being the Kaurit® glue
- a precondensate of melamine and formaldehyde is used in which the molar ratio of formaldehyde to melamine is less than 4: 1.
- the thermosetting resin used is preferably a precondensate of melamine and formaldehyde in which the molar ratio of formaldehyde to melamine is 1: 1 to 3: 1, more preferably 1: 1 to 2: 1.
- Melamine / formaldehyde condensation products may contain, in addition to melamine, from 0.01 to 50% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 20% by weight, of "other thermoset formers" (as described below) and, in addition to formaldehyde, from 0.01 to 50% by weight. %, preferably 0.1 to 20 wt .-% "other aldehydes" (as described below) in condensed form.
- thermoset agents are, for example, alkyl- and aryl-substituted melamine, urea, urethanes, carboxamides, dicyandiamide, guanidine, sulfurylamide, sulfonic acid amides, aliphatic amines, glycols, phenol and phenol derivatives.
- acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, n-butyraldehyde, trimethylolacetaldehyde, acrolein, benzaldehyde, furfural, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, phthalaldehyde and terephthalaldehyde can be used, for example, to partially replace the formaldehyde in the condensates.
- the precondensates may optionally be etherified with at least one alcohol.
- these are monohydric C 1 - to C 4 alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, Isopropanol, n-propanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, n-pentanol, cyclopentanol, n-hexanol, cyclohexanol, n-octanol, decanol, palmityl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, polyhydric alcohols such as glycol, diethylene glycol, glycerol, butanediol 1, 4, hexanediol-1, 6, polyethylene glycols having 3 to 20 ethylene oxide units, unilaterally end-capped glycols and polyalkylene glycols, propylene glycol-1, 2, propylene glycol-1, 3, polypropylene glycols, pentaerythritol and trimethylo
- thermosetting resins belongs to the prior art, cf. Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Sixth Completely Revised Edition, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim, "Amino Resins", Vol. 2, pages 537 to 565 (2003).
- this starts from an aqueous solution or dispersion of a precondensate, preferably of melamine and formaldehyde.
- a precondensate preferably of melamine and formaldehyde.
- the solids concentration is usually 5 to 95 wt .-%, preferably 10 to 70 wt .-%.
- Suitable polymeric thickeners are biopolymers, associative thickeners, fully synthetic thickeners or mixtures thereof, preferably biopolymers, fully synthetic thickeners or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably biopolymers.
- Suitable biopolymers are polysaccharides such as starch, guar gum, locust bean gum, agar-agar, pectins, gum arabic, xanthan, proteins such as gelatin, casein or mixtures thereof, preferably polysaccharides such as starch, guar gum, locust bean gum, agar-agar, pectins, gum arabic, Xanthan or proteins such as gelatin, casein or mixtures thereof, more preferably polysaccharides such as starch, guar gum, locust bean gum, agar-agar, pectins, gum arabic, xanthan gum or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable associative thickeners are modified celluloses such as methylcellulose (MC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) and ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC), modified starches such as hydroxyethyl starch or hydroxypropyl starch, or mixtures thereof, preferably modified celluloses such as Methylcellulose (MC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), ethylhydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC) or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable fully synthetic thickeners are, for example, polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylamides, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycols or mixtures thereof.
- Suitable hardeners are those which catalyze the further condensation of the thermosetting resins such as acids or salts thereof and aqueous solutions of these salts.
- Suitable acids are inorganic acids such as HCl, HBr, Hl, H 2 SO 3, H 2 SO 4, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfonic acids, for example p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, nonafluorobutanesulfonic acid, carboxylic acids such as Cr to Cs-carboxylic acids, for example formic acid, acetic acid, Propionic acid or their Gem- see, preferably inorganic acids such as HCl, H2SO3, H2SO4, phosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, carboxylic acids such as
- Suitable salts are halides, sulfites, sulfates, hydrogen sulfates, carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, nitrites, nitrates, sulfonates, salts of carboxylic acids such as formates, acetates, propionates, preferably sulfites, carbonates, nitrates, sulfonates, salts of carboxylic acids such as formates, acetates , Propionates, particularly preferably sulfites, nitrates, sulfonates, salts of carboxylic acids such as formates, acetates, propionates, protonated, primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, cyclic aromatic amines such as Cr to Cs Aminejsopropylamin, 2-ethylhexylamine, di - (2-ethylhexyl) amine, diethylamine, diprop
- Particularly suitable salts are: ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, ammonium iodide, ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfite, ammonium hydrogen sulfate, ammonium methanesulfonate, ammonium p-toluenesulfonate, ammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, ammonium nonafluorobutanesulfonate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, morpholinium chloride, morpholinium bromide, morpholinium iodide, morpholinium sulfate, Morpholiniumsulfit, Morpholiniumhydrogensulfat, Morpholiniummethansulfonat, morpholinium p-toluenesulfonate, Morpholiniumtrifluormethansulfonat, Morpholiniumnonafluorbutans
- the salts are used in the form of their aqueous solutions.
- aqueous solutions are understood as meaning dilute, saturated, supersaturated and also partially precipitated solutions, as well as saturated solutions having a solids content of insoluble salt.
- the curing agents according to the invention mentioned for the condensation can also be applied separately to the flat substrate.
- the amounts used of the curing agents according to the invention are generally 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.5 to 10 wt .-%, based on the mixture.
- Suitable surfactants are, for example, all surfactants.
- nonionic surfactants are ethoxylated mono-, di- and tri-alkylphenols (degree of ethoxylation: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C3-C12) and also ethoxylated fatty alcohols (degree of ethoxylation: 3 to 80, alkyl radical: C8-C36).
- ethoxylated mono-, di- and tri-alkylphenols degree of ethoxylation: 3 to 50, alkyl radical: C3-C12
- ethoxylated fatty alcohols degree of ethoxylation: 3 to 80, alkyl radical: C8-C36
- Particularly preferred are ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols of the general formula n-CxH2x + i-0 (CH 2 CH 2 O) yH, where x are integers in the range from 10 to 24, preferably in the range from 12 to 20.
- variable y preferably stands for integers in the range from 5 to 50, more preferably 8 to 40.
- Ethoxylated linear fatty alcohols are usually present as a mixture of different ethoxylated fatty alcohols with different degrees of ethoxylation.
- the variable y in the context of the present invention stands for the mean value (number average).
- Suitable nonionic surface-active substances are also copolymers, in particular block copolymers of ethylene oxide and at least one C3-Cio-alkylene oxide, for. B. triblock copolymers of the formula
- A is a radical derived from an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic diol, eg ethane-1, 2-diyl, propane-1,3-diyl, butane-1, 4-diyl, cyclohexyl xan-1, 4-diyl, cyclohexane-1,2-diyl or bis (cyclohexyl) methane-4,4'-diyl, B and B 'independently of one another propane-1,2-diyl, butane-1, 2- diyl or phenylethanyl independently represent a number from 2 to 100 and y2, y3 independently represent a number from 2 to 100, wherein the sum y1 + y2 + y3 +
- glycols such as Zonyl ® or Capstone® (DuPont) are suitable as surface-active substances with fluorine substituted poly.
- Suitable surface-active substances besides the nonionic surfactants are anionic and cationic surfactants. They can be used alone or as a mixture the. The prerequisite for this, however, is that they are compatible with one another, ie that they produce no precipitation with each other. This requirement applies, for example, to mixtures of one compound class in each case and to mixtures of nonionic and anionic surfactants and mixtures of nonionic and cationic surfactants.
- suitable anionic surfactants are sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylsulfate, sodium hexadecylsulfate and sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate.
- esters of phosphoric acid or phosphorous acid and aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids may also be used as anionic emulsifiers.
- cationic surfactants are quaternary alkylammonium salts, alkylbenzylammonium salts, such as dimethyl-C 2 - to cis-alkylbenzylammonium chlorides, primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amine salts, quaternary amidoamine compounds, alkylpyridinium salts, alkylimidazolinium salts and alkyloxazolinium salts.
- Common emulsifiers are well described in the literature, see, for example, M. Ash, I. Ash, Handbook of Industrial Surfactants, Third Edition, Synapse Information Resources Inc.
- the aqueous solution or dispersion may contain one or more surface-active substances or surfactants in amounts of from 0 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably from 0.001 to 2.5% by weight.
- the flexible, sheet-like substrates according to the invention for example paper, cardboard, cardboard, tissue (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called nonwovens), preferably fabrics (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called nonwovens ), in addition to the abovementioned conventional additives such as thickeners, hardeners and surfactants or instead of the abovementioned customary additives, active substances and effect substances, preferably in an amount in the range from 0 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 0.001 to 15 wt. %, more preferably 0.001 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, most preferably 0.01 to 1 wt .-%, contain.
- Such active substances and effect substances are preferably perfumes, dyes or pigments, waxes, surfactants, surface-active substances, amphiphilic polymers, surface care agents, gloss-producing substances, antibacterial finish, biocides, silver ions, nanoparticles, silicones.
- Suitable dyes or pigments are inorganic and organic dyes or pigments, such as azo pigments and dyes and polycyclic pigments, especially copper phthalocyanine, indanthrene, Polychlorkupferphthalocyanin, perylenes, the active substances and effect substances, preferably volatile active and effect substances such as fragrances or water-insoluble Active and effect substances, such as waxes or silicones, may be encapsulated, preferably in microcapsules.
- the active substances and effect substances can be brought onto or into the flexible, flat substrates according to the invention in any desired manner. They are preferably applied to the flat substrates in the same work step as the resin. Most preferably, they are used as part of the resin solution or dispersion.
- Water can be used in amounts of 0 to 75% by weight or 0 to 79.985% by weight, preferably 0 to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 65% by weight, in addition to that in the aqueous components used added water.
- Suitable binders are polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyacrylonitriles, and copolymers of acrylates and acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylonitrile, acrylates and styrene and acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile and butadiene and styrene, polyurethanes, melamine-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde Resins, melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-glyoxal resins or mixtures thereof, preferably aqueous binders of the polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyacrylonitriles, as well as copolymers of acrylic esters and acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylonitrile , Acrylic esters and styrene and
- Polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyacrylonitriles, as well as copolymers of acrylates and acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylonitrile, acrylates and styrene and acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile and butadiene and styrene, can be obtained by free-radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds (monomers) according to well-known methods such as Vana, P., Barner-Kowollik, C, Davis, TP and Matyjaszewski, K. 2003. Radical Polymerization Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology; van Herk, A. and Heuts, H. 2009. Emulsion Polymerization.
- Polyurethanes, melamine-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-glyoxal resins can be prepared by polycondensation after general I obtained my known method as described, for example, in Ullmanns Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Sixth Completely Revised Edition, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim, "Amino Resins", Vol.
- binders are the Acronal®, Aerodur®, Emuldur® or Luphen® grades from BASF SE.
- Aqueous binder composition based on polymers obtained by free-radical polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated compounds (monomers), containing as essential binder components at least one polymer P, composed of
- the total amount of additional formaldehyde-containing binder components is ⁇ 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the sum of the total amounts of polymer P and saccharide compound S.
- An essential constituent of the aqueous binder composition is a polymer P which is built up in copolymerized form from .alpha.1 and -i 15% by weight of at least one acid group-containing ethylenically unsaturated
- Homopolymer has a glass transition temperature> 50 ° C (monomers F) and which differs from the monomers A to D.
- Suitable monomers A are all ethylenically unsaturated compounds which have at least one acid group [proton donor], for example a sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid or carboxylic acid group, for example vinylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, Al - lylphosphonic acid, styrenephosphonic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanephosphonic.
- proton donor for example a sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid or carboxylic acid group
- vinylsulfonic acid allylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, 2-acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, Al - lylphosphonic
- the monomers A to ⁇ , ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated, in particular C3-C6, C3 or C 4 preferably mono- or dicarboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, itaconic acid, allylacetic acid, crotonic acid, Vi - Nylacetic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, 2-methylmaleic acid.
- the monomers A also include the anhydrides of corresponding ⁇ , ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, such as, for example, maleic anhydride or 2-methylmaleic anhydride.
- the acid group-containing monomer A is selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, 2-methylmaleic acid and itaconic acid, with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and / or itaconic acid being particularly preferred.
- the monomers A also comprise the fully or partially neutralized water-soluble salts, in particular the alkali metal or ammonium salts, of the abovementioned acids.
- Suitable monomers A are all ⁇ , ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C6 mono- or dicarboxylic acid amides.
- the monomers A include the abovementioned compounds whose carboxylic acid amide group is substituted by an alkyl or a methylol group.
- Examples of such monomers A are the amides or diamides of ⁇ , ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C6, preferably C3 or C4 mono- or dicarboxylic acids such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, Ethylacrylklad, itaconic acid mono- or diamide, allyl acetic acid amide, crotonic acid mono- or diamide, vinyl acetic acid amide, fumaric mono- or diamide, maleic acid mono- or diamide and 2-methylmaleic acid mono- or diamide.
- C3 or C4 mono- or dicarboxylic acids such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, Ethylacryl Acidmid, itaconic acid mono- or diamide, allyl acetic acid amide, crotonic acid mono- or diamide, vinyl acetic acid amide, fumaric mono- or diamide, maleic acid mono- or diamide and 2-methylmaleic acid mono- or diamide.
- Examples of ⁇ , ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated C3 to C6 mono- or dicarboxylic acid amides whose carboxylic acid amide group is substituted by an alkyl or a methylol group are N-alkylacrylamides and -methacrylamides, such as, for example, N-tert-butylacrylamide and methacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide and methacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide and N-methylolmethacrylamide.
- Preferred amidic monomers A are acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and / or N-methylolmethacrylamide, with methylolacrylamide and / or N-methylolmethacrylamide being particularly preferred.
- Particularly preferred monomers A are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, 2-methylmaleic acid, itaconic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and / or N-methylolmethacrylamide, where acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, methylolacrylamide and / or N Methylolmethacrylamid are particularly preferred.
- the amount of polymerized in the polymer P monomers A is> 0.1 and 15% by weight, preferably> 0.5 and 10% by weight and particularly preferably> 3 and ⁇ 8.5 wt .-%.
- Suitable monomers B are all ethylenically unsaturated compounds which have at least one nitrile group. But advantageously is in the monomers B to the nitriles, which are ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated ⁇ from the foregoing, especially C3 to C6, preferably C3 or C 4 derived mono- or dicarboxylic acids, such as Ac- rylnitril , Methacrylonitrile, maleic acid dinitrile and / or fumaronitrile, with acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile being particularly preferred.
- C3 to C6, preferably C3 or C 4 derived mono- or dicarboxylic acids such as Ac- rylnitril , Methacrylonitrile, maleic acid dinitrile and / or fumaronitrile, with acrylonitrile and / or methacrylonitrile being particularly preferred.
- the amount of the monomers B copolymerized in the polymer P is> 8 and 30% by weight, preferably> 10 and> 25% by weight and particularly preferably> 10 and 20% by weight.
- Suitable monomers C are all compounds which have at least two non-conjugated ethylenically unsaturated groups. Examples include two vinyl radicals pointing monomers, two vinylidene radical-containing monomers and two alkenyl radicals having monomers. Particularly advantageous are the diesters of dihydric alcohols with ⁇ , ⁇ -monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, of which the acrylic and methacrylic acid are preferred.
- alkylene glycol diacrylates and dimethacrylates such as ethylene glycol diacrylate, 1,2-propylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-propylene glycol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, 1,4-butylene glycol diacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,2.
- the amount of polymerized in the polymer P monomer C is> 0 and ⁇ 5 wt .-%, preferably> 0 and ⁇ 3 wt .-% and particularly preferably> 0 and ⁇ 1, 5 wt .-%.
- Suitable monomers D are all monoethylenically unsaturated silane-containing compounds.
- the monomers D have a hydrolyzable silane group.
- Hydrolyzable silane groups advantageously contain at least one alkoxy group or one halogen atom, such as, for example, chlorine.
- Advantageously usable monomers D are disclosed in WO-A-2008/150647, page 9, lines 5 to 25.
- 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane and / or vinylethoxydimethoxysilane are used.
- the monomers D are always preferably used when inorganic granular and / or fibrous substrates, such as in particular glass fibers or mineral fiber, for example, asbestos or rock wool to be bound.
- the amount of the monomers D optionally polymerized in the polymer P in a preferred embodiment is> 0 and 10% by weight, preferably> 0 and 5% by weight and particularly preferably 0% by weight.
- the amount of the monomers copolymerized in the polymer P is D> 0.1 and 10% by weight, advantageously> 0.1 and ⁇ 5 wt .-% and particularly advantageously> 0.5 and ⁇ 2.5 wt .-%.
- Suitable monomers E are all ethylenically unsaturated monomers whose homopolymer have a glass transition temperature ⁇ 30 ° C. and which differ from the monomers A to D.
- Suitable monomers E are, for example, conjugated aliphatic CA to Cg diene compounds, esters of vinyl alcohol and a C 1 to C 10
- Monocarboxylic acid C 1 - to C 10 -alkyl acrylate, C 1 - to do-alkyl methacrylate, C 8 - to C 10 -cycloalkyl acrylate and methacrylate, C 1 - to C 10 -dialkyl maleinate and / or C 1 - to C 10 - Dialkyl fumarate, vinyl ethers of C3 to Cio alkanols, branched and unbranched C3 to C10 olefins. It is advantageous to use those monomers E whose homopolymers have Tg values ⁇ 0 ° C.
- monomers E are vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, di-n-butyl maleate, di- n-butyl fumarate, with 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 1, 4-butadiene and / or ethyl acrylate being particularly preferred.
- the amount of the monomer E copolymerized in the polymer P is> 20 and 70% by weight, preferably> 25 and> 65% by weight and particularly preferably> 30 and> 60% by weight.
- Suitable monomers F are all ethylenically unsaturated monomers whose homopolymerized polymers have a glass transition temperature> 50.degree. C. and which differ from monomers A to D.
- Suitable monomers F are, for example, vinylaromatic monomers and C 1 -C 4 -alkyl methacrylates.
- Vinylaromatic monomers are in particular derivatives of styrene or of ⁇ -methylstyrene in which the phenyl rings are optionally substituted by 1, 2 or 3 Cr to C 4 -alkyl groups, halogen, in particular bromine or chlorine and / or methoxy groups. Preference is given to those monomers whose homopolymers have a glass transition temperature> 80 ° C.
- Particularly preferred monomers are styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, o- or p-vinyltoluene, p-acetoxystyrene, p-bromostyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, o-, m- or p-chlorostyrene, methyl methacrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, but also, for example, tert-butyl vinyl ether or cyclohexyl vinyl ether, but methyl methacrylate, styrene and / or tert. Butyl methacrylate are particularly preferred.
- the amount of monomers F copolymerized in the polymer P is> 25 and 71, 9% by weight, preferably> 25 and> 64.5% by weight and more preferably> 25 and> 57% by weight.
- An aqueous binder composition comprising a polyurethane composed of
- the aqueous dispersions comprise polyurethanes which, among other monomers, are derived from diisocyanates 1 a), preference being given to using those diisocyanates 1 a) which are customarily used in polyurethane chemistry.
- X is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 15 Kohlenstotiatomen or an araliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 7 to 15 carbon atoms.
- diisocyanates examples include tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-3,5,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethylcyclohexane (IPDI), 2,2-bis (4-isocyanatocyclohexyl ) -propane, trimethylhexane diisocyanate, 1,4-diisocyanatobenzene, 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, p-xylylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), which Isomers of bis (4-
- Such diisocyanates are available commercially.
- the mixture of 80 mol% of 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and 20 mol% of 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene is suitable.
- the mixtures of aromatic isocyanates such as 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and / or 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene with aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate or IPDI are particularly advantageous, the preferred mixing ratio of the aliphatic to aromatic isocyanates being 4: 1 to 0.25: 1 is.
- polyurethanes can be used as compounds except the aforementioned also isocyanates, in addition to the free isocyanate groups further blocked isocyanate groups, eg. B. wear uretdione groups.
- isocyanates in addition to the free isocyanate groups further blocked isocyanate groups, eg. B. wear uretdione groups.
- wear uretdione groups With regard to good film formation and elasticity come as diols
- the diols (1 bi) are in particular polyester polyols, the z. B. from Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 4th Edition, Volume 19, page 62 to 65th
- polyesterpolyols which are obtained by reacting dihydric alcohols with dibasic carboxylic acids.
- the free polycarboxylic acids may also be the corresponding polycarboxylic anhydrides or corresponding polycarboxylic acid esters of lower alcohols or mixtures thereof used for the preparation of the polyester polyols.
- the polycarboxylic acids may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic and optionally, for. B. by halogen atoms, substituted and / or unsaturated.
- Examples of these are: suberic acid, azelaic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endomethylenetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acids.
- dicarboxylic acids of the general formula HOOC- (CH 2) y -COOH, where y is a number from 1 to 20, preferably an even number from 2 to 20, for example succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid and dodecanedicarboxylic acid.
- Suitable polyhydric alcohols are ethylene glycol, propane-1,2-diol, propane-1,3-diol, butane-1,3-diol, butene-1,4-diol, butyne-1,4-diol, pentane-1 , 5-diol, neopentyl glycol, bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexanes such as 1, 4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane, 2-methyl-propane-1, 3-diol, methylpentanediols, furthermore diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol , Dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol and polybutylene glycols into consideration.
- Alcohols of the general formula HO- (CH 2) x -OH are preferred, where x is a number from 1 to 20, preferably an even number from 2 to 20.
- examples of these are ethylene glycol, butane-1, 4-diol, hexane-1, 6-diol, octane-1, 8-diol and dodecane-1, 12-diol. Further preferred is neopentyl glycol.
- polycarbonate diols as they come z.
- polycarbonate diols by reacting phosgene with an excess of the mentioned as synthesis components for the polyester polyols low molecular weight alcohols, into consideration.
- lactone-based polyesterdiols which are homopolymers or copolymers of lactones, preferably terminal hydroxyl-containing addition products of lactones to suitable difunctional starter molecules.
- Preferred lactones are those which are derived from compounds of the general formula HO- (CH 2) Z -COOH, where z is a number from 1 to 20 and an H atom of a methylene unit is also denoted by a d- to C 4 - Alkyl radical may be substituted. Examples are ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -propiolactone, ⁇ -butyrolactone and / or methyl ⁇ -caprolactone and also mixtures thereof.
- Suitable starter components are for.
- polyester polyols low molecular weight dihydric alcohols.
- the corresponding polymers of ⁇ -caprolactone are particularly preferred.
- Lower polyester diols or polyether diols may also be used.
- nen be used as a starter for the production of Lactonpolymerisate.
- the polymers of lactones it is also possible to use the corresponding, chemically equivalent polycondensates of the hydroxycarboxylic acids corresponding to the lactones.
- polyether diols are by polymerization of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran, styrene oxide or epichlorohydrin with themselves, e.g. in the presence of BF3 or by addition of these compounds, optionally in admixture or sequentially, to starting components having reactive hydrogen atoms, such as alcohols or amines, e.g. Water, ethylene glycol, propane-1, 2-diol, propane-1, 3-diol, 1, 2-bis (4-hydroxydiphenyl) propane or aniline available. Particularly preferred is polytetrahydrofuran having a molecular weight of 240 to 5000, and especially 500 to 4500.
- mixtures of polyester diols and polyether diols can be used as monomers (1 bi).
- polyhydroxyolefins preferably those having 2 terminal hydroxyl groups, eg. B. ⁇ - ⁇ -Dihydroxypolybutadien, ⁇ - ⁇ -Dihydroxypolymethacrylester or ⁇ - ⁇ - Dihydroxypolyacrylester as monomers (1 ci).
- Such compounds are known, for example, from EP-A-622378.
- Further suitable polyols are polyacetals, polysiloxanes and alkyd resins. The polyols can also be used as mixtures in a ratio of 0.1: 1 to 9: 1.
- the monomers (1 b2) used are in particular the synthesis components of the short-chain alkanediols mentioned for the preparation of polyester polyols, diols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, unbranched diols having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and an even number of carbon atoms. Atoms and pentane-1, 5-diol and neopentyl glycol are preferred.
- the ratio of the diols (1 bi) to the monomers (1 b 2 ) is particularly preferably 0.1: 1 to 5: 1, particularly preferably 0.2: 1 to 2: 1.
- the polyurethanes in addition to the components (1 a), (1 b) and optionally (1 d) from the components (1 a), (1 b) and (1 d) different monomers ( 1 c) which carry at least one isocyanate group or at least one isocyanate-reactive group and moreover at least one hydrophilic group or a group which can be converted into a hydrophilic group.
- the term "hydrophilic groups or potentially hydrophilic groups” is abbreviated to "(potentially) hydrophilic groups”. The (potentially) hydrophilic groups react much more slowly with isocyanates than the functional groups of the monomers which serve to build up the polymer main chain.
- the proportion of components with (potentially) hydrophilic groups in the total amount of components (1 a), (1 b), (1 c), (1 d) and (1 e) is generally such that the molar amount of ( potentially) hydrophilic groups, based on the amount by weight of all monomers (1 a) to (1 e), 30 to 1000 mmol / kg, preferably 50 to 500 mmol / kg and particularly preferably 80 to 300 mmol / kg.
- cationic monomers (1c) especially monomers having tertiary amino groups are of particular practical importance, for example: tris- (hydroxyalkyl) -amines, N, N'-bis (hydroxyalkyl) -alkylamines, N-hydroxyalkyl-1 - dialkylamines, tris (aminoalkyl) amines, N, N'Bis (aminoalkyl) alkylamines, N-aminoalkyl-dialkylamines, wherein the alkyl radicals and alkanediyl moieties of these tertiary amines independently of one another consist of 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Furthermore, tertiary nitrogen atoms come
- polyethers preferably having two terminal hydroxyl groups, e.g. by amine alkynylation of two amine-containing hydrogen atoms, e.g. Methylamine, aniline or ⁇ , ⁇ '-dimethylhydrazine, in a conventional manner are accessible, into consideration.
- Such polyethers generally have a molecular weight between 500 and 6000 g / mol.
- tertiary amines are reacted either with acids, preferably strong mineral acids such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrohalic acids or strong organic acids, or by reaction with suitable quaternizing agents such as C 1 to C 6 alkyl halides or benzyl halides, e.g. Bromides or chlorides, in
- Suitable monomers with (potentially) anionic groups are usually aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids which carry at least one alcoholic hydroxyl group or at least one primary or secondary amino group. Preference is given to dihydroxyalkylcarboxylic acids, in particular having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, as are also described in US Pat. No. 3,412,054. Otherwise suitable are dihydroxyl compounds having a molecular weight above 500 to 10,000 g / mol with at least 2 carboxylate groups, which are known from DE-A-39 11 827.
- dihydroxyl compounds are obtainable by reacting dihydroxyl compounds with tetracarboxylic dianhydrides such as pyromellitic dianhydride or cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride in a molar ratio of 2: 1 to 1:05 in a polyaddition reaction.
- tetracarboxylic dianhydrides such as pyromellitic dianhydride or cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride in a molar ratio of 2: 1 to 1:05 in a polyaddition reaction.
- Suitable dihydroxyl compounds are, in particular, the monomers (1 b2) listed as chain extenders and the diols (1 bi).
- Suitable monomers (1c) with isocyanate-reactive amino groups are aminocarboxylic acids such as lysine, ⁇ -alanine or the adducts of aliphatic diprimary diamines mentioned in DE-A-20 34 479 to ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic or sulfonic acids , Particularly preferred are N- (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethanecarboxylic acid and N- (2-aminoethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid or the corresponding alkali metal salts, with Na as counterion being particularly preferred.
- the polyurethanes preferably contain 1 to 30, particularly preferably 4 to 25, mol%, based on the total amount of components (1 b) and (1 d), of a polyamine having at least 2 amino groups which are reactive toward isocyanates as monomers (1 d).
- Monomers (1 e) which are optionally used, are monoisocyanates, monoalcohols and monoprimers and -secondary amines. In general, their proportion is at most 10 mol%, based on the total molar amount of the monomers.
- These monofunctional compounds usually carry further functional groups such as olefinic groups or carbonyl groups and serve to introduce functional groups into the polyurethane which make it possible to disperse or crosslink or further polymer-analogous conversion of the polyurethane.
- Suitable for this purpose are monomers such as isopropenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI) and esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid such as hydroxyethyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
- TMI isopropenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylbenzyl isocyanate
- esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid such as hydroxyethyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate.
- the components (1 a) to (1 e) and their respective molar amounts are chosen such that the ratio A: B is 0.5: 1 to 2: 1, preferably 0.8: 1 to 1, 5: 1, more preferably 0.9: 1 to 1, 2: 1. Most preferably, the ratio A: B is as close as possible to 1: 1, in the
- the monomers used (1 a) to (1 e) carry on average usually 1, 5 to 2.5, preferably 1, 9 to 2.1, more preferably 2 isocyanate groups or functional groups which can react with isocyanates in an addition reaction .
- the polyaddition of the monomers 1 a), 1 b), 1 c) and optionally 1 d) and 1 e) for the preparation of the PUR dispersion takes place in the presence of a suitable catalyst.
- Suitable catalysts are tin compounds, for example dibutyltin dilaurate, furthermore tertiary amines, zinc, zirconium, copper, bismuth, titanium, molybdenum and cesium compounds.
- Preferred cesium compounds are cesium salts in which the following anions are used: F, Cr, CIO " , CI0 3 , CI0 4 , Br, J, J0 3 -, CN-, OCN-, N0 2 -, N0 3 -, HC0 3 C0 3 2 " , S 2" , SH-,
- cesium carboxylates in which the anion conforms to the formulas (C n H 2n - iO 2 ) " and (C n + i H 2n - 2 O 4 ) 2" where n is 1 to 20. Most notably
- Preferred cesium salts have as anions monocarboxylates of the general formula (C n H 2n - i0 2 ) _ , where n is the numbers 1 to 20. Particular mention should be made here of formate, acetate, propionate, hexanoate and 2-ethylhexanoate.
- the cesium salts are used in amounts of 0.01 to 10 mmol cesium salt per kg of solvent-free approach. They are preferred in amounts of 0.05 to
- the dispersions generally have a solids content of 10 to 75, preferably from 20 to 65 wt .-% and a viscosity of 10 to 500 m Pas (measured at a temperature of 20 ° C and a shear rate of 250 s -1 ).
- Such aqueous polyurethane dispersions are described, for example, in DE-A-101 61 156.
- the aqueous solution or dispersion of a precondensate of a thermosetting resin and a binder may optionally contain a surfactant.
- Suitable examples are nonionic, anionic and cationic surfactants and mixtures of at least one nonionic and at least one anionic surfactant, mixtures of at least one nonionic and at least one cationic surfactant, mixtures of several nonionic or of several cationic or of several anionic surfactants.
- the flexible, flat substrates according to the invention can be produced as follows:
- the flat substrates such as nonwovens (including so-called nonwovens), fabrics (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics, paper, cardboard and paperboard can first be treated with an aqueous Solution or dispersion of a precondensate of at least one thermosetting resin and a binder.
- the solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder can contain a hardener, but can also be used without a hardener.
- a method of making flexible sheet substrates having an abrasive surface may be carried out by subjecting an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one precondensate of a thermosetting resin and a binder to the top and / or bottom of a flexible sheet in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 90 wt .-%, based on the uncoated, dry substrate applies, then cross-linking the precondensate and the treated substrate is dried.
- the active substances and effect substances preferably dyes or pigments or unencapsulated or (micro) encapsulated fragrances
- the finished aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder before they are applied to the flat substrate, preferably paper, cardboard, Cardboard, fabric (including so-called Tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called non-wovens) is applied.
- the active substances and effect substances preferably dyes or pigments or unencapsulated or (micro) encapsulated fragrances
- the planar substrate preferably Paper, cardboard, cardboard, tissue (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called nonwovens).
- the active substances and effect substances preferably dyes or pigments or unencapsulated or (micro) encapsulated fragrances
- the sheet substrate preferably paper, cardboard, cardboard, tissue (including so-called Tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwovens (including so-called non-wovens) applied.
- the active substances and effect substances mentioned preferably the (micro) encapsulated active substances and effect substances, more preferably the (micro) encapsulated volatile active substances and effect substances such as fragrances and / or water-insoluble active and effect substances such as waxes or silicones mechanical stress, such as scrubbing, wiping or other cleaning, the flexible, sheet-like substrates according to the invention partially or completely released.
- the active substances and effect substances mentioned preferably the (micro) encapsulated active substances and effect substances, more preferably the (micro) encapsulated volatile active substances and effect substances such as fragrances and / or water-insoluble active and effect substances such as waxes or silicones mechanical stress, such as scrubbing, wiping or other cleaning, the flexible, sheet-like substrates according to the invention partially or completely released.
- a certain theological behavior or a certain viscosity of the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and of the binder is advantageous.
- the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and binder should be fluid enough to spread easily on the substrate, but not so fluid that it will quickly penetrate or be drawn into the deeper layers of the substrate upon spreading.
- the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder on the corresponding resin applicators, for example pressure rollers, doctor blades or screens, to ensure uniform transfer of the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder to the substrate, for example, paper, cardboard, cardboard, tissue (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwoven (including so-called non-wovens) to ensure.
- the substrate for example, paper, cardboard, cardboard, tissue (including so-called tissues), knitted fabrics and nonwoven (including so-called non-wovens) to ensure.
- a suitable viscosity of the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder so that when applying the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate with the spray method, the droplet size of the precondensate is minimized, the drops do not clog the spray nozzle and evenly on distribute the substrate.
- the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder therefore contains a polymeric thickener in the range of 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, based on the aqueous solution or dispersion of Precondensates and the binder.
- the solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder (hereinafter also referred to as "preparation solution”) can be applied either over the entire surface or in the form of a pattern to the substrate.
- the viscosity of the preparation solution ie the aqueous solution or dispersion of the precondensate and the binder with or without hardener, is usually adjusted by adding the thickeners according to the invention and then applied to the substrate and only then cured.
- the preparation solution according to the invention is preferably applied in the unfoamed state to the respectively suitable substrate. It may, for example, by spraying, knife coating, rolling, printing, inter alia by screen printing, or by means of suitable other technical devices known to the skilled person, such as.
- a size press a film press, an air brush, an aggregate for curtain coating, are applied to the flat surface.
- non-contact methods or methods are applied with the least possible pressure on the planar substrate in order to reduce the displacement of the resin into the substrate. The job can be done on one side or on both sides, either simultaneously or one after the other.
- the amount of curable resin which is applied to the flat substrate with the aid of the preparation solution is, for example, 0.1 to 90% by weight, preferably 0.25 to 75% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 50% by weight. %, based on the basis weight of the uncoated, dry sheet substrate.
- the distribution of the preparation solution or of the cured resin on the substrate has a considerable influence on the flexibility of the products according to the invention.
- the preparation solution can be applied unevenly to the substrate, covering, for example, the substrate over the entire area, but not uniformly distributed thereon.
- Another variation consists of printing the preparation solution on the flat substrate according to the pattern.
- particularly flexible products are obtained by printing the preparation solution in the form of parallel strips or punctiform on the substrate.
- thermosetting resin and the binder After applying the preparation solution to the sheet underlayer, crosslinking of the thermosetting resin and the binder and drying of the sheet substrates provided with a precondensate of a thermosetting resin and the binder are carried out, wherein crosslinking and drying may be simultaneous or sequential.
- An advantageous embodiment consists in crosslinking the thermosetting resin and the binder in a moist atmosphere and then drying the product.
- the thermal curing of the resins and the drying of the products can take place, for example, in the temperature range from 20 to 250.degree. C., preferably from 20 to 200.degree. C., particularly preferably from 20 to 150.degree.
- the drying step can also be carried out, for example, in gas dryers or in IR tumblers.
- the product of the invention can be tempered after drying at temperatures up to 300 ° C. Even temperatures above 300 ° C can be used for curing the resin, but then the required residence times are very short.
- Glues and resins which are respectively sold as an aqueous binder or powders based on condensates of urea, melamine and formaldehyde as Kauramin ® and Kaurit ® from BASF SE, is used in the furniture and building industry for the production of plate-shaped wood materials such as Chipboard, plywood and shuttering panels, cf. Technical Information Kaurit ® .
- Impregnated impregnated papers have a hard surface. Such Products are found, for example, in surfaces of laminate flooring or in the decoration of furniture, cf. Technical Information Kauramin ® .
- the substrates according to the invention When wiping surfaces of glass, metal or plastic, the substrates according to the invention exhibit a scouring effect which is desired for the cleaning of these surfaces.
- the abrasive effect is much lower than that of emery paper, so that the substrates of the invention are suitable for all those applications in which only a small abrasive effect is desired for the removal of dirt, so that the surface of the substrates according to the invention wiped materials is practically not damaged or scratched.
- the products according to the invention are preferably used as disposable items, but may also be used several times, depending on the particular application.
- a 50% strength aqueous solution was prepared from a melamine-formaldehyde precondensate (Kaurit® 820 impregnation system from BASF SE) by mixing 91 g of demineralized water with 109 g of impregnating system solution and 1.7 g of guar gum. To 45 g of this solution was added 2.2 g of ammonium nitrate (50%) and mixed thoroughly to a homogeneous solution.
- Kaurit® 820 impregnation system from BASF SE
- the coated papers obtained according to the examples were tested for brittleness at the coated sites and compared both to the prior art and to uncoated samples.
- a square pattern was selected in the manufacture of the coated papers according to the examples and this pattern printed. These are alternately printed and non-printed squares with an edge length of 7 mm.
- the brittleness of the examples was evaluated on the printed squares.
- the coated papers obtained according to the Examples were tested for their suitability as wipes and compared to commercial, uncoated papers.
- the sample to be tested was fixed in each case on one side of a square punch with a side length of 21 mm and a weight of 460 g with the aid of an adhesive.
- a glass plate was attached on a shaking machine (Crock meter) a glass plate was attached.
- Several strips were then drawn on the glass plate with a permanent marker (Permanent Marker Edding 3000).
- the square punch was placed on this surface, with the side of the stamp, which was stuck to the sample to be tested, each resting on glass plate.
- the area of the plate to be cleaned was moistened with 0.5 ml of completely demineralized water.
- the coated papers obtained according to the examples were tested for their property of scratching surfaces and compared with commercial uncoated papers.
- the sample to be tested was fixed in each case on one side of a square punch with a side length of 21 mm and a weight of 460 g with the aid of an adhesive.
- a shaking machine Crock-Meter
- a Plexiglas® plate was attached. The shaker worked with 20 double strokes / min with a horizontal deflection of the plate of 5 cm. Twenty strokes (10 double strokes) were done in the dry.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/780,291 US20160051112A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | Flexible flat substrates having an abrasive surface |
CA2907518A CA2907518A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | Flexible flat substrates having an abrasive surface |
EA201591873A EA201591873A1 (ru) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | Эластичные, плоские субстраты с абразивной поверхностью |
CN201480018169.8A CN105121727A (zh) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | 具有研磨表面的挠性平基材 |
BR112015020978A BR112015020978A2 (pt) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | substratos plano flexíveis com uma superfície abrasiva flexível, uso dos substratos plano flexíveis e processo para produção de substratos plano flexíveis com uma superfície abrasiva |
EP14710889.8A EP2978887A1 (de) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche |
KR1020157031041A KR20150125738A (ko) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | 연마 표면을 갖는 가요성 평면 기재 |
JP2016504566A JP2016514772A (ja) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | 研磨面を有するフレキシブルで平らな基材 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP13161529.6 | 2013-03-28 | ||
EP13161529 | 2013-03-28 |
Publications (1)
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WO2014154527A1 true WO2014154527A1 (de) | 2014-10-02 |
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PCT/EP2014/055388 WO2014154527A1 (de) | 2013-03-28 | 2014-03-18 | Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20160051112A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2978887A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2016514772A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20150125738A (de) |
CN (1) | CN105121727A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112015020978A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2907518A1 (de) |
EA (1) | EA201591873A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2014154527A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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PL3230027T3 (pl) | 2014-12-09 | 2019-08-30 | Basf Se | Sposób wytwarzania wielowarstwowych tworzyw lignocelulozowych mających rdzeń i co najmniej jedną górną i jedną dolną warstwę wierzchnią oraz specjalne właściwości rdzenia |
PT3231596T (pt) * | 2016-04-12 | 2019-01-17 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Material de suporte com camada de resina modificada e preparação do mesmo |
WO2018217523A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Cleaning article with decorative particles |
CN107662164B (zh) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-01-10 | 苏州远东砂轮有限公司 | 一种用于超耐磨锆刚玉砂带的布基及其制备方法 |
CN108978237B (zh) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-12-29 | 东华大学 | 一种单面纬平针织物防卷边整理工艺 |
US11866575B2 (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2024-01-09 | Sanjay Daya Kalra, JR. | Biodegradable polymer |
CN117344578B (zh) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-05-17 | 广州市景企装饰材料有限公司 | 一种三聚氰胺浸渍纸的制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1536549A (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1978-12-20 | Billingsfors Bruks Ab | Process for the preparation of an impregnated and surface-finished foil |
US6713156B1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-03-30 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Polymer-treated abrasive substrate |
WO2008090136A2 (de) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Basf Se | Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche |
WO2010010046A1 (de) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Basf Se | Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche |
-
2014
- 2014-03-18 CN CN201480018169.8A patent/CN105121727A/zh active Pending
- 2014-03-18 JP JP2016504566A patent/JP2016514772A/ja active Pending
- 2014-03-18 US US14/780,291 patent/US20160051112A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-18 EA EA201591873A patent/EA201591873A1/ru unknown
- 2014-03-18 EP EP14710889.8A patent/EP2978887A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-03-18 BR BR112015020978A patent/BR112015020978A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-03-18 KR KR1020157031041A patent/KR20150125738A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-03-18 CA CA2907518A patent/CA2907518A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-03-18 WO PCT/EP2014/055388 patent/WO2014154527A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1536549A (en) * | 1974-11-20 | 1978-12-20 | Billingsfors Bruks Ab | Process for the preparation of an impregnated and surface-finished foil |
US6713156B1 (en) * | 2003-05-05 | 2004-03-30 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Polymer-treated abrasive substrate |
WO2008090136A2 (de) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Basf Se | Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche |
WO2010010046A1 (de) * | 2008-07-24 | 2010-01-28 | Basf Se | Flexible, flächige substrate mit einer abrasiven oberfläche |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN105121727A (zh) | 2015-12-02 |
EP2978887A1 (de) | 2016-02-03 |
US20160051112A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
JP2016514772A (ja) | 2016-05-23 |
KR20150125738A (ko) | 2015-11-09 |
BR112015020978A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
CA2907518A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
EA201591873A1 (ru) | 2016-04-29 |
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