WO2014148100A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014148100A1 WO2014148100A1 PCT/JP2014/051377 JP2014051377W WO2014148100A1 WO 2014148100 A1 WO2014148100 A1 WO 2014148100A1 JP 2014051377 W JP2014051377 W JP 2014051377W WO 2014148100 A1 WO2014148100 A1 WO 2014148100A1
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- cell
- switching element
- bypass circuit
- circuit
- power converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/4835—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels comprising two or more cells, each including a switchable capacitor, the capacitors having a nominal charge voltage which corresponds to a given fraction of the input voltage, and the capacitors being selectively connected in series to determine the instantaneous output voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/0077—Plural converter units whose outputs are connected in series
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device in which a plurality of cell converters are connected in cascade, and particularly to a technique for bypassing the cell converter in the event of an abnormality of the cell converter and a DC short-circuit accident.
- Modular multilevel converter (hereinafter referred to as MMC) is the output of a cell converter composed of switching elements such as IGBTs (Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors) and DC capacitors that can be controlled on and off.
- IGBTs Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors
- DC capacitors that can be controlled on and off.
- This is a circuit system that can output a voltage that exceeds the breakdown voltage of the switching element by connecting the terminals in series, and is expected to be applied to a DC power transmission system, a reactive power compensator, and the like.
- a plurality of cell converters are connected in cascade (series), and each cell converter is connected to the outside through two terminals, and the voltage between the two terminals is controlled to the voltage of the DC capacitor or zero.
- a basic configuration of the MMC is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1).
- a configuration is disclosed in which a bypass circuit that short-circuits the output of the cell converter is provided in order to continue the operation of the MMC when the cell converter fails (for example, Patent Document 2).
- the bypass circuit is a switch that short-circuits the output of the cell converter when the cell converter fails, and the output of the abnormal cell converter is short-circuited by the bypass circuit, so that the system operates even if the cell converter fails. Can continue.
- a semiconductor protection means for protecting from a short circuit circulating current when a DC short circuit accident occurs is disclosed as a bypass circuit (for example, Patent Document 3).
- the bypass circuit is a semiconductor element that allows a short-circuit current to flow instead of a freewheel diode connected in reverse parallel to the switching element in the event of a DC short-circuit accident, and has a sufficient current capacity for the short-circuit current.
- the cell converter can be protected from short circuit circulating current.
- a bypass circuit is connected to each cell converter.
- the bypass circuit needs to withstand a short-circuit inrush current when a cell converter failure occurs and continue operation. Further, when a DC short-circuit accident occurs, it is necessary to withstand the short-circuit circulating current and protect the cell converter. For this reason, the bypass circuit requires high current resistance characteristics and excellent explosion-proof withstand capability, and the bypass circuit is very expensive, raising the cost of the entire power converter.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a power conversion device including a bypass circuit that does not significantly increase the cost.
- the power conversion device includes a cell block in which a plurality of cell converters each composed of a switching element and a capacitor are cascade-connected, and the cell block has two external connection terminals for cascade connection with other cell blocks.
- the plurality of cell blocks are cascade-connected, and a bypass circuit is connected to two external connection terminals of the cell block.
- the power conversion device since the power conversion device according to the present invention is configured as described above, the power conversion device includes a low-cost and simple configuration bypass circuit, and can continue operation even if the cell converter fails, and a DC short circuit.
- the cell converter can be protected in the event of an accident.
- Embodiment 1 FIG.
- a cell converter composed of a plurality of cascade-connected switching elements and capacitors is used as one cell block, and the cell block has two external connection terminals for cascade connection with other cell blocks.
- a power conversion device configured to connect a bypass circuit to an external connection terminal.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the bypass circuit
- an operation explanatory diagram of the bypass circuit This will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a power conversion device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the power conversion apparatus 1 is composed of three cascaded cell blocks 30a, 30b, and 30c (collectively referred to as cell blocks 30), and each cell block is cascaded.
- the cell converters 10a and 10b having the same configuration (referred to as the cell converter 10 when collectively referred to).
- a bypass circuit 20 is connected to the external connection terminals of the cell blocks 30a, 30b, and 30c.
- the main circuit of the cell converter 10a is a chopper circuit including a first switching element 11a, a second switching element 11b, and a capacitor 13.
- a first free wheel diode 12a is connected in antiparallel to the first switching element 11a
- a second free wheel diode 12b is connected in antiparallel to the second switching element 11b.
- the switching elements in the present invention are the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b.
- the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b are collectively referred to as the switching element 11.
- the first free wheel diode 12a and the second free wheel diode 12b are collectively referred to as a free wheel diode 12.
- connection point between the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b connected in series and the connection point between the second switching element 11b and the capacitor 13 are cascaded with other cell converters. It becomes two output terminals X11a and X12a for connection.
- two output terminals for cascading with other cell converters are X11b and X12b.
- the gate drive circuit 14 is connected to the gate terminals of the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b, and outputs a signal for turning on and off the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b. To do.
- the driving power of the gate driving circuit 14 is supplied from a self-feeding circuit 15 described later. That is, the driving power for controlling the switching element 11 is supplied from the self-feeding circuit 15.
- the self-feeding circuit 15 takes in the high voltage accumulated by increasing the voltage due to the current flowing through the capacitor 13 from both ends of the capacitor 13.
- a DC-DC voltage conversion circuit (not shown) in the self-feeding circuit 15 converts the voltage value to be suitable for driving the gate drive circuit 14.
- the self-feeding circuit 15 supplies the output to the gate driving circuit 14 through the first feeding line 16.
- the cell block 30a includes two cell converters 10a and 10b connected in cascade, and includes X31a and X32a as external connection terminals for cascade connection of other cell blocks.
- the cell blocks 30b and 30c include X31b and X32b and X31c and X32c (not shown) as external connection terminals, respectively.
- the external connection terminals of the cell block are collectively referred to as external connection terminals X31 and X32.
- the output terminal X12a of the cell converter 10a and the output terminal X11b of the cell converter 10b are connected using a power line.
- the external connection terminal X31a of the cell block 30a is connected to the output terminal X11a of the cell converter 10a using a power line.
- the external connection terminal X32a of the cell block 30a is connected to the output terminal X12b of the cell converter 10b using a power line.
- the external connection terminal X31a of the cell block 30a is connected to the external connection terminal X32b of the cell block 30b using a power line, and the external connection terminal X32a of the cell block 30a is connected to the external connection terminal X31c of the cell block 30c using a power line.
- the bypass circuit 20 is connected between the external connection terminals X31a and X32a of the cell block 30a.
- the bypass circuit 20 in the abnormal cell block quickly performs a closing operation. For this reason, the external connection terminals X31a and X32a of the abnormal cell block are short-circuited, and the abnormal cell block can be bypassed.
- bypass circuits 20 in all the cell blocks perform the closing operation quickly, so that the external connection terminals X31 and X32 of all the cell blocks are short-circuited, and the short-circuit circulation current is reduced to all the cell blocks. Can be bypassed.
- the bypass circuit 20 is connected between the external connection terminals X31 and X32 of the cell block 30, that is, between the output terminal X11a of the cascaded cell converter 10a and the output terminal X12b of the cell converter 10b. For this reason, a withstand voltage twice that required when connecting between the output terminals X11a and X12a of the cell converter 10a and between the output terminals X11b and X12b of the cell converter 10b is required. However, the number of bypass circuits is halved, which is advantageous in terms of cost and size.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific circuit of the bypass circuit.
- the vacuum switch 21 shown in FIG. 2A capable of bidirectional flow and the bidirectional switching element 22a shown in FIG. , 22b is used to promptly close the circuit.
- a closing operation is quickly performed using the diode 23 in FIG. 2C capable of flowing in the reverse direction with respect to the second switching element 11b or the switching element 24 in FIG. .
- a plurality of diodes 23a to 23n may be connected in series as shown in FIG.
- a plurality of bypass circuits in which the bypass circuits 20 are connected in series are combined into one bypass circuit.
- the external connection terminals X31a and X32a may be connected. For example, by adding a plurality of bypass circuits 20 shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (e) in series to increase the withstand voltage capacity of the entire bypass circuit, the number of cell converters in the cell block is added. can do.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B are circuits for bypassing the second switching element 11b when the cell converter fails, and it is necessary for current to flow in both directions. Bypass operation until the cell converter is replaced with a normal one.
- FIGS. 3C and 3D are bypass circuits that reduce the duty of the freewheeling diode 12b of the second switching element 11b when a DC short-circuit accident occurs (short time within 1 second). If a short-circuit circulation current flows only in the free wheel diode 12b of the second switching element 11b when a DC short-circuit accident occurs, the free wheel diode portion is damaged. For this reason, the duty of the freewheeling diode 12b is reduced by supplying a current to the bypass circuit by turning on the bypass circuit.
- the failure of the cell converter and the occurrence of a DC short-circuit accident can be detected by measuring and monitoring the voltage and current of each part of the power converter 1.
- the power converter 1 is selected by selecting an appropriate backup circuit according to the accident, the type of failure and the situation, and bypassing the corresponding cell block. Continuation of operation, or cell converter can be protected.
- a cell block is configured by a plurality of cell converters that have a maximum voltage across the bypass circuit withstand voltage capability. You may do it. By doing so, it becomes more advantageous in terms of cost and size.
- the plurality of bypass circuits connected in series can be handled as one bypass circuit.
- the power conversion device As described above, in the power conversion device according to the first embodiment, a cell converter composed of a plurality of cascade-connected switching elements and capacitors is used as one cell block, and the cell block is connected to other cell blocks. Two external connection terminals for cascade connection are provided, and a bypass circuit is connected to the external connection terminals. For this reason, the power conversion device according to the first embodiment includes a low-cost and simple bypass circuit, and can continue operation even if the cell converter fails. It can be protected and the device can be miniaturized.
- FIG. The power conversion device is configured to supply the drive power of the block means and the gate drive circuit from the self-feed circuits of a plurality of cell converters.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device 100, focusing on differences from the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.
- the overall configuration of the power conversion device 100 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the power conversion device 1 of the first embodiment.
- the power conversion apparatus 100 includes three cascaded cell blocks 30a, 30b, and 30c. Each cell block is composed of two cascaded cell converters 10a and 10b.
- the bypass circuit 20 is connected to the external connection terminals of the cell blocks 30a, 30b, and 30c.
- the first switching element 11a, the second switching element 11b, the first freewheel diode 12a, the second freewheel diode 12b, the capacitor 13, the first feeder line 16 and the bypass circuit 20 are implemented. It is the same as Form 1.
- the gate drive circuit 14 is connected to the gate terminals of the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b, and outputs a signal for turning on and off the first switching element 11a and the second switching element 11b. To do.
- the driving power of the gate drive circuit 14 is supplied from the self-feed circuit 15 of both the cell converter 10a and the cell converter 10b in the cell block 30a.
- the part of ⁇ in FIG. 4 is abutted by using, for example, a diode to prevent the backflow of current.
- the self-feeding circuit 15 takes in the high voltage accumulated by increasing the voltage due to the current flowing through the capacitor 13 from both ends of the capacitor 13.
- a DC-DC voltage conversion circuit (not shown) inside the self-feed circuit 15 converts the voltage value to be suitable for driving the gate drive circuit 14.
- the self-feeding circuit 15 supplies the first output to the gate driving circuit 14 of its own cell converter through the first feeding line 16.
- the self-feeding circuit 15 supplies the second output to the gate drive circuit 14 of another cell converter in the same cell block via the second feeding line 17.
- the bypass circuit 20 receives driving power from the self-feed circuits 15 of both the cell converters 10a and 10b when driving power is required.
- the second power supply line 17 is supplied to the gate drive circuit 14 of another cell converter by passing through an insulation input / output circuit 18 having a dielectric strength greater than or equal to the potential difference between the cell converters that exchange power. It becomes possible.
- the insulating input / output circuit 18 for example, a circuit in which a DC / AC converter, an insulating transformer, and an AC / DC converter are combined can be used.
- the self-feed circuit 15 of any of the cell converters 10a and 10b in the cell block 30a fails, the self-feed circuit 15 of the other cell converter is operating normally. Then, the bypass circuit 20 of the cell block 30a can be operated. Since the reliability of the drive power of the gate drive circuit 14 of the cell converter 10 can also be improved, the power converter 100 can continue the operation of the system more stably.
- the power conversion device 100 is configured to further supply the drive power of the block means and the gate drive circuit from the self-feed circuits of a plurality of cell converters. For this reason, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the reliability of the drive power of the bypass circuit and the gate drive circuit of the cell converter can be improved, and the operation of the system can be continued more stably.
- the switching element and the free wheel diode are formed of silicon, but may be formed of a wide band gap semiconductor having a larger band gap than silicon.
- the wide band gap semiconductor include silicon carbide, a gallium nitride-based material, and diamond.
- the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor element can be increased, so that the number of cell converters in series in the entire system can be reduced.
- the number of cell converters constituting a cell block can be increased in series with the increase in breakdown voltage of the bypass circuit.
- the number of blocks can be reduced, that is, the number of bypass circuits can be further reduced.
- semiconductor switching can be speeded up, it is possible to obtain an input current and output voltage with smaller harmonic components.
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device configured by a cell converter, and can be widely applied to a DC power transmission system, a reactive power compensation device, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
セル変換器が故障した時、MMCの運転を継続するために、セル変換器の出力を短絡するバイパス回路を設ける構成が開示されている(例えば、特許文献2)。バイパス回路は、セル変換器が故障した場合、セル変換器の出力を短絡するスイッチであり、バイパス回路によって異常セル変換器の出力は短絡されるため、セル変換器が故障してもシステムとして運転継続させることができる。
直流短絡事故発生時に、短絡循環電流から保護する半導体保護手段が、バイパス回路として開示されている(例えば、特許文献3)。バイパス回路は、直流短絡事故時に、スイッチング素子の逆並列に接続されたフリーホイールダイオードの代わりに短絡循環電流を流す半導体素子であり、短絡循環電流に対して十分な電流容量を有するものにすれば、セル変換器を短絡循環電流から保護することができる。
実施の形態1は、カスケード接続された複数台のスイッチング素子とコンデンサから構成されたセル変換器を1台のセルブロックとし、セルブロックは他のセルブロックとカスケード接続するための2つの外部接続端子を備え、外部接続端子にバイパス回路を接続する構成とした電力変換装置に関するものである。
まず電力変換装置1の全体構成を説明する。図1において、電力変換装置1はカスケード接続された3台の同じ構成のセルブロック30a、30b、30c(総称する場合は、セルブロック30と記載する)から構成され、各セルブロックはカスケード接続された2台の同じ構成のセル変換器10a、10b(総称する場合は、セル変換器10と記載する)から構成される。各セルブロック30a、30b、30cの外部接続端子には、バイパス回路20が接続されている。
なお、本発明におけるスイッチング素子は、第1のスイッチング素子11aおよび第2のスイッチング素子11bである。
以下、第1のスイッチング素子11aと第2のスイッチング素子11bを総称する場合は、スイッチング素子11と記載する。第1のフリーホイールダイオード12aと第2のフリーホイールダイオード12bを総称する場合は、フリーホイールダイオード12と記載する。
なお、セル変換器10bでは、他のセル変換器とカスケード接続するための2つの出力端子はX11b、X12bとしている。
セル変換器10aの出力端子X12aとセル変換器10bの出力端子X11bとは電力線を用いて接続されている。セルブロック30aの外部接続端子X31aは、セル変換器10aの出力端子X11aと電力線を用いて接続されている。また、セルブロック30aの外部接続端子X32aは、セル変換器10bの出力端子X12bと電力線を用いて接続されている。
セルブロック30aの外部接続端子X31aは、セルブロック30bの外部接続端子X32bと電力線を用いて接続され、セルブロック30aの外部接続端子X32aは、セルブロック30cの外部接続端子X31cと電力線を用いて接続されている。
バイパス回路20は、セルブロック30aの外部接続端子X31aとX32aの間に接続される。
セルブロック30a~30cの何れかの故障発生時には、異常セルブロック内のバイパス回路20が速やかに閉路動作を行う。このため、異常セルブロックの外部接続端子X31aとX32aの間が短絡され、異常セルブロックをバイパスすることができる。
セルブロック30a~30cの何れかのセル変換器10a、10bの故障発生時には、双方向に通流可能な図2(a)の真空スイッチ21や、図2(b)の双方向のスイッチング素子22a、22bを用いて速やかに閉路動作を行う。
直流短絡事故発生時には、第2のスイッチング素子11bに対して逆方向に通流可能な図2(c)のダイオード23や、図2(d)のスイッチング素子24を用いて速やかに閉路動作を行う。また、図2(e)のようにダイオード23a~23nを複数個直列接続してもよい。
なお、バイパス回路20の耐圧能力を超える最大両端電圧になる複数台のセル変換器10でセルブロック30を構成したい場合には、バイパス回路20を直列に接続した複数のバイパス回路を一つのバイパス回路として外部接続端子X31aとX32aの間に接続しても良い。例えば、図2(a)~図2(e)で示したバイパス回路20を複数個直列に接続してバイパス回路全体の耐圧能力を高くすることで、セルブロック内のセル変換器の台数を追加することができる。
図3(a)と(b)は、セル変換器が故障した場合に、第2のスイッチング素子11bをバイパスさせる回路であり、双方向に電流が流れる必要がある。セル変換器を正常品に交換するまでバイパス動作させる。
図3(c)と(d)は、直流短絡事故発生時(1秒以内の短時間)に第2のスイッチング素子11bのフリーホイールダイオード12bの責務を軽減するバイパス回路である。直流短絡事故発生時に、第2のスイッチング素子11bのフリーホイールダイオード12bのみに短絡循環電流が流れると、フリーホイールダイオード部が破損してしまう。このため、バイパス回路を投入してバイパス回路にも電流を流すことで、フリーホイールダイオード12bの責務を軽減する。
また、バイパス回路の耐圧能力を超える最大両端電圧になる複数台のセル変換器でセルブロックを構成したい場合には、直列に接続した複数のバイパス回路を一つのバイパス回路とすることで対応できる。
実施の形態2の電力変換装置は、ブロック手段とゲート駆動回路の駆動電力を複数のセル変換器の自己給電回路から供給する構成としたものである。
なお、図4において、図1と同一あるいは相当部分には、同一の符号を付している。
ゲート駆動回路14の駆動電力は、セルブロック30a内部のセル変換器10aとセル変換器10bの両方の自己給電回路15から供給されている。
なお、図4の▼の箇所は、例えば、ダイオードを使用して突き合わせて、電流の逆流を防止している。
第2の給電線17は、電力の授受をするセル変換器同士の電位差以上の絶縁耐量を持つ絶縁入出力回路18を経由することで、他のセル変換器のゲート駆動回路14への供給が可能になる。
絶縁入出力回路18としては、例えば、直流/交流変換器、絶縁トランスおよび交流/直流変換器とを組み合わせた回路を使用することができる。
ワイドバンドギャップ半導体を使用すると、半導体素子の高耐圧化が可能なため、システム全体におけるセル変換器の直列台数を低減できる。また、バイパス回路の双方向スイッチング素子や逆方向ダイオードや逆方向スイッチング素子に使用することで、バイパス回路の高耐圧化に伴いセルブロックを構成するセル変換器の直列台数を増やすことが出来るのでセルブロック台数を低減つまりバイパス回路の台数を更に低減できる。さらには、半導体スイッチングの高速化が可能なため、高調波成分がより小さい入力電流や出力電圧を得ることが可能である。
Claims (19)
- スイッチング素子とコンデンサから構成されたセル変換器を複数台カスケード接続したセルブロックを備え、
前記セルブロックは他のセルブロックとカスケード接続するための2つの外部接続端子を備え、
前記セルブロックは複数台カスケード接続され、
バイパス回路を前記セルブロックの前記2つの外部接続端子に接続した電力変換装置。 - 前記セルブロックの前記セル変換器の台数に応じて、複数台の前記バイパス回路をカスケード接続し、前記複数台のバイパス回路を前記セルブロックの前記2つの外部接続端子に接続した請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路の駆動電力と、前記セル変換器の前記スイッチング素子を制御する駆動電力は、前記セルブロックの複数台の前記セル変換器の自己給電回路から供給される請求項1または請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は真空スイッチである請求項1または請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は双方向のスイッチング素子である請求項1または請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は前記セル変換器の前記スイッチング素子に対して逆方向のダイオードである請求項1または請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は前記セル変換器の前記スイッチング素子に対して逆方向のスイッチング素子である請求項1または請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は真空スイッチである請求項3に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は双方向のスイッチング素子である請求項3に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は前記セル変換器の前記スイッチング素子に対して逆方向のダイオードである請求項3に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路は前記セル変換器の前記スイッチング素子に対して逆方向のスイッチング素子である請求項3に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記セル変換器の前記スイッチング素子は、珪素に比べてバンドギャップが大きいワイドバンドギャップ半導体により形成されている請求項1または請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路の前記スイッチング素子は、珪素に比べてバンドギャップが大きいワイドバンドギャップ半導体により形成されている請求項5に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路の前記スイッチング素子は、珪素に比べてバンドギャップが大きいワイドバンドギャップ半導体により形成されている請求項7に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記バイパス回路の前記ダイオードは、珪素に比べてバンドギャップが大きいワイドバンドギャップ半導体により形成されている請求項6に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素、窒化ガリウム系材料またはダイヤモンドである請求項12に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素、窒化ガリウム系材料またはダイヤモンドである請求項13に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素、窒化ガリウム系材料またはダイヤモンドである請求項14に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化珪素、窒化ガリウム系材料またはダイヤモンドである請求項15に記載の電力変換装置。
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US14/776,997 US20160036314A1 (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2014-01-23 | Power conversion apparatus |
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JP6009651B2 (ja) | 2016-10-19 |
JPWO2014148100A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
US20160036314A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
EP2978114B1 (en) | 2018-11-28 |
EP2978114A4 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
EP2978114A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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