WO2014064748A1 - X線管装置 - Google Patents
X線管装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014064748A1 WO2014064748A1 PCT/JP2012/077215 JP2012077215W WO2014064748A1 WO 2014064748 A1 WO2014064748 A1 WO 2014064748A1 JP 2012077215 W JP2012077215 W JP 2012077215W WO 2014064748 A1 WO2014064748 A1 WO 2014064748A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electric field
- envelope
- field relaxation
- relaxation electrode
- tip
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/14—Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray
- H01J35/147—Spot size control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/14—Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray
- H01J35/153—Spot position control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/24—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof
- H01J35/30—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof by deflection of the cathode ray
- H01J35/305—Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof by deflection of the cathode ray by using a rotating X-ray tube in conjunction therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/02—Electrical arrangements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/16—Vessels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/16—Vessels
- H01J2235/165—Shielding arrangements
- H01J2235/168—Shielding arrangements against charged particles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an X-ray tube apparatus, and more particularly to an X-ray tube apparatus provided with a magnetic field generator.
- the X-ray tube apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 6,084,942 is provided with a cylindrical envelope, a cathode and an anode accommodated in the envelope, and an outer side of the cylindrical envelope.
- the cathode is provided with, for example, an electron source that generates thermoelectrons, and electrons are generated by flowing a filament current. Further, when a negative high voltage is applied to the cathode and a positive high voltage is applied to the anode and the envelope, an electron beam is irradiated from the cathode toward the anode.
- the magnetic field generator has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and generates a magnetic field from the outside of the envelope at a position between the cathode and the anode by applying a deflection voltage. This deflects the electron beam toward the anode and focuses the electron beam on the edge of the anode that rotates with the envelope. X-rays are generated when the electron beam collides with the anode.
- the magnetic field generator is brought close to the envelope so that the magnetic field is efficiently applied to the electron beam.
- the potential difference between the envelope to which the high voltage (tube voltage) is applied and the magnetic field generator to which the deflection voltage is applied is large.
- the generator is brought close to the envelope, electric field concentration occurs at the tip of the magnetic field generator and becomes the starting point of discharge.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and one object of the present invention is to remove the magnetic field generator while suppressing the tip of the magnetic field generator from being the starting point of discharge.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray tube apparatus that can be brought close to an envelope.
- an X-ray tube apparatus includes a cathode that generates an electron beam, an anode that generates X-rays when the electron beam from the cathode collides, a cathode, A magnetic field generator for generating a magnetic field for converging and deflecting an electron beam from the cathode toward the anode; and a magnetic pole, including an envelope containing the anode inside, a magnetic pole disposed so as to face the envelope And an electric field relaxation electrode having a rounded outer surface.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is disposed between the magnetic pole and the envelope and has a rounded outer surface, thereby providing an electric field. Since the rounded outer surface of the relaxation electrode is disposed between the magnetic pole (magnetic field generator) and the envelope, the electric field concentration at the tip of the magnetic pole facing the envelope can be reduced. As a result, even when the magnetic field generator is brought closer to the envelope, the electric field concentration that becomes the starting point of the discharge can be relaxed, so that the magnetic field generator is suppressed while suppressing the tip of the magnetic field generator to become the starting point of the discharging. Can be brought closer to the envelope. As a result, the magnetic field of the magnetic field generator can be efficiently applied to the electron beam, thereby reducing the size of the apparatus by reducing the size of the magnetic field generator itself and bringing the magnetic field generator closer to the envelope. The size of the apparatus can be reduced.
- the rounded outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of the magnetic pole. If comprised in this way, when the electric field relaxation electrode is brought close to the envelope in a range where no discharge occurs with the envelope, the tip of the magnetic pole is arranged close to the vicinity of the outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode. Therefore, the magnetic pole (magnetic field generator) can be brought closer to the envelope.
- the tip of the magnetic pole has a shape having a corner
- the electric field relaxation electrode is provided such that the rounded outer surface covers at least the corner of the tip of the magnetic pole.
- the electric field relaxation electrode has a tip that intersects with each other at the corner of the magnetic pole and the corner of the magnetic pole. It is provided so as to cover the surface and the side surface. If comprised in this way, in addition to the corner
- the electric field relaxation electrode is provided so as to surround and cover the corner portion and the tip surface of the magnetic pole without gap. If comprised in this way, an electric field relaxation electrode can relieve
- the electric field relaxation electrode is made of a nonmagnetic metal. If comprised in this way, since it can suppress that the magnetic field which generate
- the envelope has a cylindrical shape that accommodates the cathode and the anode, and the electric field relaxation electrode surrounds the periphery of the cylindrical envelope. Is provided in a ring shape. With this configuration, the cylindrical envelope is continuously surrounded by the annular electric field relaxation electrode without any breaks, so that the electric field concentration on the electric field relaxation electrode can be reduced.
- the outer surface of the tip of the annular electric field relaxation electrode is formed in a rounded shape with a convex shape.
- the outer surface of the tip of the annular electric field relaxation electrode is formed by a circular inner peripheral surface.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is provided in an annular shape so as to surround the periphery of the envelope, preferably, a plurality of magnetic poles are provided at predetermined angular intervals around the envelope, and a plurality of electric field relaxation electrodes are provided.
- One annular electric field relaxation electrode is provided so as to cover the magnetic poles.
- the magnetic field generator includes an annular core and a plurality of magnetic poles arranged so as to protrude inward from the annular core, and a plurality of magnetic poles are provided on an outer peripheral portion of the annular electric field relaxation electrode.
- a plurality of recesses for inserting the tip portion of the magnetic field are provided, and a plurality of magnetic poles are respectively inserted into the plurality of recesses of the annular electric field relaxation electrode, so that the tip portion of the magnetic pole is an annular electric field relaxation electrode. It is comprised so that it may be covered with. If comprised in this way, one cyclic
- the annular electric field relaxation electrode is preferably concentrically with the envelope so as to surround the periphery of the envelope. Has been placed.
- the distance between the envelope and the electric field relaxation electrode can be easily made constant. Therefore, the electric field concentration on the electric field relaxation electrode can be more effectively reduced.
- the distance between the inner peripheral surface of the annular electric field relaxation electrode and the outer peripheral surface of the envelope is substantially constant. Is arranged. With this configuration, the electric field strength can be made substantially constant over the entire inner peripheral surface of the electric field relaxation electrode, so that the electric field concentration on the electric field relaxation electrode can be more effectively reduced.
- the cylindrical envelope has a circular outer peripheral surface in a cross section in a direction orthogonal to the central axis of the envelope, and the inner peripheral surface of the annular electric field relaxation electrode is a circle. While having a shape, it arrange
- the electric field relaxation electrode has a convex outer surface, and the convex outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode has an arc-shaped portion covering the tip surface of the magnetic pole. Including. If comprised in this way, an electric field relaxation electrode can be easily formed also when forming the outer surface of an electric field relaxation electrode in convex shape normally according to the magnetic pole formed in a column shape.
- the arc-shaped portion of the electric field relaxation electrode has a radius of curvature larger than one half of the length of the magnetic pole in the direction along the direction of the electron beam. If comprised in this way, it can form so that the front end surface of a magnetic pole may be covered with the circular arc-shaped part of an electric field relaxation electrode, Therefore The electric field concentration in the front-end
- the outer surface of the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the envelope in the direction along the direction of the electron beam.
- the envelope has a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section, and has an inclined surface that is inclined so that the outer diameter in the direction along the central axis is increased, and the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode is formed.
- the outer surface has a cross-sectional shape in which a circular arc portion covering the tip surface of the magnetic pole and an inclined portion extending substantially parallel to the inclined surface are smoothly connected in a longitudinal section in a direction along the central axis of the envelope.
- a coil is wound around the base of the magnetic pole, and the electric field relaxation electrode covers the tip of the magnetic pole where the coil is not wound. It is configured. If comprised in this way, even when providing an electric field relaxation electrode, an electric field relaxation electrode does not interfere with a coil. Further, as described above, in the present invention, the magnetic pole (magnetic field generator) can be brought close to the envelope, so that a coil for obtaining a desired magnetic field can be made small. For this reason, the miniaturized coil can be disposed only on the base side of the magnetic pole, and the magnetic pole can be easily covered with the electric field relaxation electrode.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is disposed so as to cover at least the tip surface of the magnetic pole, and the distance between the outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode and the tip surface of the magnetic pole is: It is less than or equal to the length of the magnetic pole in the direction along the direction of the electron beam.
- the envelope has a cylindrical shape that houses the cathode and the anode in the axial center, and is configured to rotate integrally with the anode.
- an X-ray tube apparatus capable of bringing a magnetic field generator closer to an envelope while suppressing the tip of the magnetic field generator from being a starting point of discharge. it can.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the overall configuration of the X-ray tube apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention along the line 510-510 in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the X-ray tube apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, taken along line 500-500 in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the electric field relaxation electrode of the X-ray tube apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the overall configuration of the X-ray tube apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, taken along line 610-610 in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the X-ray tube apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, taken along line 600-600 in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale for demonstrating the electric field relaxation electrode of the X-ray tube apparatus shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the simulation result of the electric field strength near the front-end
- an X-ray tube apparatus 100 includes an electron source 1 that generates an electron beam, a target 2, an envelope 3 that accommodates the electron source 1 and the target 2, and an envelope.
- a magnetic field generator 4 provided outside the container 3, and one electric field relaxation electrode 5 provided between the envelope 3 and the magnetic field generator 4.
- the X-ray tube apparatus 100 is a rotary anode X-ray tube apparatus in which the target 2 rotates, and more specifically, an envelope in which the envelope 3 rotates integrally with the target 2. This is a rotary X-ray tube device.
- the electron source 1 and the target 2 are examples of the “cathode” and the “anode” in the present invention, respectively.
- the electron source 1 is fixedly attached to one end in the axial direction (A direction) of the envelope 3 via an insulating member 33.
- the electron source 1 is disposed on the rotation shaft 3a of the envelope 3 and is configured to rotate integrally with the envelope 3 around the rotation shaft 3a.
- the target 2 is integrally (fixed) attached to the other end in the axial direction (A direction) of the envelope 3 so as to face the electron source 1.
- the target 2 has a disc shape that is inclined so that the edge 2a becomes thinner toward the outside.
- the center of the disk-shaped target 2 coincides with the rotation shaft 3a of the envelope 3, and the target 2 is configured to rotate integrally with the envelope 3 around the rotation shaft 3a.
- the target 2 and the electron source 1 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply unit 6.
- a positive high voltage is applied to the target 2 and a negative high voltage is applied to the electron source 1
- an electron beam is generated from the electron source 1 toward the target 2 along the rotation axis 3a (axial direction A).
- the envelope 3 has a cylindrical shape that extends in the axial direction A about the rotation axis (center axis) 3a.
- the cylindrical envelope 3 includes a cylindrical portion 31 at the center in the axial direction A and an inclined portion 32 that is inclined so that the diameter increases toward both ends in the axial direction A.
- the envelope 3 is supported by a shaft 7 and a bearing 7a provided at both ends so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis (center axis) 3a.
- the envelope 3 is rotationally driven by a motor (not shown) connected to the shaft 7.
- One end of the envelope 3 is closed by a disk-shaped insulating member 33, and the other end of the envelope 3 is closed by the target 2.
- the inside of the envelope 3 is evacuated.
- the diameters of the insulating member 33 and the target 2 are the same, and the envelope 3 is symmetrical in a longitudinal section (cross section 510-510 in FIG. 2, see FIG. 1) along the rotation axis 3a (center axis). Yes.
- the envelope 3 is made of a nonmagnetic metal material such as stainless steel (SUS), and the insulating member 33 is made of an insulating material such as ceramic.
- the envelope 3 has the same potential as the target 2 to which a positive high voltage is applied.
- the electron source 1 and the envelope 3 are insulated by an insulating member 33.
- the diameter of the insulating member 33 is set to a size that can sufficiently insulate between the electron source 1 and the envelope 3.
- the magnetic field generator 4 includes an annular core 4a, a plurality of magnetic poles 4b arranged so as to face the envelope 3, and a plurality of coils 4c wound around each magnetic pole 4b.
- the magnetic field generator 4 has a function of generating a magnetic field for focusing and deflecting an electron beam from the electron source 1 toward the target 2.
- the magnetic field generator 4 is arranged at a central position in the axial direction A with respect to the envelope 3, and is provided in an annular shape so as to surround the periphery of the cylindrical portion 31 of the envelope 3.
- the core 4a has an annular shape concentric with the rotating shaft 3a of the envelope 3. Further, four magnetic poles 4b are arranged at equiangular intervals (about 90 degrees) so as to protrude inward from the annular core 4a surrounding the envelope 3 (cylindrical portion 31). Therefore, the four magnetic poles 4b face each other with the center of the core 4a (rotating shaft 3a) interposed therebetween.
- the core 4a and the magnetic pole 4b are made of a high permeability magnetic material such as iron and are grounded. For this reason, a large potential difference is generated between the envelope 3 and the magnetic pole 4 b of the magnetic field generator 4.
- each magnetic pole 4 b is formed in a prismatic shape having a tip surface 41, a corner portion 42 at the tip, and a side surface 43 orthogonal to the tip surface 41 at the corner portion 42.
- the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b is formed in a square shape with one side length L1. Therefore, the corner portions 42 are provided at the four corners of the tip surface 41, respectively.
- Side surface 43 has a length L2.
- substantially half of the tip end side of the magnetic pole 4 b is covered with the electric field relaxation electrode 5.
- a coil 4c is wound around substantially half of the base part side (core 4a side) of the magnetic pole 4b.
- the magnetic field generator 4 generates a magnetic field from the tip of each magnetic pole 4b by energizing the coil 4c. As shown in FIG. 1, the electron beam traveling toward the target 2 along the axial direction A is focused and deflected by the action of the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field generator 4, and collides with the inclined edge 2 a of the target 2. As a result, X-rays are generated from the edge 2 a of the target 2 and are emitted to the outside from a window portion (not shown) of the envelope 3.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is provided to relax electric field concentration in the vicinity of the tip of the magnetic pole 4b. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the first embodiment, the electric field relaxation electrode 5 has an annular shape, is disposed between the four magnetic poles 4 b and the envelope 3, and is rounded. It has a shaped outer surface 5a.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is made of a nonmagnetic metal and has a solid inside.
- the nonmagnetic metal used for the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is preferably a metal with a high withstand voltage, such as stainless steel (SUS) or titanium.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 has a rounded outer surface 5a disposed in the vicinity of the tip of each magnetic pole 4b, and the corner 42, the tip surface 41, and the side surface 43 on the tip side of the magnetic pole 4b are formed without gaps. It is provided to surround and cover. The electric field relaxation electrode 5 is grounded to the ground via the magnetic pole 4b.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 Is formed in a rounded shape with a convex shape.
- the outer surface 5a of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 has a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the arcuate portion 51 at the tip and the linear portion 52 extending along the side surface 43 of the magnetic pole 4b are smoothly continuous. Is formed.
- the arcuate portion 51 at the tip has a radius of curvature R1 that is greater than one half (L1 / 2) of the length L1 in the direction along the direction of the electron beam of the magnetic pole 4b (axial direction A). Further, the distance D1 between the outer surface 5a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 (outer surface of the arcuate portion 51) and the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b is not more than the length L1 in the axial direction A of the magnetic pole 4b.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 has a circular shape so as to cover all four magnetic poles 4b in a cross section (cross section 500-500 in FIG. 1) in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis (center axis) 3a.
- the outer surface 5a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is formed by a circular inner peripheral surface.
- the center of the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 coincides with the rotation axis (center axis) 3 a of the envelope 3. Therefore, the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 is concentrically arranged so as to surround the envelope 3 (cylindrical portion 31).
- the inner peripheral surface (outer surface 5 a) of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is arranged such that the distance D ⁇ b> 2 with the outer peripheral surface 31 a of the cylindrical portion 31 of the envelope 3 is substantially constant.
- Four recesses 53 for inserting the tip portions of the four magnetic poles 4b are provided at equiangular intervals corresponding to the magnetic poles 4b on the outer peripheral portion of the electric field relaxation electrode 5. By inserting the four magnetic poles 4 b into the four recesses 53, the tip portions of the magnetic poles 4 b are covered with the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is configured to cover the tip of the magnetic pole 4b around which the coil 4c is not wound.
- the annular core 4a and the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 have a divided structure connected by connecting portions 4d and 5b, respectively.
- the connecting parts 4d and 5b have a fitting structure in which one is convex and the other is concave, and are screwed perpendicularly to the fitting direction with the connecting part 4d (5b) being fitted.
- the divided core 4 a and the electric field relaxation electrode 5 are each provided in an annular shape around the envelope 3.
- the core 4a is divided into two and the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is divided into four, but the number of divisions is not limited to this and is arbitrary.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 disposed between the magnetic pole 4b and the envelope 3 and having the rounded outer surface 5a is provided. Since the rounded outer surface 5a is disposed between the magnetic pole 4b (magnetic field generator 4) and the envelope 3, electric field concentration at the tip of the magnetic pole 4b facing the envelope 3 can be reduced. . Thereby, even if the tip (magnetic pole 4b) of the magnetic field generator 4 is brought close to the envelope 3, the electric field concentration that becomes the starting point of the discharge can be relaxed, so that the tip of the magnetic field generator 4 becomes the starting point of the discharge. It is possible to bring the magnetic field generator 4 closer to the envelope 3 while suppressing this.
- the size of the X-ray tube apparatus 100 can be reduced by reducing the size of the magnetic field generator 4 itself, and the magnetic field generator 4 can be reduced.
- the X-ray tube apparatus 100 can be reduced in size by being brought close to the envelope 3.
- the rounded outer surface 5a of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is disposed in the vicinity of the tip of the magnetic pole 4b.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is provided so as to cover the corner 42 at the tip of the magnetic pole 4b, the tip surface 41, and the side surface 43. If comprised in this way, the corner
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is provided so as to surround and cover the corner portion 42 and the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b without a gap. If comprised in this way, the electric field relaxation electrode 5 will completely cover the corner
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is formed of a nonmagnetic metal. If comprised in this way, since it can suppress that the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator 4 is interrupted
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is provided in an annular shape so as to surround the periphery of the cylindrical envelope 3. If comprised in this way, since the cylindrical envelope 3 is continuously surrounded by the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 without a break, the electric field concentration on the electric field relaxation electrode 5 can be reduced.
- the outer surface 5a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is formed in the longitudinal section (cross section 510-510 in FIG. 2) along the axial direction A of the cylindrical envelope 3.
- the outer surface 5a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is formed in a circular shape in a cross section (500-500 cross section in FIG. 1) that is formed in a substantially round U-shape with a convex shape and orthogonal to the axial direction A.
- the inner peripheral surface is formed. If comprised in this way, the electric field relaxation electrode 5 has the outer surface 5a rounded with respect to the envelope 3 in both the vertical cross section along the axial direction A, and the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction A. Therefore, the electric field concentration with respect to the electric field relaxation electrode 5 can be effectively reduced.
- one annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 is provided so as to cover the plurality of magnetic poles 4b. If comprised in this way, only the one electric field relaxation electrode 5 will be provided, and the several magnetic pole 4b can be covered collectively, and compared with the case where the several electric field relaxation electrode 5 is provided separately, a number of parts increases. Can be suppressed.
- the tip portion of the magnetic pole 4b has an annular electric field.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is configured to be covered with the relaxation electrode 5. If comprised in this way, the one cyclic
- the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 is concentrically arranged with respect to the envelope 3 so as to surround the periphery of the envelope 3.
- the inner peripheral surface of the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 is arranged such that the distance D2 between the outer peripheral surface 31a of the envelope 3 is substantially constant.
- the electric field strength can be made substantially constant over the entire circumference of the inner peripheral surface (tip-side outer surface 5a) of the electric field relaxation electrode 5, so that the electric field concentration on the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is further effective. Can be relaxed.
- the inner peripheral surface of the annular electric field relaxation electrode 5 has a circular shape in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction A (cross section 500-500 in FIG. 1). It arrange
- the arc-shaped portion 51 that covers the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4 b is provided on the convex outer surface 5 a of the electric field relaxation electrode 5.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 can be easily formed even when the outer surface 5a of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is formed in a convex shape in accordance with the magnetic pole 4b formed in a columnar shape. .
- the arc-shaped portion 51 of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is made half of the length L1 of the magnetic pole 4b in the direction along the direction of the electron beam (axial direction A) ( L1 / 2) and a radius of curvature R1 larger than L1 / 2).
- the arc-shaped portion 51 of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 can be formed so as to cover the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b, so that the electric field concentration at the tip of the magnetic pole 4b can be effectively reduced. it can.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is configured to cover the tip portion of the magnetic pole 4b around which the coil 4c is not wound. If comprised in this way, even when providing the electric field relaxation electrode 5, the electric field relaxation electrode 5 does not interfere with the coil 4c. Further, as described above, in the first embodiment, the magnetic pole 4b (magnetic field generator 4) can be brought close to the envelope 3, so that the coil 4c for obtaining a desired magnetic field can be reduced. For this reason, the miniaturized coil 4c can be disposed only on the base side of the magnetic pole 4b, and the magnetic field 4b can be easily covered with the electric field relaxation electrode 5.
- the distance D1 between the outer surface 5a of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 and the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b is set in the direction along the direction of the electron beam (axial direction A).
- the magnetic pole 4b is configured to have a length L1 or less.
- the envelope 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape that houses the electron source 1 and the target 2 around the rotation shaft 3 a, and the envelope 3 is integrated with the target 2. And configured to rotate. If comprised in this way, envelope rotation which can relieve electric field concentration and bring magnetic field generator 4 closer to envelope 3 while suppressing the tip of magnetic field generator 4 from becoming the starting point of discharge A type of X-ray tube apparatus 100 can be obtained.
- an X-ray tube apparatus 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the outer surface 5 a of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 is formed in a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape
- the outer surface 105 a of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 is formed in the shape of the envelope 3.
- the example formed in the corresponding shape is demonstrated.
- the same components as those in the X-ray tube apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 105 of the X-ray tube apparatus 200 has a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the envelope 3 in the axial direction A.
- the outer surface 105a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 is a circle that covers the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b in a longitudinal section in the direction along the axial direction A of the envelope 3.
- the arc-shaped portion 151 and the inclined portion 152 extending substantially parallel to the inclined surface 32a of the envelope 3 (the outer peripheral surface of the inclined portion 32) have a smoothly continuous cross-sectional shape.
- the arcuate portion 151 has a radius of curvature R2 that is larger than one half (L1 / 2) of the length L1 of the magnetic pole 4b in the axial direction A.
- the curvature radius R2 is larger than the curvature radius R1 of the arc-shaped portion 51 of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 according to the first embodiment.
- the curvature radius R2 is set to a size such that the outer surface 105a is smoothly continuous with the end portions on the tip end side of the inclined portions 152 on both sides in the axial direction A.
- the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b is disposed so as to approach the outer surface 105a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 105, and the outer surface (arc-shaped) at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 105
- the distance D3 between the outer surface 105a of the portion 151 and the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b is smaller than the distance D1 in the first embodiment.
- the distance D3 is less than or equal to the length L1 in the axial direction A of the magnetic pole 4b.
- the distance between the outer surface 105a at the tip of the arcuate portion 151 and the outer peripheral surface 31a of the cylindrical portion 31 of the envelope 3 is D4.
- the inclined portion 152 is formed so as to be inclined at an inclination angle substantially equal to the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined surface 32a of the envelope 3 (the outer peripheral surface of the inclined portion 32) and to extend substantially parallel to the inclined surface 32a.
- the inclined portion 152 is correspondingly circular in the cross section along the rotation axis 3a (center axis). It is symmetrical with respect to the arcuate portion 151.
- the distance between the inclined portion 152 (outer surface 105a) and the inclined surface 32a of the envelope 3 is substantially constant D5.
- the inclined portion 152 has an end 153 on the opposite side to the arc-shaped portion 151 and is formed in a rounded smooth shape.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 105 has four cross-sections (cross-section 600-600 in FIG. 5) in the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis (center axis) 3a, as in the first embodiment.
- the outer surface 105a of the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 (tip of the arcuate portion 151) is formed by a circular inner peripheral surface so as to cover all the two magnetic poles 4b.
- the inner peripheral surface (outer surface 105a) of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 is arranged such that the distance D4 between the outer peripheral surface 31a of the cylindrical portion 31 of the envelope 3 is substantially constant.
- the outer surface 105a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 is formed in a shape corresponding to the outer shape of the envelope 3 in the axial direction A. If comprised in this way, since it can suppress that the distance D4 between the outer surface 105a of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 in the axial direction A and the outer peripheral surface of the envelope 3 changes, in the axial direction A The electric field concentration on the electric field relaxation electrode 105 can be effectively reduced.
- the outer surface 105a at the tip of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 has an arcuate portion 151 that covers the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b in the longitudinal section in the axial direction A, and an envelope.
- the three inclined surfaces 32a and the inclined portion 152 extending substantially in parallel are formed in a smoothly continuous cross-sectional shape. According to this configuration, the electric field concentration at the tip of the magnetic pole 4 b can be relaxed by the arc-shaped portion 151 of the electric field relaxation electrode 105, and the inclined portion 152 of the electric field relaxation electrode 105 smoothly continues to the arc-shaped portion 151.
- the tip of the magnetic pole of the magnetic field generator in each of the X-ray tube apparatus 100 (Example 1) according to the first embodiment and the X-ray tube apparatus 200 (Example 2) according to the second embodiment The electric field strength was simulated in the region between the envelope.
- a simulation was performed for an example (comparative example) in which the electric field relaxation electrode was not provided, and a comparison with the example was performed.
- the simulation conditions such as the dimensions of the envelope and the magnetic pole and the potentials of the envelope 3 and the magnetic pole 4b are common to the first and second embodiments and the comparative example.
- FIG. 7 shows the simulation result of Example 1.
- the distance Dm (D1 + D2) from the front end surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b of the magnetic field generator 4 to the outer peripheral surface 31a of the envelope 3 (cylindrical portion 31) was 10 mm.
- FIG. 8 shows the simulation result of Example 2.
- the distance Dm (D3 + D4) from the front end surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b of the magnetic field generator 4 to the outer peripheral surface 31a of the envelope 3 (cylindrical part 31) was 10 mm.
- Example 2 is different from Example 1 only in the shape of the electric field relaxation electrode.
- Fig. 9 shows the simulation results of the comparative example.
- the distance Dm from the tip surface 41 of the magnetic pole 4b of the magnetic field generator 4 to the outer peripheral surface 31a of the envelope 3 (cylindrical portion 31) was 15 mm.
- the comparative example is different from the first and second embodiments in that the electric field relaxation electrode is not provided and the distance Dm is set larger than that in the first and second embodiments.
- Example 7 the electric field strength showed the maximum at the outer surface 5a (P1) of the electric field relaxation electrode 5 in the vicinity of the corner portion 42 of the magnetic pole 4b, and became 12 kV / mm.
- the electric field strength is maximum on the outer surface 5a (P2) in the vicinity of the boundary between the arc-shaped portion 151 and the inclined portion 152 of the electric field relaxation electrode 105, and 10.6 kV / mm. It became.
- FIG. 9 in the comparative example, the electric field strength showed the maximum at the corner 42 (P3) at the tip of the magnetic pole 4b, which was 18.8 kV / mm.
- Example 2 the second embodiment in which the electric field relaxation electrode was formed so as to correspond to the shape of the envelope.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention may be applied to an X-ray tube apparatus other than the envelope rotating type, such as an anode rotating type X-ray tube apparatus in which only the envelope is fixed, or an anode fixing type X-ray tube apparatus.
- the example which provided the U-shaped electric field relaxation electrode in the longitudinal cross section of an axial direction is shown, and in the said 2nd Embodiment, an arc-shaped part and an inclination part are shown in the longitudinal cross section of an axial direction.
- the vertical cross-sectional shape of the electric field relaxation electrode may be a complete arc shape (such as a fan shape or a semicircular shape), or may be a curved surface shape other than the arc shape.
- the electric field relaxation electrode may be formed so as to have a rounded outer surface so that electric field concentration at the corners can be relaxed.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is shown to be formed so as to completely cover the corner portion, the tip surface, and the tip portion of the side surface of the magnetic pole. Not limited. In this invention, the corner
- the electric field relaxation electrode is formed of a nonmagnetic metal material.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the electric field relaxation electrode may be formed of a nonmagnetic material other than metal.
- the electric field relaxation electrode may be formed of a magnetic material as long as the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generator can be applied to the electron beam.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is formed in an annular shape in a cross section orthogonal to the axial direction so as to cover a plurality of electrodes.
- the electric field relaxation electrode 205 may be individually provided for each of the plurality of magnetic poles 4b.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is formed in an annular shape in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a field relaxation electrode having a shape other than a ring, such as a rounded rounded field relaxation electrode 305 may be provided. Note that only the inner peripheral surface of the electric field relaxation electrode 305 in FIG. 11 may be formed in a circular shape.
- the example in which the annular electric field relaxation electrode is arranged concentrically with the cylindrical portion of the envelope in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction is shown. Not limited to. In the present invention, the center of the electric field relaxation electrode may be shifted from the axial center of the cylindrical envelope.
- the distance D2 (D4) between the inner peripheral surface of the annular electric field relaxation electrode and the outer surface of the envelope is the circumferential direction in the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction.
- the electric field relaxation electrode may be formed so that the distance between the outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode and the outer surface of the envelope varies depending on the position in the circumferential direction.
- the distance between the outer surface 105a at the tip of the arc-shaped portion 151 and the outer peripheral surface 31a of the cylindrical portion 31 of the envelope 3 is D4, and the inclined portion 152 and the envelope 3
- the electric field relaxation electrode may be formed so that the distance D4 and the distance D5 are equal.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is provided so as to cover only the tip portion of the magnetic pole around which the coil is not wound, but the present invention is not limited to this. In this invention, you may form an electric field relaxation electrode so that the winding part of a coil may also be covered.
- an example in which a solid-state electric field relaxation electrode is provided has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- an electric field relaxation electrode having a hollow structure may be provided.
- the electric field relaxation electrode is such that the distance D1 (D3) between the outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode and the tip surface of the magnetic pole is equal to or less than the length L1 of the magnetic pole in the axial direction.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the electric field relaxation electrode may be formed such that the distance between the outer surface of the electric field relaxation electrode and the tip surface of the magnetic pole is larger than the length of the magnetic pole in the axial direction.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the number of magnetic poles may be a plurality other than four. For example, two, six, or eight magnetic poles may be provided. As long as a desired magnetic field is obtained, the number of magnetic poles is not limited.
- a prismatic magnetic pole is provided in the first and second embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a magnetic pole having a shape other than a prismatic shape such as a cylindrical shape may be provided.
- the present invention is not limited to this. I can't.
- an envelope having an inclined portion only on the target side and a cylindrical portion extending in the axial direction as it is may be provided on the electron source side.
- the envelope may be provided by a material other than metal.
- the envelope may be formed of an insulating material such as ceramic.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the diameters of the insulating member 33 and the target 2 may not be the same, and the envelope 3 may be asymmetric in the cross section along the rotation axis 3a (center axis).
- the tip of the magnetic pole has been illustrated as having a corner, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the tip of the magnetic pole may not have a shape having a corner, but may have a shape having a radius of curvature smaller than L1 / 2.
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- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Abstract
Description
まず、図1~図3を参照して、第1実施形態によるX線管装置100の構成について説明する。
次に、図4~図6を参照して、本発明の第2実施形態によるX線管装置200について説明する。第2実施形態では、電界緩和電極5の外表面5aを略U字状の断面形状に形成した上記第1実施形態とは異なり、電界緩和電極105の外表面105aを外囲器3の形状に対応する形状に形成した例について説明する。なお、第2実施形態では、上記第1実施形態によるX線管装置100と同一の構成については同一符号を付し、説明を省略する。
次に、図7~図9を参照して、本発明の効果を確認するために行った電界強度のシミュレーション(実施例)について説明する。
2 ターゲット(陽極)
3 外囲器
4 磁場発生器
4a コア
4b 磁極
4c コイル
5、105、205、305 電界緩和電極
5a 外表面
31a 外周面
32a 傾斜面
41 先端面
42 角部
43 側面
51、151 円弧状部分
53 凹部
152 傾斜部分
100、200 X線管装置
Claims (20)
- 電子ビームを発生させる陰極と、
前記陰極からの電子ビームが衝突することによりX線を発生させる陽極と、
前記陰極および前記陽極を内部に収容する外囲器と、
前記外囲器と対向するように配置された磁極を含み、前記陰極から前記陽極に向かう電子ビームを集束、偏向させるための磁場を発生させる磁場発生器と、
前記磁極と前記外囲器との間に配置され、丸みを帯びた形状の外表面を有する電界緩和電極とを備える、X線管装置。 - 前記電界緩和電極の丸みを帯びた形状の外表面は、前記磁極の先端近傍に配置されている、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記磁極の先端は、角部を有する形状であり、
前記電界緩和電極は、丸みを帯びた形状の外表面が少なくとも前記磁極の先端の角部を覆うように設けられている、請求項2に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記電界緩和電極は、前記磁極の先端の角部と、前記磁極の角部において互いに交差する先端面および側面とを覆うように設けられている、請求項3に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記電界緩和電極は、前記磁極の先端の角部および前記先端面を隙間なく取り囲んで覆うように設けられている、請求項4に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記電界緩和電極は、非磁性の金属により形成されている、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記外囲器は、前記陰極および前記陽極を収容する筒状形状を有し、
前記電界緩和電極は、筒状形状の前記外囲器の周囲を取り囲むように環状に設けられている、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記筒状の外囲器の中心軸線に沿った方向の縦断面において、環状の前記電界緩和電極の先端の外表面は、凸形状の丸みを帯びた形状に形成され、
前記外囲器の中心軸線と直交する方向の横断面において、環状の前記電界緩和電極の先端の外表面は、円状の内周面により形成されている、請求項7に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記磁極は、前記外囲器の周囲に所定の角度間隔で複数設けられており、
前記電界緩和電極は、複数の前記磁極を覆うように設けられた1つの環状の前記電界緩和電極を含む、請求項7に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記磁場発生器は、環状のコアと、前記環状のコアから内側に突出するように配置された複数の前記磁極とを含み、
前記環状の電界緩和電極の外周部には、前記複数の磁極の先端部分を挿入するための複数の凹部が設けられており、
前記環状の電界緩和電極の複数の凹部に、それぞれ、前記複数の磁極が挿入されることにより、前記磁極の先端部分が前記環状の電界緩和電極により覆われるように構成されている、請求項9に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記環状の電界緩和電極は、前記外囲器の周囲を取り囲むように、前記外囲器に対して同心状に配置されている、請求項7に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記環状の電界緩和電極の内周面は、前記外囲器の外周面との距離が略一定になるように配置されている、請求項7に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記筒状の外囲器は、前記外囲器の中心軸線と直交する方向の横断面において、円状の外周面を有し、
前記環状の電界緩和電極の内周面は、円形状を有するとともに、前記外囲器の外周面との距離が略一定になるように配置されている、請求項12に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記電界緩和電極は、凸形状の外表面を有し、
前記電界緩和電極の凸形状の外表面は、前記磁極の先端面を覆う円弧状部分を含む、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記電界緩和電極の円弧状部分は、電子ビームの向きに沿った方向における前記磁極の長さの2分の1よりも大きい曲率半径を有する、請求項14に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記電界緩和電極の先端の外表面は、電子ビームの向きに沿った方向における前記外囲器の外形形状に対応する形状を有する、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。
- 前記外囲器は、円形断面の筒状形状を有するとともに、中心軸線に沿った方向の外側の直径が大きくなるように傾斜した傾斜面を有し、
前記電界緩和電極の先端の外表面は、前記外囲器の中心軸線に沿った方向の縦断面において、前記磁極の先端面を覆う円弧状部分と、前記傾斜面と略平行に延びる傾斜部分とが滑らかに連続した断面形状を有する、請求項16に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記磁極の根元部側には、コイルが巻回されており、
前記電界緩和電極は、前記コイルが巻回されていない前記磁極の先端部分を覆うように構成されている、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記電界緩和電極は、少なくとも前記磁極の先端面を覆うように配置され、
前記電界緩和電極の外表面と前記磁極の先端面との間の距離は、電子ビームの向きに沿った方向における前記磁極の長さ以下である、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。 - 前記外囲器は、前記陰極および前記陽極を軸中心に収納する筒状形状を有し、前記陽極と一体となって回転するように構成されている、請求項1に記載のX線管装置。
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US14/437,491 US9437390B2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | X-ray tube device |
EP12886920.3A EP2911179B1 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | X-ray tube device |
CN201280076582.0A CN104756222B (zh) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | X射线管装置 |
JP2014543016A JP5880727B2 (ja) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | X線管装置 |
PCT/JP2012/077215 WO2014064748A1 (ja) | 2012-10-22 | 2012-10-22 | X線管装置 |
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US9437390B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 |
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JP5880727B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 |
JPWO2014064748A1 (ja) | 2016-09-05 |
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