WO2014133033A1 - 防音構造 - Google Patents
防音構造 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014133033A1 WO2014133033A1 PCT/JP2014/054743 JP2014054743W WO2014133033A1 WO 2014133033 A1 WO2014133033 A1 WO 2014133033A1 JP 2014054743 W JP2014054743 W JP 2014054743W WO 2014133033 A1 WO2014133033 A1 WO 2014133033A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hole
- panel
- reinforcing material
- soundproof
- soundproof structure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60N3/00—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for
- B60N3/04—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets
- B60N3/048—Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for of floor mats or carpets characterised by their structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
- G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a soundproof structure.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional soundproof structure, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1.
- the automobile floor carpet described in Patent Document 1 is obtained by press-molding a mat-like material.
- Patent Document 2 As another soundproof structure, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 2.
- the automobile floor carpet described in Patent Document 2 is a laminate of a plurality of buffer materials having different densities and materials.
- the sound insulation is determined by the weight of the soundproof material. Therefore, in order to obtain a high sound insulation, a heavy soundproof material must be used, so that the total weight of the soundproof structure increases. In order to improve sound insulation, it is necessary to use a soundproof material made of a material having low air permeability. However, when a soundproof material with low air permeability is used, the soundproof structure has low sound absorption. Thereby, the silence obtained by the soundproof structure may be reduced.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a soundproof structure capable of suppressing an increase in the total weight of the soundproof structure and ensuring sound absorption and sound insulation.
- the present invention has a soundproof structure.
- the soundproof structure includes a panel, a soundproof material laminated to the panel, a reinforcing material provided between the panel and the soundproofing material, and joined to the panel, and the panel and the reinforcing material. And an air layer formed between the two.
- the reinforcing material has a large number of through holes.
- an increase in the total weight of the soundproof structure can be suppressed, and sound absorption and sound insulation can be secured.
- FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the panel 2 and the reinforcing material 4 in FIG. 1. It is a graph which shows the relationship between 1/3 octave center frequency and normal incidence sound absorption coefficient. It is a graph which shows the relationship between 1/3 octave center frequency and sound insulation performance.
- the soundproof structure 1 is for sound absorption and sound insulation.
- the soundproof structure 1 is provided, for example, in an automobile (may be provided other than the automobile).
- the soundproof structure 1 partitions the vehicle interior from the vehicle exterior.
- the soundproof structure 1 is provided, for example, on a floor portion that partitions the exterior of the automobile and the passenger compartment. Further, for example, the soundproof structure 1 may be provided in a dash panel section that partitions the engine room and the vehicle interior.
- the soundproof structure 1 includes a panel 2, a soundproof material 3, and a reinforcing material 4.
- the panel 2 is a plate-like member.
- the soundproof material 3 is laminated on the panel 2.
- the soundproof material 3 is disposed closer to the vehicle compartment than the panel 2.
- the soundproofing material 3 may be arranged (stacked on the panel 2) on the outside of the vehicle cabin in addition to the vehicle cabin side of the panel 2.
- the soundproof material 3 is attached to the panel 2. There may be a gap between the soundproofing material 3 and the panel 2.
- the material of the soundproofing material 3 is a fiber material or a composite material.
- the fiber material is, for example, felt or glass wool.
- the composite material is obtained by polymerizing a skin material (PVC sheet, EVA sheet, EPDM sheet, etc.) on the surface of a foamed foam material such as foamed urethane foam.
- the reinforcing material 4 is for reinforcing the panel 2.
- the reinforcing material 4 is disposed between the panel 2 and the soundproofing material 3.
- the reinforcing material 4 is joined to the panel 2. This joining is, for example, by welding.
- a closed or almost closed air layer S is formed between the reinforcing member 4 and the panel 2 (except for a through hole 5 described later). That is, the reinforcing material 4 is arranged so that a gap is formed between the reinforcing material 4 and the panel 2.
- the reinforcing material 4 protrudes from the panel 2 to the soundproofing material 3 side.
- the reinforcing member 4 has a substantially U-shaped cross section that protrudes toward the soundproofing material 3 with respect to the panel 2 (vehicle interior side).
- the reinforcing material 4 may have any shape as long as the air layer S is formed between the reinforcing material 4 and the panel 2.
- the reinforcing member 4 may have a hemispherical, arcuate, or arched cross section that protrudes toward the soundproofing material 3 (vehicle interior side) with respect to the panel 2.
- the reinforcing material 4 is attached to the soundproof material 3 (it does not need to be attached).
- the reinforcing material 4 contacts the soundproofing material 3.
- the thickness of the reinforcing material 4 is 0.8 ⁇ t ⁇ 1.2.
- the material of the reinforcing material 4 is a metal. This metal is, for example, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or iron. As shown in FIG. 2B, the reinforcing material 4 is provided with a through hole 5.
- the through hole 5 is provided on the entire surface or a part of the reinforcing material 4.
- the through hole 5 is provided on a surface parallel to the panel 2 among the surfaces constituting the reinforcing material 4.
- the hole diameter: d (mm) of the through hole 5 is 0.7 t ⁇ d ⁇ 1.3 t.
- the hole diameter is the diameter of the hole.
- the shape of the through-hole 5 when viewed from the thickness direction of the reinforcing material 4 is other than a circle
- the diameter of a circle equal to the area of the through-hole 5 (other than the circle) when viewed from the same direction is “hole diameter”.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the sound absorption rate (normal incident sound absorption rate) for each of the soundproof structure and the soundproof structure 1 of the comparative example.
- the sound absorption rate was examined for the following sound absorbing structures.
- [Through hole A] The soundproof structure 1 in which the through hole 5 is a fine hole (hole diameter: 1 mm).
- [Through hole B] The soundproof structure 1 in which the through hole 5 is a normal hole (hole diameter: 10 mm).
- No hole (Comparative example): Sound absorbing structure in which the through hole 5 is not provided in the reinforcing material 4 (other configurations are the same as the soundproof structure 1).
- the aperture ratio of the through-hole 5 provided in the reinforcing material is 0.3% (excluding [no hole]). Comparing [Through hole A] and [No hole], [Through hole A] has a higher sound absorption coefficient than [No hole] in a frequency region of about 400 Hz or more and less than 1600 Hz. Further, when [through hole A] and [through hole B] are compared, in the frequency region of about 630 Hz or more and less than 1600 Hz, [through hole A] has a higher sound absorption coefficient than [through hole B]. Further, in the frequency region of 1600 Hz or higher, there is almost no difference in sound absorption coefficient between the sound absorption coefficients of [No hole], [Through hole B], and [Through hole A].
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the difference in sound insulation performance of the through holes 5 having various opening ratios, based on the case where the opening ratio of the through holes 5 is 0.1%.
- the aperture ratios compared are 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%.
- the diameter of each through hole 5 is 1 mm. The smaller the value of the sound insulation performance shown in the graph, the lower the sound insulation performance compared to the case where the aperture ratio is 0.1%.
- the soundproof structure 1 of the present embodiment is provided between the panel 2, the soundproof material 3 laminated on the panel 2, and between the panel 2 and the soundproof material 3 and joined to the panel 2.
- the reinforcing material 4 and the air layer S are provided.
- the air layer S is formed between the panel 2 and the reinforcing material 4. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the reinforcing member 4 has a large number of through holes 5.
- Sound absorption is imparted by the above [Configuration 1]. Therefore, the sound absorption can be improved as compared with a conventional structure (a structure in which the panel 2 and the soundproof material 3 are laminated and the through hole 5 and the air layer S are not provided). As a result, the sound insulation of the soundproof structure 1 can be improved. Thereby, even if the sound absorption property and sound insulation property of the soundproof material 3 are lowered, the sound absorption property and sound insulation property equal to or higher than those of the “conventional structure” can be ensured. Therefore, the lightweight and thin soundproofing material 3 can be employed while ensuring sound absorption and sound insulation. As a result, an increase in the total weight of the soundproof structure 1 can be suppressed. Thereby, when the soundproof structure 1 is applied to an automobile, an increase in the total weight of the automobile can be suppressed.
- the plate thickness t (mm) of the reinforcing material 4 is 0.8 ⁇ t ⁇ 1.2.
- the hole diameter: d (mm) of the through hole 5 provided in the reinforcing material 4 is 0.7 t ⁇ d ⁇ 1.3 t.
- the sound absorptivity can be increased. As a result, it is possible to widen the frequency range where the sound absorption is large.
- the through-hole 5 with a small hole diameter can reduce vibration radiation sound compared with the through-hole 5 with a large hole diameter. Therefore, the sound insulation can be improved by providing the through-hole 5 having a small hole diameter.
- the through hole 5 has an aperture ratio of 1% or less.
- the opening ratio of the through hole 5 is 0.3% or less. As described above, the sound insulation can be increased as the opening ratio of the through hole 5 is smaller. Therefore, the sound insulation can be further improved by the above [Configuration 4].
- the soundproof structure of the present invention is useful for a floor carpet for automobiles, a dash panel portion, and the like, and can suppress an increase in total weight and ensure sound absorption and sound insulation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
Description
また、遮音性を高めるには通気性の低い素材の防音材を使用しなければならない。しかしながら、通気性の低い防音材を使用した場合、防音構造は吸音性が低くなる。これにより、防音構造によって得られる静粛性が低下するおそれがある。
パネル2は、板状部材である。
防音材3は、パネル2に対して積層される。防音材3は、パネル2よりも車室内側に配置される。防音材3は、パネル2の車室内側に加えて、車室外側にも配置(パネル2に対して積層)されていても構わない。防音材3は、パネル2に取り付けられる。防音材3とパネル2との間は、隙間が存在しても構わない。防音材3の材質は、繊維材や複合材である。繊維材は、例えば、フェルトやグラスウールなどである。複合材は、例えば、発泡ウレタンフォームのような発泡フォーム材の表面に表皮材(PVCシート、EVAシートやEPDMシートなど)を重合したものである。
補強材4は、パネル2を補強するためのものである。補強材4は、パネル2と防音材3との間に配置される。補強材4は、パネル2に接合される。この接合は、例えば溶接などによる。補強材4とパネル2との間には、閉じた又はほぼ閉じた空気層Sが形成される(後述する貫通孔5の部分を除く)。すなわち、補強材4とパネル2との間に隙間が形成されるように、補強材4が配置される。補強材4は、パネル2から防音材3側に突出する。
補強材4は、パネル2に対する防音材3側(車室内側)に凸な断面が略U字形状である。なお、補強材4とパネル2との間に空気層Sが形成されていれば、補強材4はどのような形状でも構わない。例えば、補強材4は、パネル2に対する防音材3側(車室内側)に凸な断面が半球状、円弧状またはアーチ状などであっても構わない。補強材4は、防音材3に取り付けられる(取り付けられていなくても構わない)。補強材4は、防音材3に接触する。補強材4と防音材3との間(全体または一部)には、隙間が存在していても構わない。補強材4の板厚:t(mm)は、0.8≦t≦1.2である。補強材4の材質は、金属である。この金属は、例えば、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、または鉄などである。補強材4には、図2(b)に示すように、貫通孔5が設けられる。
図3は、比較例の防音構造及び防音構造1それぞれについての吸音率(垂直入射吸音率)を示すグラフである。以下の吸音構造について吸音率を調べた。
[貫通孔A]:貫通孔5が微細孔(孔径1mm)である防音構造1。
[貫通孔B]:貫通孔5が通常孔(孔径10mm)である防音構造1。
[孔なし](比較例):貫通孔5が補強材4にない吸音構造(他の構成は防音構造1と同じである)。
ここで、補強材に設ける貫通孔5の開口率は、0.3%である([孔なし]を除く)。
[貫通孔A]と[孔なし]とを比較すると、約400Hz以上、且つ、1600Hz未満の周波数領域において、[貫通孔A]の方が[孔なし]より吸音率が大きい。また、[貫通孔A]と[貫通孔B]とを比較すると、約630Hz以上、且つ、1600Hz未満の周波数領域において、[貫通孔A]の方が[貫通孔B]より吸音率が大きい。また、1600Hz以上の周波数領域においては、[孔なし]、[貫通孔B]、[貫通孔A]それぞれの吸音率の間には、吸音率の差がほぼない。
グラフより、貫通孔5の孔径が小さいほど、低周波数帯域(約1600Hz未満)の吸音性が高くなることがわかる。従って、貫通孔5の孔径が小さいほど、吸音性が大きな(例えば垂直入射吸音率が0.3以上の)周波数範囲を広くすることができる。
図4は、貫通孔5の開口率が0.1%の場合を基準とした、様々な開口率の貫通孔5の遮音性能の差異を示すグラフである。比較した開口率は、0.1%、0.3%、0.5%、1%、1.5%および2%である。それぞれの貫通孔5の孔径は、1mmである。グラフに示す遮音性能の値が小さいほど、開口率が0.1%の場合に比べて遮音性能が低いことを表す。
本実施形態の防音構造1は、図1に示すように、パネル2と、パネル2に対して積層された防音材3と、パネル2と防音材3との間に設けられパネル2に接合された補強材4と、空気層Sとを備える。
[構成2]補強材4の板厚:t(mm)は、0.8≦t≦1.2である。補強材4に設けられる貫通孔5の孔径:d(mm)は、0.7t≦d≦1.3tである。
また、孔径の小さい貫通孔5は、孔径の大きい貫通孔5に比べて振動放射音を低減することができる。従って、孔径の小さい貫通孔5を設けることにより、遮音性を向上させることができる。
[構成3]貫通孔5の開口率は1%以下である。
ここで、上述したように、貫通孔5の開口率が小さいほど、遮音性が高い。従って、上記[構成3]によって、開口率が大きい場合(1%を超える場合)と比べて遮音性を向上させることができる。
[構成4]貫通孔5の開口率は0.3%以下である。
上述したように、貫通孔5の開口率が小さいほど遮音性を高くできる。よって、上記[構成4]により、遮音性をより向上させることができる。
本出願は、2013年2月27日出願の日本特許出願(特願2013-037679)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
2:パネル
3:防音材
4:補強材
5:貫通孔
S:空気層
Claims (4)
- パネルと、
前記パネルに対して積層された防音材と、
前記パネルと前記防音材との間に設けられ、前記パネルに接合された補強材と、
前記パネルと前記補強材との間に形成された空気層と、
を備え、
前記補強材は、多数の貫通孔を有することを特徴とする、防音構造。 - 請求項1に記載の防音構造において、
前記補強材の板厚:t(mm)は、0.8≦t≦1.2であり、
前記補強材に設けられる前記貫通孔の孔径:d(mm)は、0.7t≦d≦1.3tであることを特徴とする、防音構造。 - 請求項1または2に記載の防音構造において、
前記貫通孔の開口率が1%以下であることを特徴とする、防音構造。 - 請求項1または2に記載の防音構造において、
前記貫通孔の開口率が0.3%以下であることを特徴とする、防音構造。
Priority Applications (2)
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CN201480009682.0A CN105027193B (zh) | 2013-02-27 | 2014-02-26 | 隔音构造 |
US14/769,555 US9564118B2 (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2014-02-26 | Sound insulating structure |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2013-037679 | 2013-02-27 | ||
JP2013037679A JP6165466B2 (ja) | 2013-02-27 | 2013-02-27 | 防音構造 |
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WO2014133033A1 true WO2014133033A1 (ja) | 2014-09-04 |
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PCT/JP2014/054743 WO2014133033A1 (ja) | 2013-02-27 | 2014-02-26 | 防音構造 |
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US (1) | US9564118B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6165466B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105027193B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014133033A1 (ja) |
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CN105027193A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
JP6165466B2 (ja) | 2017-07-19 |
US9564118B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
CN105027193B (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
JP2014164259A (ja) | 2014-09-08 |
US20160012811A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
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