WO2014054711A1 - 積層シートおよびその製造方法並びに表面保護シート - Google Patents
積層シートおよびその製造方法並びに表面保護シート Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014054711A1 WO2014054711A1 PCT/JP2013/076891 JP2013076891W WO2014054711A1 WO 2014054711 A1 WO2014054711 A1 WO 2014054711A1 JP 2013076891 W JP2013076891 W JP 2013076891W WO 2014054711 A1 WO2014054711 A1 WO 2014054711A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyvinyl acetal
- acetal resin
- laminated sheet
- resin layer
- carbon atoms
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 37
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- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical group OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 8
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000005641 methacryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 35
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- -1 ethylene, propylene, 1-butene Chemical class 0.000 description 20
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- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
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- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
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- 239000001431 2-methylbenzaldehyde Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical group CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 3
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- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical class CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BTFQKIATRPGRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-tolualdehyde Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=O BTFQKIATRPGRBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QJWFJOSRSZOLKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enamide Chemical class NC(=O)C=C.NC(=O)C=C QJWFJOSRSZOLKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C BOQSSGDQNWEFSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C=C LYBIZMNPXTXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005336 safety glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylthiol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)S WMXCDAVJEZZYLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZYULTYGSBAILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(prop-2-enyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC=C TZYULTYGSBAILI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CCVMLEHYQVSFOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(prop-2-enoylamino)ethyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCNC(=O)C=C CCVMLEHYQVSFOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl ethyl ether Natural products CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
- B32B27/22—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using plasticisers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2029/00—Use of polyvinylalcohols, polyvinylethers, polyvinylaldehydes, polyvinylketones or polyvinylketals or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2029/14—Polyvinylacetals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2033/00—Use of polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof as moulding material
- B29K2033/04—Polymers of esters
- B29K2033/08—Polymers of acrylic acid esters, e.g. PMA, i.e. polymethylacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
- B29K2105/0038—Plasticisers
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/536—Hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31859—Next to an aldehyde or ketone condensation product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyvinyl acetal resin-based laminated sheet, a method for producing the same, and a surface protective sheet using the laminated sheet. More specifically, the present invention relates to a laminated sheet that is excellent in transparency, impact resistance, surface hardness, weather resistance, moldability, surface smoothness, etc., and can be suitably used in applications that require high quality.
- a surface protection sheet provided with a layer made of a thermoplastic resin As a sheet for protecting the substrate surface, a surface protection sheet provided with a layer made of a thermoplastic resin is known, as a thermoplastic resin excellent in transparency, surface hardness, weather resistance, polyester resin, Methacrylic resins have been commonly used. However, since the surface hardness of polyester resin alone is small, hard coat processing is essential, and moldability is not sufficient, and it is difficult to use in fields where post-processing such as stretching and bending is required There is. In addition, methacrylic resin is excellent in transparency, surface hardness, weather resistance, and moldability, and is suitably used as a surface protective material for various molded products. May be damaged.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin is produced by acetalizing a polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as PVA) resin with an aldehyde, and has transparency, impact resistance, weather resistance, moldability, and adhesion to various substrates. Due to its excellent properties, it is used in a wide range of fields such as interlayer films such as automobile windshields and safety glass, binders, and adhesives. In addition to such features, it is considered that if surface hardness can be imparted, it can be suitably used as a surface protective sheet.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for improving anti-scattering properties by laminating a polyvinyl acetal layer with a resin plate such as an acrylic plate.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a polyvinyl acetal resin is used as an adhesive layer when a fluoropolymer sheet having a relatively high hardness is used as a protective sheet.
- a method of laminating a methacrylic resin on the surface of a polyvinyl acetal resin sheet as in the invention described in Patent Document 1 is considered.
- ordinary polyvinyl acetal resins may not have sufficient adhesion to methacrylic resins, and may have insufficient impact resistance and may be difficult to use as a surface protective sheet.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is not sufficiently heat-stable, and when it is used for thermoforming, it may cause generation of decomposition gas, generation of a cross-linked gel or the like due to thermal decomposition or thermal degradation.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a laminated sheet of a polyvinyl acetal resin and a methacrylic resin having excellent transparency, impact resistance, surface hardness, weather resistance, moldability, surface smoothness, etc. Is to get. Furthermore, it is providing the surface protection sheet with favorable adhesiveness to various resin and a base material.
- the present inventors have specified the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl alcohol resin used as the raw material for the polyvinyl acetal resin, the amount of residual acetic acid groups, and the acetal species and the degree of acetalization during the production of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- a surface protective sheet having good transparency, impact resistance, surface hardness, weather resistance, moldability, surface smoothness, and good adhesion.
- the present invention comprises at least one polyvinyl acetal resin layer and at least one methacrylic resin layer that is in close contact with the polyvinyl acetal resin layer, per 100 carbon atoms constituting the main chain of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the carbon number of the acetal part is in the range of 30 to 70, and the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is in the range of 500 to 2000.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably in the range of 55 to 85 mol%.
- the proportion of structural units containing residual acetic acid groups in the total structural units of the polyvinyl acetal resin is in the range of 3 mol% or less.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin is a resin obtained by acetalization with an aldehyde having 4 or more carbon atoms and an aldehyde having 3 or less carbon atoms, and is acetalized with an aldehyde having 4 or more carbon atoms.
- the molar ratio of vinyl alcohol unit / vinyl alcohol unit acetalized with an aldehyde having 3 or less carbon atoms is preferably 90/10 to 1/99.
- the present invention is a surface protective sheet using the above laminated sheet, and it is preferable that the polyvinyl acetal resin layer and the methacrylic resin layer each consist of only one layer.
- the present invention is a method for producing a laminated sheet in which a methacrylic resin layer is laminated on the surface of a polyvinyl acetal resin layer, wherein the carbon number of the acetal part per 100 carbon atoms constituting the main chain of the polyvinyl acetal resin is A method for producing a laminated sheet, characterized in that the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal is in the range of 30 to 70, and the polyvinyl acetal resin and methacrylic resin are coextruded.
- a laminated sheet excellent in transparency, impact resistance, surface hardness, weather resistance, moldability, surface smoothness, etc. can be obtained.
- a surface protective sheet that can be suitably used even in applications that require high quality.
- the laminated sheet of the present invention is a laminate in which a methacrylic resin layer and a polyvinyl acetal resin layer are adhered and laminated, and the number of carbon atoms of the acetal portion per 100 carbon atoms constituting the main chain of the polyvinyl acetal resin is 30 to
- the average degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is in the range of 500 to 2000.
- the thickness of the polyvinyl acetal resin layer is preferably in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 20 ⁇ m to 800 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably in the range of 30 ⁇ m to 600 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the methacrylic resin layer is preferably in the range of 5 ⁇ m to 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably in the range of 15 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
- the layer structure is not limited, and the methacrylic resin layer is formed only on one side of the polyvinyl acetal layer. May be laminated, or may be laminated on both sides. Further, the layers may be stacked with a further number of layers.
- the thickness of the laminated sheet of the present invention is preferably in the range of 15 ⁇ m to 1.5 mm.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention comprises a vinyl alcohol unit (a structural unit containing a hydroxyl group), a vinyl ester unit (a structural unit containing a residual acetic acid group) and a vinyl acetal unit (two vinyl alcohol units are acetalized with an aldehyde. Resin).
- Each unit is not particularly limited by the arrangement order, and may be arranged at random, in a block shape, or in a tapered shape. Further, the bond between the repeating units may be Head-to-Tail or Head-to-Head.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention can be synthesized by reacting a polyvinyl alcohol resin and an aldehyde by a known method.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin may be a homopolymer composed only of vinyl alcohol units, or a copolymer composed of vinyl alcohol and a monomer copolymerizable therewith (hereinafter sometimes referred to as PVA copolymer). May be.
- PVA copolymer a copolymer composed of vinyl alcohol and a monomer copolymerizable therewith
- PVA copolymer a monomer copolymerizable therewith
- it may be a modified polyvinyl alcohol resin having a functional group such as a carboxyl group introduced in the middle, end, or side chain of the molecular chain.
- These polyvinyl alcohol resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin is not particularly limited by its production method, and for example, a resin obtained by saponifying a vinyl ester polymer such as polyvinyl acetate can be used.
- vinyl ester monomers for forming vinyl ester units include vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl valerate, vinyl caprate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate, vinyl benzoate, vinyl pivalate, Examples include vinyl versatate.
- vinyl acetate is preferable in that PVA can be obtained with good productivity.
- Examples of the copolymerizable monomer constituting the PVA copolymer include ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutene and 1-hexene; acrylic acid and salts thereof; methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylic Acrylic acid esters such as n-propyl acid and i-propyl acrylate; methacrylic acid and salts thereof; methacrylic acid esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, n-propyl methacrylate and i-propyl methacrylate; acrylamide Acrylamide derivatives such as N-methylacrylamide and N-ethylacrylamide; methacrylamide derivatives such as methacrylamide, N-methylmethacrylamide and N-ethylmethacrylamide; methyl vinyl ether and ethyl vinyl ether vinyl ethers such as n-propyl vinyl ether, i-propyl vinyl
- the content of these copolymerizable monomer units is preferably 20 mol% in 100 mol% of all monomer units constituting the PVA copolymer. Below, more preferably 10 mol% or less. Moreover, in order to exhibit the merit of being copolymerized, it is preferable that 0.01 mol% or more is a comonomer unit.
- Examples of the polymerization method used in the production of the vinyl ester polymer include known methods such as a bulk polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, and an emulsion polymerization method.
- the bulk polymerization method and the solution polymerization method which are methods of polymerization in the absence of solvent or in a solvent such as alcohol, are preferable.
- alcohol used as a solvent in the solution polymerization method lower alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and propyl alcohol are usually used.
- polymerization initiators examples include azo compounds such as ⁇ , ⁇ '-azobisisobutyronitrile and 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, and n-propyl peroxycarbonate. And peroxides.
- the polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually 0 ° C to 200 ° C.
- an alkaline substance is usually used as a catalyst.
- the alkaline substance include potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide.
- the molar ratio of the alkaline substance used for the saponification catalyst is preferably 0.004 to 0.5, more preferably 0.005 to 0.05, with respect to the vinyl ester unit in the vinyl ester polymer.
- the alkaline substance as a saponification catalyst may be added all at the beginning of the saponification reaction, or may be additionally added during the saponification reaction.
- Examples of the solvent that can be used in the saponification reaction include methanol, methyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and the like. Of these solvents, methanol is preferred.
- the solvent used preferably has a water content adjusted. The water content of the solvent is preferably 0.001 to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.003 to 0.9% by mass, and still more preferably 0.005 to 0.8% by mass.
- the polyvinyl alcohol resin may be completely saponified or partially saponified, that is, partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin.
- the degree of saponification of the polyvinyl alcohol resin is preferably 97 mol% or more, more preferably 98 mol% or more, and particularly preferably 99 mol% or more.
- the degree of saponification is less than 97 mol%, the obtained polyvinyl acetal resin is not sufficiently heat stable, and it may be difficult to perform stable melt molding by thermal decomposition or cross-linking gelation.
- Examples of the cleaning liquid for cleaning the generated PVA after the saponification reaction include methanol, acetone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, hexane, and water. Among these, methanol, methyl acetate, water, or a mixture thereof is preferable.
- the amount of the cleaning liquid used is preferably set so as to satisfy the content of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal described later, and is usually preferably 300 to 10,000 parts by weight, and 500 to 5000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of PVA Part is more preferred.
- the washing temperature is preferably 5 to 80 ° C, more preferably 20 to 70 ° C.
- the washing time is preferably 20 minutes to 100 hours, more preferably 1 hour to 50 hours.
- the content of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal in the PVA used in the present invention is preferably 0.00001 to 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of PVA. Those having an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal content of less than 0.00001 parts by mass are industrially difficult to produce.
- the content of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is more than 1 part by mass, the content of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal remaining in the obtained polyvinyl acetal resin is increased, which causes decomposition and gelation. There are cases where stable melt molding cannot be performed.
- the alkali metal include sodium and potassium.
- alkaline earth metals include calcium and barium. Note that the content of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal can be determined by an atomic absorption method.
- the viscosity average polymerization degree of PVA (hereinafter simply referred to as polymerization degree) is 500 to 2000, preferably 800 to 1700, and more preferably 1000 to 1500.
- polymerization degree of PVA is 500 to 2000, preferably 800 to 1700, and more preferably 1000 to 1500.
- the polymerization degree of PVA is less than 500, the mechanical properties of the polyvinyl acetal resin molded product are insufficient, and stable molding cannot be performed.
- the polymerization degree of PVA exceeds 2000, the melt viscosity at the time of thermoforming as a polyvinyl acetal resin becomes high, and it becomes difficult to produce a molded product.
- the degree of polymerization of PVA is measured according to JIS-K6726.
- the aldehyde used for the production of the polyvinyl acetal resin is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the aldehyde having 3 or less carbon atoms include formaldehyde (including paraformaldehyde), acetaldehyde (including paraacetaldehyde), propionaldehyde, and glyoxal.
- An aldehyde having 3 or less carbon atoms can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- these aldehydes having 3 or less carbon atoms those mainly composed of acetaldehyde (including paraacetaldehyde) and formaldehyde (including paraformaldehyde) are preferable, and acetaldehyde is particularly preferable.
- aldehyde having 4 or more carbon atoms examples include butyraldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, amylaldehyde, hexylaldehyde, heptylaldehyde, 2-ethylhexylaldehyde, cyclohexylaldehyde, furfural, glutaraldehyde, benzaldehyde, 2-methylbenzaldehyde, 3-methylbenzaldehyde, Examples thereof include methylbenzaldehyde, 4-methylbenzaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, ⁇ -phenylpropionaldehyde and the like.
- the aldehyde having 4 or more carbon atoms can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- butyraldehyde is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of ease of production.
- butyraldehyde and acetaldehyde are preferable from the viewpoint of ease of production, heat resistance and mechanical properties.
- the reaction between the polyvinyl alcohol resin and the aldehyde can be performed by a known method.
- a method in which a polyvinyl alcohol resin is dissolved in water and reacted with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst to precipitate resin particles aqueous medium method
- a polyvinyl alcohol resin is dispersed in an organic solvent, and in the presence of an acid catalyst, A reaction with an aldehyde, and the resulting reaction solution is added to a poor solvent such as water to precipitate resin particles
- solvent method aqueous medium method is preferred.
- Aldehydes used for acetalization may be charged all at the same time or may be charged separately one by one.
- the randomness of the vinyl acetal unit in the polyvinyl acetal resin can be changed.
- the acid catalyst used in the acetalization reaction is not particularly limited.
- organic acids such as acetic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid
- inorganic acids such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid
- acidity when formed into an aqueous solution such as carbon dioxide gas
- solid acid catalysts such as gases, cation exchangers and metal oxides.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is preferably 55 to 85 mol%, more preferably 60 to 80 mol%.
- Polyvinyl acetalized resins having an acetalization degree of less than 55 mol% are not sufficiently heat-stable and have poor melt processability.
- a polyvinyl acetal resin having a degree of acetalization exceeding 85 mol% is very difficult to produce and requires a long time for the acetalization reaction, resulting in an increase in production cost.
- the degree of acetalization of the polyvinyl acetal resin can be determined according to the method described in JIS K6728 (1977).
- the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is preferably a resin obtained by acetalization with an aldehyde having 4 or more carbon atoms and an aldehyde having 3 or less carbon atoms.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention is a vinyl alcohol unit acetalized with an aldehyde having 4 or more carbon atoms / vinyl acetalized with an aldehyde having 3 or less carbon atoms from the viewpoint of adhesiveness to methacrylic resin and heat resistance.
- the molar ratio of alcohol units is preferably 90/10 to 1/99, more preferably 80/20 to 1/99.
- the proportion of the structural unit containing residual acetic acid groups in the total structural units is preferably 3 mol% or less, more preferably 2 mol% or less, and particularly preferably 1 mol% or less.
- the proportion of the structural unit containing the remaining acetic acid group is more than 3 mol%, a decrease in heat resistance, a decrease in continuous productivity and the like are likely to occur.
- the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin obtained by acetalizing the polyvinyl alcohol resin and the polyvinyl alcohol is the same. Therefore, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl acetal resin (viscosity average polymerization degree based on polyvinyl alcohol) is essential to be 500 to 2000, preferably 800 to 1700, more preferably 1000 to 1500. If the degree of polymerization of the polyvinyl acetal resin is less than 500, the mechanical properties of the polyvinyl acetal resin are insufficient, and stable molding cannot be performed. If the degree of polymerization exceeds 2000, the melt viscosity during thermoforming is high. Therefore, it tends to be difficult to manufacture the molded product.
- Examples of the neutralizing agent used for removing the acid catalyst include alkali metal compounds such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate; alkaline earth such as calcium hydroxide. Metal compound; Ammonia, aqueous ammonia solution may be mentioned.
- Examples of the alkylene oxides used for removing the acid catalyst include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide; glycidyl ethers such as ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether.
- the catalyst residue, neutralizing agent residue, salt generated by neutralization, unreacted aldehyde, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, by-product and the like are removed to purify the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the purification method is not particularly limited, and methods such as repeated liquid removal and washing are usually used.
- the liquid used for the purification include water and a mixed liquid obtained by adding alcohol such as methanol and ethanol to water.
- the solution is removed with a mixed solution of water and alcohol (methanol, ethanol, etc.) until the pH is preferably 6 to 8, more preferably 6.5 to 7.5.
- the mixing ratio of water / alcohol is preferably 50/50 to 95/5, more preferably 60/40 to 90/10 in terms of mass ratio.
- the ratio of water is too small, the elution of the polyvinyl acetal resin into the mixed solution tends to increase.
- the proportion of water is too large, the removal efficiency of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal tends to decrease.
- the alkali metal contained in the neutralizing agent tends to cause thermal decomposition, and if it remains in a large amount, it may cause severe polymer decomposition or cross-linking gelation, and stable melt molding may not be performed.
- the alkali metal content in the polyvinyl acetal resin is preferably 0.1 to 100 ppm, more preferably 0.1 to 50 ppm, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 10 ppm.
- the method for removing the residue is not particularly limited, and methods such as repeated liquid removal and washing with water are usually used.
- the water-containing polyvinyl acetal resin from which residues and the like have been removed is dried as necessary, processed into powder, granules, or pellets as necessary, and used as a molding material. It is preferable to reduce unreacted aldehyde, moisture, and the like by degassing under reduced pressure when processing into powder, granules, or pellets.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin of the present invention contains various additives as necessary, for example, antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, processing aids, antistatic agents, colorants, impact resistance aids, foaming agents, fillers, A matting agent or the like may be blended.
- a softener and a plasticizer are not included in a large amount from the viewpoint of maintaining the surface hardness and mechanical properties of the obtained laminated sheet.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin of the present invention does not contain a plasticizer, but it does not preclude the inclusion of a plasticizer within a range that does not impair the intended function of the present invention.
- a plasticizer is contained, it is less than 20 parts by mass and more preferably less than 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the amount of the plasticizer is 20 parts by mass or more, the surface hardness of the obtained laminated sheet is lowered, and the plasticizer may bleed out to have an adverse effect.
- plasticizer contained in the polyvinyl acetal resin of the present invention examples include carboxylic acid ester plasticizers such as monovalent carboxylic acid esters and polyvalent carboxylic acid esters, phosphoric acid ester plasticizers, and organic phosphite plastics.
- carboxylic acid ester plasticizers such as monovalent carboxylic acid esters and polyvalent carboxylic acid esters, phosphoric acid ester plasticizers, and organic phosphite plastics.
- a polymer plasticizer such as a carboxylic acid polyester type, a carbonic acid polyester type, or a polyalkylene glycol type may be used.
- an ultraviolet absorber can be added to the polyvinyl acetal resin used in the present invention for the purpose of improving the weather resistance.
- the kind of ultraviolet absorber is not specifically limited, A benzotriazole type, a benzophenone type, or a triazine type is preferable.
- the addition amount of the ultraviolet absorber is usually 0.1 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 2% by mass with respect to the polyvinyl acetal resin.
- the polyvinyl acetal resin must satisfy the requirement that the main chain has a carbon number of the acetal portion per 100 carbon atoms constituting the main chain in the range of 30 to 70.
- “the carbon number of the acetal part is 30” means, for example, when acetalization degree is 30 mol% with butyraldehyde having 4 carbon atoms, or when acetalization degree is 60 mol% with acetaldehyde having 2 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the acetal part is 70 corresponds to, for example, the case where the acetalization degree is 70 mol% with butyraldehyde having 4 carbon atoms.
- the carbon number of the acetal part per 100 carbon atoms constituting the main chain is less than 30 or greater than 70, the adhesion with the methacrylic resin is not sufficient, and therefore the impact resistance of the laminated sheet is inferior.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention can be obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture containing alkyl methacrylate.
- alkyl methacrylate methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, sec-butyl methacrylate, tert-butyl methacrylate, pentyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, myristyl Examples include methacrylate, palmityl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, behenyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, and benzyl methacrylate. These alkyl metallates may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, alkyl methacrylates having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group are preferred, and methyl methacrylate is particularly
- the monomer mixture may contain an alkyl acrylate in addition to the alkyl methacrylate.
- Alkyl acrylates include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, pentyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, myristyl Examples include acrylate, palmityl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, behenyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, and benzyl acrylate. Of these, alkyl acrylates in which the alkyl group has 1 to 8 carbon atoms are preferred. These alkyl acrylates may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the monomer mixture may contain other ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate.
- Examples of ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with alkyl methacrylate and alkyl acrylate include diene compounds such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene; styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, Styrene substituted by halogen, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-methylstyrene, 4-propylstyrene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 4-dodecylstyrene, 2-ethyl-4-benzylstyrene, 4- (phenylbutyl) styrene, etc.
- diene compounds such as 1,3-butadiene and isoprene
- styrene ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyltoluene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, Styrene substitute
- Vinyl aromatic compounds of the above ethylenically unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, maleic anhydride, maleic imide, monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, etc.
- Rukoto can.
- These ethylenically unsaturated monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the proportion of the alkyl methacrylate unit is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and 95% by mass or more from the viewpoint of weather resistance. Is particularly preferred.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention has a weight average molecular weight (denoted as Mw, the same shall apply hereinafter) in terms of strength characteristics and meltability, preferably 40,000 or more, more preferably 40,000 to 10,000,000. Particularly preferred is 80,000 to 1,000,000.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention may be one in which monomers are linearly bonded, may have a branch, or may have a cyclic structure.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of polymerizing an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated compound, but is preferably produced by radical polymerization.
- the polymerization method include a bulk polymerization method, a suspension polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, and an emulsion polymerization method.
- radical polymerization initiator used in the polymerization examples include azo compounds such as azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis ⁇ -dimethylvaleronitrile; benzoyl peroxide, cumyl peroxide, oxyneodecanoate, diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, t -Peroxides such as butyl cumyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide.
- the polymerization initiator is usually used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all monomers.
- the polymerization is usually carried out at a temperature of 50 to 140 ° C. for usually 2 to 20 hours.
- a chain transfer agent can be used to control the molecular weight of the methacrylic resin.
- chain transfer agents methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, t-butyl mercaptan, n-hexyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, n-dodecyl mercaptan, ethylthioglycoate, mercaptoethanol, thio- ⁇ -naphthol, thiophenol and the like can be mentioned.
- the chain transfer agent is usually used in the range of 0.005 to 0.5% by mass with respect to the total monomers.
- an ultraviolet absorber may be added to the methacrylic resin layer.
- a preferred example of the methacrylic resin layer having high weather resistance is a methacrylic resin layer to which an ultraviolet absorber is added.
- the ultraviolet absorber include known ultraviolet absorbers such as benzotriazole, benzophenone, salicylate, cyanoacrylate, nickel, and triazine ultraviolet absorbers.
- other stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants and the like may be used in combination.
- the methacrylic resin used in the present invention is not limited to the function intended by the present invention, but other than the ultraviolet absorber, various additives such as antioxidants, stabilizers, and lubricants as necessary. , Processing aids, antistatic agents, colorants, impact aids, foaming agents, fillers, matting agents, and the like may be blended. In addition, it is preferable that a softener and a plasticizer are not included in a large amount from the viewpoint of maintaining the surface hardness and mechanical properties of the obtained laminated sheet. On the other hand, in order to ensure the stability at the time of forming the methacrylic layer, a rubber such as a soft rubber whose main component is butyl acrylate whose refractive index is adjusted may be added.
- the laminated sheet of the present invention can be produced using a known laminating method such as a co-extrusion method, a thermal laminating method, or a pressing method. it can.
- the co-extrusion method is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesion.
- the laminated sheet by the coextrusion method can be manufactured by, for example, T-die molding having a multilayer die. The molding temperature at this time is adjusted as appropriate depending on the flow characteristics, film formability, etc. of the resin used. From the viewpoint of adhesion between the methacrylic resin layer and the polyvinyl acetal resin layer, 200 ° C.
- additives such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, weathering stabilizers, etc. may be dry blended with the resin in advance and then supplied to the popper, or all materials will be supplied after melt mixing to produce pellets. Alternatively, it may be supplied after preparing a master batch in which only the additive is previously concentrated in the resin.
- the laminated sheet of the present invention can be used as a surface protective sheet for various molded products.
- billboard parts such as advertising towers, stand signboards, sleeve signboards, billboard signs, rooftop signs, and marking films
- display parts such as showcases, dividers, and store displays
- Lighting parts such as light walls and chandeliers
- Interior parts such as furniture, pendants and mirrors
- Building parts such as doors, domes, safety window glass, partitions, staircases, balcony stools, and roofs of leisure buildings
- Parts for transport equipment such as pilot visors, motorcycles, motorboat windshields, bus shading plates, automotive side visors, rear visors, head wings, headlight covers, automotive interior parts, bumper and other automotive exterior parts
- the surface protective sheet of the present invention When the surface protective sheet of the present invention is used, it is possible to obtain a molded article excellent in balance with toughness, impact resistance, surface hardness and rigidity, easy to handle, and excellent in appearance.
- the surface protection sheet of the present invention is formed on a base material made of steel, plastic sheet, fabric, paper, wood, glass, etc. by bonding, laminating, insert molding or in-mold molding, the appearance beauty of those base materials is improved. And the substrate can be protected. Furthermore, by applying a coating layer formed by curing with ultraviolet (UV) or electron beam (EB) irradiation on the surface protective sheet of the present invention combined with a base material, the appearance beauty and the protective property are further improved. be able to. In addition, taking advantage of its excellent appearance, it is suitable for wallpaper; automotive interior member surface; automotive exterior member surface such as bumper; mobile phone surface; furniture surface; personal computer surface; vending machine surface; Can be used.
- UV ultraviolet
- EB electron beam
- composition of polyvinyl acetal resin The composition of the polyvinyl acetal resin was calculated by 13 C-NMR spectrum measurement.
- a methacrylic resin was prepared by blending 2.0 parts by mass of the ultraviolet absorber Adeka Stub LA-31 (manufactured by Adeka) with 100 parts by mass of the methacrylic resin.
- a methacrylic resin and polyvinyl acetal (PA1) obtained by blending 2.0 parts by mass of Adeka Stub LA-31 (manufactured by Adeka) as an ultraviolet absorber with the above-mentioned polyvinyl acetal resin
- PA1 polyvinyl acetal
- a laminated sheet having a configuration of layer / polyvinyl acetal resin (PA1) layer was formed.
- Table 2 shows the structure and evaluation results of the formed laminated sheet. Coextrusion was performed at a temperature of 230 ° C. The coextrusion moldability at this time was good. Moreover, the surface hardness and impact resistance of the obtained laminated sheet were also good.
- Example 2 Using the methacrylic resin used in Example 1 and the polyvinyl acetal resin (PA2 to 10) shown in Table 1, a laminated sheet having a configuration of methacrylic resin layer / polyvinyl acetal resin layer was formed by a coextrusion method. Table 2 shows the structure and evaluation results of the formed laminated sheet. Coextrusion was performed at a temperature of 230 ° C. In each example, the coextrusion moldability of the laminated sheet was good. Moreover, the surface hardness and impact resistance of the obtained laminated sheet were also good.
- Example 11 As a methacrylic resin, 50 parts by mass of Parapet EH and 50 parts by mass of GR00100 (both manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) were prepared. A laminated sheet having a configuration of methacrylic resin layer / polyvinyl acetal resin layer was formed by a coextrusion method with resin (PA1). Table 2 shows the structure and evaluation results of the formed laminated sheet. Coextrusion was performed at a temperature of 230 ° C. The coextrusion moldability of the laminated sheet was good. Moreover, the surface hardness and impact resistance of the obtained laminated sheet were also good.
- PA1 coextrusion method with resin
- Example 12 and 13 As the polyvinyl acetal resin, blended with 100 parts by mass of polyvinyl acetal (PA1) with 2.0 parts by mass of the ultraviolet absorber Adekastab LA-31 and the plasticizer triethylene glycol di-2-ethylhexanoate in the addition amounts shown in Table 2.
- a laminated sheet having a configuration of methacrylic resin layer / polyvinyl acetal resin layer was formed by coextrusion using the methacrylic resin used in Example 1.
- Table 2 shows the structure and evaluation results of the formed laminated sheet. Coextrusion was performed at a temperature of 230 ° C. The coextrusion moldability was good, but there was a tendency for the surface hardness to decrease slightly with the addition of a plasticizer. This tendency was remarkable in Example 13 in which the amount of plasticizer added was large.
- Comparative Example 4 since the melt viscosity of the polyvinyl acetal resin was high, stable extrusion could not be performed, and a uniform sheet could not be obtained. In Comparative Example 5, the polyvinyl acetal resin layer was fragile, cracked frequently, and a sheet could not be obtained stably.
- the laminated sheet of the present invention can be used as a surface protective sheet for various molded products.
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Abstract
Description
なお、以下の説明において具体的な材料や数値を例示する場合があるが、本発明はそのような材料や数値に限定されない。また、例示される材料は、特に記載がない限り、1種を単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明の積層シートは、それぞれ少なくとも1層のポリビニルアセタール樹脂層とメタクリル樹脂層とが密着して積層されていれば、その層構成には制限が無く、ポリビニルアセタール層の片面のみにメタクリル樹脂層が積層されていても良いし、両面に積層されていても良い。また、さらに層数を重ねて積層されていてもかまわない。本発明の積層シートの厚さは、15μm~1.5mmの範囲内であるのが好ましい。
上記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂は、ビニルアルコール単位のみからなるホモポリマーであってもよいし、ビニルアルコールとこれに共重合可能なモノマーとからなるコポリマー(以下、PVAコポリマーと表記することがある。)であってもよい。さらに、分子鎖の途中、末端、または側鎖にカルボキシル基などの官能基が導入された変性ポリビニルアルコール樹脂であってもよい。これらポリビニルアルコール樹脂は、1種単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
洗浄液の使用量は、後述するアルカリ金属またはアルカリ土類金属の含有量を満足するように設定するのが好ましく、通常、PVA100質量部に対して、300~10000質量部が好ましく、500~5000質量部がより好ましい。洗浄温度としては、5~80℃が好ましく、20~70℃がより好ましい。洗浄時間としては20分間~100時間が好ましく、1時間~50時間がより好ましい。
炭素数3以下のアルデヒドとしては、例えば、ホルムアルデヒド(パラホルムアルデヒドを含む)、アセトアルデヒド(パラアセトアルデヒドを含む)、プロピオンアルデヒド、グリオキザールなどが挙げられる。炭素数3以下のアルデヒドは1種単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これら炭素数3以下のアルデヒドのうち、製造の容易さの観点から、アセトアルデヒド(パラアセトアルデヒドを含む)およびホルムアルデヒド(パラホルムアルデヒドを含む)を主体とするものが好ましく、アセトアルデヒドが特に好ましい。
炭素数4以上のアルデヒドとしては、例えば、ブチルアルデヒド、n-オクチルアルデヒド、アミルアルデヒド、ヘキシルアルデヒド、ヘプチルアルデヒド、2-エチルヘキシルアルデヒド、シクロヘキシルアルデヒド、フルフラール、グルタルアルデヒド、ベンズアルデヒド、2-メチルベンズアルデヒド、3-メチルベンズアルデヒド、4-メチルベンズアルデヒド、p-ヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド、m-ヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド、フェニルアセトアルデヒド、β-フェニルプロピオンアルデヒド等が挙げられる。炭素数4以上のアルデヒドは1種単独でまたは2種類以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。これら炭素数4以上のアルデヒドのうち、製造の容易度の観点から、ブチルアルデヒドが特に好ましい。また、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の製造に用いられる炭素数4以上のアルデヒドと炭素数3以下のアルデヒドの組み合わせとしては、製造の容易さ、耐熱性及び力学物性の観点から、ブチルアルデヒドとアセトアルデヒドが好ましい。
精製方法は特に制限されず、脱液と洗浄を繰り返すなどの方法が通常用いられる。精製に用いられる液としては、水や、水にメタノールやエタノールなどのアルコールを加えた混合液などが挙げられる。中でも、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を中和した後に、水とアルコール(メタノール、エタノールなど)との混合溶液で、pHが好ましくは6~8、より好ましくは6.5~7.5になるまで、脱液と洗浄を繰り返す方法が、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属を効率よく低減でき、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂を安定に製造することができる点で好ましい。水/アルコールの混合比率は、質量比で50/50~95/5であることが好ましく、60/40~90/10であることがより好ましい。水の割合が少なすぎると、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の混合液中への溶出が多くなる傾向がある。水の割合が多すぎると、アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属の除去効率が低下する傾向がある。
具体的に、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂中のアルカリ金属含有量は、0.1~100ppmであることが好ましく、0.1~50ppmであることがより好ましく、0.1~10ppmであることが特に好ましい。なお、アルカリ金属の含有量が0.1ppm未満のものは工業的に製造が難しく、洗浄に長時間を要するので製造コストが高くなる。上記の残渣を除去する方法は特に制限されず、水で脱液と洗浄を繰り返すなどの方法が通常用いられる。
表1に示す粘度平均重合度およびけん化度を有するポリビニルアルコール樹脂を水に溶解させ、該水溶液を12℃に冷却した。その後、所定量のブチルアルデヒドおよび/またはアセトアルデヒドならびに60質量%の塩酸を添加し、攪拌してアセタール化した。該反応の進行に伴って樹脂が析出した。反応完了後、過剰の水でpH=6になるまで洗浄した。次いでアルカリ性にした水性媒体中に添加し撹拌して懸濁させた。再びpH=7になるまで水で洗浄した。揮発分が1.0%になるまで乾燥することにより、表1に示す特性を有するポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA1)~(PA14)を得た。
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の組成は、13C-NMRスペクトル測定により算出した。
ポリビニルアルコールの重合度(P)は、JIS-K6726に準じて測定した。すなわち、PVAを完全に再けん化し、精製した後、30℃の水中で測定した極限粘度[η](dl/g)から式(1)により求めた。
P=([η]×103/8.29)(1/0.62) (1)
JIS-K5600-5-4に準じて鉛筆硬度試験により評価した。評価は本発明の積層シートのメタクリル樹脂層側で行った。
JIS-K5600-5-3に準じてデュポン衝撃試験により評価した。落下おもり500gを使用し、割れ・剥れを生じない落下高さを測定した。評価は本発明の積層シートのメタクリル樹脂層側を上にして、落下おもりに触れる側として行った。
メタクリル樹脂としてパラペットEH(クラレ製)を用い、メタクリル樹脂100質量部に対して紫外線吸収剤アデカスタブLA―31(アデカ製)2.0質量部をブレンドしたメタクリル樹脂を準備した。次に、このメタクリル樹脂と上述したポリビニルアセタール樹脂に紫外線吸収剤としてアデカスタブLA-31(アデカ製)2.0質量部をブレンドしたポリビニルアセタール(PA1)とを用いて、共押出し法によって、メタクリル樹脂層/ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA1)層という構成を有する積層シートを形成した。形成した積層シートの構成および評価結果を表2に示す。共押出しは230℃の温度条件で行った。このときの共押出し成形性は良好であった。また、得られた積層シートの表面硬度、耐衝撃性も良好であった。
実施例1で用いたメタクリル樹脂と表1に示したポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA2~10)とを用いて、共押出し法によって、メタクリル樹脂層/ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層という構成を有する積層シートを形成した。形成した積層シートの構成および評価結果を表2に示す。共押出しは230℃の温度条件で行った。各実施例において、積層シートの共押出し成形性は良好であった。また、得られた積層シートの表面硬度、耐衝撃性も良好であった。
メタクリル樹脂としてパラペットEHを50質量部、GR00100を50質量部用い(いずれもクラレ製)、紫外線吸収剤アデカスタブLA-31(アデカ製)2.0質量部をブレンドしたメタクリル樹脂を準備し、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA1)と共押出し法によって、メタクリル樹脂層/ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層という構成を有する積層シートを形成した。形成した積層シートの構成および評価結果を表2に示す。共押出しは230℃の温度条件で行った。積層シートの共押出し成形性は良好であった。また、得られた積層シートの表面硬度、耐衝撃性も良好であった。
ポリビニルアセタール樹脂として、ポリビニルアセタール(PA1)100質量部に対し紫外線吸収剤アデカスタブLA-31を2.0質量部、可塑剤トリエチレングリコールジ2-エチルヘキサノエートを表2に示す添加量でブレンドしたものを用い、メタクリル樹脂として実施例1で用いたものを用い、共押出し法によってメタクリル樹脂層/ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層という構成を有する積層シートを形成した。形成した積層シートの構成および評価結果を表2に示す。共押出しは230℃の温度条件で行った。共押出し成形性は良好であったが、可塑剤の添加により表面硬度がやや低下する傾向がみられた。この傾向は可塑剤の添加量が多い実施例13において顕著であった。
表1に示したポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA1)のみで押出を行った。形成した積層シートの構成および評価結果を表3に示す。
メタクリル樹脂積層シートに比べて表面硬度が低い結果であった。
実施例1で用いたメタクリル樹脂と表1に示したポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA11~14)とを用いて、共押出法によってメタクリル樹脂層/ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(PA11~14)層という構成を有する積層シートの形成を行った。形成した積層シートの構成および評価結果を表3に示す。
比較例2、3については、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂とメタクリル樹脂との密着性が低いため、デュポン衝撃試験において、低い落下位置で剥れを生じ、耐衝撃性が低い結果であった。
比較例4については、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の溶融粘度が高いため、安定な押出成形を行うことができず、均一なシートを得ることができなかった。
比較例5については、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層が脆く、割れが多発し、安定にシートを得ることができなかった。
Claims (11)
- 少なくとも1層のポリビニルアセタール樹脂層と、該ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層に密着する少なくとも1層のメタクリル樹脂層とよりなり、前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の主鎖を構成する炭素数100当りのアセタール部分の炭素数が30~70の範囲にあり、前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の平均重合度が500~2000の範囲にある積層シート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂において、カルボン酸エステル系、リン酸エステル系、有機亜リン酸エステル系、カルボン酸ポリエステル系、炭酸ポリエステル系、ポリアルキレングリコール系からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の可塑剤の含有量が、該ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100質量部に対して10質量部未満である請求項1に記載の積層シート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層の厚さが、10μm~1000μmの範囲内であり、前記メタクリル樹脂層の厚さが5μm~400μmの範囲内である請求項1または2に記載の積層シート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂のアセタール化度が55~85モル%の範囲にある、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の積層シート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の全構成単位に占める残存酢酸基を含む構成単位の割合が3モル%以下の範囲にある、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の積層シート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂が、炭素数4以上のアルデヒドと炭素数3以下のアルデヒドとでアセタール化して得られる樹脂であり、炭素数4以上のアルデヒドでアセタール化されたビニルアルコール単位/炭素数3以下のアルデヒドでアセタール化されたビニルアルコール単位のモル比が90/10~1/99である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の積層シート。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の積層シートを用いた表面保護シート。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層および前記メタクリル樹脂層がそれぞれ1層のみである請求項7に記載の表面保護シート。
- ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層の表面にメタクリル樹脂層が積層された積層シートを製造する方法であって、前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の主鎖を構成する炭素数100当りのアセタール部分の炭素数が30~70の範囲にあり、前記ポリビニルアセタールの平均重合度が500~2000の範囲にあり、該ポリビニルアセタール樹脂とメタクリル樹脂とを共押出しすることを特徴とする積層シートの製造方法。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂層の厚さが、10μm~1000μmの範囲内であり、前記メタクリル樹脂層の厚さが5μm~400μmの範囲内である請求項9に記載の積層シートの製造方法。
- 前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂が、炭素数4以上のアルデヒドと炭素数3以下のアルデヒドとでアセタール化して得られる樹脂であり、炭素数4以上のアルデヒドでアセタール化されたビニルアルコール単位/炭素数3以下のアルデヒドでアセタール化されたビニルアルコール単位のモル比が90/10~1/99である、請求項9または10のいずれか1項に記載の積層シートの製造方法。
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JPWO2020217766A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-10-29 |
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KR20150052253A (ko) | 2015-05-13 |
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